Danfoss Electronics FC 51 Design Guide

MAKING MODERN LIVING POSSIBLE

Design Guide

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

Contents

Contents

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

1 Introduction

1.1 Available Literature

1.2 Document and Software Version

1.3 Abbreviations

1.4 Definitions

1.5 Power Factor

2 Safety and Conformity

2.1 Safety

2.2 Disposal Instruction

2.3 Approvals

2.4 CE Labeling

2.5 Aggressive Environments

2.6 Vibration and Shock

2.7 Advantages

3 Product Overview

3.1 Control Structures

5
5
5
5
6
8

9

9
10
10
10
11
12
12

18
18

3.1.1 Control Structure Open Loop 18

3.1.2 Local (Hand On) and Remote (Auto On) Control 18

3.1.3 Control Structure Closed Loop 19

3.1.4 Reference Handling 20

3.2 General Aspects of EMC

3.2.1 Emission Requirements 22

3.3 Galvanic Isolation (PELV)

3.4 Earth Leakage Current

3.5 Extreme Running Conditions

3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection 25

4 Selection

4.1 Options and Accessories

4.1.1 Local Control Panel (LCP) 26

4.1.2 Remote Mounting Kit for LCP 26

4.1.3 FC 51 LCP Mounting Instruction 27

4.1.4 FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction 27

4.1.5 IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit 29

21

23
24
24

26
26

4.1.6 Type 1 (NEMA) 29

4.1.7 De-Coupling 29

4.1.8 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M1, M2 and M3 30

4.1.9 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5 30

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.10 FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction 31

4.1.11 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M1 and M2 32

4.1.12 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M3 32

4.1.13 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5 33

4.1.14 FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting Instruction 34

4.1.15 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation Instructions 34

4.1.16 Mounting 35

4.1.17 Wiring 35

4.1.18 Dimensions 36

4.2 Special Conditions

4.2.1 Purpose of Derating 37

4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature 37

4.2.3 Derating for Low Air Pressure 38

4.2.4 Automatic Adaptations to Ensure Performance 38

4.2.5 Derating for Running at Low Speed 38

5 How to Order

5.1 Drive Configurator

5.2 FC Identification

5.3 Type Code

5.4 Ordering Numbers

5.5 Options

6 How to Install

6.1 Before Starting

6.2 Side-by-Side Installation

6.3 Before Commencing Repair Work

37

39
39
39
40
41
41

43
43
43
43

6.4 Mechanical Dimensions

6.5 Electrical Installation in General

6.6 Fuses

6.7 Mains Connection

6.8 Motor Connection

6.9 Use of EMC-Correct Cables

6.10 Earthing of Screened/Armoured Control Cables

6.11 Residual Current Device

6.12 Electrical Overview

6.12.1 Power Circuit - Overview 51

6.13 Electrical Installation and Control Cables

6.14 Control Terminals

6.14.1 Access to Control Terminals 52

6.14.2 Connecting to Control Terminals 53

2 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

44
44
45
46
46
49
50
50
51

52
52

Contents

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.15 Switches

6.16 Final Set-Up and Test

6.17 Parallel Connection of Motors

6.18 Motor Installation

6.19 Installation of Misc. Connections

6.20 Safety

6.20.1 High Voltage Test 57

6.20.2 Safety Earth Connection 57

7 Programming

7.1 How to Programme

7.1.1 Programming with MCT 10 Set-up Software 58

7.1.2 Programming with the LCP 11 or LCP 12 58

7.2 Status Menu

7.3 Quick Menu

7.4 Quick Menu Parameters

7.5 Main Menu

7.6 Quick Transfer of Parameter Settings between Multiple Frequency Converters

53
53
55
56
56
57

58
58

59
59
60
63
63

7.7 Read-out and Programming of Indexed Parameters

7.8 Initialise the Frequency Converter to Default Settings in two Ways

8 RS-485 Installation and Set-up

8.1 RS-485 Installation and Set-up

8.1.1 Overview 65

8.1.2 Network Connection 65

8.1.3 Frequency Converter Hardware Set-up 65

8.1.4 EMC Precautions 66

8.2 FC Protocol Overview

8.3 Network Configuration

8.4 FC Protocol Message Framing Structure

8.4.1 Content of a Character (byte) 67

8.4.2 Telegram Structure 67

8.4.3 Telegram Length (LGE) 67

8.4.4 Frequency Converter Address (ADR) 68

8.4.5 Data Control Byte (BCC) 68

8.4.6 The Data Field 68

63
64

65
65

66
67
67

8.4.7 The PKE Field 69

8.4.8 Parameter Number (PNU) 69

8.4.9 Index (IND) 69

8.4.10 Parameter Value (PWE) 69

8.4.11 Data Types Supported by the Frequency Converter 70

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4.12 Conversion 70

8.5 Examples

8.6 Modbus RTU Overview

8.6.1 Assumptions 71

8.6.2 What the User Should Already Know 71

8.6.3 Modbus RTU Overview 71

8.6.4 Frequency Converter with Modbus RTU 72

8.7 Network Configuration

8.8 Modbus RTU Message Framing Structure

8.8.1 Frequency Converter with Modbus RTU 72

8.8.2 Modbus RTU Message Structure 72

8.8.3 Start/Stop Field 73

8.8.4 Address Field 73

8.8.6 Data Field 73

8.8.7 CRC Check Field 73

8.8.8 Coil Register Addressing 73

8.8.9 How to Control the Frequency Converter 75

8.8.10 Function Codes Supported by Modbus RTU 75

70
71

72
72

8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes 76

8.9 How to Access Parameters

8.9.1 Parameter Handling 76

8.9.2 Storage of Data 76

8.9.3 IND (Index) 76

8.9.4 Text Blocks 76

8.9.6 Parameter Values 76

8.10 Examples

8.10.1 Read Coil Status (01 hex) 77

8.10.2 Force/Write Single Coil (05 hex) 77

8.10.3 Force/Write Multiple Coils (0F hex) 78

8.10.4 Read Holding Registers (03 hex) 78

8.10.5 Preset Single Register (06 hex) 78

8.10.6 Preset Multiple Registers (10 hex) 79

8.11 FC Drive Control Profile

8.11.1 Control Word According to FC Profile (8-10 Protocol = FC profile) 79

8.11.2 Status Word According to FC Profile (STW) (8-30 Protocol = FC profile) 81

76

77

79

8.11.3 Bus Speed Reference Value 82

9 Specifications

Index

4 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

83

89

Introduction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

1 Introduction

1.1 Available Literature

NOTICE

This design guide contains the basic information
necessary
converter.

Danfoss technical literature is available in print from local
Danfoss

BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/Documentations

1.2 Document and Software Version

This manual is regularly reviewed and updated. All
suggestions
the document version and the corresponding software
version.

Edition Remarks Software Version

MG02K3XX Replaces MG02K2XX 3.1X

Table 1.1 Document and Software Version

for installing and running the frequency

Sales Offices or online at: www.danfoss.com/

VLT Micro Drive FC 51 Quick Guide, MG02B

•

VLT Micro Drive FC 51 Programming Guide, MG02C

•

FC 51 LCP Mounting Instruction, MI02A

•

FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction,

•

MI02B
FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction,

•

MI02C
FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting Instruction, MI02D

•

FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction, MI02E

•

FC 51 Nema1 Kit Mounting Instruction, MI02F

•

FC 51 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation Instruction,

•

MI02U

for improvement are welcome. Table 1.1 shows

1.3 Abbreviations

°C
A Ampere/AMP
AC Alternating current
AMT Automatic Motor Tuning
AWG American wire gauge
DC Direct current
EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility
ETR Electronic Thermal Relay
FC Frequency Converter
f

M,N

g Gram
Hz Hertz
I

INV

I

LIM

I

M,N

I

VLT,MAX

I

VLT,N

kHz Kilohertz
LCP Local Control Panel
m Meter
mA Milliampere
MCT Motion Control Tool
mH Millihenry Inductance
min Minute
ms Millisecond
nF Nanofarad
Nm Newton Meters
n

s

P

M,N

PCB Printed Circuit Board
PELV Protective Extra Low Voltage
RPM Revolutions Per Minute
Regen Regenerative terminals
s Second
T

LIM

U

M,N

V Volts

Degrees Celsius

Nominal motor frequency

Rated Inverter Output Current
Current limit
Nominal motor current
The maximum output current
The rated output current supplied by the
frequency

Synchronous Motor Speed
Nominal motor power

Torque limit
Nominal motor voltage

converter

1 1

Table 1.2 Abbreviations

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 5

175ZA078.10

Pull-out

rpm

Torque

Introduction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

11

1.4 Definitions

Break-away torque

1.4.1 Frequency Converter

I

VLT,MAX

maximum output current.

The

I

VLT,N

The rated output current supplied by the frequency
converter.

U

VLT, MAX

The maximum output voltage.

1.4.2 Input

Control command

connected motor can be started and stopped with LCP

The
and the digital inputs.
Functions are divided into 2 groups.
Functions in group 1 have higher priority than functions in
group 2.

Group 1 Reset, Coasting stop, Reset and Coasting stop,

Quick-stop, DC braking, Stop and the [Off] key.

Group 2 Start, Pulse start, Reversing, Start reversing, Jog

Freeze output

and

Table 1.3 Function Groups

Illustration 1.1 Break-away Torque

η

VLT

efficiency of the frequency converter is defined as the

The
ratio between the power output and the power input.

Start-disable command

A stop command belonging to the group 1 control
commands, see Table 1.3.

Stop command

See Control commands.

1.4.3 Motor

f

JOG

The

motor frequency when the jog function is activated

(via digital terminals).

f

M

The motor frequency.

f

MAX

The maximum motor frequency.

f

MIN

The minimum motor frequency.

f

M,N

The rated motor frequency (nameplate data).

I

M

The motor current.

I

M,N

The rated motor current (nameplate data).

n

M,N

The rated motor speed (nameplate data).

P

M,N

The rated motor power (nameplate data).

U

M

The instantaneous motor voltage.

U

M,N

The rated motor voltage (nameplate data).

1.4.4 References

Analog Reference

signal transmitted to the analog inputs 53 or 54, can be

A
voltage or current.

Bus Reference

A signal transmitted to the serial communication port (FC
port).

Preset Reference

A defined preset reference to be set from -100% to +100%
of the reference range. Selection of 8 preset references via
the digital terminals.

Ref

MAX

Determines the relationship between the reference input
at 100% full scale value (typically 10 V, 20 mA) and the
resulting reference. The maximum reference value set in
3-03 Maximum Reference.

Ref

MIN

Determines the relationship between the reference input
at 0% value (typically 0 V, 0 mA, 4 mA) and the resulting
reference. The minimum reference value set in

3-02 Minimum Reference

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Introduction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

1.4.5 Miscellaneous

Analog Inputs

analog inputs are used for controlling various

The
functions of the frequency converter.
There are 2 types of analog inputs:

Current input, 0-20 mA and 4-20 mA

•

Voltage input, 0-10 V DC.

•

Analog Outputs

The analog outputs can supply a signal of 0-20 mA, 4-20
mA, or a digital signal.

Automatic Motor Tuning, AMT

AMT algorithm determines the electrical parameters for the
connected motor at standstill.

Brake Resistor

The brake resistor is a module capable of absorbing the
brake power generated in regenerative braking. This
regenerative braking power increases the intermediate
circuit voltage and a brake chopper ensures that the
power is transmitted to the brake resistor.

CT Characteristics

Constant torque characteristics used for all applications
such as conveyor belts, displacement pumps and cranes.

Digital Inputs

The digital inputs can be used for controlling various
functions of the frequency converter.

Relay Outputs

The frequency converter features two programmable Relay
Outputs.

ETR

Electronic Thermal Relay is a thermal load calculation
based on present load and time. Its purpose is to estimate
the motor temperature.

Initialising

If initialising is carried out (14-22 Operation Mode), the
programmable parameters of the frequency converter
return to their default settings.
Initialising 14-22 Operation Mode does not initialise
communication parameters.

Intermittent Duty Cycle

An intermittent duty rating refers to a sequence of duty
cycles. Each cycle consists of an on-load and an off-load
period. The operation can be either periodic duty or none­periodic duty.

LCP

The Local Control Panel makes up a complete interface for
control and programming of the frequency converter. The
control panel is detachable and can be installed up to 3 m
from the frequency converter, that is, in a front panel with
the installation kit option.

lsb

Least significant bit.

MCM

for Mille Circular Mil, an American measuring unit for

Short
cable cross-section. 1 MCM ≡ 0.5067 mm2.

msb

Most significant bit.

On-line/Off-line Parameters

Changes to on-line parameters are activated immediately
after the data value is changed. Changes to off-line
parameters are not activated until pressing [OK].

PI Controller

The PI controller maintains the desired speed, pressure,
temperature, etc. by adjusting the output frequency to
match the varying load.

RCD

Residual Current Device.

Set-up

Save parameter settings in 2 set-ups. Change between the
2 parameter set-ups and edit one set-up, while another
set-up is active.

Slip Compensation

The frequency converter compensates for the motor slip
by giving the frequency a supplement that follows the
measured motor load keeping the motor speed almost
constant.

Smart Logic Control (SLC)

The SLC is a sequence of user-defined actions executed
when the associated user-defined events are evaluated as
true by the SLC.

Thermistor

A temperature-dependent resistor placed where the
temperature is to be monitored (frequency converter or
motor).

STW

Status Word.

FC Standard Bus

Includes RS 485 bus with FC protocol. See 8-30 Protocol.

Trip

A state entered in fault situations, e.g. if the frequency
converter is subject to an over-temperature or when the
frequency converter is protecting the motor, process or
mechanism. Restart is prevented until the cause of the
fault has disappeared and the trip state is canceled by
activating reset or, in some cases, by being programmed
to reset automatically. Trip may not be used for personal
safety.

1 1

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Introduction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

11

Trip Locked

state entered in fault situations when the frequency

A
converter is protecting itself and requiring physical
intervention, for example, if the frequency converter is
subject to a short circuit on the output. A locked trip can
only be canceled by cutting off mains, removing the cause
of the fault, and reconnecting the frequency converter.
Restart is prevented until the trip state is canceled by
activating reset or, in some cases, by being programmed
to reset automatically. Trip locked may not be used for
personal safety.

VT Characteristics

Variable torque characteristics used for pumps and fans.

plus

VVC

If compared with standard voltage/frequency ratio control,
Voltage Vector Control (VVC

plus

) improves the dynamics
and the stability, both when the speed reference is
changed and in relation to the load torque.

1.5 Power Factor

The power factor is the relation between I1

× U ×

I

3

1 ×

COS

Power factor

=

3 ×

ϕ

U

×

I

RMS

The power factor for 3-phase control:

and I

RMS

.

I

cos

ϕ1

×

1

=

I

1

=

since cos

I

I

RMS

RMS

ϕ1 =1

The power factor indicates to which extent the frequency
converter
The lower the power factor, the higher the I

imposes a load on the mains supply.

RMS

for the

same kW performance.

2

2

2

I

RMS

=

I

+

I

+

1

5

I

+ . . +

7

2

I

n

In addition, a high-power factor indicates that the different
harmonic

currents are low.

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Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

2 Safety and Conformity

2.1 Safety

The following symbols are used in this document:

WARNING

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which could

in death or serious injury.

result

CAUTION

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which could

in minor or moderate injury. It may also be used

result
to alert against unsafe practices.

NOTICE

Indicates important information, including situations that
may

result in damage to equipment or property.

WARNING

DISCHARGE TIME

The

frequency converter contains DC-link capacitors,
which can remain charged even when the frequency
converter is not powered. Failure to wait the specified
time after power has been removed before performing
service or repair work, could result in death or serious
injury.

1. Stop motor.

2. Disconnect AC mains, permanent magnet type
motors, and remote DC-link power supplies,
including battery back-ups, UPS, and DC-link
connections to other frequency converters.

3. Wait for the capacitors to discharge fully, before
performing any service or repair work. The
duration of waiting time is specified in
Table 2.1.

2 2

2.1.1 Safety Precautions

WARNING

HIGH VOLTAGE

Frequency
connected to AC mains input power. Failure to perform
installation, start-up, and maintenance by qualified
personnel could result in death or serious injury.

converters contain high voltage when

Installation, start-up, and maintenance must be

•

performed by qualified personnel only.

WARNING

UNINTENDED START

When

the frequency converter is connected to AC mains,
the motor may start at any time, causing risk of death,
serious injury, equipment, or property damage. The
motor can start by means of an external switch, a serial
bus command, an input reference signal from the LCP or
LOP, via remote operation using MCT 10 software, or
after a cleared fault condition.

Disconnect the frequency converter from mains

•

whenever personal safety considerations make
it necessary to avoid unintended motor start.

Press [Off/Reset] on the LCP, before

•

programming parameters.
The frequency converter, motor, and any driven

•

equipment must be in operational readiness
when the frequency converter is connected to
AC mains.

Size Minimum waiting time (min)

M1, M2 and M3 4

M4 and M5 15

Table 2.1 Discharge Time

WARNING

LEAKAGE CURRENT HAZARD

Leakage
frequency converter properly could result in death or
serious injury.

currents exceed 3.5 mA. Failure to ground the

Ensure correct grounding of the equipment by

•

a certified electrical installer.

WARNING

EQUIPMENT HAZARD

Contact
can result in death or serious injury.

with rotating shafts and electrical equipment

Ensure that only trained and qualified

•

personnel perform installation, start up, and
maintenance.

Ensure that electrical work conforms to national

•

and local electrical codes.
Follow the procedures in this manual.

•

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 9

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

CAUTION

WINDMILLING

22

Unintended
causes risk of personal injury and equipment damage.

•

rotation of permanent magnet motors

Ensure that permanent magnet motors are
blocked to prevent unintended rotation.

CAUTION

POTENTIAL HAZARD IN THE EVENT OF INTERNAL
FAILURE

of personal injury when the frequency converter is

Risk
not properly closed.

Before applying power, ensure all safety covers

•

are in place and securely fastened.

2.2 Disposal Instruction

Equipment containing electrical
components may not be disposed of
together with domestic waste.
It must be separately collected with
electrical and electronic waste according
to local and currently valid legislation.

2.3 Approvals

information on safety aspects relating to the frequency
converter.
declaration.

The low-voltage directive (73/23/EEC)

Frequency converters must be CE labeled in accordance
with the low-voltage directive of January 1, 1997. The
directive applies to all electrical equipment and appliances
used in the 50-1000 V AC and the 75-1500 V DC voltage
ranges. Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive
and issues a declaration of conformity upon request.

The EMC directive (89/336/EEC)

EMC is short for electromagnetic compatibility. The
presence of electromagnetic compatibility means that the
mutual interference between different components/
appliances does not affect the way the appliances work.
The EMC directive came into effect January 1, 1996.
Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive and
issues a declaration of conformity upon request. To carry
out EMC-correct installation, see the instructions in this
Design Guide. In addition, Danfoss specifies which
standards our products comply with. Danfoss offers the
filters presented in the specifications and provide other
types of assistance to ensure the optimum EMC result.

The frequency converter is most often used by profes­sionals of the trade as a complex component forming part
of a larger appliance, system or installation. Not that the
responsibility for the final EMC properties of the appliance,
system or installation rests with the installer.

Danfoss do this by means of a manufacturer's

Table 2.2 Approvals

The

frequency converter complies with UL508C thermal

memory retention requirements. For more information
refer to chapter 3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection.

2.4 CE Labeling

2.4.1 CE Conformity and Labeling

What is CE Conformity and Labeling?

The

purpose of CE labeling is to avoid technical trade
obstacles within EFTA and the EU. The EU has introduced
the CE label as a simple way of showing whether a
product complies with the relevant EU directives. The CE
label says nothing about the specifications or quality of
the product. Frequency converters are regulated by 3 EU
directives:

The machinery directive (98/37/EEC)

All machines with critical moving parts are covered by the
machinery directive of January 1, 1995. Since a frequency
converter is largely electrical, it does not fall under the
machinery directive. However, if a frequency converter is
supplied for use in a machine, Danfoss provides

2.4.2 What is Covered

The EU "Guidelines on the Application of Council Directive
89/336/EEC" outline three typical situations of using a
frequency converter. See chapter 2.4.3 Danfoss Frequency
Converter and CE Labeling for EMC coverage and CE
labeling.

1. The frequency converter is sold directly to the
end-consumer. The frequency converter is for
example sold to a DIY market. The end-consumer
is a layman. He installs the frequency converter
himself for use with a hobby machine, a kitchen
appliance, etc. For such applications, the
frequency converter must be CE labeled in
accordance with the EMC directive.

2. The frequency converter is sold for installation in
a plant. The plant is built up by professionals of
the trade. It could be a production plant or a
heating/ventilation plant designed and installed
by professionals of the trade. Neither the
frequency converter nor the finished plant has to
be CE labeled under the EMC directive. However,
the unit must comply with the basic EMC
requirements of the directive. This is ensured by

10 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

using components, appliances, and systems that

CE labeled under the EMC directive.

are

3. The frequency converter is sold as part of a
complete system. The system is being marketed
as complete and could for example, be an air­conditioning system. The complete system must
be CE labeled in accordance with the EMC
directive. The manufacturer can ensure CE
labeling under the EMC directive either by using
CE labeled components or by testing the EMC of
the system. If only CE labeled components are
chosen, the entire system does not have to be
tested.

2.4.3 Danfoss Frequency Converter and CE
Labeling

CE labeling is a positive feature when used for its original
purpose,

However, CE labeling may cover many different specifi­cations. Check what a given CE label specifically covers.

The covered specifications can be very different and a CE
label may therefore give the installer a false feeling of
security when using a frequency converter as a component
in a system or an appliance.

Danfoss CE labels the frequency converters in accordance
with the low-voltage directive. This means that if the
frequency converter is installed correctly, Danfoss
guarantees compliance with the low-voltage directive.
Danfoss issues a declaration of conformity that confirms
our CE labeling in accordance with the low-voltage
directive.

The CE label also applies to the EMC directive provided
that the instructions for EMC-correct installation and
filtering are followed. On this basis, a declaration of
conformity in accordance with the EMC directive is issued.

The Design Guide offers detailed instructions for instal­lation to ensure EMC-correct installation. Furthermore,
Danfoss specifies which our different products comply
with.

that is, to facilitate trade within the EU and EFTA.

2.4.4 Compliance with EMC Directive
89/336/EEC

As mentioned, the frequency converter is mostly used by
professionals
forming part of a larger appliance, system, or installation.
Not that the responsibility for the final EMC properties of
the appliance, system or installation rests with the installer.
As an aid to the installer, Danfoss has prepared EMC instal­lation guidelines for the Power Drive system. The standards
and test levels stated for Power Drive systems are
complied with, if the EMC-correct instructions for instal­lation are followed.

The frequency converter has been designed to meet the
IEC/EN 60068-2-3 standard, EN 50178 9.4.2.2 at 50 °C.

of the trade as a complex component

2.5 Aggressive Environments

A frequency converter contains many mechanical and
electronic
to environmental effects.

components. All are to some extent vulnerable

CAUTION

The frequency converter should not be installed in
environments
capable of affecting and damaging the electronic
components. Failure to take the necessary protective
measures increases the risk of stoppages, thus reducing
the life of the frequency converter.

Liquids can be carried through the air and condense in the
frequency
components and metal parts. Steam, oil, and salt water
may cause corrosion of components and metal parts. In
such environments, use equipment with enclosure rating
IP54. As an extra protection, coated printed circuit boards
can be ordered as an option. (Standard on some power
sizes.)

Airborne particles such as dust may cause mechanical,
electrical, or thermal failure in the frequency converter. A
typical indicator of excessive levels of airborne particles is
dust particles around the frequency converter fan. In dusty
environments, use equipment with enclosure rating IP54 or
a cabinet for IP20/TYPE 1 equipment.

with airborne liquids, particles, or gases

converter and may cause corrosion of

2 2

Danfoss provides other types of assistance that can help to
obtain the best EMC result.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 11

In environments with high temperatures and humidity,
corrosive gases such as sulphur, nitrogen, and chlorine
compounds causes chemical processes on the frequency
converter components.

Such chemical reactions rapidly affects and damages the
electronic components. In such environments, mount the
equipment in a cabinet with fresh air ventilation, keeping
aggressive gases away from the frequency converter.

SYSTEM CURVE

FAN CURVE

PRESSURE%

130BA780.10

A

B

C

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

VOLUME%

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

120

100

80

60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Voume %

Voume %

INPUT POWER % PRESSURE %

SYSTEM CURVE

FAN CURVE

A

B

C

130BA781.10

ENERGY
CONSUMED

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

An extra protection in such areas is a coating of the

circuit boards, which can be ordered as an option.

printed

2.7.2 The Clear Advantage - Energy Savings

The clear advantage of using a frequency converter for

22

NOTICE

Mounting frequency converters in aggressive
environments

increases the risk of stoppages and consid-

erably reduces the life of the frequency converter.

controlling
electricity savings.
When comparing with alternative control systems and
technologies, a frequency converter is the optimum energy
control system for controlling fan and pump systems.

the speed of fans or pumps lies in the

Before installing the frequency converter, check the
ambient

air for liquids, particles, and gases. This is done by
observing existing installations in this environment. Typical
indicators of harmful airborne liquids are water or oil on
metal parts, or corrosion of metal parts.

Excessive dust particle levels are often found on instal­lation cabinets and existing electrical installations. One
indicator of aggressive airborne gases is blackening of
copper rails and cable ends on existing installations.

2.6 Vibration and Shock

The frequency converter has been tested according to the
procedure

based on the shown standards, Table 2.3

Vibration and shock

Illustration 2.1 Fan Curves (A, B, and C) for Reduced Fan
Volumes

The frequency converter complies with requirements that
exist for units mounted on the walls and floors of
production premises, as well as in panels bolted to walls or
floors.

IEC/EN 60068-2-6 Vibration (sinusoidal) - 1970
IEC/EN 60068-2-64 Vibration, broad-band random

Table 2.3 Standards

2.7 Advantages

2.7.1 Why use a Frequency Converter for

Controlling

A frequency converter takes advantage of the fact that
centrifugal
tionality for such fans and pumps. For further information
see chapter 2.7.3 Example of Energy Savings.

fans and pumps follow the laws of propor-

Fans and Pumps?

12 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Illustration 2.2 When using a frequency converter to reduce

capacity to 60% - more than 50% energy savings may be

fan
obtained in typical applications.

n

100%

50%

25%

12,5%

50% 100%

80%

80%

175HA208.10

Power ~n

3

Pressure ~n

2

Flow ~n

130BA782.10

Discharge
damper

Less energy savings

IGV

Costlier installation

Maximum energy savings

130BA779.11

0 60 0 60 0 60

0

20

40

60

80

100

Discharge Damper Solution

IGV Solution

VLT Solution

Energy consumed

Energy consumed

Energy consumed

Input power %

Volume %

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

2.7.3 Example of Energy Savings

As shown in Illustration
changing the RPM. By reducing the speed only 20% from
the rated speed, the flow is also reduced by 20%. This is
because the flow is directly proportional to the RPM. The
consumption of electricity, however, is reduced by 50%.
If the system in question only needs to be able to supply a
flow that corresponds to 100% a few days in a year, while
the average is below 80% of the rated flow for the
remainder of the year, the amount of energy saved is even
more than 50%.

Illustration 2.3 describes the dependence of flow, pressure
and power consumption on RPM.

2.3, the flow is controlled by

Illustration 2.5

shows typical energy savings obtainable
with 3 well-known solutions when fan volume is reduced
to i.e. 60%.
As the graph shows, more than 50% energy savings can be
achieved in typical applications.

2 2

Illustration 2.3 Laws of Proportionally

Q

n

1

1

:

:

=

Q

n

2

2

:

H
H

P

1

=

P

2

2

n

1

1

=

n

2

2

3

n

1

n

2

Flow

Pressure

Power

Q=Flow P=Power
Q1=Rated

flow P1=Rated power
Q2=Reduced flow P2=Reduced power
H=Pressure n=Speed regulation
H1=Rated
H2=Reduced

pressure n1=Rated speed

pressure n2=Reduced speed

Table 2.4 The Laws of Proportionality

2.7.4 Comparison of Energy Savings

The Danfoss frequency converter solution offers major
savings

compared with traditional energy saving solutions.
This is because the frequency converter is able to control
fan speed according to thermal load on the system and
the fact that the frequency converter has a built-in facility
that enables the frequency converter to function as a
Building Management System, BMS.

Illustration 2.4 The 3 Common Energy Saving Systems

Illustration 2.5 Energy Savings

Discharge dampers reduce power consumption. Inlet Guide

offer a 40% reduction, but are expensive to install.

Vans
The Danfoss frequency converter solution reduces energy
consumption with more than 50% and is easy to install.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 13

175HA209.11

60

50

40

30

20

10

H

s

0 100 200 300 400

(mwg)

B

C

A

750rpm

1050rpm

1350rpm

1650rpm

0

10

20

30

(kW)

40

50

60

200100 300

(

m3 /h

)

(

m3 /h

)

400

750rpm

1050rpm

1350rpm

1650rpm

P

shaft

C

1

B

1

A

1

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

2.7.5 Example with Varying Flow over 1

Year

22

This example is calculated based on pump characteristics
obtained

from a pump datasheet.
The result obtained shows energy savings in excess of 50%
at the given flow distribution over a year. The pay back
period depends on the price per kWh and price of
frequency converter. In this example it is less than a year
when compared with valves and constant speed.

Energy savings

P

shaft=Pshaft output

Illustration 2.6 Flow Distribution over 1 Year

Illustration 2.7 Energy

Distri-

m3/

bution

h

% Hours Power Consump-

A1

Valve regulation Frequency converter

control

Power Consump-

- B

1

tion

kWh A1 - C

tion

kWh

1

350 5 438 42.5 18.615 42.5 18.615
300 15 1314 38.5 50.589 29.0 38.106
250 20 1752 35.0 61.320 18.5 32.412
200 20 1752 31.5 55.188 11.5 20.148
150 20 1752 28.0 49.056 6.5 11.388
100 20 1752 23.0 40.296 3.5 6.132

100 8760 275.064 26.801

Σ

Table 2.5 Result

14 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Full load

% Full load current

& speed

500

100

0

0 12,5 25 37,5 50Hz

200

300

400

600

700

800

4

3

2

1

175HA227.10

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

2.7.6 Better Control

If a frequency converter is used for controlling the flow or
pressure

of a system, improved control is obtained.
A frequency converter can vary the speed of the fan or
pump, obtaining variable control of flow and pressure.
Furthermore, a frequency converter can quickly adapt the
speed of the fan or pump to new flow or pressure
conditions in the system.
Simple control of process (Flow, Level or Pressure) utilising
the built-in PI control.

2.7.7 Star/Delta Starter or Soft-starter not

Required

When larger motors are started, it is necessary in many
countries
In more traditional systems, a star/delta starter or soft­starter is widely used. Such motor starters are not required
if a frequency converter is used.

As illustrated in Illustration 2.8, a frequency converter does
not consume more than rated current.

to use equipment that limits the start-up current.

2.7.8 Using a Frequency Converter Saves
Money

Example chapter
that a lot of equipment is not required when a frequency
converter is used. It is possible to calculate the cost of
installing the 2 different systems. In the example, the 2
systems can be established at roughly the same price.

2.7.9 Without a Frequency Converter shows

2 2

1
2 Star/delta starter
3 Soft-starter
4 Start directly on mains

Illustration 2.8 Current

VLT®

Micro Drive

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 15

M

- +

M

M

x6 x6

x6

175HA205.12

Valve
posi­tion

Starter

Fuses

LV

supply

P.F.C

Flow

3-Port
valve

Bypass

Return

Control

Supply
air

V.A.V

outlets

Duct

P.F.C

Mains

Fuses

Starter

Bypass

supply

LV

Return

valve

3-Port

Flow

Control

Valve
posi­tion

Starter

Power
Factor
Correction

Mains

IGV

Mechanical
linkage
and vanes

Fan

Motor
or
actuator

Main
B.M.S

Local
D.D.C.
control

Sensors
PT

Pressure
control
signal
0/10V

Temperature
control
signal
0/10V

Control

Mains

Cooling section Heating section

Fan sectionInlet guide vane

Pump Pump

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

2.7.9 Without a Frequency Converter

22

D.D.C. Direct Digital Control
E.M.S. Energy Management system
V.A.V. Variable Air Volume
Sensor P Pressure
Sensor T Temperature

Table 2.6 Abbreviations used in Illustration 2.9

Illustration 2.9 Traditional Fan System

16 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

175HA206.11

Pump

Flow

Return

Supply
air

V.A.V
outlets

Duct

Mains

Pump

Return

Flow

Mains

Fan

Main
B.M.S

Local
D.D.C.
control

Sensors

Mains

Cooling section Heating section

Fan section

Pressure
control
0-10V
or
0/4-20mA

Control
temperature
0-10V
or
0/4-20mA

Control
temperature
0-10V
or
0/4-20mA

VLT

M

- +

VLT

M

M

PT

VLT

x3 x3

x3

Safety and Conformity

2.7.10 With a Frequency Converter

D.D.C. Direct Digital Control
E.M.S. Energy Management system
V.A.V. Variable Air Volume
Sensor P Pressure
Sensor T Temperature

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

2 2

Table 2.7 Abbreviations used in Illustration

2.10

Illustration 2.10 Fan System Controlled by Frequency
Converters

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 17

130BB892.10

100%

0%

-100%

100%

Local
reference
scaled to
Hz

Auto mode

Hand mode

LCP Hand on,
off and auto
on keys

Local

Remote

Reference

Ramp

P 4-10
Motor speed
direction

To motor
control

Reference
handling
Remote
reference

P 4-14
Motor speed
high limit [Hz]

P 4-12
Motor speed
low limit [Hz]

P 3-4* Ramp 1
P 3-5* Ramp 2

Hand
On

Off
Reset

Auto
On

130BB893.10

Product Overview

3 Product Overview

3.1 Control Structures

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

33

Select open loop or closed loop in 1-00

Configuration Mode.

3.1.1 Control Structure Open Loop

Illustration 3.1 Open Loop Structure

In the configuration shown in Illustration 3.1, 1-00 Configu­ration Mode is set to [0] Open loop. The resulting reference

from the reference handling system or the local reference
is received and fed through the ramp limitation and speed
limitation before being sent to the motor control. The
output from the motor control is then limited by the
maximum frequency limit.

After pressing the [Auto On] key, the frequency converter

into auto mode and follows (as default) the remote

goes
reference. In this mode, it is possible to control the
frequency converter via the digital inputs and RS-485. See
more about starting, stopping, changing ramps and
parameter set-ups etc. in parameter group 5-1* Digital
Inputs or parameter group 8-5* Serial Communication.

3.1.2 Local (Hand On) and Remote (Auto
Control

On)

The frequency converter can be operated manually via the
local

control panel (LCP) or remotely via analog/digital

inputs or serial bus. If allowed in 0-40 [Hand on] Key on

LCP, 0-44 [Off/Reset] Key on LCP, and 0-42 [Auto on] Key on
LCP, it is possible to start and stop the frequency converter

by LCP pressing the [Hand On] and [Off/Reset] keys. Alarms
can be reset via the [Off/Reset] key. After pressing the
[Hand On] key, the frequency converter goes into hand
mode and follows (as default) the local reference set by

using the LCP potentiometer (LCP 12) or [▲]/[▼] (LCP 11).
The potentiometer can be disabled by parameter 6-80 LCP
Potmeter Enable. If the potentiometer is disabled, use the
navigation keys for adjusting reference.

18 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Illustration 3.2 LCP Control Keys

Local reference forces the configuration mode to open

independent on the setting of 1-00 Configuration

loop,
Mode.

Local reference is restored at power-down.

7-30 PI

Normal/Inverse

Control

PI

Reference

Feedback

Scale to
speed

P 4-10

Motor speed

direction

To motor
control

130BB894.11

S

100%

0%

-100%

100%

*[-1]

_

+

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

3.1.3 Control Structure Closed Loop

The internal controller allows the frequency converter to become an integral part of the controlled system. The frequency
converter
value and determines the error, if any, between these 2 signals. It then adjusts the speed of the motor to correct this error.

receives a feedback signal from a sensor in the system. It then compares this feedback to a set-point reference

For example, consider a pump application where the speed of a pump is to be controlled so that the static pressure in a
pipe is constant. The desired static pressure value is supplied to the frequency converter as the set-point reference. A static
pressure sensor measures the actual static pressure in the pipe and supplies this to the frequency converter as a feedback
signal. If the feedback signal is greater than the set-point reference, the frequency converter slows down to reduce the
pressure. In a similar way, if the pipe pressure is lower than the set-point reference, the frequency converter automatically
speed up to increase the pressure provided by the pump.

Illustration 3.3 Control Structure Closed Loop

While the default values for the frequency converter’s closed loop controller often provides satisfactory performance, the
control

of the system can often be optimised by adjusting some of the closed loop controller’s parameters.

3 3

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 19

Speed open
loop

Configuration
mode

Input command:

freeze reference

Process
control

Scale to
Hz

Scale to
process
unit

Remote
reference/
setpoint

±200%

Feedback
handling

Remote
reference in %

maxRefPCT

minRefPct

min-max ref

Freeze
reference &
increase/
decrease
reference

±100%

Input commands:

Speed up/speed down

±200%

Relative
reference
=
X+X*Y/100

±200%

External reference in %

±200%

Parameter choise:
Reference resource 1,2,3

±100%

Preset reference

Input command:
preset ref bit0, bit1, bit2

+

+

Relative scalling reference

Intern resource

Preset relative reference

±100%

Preset reference 0 ±100%
Preset reference 1 ±100%

Preset reference 2 ±100%
Preset reference 3 ±100%
Preset reference 4 ±100%
Preset reference 5 ±100%

Preset reference 6 ±100%

Preset reference 7 ±100%

Extern resource 1

No function

Analog reference
±200 %

Local bus reference
±200 %
LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Extern resource 2

No function

Analog reference
±200 %

Local bus reference
±200 %
LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Extern resource 3

No function

Analog reference
±200 %

Local bus reference
±200 %
LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Y

X

130BB900.13

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

3.1.4 Reference Handling

Details for open loop and closed loop operation.

33

Illustration 3.4 Block Diagram Showing Remote Reference

The remote reference is comprised of:

references

Preset

•

Up to 8 preset references can be programmed in the frequency converter. The active preset reference can be selected using

External references (analog inputs and serial communication bus references)

•

The preset relative reference

•

Feedback controlled setpoint

•

digital inputs or the serial communications bus. The reference can also be supplied externally, most commonly from an
analog input. This external source is selected by one of the 3 Reference Source parameters (3-15 Reference 1 Source,
3-16 Reference 2 Source and 3-17 Reference 3 Source). All reference resources and the bus reference are added to produce the
total external reference. The external reference, the preset reference or the sum of the 2 can be selected to be the active
reference. Finally, this reference can by be scaled using 3-14 Preset Relative Reference.

20 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

1

2

z

z

z

L1

L2

L3

PE

U

V

W

C

S

I

2

I

1

I

3

I

4

C

S

C

S

C

S

C

S

I

4

C

S

z

PE

3

4

5

6

175ZA062.12

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

The scaled reference is calculated as follows:

Reference

= X + X ×

100

Y

Where X is the external reference, the preset reference or the sum of these and Y is 3-14 Preset Relative Reference in [%].

If Y, 3-14 Preset Relative Reference, is set to 0%, the reference is not affected by the scaling.

3.2 General Aspects of EMC

Electrical interference is usually conducted at frequencies in the range 150 kHz to 30 MHz. Airborne interference from the
frequency
As shown in Illustration 3.5, capacitance in the motor cable coupled with a high dU/dt from the motor voltage generate
leakage currents.
The use of a screened motor cable increases the leakage current (see Illustration 3.5) because screened cables have higher
capacitance to ground than unscreened cables. If the leakage current is not filtered, it causes greater interference on the
mains in the radio frequency range below approximately 5 MHz. Since the leakage current (I1) is carried back to the unit
through the screen (I3), there is in principle only a small electro-magnetic field (I4) from the screened motor cable according
to Illustration 3.5.

The screen reduces the radiated interference, but increases the low-frequency interference on the mains. Connect the motor
cable screen to the frequency converter enclosure as well as on the motor enclosure. This is best done by using integrated
screen clamps so as to avoid twisted screen ends (pigtails). Pigtails increase the screen impedance at higher frequencies,
which reduces the screen effect and increases the leakage current (I4).
If a screened cable is used for relay, control cable, signal interface and brake, mount the screen on the enclosure at both
ends. In some situations, however, it is necessary to break the screen to avoid current loops.

converter system in the range 30 MHz to 1 GHz is generated from the inverter, motor cable, and the motor.

3 3

1 Ground wire 4 Frequency converter
2 Screen 5 Screened motor cable
3 AC mains supply 6 Motor

Illustration 3.5 Situation that Generates Leakage Currents

If the screen is to be placed on a mounting plate for the frequency converter, the mounting plate must be made of metal,

convey the screen currents back to the unit. Moreover, ensure good electrical contact from the mounting plate through

to
the mounting screws to the frequency converter chassis.

When unscreened cables are used, some emission requirements are not complied with, although most immunity
requirements are observed.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 21

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

To reduce the interference level from the entire system (unit+installation), make motor and brake cables as short as
possible.

Avoid placing cables with a sensitive signal level alongside motor and brake cables. Radio interference higher than

50 MHz (airborne) is especially generated by the control electronics.

3.2.1 Emission Requirements

33

The EMC product standard for frequency converters
defines

4 categories (C1, C2, C3 and C4) with specified

requirements for emission and immunity. Table 3.1 states
the definition of the 4 categories and the equivalent classi­fication from EN 55011.

Equivalent

Category Definition

emission

in EN

class
55011

C1 Frequency converters installed in

first environment (home and

the
office) with a supply voltage less
than 1000 V.

C2 Frequency converters installed in

first environment (home and

the
office) with a supply voltage less
than 1000 V, which are neither
plug-in nor movable and are
intended to be installed and
commissioned by a professional.

C3 Frequency converters installed in

second environment

the
(industrial) with a supply voltage
lower than 1000 V.

C4 Frequency converters installed in

second environment with a

the
supply voltage equal to or above
1000 V or rated current equal to or
above 400 A or intended for use in
complex systems.

Class B

Class A Group 1

Class A Group 2

No limit line.
An EMC plan
should be
made.

When the generic (conducted) emission standards are
used,

the frequency converters are required to comply

with the limits in Table 3.2.

Environment

First
environment

and

(home
office)
Second
environment
(industrial
environment)

Table 3.2 Correlation between Generic Emission Standards and

55011

EN

Generic emission
standard

EN/IEC 61000-6-3 Emission
standard for residential,
commercial and light
industrial environments.
EN/IEC 61000-6-4 Emission
standard
environments.

for industrial

Equivalent
emission

class

in EN 55011

Class B

Class A Group 1

Table 3.1 Correlation between IEC 61800-3 and EN 55011

22 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

3.2.2 EMC Test Results (Emission)

Drive type Conducted emission. Maximum shielded cable length [m] Radiated emission

Housing, trades and

light

industries

Without
external

filter

With

external

filter

Without
external

filter

Industrial environment

With

external

filter

Without
external

filter

≤2.2 kW.
Single

230 V

phase,
≤7.5 kW. Up

500 V AC,

to
3 phase
11 kW to 22

Up to

kW.
500 V AC, 3
phase

Table 3.3 EMC Test Result

EN 55011 Class A2 EN 55011 Class A1 EN 55011 Class B EN 55011 Class A2 EN 55011 Class A1

Without

external

filter

25 - 15 50 5 15 Yes - No Yes

25 - 15 50 - 15 Yes - No Yes

25 - 15 50 - 15 Yes - No Yes

Industrial environment

With

external

filter

Without
external

filter

With

external

filter

With

external

filter

3 3

3.2.3 Harmonics Emission Requirements

Equipment connected to the public supply network

WARNING

Cannot comply, only with power option

Options Definition

1 IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Class A for 3-phase balanced

equipment
kW total power).

2 IEC/EN 61000-3-12 Equipment 16 A-75 A and profes-

sional
current.

Table 3.4 Harmonics Emission Requirements

3.2.4 Immunity Requirements

The immunity requirements for frequency converters
depend

on the environment where they are installed. The
requirements for the industrial environment are higher
than the requirements for the home and office
environment. All Danfoss frequency converters comply
with the requirements for the industrial environment and
consequently comply also with the lower requirements for
home and office environment with a large safety margin.

(for professional equipment only up to 1

equipment as from 1 kW up to 16 A phase

3.3 Galvanic Isolation (PELV)

3.3.1 PELV - Protective Extra Low Voltage

PELV offers protection by way of extra low voltage.
Protection
electrical supply is of the PELV type and the installation is
made as described in local/national regulations on PELV
supplies.

All control terminals and relay terminals 01-03/04-06
comply with PELV (Protective Extra Low Voltage) (Does not
apply to grounded Delta leg above 440 V).

Galvanic (ensured) isolation is obtained by fulfilling
requirements for higher isolation and by providing the
relevant creapage/clearance distances. These requirements
are described in the EN 61800-5-1 standard.

The components that make up the electrical isolation, as
described, also comply with the requirements for higher
isolation and the relevant test as described in EN
61800-5-1.
The PELV galvanic isolation can be shown in Illustration 3.7.

against electric shock is ensured when the

To maintain PELV all connections made to the control
terminals must be PELV, e.g. thermistor must be
reinforced/double insulated.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 23

SMPS

130BB896.10

1

2

3

a

M

130BB901.10

1324

5

a

M

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

0.25-22 kW

3.4 Earth Leakage Current

WARNING

DISCHARGE TIME

Touching

33

the equipment has been disconnected from mains.
Also make sure that other voltage inputs have been
disconnected, such as load sharing (linkage of DC
intermediate circuit), as well as the motor connection for
kinetic back-up.
Before touching any electrical parts, wait at least the
amount of time indicated in Table 2.1.
Shorter time is allowed only if indicated on the

1 Power supply (SMPS)
2 Optocouplers, communication between AOC and BOC
3 Custom relays
a Control card terminals

nameplate for the specific unit.

NOTICE

Leakage Current

Illustration 3.6 Galvanic Isolation

The
exceeds 3.5 mA. To ensure that the ground cable has a
good mechanical connection to the ground connection,

30-90 kW

the cable cross section must be at least 10 mm2 Cu or 16
mm2 Al or 2 rated earth wires terminated separately.
Residual Current Device protection RCD
This product can cause a DC current in the protective
conductor. Where a residual current device (RCD) is used
for protection in case of direct or indirect contact, only
an RCD of Type B is allowed on the supply side of this
product. Otherwise, another protective measure shall be
applied, such as separation from the environment by
double or reinforced insulation, or isolation from the
supply system by a transformer. See also Application
Note Protection against Electrical Hazards, MN90G.
Protective earthing of the frequency converter and the

1 Power supply (SMPS) incl. signal isolation of UDC, indicating

the

intermediate current voltage

2 Gate drive that runs the IGBTs (trigger transformers/opto-

couplers)
3 Current transducers
4 Internal soft-charge, RFI and temperature measurement

circuits
5 Custom relays
a Control card terminals

use of RCDs must always follow national and local
regulations.

3.5 Extreme Running Conditions

Short circuit (motor phase – phase)

Current
the DC-link, protects the frequency converter against short
circuts. A short circuit between 2 output phases causes an
overcurrent in the inverter. The inverter is turned off

Illustration 3.7 Galvanic Isolation

individually when the short circuit current exceeds the
permitted value (Alarm 16 Trip Lock).
For information about protecting the frequency converter

The functional galvanic isolation (see Illustration
the RS-485 standard bus interface.

3.6) is for

against a short circuit at the load sharing and brake
outputs, see the design guidelines.

Switching on the output

Switching on the output between the motor and the

CAUTION

Installation at high altitude:
At

altitudes above 2,000 m, contact Danfoss regarding

PELV.

frequency converter is fully permitted. The frequency
converter is not damaged in any way by switching on the
output. However, fault messages may appear.

the electrical parts could be fatal - even after

earth leakage current from the frequency converter

measurement in each of the 3 motor phases or in

24 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

1.21.0 1.4

30

10

20

100

60

40

50

1.81.6 2.0

2000

500

200

400
300

1000

600

t [s]

175ZA052.12

f

OUT

= 2 x f

M,N

f

OUT

= 0.2 x f

M,N

f

OUT

= 1 x f

M,N

(par. 1-23)

IMN(par. 1-24)

I

M

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Motor-generated over-voltage

voltage in the intermediate circuit is increased when

The
the motor acts as a generator. This occurs in following
cases:

The load drives the motor (at constant output

•

frequency from the frequency converter), that is
the load generates energy.

During deceleration ("ramp-down") if the moment

•

of inertia is high, the friction is low and the ramp­down time is too short for the energy to be
dissipated as a loss in the frequency converter,
the motor and the installation.

Incorrect slip compensation setting (1-62 Slip

•

Compensation) may cause higher DC link voltage.

The control unit may attempt to correct the ramp if
possible (2-17 Over-voltage Control.)
The inverter turns off to protect the transistors and the
intermediate circuit capacitors when a certain voltage level
is reached.

Mains drop-out

During a mains drop-out, the frequency converter keeps
running until the intermediate circuit voltage drops below
the minimum stop level, which is typically 15% below the
frequency converter's lowest rated supply voltage. The
mains voltage before the drop-out and the motor load
determines how long it takes for the frequency converter
to coast.

3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection

Motor thermal protection can be provided in 2 ways.

Illustration 3.8 ETR Characteristics

The

X-axis shows the ratio between I

motor

and I

motor

nominal. The Y- axis shows the time in seconds before the
ETR cut of and trips the frequency converter. The curves
show the characteristic nominal speed, at twice the
nominal speed and at 0,2 x the nominal speed.
At lower speed, the ETR cuts off at lower heat due to less
cooling of the motor. In that way, the motor is protected
from being over heated even at low speed. The ETR
feature is calculating the motor temperature based on
actual current and speed. The calculated temperature is
visible as a read out parameter in 16-18 Motor Thermal in
the product specific Programming Guide.
A special version of the ETR is also available for EX-e
motors in ATEX areas. This function makes it possible to
enter a specific curve to protect the Ex-e motor. The
Programming Guide takes the user through the set-up.

3 3

method uses a motor thermistor, via one of the

One
following

Thermistor input on a standard AI

•

Sensor input MCB 114

•

PTC Thermistor input MCB 112

•

The frequency converter monitors motor temperature as
the speed and load vary to detect overheating conditions.

The other method calculates motor temperature by
measuring current, frequency, and operating time. The
converter displays the thermal load on the motor in
percentage and can issue a warning at a programmable
overload setpoint. Programmable options at the overload
allow the frequency converter to stop the motor, reduce
output, or ignore the condition. Even at low speeds, the
frequency converter meets I2t Class 20 electronic motor
overload standards.
This method is called Electronic Thermal Relay (ETR).

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 25

Selection

4 Selection

4.1 Options and Accessories

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.1 Local Control Panel (LCP)

®

For detailed information on programming, see VLT

44

Drive FC 51Programming Guide.

Micro

NOTICE

The frequency converter can also be programmed from a
PC

via RS-485 com-port by installing the MCT 10 Set-up
Software.
This software can either be ordered using code number
130B1000 or downloaded from the DanfossWeb site:

www.danfoss.com/BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/software­download

Navigation Keys:
[Back]:

For moving to the previous step or layer in the

navigation structure.
[▲] [▼]: For maneuvering between parameter groups,

parameters and within parameters.
[OK]: For selecting a parameter and for accepting changes
to parameter settings.

Operation Keys:

A yellow light above the operation keys indicates the
active key.
[Hand On]: Starts the motor and enables control of the
frequency converter via the LCP.
[Off/Reset]: Stops the motor (off). If in alarm mode the
alarm is reset.
[Auto On]: The frequency converter is controlled either via
control terminals or serial communication.
[Potentiometer] (LCP 12): The potentiometer works in 2
ways depending on the mode in which the frequency
converter is running.
In Auto Mode the potentiometer acts as an extra
programmable analog input.
In Hand on Mode the potentiometer controls local
reference.

Illustration 4.1 Description of LCP Keys and Display

Press [Menu] to select one of the following menus:

Status:

For

readouts only.

Quick Menu:

For access to Quick Menus 1 and 2.

Main Menu:

For access to all parameters.

4.1.2 Remote Mounting Kit for LCP

The LCP can be moved to the front of a cabinet by using

remote built-in kit. The enclosure is IP55.

the

Enclosure IP55 front

Max. cable length between LCP and unit: 3 m
Communication std: RS-485
Ordering no. 132B0102

Table 4.1 Technical Data

26 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

130BA526.10

62.3±0.2

82.8±0.2

4xR 1.5±0.5

1

130BA568.10

1

2

3

130BA527.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.3 FC 51 LCP Mounting Instruction

Step 1

the bottom of the LCP in the frequency converter.

Place

Illustration 4.2 Place the LCP in the Frequency Converter

Step 2

the top of the LCP into the frequency converter.

Push

4.1.4 FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting
Instruction

Step 1

Fit

gasket on LCP in the frequency converter.

Illustration 4.4 Fit Gasket on LCP

Step 2

LCP on panel - see dimensions of hole on drawing.

Place

4 4

Illustration 4.3 Push the Top of the LCP into Place

Illustration 4.5 Dimensions of Hole

Illustration 4.6 Panel, Gasket and LCP

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 27

130BA523.10

130BA524.10

130BA525.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Step 3

the bracket on the back of the LCP, then slide down.

Place
Tighten screws and connect the cable to the LCP.

NOTICE

Use the provided thread cutting screws to fasten the
connector

to the LCP. Tightening torque: 1.3 Nm.

Step 4

Connect

the cable to the frequency converter.

NOTICE

Use the provided thread cutting screws to fasten
connector

1.3 Nm.

to the frequency converter. Tightening torque:

44

Illustration 4.7 Place the Bracket on LCP

Illustration 4.9 Connect Cable to the Frequency Converter

Illustration 4.8 Tighten Screws and Connect Cable to LCP

28 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.5 IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit

Frame IP class Power [kW] Height [mm]AWidth [mm]BDepth [mm]COrdering no.

1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V

M1 IP21 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 219.3 73 155.9 132B0108
M2 IP21 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 245.6 78 175.4 132B0109
M3 IP21 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 297.5 95 201.4 132B0110
M4 IP21 - - 11-15 - - - ­M5 IP21 - - 18.5-22 - - - -

Table 4.2 IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit

4.1.6 Type 1 (NEMA)

Frame IP class Power [kW] Height [mm]AWidth [mm]BDepth [mm]COrdering no.

1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V

M1 IP20 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 194.3 70.0 155.9 132B0103
M2 IP20 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 220.6 75.0 175.4 132B0104
M3 IP20 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 282.5 90.0 201.3 132B0105
M4 IP20 - - 11-15 345.6 125.0 248.5 132B0120
M5 IP20 - - 18.5-22 385.5 165.0 248.2 132B0121

4 4

Table 4.3 Type 1 (NEMA)

4.1.7 De-Coupling

Frame IP class Power [kW] Height [mm]AWidth [mm]BDepth [mm]COrdering no.

1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V

M1 IP20 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 204.2 70.0 155.9 132B0106
M2 IP20 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 230.0 75.0 175.4 132B0106
M3 IP20 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 218.5 90.0 201.3 132B0107
M4 IP20 - - 11-15 347.5 125.0 248.5 132B0122
M5 IP20 - - 18.5-22 387.5 165.0 248.2 132B0122

Table 4.4 De-Coupling

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 29

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.8 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction
M1, M2 and M3

for

Step 1

Mount

metal plate on frequency converter and tighten the

screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

M1 4 x ½”

44

M2 5 x ½ “

M3

Table 4.5 Conduit Sizes

2 x ½”
3 x 3/4”

4.1.9 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction
M4 and M5

for

Step 1

Mount

metal plate on frequency converter and tighten the

screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

M4 3x½”
M5 3x1“

Table 4.6 Conduit Sizes

Illustration 4.10 Mount Metal Plate on Frequency Converter

Step 2

bottom cover on frequency converter and tighten

Fit
screw.

Illustration 4.12 Mount Metal Plate on Frequency Converter

Step 2

bottom cover on frequency converter and tighten

Fit
screw.

Illustration 4.13 Fit Bottom Cover on Frequency Converter

Illustration 4.11 Fit Bottom Cover on Frequency Converter

30 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

130BC014.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.10 FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction

Step 1

top cover on frequency converter.

Fit

Illustration 4.14 Fit Top Cover on Frequency Converter

Step 2

Remove
grommets.

knock-outs on metal plate and fit rubber

Step 3

Mount

metal plate on frequency converter and tighten

screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

Illustration 4.16 Mount Metal Plate on Frequency Converter

Step 4

Fit bottom cover on frequency converter and tighten
screw.

4 4

Illustration 4.15 Remove Knock-outs and Fit Rubber Grommets

NOTICE

IP21 is only achieved with LCP 11 or LCP 12 mounted.

Illustration 4.17 Fit Bottom Cover on Frequency Converter

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 31

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.11 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting
Instruction

Step 1

Mount

metal plate on frequency converter and fasten with

two screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

for M1 and M2

Step 3

De-coupling

plate mounted.

44

Illustration 4.20 De-coupling Plate Mounted

Illustration 4.18 Mount Metal Plate

Step 2

bracket on de-coupling plate.

Mount

4.1.12 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting
Instruction

Step 1

Mount

de-coupling plate on frequency converter and

fasten with 2 screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

for M3

Illustration 4.21 Mount De-coupling Plate

Illustration 4.19 Mount Bracket

Illustration 4.22 Fasten with Screws

32 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Step 2

De-coupling

Illustration 4.23 De-coupling Plate Mounted

plate mounted.

4.1.13 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting
Instruction

Step 1

Mount

metal plate on frequency converter and fasten with

2 screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

for M4 and M5

Step 2

De-coupling

Illustration 4.25 De-coupling Plate Mounted

Step 3

Mount bracket on de-coupling plate.

plate mounted.

4 4

Illustration 4.24 Mount Metal Plate

Illustration 4.26 Mount Bracket

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 33

4

130BC160.10

2

3

1

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.14 FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting
Instruction

Step 1

plastic part on frequency converter.

Mount

4.1.15 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation
Instructions

Line filters of the type MCC 107 combine a harmonic filter
and

an EMC filter. The line filters improve performance of

the line current to the frequency converter. The 3 different
line filter frame sizes correspond to the VLT® Micro Drive

enclosure types M1, M2 and M3.

44

Illustration 4.27 Mount Plastic Part

Step 2

frequency converter on DIN rail (Din Rail kit is only for

Fit
M1 and M2).

1 Mounting holes for frequency converter
2 Input terminal
3 Output line
4 Protective earth (PE)

Illustration 4.29 Line Filter MCC 107 with Micro Drive FC 51

CAUTION

Hot surfaces

of high surface temperatures.

Risk

Do NOT touch the line filter during operation or

•

wear protective gloves

WARNING

High voltage

Risk

of electric shock.

Never carry out maintenance work on the line

•

filter during operation. Wait at least 4 minutes
after the equipment has been disconnected
from the frequency converter before touching
any potentially live parts.

Illustration 4.28 Fit Frequency Converter on DIN Rail

NOTICE

Never

•

repair a defective filter

34 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

130BC159.10

PE

U

V

W

L

N

L

N

PE

M

3~

PE

U

V

W

MCC 107 FC 51

130BC161.10

PE

U

V

W

L1

L1

PE

M
3~

PE

U

V

W

MCC 107 FC 51

L2

L3

L2

L3

130BC162.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.1.16 Mounting

There are 2 options for mounting the line filter correctly:

Front mounting

1.

Mount the filter in a vertical position with the

•

terminals at the bottom.
Mount the frequency converter on the front of

•

the line filter using 3 M4 bolts.

4.1.17 Wiring

WARNING

Risk of electrical shock due to high leakage currents

not power up the line filter before it is

Do

•

connected to protective earth (PE)

1. Connect line filter to protective earth (PE). Use a
cabinet

mounting panel or similar to achieve

optimum earthing conditions.

2. Connect input terminal to mains power (cable
not supplied)

3. Connect output cable to the input terminals of
the frequency converter

4. Ensure solid electrical contact between line filter
and frequency converter (high frequency
earthing)

4 4

Illustration 4.30 Line Filter with Frequency Converter

Ensure

•

frequency converter.

NOTICE

Metal-to-metal contact improves EMC performance and
enables

the baseplate of the frequency converter to

function as heat sink for the line filter

2. Side mounting

Mount

•

converter.
There is no requirement for spacing between
filter and frequency converter.

Mount the back of the line filter to a cooling

•

surface, such as a metal wall. Alternatively, derate
the line filter by one size: For example use a 0.75
kW line filter with a 0.37 kW Micro Drive.

CAUTION

High temperatures

of fire or device damage

Risk

Do not mount the line filter in close proximity

•

to other heating elements or heat-sensitive
material (such as wood).

metal-to-metal contact between filter and

the filter side-by-side with the frequency

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 35

Illustration 4.31 Line 1

Illustration 4.32 Line 2

100

+10

0

300

+20

0

M6

1

W

PE

d

LOAD

LINE

5.5

h1

l1

h2

7.8

W1

W2

l2

h

l2

h3

Ø11

Ø5.5

M4(3x)

130BC163.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

NOTICE

Reduce

•

common mode interferences by

For voltage rating, wire size and fuse selection, see the

®

VLT

Micro Drive Quick Guide.

establishing a low impedance current path to
the frequency converter.

To ensure optimum EMC performance, use a

•

De-Coupling plate kit (ordering numbers
132B0106 or 132B0107)

44

4.1.18 Dimensions

Frame M1 M2 M3

w [mm] 70 75 90
d [mm] 55 65 69
h [mm] 190 210 300
h3 [mm] 230 250 340
w1 [mm] 40 40 55.6
h1 [mm] 213 233 323
w2 [mm] 55 59 69
h2 [mm] 140 166.5 226
l1 [mm] 45 38.5 68
l2 [mm] 7.6 8 9.3
PE (metric) M6 M6 M6
Weight [kg] 2 3 5

Table 4.7 Dimension Data

Illustration

4.33 Dimensions

36 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

M1 200 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC028.10

M1 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC029.10

M2 200 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃
50 ℃

130BC030.10

M2 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC031.10

M3 200 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC032.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.2 Special Conditions

4.2.1 Purpose of Derating

Take the purpose of derating into account when using the
frequency

converter at low air pressure (heights), at low
speeds, with long motor cables, cables with a large cross
section or at high ambient temperature. The required
action is described in this section.

4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature

Derating for ambient temperature and IGBT Switching.

The

ambient temperature measured over 24 hours should
be at least 5 °C lower than the max. ambient temperature.
If the frequency converter is operated at high ambient
temperature, the continuous output current should be
decreased. The frequency converter has been designed for
operation at max. 50 °C ambient temperature with one
motor size smaller than nominal. Continuous operation at
full load at 50 °C ambient temperature reduces the lifetime
of the frequency converter.

4 4

Illustration 4.36 M2 200 V

Illustration 4.37 M2 400 V

Illustration 4.34 M1 200 V

Illustration 4.38 M3 200 V

Illustration 4.35 M1 400 V

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 37

M3 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC033.10

M4 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃
50 ℃

130BC034.10

M5 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃
50 ℃

130BC035.10

Selection

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

4.2.3 Derating for Low Air Pressure

The cooling capability of air is decreased at low air
pressure.

For altitudes above 2,000 m, contact Danfoss regarding
PELV.

44

Below 1,000 m altitude no de-rating is necessary, but
above 1.000 m the ambient temperature or the maximum
output current should be decreased.
Decrease the output by 1% per 100 m altitude above 1,000
m or reduce the max. ambient temperature by 1 ° C per

Illustration 4.39 M3 400 V

200 m.

4.2.4 Automatic Adaptations to Ensure
Performance

The frequency converter constantly checks for critical levels
of

internal temperature, load current, high voltage on the
intermediate circuit and low motor speeds. As a response
to a critical level, the frequency converter can adjust the
switching frequency and/or change the switching pattern
to ensure the performance of the frequency converter. The
capability for automatic output current reduction extends
the acceptable operating conditions even further.

4.2.5 Derating for Running at Low Speed

Illustration 4.40 M4 200 V

When a motor is connected to a frequency converter, it is
necessary

to check that the cooling of the motor is
adequate. The level of heating depends on the load on the
motor, as well as the operating speed and time.

Constant torque applications (CT mode)

A problem may occur at low RPM values in constant
torque applications. In a constant torque application a
motor may over-heat at low speeds due to less cooling air
from the motor integral fan.

Therefore, if the motor is to be run continuously at an RPM
value lower than half of the rated value, the motor must
be supplied with additional air-cooling (or a motor
designed for this type of operation may be used).

Illustration 4.41 M4 400 V

An alternative is to reduce the load level of the motor by
choosing a larger motor. However, the design of the
frequency converter puts a limit to the motor size.

38 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Order

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

5 How to Order

5.1 Drive Configurator

It is possible to design a frequency converter according to

application requirements by using the ordering

the
number system.

Frequency converters can be ordered as standard or with
internal options by using a type code string, that is,

FC051PXXXXXXXXHXXXXXXXSXXX

Use the Internet-based Drive Configurator to configure the
right frequency converter for the right application and
generate the type code string. The Drive Configurator
automatically generates an 8-digit sales number (either for
one product or a project list with several products) to be
delivered to your local sales office.

The Drive Configurator can be found on: www.danfoss.com/
drives.

5.2 FC Identification

The nameplate sticker is located on the top of each
frequency
warnings catalog number, and other relevant data for each
unit. See Table 5.2 for details, how to read the type code
string.

converter and shows the ratings, serial number,

5 5

Illustration 5.1 Nameplate Sticker

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 39

How to Order

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

5.3 Type Code

Table 5.1 Type Code

Description Pos Possible choice

Product group 1-3 Adjustable Frequency Converters
Series and product type 4-6 Micro Drive

55

Power size 7-10 0.18-22 kW

11-12 S2: Single phase 200-240 V AC

Mains voltage

Enclosure 13-15 IP20/Chassis
RFI filter 16-17 H3: RFI filter A1/B (reduced cable length*)

Brake

Display

Coating PCB

Mains option 21 X: No mains option
Adaptation A 22 X: No adaptation
Adaptation B 23 X: No adaptation
Software release 24-27 SXXX: Latest release - std. software

18 B: Brake chopper included (from 1.5 kW and up)

19 X: No Local Control Panel

20 C: Coated PCB

2: Three phase 200-240 V AC

T
T 4: Three phase 380-480 V AC

No brake chopper included

X:

Numerical Local Control Panel (LCP)

N:
P: Numerical Local Control Panel (LCP) with potentiometer

No coated PCB

X:

Table 5.2 Type Code Description

40 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Order

5.4 Ordering Numbers

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Power [kW] Current [l

0.18 1.2 132F 0001

0.25 1.5 132F 0008

0.37 2.2 132F 0002 132F 0009 1.2 132F 0017

0.75 4.2 132F 0003 132F 0010 2.2 132F 0018

1.5 6.8 132F 0005 132F 0012 3.7 132F 0020

2.2 9.6 132F 0007 132F 0014 5.3 132F 0022

3.0 7.2 132F 0024

3.7 15.2 132F 0016

4.0

5.5 12.0 132F 0028

7.5 15.5 132F 0030

11.0 23.0 132F 0058

15.0 31.0 132F 0059

18.5 37.0 132F 0060

22.0 43.0 132F 0061

Table 5.3 Ordering Numbers

Micro drives from 1.5 kW and up have built in brake chopper

] 1 ph. 3 ph. Current [l

nom

200-240 V 380-480 V

] 3 ph.

nom

9.0 132F 0026

5.5 Options

Ordering No Description

132B0100 VLT Control Panel LCP 11 w/o potentiometer
132B0101 VLT Control Panel LCP 12 w/o potentiometer
132B0102 Remote Mounting Kit for LCP incl. 3 m cable IP55 with LCP 11, IP21 with LCP 12
132B0103 Nema Type 1 kit for M1 frame
132B0104 Type 1 kit for M2 frame
132B0105 Type 1 kit for M3 frame
132B0106 De-coupling plate kit for M1 and M2 frames
132B0107 De-coupling plate kit for M3 frame
132B0108 IP21 for M1 frame
132B0109 IP21 for M2 frame
132B0110 IP21 for M3 frame
132B0111 DIN rail mounting kit for M1 and M2 frame
132B0120 Type 1 kit for M4 frame
132B0121 Type 1 kit for M5 frame
132B0122 De-coupling plate kit for M4 and M5 frames
130B2522 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0001
130B2522 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0002
130B2533 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0003
130B2525 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0005
130B2530 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0007
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0008
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0009
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0010
130B2526 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0012
130B2531 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0014
130B2527 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0016
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0017
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0018
130B2524 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0020

5 5

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 41

How to Order

Ordering No Description

130B2526 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0022
130B2529 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0024
130B2531 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0026
130B2528 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0028
130B2527 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0030

Table 5.4 Options for VLT Micro Drive

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

NOTICE

Danfoss line filters and brake resistors are available upon request.

55

42 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Install

6 How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.1 Before Starting

6.1.1 Checklist

When unpacking the frequency converter, make sure that

unit is undamaged and complete. Check that the

the
packaging contains the following:

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

•

Quick Guide

•

Optional: LCP and/or de-coupling plate.

6.2 Side-by-Side Installation

The frequency converter can be mounted side-by-side for
IP

20 rating units and requires 100 mm clearance above

and below for cooling. Regarding surroundings in general,
see chapter 9 Specifications.

Illustration 6.2 Side-by-side Installation

6 6

Illustration 6.1 Content of Box

6.3 Before Commencing Repair Work

1. Disconnect the FC 51 from mains (and external
supply, if present.)

DC

2. Wait for 4 min (M1, M2 and M3) and 15 min (M4

and M5) for discharge of the DC-link. See
Table 2.1.

3. Disconnect DC bus terminals and brake terminals

(if present).

4. Remove motor cable.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 43

B

a A

a A

a A

a A

a A

C

C

C C C

b

B
b

B
b

B
b

B
b

Ø 7mm

M5

M4

M3

M2

M1

Ø 7mm Ø 5.5mm Ø 4.5mm

130BB321.11

Ø 4.5mm

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.4 Mechanical Dimensions

A template for drilling can be found on the flap of the packaging.

66

Power [kW] Height [mm] Width [mm]

Frame 1X200-240 V 3X200-240 V 3X380-480 V A

A (incl. decoupling

plate)

Depth1)

a B b C [kg]

[mm]

Max.
Weight

M1 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 150 205 140.4 70 55 148 1.1
M2 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 176 230 166.4 75 59 168 1.6
M3 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 239 294 226 90 69 194 3.0
M4 11.0-15.0 292 347.5 272.4 125 97 241 6.0
M5 18.5-22.0 335 387.5 315 165 140 248 9.5

1)

For LCP with potentiometer, add 7.6 mm.

Illustration 6.3 Mechanical Dimensions

6.5 Electrical Installation in General

NOTICE

All cabling must comply with national and local regulations on cable cross-sections and ambient temperature. Copper
conductors

Enclosure 1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V Line Motor DC connection/Brake Control Terminals Earth Relay

1)

Spade connectors (6.3 mm Faston plugs)

Table 6.1 Tightening of Terminals

required, (60-75 °C) recommended.

Power [kW] Torque [Nm]

M1 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 1.4 0.7
M2 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 1.4 0.7
M3 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 1.4 0.7
M4 11.0-15.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.15 3 0.5
M5 18.5-22.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.15 3 0.5

Spade
Spade
Spade

1)

1)

1)

0.15 3 0.5

0.15 3 0.5

0.15 3 0.5

44 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.6 Fuses

Overcurrent protection

Provide overload protection to avoid overheating of the

Branch circuit protection

protect the installation against electrical and fire hazard,

To
all branch circuits in an installation, switch gear, machines
etc., must be short-circuited and overcurrent protected
according to national/international regulations.

Short circuit protection

Danfoss recommends using the fuses mentioned in the
following tables to protect service personnel or other
equipment in case of an internal failure in the unit or
short-circuit on DC-link. The frequency converter provides
full short circuit protection in case of a short-circuit on the
motor or brake output.

Max. Fuses UL

FC 51

1X200-240 V

kW Type RK1 Type J Type T Type RK1 Type CC Type RK1 Type gG
0K18-0K37 KTN-R15 JKS-15 JJN-15 KLN-R15 ATM-R15 A2K-15R 16A
0K75 KTN-R25 JKS-25 JJN-25 KLN-R25 ATM-R25 A2K-25R 25A
1K5 KTN-R35 JKS-35 JJN-35 KLN-R35 - A2K-35R 35A
2K2 KTN-R50 JKS-50 JJN-50 KLN-R50 - A2K-50R 50A

3x200-240 V

0K25 KTN-R10 JKS-10 JJN-10 KLN-R10 ATM-R10 A2K-10R 10A
0K37 KTN-R15 JKS-15 JJN-15 KLN-R15 ATM-R15 A2K-15R 16A
0K75 KTN-R20 JKS-20 JJN-20 KLN-R20 ATM-R20 A2K-20R 20A
1K5 KTN-R25 JKS-25 JJN-25 KLN-R25 ATM-R25 A2K-25R 25A
2K2 KTN-R40 JKS-40 JJN-40 KLN-R40 ATM-R40 A2K-40R 40A
3K7 KTN-R40 JKS-40 JJN-40 KLN-R40 - A2K-40R 40A

3x380-480 V

0K37-0K75 KTS-R10 JKS-10 JJS-10 KLS-R10 ATM-R10 A6K-10R 10A
1K5 KTS-R15 JKS-15 JJS-15 KLS-R15 ATM-R15 A2K-15R 16A
2K2 KTS-R20 JKS-20 JJS-20 KLS-R20 ATM-R20 A6K-20R 20A
3K0 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 ATM-R40 A6K-40R 40A
4K0 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 ATM-R40 A6K-40R 40A
5K5 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 - A6K-40R 40A
7K5 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 - A6K-40R 40A
11K0 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 63A
15K0 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 63A
18K5 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 80A
22K0 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 80A

Bussmann Bussmann Bussmann Littel fuse

cables in the installation. Overcurrent protection must
always be carried out according to national regulations.
Fuses must be designed for protection in a circuit capable
of supplying a maximum of 100,000 A

(symmetrical),

rms

480 V maximum.

Non UL compliance

If UL/cUL is not to be complied with, Danfoss recommends
using the fuses mentioned in Table 6.2, which ensures
compliance with EN50178/IEC61800-5-1:
In case of malfunction, not following the fuse recommen­dation may result in damage to the frequency converter
and the installation.

Ferraz-

Shawmut

Ferraz-

Shawmut

Max. fuses non
UL

6 6

Table 6.2 Fuses

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 45

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.7 Mains Connection

Step 1: Mount ground cable.

2: Mount wires in terminals L1/L, L2 and L3/N and

Step
tighten.

All types of 3-phased asynchronous standard motors can

connected to the frequency converter. Normally, small

be
motors are star-connected (230/400 V, Δ/Y). Large motors
are delta-connected (400/690 V, Δ/Y). Refer to motor
nameplate for correct connection and voltage.

66

Illustration 6.4 Mounting of Ground Cable and Mains Wires

For 3-phase connection, connect wires to all three
terminals.

single-phase connection, connect wires to terminals

For
L1/L and L3/N.

Illustration 6.6 Star and Delta Connections

Step 1: Mount the ground cable.

2: Connect wires to terminals either in star or delta-

Step
connection. See motor nameplate for further information.

Illustration 6.5 3-phase and Single-phase Wire Connections

6.8 Motor Connection

6.8.1 How to Connect the Motor

See chapter
motor cable cross-section and length.

•

•

For further details on mounting of the decoupling plate,
see VLT

Instruction for M1 and M2.

9 Specifications for correct dimensioning of

Use a shielded/armored motor cable to comply
with EMC emission specifications, and connect
this cable to both the decoupling plate and the
motor metal.

Keep motor cable as short as possible to reduce
the noise level and leakage currents.

®

Micro Drive FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting

Illustration 6.7 Mounting of Earth Cable and Motor Wires

For EMC correct installation, use optional de-coupling

see chapter 5.5 Options.

plate,

Illustration 6.8 Frequency Converter with De-coupling Plate

46 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.8.2 Motor Cables

See chapter
motor cable cross-section and length.

•

•

•

•

•

•

9 Specifications for maximum dimensioning of

Use a screened/armoured motor cable to comply
with EMC emission specifications.

Keep the motor cable as short as possible to
reduce the noise level and leakage currents.

Connect the motor cable screen to both the de­coupling plate of the frequency converter and to
the metal cabinet of the motor.

Make the screen connections with the largest
possible surface area (cable clamp). This is done
by using the supplied installation devices in the
frequency converter.

Avoid mounting with twisted screen ends
(pigtails), which spoils high frequency screening
effects.

If it is necessary to split the screen to install a
motor isolator or motor relay, the screen must be
continued with the lowest possible HF
impedance.

6.8.3 Electrical Installation of Motor Cables

Screening of cables

Avoid

installation with twisted screen ends (pigtails). They
spoil the screening effect at higher frequencies.
If it is necessary to break the screen to install a motor
isolator or motor contactor, the screen must be continued
at the lowest possible HF impedance.

Cable length and cross-section

The frequency converter has been tested with a given
length of cable and a given cross-section of that cable. If
the cross-section is increased, the cable capacitance - and
thus the leakage current - may increase, and the cable
length must be reduced correspondingly.

Switching frequency

frequency converters are used together with Sine-

When
wave filters to reduce the acoustic noise from a motor, the
switching frequency must be set according to the Sine­wave filter instruction in 14-01 Switching Frequency.

Aluminium conductors

Aluminium conductors are not recommended. Terminals
can accept aluminium conductors but the conductor
surface has to be clean and the oxidation must be
removed and sealed by neutral acid free Vaseline grease
before the conductor is connected.
Furthermore, the terminal screw must be retightened after
2 days due to the softness of the aluminium. It is crucial to
keep the connection a gas tight joint, otherwise the
aluminium surface oxidises again.

6.8.4 EMC-Correct Electrical Installation

General points to be observed to ensure EMC-correct
electrical installation.

Use only screened/armoured motor cables and

•

screened/armoured control cables.
Connect the screen to earth at both ends.

•

Avoid installation with twisted screen ends

•

(pigtails), since this ruins the screening effect at
high frequencies. Use the cable clamps provided
instead.

It is important to ensure good electrical contact

•

from the installation plate through the installation
screws to the metal cabinet of the frequency
converter.

Use starwashers and galvanically conductive

•

installation plates.
Do not use unscreened/unarmoured motor cables

•

in the installation cabinets.

6 6

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 47

L1

L2

L3

PE

Min. 16 mm

2

Equalizing cable

Control cables

All cable entries in

one side of panel

Earthing rail

Cable insula­tion stripped

Output con­tactor etc.

Motor cable

Motor, 3 phases and

PLC etc.

Panel

Mains-supply

Min. 200mm
between control
cable, mains cable
and between mains
motor cable

PLC

Protective earth

Reinforced protective earth

130BB965.10

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

66

Illustration 6.9 EMC-correct Electrical Installation

NOTICE

For North America use metal conduits instead of shielded cables.

48 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

175ZA166.13

0,01 0,1 1 10 100 MHz

10

10

10

1

10

10

10

10

10

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

The lower the Z the better the cable screening performance

Transfer impedance, Z

t

mOhm/m

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.9 Use of EMC-Correct Cables

Danfoss recommends braided screened/armoured cables to
optimise
emission from the motor cables.

The ability of a cable to reduce the in- and outgoing
radiation of electric noise depends on the transfer
impedance (ZT). The screen of a cable is normally designed
to reduce the transfer of electric noise; however, a screen
with a lower transfer impedance (ZT) value is more
effective than a screen with a higher transfer impedance
(ZT).

Transfer impedance (ZT) is rarely stated by cable manufac­turers but it is often possible to estimate transfer
impedance (ZT) by assessing the physical design of the
cable.

EMC immunity of the control cables and the EMC

Transfer impedance (ZT) can be assessed on the basis of
the following factors:

The conductibility of the screen material.

•

The contact resistance between the individual

•

screen conductors.
The screen coverage, that is, the physical area of

•

the cable covered by the screen - often stated as
a percentage value.

Screen type, that is, braided or twisted pattern.

•

a. Aluminium-clad with copper wire.
b. Twisted copper wire or armoured steel wire cable.
c. Single-layer braided copper wire with varying

percentage screen coverage.

This is the typical Danfoss reference cable.
d. Double-layer braided copper wire.
e. Twin layer of braided copper wire with a

magnetic, screened/armoured intermediate layer.

f. Cable that runs in copper tube or steel tube.

g. Lead cable with 1.1 mm wall thickness.

6 6

Illustration 6.10 Transfer Impedance of Different Wires

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 49

PE

FC

PE

130BA051.11

PE PE

FC

PE PE

FC

100nF

PE

FC

69

FC

PE PE

PE

68

61

68

69

FC

PE

a

b

c

d

e

PLC etc.

PLC etc.

PLC etc.

PLC etc.

Equalizing cable

Min. 16mm

2

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.10 Earthing of Screened/Armoured
Control Cables

Control cables should be braided, screened/armoured, and

screen must be connected with a cable clamp at both

the
ends to the metal cabinet of the unit. Illustration 6.11
shows correct earthing examples.

a.

b.

grounding

Correct

Control cables and cables for serial communi­cation are fitted with cable clamps at both ends
to ensure the best possible electrical contact.

Incorrect grounding

Do not use twisted cable ends (pigtails). They
increase the screen impedance at high
frequencies.

c.

Protection from potential between PLC and
frequency converter

If the earth potential between the frequency
converter and the PLC (etc.) is different, electric
noise that disturbs the entire system is possible.
Fit an equalizing cable, next to the control cable.

66

Minimum cable cross-section: 16 mm2.

d.

For 50/60 Hz earth loops

Using long control cables sometimes causes
50/60 Hz ground loops. Connect one end of the
screen to earth via a 100 nF capacitor (keeping
leads short).

e.

Cables for serial communication

Eliminate low-frequency noise currents between 2
frequency converters by connecting one end of
the screen to terminal 61. This terminal is
connected to ground via an internal RC link. Use
twisted-pair cables to reduce the differential
mode interference between the conductors.

a Correct earthing
b Incorrect earthing
c Protection from potential between PLC and frequency

d 50/60 Hz earth loops
e Cables for Serial Communication

converter

6.11 Residual Current Device

Use RCD relays, multiple protective earthing or earthing as
extra

protection, if local safety regulations are complied
with.
If an earth fault appears, a DC content may develop in the
faulty current.
If RCD relays are used, local regulations must be observed.
Relays must be suitable for protection of 3-phase
equipment with a bridge rectifier and for a brief discharge
on power-up see chapter 3.4 Earth Leakage Current for
further information.

Illustration 6.11 Earthing Examples

50 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Install

6.12 Electrical Overview

6.12.1 Power Circuit - Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6 6

Illustration 6.12 Diagram Showing all Electrical Terminals

Brake (BR+ and BR-) are not applicable for enclosure type M1.

*

Brake resistors are available from Danfoss.
Improved power factor and EMC performance can be achieved by installing optional Danfoss line filters.
Danfoss power filters can also be used for load sharing.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 51

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.13 Electrical Installation and Control Cables

Terminal number Terminal description Parameter number Factory default

1+2+3 Terminal 1+2+3 - Relay1 5-40 No operation
12 Terminal 12, DC 24V Supply - +24 V DC
18 Terminal 18 Digital Input 5-10 Start
19 Terminal 19 Digital Input 5-11 Reversing
20 Terminal 20 Common Digital Ground - Common
27 Terminal 27 Digital Input 5-12 Reset
29 Terminal 29 Digital Input 5-13 Jog
33 Terminal 33 Digital Input 5-15 Preset ref bit 0

42

50 Terminal 50 Supply for Analog Input - +10 V DC

66

53

55 Terminal 55 Common Analog Ground - Common
60 Terminal 60 Current Input 3-16/6-2* Reference

Table 6.3 Terminal Connections

Terminal 42 Analog Output/Digital

Output

Terminal 53 Analog Input (Voltage or

Current)

6-9* No operation

3-15/6-1* Reference

Very long control cables and analog signals may, in rare
cases and depending on installation, result in 50/60 Hz
ground loops due to noise from mains supply cables.

If this occurs, break the screen or insert a 100 nF capacitor
between screen and chassis.

NOTICE

The common of digital/analog inputs and outputs should
be

connected to separate common terminals 20, 39, and

55. This avoids ground current interference among
groups. For example, it avoids switching on digital
inputs disturbing analog inputs.

NOTICE

Control cables must be screened/armoured.

6.14 Control Terminals

6.14.1 Access to Control Terminals

All control cable terminals are located underneath the
terminal
the terminal cover using a screwdriver.

cover in front of the frequency converter. Remove

Illustration 6.13 Removing Terminal Cover

NOTICE

See back of terminal cover for outlines of control
terminals

and switches.

52 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.14.2 Connecting to Control Terminals

Illustration 6.14
converter. Applying Start (terminal 18) and an analog
reference (terminals 53 or 60) make the frequency
converter run.

Illustration 6.14 Overview of Control Terminals in PNP-configu­ration

and Factory Setting.

shows all control terminals of the frequency

6.15 Switches

NOTICE

Do not operate switches with power on the frequency
converter.

S200 Switches 1-4

Switch 1

Switch 2

Switch 3 No function

Switch 4

*=default setting

Illustration 6.16 S200 Switches 1-4

*Off=PNP terminals 29
On=NPN
*Off=PNP terminal 18, 19, 27 and 33
On=NPN

*Off=Terminal 53 0-10 V
On=Terminal

terminals 29

terminal 18, 19, 27 and 33

53 0/4-20 mA

NOTICE

Parameter 6-19 Terminal 53 Mode

to Switch 4 position.

6 6

must be set according

Bus termination

Switch

BUS TER position ON terminates the RS-485 port,

terminals 68, 69. See Illustration 6.12.
Default setting = Off

Illustration 6.15 S640 Bus Termination

6.16 Final Set-Up and Test

To test the set-up and ensure that the frequency converter
is

running, follow these steps.

Step 1. Locate the motor name plate

The motor is either star- (Y) or delta-connected (Δ). This
information is located on the motor name plate data.

Step 2. Enter the motor name plate data in this
parameter list

To access this list first press the [Quick Menu] key then
select Q2 Quick Setup.

1. Motor Power [kW]
or Motor Power [HP]

2. Motor Voltage 1-22 Motor Voltage

3. Motor Frequency 1-23 Motor Frequency

4. Motor Current 1-24 Motor Current

5.
Motor Nominal Speed

Table 6.4 Parameters for Quick Setup

1-20 Motor Power [kW]
1-21 Motor Power [HP]

1-25 Motor Nominal
Speed

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 53

3~ MOTOR NR. 1827421 2003

S/E005A9

1,5 K W

n 31,5 /min. 400 Y V

n 1400 /min. 50 Hz

COS  0,80 3,6 A

1,7L

B IP 65 H1/1A

BAUER D-7 3734 ESLINGEN

130BT307.10

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Successful AMT

The display shows “Press [OK] to finish AMT”.

1.

2. Press [OK] to exit the AMT state.

Unsuccessful AMT

1. The frequency converter enters into alarm mode.
A description of the alarm can be found in the

Troubleshooting section in VLT Micro Drive FC 51
Programming Guide.

2. "Report Value” in the [Alarm Log] shows the last
measuring sequence carried out by the AMT,
before the frequency converter entered alarm
mode. This number along with the description of
the alarm assists in troubleshooting. Contact

66

Danfoss Service and make sure to mention
number and alarm description.

Unsuccessful AMT is often caused by incorrectly registered
motor name plate data or too big difference between the
motor power size and the frequency converter power size.

Step 4. Set speed limit and ramp time

Set-up the desired limits for speed and ramp time.

Illustration 6.17 Motor Name Plate Example

Step

3. Activate the Automatic Motor Tuning (AMT)

Performing an AMT ensures optimum performance. The
AMT measures the values from the motor model
equivalent diagram.

1. Connect terminal 27 to terminal 12 or set

5-12 Terminal 27 Digital Input to [0] No function

2.

Activate the AMT 1-29 Automatic Motor
Adaptation (AMA).

3. Select between complete or reduced AMT. If an
LC filter is mounted, run only the reduced AMT,
or remove the LC filter during the AMT
procedure.

4. Press [OK]. The display shows “Press [Hand On] to
start”.

5. Press [Hand On]. A progress bar indicates if the
AMT is in progress.

Stop the AMT during operation

1. Press [Off] - the frequency converter enters into
alarm mode and the display shows that the user
terminated the AMT.

Minimum Reference
Maximum Reference

Table 6.5 Reference Limit Parameters

Motor Speed Low Limit

Motor Speed High Limit

Table 6.6 Speed Limit Parameters

Ramp-up Time 1 [s]
Ramp-down Time 1 [s]

Table 6.7 Ramp Time Parameters

3-02 Minimum Reference
3-03 Maximum Reference

4-11 Motor Speed Low Limit
[RPM]
Limit [Hz]
4-13 Motor Speed High Limit
[RPM]
Limit [Hz]

3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time
3-42 Ramp 1 Ramp Down Time

or 4-12 Motor Speed Low

or 4-14 Motor Speed High

54 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

LC filter

130BC013.10

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.17 Parallel Connection of Motors

The frequency converter can control several parallel­connected
motors must not exceed the rated output current I
the frequency converter.

When motors are connected in parallel, 1-29 Automatic
Motor Tuning (AMT) cannot be used.

Problems may arise at start and at low RPM values if motor
sizes are widely different because small motors' relatively
high ohmic resistance in the stator calls for a higher
voltage at start and at low RPM values.

motors. The total current consumption of the

for

INV

The electronic thermal relay (ETR) of the frequency
converter cannot be used as motor protection for the
individual motor of systems with parallel-connected
motors. Provide further motor protection by for example
thermistors in each motor or individual thermal relays.
(Circuit breakers are not suitable as protection).

6 6

Illustration 6.18 Parallel Connection of Motors

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 55

130BC011.10

68 69 68 69 68 69

RS 485

RS 232
USB

+

-

How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.18 Motor Installation

6.19.2 How to Connect a PC to the
Frequency

Converter

6.18.1 Motor Insulation

To control or program the frequency converter from a PC,

For motor cable lengths ≤
listed in chapter 9.1 Specifications, the following motor
insulation ratings are recommended because the peak
voltage can be up to twice the DC link voltage, 2.8 times
the mains voltage, due to transmission line effects in the
motor cable. If a motor has lower insulation rating it
recommended to use a dU/dt or sine wave filter.

Nominal Mains Voltage Motor Insulation

V

UN≤420

66

420 V<UN≤500
500 V<UN≤600
600 V<UN≤690 V Reinforced ULL=2000 V

Table 6.8 Motor Insulation Ratings

V Reinforced ULL=1600 V
V Reinforced ULL=1800 V

6.19 Installation of Misc. Connections

6.19.1 RS-485 Bus Connection

the maximum cable length

Standard ULL=1300

V

install

the PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up

Software.

MCT 10 Set-up Software

MCT 10 Set-up Software has been designed as an easy to
use interactive tool for setting parameters in our frequency
converters.
The PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up Software
are useful for:

Planning a communication network off-line. MCT

•

10 Set-up Software contains a complete
frequency converter database

Commissioning frequency converters on line

•

Saving settings for all frequency converters

•

Replacing a frequency converter in a network

•

Expanding an existing network

•

Future developed frequency converters will be

•

supported

One or more frequency converters can be connected to a

(or master) using the RS-485 standardised interface.

control
Terminal 68 is connected to the P signal (TX+, RX+), while
terminal 69 is connected to the N signal (TX-,RX-).

If more than one frequency converter is connected to a
master, use parallel connections.

Illustration 6.19 RS-485 Bus Connection

To avoid potential equalizing currents in the screen,

the cable screen via terminal 61, which is

ground
connected to the frame via an RC-link.

Save Drive Settings

1. Connect a PC to the unit via USB com port

2. Open PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up
Software

3.

Select Read from drive

4.

Select Save as

All parameters are now stored in the PC.

Save Drive Settings

1. Connect a PC to the unit via USB com port

2. Open PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up
Software

3.

Select Open – stored files is shown

4. Open the appropriate file

5.

Select Write to drive

All parameter settings are now transferred to the
frequency converter.

A separate manual for PC-based Configuration Tool MCT
10 Set-up Software is available.

Bus termination

The RS-485 bus must be terminated by a resistor network
at both ends. For this purpose, set switch S801 on the
control card for "ON".
For more information, see the chapter Switches S201, S202,
and S801.

Communication protocol must be set to 8-30 Protocol.

56 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

How to Install

The PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up
Software

The following modules are included in the software
package:

modules

MCT 10 Set-up Software

parameters

Setting
Copy to and from frequency converters
Documentation and print out of parameter
settings incl. diagrams

Ext. User Interface

Preventive
Clock settings
Timed Action Programming
Smart Logic Controller Set-up

Table 6.9 MCT 10 Set-up Software

Maintenance Schedule

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6 6

Ordering

Order the CD containing the PC-based Configuration Tool
MCT 10 Set-up Software using code number 130B1000.

MCT 10 Set-up Software can also be downloaded from the
Danfoss Internet: www.danfoss.com/BusinessAreas/DrivesSo-
lutions/Softwaredownload/DDPC+Software+Program.htm.

number:

6.20 Safety

6.20.1 High Voltage Test

Carry out a high voltage test by short-circuiting terminals

V, W, L1, L2 and L3. Energise maximum 2.15 kV DC for

U,
380-500 V frequency converters and 2.525 kV DC for
525-690 V frequency converters for 1 s between this short­circuit and the chassis.

WARNING

When running high voltage tests of the entire instal-

interrupt the mains and motor connection if the

lation,
leakage currents are too high.
Failure to follow recommendations could result in death
or serious injury.

6.20.2 Safety Earth Connection

The frequency converter has a high leakage current and
must

be grounded appropriately for safety reasons

according to EN 50178.

WARNING

The ground leakage current from the frequency
converter
connection from the earth cable to the earth connection
(terminal 95), the cable cross-section must be at least 10
mm2 or 2 rated ground wires terminated separately.

exceeds 3.5 mA. To ensure a good mechanical

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 57

Programming

7 Programming

7.1 How to Programme

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

7.1.1 Programming with MCT 10 Set-up
Software

The frequency converter can be programmed from a PC

RS-485 com-port by installing the MCT 10 Set-up

via
Software.

This software can either be ordered using code number
130B1000 or downloaded from the Danfoss Web site:

www.danfoss.com/BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/software­download

®

77

Refer to VLT
Operating Instructions.

Motion Control Tools MCT 10 Set-up Software,

7.1.2 Programming with the LCP 11 or LCP

The display

Different

Set-up number shows the active set-up and the edit set­up. If the same set-up acts as both active and edit set-up,
only that set-up number is shown (factory setting).
When active and edit set-up differ, both numbers are
shown in the display (Set-up 12). The number flashing,
indicates the edit set-up.

information can be read from the display.

Illustration 7.3 Indicating Set-up

12

The LCP is divided into 4 functional groups:

1.

Numeric display

2. Menu key

3. Navigation keys

4. Operation keys and indicator lights (LEDs)

The small digits to the left are the selected parameter
number.

Illustration 7.1 LCP 12 with Potentiometer

Illustration 7.2 LCP 11 without Potentiometer

Illustration 7.4 Indicating Selected Parameter Number

The large digits in the middle of the display show the

of the selected parameter.

value

Illustration 7.5 Indicating Value of Selected Parameter

The right side of the display shows the unit of the selected
parameter.
RPM.

This can be either Hz, A, V, kW, HP, %, s or

58 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Programming

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Illustration 7.6 Indicating Unit of Selected Parameter

Motor direction is shown to the bottom left of the display

- indicated by a small arrow pointing either clockwise or

counterclockwise.

Illustration 7.7 Indicating Motor Direction

Press [Menu] to select one of the following menus

Status

Menu

The Status Menu is either in Readout Mode or Hand on
Mode. In Readout Mode the value of the currently selected

readout parameter is shown in the display.

In Hand on Mode the local LCP reference is displayed.

Quick Menu

Displays Quick Menu parameters and their settings.
Parameters in the Quick Menu can be accessed and edited
from here. Most applications can be run by setting the
parameters in the Quick Menus.

Main Menu

Displays Main Menu parameters and their settings. All
parameters can be accessed and edited here.

Pressing [OK] for more than 1 s enters Adjust
Adjust mode, it is possible to make fast adjustment by

pressing [▲] [▼] combined with [OK].

Press [▲] [▼] to change value. Press [OK] to shift between
digits quickly.

To exit 'Adjust' mode, press [OK] more than 1 s again with
changes saving or press [Back] without changes saving.

Operation Keys

A yellow light above the operation keys indicates the
active key.
[Hand On]: Starts the motor and enables control of the
frequency converter via the LCP.
[Off/Reset]: The motor stops except in alarm mode. In
alarm mode, the motor is reset.
[Auto On]: The frequency converter is controlled either via
control terminals or serial communication.
[Potentiometer] (LCP 12): The potentiometer works in 2
ways depending on the mode in which the frequency
converter is running.
In Auto Mode the potentiometer acts as an extra
programmable analog input.
In Hand on Mode the potentiometer controls local
reference.

mode. In

7.2 Status Menu

After power up, the Status Menu is active. Press [Menu] to

between Status, Quick Menu and Main Menu.

toggle

[▲] and [▼] toggles between the choices in each menu.

The display indicates the status mode with a small arrow
above “Status”.

7 7

Indicator lights

Green LED: The frequency converter is on.

•

Yellow LED: Indicates a warning. See chapter

•

Troubleshooting in the VLT Micro Drive FC 51
Programming Guide.

Flashing red LED: Indicates an alarm. See chapter

•

Troubleshooting in VLT Micro Drive FC 51
Programming Guide.

Navigation Keys
[Back]: For moving to the previous step or layer in the

navigation structure.
[▲] [▼]: For maneuvering between parameter groups,

parameters and within parameters.
[OK]: For selecting a parameter and for accepting changes
to parameter settings.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 59

Illustration 7.8 Indicating Status Mode

7.3 Quick Menu

The Quick Menu gives easy access to the most frequently

parameters.

used

1. To enter the Quick Menu, press [Menu] key until

indicator in display is placed above Quick Menu.

2.

Press [▲] [▼] to select either QM1 or QM2, then
press [OK].

Programming

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

3.

4. Press [OK] to select a parameter.

5.

6. Press [OK] to accept the change.

7.

[▲] [▼] to browse through the parameters

Press
in the Quick Menu.

Press [▲] [▼] to change the value of a parameter
setting.

To exit, press either [Back] twice to enter Status,
or press [Menu] once to enter Main Menu.

NOTICE

Changing this parameter affects parameter 1-22 to 1-25,

1-33 and 1-35.

1-30,

1-22 Motor Voltage (U_

Range: Function:

230/400 V [50-999 V] Enter motor voltage from nameplate

1-23 Motor Frequency (f_

data.

m.n

m.n

)

)

Range: Function:

50 Hz* [20-400 Hz] Enter motor frequency from nameplate

data.

Illustration 7.9 Indicating Quick Menu Mode

1-24 Motor Current (I_

m.n

)

Range: Function:

M-type dependent* [0.01-100.00 A] Enter motor current from

77

7.4 Quick Menu Parameters

7.4.1 Quick Menu Parameters - Basic
Settings

QM1

1-25 Motor Nominal Speed (n_

Range: Function:

M-type Dependent* [100-9999 RPM] Enter motor nominal

Below are descriptions of all parameters found in the Quick
Menu.

nameplate

)

m.n

speed
data.

data.

from nameplate

1-29 Automatic Motor Tuning (AMT)

＊=Factory

1-20 Motor Power [kW]/[HP] (P

Option: Function:

[1] 0.09 kW/0.12 HP
[2] 0.12 kW/0.16 HP
[3] 0.18kW/0.25 HP
[4] 0.25 kW/0.33 HP
[5] 0.37kW/0.50 HP
[6] 0.55 kW/0.75 HP
[7] 0.75 kW/1.00 HP
[8] 1.10 kW/1.50 HP
[9] 1.50 kW/2.00 HP
[10] 2.20 kW/3.00 HP
[11] 3.00 kW/4.00 HP
[12] 3.70 kW/5.00 HP
[13] 4.00 kW/5.40 HP
[14] 5.50 kW/7.50 HP
[15] 7.50 kW/10.0 HP
[16] 11.00 kW/15.00 HP
[17] 15.00 kW/20.00 HP
[18] 18.50 kW/25.00 HP
[19] 22.00 kW/29.50 HP
[20] 30.00 kW/40.00 HP

setting.

)

m.n

Enter motor power from nameplate
data.
Two

sizes down, one size up from

nominal VLT rating.

Option: Function:

Use AMT to optimise motor performance.

NOTICE

This parameter cannot be changed while
motor

runs.

1. Stop the frequency converter - make
sure motor is at standstill

2.

Select [2] Enable AMT

3. Apply start signal

- Via LCP: Press [Hand On]

- Or in Remote On mode: Apply start
signal on terminal 18

[0] * Off AMT function is disabled.
[2] Enable

AMT

3-02 Minimum Reference

Range: Function:

0.00* [-4999-4999] Enter value for minimum reference.

AMT function starts running.

NOTICE

To gain optimum tuning of the frequency
converter,

run AMT on a cold motor.

sum of all internal and external

The
references are clamped (limited) to the
minimum reference value, 3-02 Minimum
Reference.

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Programming

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

3-03 Maximum Reference

Range: Function:

Maximum Reference is adjustable in the

Minimum Reference -4999.

range

50.00* [-4999-4999] Enter value for Maximum Reference.
sum of all internal and external

The
references are clamped (limited) to the
maximum reference value, 3-03 Maximum
Reference.

3-41 Ramp1 Ramp-up Time

Range: Function:

Size
related*

[0.05-3600.00 s] Enter ramp-up time from 0 Hz to

motor frequency (f

rated
1-23 Motor Frequency.
Select a ramp-up time ensuring
that torque limit is not exceeded,
see 4-16 Torque Limit in Motor
Mode.

M,N

) set in

3-42 Ramp1 Ramp-down Time

Range: Function:

Size
related*

[0.05-3600.00s]Enter ramp down time from rated

frequency (f

motor
Frequency to 0 Hz.
Select a ramp down time that does
not cause overvoltage in the inverter
due to regenerative operation of
motor. Furthermore, regenerative
torque must not exceed limit set in
4-17 Torque Limit in Generator Mode.

) in 1-23 Motor

M,N

7.4.2 Quick Menu Parameters - PI Basic
Settings

The following is a brief description of the parameters for
the

PI Basic Settings. For a more detailed description, see

®

VLT

Micro Drive FC 51 Programming Guide..

1-00 Configuration Mode

Option: Function:

QM2

Use this parameter for selecting the
application
a Remote Reference is active.

control principle to be used when

NOTICE

Changing this parameter resets 3-00
Reference

Range, 3-02 Minimum

Reference and 3-03 Maximum Reference

to their default values.

NOTICE

This parameter cannot be adjusted
while

motor runs.

[0 ] * Speed

Open

For normal speed control (References).

Loop

1-00 Configuration Mode

Option: Function:

[3] Process

Closed
Loop

Enables process closed loop control. See
parameter
further information on PI-controller.

group 7-3* Process PI Control for

3-02 Minimum Reference

Range: Function:

0.00* [-4999-4999] Enter value for minimum reference.
The

sum of all internal and external

references are clamped (limited) to the
minimum reference value, 3-02 Minimum
Reference.

3-03 Maximum Reference

Range: Function:

Maximum Reference is adjustable in the

Minimum Reference -4999.

range

50.00* [-4999-4999] Enter value for Maximum Reference.

sum of all internal and external

The
references are clamped (limited) to the
maximum reference value, 3-03 Maximum
Reference.

3-10 Preset Reference

Option: Function:

Each parameter set-up contains 8 preset
references
digital inputs or bus.

Table 7.1 Parameter Group 5-1*
Digital
[18]

[0.00]*-100.00-100.00% Enter the different preset references

using
Normally, 100%=value set in 3-03
Maximum Reference.
However, there are exceptions if 3-00
Reference Range is set to [0] Min - Max.
Example 1:

3-02 Minimum Reference is set to 20 and
3-03 Maximum Reference is set to 50. In

this case 0%=0 and 100%=50.
Example 2:

which are selectable via 3

[18]
Bit2

[17]
Bit1

0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 2
0 1 1 3
1 0 0 4
1 0 1 5
1 1 0 6
1 1 1 7

Inputs Option [16], [17] and

array programming.

[16]

Bit0

[16]
Bit0

7 7

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 61

Programming

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

3-10 Preset Reference

Option: Function:

3-02 Minimum Reference
and 3-03 Maximum Reference is set to

50. In this case 0%=0 and 100%=70.

4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit

Range: Function:

0.0 Hz* [0.0-400.0 Hz]

Set the Minimum
corresponding to the minimum output
frequency of the motor shaft.

NOTICE

As the minimum output frequency
is an absolute value, it cannot be
deviated from.

is set to -70

Motor Speed Limit

6-25 Terminal 60 High Ref./Feedb. Value

Range: Function:

The scaling value corresponding to the

current set in 6-23 Terminal 60 High

high
Current.

50.00* [-4999-4999] Enter analog input scaling value.

6-26 Terminal 60 Filter Time Constant

Range: Function:

A first-order digital low pass filter time

for suppressing electrical noise

constant
in terminal 60. A high time constant
value improves dampening, but also
increases time delay through the filter.

NOTICE

This parameter cannot be changed

4-14 Motor Speed High Limit

77

Range: Function:

65.0 Hz* [0.0-400.0 Hz]

Set the Maximum
corresponding to the maximum output
frequency of the motor shaft.

Motor Speed

0.01 s* [0.01-10.00 s] Enter time constant.

7-20 Process CL Feedback Resources

Option: Function:

NOTICE

As the maximum output
frequency

is an absolute value, it

cannot be deviated from.

6-22 Terminal 60 Low Current

Range: Function:

This reference signal should
correspond
value set in 6-24 Terminal 60 Low
Ref./Feedb. Value.

0.14 mA* [0.00-19.90 mA] Enter low current value.

to minimum reference

CAUTION

The value must be set to min. 2 mA to activate the Live
Zero

Timeout function in 6-01 Live Zero Timeout Time.

[0] * No Function
[1] Analog Input 53
[2] Analog Input 60
[8] Pulse Input 33
[11] Local Bus Ref.

7-30 Process PI Normal/Inverse Control

Option: Function:

[0] * Normal Feedback larger than setpoint results in a speed

reduction.
Feedback
increase.

[1] Inverse Feedback larger than setpoint results in a speed

increase.
Feedback
reduction.

while motor runs.

Select input to function as feedback
signal.

less than setpoint results in a speed

less than setpoint results in a speed

6-23 Terminal 60 High Current

Range: Function:

This reference signal should
correspond
value set in 6-25 Terminal 60 High
Ref./Feedb. Value.

20.00 mA* [0.10-20.00 mA] Enter high current value.

to the high current

6-24 Terminal 60 Low Ref./Feedb. Value

Range: Function:

The scaling value corresponding to the

current set in 6-22 Terminal 60 Low

low
Current.

0.000* [-4999-4999] Enter analog input scaling value.

7-31 Process PI Anti Windup

Option: Function:

[0] Disable Regulation of a given error continues even when

the

output frequency cannot be increased/

decreased.

[1] * Enable PI-controller ceases from regulating a given error

the output frequency cannot be increased/

when
decreased.

7-32 Process PI Start Speed

Range: Function:

0.0 Hz* [0.0-200.0 Hz] Until the set motor speed has been

the frequency converter

reached,
operates in open loop mode.

62 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Programming

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

7-33 Process PI Proportional Gain

Option: Function:

[0.01] * 0.00-10.00 Enter the value for the P proportional gain,

the multiplication factor of the error

i.e.
between the setpoint and the feedback
signal.

NOTICE

0.00=Off.

7-34 Process PI Integral Time

Range: Function:

9999.00 s* [0.10-9999.00 s] The integrator provides an
increasing gain at a constant error
between the set point and the
feedback signal. The integral time
is the time needed by the
integrator to reach the same gain
as the proportional gain.

7-38 Process Feed Forward Factor

Range: Function:

0%* [0-400%] The FF factor sends a part of the reference

around the PI controller which then only

signal
affects part of the control signal.
By activating the FF factor less overshoot and
high dynamics are gained when changing the
setpoint.
This parameter is always active when 1-00
Configuration Mode is set to [3] Process.

7.5 Main Menu

[Main Menu] is used for programming all parameters. The
Main

Menu parameters can be accessed immediately

unless a password has been created via 0-60 Main Menu
Password. For most VLT® Micro Drive applications it is not

necessary to access the Main Menu parameters, but
instead the Quick Menu provides the simplest and quickest
access to the typical required parameters.

7.6 Quick Transfer of Parameter Settings
between Multiple Frequency Converters

Once the set-up of a frequency converter is complete,
Danfoss
PC via MCT 10 Set-up Software tool.

Data transfer from frequency converter to LCP:

recommends to store the data in the LCP or on a

WARNING

Stop the motor before performing this operation.

1.

Go to 0-50 LCP Copy

2. Press [OK]

3.

Select [1] All to LCP

4. Press [OK]

Connect the LCP to another frequency converter and copy
the parameter settings to this frequency converter as well.

Data transfer from LCP to frequency converter:

WARNING

Stop the motor before performing this operation.

1.

Go

to 0-50 LCP Copy

2. Press [OK]

3.

Select [2] All from LCP

4. Press [OK]

7.7 Read-out and Programming of Indexed
Parameters

Use chapter
QM2 as an example.

Press [OK] for selecting a parameter and use [▲]/[▼] for
maneuvering between the indexed values.

7.4.2 Quick Menu Parameters - PI Basic Settings

7 7

The Main Menu accesses all parameters.

1. Press [Menu] key until indicator in display is
placed above “Main Menu”.

2.

Use [▲] [▼] to browse through the parameter
groups.

3. Press [OK] to select a parameter group.

4.

Use [▲] [▼] to browse through the parameters in
the specific group.

5. Press [OK] to select the parameter.

6.

Use [▲] [▼] to set/change the parameter value.

Press [Back] to go back one level.

To change the parameter value, select the indexed value
and press [OK].

Change the value using [▲]/[▼].

Press [OK] to accept the new setting.

Pressing [OK] for more than 1 s enters Adjust mode. In
Adjust mode, it is possible to make fast adjustment by

pressing [▲]/[▼] combined with [OK].

Press [▲]/[▼] to change value. Press [OK] to shift between
digits quickly. To exit modification mode, press [OK] more
than 1 s again with change saving or press [Back] without
change saving. Press [Back] to leave the parameter.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 63

Programming

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

7.8 Initialise the Frequency Converter to
Default Settings in two Ways

Recommended initialisation (via 14-22 Operation Mode)

1.

Select 14-22 Operation Mode.

2. Press [OK].

3.

Select Initialisation and Press [OK].

4. Cut off the mains supply and wait until the
display turns off.

5. Reconnect the mains supply - the frequency
converter is now reset. Except the following

parameters.

8-30 Protocol
8-31 Address

77

2 finger initialisation:

Initialisation of parameters is confirmed by AL80 in the
display after the power cycle.

8-32 Baud Rate
8-33 Parity / Stop Bits
8-35 Minimum Response Delay
8-36 Maximum Response Delay
15-00 Operating hours to 15-05 Over Volt's
15-03 Power Up's
15-04 Over Temp's
15-05 Over Volt's
15-30 Alarm Log: Error Code
15-4* Drive Identification parameters

1. Power off the frequency converter.

2. Press [OK] and [Menu].

3. Power up the frequency converter while still
pressing the keys above for 10 s 2 finger initiali­sation

4. The frequency converter is now reset, except the
following parameters:

15-00 Operating hours
15-03 Power Up's
15-04 Over Temp's
15-05 Over Volt's
15-4* Drive identification parameters

64 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

61 68 69

N

P

COMM. GND

130BB795.10

130BB966.10

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8 RS-485 Installation and Set-up

8.1 RS-485 Installation and Set-up

8.1.1 Overview

RS-485 is a 2-wire bus interface compatible with multi-drop
network
bus, or via drop cables from a common trunk line. A total
of 32 nodes can be connected to one network segment.
Repeaters divide network segments.

topology, that is, nodes can be connected as a

NOTICE

Each repeater functions as a node within the segment in
which

it is installed. Each node connected within a given
network must have a unique node address across all
segments.

Terminate each segment at both ends, using either the
termination
biased termination resistor network. Always use screened
twisted pair (STP) cable for bus cabling, and always follow
good common installation practice.
Low-impedance ground connection of the screen at every
node is important, including at high frequencies. Thus,
connect a large surface of the screen to ground, for
example with a cable clamp or a conductive cable gland. It
may be necessary to apply potential-equalising cables to
maintain the same earth potential throughout the network

- particularly in installations with long cables.
To prevent impedance mismatch, always use the same
type of cable throughout the entire network. When
connecting a motor to the frequency converter, always use
screened motor cable.

switch (S801) of the frequency converters or a

NOTICE

Screened, twisted-pair cables are recommended to
reduce

noise between conductors.

Illustration 8.1 Network Connection

8.1.3 Frequency Converter Hardware Set­up

Use the terminator dip switch on the main control board
of

the frequency converter to terminate the RS-485 bus.

8 8

Cable Screened twisted pair (STP)

Impedance
[Ω]
Cable length
[m]

Table 8.1 Cable Specifications

120

Max. 1200 (including drop lines)

500 station-to-station

Max.

8.1.2 Network Connection

Connect the frequency converter to the RS-485 network

follows (see also Illustration 8.1):

as

1. Connect signal wires to terminal 68 (P+) and
terminal 69 (N-) on the main control board of the
frequency converter.

2. Connect the cable screen to the cable clamps.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 65

Illustration 8.2 Terminator Switch Factory Setting

The factory setting for the dip switch is OFF.

Fieldbus cable

Brake resistor

Min.200mm

90° crossing

130BC010.10

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.1.4 EMC Precautions

The following EMC precautions are recommended in order

achieve interference-free operation of the RS-485

to
network.

Relevant national and local regulations, for example
regarding protective earth connection, must be observed.
Keep the RS-485 communication cable away from motor
and brake resistor cables to avoid coupling of high
frequency noise from one cable to another. Normally, a
distance of 200 mm (8 inches) is sufficient, but keeping the
greatest possible distance between the cables is generally
recommended, especially where cables run in parallel over
long distances. When crossing is unavoidable, the RS-485
cable must cross motor and brake resistor cables at an
angle of 90°.

88

8.1.5 Frequency Converter Parameter
Settings

The following parameters apply to the RS-485 interface
(FC-port):

Parameter Function

8-30 Protocol Select the application protocol to run on

8-31 Address Set the node address.

for Modbus Communication

RS-485 interface

the

NOTICE

The address range depends on the
protocol

8-32 Baud Rate Set the baud rate.

selected in 8-30 Protocol

NOTICE

The default baud rate depends on the

selected in 8-30 Protocol

8-33 Parity / Stop
Bits

protocol

Set the parity and number of stop bits.

NOTICE

The default selection depends on the
protocol selected in 8-30 Protocol

Illustration 8.3 EMC Precautions for RS-485

8-35 Minimum
Response

8-36 Maximum
Response

Delay

Delay

Table 8.2 Parameters Related to RS-485 Interface

Specify a minimum delay time between
receiving
response. This function is for overcoming
modem turnaround delays.
Specify a maximum delay time between
transmitting
response.

a request and transmitting a

a request and receiving a

8.2 FC Protocol Overview

The FC protocol, also referred to as FC bus or Standard

is the Danfoss standard fieldbus. It defines an access

bus,
technique according to the master-follower principle for
communications via a serial bus.
One master and a maximum of 126 followers can be
connected to the bus. The master selects the individual
followers via an address character in the telegram. A
follower itself can never transmit without first being
requested to do so, and direct message transfer between
the individual followers is not possible. Communications
occur in the half-duplex mode.
The master function cannot be transferred to another node
(single-master system).

66 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

0 1 32 4 5 6 7

195NA036.10

Start
bit

Even Stop
Parity bit

STX LGE ADR DATA BCC

195NA099.10

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

The physical layer is RS-485, thus utilising the RS-485 port

into the frequency converter. The FC protocol

built
supports different telegram formats:

A short format of 8 bytes for process data

•

A long format of 16 bytes that also includes a

•

parameter channel
A format used for texts

•

8.2.1 FC with Modbus RTU

The FC protocol provides access to the control word and

reference of the frequency converter.

bus

The control word allows the Modbus master to control
several important functions of the frequency converter.

Start

•

Stop of the frequency converter in various ways:

•

Coast stop

-

Quick stop

-

DC Brake stop

-

Normal (ramp) stop

-

Reset after a fault trip

•

Run at various preset speeds

•

Run in reverse

•

Change of the active set-up

•

Control of the 2 relays built into the frequency

•

converter

The bus reference is commonly used for speed control. It is
also possible to access the parameters, read their values,
and where possible, write values to them. This permits a
range of control options, including controlling the setpoint
of the frequency converter when its internal PI controller is
used.

8.3 Network Configuration

8.4 FC Protocol Message Framing Structure

8.4.1 Content of a Character (byte)

Each character transferred begins with a start bit. Then 8

bits are transferred, corresponding to a byte. Each

data
character is secured via a parity bit. This bit is set at "1"
when it reaches parity. Parity is when there is an equal
number of 1s in the 8 data bits and the parity bit in total.
A stop bit completes a character, thus consisting of 11 bits
in all.

Illustration 8.4 Content of a Character

8.4.2 Telegram Structure

Each telegram has the following structure:

1.

Start character (STX)=02 hex

2. A byte denoting the telegram length (LGE)

3. A byte denoting the frequency converter address
(ADR)

A number of data bytes (variable, depending on the type
of telegram) follows.

A data control byte (BCC) completes the telegram.

Illustration 8.5 Telegram Structure

8.4.3 Telegram Length (LGE)

8 8

8.3.1 Frequency Converter Set-up

Set the following parameters to enable the FC protocol for
the

frequency converter.

Parameter Setting

8-30 Protocol FC
8-31 Address 1-126
8-32 Baud Rate 2400-115200
8-33 Parity / Stop Bits Even parity, 1 stop bit (default)

Table 8.3 Network Configuration Parameters

The telegram length is the number of data bytes plus the

byte ADR and the data control byte BCC.

address

4 data bytes LGE=4+1+1=6 bytes
12 data bytes LGE=12+1+1=14 bytes
Telegramscontaining texts

Table 8.4 Length of Telegrams

1)

The 10 represents the fixed characters, while the “n’” is variable

(depending on the length of the text).

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 67

101)+n

bytes

ADRLGESTX PCD1 PCD2 BCC

130BA269.10

PKE INDADRLGESTX PCD1 PCD2 BCC

130BA271.10

PWE

high

PWE

low

PKE IND

130BA270.10

ADRLGESTX PCD1 PCD2 BCCCh1 Ch2 Chn

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4.4 Frequency Converter Address (ADR)

Address format 1-126

7=1 (address format 1-126 active)

Bit
Bit 0-6=frequency converter address 1-126
Bit 0-6=0 Broadcast

The follower returns the address byte unchanged to the
master in the response telegram.

8.4.5 Data Control Byte (BCC)

The checksum is calculated as an XOR-function. Before the
first byte in the telegram is received, the calculated
checksum is 0.

8.4.6 The Data Field

The structure of data blocks depends on the type of telegram. There are 3 telegram types, and the type applies for both
control

telegrams (master⇒follower) and response telegrams (follower⇒master).

The 3 types of telegram are:

Process block (PCD)

The PCD is made up of a data block of 4 bytes (2 words) and contains:

Control

•

88

•

word and reference value (from master to follower)

Status word and present output frequency (from follower to master)

Illustration 8.6 Process Block

Parameter block

The parameter block is used to transfer parameters between master and follower. The data block is made up of 12 bytes (6

and also contains the process block.

words)

Illustration 8.7 Parameter Block

Text block

The text block is used to read or write texts via the data block.

Illustration 8.8 Text Block

68 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

130BB918.10

PKE IND

PWE

high

PWE

low

AK PNU

Parameter

commands

and replies

Parameter

number

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4.7 The PKE Field

The PKE field contains 2 subfields: Parameter command

response (AK) and Parameter number (PNU):

and

Illustration 8.9 PKE Field

Bits no. 12-15 transfer parameter commands from master
to

follower and return processed follower responses to the

master.

Parameter commands master⇒follower
Bit no. Parameter command

15 14 13 12
0 0 0 0 No command
0 0 0 1 Read parameter value
0 0 1 0 Write parameter value in RAM (word)
0 0 1 1 Write parameter value in RAM (double

word)

1 1 0 1 Write parameter value in RAM and

EEprom

(double word)

1 1 1 0 Write parameter value in RAM and

EEprom (word)

1 1 1 1 Read text

If the command cannot be performed, the follower sends

response:

this

0111 Command cannot be performed

- and issues the following fault report in the parameter
value:

Error code FC Specification

0 Illegal Parameter Number
1 Parameter cannot be changed.
2 Upper or lower limit exceeded
3 Subindex corrupted
4 No Array
5 Wrong Data Type
6 Not used
7 Not used
9 Description element not available
11 No parameter write access
15 No text available
17 Not while Running
18 Other error
100
>100
130 No bus access for this parameter
131 Write to factory set-up not possible
132 No LCP access
252 Unknown viewer
253 Request not supported
254 Unknown attribute
255 No error

Table 8.7 Follower Report

8.4.8 Parameter Number (PNU)

Bits no. 0-11 transfer parameter numbers. The function of
the relevant parameter is defined in the parameter

description in the VLT
Guide.

®

Micro Drive FC 51 Programming

8 8

Table 8.5 Parameter Commands

Response follower⇒master
Bit no. Response

15 14 13 12
0 0 0 0 No response
0 0 0 1 Parameter value transferred (word)
0 0 1 0 Parameter value transferred (double

0 1 1 1 Command cannot be performed
1 1 1 1 text transferred

Table 8.6 Response

word)

8.4.9 Index (IND)

The index is used with the parameter number to read/
write-access

parameters with an index, for example,

15-30 Alarm Log: Error Code. The index consists of 2 bytes;
a low byte, and a high byte. Index (IND)

Only the low byte is used as an index.

8.4.10 Parameter Value (PWE)

The parameter value block consists of 2 words (4 bytes),
and

the value depends on the defined command (AK). The
master prompts for a parameter value when the PWE block
contains no value. To change a parameter value (write),

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 69

E19E H

PKE IND PWE

high

PWE

low

0000 H 0000 H 03E8 H

130BA092.10

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

write the new value in the PWE block and send from the

to the follower.

master

When a follower responds to a parameter request (read
command), the present parameter value in the PWE block
is transferred and returned to the master. If a parameter
contains several data options, e.g. 0-01 Language, select
the data value by entering the value in the PWE block.
Serial communication is only capable of reading
parameters containing data type 9 (text string).

15-40 FC Type to 15-53 Power Card Serial Number contain

Conversion index Conversion factor

74 3600
2 100
1 10
0 1

-1 0.1

-2 0.01

-3 0.001

-4 0.0001

-5 0.00001

Table 8.9 Conversion

data type 9.
For example, read the unit size and mains voltage range in

8.4.13 Process Words (PCD)

15-40 FC Type. When a text string is transferred (read), the
length of the telegram is variable, and the texts are of
different lengths. The telegram length is defined in the

The block of process words is divided into 2 blocks of 16
bits,

which always occur in the defined sequence.

second byte of the telegram (LGE). When using text
transfer, the index character indicates whether it is a read
or a write command.

88

To read a text via the PWE block, set the parameter
command (AK) to ’F’ hex. The index character high-byte
must be “4”.

PCD 1 PCD 2

Control telegram (master⇒follower
word)

Control telegram (follower⇒master)
word

Table 8.10 Process Words (PCD)

control

status

Reference-value

Present output
frequency

8.4.11 Data Types Supported by the
Frequency

Converter

8.5 Examples

Unsigned means that there is no operational sign in the
telegram.

Data types Description

3 Integer 16
4 Integer 32
5 Unsigned 8
6 Unsigned 16
7 Unsigned 32
9 Text string

Table 8.8 Data Types

8.4.12 Conversion

The various attributes of each parameter are displayed in
the

chapter Parameter Lists in the Programming Guide.

Parameter values are transferred as whole numbers only.
Conversion factors are therefore used to transfer decimals.

4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit [Hz] has a conversion factor of

0.1.

To preset the minimum frequency to 10 Hz, transfer the
value 100. A conversion factor of 0.1 means that the value
transferred is multiplied by 0.1. The value 100 is thus
perceived as 10.0.

8.5.1 Writing a Parameter Value

Change 4-14
Write the data in EEPROM.

PKE=E19E hex - Write single word in 4-14 Motor Speed High
Limit [Hz]:

Data value 1000, corresponding to 100 Hz, see
chapter 8.4.12 Conversion.

The telegram looks like this:

Illustration 8.10 Telegram

Motor Speed High Limit [Hz] to 100 Hz.

IND=0000 hex
PWEHIGH=0000 hex
PWELOW=03E8 hex

70 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

119E H

PKE

IND

PWE

high

PWE

low

0000 H 0000 H 03E8 H

130BA093.10

1155 H

PKE IND PWE

high

PWE

low

0000 H 0000 H 0000 H

130BA094.10

130BA267.10

1155 H

PKE

IND

0000 H 0000 H 03E8 H

PWE

high

PWE

low

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

NOTICE

4-14 Motor Speed High Limit [Hz]

parameter command for write in EEPROM is “E”.
Parameter 4-14 is 19E in hexadecimal.

The response from the follower to the master is:

Illustration 8.11 Response from Master

8.5.2 Reading a Parameter Value

Read the value in 3-41

PKE=1155 hex - Read parameter value in 3-41 Ramp 1

Ramp Up Time

IND=0000 hex
PWE
PWE

=0000 hex

HIGH

=0000 hex

LOW

Illustration 8.12 Telegram

If the value in 3-41
response from the follower to the master is:

Illustration 8.13 Response

3E8 hex corresponds to 1000 decimal. The conversion
index

for 3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time is -2, that is, 0.01.

3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time is of the type Unsigned 32.

Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time

Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time is 10 s, the

is a single word, and the

8.6 Modbus RTU Overview

8.6.1 Assumptions

Danfoss assumes that the installed controller supports the
interfaces

in this document, and strictly observes all
requirements and limitations stipulated in the controller
and frequency converter.

8.6.2 What the User Should Already Know

The built-in Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) is
designed

to communicate with any controller that
supports the interfaces defined in this document. It is
assumed that the user has full knowledge of the
capabilities and limitations of the controller.

8.6.3 Modbus RTU Overview

Regardless of the type of physical communication
networks,
a controller uses to request access to another device. This
process includes how the Modbus RTU responds to
requests from another device, and how errors are detected
and reported. It also establishes a common format for the
layout and contents of message fields.
During communications over a Modbus RTU network, the
protocol determines:

If a reply is required, the controller constructs the reply
message and sends it.
Controllers communicate using a master-follower
technique in which only the master can initiate
transactions (called queries). Followers respond by
supplying the requested data to the master, or by taking
the action requested in the query.
The master can address individual followers, or initiate a
broadcast message to all followers. Followers return a
response to queries that are addressed to them
individually. No responses are returned to broadcast
queries from the master. The Modbus RTU protocol
establishes the format for the master’s query by providing
the device (or broadcast) address, a function code defining
the requested action, any data to be sent, and an error­checking field. The follower’s response message is also
constructed using Modbus protocol. It contains fields
confirming the action taken, any data to be returned, and
an error-checking field. If an error occurs in receipt of the
message, or if the follower is unable to perform the

the Modbus RTU Overview describes the process

How each controller learns its device address

•

Recognises a message addressed to it

•

Determines which actions to take

•

Extracts any data or other information contained

•

in the message

8 8

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 71

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

requested action, the follower constructs an error message,

send it in response, or a time-out occurs.

and

8.6.4 Frequency Converter with Modbus
RTU

The frequency converter communicates in Modbus RTU
format

over the built-in RS-485 interface. Modbus RTU
provides access to the control word and bus reference of
the frequency converter.

The control word allows the modbus master to control
several important functions of the frequency converter:

Start

•

Stop of the frequency converter in various ways:

•

Coast stop

-

Quick stop

-

DC Brake stop

-

88

Reset after a fault trip

•

Run at a variety of preset speeds

•

Run in reverse

•

Change the active set-up

•

Control the frequency converter’s built-in relay

•

The bus reference is commonly used for speed control. It is
also possible to access the parameters, read their values,
and where possible, write values to them. This permits a
range of control options, including controlling the setpoint
of the frequency converter when its internal PI controller is
used.

Normal (ramp) stop

-

8.7 Network Configuration

To enable Modbus RTU on the frequency converter, set the
following

Parameter Setting

8-30 Protocol Modbus RTU
8-31 Address 1-247
8-32 Baud Rate 2400-115200
8-33 Parity / Stop Bits Even parity, 1 stop bit (default)

parameters:

8.8 Modbus RTU Message Framing
Structure

8.8.1 Frequency Converter with Modbus

RTU

The controllers are set up to communicate on the Modbus
network
each byte in a message containing 2 4-bit hexadecimal
characters. The format for each byte is shown in Table 8.12.

using RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) mode, with

Start
bit

Table 8.12 Format for Each Byte

Coding System 8-bit binary, hexadecimal 0-9, A-F. 2

Bits Per Byte 1 start bit

Error Check Field Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC)

Data byte Stop/

parity

hexadecimal characters contained in each 8­bit field of the message

data bits, least significant bit sent first

8
1 bit for even/odd parity; no bit for no
parity
1 stop bit if parity is used; 2 bits if no parity

Stop

8.8.2 Modbus RTU Message Structure

The transmitting device places a Modbus RTU message
into a frame with a known beginning and ending point.
This allows receiving devices to begin at the start of the
message, read the address portion, determine which
device is addressed (or all devices, if the message is
broadcast), and to recognise when the message is
completed. Partial messages are detected and errors set as
a result. Characters for transmission must be in
hexadecimal 00 to FF format in each field. The frequency
converter continuously monitors the network bus, also
during ‘silent’ intervals. When the first field (the address
field) is received, each frequency converter or device
decodes it to determine which device is being addressed.
Modbus RTU messages addressed to zero are broadcast
messages. No response is permitted for broadcast
messages. A typical message frame is shown in Table 8.13.

Table 8.11 Network Configuration

72 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Start Address Function Data CRC

T1-T2-T3-T48 bits 8 bits N x 8

Table 8.13 Typical Modbus RTU Message Structure

bits

End

check

16 bits T1-T2-T3-

T4

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.8.3 Start/Stop Field

Messages start with a silent period of at least 3.5 character
intervals.
intervals at the selected network baud rate (shown as Start
T1-T2-T3-T4). The first field to be transmitted is the device
address. Following the last transmitted character, a similar
period of at least 3.5 character intervals marks the end of
the message. A new message can begin after this period.
The entire message frame must be transmitted as a
continuous stream. If a silent period of more than 1.5
character intervals occurs before completion of the frame,
the receiving device flushes the incomplete message and
assumes that the next byte is the address field of a new
message. Similarly, if a new message begins before 3.5
character intervals after a previous message, the receiving
device considers it a continuation of the previous message.
This causes a time-out (no response from the follower),
since the value in the final CRC field is not valid for the
combined messages.

This is implemented as a multiple of character

8.8.4 Address Field

The address field of a message frame contains 8 bits. Valid
follower
decimal. The individual follower devices are assigned
addresses in the range of 1-247. (0 is reserved for
broadcast mode, which all followers recognise.) A master
addresses a follower by placing the follower address in the
address field of the message. When the follower sends its
response, it places its own address in this address field to
let the master know which follower is responding.

device addresses are in the range of 0-247

8.8.5 Function Field

The function field of a message frame contains 8 bits. Valid
codes

are in the range of 1-FF. Function fields are used to
send messages between master and follower. When a
message is sent from a master to a follower device, the
function code field tells the follower what kind of action to
perform. When the follower responds to the master, it uses
the function code field to indicate either a normal (error­free) response, or that some kind of error occurred (called
an exception response). For a normal response, the
follower simply echoes the original function code. For an
exception response, the follower returns a code that is
equivalent to the original function code with its most
significant bit set to logic 1. In addition, the follower places
a unique code into the data field of the response message.
This tells the master what kind of error occurred, or the
reason for the exception. Also refer to the sections

chapter 8.8.10 Function Codes Supported by Modbus RTU and
chapter 8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes.

8.8.6 Data Field

The data field is constructed using sets of 2 hexadecimal

in the range of 00 to FF hexadecimal. These are

digits,
made up of one RTU character. The data field of messages
sent from a master to follower device contains additional
information which the follower must use to take the action
defined by the function code. This can include items such
as coil or register addresses, the quantity of items to be
handled, and the count of actual data bytes in the field.

8.8.7 CRC Check Field

Messages include an error-checking field, operating based
on

a Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) method. The CRC
field checks the contents of the entire message. It is
applied regardless of any parity check method used for the
individual characters of the message. The CRC value is
calculated by the transmitting device, which appends the
CRC as the last field in the message. The receiving device
recalculates a CRC during receipt of the message and
compares the calculated value to the actual value received
in the CRC field. If the 2 values are unequal, a bus time-out
results. The error-checking field contains a 16-bit binary
value implemented as 2 8-bit bytes. When this is done, the
low-order byte of the field is appended first, followed by
the high-order byte. The CRC high-order byte is the last
byte sent in the message.

8.8.8 Coil Register Addressing

In Modbus, all data are organised in coils and holding
registers.
hold a 2-byte word (that is 16 bits). All data addresses in
Modbus messages are referenced to zero. The first
occurrence of a data item is addressed as item number
zero. For example: The coil known as ‘coil 1’ in a
programmable controller is addressed as coil 0000 in the
data address field of a Modbus message. Coil 127 decimal
is addressed as coil 007Ehex (126 decimal).
Holding register 40001 is addressed as register 0000 in the
data address field of the message. The function code field
already specifies a ‘holding register’ operation. Therefore,
the ‘4XXXX’ reference is implicit. Holding register 40108 is
addressed as register 006Bhex (107 decimal).

Coils hold a single bit, whereas holding registers

8 8

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 73

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Coil
Number

1-16 Frequency converter control word

17-32 Frequency converter speed or set-

33-48 Frequency converter status word

49-64 Open loop mode: Frequency

65 Parameter write control (master to

88

66-65536 Reserved

Table 8.14 Coil Register

Coil 0 1

01 Preset reference LSB
02 Preset reference MSB
03 DC brake No DC brake
04 Coast stop No coast stop
05 Quick stop No quick stop
06 Freeze freq. No freeze freq.
07 Ramp stop Start
08 No reset Reset
09 No jog Jog
10 Ramp 1 Ramp 2
11 Data not valid Data valid
12 Relay 1 off Relay 1 on
13 Relay 2 off Relay 2 on
14 Set up LSB
15
16 No reversing Reversing

Description Signal Direction

Master to

(see

Table 8.15)

reference Range 0x0-0xFFFF

point
(-200% ... ~200%)

Table 8.15 )

(see

converter
Closed loop mode: Frequency
converter feedback signal

follower)
0=Parameter changes are written

1=Parameter changes are written

output frequency

the RAM of the frequency

to
converter

to

the RAM and EEPROM of the

frequency converter.

follower
Master to
follower

Follower to
master
Follower to
master

Master to
follower

Coil 0 1

33 Control not ready Control ready
34 Frequency converter not

ready
35 Coasting stop Safety closed
36 No alarm Alarm
37 Not used Not used
38 Not used Not used
39 Not used Not used
40 No warning Warning
41 Not at reference At reference
42 Hand mode Auto mode
43 Out of freq. range In frequency range
44 Stopped Running
45 Not used Not used
46 No voltage warning Voltage warning
47 Not in current limit Current limit
48 No thermal warning Thermal warning

Table 8.16 Frequency Converter Status Word (FC Profile)

Frequency converter ready

Table 8.15 Frequency Converter Control Word (FC Profile)

74 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Bus
adress

0 1 40001 Reserved Reserved for Legacy Drives VLT 5000 and VLT 2800
1 2 40002 Reserved Reserved for Legacy Drives VLT 5000 and VLT 2800
2 3 40003 Reserved Reserved for Legacy Drives VLT 5000 and VLT 2800
3 4 40004 Free
4 5 40005 Free
5 6 40006 Modbus conf Read/Write TCP only. Reserved for Modbus TCP (p12-28 and 12-29 -

6 7 40007 Last error code Read only Error code recieved from parameter database, refer to WHAT

7 8 40008 Last error

8 9 40009 Index pointer Read/Write Sub index of parameter to be accessed. Refer to WHAT

9 10 40010 FC par. 0-01 Dependent on

19 20 40020 FC par. 0-02 Dependent on

29 30 40030 FC par. xx-xx Dependent on

Table 8.17 Adress/Registers

1)

Value written in Modbus RTU telegram must be one or less than register number. E.g. Read Modbus Register 1 by writing value 0 in telegram.

Bus
register

PLC

1)

Register

Content Access Description

in Eeprom etc.)

store

for details

38295

Read only Address of register with which last error occurred, refer to

register

parameter

parameter

parameter

access

access

access

38296 for details

WHAT

for details

38297
Parameter 0-01 (Modbus Register=10 parameter number
20 bytes space reserved pr parameter in Modbus Map
Parameter 0-02
20 bytes space reserved pr parameter in Modbus Map
Parameter 0-03
20 bytes space reserved pr parameter in Modbus Map

8 8

8.8.9 How to Control the Frequency
Converter

This section describes codes which can be used in the
function

and data fields of a Modbus RTU message.

8.8.10 Function Codes Supported by

Modbus

Modbus RTU supports use of the following function codes
in

the function field of a message.

Function Function code (hex)

Read coils 1
Read holding registers 3
Write single coil 5
Write single register 6
Write multiple coils F
Write multiple registers 10
Get comm. event counter B
Report follower ID 11

Table 8.18 Function Codes

RTU

Function Function

Code

Diagnostics 8 1 Restart communication

Table 8.19 Function Codes

Sub­function
code

2 Return diagnostic register
10 Clear counters and

11 Return bus message count
12 Return bus communi-

13 Return follower error

14 Return follower message

Sub-function

diagnostic

cation error count

count

count

register

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes

Reading 3-14

Preset Relative Reference (32bit): The holding

registers 3410 & 3411 holds the parameters value. A value

For a full explanation of the structure of an exception code
response,

refer to chapter 8.8.5 Function Field.

Code Name Meaning

1 Illegal

function

2 Illegal data

address

88

3 Illegal data

value

4 Follower

failure

device

The function code received in the query is

an allowable action for the server (or

not
follower). This may be because the
function code is only applicable to newer
devices, and was not implemented in the
unit selected. It could also indicate that
the server (or follower) is in the wrong
state to process a request of this type, for
example because it is not configured and
is being asked to return register values.
The data address received in the query is

an allowable address for the server

not
(or follower). More specifically, the
combination of reference number and
transfer length is invalid. For a controller
with 100 registers, a request with offset
96 and length 4 would succeed, a request
with offset 96 and length 5 generates
exception 02.
A value contained in the query data field

not an allowable value for server (or

is
follower). This indicates a fault in the
structure of the remainder of a complex
request, such as that the implied length is
incorrect. It specifically does NOT mean
that a data item submitted for storage in
a register has a value outside the
expectation of the application program,
since the Modbus protocol is unaware of
the significance of any particular value of
any particular register.
An unrecoverable error occurred while the
server (or follower) was attempting to
perform the requested action.

of 11300 (Decimal), means that the parameter is set to

1113.00.

For information on the parameters, size and converting
index, consult the product relevant programming guide.

8.9.2 Storage of Data

The coil 65 decimal determines whether data written to
the

frequency converter are stored in EEPROM and RAM

(coil 65=1) or only in RAM (coil 65= 0).

8.9.3 IND (Index)

Some parameters in the frequency converter are array
parameters

e.g. 3-10 Preset Reference. Since the Modbus

does not support arrays in the holding registers, the
frequency converter has reserved the holding register 9 as
pointer to the array. Before reading or writing an array
parameter, set the holding register 9. Setting holding
register to the value of 2 causes all following read/write to
array parameters to be to the index 2. See also .

8.9.4 Text Blocks

Parameters stored as text strings are accessed in the same

as the other parameters. The maximum text block size

way
is 20 characters. If a read request for a parameter is for
more characters than the parameter stores, the response is
truncated. If the read request for a parameter is for fewer
characters than the parameter stores, the response is space
filled.

8.9.5 Conversion Factor

The different attributes for each parameter can be seen in
the

section on factory settings. Since a parameter value

can only be transferred as a whole number, a conversion

Table 8.20 Modbus Exception Codes

factor must be used to transfer decimals. Refer to the
chapter 7.4 Quick Menu Parameters.

8.9 How to Access Parameters

8.9.1 Parameter Handling

8.9.6 Parameter Values

The PNU (Parameter Number) is translated from the

address contained in the Modbus read or write

register
message. The parameter number is translated to Modbus
as (10 x parameter number) DECIMAL. Example: Reading
3-12 Catch up/slow Down Value (16bit): The holding register
3120 holds the parameters value. A value of 1352
(Decimal), means that the parameter is set to 12.52%

Standard data types

Standard
uint 32. They are stored as 4x registers (40001–4FFFF). The
parameters are read using function 03hex "Read Holding
Registers." Parameters are written using the function 6hex
"Preset Single Register" for 1 register (16 bits), and the
function 10 hex "Preset Multiple Registers" for 2 registers
(32 bits). Readable sizes range from 1 register (16 bits) up
to 10 registers (20 characters).

76 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

data types are int 16, int 32, uint 8, uint 16 and

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Non-standard data types

Non-standard

data types are text strings and are stored as
4x registers (40001–4FFFF). The parameters are read using
function 03hex "Read Holding Registers" and written using
function 10hex "Preset Multiple Registers." Readable sizes
range from 1 register (2 characters) up to 10 registers (20
characters).

8.10 Examples

The following examples illustrate various Modbus RTU
commands. If an error occurs, refer to
chapter 8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes.

8.10.1 Read Coil Status (01 hex)

Description

This

function reads the ON/OFF status of discrete outputs
(coils) in the frequency converter. Broadcast is never
supported for reads.

Query

The query message specifies the starting coil and quantity
of coils to be read. Coil addresses start at zero, that is, coil
33 is addressed as 32.

Example of a request to read coils 33-48 (status word) from
follower device 01.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 01 (read coils)
Starting Address HI 00
Starting Address LO 20 (32 decimals) Coil 33
No. of Points HI 00
No. of Points LO 10 (16 decimals)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.21 Query

Response

The coil status in the response message is packed as one
coil per bit of the data field. Status is indicated as: 1=ON;
0=OFF. The LSB of the first data byte contains the coil
addressed in the query. The other coils follow toward the
high order end of this byte, and from ‘low-order to high­order’ in subsequent bytes.
If the returned coil quantity is not a multiple of 8, the
remaining bits in the final data byte is padded with zeros
(toward the high order end of the byte). The byte count
field specifies the number of complete bytes of data.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 01 (read coils)
Byte Count 02 (2 bytes of data)
Data (Coils 40-33) 07
Data (Coils 48-41) 06 (STW=0607hex)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.22 Response

NOTICE

Coils and registers are addressed explicitly with an off­set

of -1 in Modbus.

I.e. Coil 33 is addressed as Coil 32.

8.10.2 Force/Write Single Coil (05 hex)

Description

This

function forces the coil to either ON or OFF. When
broadcast, the function forces the same coil references in
all attached followers.

Query

The query message specifies the coil 65 (parameter write
control) to be forced. Coil addresses start at zero, that is,
coil 65 is addressed as 64. Force Data=00 00hex (OFF) or
FF 00hex (ON).

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01 (Frequency converter address)
Function 05 (write single coil)
Coil Address HI 00
Coil Address LO 40 (64 decimal) Coil 65
Force Data HI FF
Force Data LO 00 (FF 00=ON)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.23 Query

Response

The

normal response is an echo of the query, returned

after the coil state has been forced.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 05
Force Data HI FF
Force Data LO 00
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Quantity of Coils LO 01
Error Check (CRC) -

8 8

Table 8.24 Response

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 77

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.10.3 Force/Write Multiple Coils (0F hex)

Description

function forces each coil in a sequence of coils to

This
either ON or OFF. When broadcasting the function forces
the same coil references in all attached followers.

Query

The query message specifies the coils 17 to 32 (speed set­point) to be forced.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 0F (write multiple coils)
Coil Address HI 00
Coil Address LO 10 (coil address 17)
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Quantity of Coils LO 10 (16 coils)
Byte Count 02
Force Data HI
(Coils

8-1)

88

Force Data LO

16-9)

(Coils
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.25 Query

Response

normal response returns the follower address, function

The
code, starting address, and quantity of coils forced.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 0F (write multiple coils)
Coil Address HI 00
Coil Address LO 10 (coil address 17)
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Quantity of Coils LO 10 (16 coils)
Error Check (CRC) -

20

00 (ref.=2000 hex)

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 03 (read holding registers)
Starting Address HI 0B (Register address 3029)
Starting Address LO D5 (Register address 3029)
No. of Points HI 00
No. of Points LO

Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.27 Query

02 - (3-03
long, i.e. 2 registers)

Maximum Reference is 32 bits

Response

The

register data in the response message are packed as 2
bytes per register, with the binary contents right justified
within each byte. For each register, the first byte contains
the high-order bits and the second contains the low-order
bits.

Example: hex 000088B8=35.000=35 Hz.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 03
Byte Count 04
Data HI (Register 3030) 00
Data LO (Register 3030) 16
Data HI (Register 3031) E3
Data LO (Register 3031) 60
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.28 Response

8.10.5 Preset Single Register (06 hex)

Description

This

function presets a value into a single holding register.

Query

The query message specifies the register reference to be

Table 8.26 Response

preset. Register addresses start at zero, that is, register 1 is
addressed as 0.

8.10.4 Read Holding Registers (03 hex)

Example: Write to 1-00 Configuration Mode, register 1000.

Description

This

function reads the contents of holding registers in the

follower.

Query

The query message specifies the starting register and
quantity of registers to be read. Register addresses start at
zero, that is, registers 1-4 are addressed as 0-3.

Example: Read 3-03 Maximum Reference, register 03030.

78 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 06
Register Address HI 03 (Register address 999)
Register Address LO E7 (Register address 999)
Preset Data HI 00
Preset Data LO 01
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.29 Query

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Response

normal response is an echo of the query, returned

The
after the register contents have been passed.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 06
Register Address HI 03
Register Address LO E7
Preset Data HI 00
Preset Data LO 01
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.30 Response

8.10.6 Preset Multiple Registers (10 hex)

Description

This

function presets values into a sequence of holding

registers.

Query

The query message specifies the register references to be
preset. Register addresses start at zero, that is, register 1 is
addressed as 0. Example of a request to preset 2 registers
(set 1-24 Motor Current to 738 (7.38 A)):

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 10
Starting Address HI 04
Starting Address LO 07
No. of Registers HI 00
No. of registers LO 02
Byte Count 04
Write Data HI
(Register 4: 1049)
Write Data LO

4: 1049)

(Register
Write Data HI
(Register

4: 1050)

Write Data LO

4: 1050)

(Register
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.31 Query

00

00

02

E2

Response

normal response returns the follower address, function

The
code, starting address, and quantity of registers preset.

Field Name Example (hex)

Follower Address 01
Function 10
Starting Address HI 04
Starting Address LO 19
No. of Registers HI 00
No. of registers LO 02
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.32 Response

8.11 FC Drive Control Profile

8.11.1 Control Word According to FC

Profile (8-10 Protocol = FC profile)

Modbus Holding Register numbers for Input data – CTW
and

REF – and Output data – STW and MAV – are defined
in Table 8.33:

50000 Input data Frequency converter Control Word register

(CTW)

50010 Input data Bus Reference register (REF)

50200 Output data Frequency converter Status Word register

(STW)

50210 Output data Frequency converter Main Value register

(MAV)

Table 8.33 Modbus Holding Register Numbers for Input and Output Data

VLT Micro Drives after the software version 2.32 the new

In
feature has been implemented by copying the Input/
Output data to also be available in a lower holding register
areas:

02810 Input data Frequency converter Control Word register

(CTW)
02811 Input data Bus Reference register (REF)
02910 Output data Frequency converter Status Word register

(STW)
02911 Output data Frequency converter Main Value register

(MAV)

8 8

Table 8.34 Lower Register Numbers for Input and Output Data

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 79

Speed ref.CTW

Master-follower

130BA274.11

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit
no.:

RS-485 Installation and Set...

Illustration 8.14

Bit Bit value=0 Bit value=1

00 Reference value external selection lsb
01 Reference value external selection msb
02 DC brake Ramp
03 Coasting No coasting
04 Quick stop Ramp
05 Hold output

06 Ramp stop Start
07 No function Reset
08 No function Jog
09 Ramp 1 Ramp 2

88

10 Data invalid Data valid
11 Relay 01 open Relay 01 active
12 Relay 02 open Relay 02 active
13 Parameter set-up selection lsb
15 No function Reverse

Table 8.35 Definition of Control Bits

Explanation
Bits 00/01

Bits 00 and 01 are used to select between the 4 reference
values, which are pre-programmed in 3-10 Preset Reference
according to the Table 8.36.

Programmed
ref.

1
2
3
4

Table 8.36 Control bits

NOTICE

Make a selection in 8-56 Preset Reference Select to define
how Bit 00/01 gates with the corresponding function on
the digital inputs.

Bit 02, DC brake

Bit
current and duration in 2-01 DC Brake Current and 2-02 DC
Braking Time.
Bit 02=’1’ leads to ramping.

80 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

use ramp

frequency

of the Control Bits

Parameter Bit01Bit

value

3-10 Preset Reference
3-10 Preset Reference
3-10 Preset Reference
3-10 Preset Reference

[0]
[1]
[2]
[3]

0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

02=’0’ leads to DC braking and stop. Set braking

00

Bit 03, Coasting

03=’0’: The frequency converter immediately "lets go"

Bit
of the motor, (the output transistors are "shut off") and it
coasts to a standstill.
Bit 03=’1’: The frequency converter starts the motor if the
other starting conditions are met.

Make a selection in 8-50 Coasting Select to define how Bit
03 gates with the corresponding function on a digital
input.

Bit 04, Quick stop

Bit 04=’0’: Makes the motor speed ramp down to stop (set
in 3-81 Quick Stop Ramp Time).

Bit 05, Hold output frequency

Bit 05=’0’: The present output frequency (in Hz) freezes.
Change the frozen output frequency only with the digital
inputs (5-10 Terminal 18 Digital Input to 5-13 Terminal 29

Digital Input) programmed to Speed up=21 and Slow
down=22.

NOTICE

If Freeze output is active, the frequency converter can
only

be stopped by the following:

Bit 03 Coasting stop

•

Bit 02 DC braking

•

Digital input (5-10 Terminal 18 Digital Input to

•

5-13 Terminal 29 Digital Input) programmed to
DC braking=5, Coasting stop=2, or Reset and
coasting stop=3.

Bit 06, Ramp stop/start

Bit

06=’0’: Causes a stop and makes the motor speed ramp
down to stop via the selected ramp down parameter. Bit
06=’1’: Permits the Frequency converter to start the motor,
if the other starting conditions are met.

Make a selection in 8-53 Start Select to define how Bit 06
Ramp stop/start gates with the corresponding function on
a digital input.

Bit 07, Reset

Bit 07=’0’: No reset.
Bit 07=’1’: Resets a trip. Reset is activated on the signal’s
leading edge, i.e. when changing from logic ’0’ to logic ’1’.

Bit 08, Jog

Bit 08=’1’: The output frequency is determined by 3-11 Jog
Speed [Hz].

Bit 09, Selection of ramp 1/2

Bit 09=’0’: Ramp 1 is active (3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time to
3-42 Ramp 1 Ramp Down Time).
Bit 09=’1’: Ramp 2 (3-51 Ramp 2 Ramp Up Time to
3-52 Ramp 2 Ramp Down Time) is active.

Bit 10, Data not valid/Data valid

Tell the frequency converter whether to use or ignore the
control word.

Output freq.STW

Bit
no.:

Follower-master

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

130BA273.11

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Bit 10=’0’: The control word is ignored.

10=’1’: The control word is used.

Bit
This function is relevant because the telegram always
contains the control word, regardless of the telegram type.
Turn off the control word if not wanting to use it when
updating or reading parameters.

Bit 11, Relay 01

Bit 11=’0’: Relay not activated.
Bit 11=’1’: Relay 01 activated provided that Control word bit
11=36 is selected in 5-40 Function Relay.

Bit 12, Relay 02

Bit 12=’0’: Relay 02 is not activated.
Bit 12=’1’: Relay 02 is activated provided that Control word
bit 12=37 is selected in 5-40 Function Relay.

Bit 13, Selection of set-up

Use bit 13 to select from the 2 menu set-ups according to
Table 8.37.

Set-up Bit 13

1 0
2 1

Table 8.37 Set-up Selection

function is only possible when Multi Set-Ups=9 is

The
selected in 0-10 Active Set-up.

Make a selection in 8-55 Set-up Select to define how Bit 13
gates with the corresponding function on the digital
inputs.

Bit 15 Reverse

Bit 15=’0’: No reversing.
Bit 15=’1’: Reversing. In the default setting, reversing is set
to digital in 8-54 Reversing Select. Bit 15 causes reversing
only when Ser. communication, Logic or Logic and is
selected.

8.11.2 Status Word According to FC Profile
(STW)

(8-30 Protocol = FC profile)

Illustration 8.15 Status Word

Bit Bit=0 Bit=1

00 Control not ready Control ready
01 Drive not ready Drive ready
02 Coasting Enable
03 No error Trip
04 No error Error (no trip)
05 Reserved ­06 No error Triplock
07 No warning Warning
08

Speed ≠
09 Local operation Bus control
10 Out of frequency limit Frequency limit OK
11 No operation In operation
12 Drive OK Stopped, auto start
13 Voltage OK Voltage exceeded
14 Torque OK Torque exceeded
15 Timer OK Timer exceeded

Table 8.38 Status Word According to FC Profile

Explanation

reference

of the status bits

Speed=reference

Bit 00, Control not ready/ready

Bit 00=’0’: The frequency converter trips.
Bit 00=’1’: The frequency converter controls are ready but
the power component does not necessarily receive any
power supply (in case of external 24 V supply to controls).

Bit 01, Drive ready

Bit 01=’0’: The frequency converter is not ready.
Bit 01=’1’: The frequency converter is ready for operation

but the coasting command is active via the digital inputs
or via serial communication.

Bit 02, Coasting stop

Bit 02=’0’: The frequency converter releases the motor.
Bit 02=’1’: The frequency converter starts the motor with a
start command.

Bit 03, No error/trip

Bit 03=’0’ : The frequency converter is not in fault mode.
Bit 03=’1’: The frequency converter trips. To re-establish
operation, press [Reset].

Bit 04, No error/error (no trip)

Bit 04=’0’: The frequency converter is not in fault mode.
Bit 04=’1’: The frequency converter shows an error but
does not trip.

Bit 05, Not used

Bit 05 is not used in the status word.

Bit 06, No error / triplock

Bit 06=’0’: The frequency converter is not in fault mode. Bit
06=“1”: The frequency converter is tripped and locked.

Bit 07, No warning/warning

Bit 07=’0’: There are no warnings.
Bit 07=’1’: A warning has occurred.

8 8

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 81

Actual output
freq.

STW

Follower-master

Speed ref.CTW

Master-follower

16bit

130BA276.11

Reverse Forward

Par.3-00 set to

(1) -max- +max

Max reference Max reference

Par.3-00 set to

(0) min-max

Max reference

Forward

Min reference

100%

(4000hex)

-100%

(C000hex)

0%

(0hex)

Par.3-03 0 Par.3-03

Par.3-03

(4000hex)(0hex)

0% 100%

Par.3-02

130BA277.10

RS-485 Installation and Set...

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Bit 08, Speed≠

reference/speed=reference

8.11.3 Bus Speed Reference Value

Bit 08=’0’: The motor is running but the present speed is
different from the preset speed reference. It might for
example, be the case when the speed ramps up/down
during start/stop.
Bit 08=’1’: The motor speed matches the preset speed
reference.

Bit 09, Local operation/bus control

Bit 09=’0’: [Off/Reset] is activate on the control unit or

Speed reference value is transmitted to the frequency
converter

in a relative value in %. The value is transmitted
in the form of a 16-bit word; in integers (0-32767) the
value 16384 (4000 hex) corresponds to 100%. Negative
figures are formatted by means of 2’s complement. The
actual output frequency (MAV) is scaled in the same way
as the bus reference.

Local control in 3-13 Reference Site is selected. It is not
possible to control the frequency converter via serial
communication.
Bit 09=’1’ It is possible to control the frequency converter
via the fieldbus/serial communication.

Bit 10, Out of frequency limit

Bit 10=’0’: The output frequency has reached the value in

4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit [Hz] or 4-14 Motor Speed High
Limit [Hz].

Illustration 8.16 Actual Output Frequency (MAV)

Bit 10="1": The output frequency is within the defined
limits.

88

Bit 11, No operation/in operation

The reference and MAV are scaled as follows:

Bit 11=’0’: The motor is not running.
Bit 11=’1’: The coasting has a start signal or the output
frequency is greater than 0 Hz.

Bit 12, Drive OK/stopped, autostart

Bit 12='0’: There is no temporary over temperature on the
inverter.
Bit 12=’1’: The inverter stops because of over temperature
but the unit does not trip and resumes operation once the
over temperature stops.

Bit 13, Voltage OK/limit exceeded

Bit 13=’0’: There are no voltage warnings.
Bit 13=’1’: The DC voltage in the frequency converter’s
intermediate circuit is too low or too high.

Illustration 8.17 Reference and MAV

Bit 14, Torque OK/limit exceeded

Bit 14=’0’: The motor current is lower than the torque limit
selected in 4-18 Current Limit.
Bit 14=’1’: The torque limit in 4-18 Current Limit is
exceeded.

Bit 15, Timer OK/limit exceeded

Bit 15=’0’: The timers for motor thermal protection and
thermal protection are not exceeded 100%.
Bit 15=’1’: One of the timers exceeds 100%.

82 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Specifications

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

9 Specifications

9.1.1 Mains Supply 1x200-240 V AC

Normal overload 150% for 1 minute

Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 0.25 0.5 1 2 3
IP20 M1 M1 M1 M2 M3

Output current

Continuous (1x200-240 V AC) [A] 1.2 2.2 4.2 6.8 9.6
Intermittent (1x200-240 V AC) [A] 1.8 3.3 6.3 10.2 14.4
Max. cable size:
(mains, motor) [mm2/AWG]

Max. input current

Continuous (1x200-240 V) [A] 3.3 6.1 11.6 18.7 26.4
Intermittent (1x200-240 V) [A] 4.5 8.3 15.6 26.4 37.0
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W],

case/Typical

Best
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 3.0
Efficiency [%],

case/Typical

Best

1)

1)

PK18

0.18

12.5/

15.5

95.6/

94.5

PK37

0.37

See chapter

20.0/

25.0

96.5/

95.6

PK75

0.75

4/10

6.6.1 Fuses

36.5/

44.0

96.6/

96.0

P1K5

1.5

61.0/

67.0

97.0/

96.7

P2K2

81.0/

85.1

96.9/

97.1

2.2

9 9

Table 9.1 Mains Supply 1x200-240 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions

9.1.2 Mains Supply 3x200-240 V AC

Normal overload 150% for 1 min

Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 0.33 0.5 1 2 3 5
IP20 M1 M1 M1 M2 M3 M3

Output current

Continuous (3x200-240 V) [A] 1.5 2.2 4.2 6.8 9.6 15.2
Intermittent (3x200-240 V) [A] 2.3 3.3 6.3 10.2 14.4 22.8
Max. cable size:
(mains, motor) [mm2/AWG]

Max. input current

Continuous (3x200-240 V) [A] 2.4 3.5 6.7 10.9 15.4 24.3
Intermittent (3x200-240 V) [A] 3.2 4.6 8.3 14.4 23.4 35.3
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W]

case/Typical

Best
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 3.0 3.0
Efficiency [%]

case/Typical

Best

1)

1)

PK25

0.25

14.0/

20.0

96.4/

94.9

PK37

0.37

19.0/

24.0

96.7/

95.8

PK75

0.75

See chapter

31.5/

39.5

97.1/

96.3

P1K5

4/10

6.6.1 Fuses

51.0/

57.0

97.4/

97.2

1.5

P2K2

2.2

72.0/

77.1

97.2/

97.4

P3K7

3.7

115.0/

122.8

97.3/

97.4

Table 9.2 Mains Supply 3x200-240 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 83

Specifications

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

9.1.3 Mains Supply 3x380-480 V AC

Normal overload 150% for 1 min

Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 0.5 1 2 3 4 5

IP 20

Output current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 1.2 2.2 3.7 5.3 7.2 9.0
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 1.8 3.3 5.6 8.0 10.8 13.7
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 1.1 2.1 3.4 4.8 6.3 8.2
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A] 1.7 3.2 5.1 7.2 9.5 12.3
Max. cable size:
(mains, motor) [mm2/

Max. input current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 1.9 3.5 5.9 8.5 11.5 14.4
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 2.6 4.7 8.7 12.6 16.8 20.2
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 1.7 3.0 5.1 7.3 9.9 12.4
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A] 2.3 4.0 7.5 10.8 14.4 17.5
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W], Best case/

1)

99

Typical
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.6 3.0 3.0
Efficiency [%], Best case/Typical

AWG]

1)

PK37

0.37

Frame

M1

18.5/

25.5

96.8/

95.5

PK75

0.75

Frame

M1

28.5/

43.5

97.4/

96.0

P1K5

1.5

Frame

M2

4/10

See chapter

41.5/

56.5

98.0/

97.2

P2K2

2.2

Frame

M2

6.6 Fuses

57.5/

81.5

97.9/

97.1

P3K0

3.0

Frame

M3

75.0/

101.6

98.0/

97.2

P4K0

4.0

Frame

M3

98.5/

133.5

98.0/

97.3

Table 9.3 Mains Supply 3x380-480 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions.

84 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Specifications

Normal overload 150% or 1 min

Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 7.5 10 15 20 25 30

IP 20

Output current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 12.0 15.5 23.0 31.0 37.0 42.0
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 18.0 23.5 34.5 46.5 55.5 63.0
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 11.0 14.0 21.0 27.0 34.0 40.0
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A]

Max. cable size:
(mains, motor) [mm2/AWG]

Max. input current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 19.2 24.8 33.0 42.0 34.7 41.2
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 27.4 36.3 47.5 60.0 49.0 57.6
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 16.6 21.4 29.0 36.0 31.5 37.5
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A] 23.6 30.1 41.0 52.0 44.0 53.0
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W], Best case/

1)

Typical
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 3.0 3.0
Efficiency [%], Best case/Typical

1)

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

P5K5

5.5

Frame

M3

16.5 21.3 31.5 40.5 51.0 60.0

131.0/

166.8

98.0/

97.5

P7K5

7.5

FrameM3FrameM4FrameM4FrameM5Frame

4/10 16/6

175.0/

217.5

98.0/

97.5

P11K

11

See chapter

290.0/

342.0

97.8/

97.4

P15K

15

6.6 Fuses

387.0/

454.0

97.7/

97.4

P18K

18.5

395.0/

428.0

98.1/

98.0

P22K

467.0/

520.0

98.1/

97.9

22

M5

9 9

Table 9.4 Mains Supply 3x380-480 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions.

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 85

Specifications

Protection and features

Electronic thermal motor protection against overload.

•

Temperature monitoring of the heat sink ensures that the frequency converter trips in case of overtemperature

•

The frequency converter is protected against short-circuits between motor terminals U, V, W.

•

When a motor phase is missing, the frequency converter trips and issues an alarm.

•

When a mains phase is missing, the frequency converter trips or issues a warning (depending on the load).

•

Monitoring of the intermediate circuit voltage ensures that the frequency converter trips, when the intermediate

•

circuit voltage is too low or too high.
The frequency converter is protected against ground faults on motor terminals U, V, W.

•

Mains supply (L1/L, L2, L3/N)
Supply voltage 200-240 V ±10%
Supply voltage 380-480 V ±10%
Supply frequency 50/60 Hz
Max. imbalance temporary between mains phases 3.0% of rated supply voltage
True Power Factor ≥0.4 nominal at rated load
Displacement Power Factor (cosφ) near unity (>0.98)
Switching on input supply L1/L, L2, L3/N (power-ups) maximum 2 times/min.
Environment according to EN60664-1 overvoltage category III/pollution degree 2

The unit is suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 100.000 RMS symmetrical Amperes, 240/480 V
maximum.

99

Motor output (U, V, W)
Output voltage 0-100% of supply voltage
Output frequency 0-200 Hz (VVC
Switching on output Unlimited
Ramp times 0.05-3600 s

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

plus

),

0-400 Hz (u/f)

Cable lengths and cross sections
Max. motor cable length, screened/armoured (EMC correct installation) 15 m
Max. motor cable length, unscreened/unarmoured 50 m
Max. cross section to motor, mains*
Connection to load sharing/brake (M1, M2, M3) 6.3 mm insulated Faston Plugs
Max. cross section to load sharing/brake (M4, M5) 16 mm2/6
Maximum cross section to control terminals, rigid wire 1.5 mm2/16
Maximum cross section to control terminals, flexible cable 1 mm2/18 AWG
Maximum cross section to control terminals, cable with enclosed core 0.5 mm2/20
Minimum cross section to control terminals 0.25 mm

* See chapter 9 Specifications for more information!

AWG (2x0.75 mm2)

AWG

AWG

2

86 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Specifications

Digital inputs (pulse/encoder inputs)
Programmable digital inputs (pulse/encoder) 5 (1)
Terminal number 18, 19, 27, 29, 33,
Logic PNP or NPN
Voltage level 0-24 V DC
Voltage level, logic'0' PNP <5 V DC
Voltage level, logic'1' PNP >10 V DC
Voltage level, logic '0' NPN >19 V DC
Voltage level, logic '1' NPN <14 V DC
Maximum voltage on input 28 V DC
Input resistance, R
Max. pulse frequency at terminal 33 5000 Hz
Min. pulse frequency at terminal 33 20 Hz

Analog inputs
Number of analog inputs 2
Terminal number 53, 60
Voltage mode (Terminal 53) Switch S200=OFF(U)
Current mode (Terminal 53 and 60) Switch S200=ON(I)
Voltage level 0-10 V
Input resistance, R
Max. voltage 20 V
Current level 0/4 to 20 mA (scaleable)
Input resistance, R
Max. current 30 mA

i

i

i

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

approx. 4 kΩ

approx. 10 kΩ

approx. 200 Ω

9 9

Analog output
Number of programmable analog outputs 1
Terminal number 42
Current range at analog output 0/4-20 mA
Max. load to common at analog output 500 Ω
Max. voltage at analog output 17 V
Accuracy on analog output Max. error: 0.8% of full scale
Scan interval 4 ms
Resolution on analog output 8 bit
Scan interval 4 ms

Control card, RS-485 serial communication
Terminal number 68 (P,TX+, RX+), 69 (N,TX-, RX-)
Terminal number 61 Common for terminals 68 and 69

Control card, 24 V DC output
Terminal number 12
Max. load (M1 and M2) 100 mA
Max. load (M3) 50 mA
Max. load (M4 and M5) 80 mA

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 87

Specifications

Relay output
Programmable relay output 1
Relay 01 Terminal number 01-03 (break), 01-02 (make)
Max. terminal load (AC-1)1)
Max. terminal load (AC-15)1)
Max. terminal load (DC-1)1)
Max. terminal load (DC-13)1)
Max. terminal load (AC-1)1) on 01-03 (NC) (Resistive load) 250 V AC, 2 A
Max. terminal load (AC-15)1)
Max. terminal load (DC-1)1)
Min. terminal load on 01-03 (NC), 01-02 (NO) 24 V DC 10 mA, 24 V AC 20 mA
Environment according to EN 60664-1 overvoltage category III/pollution degree 2

1)

IEC 60947 part 4 and 5

Control card, 10 V DC output
Terminal number 50
Output voltage 10.5 V ±0.5 V
Max. load 25 mA

on 01-02 (NO) (Resistive load) 250 V AC, 2 A

on 01-02 (NO) (Inductive load @ cosφ 0.4) 250 V AC, 0.2 A

on 01-02 (NO) (Resistive load) 30 V DC, 2 A

on 01-02 (NO) (Inductive load) 24 V DC, 0.1 A

on 01-03 (NC) (Inductive load @ cosφ 0.4) 250 V AC, 0.2 A

on 01-03 (NC) (Resistive load) 30 V DC, 2 A

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

NOTICE

All inputs, outputs, circuits, DC supplies and relay contacts are galvanically isolated from the supply voltage (PELV) and other
high-voltage

terminals.

99

Surroundings
Enclosure IP20
Enclosure kit available IP21, TYPE 1
Vibration test 1.0 g
Max. relative humidity 5%-95 % (IEC 60721-3-3; Class 3K3 (non-condensing) during operation
Aggressive environment (IEC 60721-3-3), coated class 3C3
Test method according to IEC 60068-2-43 H2S (10 days)
Ambient temperature Max. 40 °C

Derating for high ambient temperature, see chapter 4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature

Minimum ambient temperature during full-scale operation 0 °C
Minimum ambient temperature at reduced performance - 10 °C
Temperature during storage/transport -25 to +65/70 °C
Maximum altitude above sea level without derating 1000 m
Maximum altitude above sea level with derating 3000 m

Derating for high altitude, see chapter 4.2 Special Conditions

Safety standards EN/IEC 61800-5-1, UL 508C
EMC standards, Emission EN 61800-3, EN 61000-6-3/4, EN 55011, IEC 61800-3

EN 61800-3, EN 61000-6-1/2, EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-3,

EMC standards, Immunity

See chapter 4.2 Special Conditions

EN

61000-4-4, EN 61000-4-5, EN 61000-4-6

88 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Index

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Index

A

Abbreviations..........................................................................................

Active set-up......................................................................................... 58

Aggressive environments................................................................ 11

Air humidity........................................................................................... 11

Aluminium conductors..................................................................... 47

Ambient temperature....................................................................... 88

Analog inputs.............................................................................. 6, 7, 87

Automatic

adaptations to ensure performance......................................... 38

Motor Tuning (AMT)................................................................. 54, 60

B

Better control........................................................................................

Break-away torque................................................................................ 6

Building Management System, BMS........................................... 13

Bus termination................................................................................... 53

C

Cable

clamp....................................................................................................

length and cross-section............................................................... 47

lengths and cross sections............................................................ 86

CE conformity and labeling............................................................ 10

Clearance................................................................................................

Coasting....................................................................................... 81, 6, 80

Comparison of energy savings...................................................... 13

Connect a PC to the frequency converter, how to................ 56

Control

cables................................................................................................... 52

card, 24 V DC output....................................................................... 87

structure closed loop...................................................................... 19

structure open loop........................................................................ 18

terminals............................................................................................. 53

word...................................................................................................... 79

Controlling Fans and Pumps..........................................................

Covered, what is.................................................................................. 10

D

Data types supported by the frequency converter..............

DC brake.................................................................................................. 80

De-Coupling..........................................................................................

Definitions................................................................................................ 6

Derating for low air pressure......................................................... 38

Digital

inputs................................................................................................... 87

inputs (pulse/encoder inputs)..................................................... 87

Discharge time........................................................................................ 9

Display.....................................................................................................

Disposal............................................................................................... 0

Drive Configurator.............................................................................. 39

5

E

Earth leakage current.................................................................

Earthing

Earthing............................................................................................... 50

of screened/armoured control cables...................................... 50

Edit set-up.............................................................................................. 58

Electrical installation.................................................................. 47, 52

EMC

Directive (89/336/EEC)................................................................... 10

Directive 89/336/EEC...................................................................... 11

emissions............................................................................................ 21

precautions........................................................................................ 66

15

50

test results (emission)..................................................................... 23

EMC-Correct electrical enstallation............................................. 47

Emission requirements..................................................................... 22

Energy savings.............................................................................. 12, 14

Equalizing cable................................................................................... 50

ETR............................................................................................................. 55

Example of energy savings............................................................. 13

Extreme running conditions..........................................................

F

FC

43

profile...................................................................................................

with Modbus RTU............................................................................ 67

Final set-up and test.......................................................................... 53

Freeze output.......................................................................................... 6

Frequency

converter hardware set-up........................................................... 65

converter set-up............................................................................... 67

Function Codes.................................................................................... 75

G

Galvanic isolation................................................................................

12

H

Harmonics emission requirements.............................................

High

70

29

voltage.................................................................................................... 9

voltage test........................................................................................ 57

Hold output frequency..................................................................... 80

I

Immunity requirements...................................................................

Index (IND)............................................................................................. 69

Indicator lights..................................................................................... 59

58

57, 24

24

79

23

23

23

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 89

Index

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Initialise the frequency converter................................................

Intermediate circuit............................................................................ 25

IP21/TYPE 1 enclosure kit................................................................ 29

64

J

Jog.........................................................................................................

6, 80

L

Laws of Proportionality....................................................................

LCP

LCP......................................................................................... 6, 7, 18, 26

11........................................................................................................... 58

12........................................................................................................... 58

copy...................................................................................................... 63

Leakage current.............................................................................. 9, 24

Local (Hand On) and remote (Auto On) control..................... 18

Low-voltage Directive (73/23/EEC).............................................. 10

13

M

Machinery Directive (98/37/EEC)..................................................

Main Menu...............................................................................

Mains

drop-out..............................................................................................

supply.............................................................................................. 8, 83

supply (L1/L, L2, L3/N).................................................................... 86

supply 1x200-240 V AC.................................................................. 83

supply 3x200-240 V AC.................................................................. 83

supply 3x380-480 V AC.................................................................. 84

Maximum reference........................................................................... 61

MCT 10 Set-up Software................................................................... 58

Minimum reference..................................................................... 60, 61

Modbus

communication................................................................................

exception codes............................................................................... 76

RTU........................................................................................................ 72

RTU overview..................................................................................... 71

Moment of inertia............................................................................... 25

Motor

cables................................................................................................... 47

connection......................................................................................... 46

current.................................................................................................. 60

direction.............................................................................................. 59

frequency............................................................................................ 60

name plate......................................................................................... 53

name plate data............................................................................... 53

nominal speed.................................................................................. 60

output (U, V, W)................................................................................. 86

phases.................................................................................................. 24

power................................................................................................... 60

protection.................................................................................... 55, 86

thermal protection................................................................... 82, 25

voltage................................................................................................. 60

Motor-generated over-voltage.....................................................

10

26, 59, 63

25

66

25

N

Name plate data..................................................................................

Navigation keys............................................................................ 26, 59

Network

configuration..................................................................................... 72

connection......................................................................................... 65

53

O

Operation keys..............................................................................

Options and accessories................................................................... 26

Order, how to........................................................................................ 39

Output performance (U, V, W)....................................................... 86

Overcurrent protection.................................................................... 45

59, 26

P

Parallel connection of motors.......................................................

Parameter

number................................................................................................ 58

Number (PNU)................................................................................... 69

Pay back period................................................................................... 14

PC software tools................................................................................. 56

PELV - Protective Extra Low Voltage........................................... 23

PLC............................................................................................................. 50

Power

circuit - overview..............................................................................

factor....................................................................................................... 8

Protection

Protection......................................................................

and features....................................................................................... 86

Protocol overview............................................................................... 66

Public supply network......................................................................

11, 23, 24, 45

55

51

23

Q

Quick

Menu..............................................................................................

Menu parameters............................................................................. 60

transfer of parameter settings between multiple frequency

converters...... 63

26, 59

R

Ramp1

Ramp-down Time............................................................................

Ramp-up Time................................................................................... 61

Rated motor speed............................................................................... 6

RCD....................................................................................................... 7, 24

Read holding registers (03 hex).................................................... 78

Read-out and programming of indexed parameters..........

Readout Mode...................................................................................... 59

Recommended initialisation.......................................................... 64

61

63

90 MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03

Index

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Reference handling............................................................................

References................................................................................................ 6

Relay output.......................................................................................... 88

Residual Current Device............................................................ 24, 50

RS-485

RS-485.................................................................................................. 65

bus connection................................................................................. 56

installation and set-up................................................................... 65

20

S

S200 Switches 1-4...............................................................................

Safety earth connection................................................................... 57

Save drive settings............................................................................. 56

Screened/armoured........................................................................... 52

Screening of cables............................................................................ 47

Serial

communication......................................................................... 50, 59

communication port......................................................................... 6

Set speed limit and ramp time...................................................... 54

Set-up number..................................................................................... 58

Short circuit (motor phase – phase)............................................ 24

Soft-starter............................................................................................. 15

Software Version.................................................................................... 5

Star/Delta starter................................................................................. 15

Status

Status....................................................................................................

Menu..................................................................................................... 59

Word..................................................................................................... 81

Successful AMT..................................................................................... 54

Surroundings........................................................................................ 88

Switches.................................................................................................. 53

Switching

frequency............................................................................................ 47

on the output.................................................................................... 24

53

26

V

Value.........................................................................................................

Variable control of flow and pressure........................................ 15

Varying flow over 1 year.................................................................. 14

Vibration and shock........................................................................... 12

Voltage level.......................................................................................... 87

VVC............................................................................................................... 8

58

W

Windmilling...........................................................................................

10

T

Telegram Length (LGE).....................................................................

Thermistor................................................................................................ 7

Type

1 (NEMA)..............................................................................................

code string.......................................................................................... 39

67

29

U

UL compliance......................................................................................

Unintended start.................................................................................... 9

Unit............................................................................................................ 58

Unsuccessful AMT...............................................................................

Use of EMC-Correct Cables.............................................................. 49

Using a frequency converter saves money.............................. 15

MG02K302 - Rev. 2013-12-03 91

45

54

Danfoss can accept no responsibility for possible errors in catalogues, brochures and other printed material. Danfoss reserves the right to alter its products without notice. This also applies to
products already on order provided that such alterations can be made without subsequential changes being necessary in specifications already agreed. All trademarks in this material are property
of the respective companies. Danfoss and the Danfoss logotype are trademarks of Danfoss A/S. All rights reserved.

132R0059 MG02K302 Rev. 2013-12-03

*MG02K302*