RT Pressure switches incorporate a pressure
controlled, single-pole change over swich where
the contact position depends on the pressure in
the connection port and the set value.
The RT series consists of pressure switches,
differential pressure switches and pressure
switches for neutral zone regulation, all for
general use within the industrial and marine
segments. The series also covers safety pressure
switches dedicated for steam boiler plants.
For installations in which operation is particularly
critical from safety and economic points of
view, the use of fail-safe pressure switches is
recommended.
The use of gold-plated contacts is also
recommended in such installations, provided
operation involves only a few switching cycles or
signal currents and voltages.
Features• Simple design
• High accuracy
• High repeatability
• Long operation life time
• Available with all major marine approvals
• Safety Integrity Level:
SIL 2 according to IEC 61508
Fig. 4. Contact function,
setting for rising pressure.
a. RT 19, RT 30 and pressure switches
with max. reset
When the pressure exceeds the set range value,
contacts 1-4 make and contact 1-2 brake. The
contacts changeover to their initial position
when the pressure falls to the range value minus
the differential (see fig. 4).
Scale setting −−−−
Mechanical differential
I.Alarm for rising pressure given
at the set range value.
II. Alarm for falling pressure given at the set
range value minus the differential.
Units with max. reset can only be reset at a
pressure corresponding to the set range value
minus the differential, or a lower pressure.
Fig. 5. Contact function,
setting for falling pressure.
b. All other RT pressure switches
When the pressure falls to the set range value,
contacts 1-2 make and contacts 1-4 brake.
The contacts changeover to their original
position when the pressure again rises to the
set range plus the differential (see fig. 5).
I. Alarm for falling pressure given
at the set range value.
II. Alarm for rising pressure given at the set
range value plus the differential.
Units with min. reset can only be reset
at a pressure corresponding to the set range
value plus the differential.
IC.PD.P10.6B.02 | 520B8146 | 6
Data sheet | Pressure switch, RT
Function
(continuation)
Functional description
of RT units
with fail-safe design
Example 1
An extra cooling water pump must start if the
cooling water pressure falls below 6 bar, and must
stop when the pressure exceeds 7 bar.
Choose an RT 116 with a range of 1 – 10 bar and
an adjustable differential of 0.2 – 1.3 bar.
The start pressure of 6 bar must be set on the
range scale. The differential must be set as the
difference between the stop pressure (7 bar) and
the start pressure (6 bar) = 1 bar. According to
fig. 3, the differential setting disc must be set on 8.
Example 2
The burner on a steam boiler must cut out when
the pressure exceeds 17 bar. Automatic restart
must not occur.
Choose an RT 19B with external reset. If extra
safety is demanded, an RT 19S with internal max.
reset can be used.
The range is 5 – 25 bar and the differential is fixed
at approx. 1 bar. The range scale must be set at
17 bar. After cut-out of the burner, manual reset
is possible only when the pressure had fallen to
the setting of 17 bar minus the differential: in this
case, 16 bar and below.
Example 3
The min. permissible lubricating oil pressure for a
gear is 3 bar. Reset must not be possible until the
reason for oil pressure failure has been investigated.
Choose an RT 200 with min. reset.
The range value must be set while reading the
range scale. Manual reset is possible only when
the pressure has reached 3.2 bar (the differential
is fixed at 0.2 bar or higher).
Fail-safe function for falling pressure
Fig. 5a shows a cross-section of a bellows
element for the RT 32W with fail-safe function
for falling pressure. On rising pressure the
contact arm is actuated to break the connection
between terminals 1 and 2.
On falling pressure the contact arm is actuated
to break the connection between terminals
1 and 4. If a defect occurs in the bellows the
setting spring actuates the contact arm to break
the connection between terminals 1 and 4, as
in the case of falling pressure. This will occur
irrespective of the pressure on the bellows.
Fig. 5b shows a cross-section through a bellows
element for the RT 30W with fail-safe for rising
pressure. On rising pressure the contact arm
is actuated to break the connection between
terminals 1 and 2 .
If a defect occurs in the inner bellows the
pressure is led to the outer bellows. The outer
bellows has an area three times as large as the
inner bellows. The connection between terminals
1 and 2 becomes broken.
If a defect occurs in the outer bellows, there will
be atmospheric pressure in the gap between the
two bellows. This actuates the contact system to
break the connection between terminals 1 and
2. The important factor with the double bellows
design is the vacuum between the two bellows.
and that in case of bellows break, no media will
leak into the environment.
IC.PD.P10.6B.02 | 520B8146 | 7
Data sheet | Pressure switch, RT
Pressure switches
for liquid level
control RT 113
The RT 113 pressure switch can be used
to control the liquid level in open tanks.
Fig. 6 shows in principle, four different types
of installation.
1. With air bell (see “Accessories”)
For control purpose, the air bell should be
installed 20 – 40 mm below the lowest liquid
level. In addition, the tube between the RT 113
and the air bell must be absolutely airtight. If
only an indication is required, the bell can be
placed 100 mm below the max. level. The RT 113
must be set at 0 cm wg and the differential disc
on 1.
2. Connection to the side of the tank
with the RT 113 above the liquid level
The horizontal tube A must have a certain length
in relation to the vertical tube B in order to
ensure reliable control. The length ofA can be
found from fig. 7, using B and the range setting
pressure C.
3. Connection to the side of the tank
with the RT 113 below the liquid level
Where possible, this form of connection should
be used. If an air-absorbing liquid like oil is
involved, it is preferable to 1 and 2. The resulting
range setting is the distance from the liquid
surface to the centre of the diaphragm housing.
4. Connection in the tank with the RT 113
above the liquid level
This method is for use with air-absorbing liquids
where connection type 3 is not possible. The
shortest horizontal tube length is determined
as described in 2. A shut-off valve is installed
between the oil tank and water reservoir shown
so that impurities can be drained from the water
reservoir through a bottom drain plug. Fresh
water can then be poured into the reservoir
through a filling connector in its top.
RT-L pressure switches are fitted with a switch
with an adjustable neutral zone. This enables the
units to be used for floating control.
The terminology involved is explained below.
Floating control
A form of discontinuous control where the
correcting element (e.g. valve, damper, or similar)
moves towards one extreme position at a rate
independent of the magnitude of the error when
the error exceeds a definit positive value, and
towards the opposite extreme position when the
error exceeds a definite negative value.
Hunting
Periodic variations of the controlled variable
from the fixed reference.
Neutral zone
The interval in the controlled variable in which
the correcting element does not respond
(see fig. 13)
The contact system in neutral zone units cannot
be exchanged, as the contact system adjustment
is adjusted to the other parts of the unit.
Setting of neutral zoneThe range is set using the setting knob (5) fig. 8
while reading the range scale (9). The pressure
set is the break pressure for contacts 1-4
(see fig. 13).
The required neutral zone can be found in the
diagram for the unit concerned. The position
at which the neutral zone disc (40) must be set
can be read from the lower scale in the diagram.
The function can be seen in fig. 13.
Differential
(mechanical differential)
corresponds to the least
neutral zone setting.
The neutral zone. Inlet
pressure
may vary within this interval
without resulting in a make
function 1-2 or 1-4.
RANGE
Example
Together with a VLT® static frequency converter,
RT 200L neutral zone pressure switches can be
used for the infinite control of a pump in, for
example, a pressure boosting plant.
In this case, the pump must be up and
downregulated at 32 m and 25 m wg.
The RT 200L must be set using the setting knob
(5) fig. 8 page 9 at 3.5 bar (35 m wg) minus the
fixed differential of 0.2 bar.
Fig. 14. Test setup for setting the pressure switch.
The range setting is 3.5 - 0.2 = 3.3 bar.
The neutral zone, 35 - 32 = 3 m wg,
corresponding to 0.3 bar, must be set on the
neutral zone disc (40) fig. 8 page 9. According
to the diagram fig. 12 the disc setting is 1 or just
over. A more accurate setting can be obtained by
using the test setup shown in fig. 14.
IC.PD.P10.6B.02 | 520B8146 | 10
Data sheet | Pressure switch, RT
ApplicationControl and monitoring of pressure differentials
A differential pressure switch is a pressure
controlled switch that cuts in and cuts out the
current dependent on the pressure differential
between the counteracting bellows
Setting
elements and the set scale value. This unit is also
available with an adjustable neutral zone (like the
RT-L which is described on page 9.
The setting disc (5) becomes accessible when the
front cover is removed. The differential pressure
is set by turning the disc with a screwdriver while
reading the scale (9).
For differential pressure switches with a
changeover contact system, the contact
differential is given as the differential pressure
switches have a fixed differential. In units with
an adjustable neutral zone, the neutral zone disc
must also be set. See diagram in fig. 16.
Fig. 17. Contact function, setting of falling
differential pressure.
a. Units with changeover switch (SPDT)
If the differential pressure falls below the set
value, contacts 1-2 make and contacts 1-4 break.
Contacts 1-2 break again and contacts 1-4 make
when the differential pressure has risen to the set
range value plus the fixed contact differential.
Range setting
Inlet pressure
Mechanical differential
Differential (mechanical
differential) corresponds
to the least neutral
zone setting.
The neutral zone and inlet
differential pressure may
vary within this interval
without resulting in
a make function 1-2 or 1-4.
Fig. 18. Contact function, setting of neutral zone.
b. Units with adjustable neutral zone (SPDTNP)
If the differential pressure rises above the set
value plus the differential, contacts 1-4 make.
If the pressure falls by the amount of the
differential (which is fixed in this unit), contacts
1-4 break. If the pressure falls to the neutral zone
minus the differential, contacts 1-2 make. When
the differential pressure rises again by an amount
corresponding to the differential, contacts 1-2
break again.
I. Contacts make when differential pressure
falls below the range scale setting.
II. Contacts make when pressure rises above
the range scale setting plus the fixed
mechanical differential.
The contact function can be summed
up as follows:
I. Setting disc set for falling differential pressure.
When the differential pressure exceeds 1.3 bar, a
filter needs cleaning. The static pressure over the
filter is 10 bar.
According to the ordering table on page 4, the
choice is an RT 260A (the RT 262A has a max.
operating pressure on the low pressure side
(LP) of 9 bar and is therefore not suitable for this
application).
Setting: Since a signal is required for rising
differential pressure, the setting becomes
1.3 - 0.3 bar = 1.0 bar.
Example 2
The speed of a circulation pump must be
controlled to give a constant differential pressure
of 10 m wg in a heating plant. The static plant
pressure is 4 bar. The choice is an RT 262AL.
The differential disc (5) fig. 15 page 13, must be
set at 1 bar (10 m wg) minus the fixed differential
of 0.1 bar, i.e. 0.9 bar. The neutral zone disc is
factory-set (marked in red).
For manual reset of unit after contact
changeover on rising pressure
For units with max. reset.
For manual reset of units after contact
changeover on falling pressure.
For units with min. reset.
Alternating current:
AC-1 (ohmic): 10 A, 400 V
AC-3 (inductive): 4 A, 400 V
AC-15: 3 A, 400 V
Blocked rotor: 28 A, 400 V
Direct current:
DC-13: 12 W, 220 V
017-403066
017-404266
017-404166
Single-pole changeover switch (SPDT)
with gold plated (oxide-free) contact surfaces.
Standard
Increases cut-in reliability on alarm
and monitoring systems, etc.
Snap action changeover contacts.
Terminal board proof against leakage current.
Single-pole changeover switch that cuts in two
Cuts in two circuits
simultaneously
circuits simultaneously on rising pressure.
Snap action changeover contacts.
Terminal board proof against leakage current.
With non-snap
action changeover
contacts
1
) At load types with low currents/voltages contact failure may
occure on the silver contacts because of oxidation. In systems
where such a contact failure is of great importance (alarm etc.),
gold plated contacts are recommended.
Contact systems for neutral zone units are not available as
spare parts. Exchange not possible, as the contact system
adjustment is adjusted to the other parts of the unit.
Single-pole changeover with non-snap action
changeover gold plated (oxide-free) contacts.
Alternating current
AC-1 (ohmic): 10 A, 400 V
AC-3 (inductive): 2 A, 400 V
AC-15: 1 A, 400 V
Blocked rotor: 14 A, 400 V
017-424066
Direct current:
DC-13: 12 W, 220 V
Alternating current:
AC-1(ohmic): 10 A, 400 V
AC-3 (inductive): 3 A, 400 V
AC-15: 2 A, 400 V
Blocked rotor: 21 A, 400 V
Direct current:
017-403466
DC-13: 12 W, 220 V
* If current is led through contacts 2 and 4,
i.e. terminals 2 and 4 connected but not 1,
max. permissible load is increased to 90 W,
220 V - - -.
Alternating or direct current:
25 VA, 24 V
017-018166
The switch contacts are shown in the position they assume on falling
pressure/temperature, i.e. after downward movement of the RT main
spindle. The setting pointer of the control shows the scale value at which
contact changeover occurs on falling pressure/temperature. An exception
is switch no. 017-403066 with max. reset where the setting pointer shows
the scale value at which contact changeover occurs on rising pressure.
Switches
VersionSymbolDescriptionContact ratingCode no.
For Alarm application
Alternating current:
AC-1 (ohmic): 10 A, 400 V
AC-3 (inductive): 2 A, 400 V
Full load current: 2 A, 400 V
AC-15: 1 A, 400 V
Blocked rotor: 14A, 400 V
Direct current
DC-13: 12W, 220 V
For control application
max. 100 mA / 30 V CA / CC
mini. 1 mA / 5 V CA / CC
For manual reset of unit after contact
changeover on falling pressure.
Gold plated (oxide-free) contact surfaces
For manual reset of unit after contact
ochangeover on rising pressure.
Gold plated (oxide-free) contact surfaces
Data sheet | Pressure switch, RT
PartDescriptionQty..Code no.
Cover
Covers: Polyamide With window
Colour: Pale grey RAL 7035 Without window
5
5
017-436166
017-436266
Setting knobReplacement Pale grey Ral 7035 30017-436366
Seal cap
Seal cap to replace setting knob so that Black
Setting can only be altered with tools
20017-436066
Seal screws
for cover and
1+1017-425166
seal cap
Clamping band
Conncetor with
nipple
For all RT pressure switches with damping c
oil or other longer connections L= 392 mm
Pipe thread ISO 228/1, G
3
/
connector, nipple and AL
8
washer (10 mm ext. 6.5 mm int. diam.) for welding or brazing
on to steel or copper tubing
10017-420466
5017-436866
Connector7/16 - 20 UNF connector for ¼ copper tube, brass, span of jaws 1610011L1101
ReducerPipe thread ISO 228/1, G ½ A × G
3
/
, steel, span of jaws 22 1017-421966
8
Adaptor
Adaptor
Adaptor
Pipe thread ISO 228/1, G
brass, span of jaws 22
Pipe thread ISO 228/1, G
brass, span of jaws 22
Pipe thread ISO 228/1, G
brass, span of jaws 22
AdaptorPipe thread ISO 228/1, G
AdaptorPipe thread ISO 228/1, G
Damping coil
Damping coil
Armoured
damping coil
0.50 m
1.00 m
1.50 m
2.00 m
Damping coil with 7/16 - 20 UNF connectors. Reducer code no.
017-420566 is necessary if the damping coil is to be used with RT units
having a pipe thread ISO 228/1, G
several lengths of capillary tubes are available. Please contact Danfoss.
Pipe thread ISO 228/1, damping coils with G
copper capillary tube. Standard washers are supplied.
Pipe thread ISO 228/1, damping coil with G
copper capillary tube. Standard washers are supplied.
3
3
/
×
/
- 27 NPT with copper washer,
8
8
3
/
A × ¼ - 18 NPT with copper washer,
8
3
/
× ¼ - 18 NPT with copper washer,
8
3
/
A - G ¼ A, brass, span of jaws 17 1060-324066
8
3
/
A × R3/8 (ISO 7/1) brass, span of jaws 17 1060-324166
Air bell, 62 mm diam. ext. × 204 mm length. Pipe thread ISO 228/1,
3
G
/
connector and nipple (10 mm o.d./ 6.5 mm i.d.) for welding or
8
brazing on to steel or copper tubing. The air bell is of brass CuZn 37,
W.no. 2.0321.
1017-401366
IC.PD.P10.6B.02 | 520B8146 | 15
Data sheet | Pressure switch, RT
Installation
RT units have two mounting holes which
become accessible when the front cover is
removed. Units fitted with switch 017-018166 *)
must be installed with the setting knob upwards.
When installing differential pressure switches,
the low pressure side (marked LP) must be
installed upwards.
The other pressure switches in the RT series can
be installed in any position, expect that on plant
subjected to severe vibrations it is advantageous
to have the screwed cable entry downwards.
*) Contact system with snap-action contact.
See spare parts and accessories, page 13.
Fig. 1. Positioning of unit.
Pressure connection
When fitting or removing pressure lines, the
spanner flats on the pressure connection should
be used to apply counter-torque.
Steam plant
To protect the pressure element against
temperature in excess to the maximum
temperature of the medium 150 °C (RT 113 90 °C),
the insertion of water-filled loop is
recommended.
Water systems
Water in the pressure element is not harmful, but
if frost is likely to occur a water-filled pressure
element may burst. To prevent this happening,
the pressure control can be allowed to operate
on an air cushion.
Media resistance
See table of materials in contact with the
medium. If seawater is involved, diaphragm
pressure switches types KPS 43, KPS 45 and
KPS 47 are recommended.
Pulsations
The pressure switch must be connected in such
a way that the pressure element is affected
by pulsations as little as possible. A damping
coil can be inserted (see “Accessories”). With
strongly pulsating media, diaphragm pressure
switches types KPS 43, KPS 45 and KPS 47 can be
advantageous.
Setting
The range is set by using the setting knob (5)
while at the same time reading the scale (9).
Tools must be used to set pressure switches
fitted with a seal cap.
In units having a fixed differential, the difference
between cut-in and cut-out pressures is of course
determined. On units having an adjustable
differential the front cover must be removed. The
differential disc (19) must be set in accordance
with the diaphragm.
To ensure that the plant functions properly,
a suitable differential pressure is necessary.
Too small a differential will give rise to short
running periods with a risk of hunting. Too
high a differential will result in large pressure
oscillations.