Danfoss VSPP User guide

Technical Information
Steering
VSPP Steering Unit
www.danfoss.com
Technical Information
Revision history Table of revisions
Date Changed Rev
July 2021 Minor corrections to MMC section 0102
October 2020 First edition 0101
2 | © Danfoss | July 2021 BC358854914884en-000102
Technical Information

Contents

Overview
A wide range of steering components..................................................................................................................................... 4
Conversion factors........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Survey of literature with technical data on Danfoss steering components................................................................5
Steering unit type VSPP
General.................................................................................................................................................................................................6
VSPP.......................................................................................................................................................................................................6
Load Sensing dynamic steering unit with built in priority valve, VSPP LS............................................................. 6
Non-reaction.................................................................................................................................................................................6
Gear set...........................................................................................................................................................................................7
VSPP versions, overview.................................................................................................................................................................7
VSPP circuits....................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Technical data, VSPP LS
Displacement, flow and pressure............................................................................................................................................... 9
Valve functions................................................................................................................................................................................10
Pilot pressure relief valve; (P-T, Qp) characteristic............................................................................................................. 11
Check valve function in LS..........................................................................................................................................................11
Pressure drop, P-EF........................................................................................................................................................................12
Shock valves.....................................................................................................................................................................................12
Suction valves..................................................................................................................................................................................13
Check valve in P..............................................................................................................................................................................13
Weights..............................................................................................................................................................................................14
Port thread versions Dimensions
VSPP....................................................................................................................................................................................................16
VSPP dimensions details..............................................................................................................................................................17
VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications
VSPP MMC.........................................................................................................................................................................................18
Variants codes for VSPP MMC....................................................................................................................................................19
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Technical Information

Overview

A wide range of steering components

Danfoss is one of the largest producers in the world of steering components for hydrostatic steering systems on off-road vehicles. Danfoss offers steering solutions both at component and system levels. Our product range makes it possible to cover applications of all types, ranging from ordinary 2 wheel steering (also known as Ackermann steering) to articulated steering, automatic steering (for example, by sensor) and remote controlled steering via satellite. We can offer more than 1,800 different steering units and 250 different priority valves categorized in types, variants and sizes.
Danfoss offers:
For hydrostatic steering systems:
Product type Displacement Rated Flow Steering Pressure Mini steering units
Steering units
Priority valves
Pilot operated flow­amplifiers (factors: 4, 5, 8, or 10)
Pilot operated steering valves
32 – 100 cm3/rev [1.95 – 6.10 in3/rev]
40 – 1200 cm3/rev [2.44 to 73.2 in3/rev]
240 and 400 l/min [63.4 and
max. 20 l/min [5.28 US gal/min]
max. 100 l/min [26.4 US gal/min]
40, 80, 120, 160, 320 l/min [10.6, 21.1, 31.7, 42.3, 84.5 US gal/min]
105.7 US gal/min]
max. 100 l/min [26.4 US gal/min]
max. 150 bar [2180 psi]
max. 240 bar [3481 psi]
max. 350 bar [5076 psi]
max. 240 bar [3480 psi]
max. 250 bar [3625 psi]
For electrohydraulic steering systems
Product type Displacement Rated flow Steering pressure Pilot operated steering
valves Integrated electrical
operated steering valve Electrical operated
steering valve
- 100 l/min [26.4 US gal/min] 250 bar [3625 psi]
100 - 500 cm3/rev [6.10 - 30.51 in3]
- 70 l/min [18.5 US gal/min] 210 bar [3045 psi]
50 l/min [13.2 US gal/min] 210 bar [3045 psi]
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Technical Information
Overview
Characteristic features for steering units:
Low steering torque: from 0.5 to 3 N•m in normal steering situations
Low noise level
Low pressure drop
Many types available: Open center Non-reaction, Open center Reaction, Power Beyond, Closed center Non-reaction, Load Sensing, Load Sensing Reaction
One or more built-in valve functions: relief valve, shock valves, suction valves, non-return valve in P­line and LS-line
Optional port connections according to ISO, SAE or DIN standards
Characteristics for EH steering systems with OSPE, EHPS, and EHi:
Possibility of GPS, row sensor, variable steering ratio and joystick steering
Possibility of manual steering even on very heavy vehicles
EHPS:
High steering pressure requiring smaller cylinders and flow
Low pilot pressure and flow giving extremely low noise in the cabin
Combined with Danfoss PVG 32 proportional valve

Conversion factors

1 N•m = [8.851 lbf•in] 1 l = [0.264 US gal] 1 N = [0.2248 lbf] 1 bar = [14.5 psi] 1 mm = [0.0394 in] °F = [1.8°C + 32] 1 cm3 = [0.061 in3]

Survey of literature with technical data on Danfoss steering components

Detailed data on all Danfoss steering components and accessories can be found in our steering component catalogues, which is divided into the following individual sub-catalogues:
General information Steering components Technical data on mini steering units OSPM Technical data on open center and closed center steering
units Technical data on load sensing steering units, priority
valves and flow amplifiers Technical data on load sensing steering unit with
amplification Technical data on steering units VSP Technical data on steering units VSPP Technical data on hydraulic and electrohydraulic pilot
operated steering valves, electrical actuation modules and appropriate steering units
Technical data on combined sterering unit/ electrohydraulic steering valves
Technical data on electrohydraulic steering valves EHi Technical data on steering wheel sensors SASA
OSPB, OSPC, and OSPD
OSPB, OSPC, OSPF, OSPD, OSPL, OSPBX, OSPLX, OVPL, OLS, and OSQ
OSPU
EHPS, EHPS w. OLS 320, PVE for EHPS and OSPCX
OSPE
For technical information on individual variants, please contact the Danfoss Sales Organization.
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Technical Information

Steering unit type VSPP

General

VSPP

The VSPP is a steering unit with integrated priority valve inside the envelope of a standard steering unit housing.
This brings about a very compact solution minimizing installation space, cost and time. VSPP is the perfect solution for smaller vehicles like e.g. low horse power tractors, mini wheel loaders and
light fork lift trucks, where one gear pump is in use for steering and working hydraulic.
All VSPP products are black painted as standard.
All VSPP's are High Spec. for maximum steering pressure 190 bar [2755 psi].

Load Sensing dynamic steering unit with built in priority valve, VSPP LS

The VSPP is a steering unit with integrated priority valve inside the envelope of the standard VSP housing. VSPP LS are all of load sensing dynamictype and so the integrated priority valve is dynamic type.
Spool/sleeve sets for 2 levels of LS dynamic flow are available:
Standard LS spool/sleeve set: 0.6 - 0.9 l/min [0.16 - 0.24 US gal/min]
High dynamic LS spool/sleeve set: 1.0 - 1.3 l/min [0.26 - 0.34 US gal/min]
High dynamic is recommended, when extreme fast response is requested, e.g. when unloading working hydraulic load (EF) very rapidly during steering. Trade off with high dynamic is slightly higher energy consumption.

Non-reaction

VSPP’s are non-reaction steering units, where there is no movement of the steering wheel, when the driver is not steering the vehicle. The vehicle keeps the steering direction independent of forces on the steering cylinder.
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Technical Information
Steering unit type VSPP

VSPP versions, overview

Gear set

The gear set meters the volume of oil/revolution on the steering wheel, cm3/rev. 2 versions of gear set are available for VSPP:
Low Noise is default for VSPP up to and including 250 cm3/rev. VSPP 315 and VSPP 400 will have gear set with standard profile
Seal star: reduces slippage, when steering cylinder is at end stroke. Seal star gear sets are available in 50, 70, 80, 100 and 125 cm3/rev.
All seal star gear sets have standard profile.
The VSP's are available in the x-marked combinations:
Type Spool/sleeve set Gear set
Standard LS: High dynamic Low Noise Seal star
VSPP LS: Load Sensing non reaction w. int. Priority valve
X X X X
X X X X
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Technical Information
Steering unit type VSPP

VSPP circuits

VSPP Load Sensing dynamic, steering unit with integrated valve functions
VSPP LS Load Sensing Non-reaction
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Technical Information

Technical data, VSPP LS

Displacement, flow and pressure

For common data: Look in sub catalog: "General Steering Components"
Rated oil flow
Displacement
Steering unit
VSPP 50 LSH 50 [3.05] 5 [1.32] VSPP 70 LSH 70 [4.27] 7 [1.85]
VSPP 100 LSH 100 [6.10] 10 [2.64] VSPP 125 LSH 125 [7.63] 13 [3.43] VSPP 160 LSH 160 [9.76] 16 [4.23] VSPP 200 LSH 200 [12.20] 20 [4.23] VSPP 250 LSH 250 [15.26] 25 [6.60] VSPP 315 LSH 315 [19.22] 32 [8.45] VSPP 400 LSH 400 [24.41] 40 [10.57]
1
Any VSPP LSH can withstand 190 bar [2755 psi] in max steering system pressure. However, VSPP w small gear set and high pressure will have
relatively high slippage values.
cm3 /rev [in3/ rev]
for steering @ 100 rpm l/min [US gal/
min]
Max. oil flow from pump l/min [US gal/ min]
80[21.1]
Max. pressure, bar [psi]
System pressure1/ P-T portpressure
140 [2030]
170 [2465]VSPP 80 LSH 80 [4.88] 8 [2.11]
190 [2755]
T, absolute port pressure
30 [435] 250 [3625] 230[3335]
L-T/R-T port pressure
P and EF, absolute port pressure
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Technical Information
Technical data, VSPP LS

Valve functions

All VSPP LS have the following valves built in:
Priority valve (7)
P-Check valve in CF line (5)
Pilot relief valve (4)
Check valve in LS (6)
Emergency steering check valve (3)
All VSPP LS with UNF and Metric ports also have the following valves built in:
Shock valves (1)
Suction valves (2)
VSPP LS with G-thread ports can be specified with or without shock and suction valves
Shock and suction are always combined
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P-T
l/min
A
B
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
900
1150
1400
1650
1900
2150
2400
2650
2900
psi
bar
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
US gal/min
Technical Information
Technical data, VSPP LS

Pilot pressure relief valve; (P-T, Qp) characteristic

The pilot pressure relief valve protects the steering unit against excessive pressure. The pilot pressure relief valve in the VSPP LS steering unit together with the integrated priority valve spool, limits the maximum steering pressure P-T. The pilot pressure relief valve is set at an oil flow to the P-port of the VSPP valve of 25 l/min [6.60 US gal/min].
For VSPP load sensing dynamic steering units with standard LS spool/sleeve set, the setting values are valid at a dynamic flow of 0.6 l/min [0.16 US gal/min].
For VSPP load sensing high dynamic steering units with low noise/high dynamic spool/sleeve set, the setting values are valid at a dynamic flow of 1.1 l/min [0.29 US gal/min].
Setting tolerance:
</= 170 bar [2465 psi]: rated value +5 bar [72.5 psi]. > 170 bar [2465 psi]: rated value +10 bar [145 psi].

Check valve function in LS

A 170 + 5/-0 bar [2465+ 73/-0 psi]
B 140 + 5/-0 bar [2030 + 73/-0 psi]
The check valve in the LS line of VSPP LS dynamic steering units protects the driver against steering wheel jerks. The check valve prevents oil from flowing backwards into the LS line to the priority valve,
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when steering against a high pressure on the cylinder side. The need for the LS check valve is very system dependent. It is recommended to be included in VSPP LS up to and including 200 cm3/rev sizes.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
7 bar
4 bar
min.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
bar
P-EF, VSPP
Qp
l/min
US gal/min
psi
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
0
Technical Information
Technical data, VSPP LS

Pressure drop, P-EF

This data comes from measurements on a representative sample of VSPP LS w. standard spool/sleeve set. Oil with viscosity of 21 mm²/s at 50 °C [102 SUS at 122 °F] was used during measuring. Measurement made when pressure on the LS connection is zero (steering unit in neutral position). The minimum curves apply when the pressure on the EF connection is higher than the actual control spring pressure. The curves for control spring pressure of 4 or 7 bar [58 or 101 psi] apply when pressure on the EF connection is zero.
Pressure drop, P-EF, for VSPP LS w. standard dynamic LS spool/sleeve set

Shock valves

The shock valves protect the steering unit and reduce external forces on the steering cylinder by limiting the pressure difference from L to T and from R to T.
The shock valves are set at 3 l/min [0.792 US gal/min] At higher flow, pressure peaks may occur. The shock valves are of the direct acting type, so they react very quickly.
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Setting tolerance: rated value +20 bar [290 psi].
100
80
60
40
20
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
psi bar
150-374.10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 l/min
T-R T-L
T-R T-L
Q
p
Q
p
0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1 1.25 1.50 1.75 2 2.25 2.50 2.75 US gal/min
psi
bar
p
p
90
75
60
45
30
15
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
l/min
Qp
Qp
0
3
6
9
12
USgal/min
Technical Information
Technical data, VSPP LS

Suction valves

The suction valves allow oil suction to avoid cavitation in the steering cylinder. To provide correct suction, a back pressure valve must be fitted in the tank line from the steering unit.
Generally Danfoss recommend a back pressure of 2 bar [29 psi], but on vehicles with strong self­straightening tendencies and on articulated steered vehicles, we recommend 5-10 bar [72.5 - 145 psi]. For further advice, please contact the Danfoss Sales Organisation.
A connection which incorporates a check valve must be established to allow oil flow to by-pass the back pressure valve (and filter) from the tank to steering unit. See diagram examples in sub catalogue “General Steering Components” page 37 - 39.

Check valve in P

The check valve in the P connection of the steering unit protects the driver against steering wheel jerks. The check valve prevents oil from flowing backwards into the pump line when steering against a high pressure on the cylinder side. The pressure drop across the check valve is indicated on the following graph, which assumes the use of port adaptors with 11 mm [0.43 in] minimum bore.
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Technical Information
Technical data, VSPP LS

Weights

Type Weight, kg [lb]
VSPP 50 LS 5.2 [11.46] VSPP 70 LS 5.3 [11.68] VSPP 80 LS 5.3 [11.68] VSPP 100 LS 5.4 [11.90] VSPP 125 LS 5.5 [12.13] VSPP 160 LS 5.6 [12.35] VSPP 200 LS 5.8 [12.79] VSPP 250 LS 6.0 [13.23] VSPP 315 LS 6.2 [13.67] VSPP 400 LS 7.0 [15.43]
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P, T, L, R: max 0.6[0.024]
Ø28.3[1.114]
Ø28.6[1.126]
N
min.15[0.59]
D
P, T, L, R: max 0.6[0.024]
Ø28.6[1.126] Ø28.3[1.114]
P
min.15[0.59]
F
S
Ø20.8 [0.819] Ø20.6 [0.812]
Ø28.6 [1.126] Ø28.3 [1.114]
P, T, L, R: max 0.6 [0.024]
min 15 [0.59]
I
Technical Information

Port thread versions

D G port w. spot face (P, T, L, R, EF)
N DIN 3852-2 – G1/2
F Metric ports w. spot face and O-ring chamfer (P, T, L, R, EF)
P ISO 6149-1 - M18 x 1.5
I UNF ports w. spot face and O-ring chamfer (P, T, L, R, EF)
S ISO 11926-1 ¾-16UNF O-ring boss port
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33.5
30.2
EF
ø44.4±0.05
ø25.4
L1
min. 7.1
44
A
L2
44
L
R
T
P
45.5
29
7
2.8
ø82±0.3
B
79
ø91
EF
min. ø28.6
102
45°
max. 87
max. 5.3
38
57
Technical Information

Dimensions

VSPP

VSPP LS
G ½ w. spot face (G, DIN 3852-2) 15 mm [0.59 in] deep Or: M18 x 1.5 ISO 6149-1, 15 mm [0.59 in] deep
A (P, T, L, R, and EF)
Or: 3/4 - 16 UNF O-ring boss ISO 11926-1 15 mm [0.59 in] deep
B M10 x 1.5, 16 mm [0.63 in] deep
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Technical Information
Dimensions

VSPP dimensions details

VSPP dimensions
Type
VSPP 50 125 [4.92] 6.5 [0.26] VSPP 70 127 [4.99] 9.1 [0.36] VSPP 80 128 [5.04] 10.4 [0.41] VSPP 100 131 [5.16] 13.0 [0.51] VSPP 125 134 [5.28] 16.2 [0.64] VSPP 160 139 [5.47] 20.8 [0.82] VSPP 200 144 [5.67] 26.0 [1.02] VSPP 250 150 [5.91] 32.5 [1.28] VSPP 315 159 [6.26] 40.9 [1.61] VSPP 400 170 [6.69] 52.0 [2.05]
L1 mm [in]
L2 mm [in]
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Technical Information

VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications

VSPP MMC

Determine Master Model Code (MMC). Fill in with codes from Variants codes for VSPP MMC on page 19, to specify VSPP steering unit.
MMC-pos. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Type Displ. Circuit type PTL&R size
Your VSPP Example* VSPP## 0100 LSH# UUUU C M H
MMC-pos. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
EF interface
Your VSPP Example* C 9 180 240 1 4 N03
MMC-pos. 15 16 17 18 19
Your VSPP
*
Example
*
Example is a valid for Catalog code of VSPP 100 LSH: 11189283
PTL&R interface
EF location
Spool/sleeve set Gear set Special Label Paint
SV5 G01 NN DNFS PB
Relief valve Shock valves
Suction valves
Column thread
Check valves
EF size
Neutral springs
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Technical Information
VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications

Variants codes for VSPP MMC

MMC pos. 1 Main steering product Type1 VSPP## VSPP Steering units w. integrated priority valve
MMC pos. 2 Displacement, cm3/rev 0050 50
0070 70 0080 80 0100 100 0125 125 0160 160 0200 200 0250 250 0315 315 0400 400
MMC pos. 3 Circuit type LSH# Load Sensing non reaction, High spec.
MMC pos. 4 P, T, L & T Port Size MMMM M18x1.5 (ISO 6149-1)
UUUU 3/4"-16 UNF (ISO 11926-1) GGGG G1/2" (DIN 3852-2)
MMC pos. 5 P, T, L & T Port Interface A O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 6149-1)
C O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 11926-1) E Spot-face (for G-thread, DIN 3852-2)
MMC pos. 6 Column Thread M M10x1,5
MMC pos. 7 EF Port Size M M18x1.5 (ISO 6149-1)
H 3/4"-16 UNF (ISO 11926-1) G G1/2" (DIN 3852-2)
MMC pos. 8 EF Port Interface A O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 6149-1)
C O-ring boss + Spot-face (ISO 11926-1) E Spot-face (for G-thread, DIN 3852-2)
MMC pos. 9 EF Port Location 9 On Side
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Technical Information
VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications
MMC pos.10Relief valve setting
140
MMC pos.11Shock valves
NNN No shock valves (only possible for VSPP with G-thread, DIN 3852-2) 200
MMC pos.12Suction valves
N No suction valves (only possible for VSPP with G-thread, DIN 3852-2) 1 Shock and suction valves are belonging
MMC pos.13Check valves
1 Check valve in P (standard) 4 Check valve in P and in LS (standard in LS up to and included 200 ccm/rev)
MMC pos.14Neutral Springs
Value for setting (140 bar), P-T. All VSPP's have relief valve. Range VSPP: 50 - 190 bar
Value for setting (200 bar), R-T/L-T. Shock and suction valves are belonging Range: 110 - 250 bar, last digit: 0 or 5
N01 11124634, torque 0.7-1.7 Nm in normal steering situations. Soft N03 150N4019, torque 0.6-2.5 Nm in normal steering situations. Medium N05 150-4209, torque 0.8-4 Nm in normal steering situations. Standard
MMC pos.15Spool/ Sleeve Set
SV5 LSH: Dynamic flow recommended 0.6-0.9 l/min. Constant pressure. High Spec. SV6
MMC pos.16Gear set
G03 Gear set, Standard cross grinded G01 Gear set, Low Noise/profile grinded, available up to and including 250 ccm/rev G04
MMC pos.17Special
NN Not Applicable XX Special feature
LSH High dynamic: Dynamic flow recommended 1.0-1.3 l/min. Constant pressure. High Spec.
Gear set, Standard cross grinded, with Seal Star (for low slippage) Available in 50, 70, 80, 100 and 125 ccm/rev
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Technical Information
VSPP: Variants and ordering specifications
MMC pos.18Label
DNFS Danfoss name tag XXXX Special Label
MMC pos.19Paint
PB Black, Powder, RAL 9005, Corrosion class C3. Standard covering
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Danfoss Power Solutions GmbH & Co. OHG
Krokamp 35 D-24539 Neumünster, Germany Phone: +49 4321 871 0
Danfoss Power Solutions ApS
Nordborgvej 81 DK-6430 Nordborg, Denmark Phone: +45 7488 2222
Danfoss Power Solutions (US) Company
2800 East 13th Street Ames, IA 50010, USA Phone: +1 515 239 6000
Danfoss Power Solutions Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Building #22, No. 1000 Jin Hai Rd Jin Qiao, Pudong New District Shanghai, China 201206 Phone: +86 21 2080 6201
Products we offer:
Hydro-Gear
www.hydro-gear.com
Daikin-Sauer-Danfoss
www.daikin-sauer-danfoss.com
Cartridge valves
DCV directional control
valves Electric converters
Electric machines
Electric motors
Gear motors
Gear pumps
Hydraulic integrated
circuits (HICs) Hydrostatic motors
Hydrostatic pumps
Orbital motors
PLUS+1® controllers
PLUS+1® displays
PLUS+1® joysticks and
pedals PLUS+1® operator
interfaces PLUS+1® sensors
PLUS+1® software
PLUS+1® software services,
support and training Position controls and
sensors PVG proportional valves
Steering components and
systems Telematics
Danfoss Power Solutions is a global manufacturer and supplier of high-quality hydraulic and electric components. We specialize in providing state-of-the-art technology and solutions that excel in the harsh operating conditions of the mobile off-highway market as well as the marine sector. Building on our extensive applications expertise, we work closely with you to ensure exceptional performance for a broad range of applications. We help you and other customers around the world speed up system development, reduce costs and bring vehicles and vessels to market faster.
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