Danfoss CH290, CH485 Application guide

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Application guidelines

Danfoss scroll compressors

CH290 & CH485

50 Hz - R410A

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Application Guidelines

Content

Scroll compression principle .......................... 4

Features ............................................................ 5

Compressor model designation ..................... 6

Nomenclature .......................................................................6

Technical speciﬁcations .................................. 7

50 Hz data ..............................................................................7

Dimensions ...................................................... 8

CH290 ...................................................................................... 8

CH290 - Parallel version .....................................................9

CH485 ....................................................................................10

Suction and discharge Connections ...........................11

Electrical data, connections and wiring ....... 12

Connection details ...........................................................12

Motor voltage .....................................................................12

Wiring connections ...........................................................13

IP rating .................................................................................13

Terminal box temperature .............................................13

Three phase electrical characteristics ........................14

LRA (Locked Rotor Amp) .................................................14

MCC (Maximum Continuous Current) ........................14

Max. Operating Current. .................................................14

Winding resistance............................................................14

General wiring information ...........................................14

Danfoss MCI soft-start controller .................................15

Motor protection ...............................................................17

Voltage imbalance ............................................................17

Operating conditions .................................... 18

Refrigerant and lubricants..............................................18

Motor supply .......................................................................19

Compressor ambient temperature .............................19

Application envelope .......................................................19

Discharge temperature protection ............................20

High and low pressure protection...............................20

Cycle rate limit ....................................................................21

System design recommendations ................22

General ..................................................................................22

Essential piping design recommendations ..............22

Refrigerant charge limit ..................................................23

Oﬀ-cycle migration ...........................................................24

Liquid ﬂood back ...............................................................26

Speciﬁc application recommendations ....... 27

Low ambient application ................................................27

Low load operation ...........................................................28

Brazed plate heat exchangers .......................................28

Electronic expansion valve ............................................28

Reversible heat pump systems .....................................28

Sound and vibration management .............. 31

Starting sound level..........................................................31

Running sound level ........................................................31

Stopping sound level .......................................................31

Installation ..................................................... 33

Compressor handling and storage..............................33

Compressor mounting ....................................................34

Compressor holding charge ..........................................34

System cleanliness ............................................................35

Tubing ....................................................................................35

Brazing and soldering ......................................................35

System pressure test ........................................................36

Leak detection ....................................................................37

Vacuum evacuation and moisture removal .............37

Filter driers ...........................................................................37

Refrigerant charging ........................................................37

Insulation resistance and dielectric strength ..........38

Commissioning ..................................................................38

Oil level checking and top-up .......................................38

Ordering information and packaging ..........39

Accessories ..................................................... 40

3FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Scroll compression principleApplication Guidelines

In a Danfoss CH scroll compressor, the compression is performed by two scroll elements located in the upper part of the compressor.

Suction gas enters the compressor at the suction connection. As all of the gas ﬂows around and through the electrical motor, thus ensuring complete motor cooling in all applications, oil droplets separate and fall into the oil sump. After exiting the electrical motor, the gas enters the scroll elements where compression takes place. Ultimately, the discharge gas leaves the compressor at the discharge connection.

The ﬁgure below illustrates the entire compression process. The centre of the orbiting scroll (in grey) traces a circular path around the centre of the ﬁxed scroll (in black). This movement creates symmetrical compression pockets between the two scroll elements. Low-pressure suction gas is trapped within each crescent-shaped pocket as it gets formed; continuous motion of the orbiting scroll serves to seal the pocket, which decreases in volume as the pocket moves towards the center of the scroll set increasing the gas pressure. Maximum compression is achieved once a pocket reaches the center where the discharge port is located; this stage occurs after three complete orbits. Compression is a continuous process: the scroll movement is suction, compression and discharge all at the same time.

SUCTION

COMPRESSION

DISCHARGE

4 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Features

CH range is composed of CH290 & CH485 (large commercial platform).

Heat shield that lowers the heat transfer between discharge and suction gas and the acoustic level

R410A optimized and dedicated scroll proﬁle

Liquid slug protection per suction ﬁtting in upper position

5FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Compressor model designation

Nomenclature

Family, lubricant & refrigerant CH: Scroll, POE lubricant, or R410A

Nominal capacity

in thousand Btu/h at 60 Hz, R410A, ARI conditions

UL index

Motor voltage code

4: 380-415V/3~/50 Hz

Danfoss CH290 & CH485 scroll compressor for R410A are available as single compressor. The example below presents the compressor nomenclature which equals the technical

Family,

lubricant

& refrigerant

Nominal capacity

Approvals Voltage Version Evolution

reference as shown on the compressor nameplate. Code numbers for ordering are listed section “Ordering information and packaging”.

index

A4CH ABB290

Evolution index

A~Z

Motor protection

A: Electronic module, 24V AC B: Electronic module, 115/240V

Suction and discharge connections

A: Brazed connections B: Brazed, No oil sight glass, No oil equalization

6 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

50 Hz data

Technical speciﬁcations

Model

(50 Hz)

Nominal

tons 60 Hz

TR W Btu/h kW W/W Btu/h/W cm

Nominal cooling

capacity

Power

input

COP E.E.R.

Swept

volume

Displacement



/rev m3/h dm

Oil charge

Net weight

CH290 25 73 200 249 800 22.50 3.25 11.10 276.2 48 .10 6.7 111.0

CH485 40 116 40 0 397 300 35.65 3.26 11.13 442.60 7 7.0 6.7 175.0

Displacement at nominal speed: 2900 rpm at 50 Hz

  Net weight with oil charge

TR: Ton of Refrigeration, Standard rating conditions: ARI standard Evaporating temperature: 7.2 °C Superheat: 11.1 K EER: Energy Eﬃciency Ratio Refrigerant: R410A Condensing temperature: 54.4 °C Subcooling: 8.3 K COP: Coeﬃcient Of Performance,

Subject to modiﬁcation without prior notiﬁcation.



7FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

CH290

Ø 257.4

Suction 1"5/8

Dimensions

Ø 265.9

Discharge: 1"1/8

653

618

370.8

301.5

304.8

170

195

60°

345.4

279.4

212

187

531.5 ± 1.2

Ø 318

214

All dimensions in mm

4 Holes Ø 19

428

109

8 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Flexible grommet

HM 8 bolt

Lock washer

Flat washer

Steel mounting sleeve

Rubber grommet

Nut

Compressor base plate

27.5 mm

Application Guidelines

CH290 - Parallel version

Ø257.4

Dimensions

Ø265.9

Discharge 1"1/8

370.8

187

214

4x rigid spacer 29.5

304.8

301.5

195

170

Ø317.5

345.4

279.4

183

76.6

60°

531.5

92.5

4x holes Ø19

428

Suction 1"5/8

All dimensions in mm

618

653

60°

212

353

109

Rigid spacer

29.5 mm

HM 8 bolt Lock washer

Nut

Flat washer

Rigid spacer

Nut

9FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

CH485

Dimensions

Ø333.2

Ø318.1

Discharge: SH485: 1"3/8

370.8

187

214

304.8

301.5

218.6

195

345.4

279.4

183

76.6

60°

524.8

92.5

4 holes Ø19

428

Suction 1"5/8

725.8

667

All dimensions in mm

10 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

60°

Rigid spacer

212

356

29.5 mm

109

HM 8 bolt Lock washer

Nut

Flat washer

Rigid spacer

Nut

Flexible grommet

HM 8 bolt

Lock washer

Flat washer

Steel mounting sleeve

Rubber grommet

Nut

Compressor base plate

27.5 mm

Application Guidelines

Dimensions

Suction and discharge Connections

CH290

CH485

Brazed version

Tube ODF

Brazed

Suction 1"5/8

Discharge 1"1/8

Suction 1"5/8

Discharge 1"3/8

11FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Electrical data, connections and wiring

Connection details (Versions dedicated for

parallel mounting only)

CH290 & 485

Version AA - AB

Suction and discharge connections Brazed

Oil sight glass Threaded

Oil equalisation connection rotolock 2"1/4

Oil drain connection 1/4" ﬂare

Low pressure gauge port (schrader) 1/4" ﬂare

Danfoss CH290-485 scroll compressors are available with the motor voltage code 4:Motor voltage

Motor voltage code Code 4

Nominal voltage 380-415V - 3ph

50 Hz

Voltage range 342-457V

12 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Module power

Application Guidelines

Electrical data, connections and wiring

Wiring connections

Electrical power is connected to the compressor terminals by Ø 4.8 mm (3/16") screws.

The terminal box is provided with 2 triple knockouts and 1 single knockout for power supply and 4 double knockouts for the safety control circuit.

The 3 power supply knockouts accommodate the following diameters:

• Ø 50.8 mm (UL 1"1/2 conduit) and Ø 43.7 mm (UL 1"1/4 conduit) and Ø 34.5 mm (UL 1" conduit)

• Ø 40.5 mm (ISO40) and Ø 32.2 mm (ISO32) and Ø 25.5 mm (ISO25)

• Ø 25.5 mm (ISO25)

The 4 others knockouts are as follows:

• Ø 22.5 mm (PG16) (UL 1/2") and Ø 16.5 mm (ISO16) (x2)

• 20.7 mm (ISO20 or PG13.5) (x2)

The motor protection module comes preinstalled within the terminal box. Phase sequence protection connections and thermistor connections are pre-wired and should not be deinstalled. The module must be connected to a power supply of the appropriate voltage. The module terminals are 6.3-mm size Faston type.

The maximum tightening torque is 3 Nm. Use a 1/4’’ ring terminal on the power leads.

Black Blue Brown

M1-M2 Control circuit

Module power supply

Sump heater

Faston 1/4" tabs

Power supply

Phase sequence input

L1 L2 L3

Black Blue Brown

LNS1 S2 M1 M2

Internal control contact

Safety

Thermistor connection

circuit

IP rating

Terminal box temperature

The compressor terminal box according to IEC529 is IP54 when correctly sized IP54 rated cable glands are used. First numeral, level of protection against contact and foreign objects

5 - Dust protected

Second numeral, level of protection against water

4 - Protection against water splashing

The temperature inside the terminal box may not exceed 70°C. Consequently, if the compressor is installed in an enclosure, precautions must be taken to avoid that the temperature around the compressor and in the terminal box would rise too much. The installation of ventilation on the

electronic protection module may not operate properly. Any compressor damage related to this will not be covered by Danfoss warranty. In the same manner, cables must be selected in a way to insure that terminal box temperature does not exceed 70°C.

enclosure panels may be necessary. If not, the

13FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Electrical data, connections and wiring

Three phase electrical characteristics

LRA (Locked Rotor Amp)

MCC (Maximum Continuous Current)

Max. Operating Current.

Winding resistance

Compressor model

CH290 260 62 56 0.52

Motor voltage code 4

CH485 413 90 89 0.23

LRA MCC Max. operating current Winding resistance

A A A Ω

Locked Rotor Amp value is the higher average current as measured on mechanically blocked compressor tested under nominal voltage. The LRA value can be used as rough estimation for

The MCC is the current at which the motor protection trips under maximum load and low voltage conditions. This MCC value is the maximum at which the compressor can be operated in transient conditions and out of

The max. operating current is the current when the compressors operate at maximum load conditions and 10% below nominal voltage (+15°C evaporating temperature and +68°C

Winding resistance is the resistance between phases at 25°C (resistance value +/- 7%). Winding resistance is generally low and it requires adapted tools for precise measurement. Use a digital ohm-meter, a “4 wires” method and measure under stabilised ambient temperature. Winding resistance varies strongly with winding temperature. If the compressor is stabilised at a diﬀerent value than 25°C, the measured resistance must be corrected using following formula:

the starting current. However in most cases, the real starting current will be lower. A soft starter can be applied to reduce starting current.

the application envelope. Above this value, the internal motor protection or external electronic module will cut-out the compressor to protect the motor.

condensing temperature). Max Oper. A can be used to select cables and contactors. In normal operation, the compressor current consumption is always less than the Max Oper. A. value.

a + t R

= R

tamb

25°C

a + t t

: reference temperature = 25°C

25°C

: temperature during measurement (°C)

amb

: winding resistance at 25°C

25°C

: winding resistance at tamb

amb

_______

25°C

Coeﬃcient a = 234.5

General wiring information

The wiring diagrams below are examples for a safe and reliable compressor wiring. In case an alternative wiring logic is chosen, it is imperative to respect the following rules:

When a safety switch trips, the compressor must stop immediately and must not re-start until the tripping condition is back to normal and the safety switch is closed again. This applies to the LP safety switch, the HP safety switch, the discharge gas thermostat and the motor safety thermostat.

In speciﬁc situations, such as winter start operation, an eventual LP control for pumpdown cycles may be temporarily bypassed to

allow the system to build pressure. But it remains mandatory for compressor protection to apply an LP safety switch. The LP safety switch must never be bypassed.

Pressure settings for the LP and HP safety switch and pump-down listed in table from section “Low pressure”.

When ever possible (ie. PLC control), it is recommended to limit the possibilities of compressor auto restart to less than 3 to 5 times during a period of 12 hours when caused by motor protection or LP safety switch tripping. This control must be managed as a manual reset device.

14 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Electrical data, connections and wiring

Danfoss MCI soft-start controller

The inrush current for the CH scroll compressors with motor 380-415V / 3ph / 50Hz can be reduced using the Danfoss digitally-controlled MCI compressor soft starter. MCI & MCD soft starters are designed to reduce the starting current of 3-phase AC motors; they can reduce the inrush current by up to 40%, thereby eliminating the detrimental eﬀects of high starting torque surges and costly demand charges from the resultant current spike. Upon starting, the controller gradually increases the voltage supplied to the motor until fullline voltage has been reached. All settings, such as ramp-up time (less than 0.5 sec) and initial torque, are preset and do not require modiﬁcation.

Compressor model

CH290 MCI50CM * MCI50CM *

CH485 MCD201-055 MCD201-055

* by-pass contactor K1 is required

Soft start reference Ambient max. 40°C

Upon starting, the controller gradually increases the voltage supplied to the motor until full-line voltage has been reached.

For MCI50M, all settings such as initial torque, ramp-up time (less than 0.5 sec) and rampdown time are preset and do not require any modiﬁcation.

When the control voltage is applied, the MCI50CM soft starter will start the motor, according to the settings of the ramp-up time and initial torque adjustments. When the control voltage is switched OFF, the motor will switch oﬀ instantaneously.

On CH compressors, by pass contactor K1 is required by means of the built-in auxiliary contact (23-24) the by-pass function is easily achieved, see wiring diagram beside.

No heat is generated from the MCI. As the contactor always switches in no-load condition it can be selected on the basis of the thermal current (AC-1).

Soft start reference Ambient max. 55°C

For MCD201-055, the following settings have to be adjusted to ensure a maximum inrush current reduction as well as a starting time less than

0.5 sec.

Frequency Initial

torque

(%U)

50 Hz 60% 2 0

Ramp-up (seconds)

Ramp down

(seconds)

Input controlled soft start

MCI with by-pass contactor

ramp-up

Initial torque

ramp-down

Time

When the control voltage is applied to A1 - A2, the MCI soft starter will start the motor, according to the settings of the ramp-up time and initial torque adjustments. When the control voltage is switched OFF, the motor will switch oﬀ instantaneously.

By means of the built-in auxiliary contact (23-24) the by-pass function is easily achieved, see wiring diagram beside.

15FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Suggested wiring diagrams logic

Electrical data, connections and wiring

Legend

CCSS

LPS

UNIT CONTROLLER

CH290 CH485

MPM

DGT

SSH

SEPARATE SUPPLY

Fuses ..................................................................................................F1

Compressor contactor ................................................................. KM

High pressure safety switch.........................................................HP

Discharge gas thermistor (embedded in CH485) ................DGT

Surface sump heater ...................................................................SSH

CONTROL CIRCUIT

LPS

UNIT CONTROLLER

Compressor motor ..........................................................................M

Motor Protection Module ........................................................MPM

Thermistor chain............................................................................... S

Safety pressure switch .................................................................LPS

Thermal magnetic circuit breaker ............................................ CB

MPM

DGT

SSH

16 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Electrical data, connections and wiring

Motor protection

Phase sequence and reverse rotation protection

CH Compressor models are delivered with a pre-installed motor protection module inside the terminal box. This device provides for eﬃcient and reliable protection against overheating and overloading as well as phase loss/reversal.

The motor protector comprises a control module and PTC sensors embedded in the motor winding. The close contact between thermistors and windings ensures a very low level of thermal inertia.

The motor temperature is being constantly measured by a PTC thermistor loop connected on S1-S2. If any thermistor exceeds its response temperature, its resistance increases above the trip level (4,500 Ω) and the output relay then trips – i.e. contacts M1-M2 are open. After cooling to below the response temperature (resistance < 2,750 Ω), a 5-minute time delay is activated.

Use a phase meter to establish the phase orders and connect line phases L1, L2 and L3 to terminals T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The compressor will only operate properly in a single direction, and the motor is wound so that if the connections are correct, the rotation will also be correct.

After this delay has elapsed, the relay is once again pulled in – i.e. contacts M1-M2 are closed. The time delay may be cancelled by means of resetting the mains (L-N -disconnect) for approximately 5 sec.

When present, the LED on module will lighten as follows in case of overheat:

PTC overheat

40ms 40ms460ms 460ms

Appr. 1 second

Delay timer active (after PTC over temp.)

920ms80ms

Appr. 1 second

Should one of these parameters be incorrect, the relay would lock out (contact M1-M2 open). When present, the led on the module will show the following blink code:

In case of phase reverse error:

Voltage imbalance

Compressor model CH290 & CH485 are delivered with an electronic module which provides protection against phase reversal and phase loss at start-up. Apply the recommended wiring diagrams from section “Suggested wiring diagram logic”. The circuit should be thoroughly checked in order to determine the cause of the phase problem before re-energizing the control circuit. The phase sequencing and phase loss monitoring functions are active during a 5-sec window 1 second after compressor start-up (power on L1-L2-L3).

Compressor

start

Phase monitoring

Phase sequence module logic

0 1 s 6 s

The operating voltage limits are shown in the table section “Motor voltage”. The voltage applied to the motor terminals must lie within these table limits during both start-up and normal operations. The maximum allowable voltage

120 ms120 ms120 ms 400ms

Appro. 760 ms

In case of phase loss error:

500ms 500ms

Appr. 1second

The lockout may be cancelled by resetting the power mains (disconnect L-N) for approximately 5 seconds.

imbalance is 2%. Voltage imbalance causes high amperage over one or several phases, which in turn leads to overheating and possible motor damage. Voltage imbalance is given by the formula:

% voltage

imbalance

Vavg = Mean voltage of phases 1, 2, 3.

V1-2 = Voltage between phases 1 and 2.

= x 100

2 x Vavg

V1-3 = Voltage between phases 1 and 3.

V2-3 = Voltage between phases 2 and 3.

17FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Operating conditions

Refrigerant and lubricants

General information

The scroll compressor application range is inﬂuenced by several parameters which need to be monitored for a safe and reliable operation.

These parameters and the main recommendations for good practice and safety devices are explained hereunder.

When choosing a refrigerant, diﬀerent aspects must be taken into consideration:

• Legislation (now and in the future)

• Safety

• Application envelope in relation to expected running conditions

• Compressor capacity and eﬃciency

Danfoss Commercial Compressors, along with the whole refrigeration and air conditioning industry, shares today’s concern about the environmental issues that are ozone depletion, global warming and overall energy consumption. Usual HCFCs refrigerant ﬂuids such as R22 are known to be implicated in these harmful phenomena, especially ozone depletion due to their chlorinated content. These substances are scheduled to be phased-out from production

• Refrigerant and lubricants

• Motor supply

• Compressor ambient temperature

• Application envelope (evaporating temperature, condensing temperature, return gas temperature)

• Compressor manufacturer recommendations

and Guidelines

Additional points could inﬂuence the ﬁnal choice:

• Environmental considerations

• Standardisation of refrigerants and lubricants

• Refrigerant cost

• Refrigerant availability

and use in coming years, in accordance with the international Montreal Protocol (1984). As a result, new chlorine-free molecules have been recently developed and are now ready to replace former ﬂuids. Among those refrigerants, the HFC blend R410A is admitted by a great majority of manufacturers to be the most promising in terms of environmental impact, stability and eﬃciency, and is already seen as the R22 replacement.

Chemical

properties

Environmental

impact

Thermodynamic

properties

R410A

Refrigerant R22 R407C R410A

Chlorine content yes no no

Zeotropic pure refrigerant zeotropic mixture near azeotropic mixture

Composition R22 R32/R125/R134a R32/R125

ODP 0.05 0 0

GWP 150 0 1526 17 25

Vapour pressure (bar) at 25°C 10.4 11. 9 16.5

Cooling capacity of liquid (kJ/kg.K) at 25°C 1.24 1.54 1.84

Cooling capacity of vapor (kJ/kg.K) at 1 atm, 25 °C 0.657 0.829 0. 833

Temperature glide (°C) 0 7.4 <0.2

CH compressors are to be used with R410A refrigerant, with polyolester oil.

• R410A’s superior thermodynamical properties compared to R22 and R407C refrigerants allow for today’s massive – and necessary – switch to high eﬃciency systems.

• Zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP): R410A does not harm the ozone layer.

• Global warming potential (GWP): R410A shows a relatively high warming potential. However, the GWP index denotes direct warming eﬀect, which is relevant only in case of release to the atmosphere. A more accurate index is T.E.W.I., for Total Equivalent Warming Impact, which

• Because of the higher system eﬃciency it allows to achieve, R410A is in this regard the best refrigerant.

• As a near-azeotropic mixture, refrigerant R410A behaves like an homogeneous substance, whereas other zeotropic mixtures such as R407C and other blends suﬀer a temperature glide during phase change that lessens thermal eﬃciency and makes them diﬃcult to transfer from a container to another.

• Reduced refrigerant mass ﬂow, permitted by a higher heat capacity, induce a lower sound level of the installation as well as more compact and lighter systems.

takes into account indirect contributions due to running energy costs.

18 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Operating conditions

POE oil Polyolester oil (POE) is miscible with HFC's

(while mineral oil is not), but has to be evaluated regarding lubrication ability in compressors. POE oil has better thermal stability than refrigerant mineral oil.

Motor supply

CH scroll compressors can be operated at nominal voltages as indicated section “Motor voltage”. Under-voltage and over-voltage

Compressor ambient temperature

CH compressors can be applied from -35°C to 51°C ambient temperature. The compressors are designed as 100 % suction gas cooled

High ambient temperature

In case of enclosed ﬁtting and high ambient temperature it’s recommend to check the temperature of power wires and conformity to their insulation speciﬁcation. In case of safe tripping by the internal compressor overload

Low ambient temperature

Although the compressor itself can withstand low ambient temperature, the system may require speciﬁc design features to ensure safe

Application envelope

The operating envelopes for CH scroll compressors is given in the ﬁgure below, where the condensing and evaporating temperatures represent the range for steady-state operation. Under transient conditions, such as start-up and defrost, the compressor may operate outside this envelope for short periods. The operating limits serve to deﬁne the envelope within which reliable operations of the compressor are guaranteed:

POE is more hygroscopic and also holds moisture more tight than mineral oil. It also chemically reacts with water leading to acid and alcohol formation.

operation is allowed within the indicated voltage ranges. In case of risk of under-voltage operation, special attention must be paid to current draw.

without need for additional fan cooling. Ambient temperature has very little eﬀect on the compressor performance.

protection the compressor must cool down to about 60°C before the overload will reset. A high ambient temperature can strongly delay this cool-down process.

and reliable operation. See section ‘Speciﬁc application recommendations’.

• Maximum discharge gas temperature: +135°C,

• Due to the risk of liquid ﬂood back the minimum suction superheat allowed is 5 K

• Maximum superheat of 30 K,

• Minimum and maximum evaporating and

condensing temperatures as per the operating envelopes.

37.8

26.7

Condensing temperature (°C)

-5

-10

-35-40-45 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

-23.3 1.7 4.4 12.8-26.1

Evaporating temperature (°C)

SH 10K SH 5K

Map CH290

19FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Bracket

Application Guidelines

Operating conditions

68.3

41.7

Condensing temperature (°C)

-5

-10

-35-40-45 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Evaporating temperature (°C)

SH 30K SH 5KSH 10K

Map CH485

Discharge temperature protection

The discharge gas temperature must not exceed 135°C.

The discharge gas thermostat accessory kit (code

7750009) includes all components required for installation as shown below. The thermostat must be attached to the discharge line within 150 mm from the compressor discharge port and must be thermally insulated and tightly ﬁxed on the pipe.

A DGT protection is required if the high and low pressure switch settings do not protect the compressor against operations beyond its speciﬁc application envelope. Please refer to the examples below, which illustrate where DGT protection is required (Ex.1) and where it is not (Ex.2). A discharge gas temperature protection device must be installed on all heat pumps. In reversible air-to-air and air-to-water heat pumps

Example 1 (R410A) LP switch setting: LP1 = 3.3 bar (g) (-15.5°C) HP switch setting: HP1 = 38 bar (g) (62°C) Risk of operation beyond the application envelope. DGT protection required.

Example 2 (R410A) LP switch setting: LP2 = 4.6 bar (g) (-10.5°C) HP switch setting: HP2 = 31 bar (g) (52°C) No risk of operation beyond the application envelope. No DGT protection required.

Cond. temp. (°C)

-30 -25 -20 -15

Thermostat

Discharge line

Insulation

the discharge temperature must be monitored during development test by the equipment manufacturer. The DGT should be set to open at a discharge gas temperature of 135°C. The compressor must not be allowed to cycle on the discharge gas thermostat. Continuous operations beyond the compressor’s operating range will cause serious damage to the compressor!

Example 1

DGT - limit

LP1

LP2

-10

Evap. temp. (°C)

Example 2

Map example R410A

-5 0510 15 20

HP1

HP2

20 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

High and low pressure protection

Operating conditions

High pressure

Low pressure

A high-pressure (HP) safety switch is required to shut down the compressor should the discharge pressure exceed the values shown in the table section “System pressure test”. The high-pressure switch can be set to lower values depending on the application and ambient conditions. The HP

A low-pressure (LP) safety switch must be used. Deep vacuum operations of a scroll compressor can cause internal electrical arcing and scroll instability. Danfoss CH Scroll compressors exhibit high volumetric eﬃciency and may draw very low vacuum levels, which could induce such a problem. The minimum low-pressure safety switch (loss-of-charge safety switch) setting is

Pressure settings R410A

Working pressure range high side bar (g) 16.2 - 41.6

Working pressure range low side bar (g) 2.15 - 10.7

Maximum high pressure safety switch setting bar (g) 46.1

Minimum low pressure safety switch setting * bar (g) 1.5

Minimum low pressure pump-down switch setting ** bar (g) 2.15

* LP safety switch shall never be bypassed and shall have no time delay. ** Recommended pump-down switch settings: 1.5 bar below nominal evap. pressure with minimum of 2.15 bar(g)

switch must either be placed in a lockout circuit or consist of a manual reset device to prevent cycling around the high-pressure limit. If a discharge valve is used, the HP switch must be connected to the service valve gauge port, which must not be isolated.

given in the following table. For systems without pump-down, the LP safety switch must either be a manual lockout device or an automatic switch wired into an electrical lockout circuit. The LP switch tolerance must not allow for vacuum operations of the compressor. LP switch settings for pump-down cycles with automatic reset are also listed in the table below.

Note that these two diﬀerent low pressure switches also require diﬀerent settings. The low pressure pump down switch setting must always be within the operating envelope, for example 2.15 bar for R410A. The compressor can be operated full time under such condition.

Cycle rate limit Danfoss recommends a restart delay timer to

limit compressor cycling. The timer prevents reverse compressor rotation, which may occur during brief power interruptions.

The system must be designed in a way that guarantees a minimum compressor running time of 2 minutes so as to provide for suﬃcient motor cooling after start-up along with proper oil return. Note that the oil return may vary since it depends upon system design. There must be no more than 12 starts per hour, a number higher than 12 reduces the service life of the motor-

The minimum low pressure safety switch setting may be outside the normal operating envelope and should only be reached in exceptional (emergency) situations, for example 1.5 bar for R410A.

compressor unit. A three-minute (180- sec) time out is recommended.

T T

A2 A3A1

180 s

Please contact Danfoss Technical Support for any deviation from these guidelines.

21FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

System design recommendations

General

Essential piping design recommendations

Successful application of scroll compressors is dependent on careful selection of the compressor for the application. If the compressor is not correct for the system, it will operate

The working pressure in systems with R410A is about 60% higher than in systems with R22 or R407C. Consequently, all system components and piping must be designed for this higher pressure level.

Proper piping practices should be employed to ensure adequate oil return, even under minimum load conditions with special consideration given to the size and slope of the tubing coming from the evaporator. Tubing returns from the evaporator should be designed so as not to trap oil and to prevent oil and refrigerant migration back to the compressor during oﬀ-cycles.

In systems with R410A, the refrigerant mass ﬂow will be lower compared to R22/R407C systems. To maintain acceptable pressure drops and acceptable minimum gas velocities, the refrigerant piping must be reduced in size

beyond the limits given in this manual. Poor performance, reduced reliability, or both may result.

compared to R22 / R407C systems. Take care not to create too high pressure drops since in R410A systems the negative impact of high pressure drops on the system eﬃciency is stronger than in R22/R407C systems.

Piping should be designed with adequate threedimensional ﬂexibility. It should not be in contact with the surrounding structure, unless a proper tubing mount has been installed. This protection proves necessary to avoid excess vibration, which can ultimately result in connection or tube failure due to fatigue or wear from abrasion. Aside from tubing and connection damage, excess vibration may be transmitted to the surrounding structure and generate an unacceptable noise level within that structure as well. For more information on noise and vibration, see the section on: “Sound and vibration management”.

Suction lines

Discharge lines

If the evaporator lies above the compressor, as is often the case in split or remote condenser systems, the addition of a pump-down cycle is strongly recommended. If a pump-down cycle were to be omitted, the suction line must have a loop at the evaporator outlet to prevent refrigerant from draining into the compressor during oﬀ-cycles.

If the evaporator were situated below the compressor, the suction riser must be trapped so as to prevent liquid refrigerant from collecting at the outlet of the evaporator while the system is idle, which would mislead the expansion valve’s sensor (thermal bulb) at start-up.

When the condenser is mounted at a higher position than the compressor, a suitably sized “U”-shaped trap close to the compressor is necessary to prevent oil leaving the compressor from draining back to the discharge side of the compressor during oﬀ cycle. The upper loop also helps avoid condensed liquid refrigerant from draining back to the compressor when stopped.

max. 4 m

Upper loop

U Trap

U-trap

0.5% slope

4 m/s or more

U-trap, as short as possible

8 to 12 m/s

0.5% slope

4m/s or more

U trap, as short as possible

To condenser

Evaporator

Condenser

22 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

3D exibility

Application Guidelines

System design recommendations

Heat exchangers

To obtain optimum eﬃciency of the complete refrigerant system, optimised R410A heat exchangers must be used. R410A refrigerant has good heat transfer properties: it is worthwhile designing speciﬁc heat exchangers to gain in size and eﬃciency.

An evaporator with optimised R410A distributor and circuit will give correct superheat at outlet and optimal use of the exchange surface. This is critical for plate evaporators that have generally a shorter circuit and a lower volume than shell and tubes and air cooled coils.

For all evaporator types a special care is required for superheat control leaving the evaporator and oil return.

Refrigerant charge limit Danfoss CH compressors can tolerate liquid

refrigerant up to a certain extend without major problems. However, excessive liquid refrigerant in the compressor is always unfavorable for service life. Besides, the installation cooling capacity may be reduced because of the evaporation taking place in the compressor and/or the suction line instead of the evaporator. System design must be such that the amount of liquid refrigerant in the compressor is limited. In this respect, follow the

A sub-cooler circuit in the condenser that creates high sub cooling will increase eﬃciency at high condensing pressure. In R410A systems the positive eﬀect of sub cooling on system eﬃciency will be signiﬁcantly larger than in R22/R407C systems.

Furthermore, for good operation of the expansion device and to maintain good eﬃciency in the evaporator it is important to have an appropriate sub cooling. Without adequate sub cooling, ﬂash gas will be formed at the expansion device resulting in a high degree of vapour at the expansion device inlet leading to low eﬃciency.

guidelines given in the section: “Essential piping design recommendations” in priority.

Use the tables below to quickly evaluate the required compressor protection in relation with the system charge and the application.

Model

CH290 13.5

CH485 17

Refrigerant charge limit

(kg)

Cooling only systems,

Packaged units

Cooling only systems

with remote condenser

and split system units

Reversible heat pump system

BELOW charge limit ABOVE charge limit

Refrigerant migration and ﬂood back test

No test or additional safeties required



Refrigerant migration and ﬂood back test

REC

Sump heater

REC

Speciﬁc tests for repetitive ﬂood back

REQ

Sump heater

REQ

Defrost test For more details, refer to section ”Reversible heat pump system“

REQ

Recommended Required No test or additional safeties required

REC

Note: for special conditions such as low ambient temperature, low refrigerant load or brazed plate heat exchangers please refer to corresponding sections.

REQ

Sump heater

REQ

Refrigerant migration and ﬂood back test

REQ

Sump heater

REQ

Liquid receiver (in association with LLSV and

REC

pump down)



More detailed information can be found in the paragraphs hereafter. Please contact Danfoss Technical Support for any deviation from these guidelines.

23FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

System design recommendations

Oﬀ-cycle migration

Sump heater

Oﬀ -cycle refrigerant migration is likely to occur when the compressor is located at the coldest part of the installation, when the system uses a bleed-type expansion device, or if liquid is allowed to migrate from the evaporator into the compressor sump by gravity. If too much liquid refrigerant accumulates in the sump it will saturate the oil and lead to a ﬂooded start: when the compressor starts running again, the refrigerant evaporates abruptly under the sudden decrease of the bottom shell pressure, causing the oil to foam. In extreme situations, this might result in liquid slugging (liquid entering the scroll elements), which must be avoided as it causes irreversible damage to the compressor.

Danfoss CH scroll compressors can tolerate occasional ﬂooded starts as long as the total system charge does not exceed the maximum compressor refrigerant charge. A suitable test to evaluate the risk of oﬀ –cycle migration is the following:

The surface sump heaters are designed to protect the compressor against oﬀ-cycle migration of refrigerant.

When the compressor is idle, the oil temperature in the sump of the compressor must be maintained at no lower than 10 K above the saturation temperature of the refrigerant on the low-pressure side. This requirement ensures that the liquid refrigerant is not accumulating in the sump. A sump heater is only eﬀective if capable of sustaining this level of temperature diﬀerence. Tests must be conducted to ensure that the appropriate oil temperature is maintained under all ambient conditions (temperature and wind). Note that below -5°C ambient temperature and a wind speed of above 5m/second, we recommend that the heaters be thermally insulated in order to limit the surrounding energy losses.

Since the total system charge may be undeﬁned, a sump heater is recommended on all standalone compressors and split systems. In addition, any system containing a refrigerant charge in excess of the maximum recommended system charge for compressors requires a sump heater. A sump heater is also required on all reversible cycle applications.

• Stabilize the non-running system at 5°C ambient temperature,

• Raise the ambient temperature to 20°C and keep it for 10 minutes,

• Start the compressor and monitor sump temperature, sight glass indication and sound level.

The presence of liquid in the crankcase can be easily detected by checking the sump level through the oil sight glass. Foam in the oil sump indicates a ﬂooded start.

A noisy start, oil loss from the sump and sump cool down are indications for migration. Depending on the amount of migration graduate measures shall be taken:

• Sump heater

• Liquid line solenoid valve

• Pump down cycle

oﬀ

Compressor 1

Compressor 2

Compressor 3

oﬀ

The heater must be energized whenever the compressor is oﬀ to avoid liquid refrigerant entering the compressor.

Provide separate electrical supply for the heaters so that they remain energized even when the machine is out of service (e.g. seasonal shutdown). Surface sump heater accessories are available from Danfoss (see section “Accessories”).

24 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

At initial start-up or after power shortage, it is recommended to energize surface sump heater to remove refrigerant 6 hours in advance. A quicker start-up is possible by “jogging” the compressor to evacuate refrigerant in the compressor.

Application Guidelines

System design recommendations

Liquid line solenoid valve (LLSV)

Pump-down cycle Pump-down cycle represents one of the most

A LLSV may be used to isolate the liquid charge on the condenser side, thereby preventing against charge transfer or excessive migration to the compressor during oﬀ-cycles. The quantity of

eﬀective ways to protect against the oﬀ –cycle migration of liquid refrigerant. Once the system has reached its set point and is about to shut oﬀ, the LLSV on the condenser outlet closes. The compressor then pumps the majority of the refrigerant charge into the condenser and receiver before the system stops on the low pressure pump-down switch. This step reduces the amount of charge on the low side in order to prevent oﬀ -cycle migration. The recommended low-pressure pump-down switch setting is 1.5 bar below the nominal evaporating pressure. It shall not be set lower than 2.15 bar(g). For suggested wiring diagrams, please see section «Suggested wiring diagrams logic».

Tests for pump down cycle approval:

• As the pump-down switch setting is inside the application envelope, tests should be carried out to check unexpected cut-out during transient conditions (ie. defrost – cold starting). When unwanted cut-outs occur, the low pressure pump-down switch can be delayed. In this case

refrigerant on the low-pressure side of the system can be further reduced by using a pump-down cycle in association with the LLSV.

a low pressure safety switch without any delay timer is mandatory. While the thermostat is oﬀ, the number of pressure switch resets should be limited to avoid short cycling of the compressor. Use dedicated wiring and an additional relay which allows for one shot pump-down.

The pump-down allows to store all the refrigerant in the high pressure side circuit. On unitary or close-coupled systems, where the system refrigerant charge is expected to be both correct and deﬁnable the entire system charge may be stored in the condenser during pump-down if all components have been properly sized. Other application needs a liquid receiver to store the refrigerant.

Receiver dimensioning requires special attention. The receiver shall be large enough to contain part of the system refrigerant charge but it shall not be dimensioned too large. A large receiver easily leads to refrigerant overcharging during maintenance operation.

25FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

System design recommendations

Liquid ﬂood back

During normal operation, refrigerant enters the compressor as a superheated vapour. Liquid ﬂood back occurs when a part of the refrigerant entering the compressor is still in liquid state. Danfoss CH scroll compressors can tolerate occasional liquid ﬂood back. However system design must be such that repeated and excessive ﬂood back is not possible.

Liquid ﬂood back test - Repetitive liquid ﬂood back testing must be carried out under expansion valve threshold operating conditions: a high pressure ratio and minimum evaporator load, along with the measurement of suction superheat, oil sump temperature and discharge gas temperature.

During operations, liquid ﬂood back may be detected by measuring either the oil sump temperature or the discharge gas temperature. If at any time during operations, the oil sump temperature drops to within 10K or less above

Suction accumulator: a suction accumulator oﬀers protection against refrigerant ﬂood back at start-up, during operations or defrosting by trapping the liquid refrigerant upstream from the compressor. The suction accumulator also protects against oﬀ -cycle migration by providing additional internal free volume to the low side of the system.

A suction accumulator must be carefully dimensioned, taking into account the refrigerant

A continuous liquid ﬂood back will cause oil dilution and, in extreme situations lead to lack of lubrication and high rate of oil leaving the compressor.

the saturated suction temperature, or should the discharge gas temperature be less than 35K above the saturated discharge temperature, this indicates liquid ﬂood back.

Continuous liquid ﬂood back can occur with a wrong dimensioning, a wrong setting or malfunction of the expansion device or in case of evaporator fan failure or blocked air ﬁlters. A suction accumulator providing additional protection as explained hereunder can be used to solve light continuous liquid ﬂood back.

charge as well as the gas velocity in the suction line. The accumulator should not be sized for less than 50 % of the total system charge. Tests must be conducted to determine the actual refrigerant holding capacity needed for the application.

Depending on the operating conditions it may happen that the recommended connections of the accumulator are one size smaller than the suction line.

26 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Low ambient application

Speciﬁc application recommendations

Low ambient start-up

Low ambient operations

Under cold ambient conditions (<0°C), upon start-up the pressure in the condenser may be so low that a suﬃcient pressure diﬀerential across the expansion device cannot be developed to properly feed the evaporator.

As a result, the compressor may go into a deep vacuum, which can lead to compressor failure due to internal arcing and instability in the scroll wraps. Under no circumstances should the compressor be allowed to operate under vacuum. The low-pressure control must be set in accordance with the table section “Low pressure” in order to prevent this from happening. Early

The Danfoss CH scroll compressor requires a minimum pressure diﬀerential of 6 to 7 bar between the suction and discharge pressures to force the orbiting scroll down against the oil ﬁlm on the thrust bearing. Anything less than this diﬀerential and the orbiting scroll can lift up, causing a metal-to-metal contact. It is therefore necessary to maintain suﬃcient discharge pressure in order to ensure this pressure diﬀerential. Care should be taken during low ambient operations when heat removal from air-cooled condensers is greatest and head pressure control may be required for low ambient temperature applications. Operation under low pressure diﬀerential may be observed by a signiﬁcant increase in the sound power level generated by the compressor.

It is recommended that the unit be tested and monitored at minimum load and low ambient conditions as well. The following considerations should be taken into account to ensure proper system operating characteristics.

Expansion device: The expansion device should be sized to ensure proper control of the refrigerant ﬂow into the evaporator. An oversized valve may result in erratic control. This can lead to liquid refrigerant entering the compressor if the expansion valve does not provide stable refrigerant super-heat control under varying loads. The superheat setting of the expansion device should be suﬃcient to ensure proper superheat levels during low loading periods. A minimum of 5 K stable superheat is required.

feeding of the evaporator and management of the discharge pressure could help to attenuate these eﬀects.

Low pressure diﬀerentials can also cause the expansion device to «hunt» erratically, which might cause surging conditions within the evaporator, with liquid spillover into the compressor. This eﬀect is most pronounced during low load conditions, which frequently occur during low ambient conditions.

Head pressure control under low ambient conditions: Several possible solutions are available to prevent the risk of compressor to vacuum and low pressure diﬀerential between the suction and discharge pressures.

In air-cooled machines, cycling the fans with a head pressure controller will ensure that the fans remain oﬀ until the condensing pressure has reached a satisfactory level. Variable speed fans can also be used to control the condensing pressure. In water-cooled units, the same can be performed using a water regulator valve that is also operated by head pressure, thereby ensuring that the water valve does not open until the condensing pressure reaches a satisfactory level.

The minimum condensing pressure must be set at the minimum saturated condensing temperature shown in the application envelopes.

Under very low ambient conditions, in which testing has revealed that the above procedures might not ensure satisfactory condensing and suction pressures, the use of a head pressure control valve is recommended. Note: This solution requires extra refrigerant charge, which can introduce other problems. A non-return valve in the discharge line is recommended and special care should be taken when designing the discharge line.

For further information, please contact Danfoss.

27FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Speciﬁc application recommendations

Sump heaters

Low load operation

Brazed plate heat exchangers

Sump heaters are strongly recommended on all systems where the compressor is exposed to low ambient temperatures, especially split and remote condenser installations. The sump heater

The compressors should be run for a minimum period in order to ensure that the oil has suﬃcient time to properly return to the

A brazed plate heat exchanger needs very little internal volume to satisfy the set of heat transfer requirements. Consequently, the heat exchanger oﬀers very little internal volume for the compressor to draw vapour from on the suction side. The compressor can then quickly enter into a vacuum condition. It is therefore important that the expansion device be sized correctly and that a suﬃcient pressure diﬀerential across the expansion device be available to ensure adequate refrigerant feed into the evaporator. This aspect is of special concern when operating the unit under low ambient and load conditions. For further information on these conditions, please refer to the previous sections.

Due to the small volume of the brazed plate heat exchanger, no pump-down cycle is normally

will minimize refrigerant migration caused by the large temperature gradient between the compressor and the remainder of the system, please refer to section “Accessories”.

compressor sumps and that the motor has suﬃcient time to cool under conditions of lowest refrigerant mass ﬂows.

required. The suction line running from the heat exchanger to the compressor must be trapped to avoid refrigerant migration to the compressor.

When using a brazed plate condenser heat exchanger, a suﬃcient free volume for the discharge gas to accumulate is required in order to avoid excess pressure build-up. At least 1 meter of discharge line is necessary to generate this volume.

To help reduce the gas volume immediately after start-up even further, the supply of cooling water to the heat exchanger may be opened before the compressor starts up so as to remove superheat and condense the incoming discharge gas more quickly.

Electronic expansion valve

Reversible heat pump systems

The use of an electronic expansion valve requires a speciﬁc compressor start / stop control.

Speciﬁc compressor start sequence control has to be set when an electronic expansion valve (EXV) is used. The sequence must be adjusted according to the EXV step motor speed to allow time for the EXV to open before the compressor starts to avoid running under vacuum conditions.

The EXV should be closed at compressor stop not to let refrigerant in liquid phase entering the

Transients are likely to occur in reversible heat pump systems, i.e. a changeover cycle from cooling to heating, defrost or low-load short cycles. These transient modes of operation may lead to liquid refrigerant carry-over (or ﬂood back) or excessively wet refrigerant return conditions. As such, reversible cycle applications require speciﬁc precautions for ensuring a long compressor life and satisfactory operating characteristics. Regardless of the refrigerant

compressor. Ensure that the EXV closes when the supply voltage to the controller is interrupted (ie power cut oﬀ) by the use of a battery back-up.

EXV Opened

Closed

Compressor On

Oﬀ

charge in the system, speciﬁc tests for repetitive ﬂood back are required to conﬁrm whether or not a suction accumulator needs to be installed.

The following considerations cover the most important issues when dealing with common applications. Each application design however should be thoroughly tested to ensure acceptable operating characteristics.

28 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Speciﬁc application recommendations

Sump heaters Sump heaters are mandatory on reversible

cycle applications given the high probability of liquid migration back to the compressor sump

Discharge temperature thermostat

Discharge line, reversing valve, solenoid valves

Heat pumps frequently utilize high condensing temperatures in order to achieve a suﬃcient temperature rise in the medium being heated. At the same time, they often require low evaporating pressures to obtain suﬃcient temperature diﬀerentials between the evaporator and the outside temperature. This situation may result in high discharge temperature; as such, it is mandatory that a discharge gas thermostat be installed on the discharge line to protect

The Danfoss CH scroll compressor is a high volumetric machine and, as such, can rapidly build up pressure in the discharge line if gas in the line becomes obstructed even for a very short period of time which situation may occur with slow-acting reversing valves in heat pumps. Discharge pressures exceeding the operating envelope may result in nuisance high-pressure switch cutouts and place excess strain on both the bearings and motor.

To prevent such occurrences, it is important that a 1-meter minimum discharge line length be allowed between the compressor discharge port

during oﬀ -cycles due to the outdoor location of most units and operations during low ambient conditions.

the compressor from excessive temperatures. Operating the compressor at too high discharge temperatures can result in mechanical damage to the compressor as well as thermal degradation of the compressor lubricating oil and a lack of suﬃcient lubrication. The discharge gas thermostat should be set to shut down the compressor in the event discharge gas rises above 135°C.

and the reversing valve or any other restriction. This gives suﬃcient free volume for the discharge gas to collect and to reduce the pressure peak during the time it takes for the valve to change position. At the same time, it is important that the selection and sizing of the reversing or 4-way valve ensure that the valve switches quickly enough to prevent against too high discharge pressure and nuisance high-pressure cutouts. Check with the valve manufacturer for optimal sizing and recommended mounting positions.

29FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Speciﬁc application recommendations

Defrost and reverse cycle

Suction line accumulator

In applications with heat recovery or condenser partialisation, servo piloted solenoid valve have to be properly sized or associated with a second small valve in parallel, in order to avoid quick

The Danfoss CH scroll compressor have the ability to withstand a certain amount of liquid refrigerant dynamic slug.

When compressors are installed in parallel, in order to limit liquid amount handled per compressor when beginning and ending defrost, it is recommended to avoid running part load (keep all compressors running or keep them stopped when moving 4-way valves).

For further details, please refer to Parallel application guidelines

The use of a suction line accumulator is strongly recommended in reversible-cycle applications. This because of the possibility of a substantial quantity of liquid refrigerant remaining in the evaporator, which acts as a condenser during the heating cycle.

This liquid refrigerant can then return to the compressor, either ﬂooding the sump with refrigerant or as a dynamic liquid slug when

discharge pressure drops when opening. This phenomenon could lead to hammering eﬀects and create constraints on the non-return valve integrated in discharge ﬁtting.

EXV can also be opened when compressors are stopped and before 4 way valve is moving in order to decrease pressure diﬀerence. Opening degree and time have to be set in order to keep a minimum pressure diﬀerence for 4 way valve moving. Each application design however should be thoroughly tested to ensure acceptable operating characteristics.

the cycle switches back to a defrost cycle or to normal cooling operations.

Sustained and repeated liquid slugging and ﬂood back can seriously impair the oil’s ability to lubricate the compressor bearings. This situation can be observed in wet climates where it is necessary to frequently defrost the outdoor coil in an air source heat pump. In such cases a suction accumulator becomes mandatory.

Water utilizing systems

Apart from residual moisture in the system after commissioning, water could also enter the refrigeration circuit during operation. Water in the system shall always be avoided. Not only because it can shortly lead to electrical failure, sludge in sump and corrosion but in particular because it can cause serious safety risks.

Common causes for water leaks are corrosion and freezing.

Corrosion: Materials in the system shall be compliant with water and protected against corrosion.

Freezing: When water freezes into ice its volume expands which can damage heat exchanger walls and cause leaks. During oﬀ periods water inside heat exchangers could start freezing when ambient temperature is lower than 0°C. During on periods ice banking could occur when the circuit is running continuously at too low load.

Both situations should be avoided by connecting a pressure and thermostat switch in the safety line.

30 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Sound and vibration management

Starting sound level

Running sound level

Stopping sound level

During start-up transients it is natural for the compressor sound level to be slightly higher than during normal running. The CH scroll compressors exhibit very little increased start-up transient sound. If a compressor is miswired,

compressor rotation is characterized by an objectionable sound. To correct reverse rotation, disconnect power and switch any two of the three power leads at the unit contactor. Never switch leads at the compressor terminals.

the compressor will run in reverse. Reverse

Compressor acoustic hoods have been developed to meet speciﬁc extra-low noise

incorporate sound prooﬁng materials and oﬀer excellent high and low frequency attenuation.

requirements. The covers and bottom insulations

50 Hz

Model

CH290 82 6 120Z0 022 120Z0 353

CH485 89 4 120Z0 022 120Z0353

Sound power and attenuation are given at ARI conditions, measured in free space



Attenuation given with acoustic hood only



Bottom hood is provided in surface sump heater accessories. Additional attenuation is 2 to 4 dBA. Materials are UL approved and

RoHS compliant.

Sound power dB(A)

CH compressors are equipped with a discharge valve which closes at compressor shut down and thus prevents the compressor from running backwards. This reduces the stopping sound to a

Attenuation

dBA 

When the pressure diﬀerence or gas ﬂow at shut down should be very low, this can delay the discharge valve from closing and lead to a longer noise duration.

Acoustic hood code

number

Bottom hood code

number 

metallic click caused by the closing valve.

Sound generation in a refrigeration or air conditioning system

Typical sound and vibration in refrigeration and air conditioning systems encountered by design and service engineers may be broken down into the following three source categories.

Sound radiation: this generally takes an airborne path.

Mechanical vibrations: these generally extend along the parts of the unit and structure.

Gas pulsation: this tends to travel through the cooling medium, i.e. the refrigerant.

The following sections focus on the causes and methods of mitigation for each of the above sources.

31FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Sound and vibration management

Compressor sound radiation For sound radiating from the compressor, the

emission path is airborne and the sound waves are travelling directly from the machine in all directions.

The CH scroll compressors are designed to be quiet and the frequency of the sound generated is pushed into the higher ranges, which not only are easier to reduce but also do not generate the penetrating power of lower frequency sound.

Use of sound-insulation materials on the inside of unit panels is an eﬀective means of substantially reducing the sound being transmitted to the outside. Ensure that no components capable of transmitting sound/vibration within the unit come into direct contact with any non-insulated parts on the walls of the unit.

Mechanical vibrations

Vibration isolation constitutes the primary method for controlling structural vibration. Danfoss CH scroll compressors are designed to produce minimal vibration during operations. Once the supplied rubber grommets have been properly mounted, vibrations transmitted from the compressor base plate to the unit are held to a strict minimum. In addition, it is extremely important that the frame supporting the mounted compressor be of suﬃcient mass and stiﬀness to help dampen any residual vibration potentially transmitted to the. For further information on mounting requirements, please refer to the section on mounting assembly.

Because of the unique Danfoss design of a full-suction gas-cooled motor, compressor body insulation across its entire operating range is possible. Acoustic hoods are available from Danfoss as accessories. They have been developed to meet speciﬁc extra low noise requirements. They incorporate sound prooﬁng materials and oﬀer excellent high and low frequency alternative.

These hoods are quick and easy to install and do not increase the overall size of the compressors to a great extend.

Refer to section “Running sound level” for sound attenuation and code numbers.

Note: For parallel assemblies see speciﬁc recommendations in Danfoss parallel application guidelines (Rigid mounting).

The tubing should be designed so as to both reduce the transmission of vibrations to other structures and withstand vibration without incurring any damage. Tubing should also be designed for three-dimensional ﬂexibility. For more information on piping design, please see the section entitled “Essential piping design considerations”.

Gas pulsation

The Danfoss CH scroll compressors have been designed and tested to ensure that gas pulsation has been optimised for the most commonly encountered air conditioning pressure ratio. On heat pump installations and other installations where the pressure ratio lies beyond the typical range, testing should be conducted

under all expected conditions and operating conﬁgurations to ensure that minimum gas pulsation is present. If an unacceptable level is identiﬁed, a discharge muﬄer with the appropriate resonant volume and mass should be installed. This information can be obtained from the component manufacturer.

32 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Installation

Compressor handling and storage

Each CH compressor is shipped with printed Instructions for installation. These instructions can also be downloaded from our web site:

Each Danfoss CH scroll compressor is equipped with two lift rings on the top shell. Always use both these rings when lifting the compressor. Use lifting equipment rated and certiﬁed for the weight of the compressor. A spreader bar rated for the weight of the compressor is highly recommended to ensure a better load distribution. The use of lifting hooks closed with a clasp and certiﬁed to lift the weight of the compressor is also highly recommended. Always respect the appropriate rules concerning lifting objects of the type and weight of these compressors.

Maintain the compressor in an upright position during all handling man oeuvres (maximum of 15° from vertical).

Never use only one lifting lug to lift the compressor. The compressor is too heavy for the single lug to handle, and the risk is run that the lug could separate from the compressor with extensive damage and possible personal injury as a result.

www.danfoss.com or directly from: http://www. danfoss.com/China/

Store the compressor not exposed to rain, corrosive or ﬂammable atmosphere and between

-35°C and 51°C when charged with R410A refrigerant and between -35°C and 70°C when charged with nitrogen. When the compressor is mounted as part of an installation, never use the lift rings on the compressor to lift the installation. The risk is run that the lugs could separate from the compressor or that the compressor could separate from the base frame with extensive damage and possible personal injury as a result.

Never apply force to the terminal box with the intention of moving the compressor, as the force placed upon the terminal box can cause extensive damage to both the box and the components contained inside.

HEAVY

do not lift manually

33FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Installation

Compressor mounting

Mounting

Maximum inclination from the vertical plane while operating must not exceed 3 degrees.

Compressors CH290 & 485 dedicated for parallel (versions AA and AB) mounting come delivered with rigid mounting spacers for parallel mounting.

CH290 used in single applications, are delivered with ﬂexible grommets. The grommets must be compressed until contact between the

Manifoldable compressor

with rigid spacers

ﬂat washer and the steel mounting sleeve is established. The grommets attenuate to a great extent the transmission of compressor vibrations to the base frame.

The required bolt size for the CH290 & 485 compressors is HM8-55. This bolt must be tightened to a torque of 21 Nm.

Single compressor

with rubber grommets

Compressor holding charge

HM 8 bolt Lock washer

Nut

Flat washer

29.5 mm

Rigid spacer

Nut

Each compressor is shipped with a nominal dry nitrogen holding charge between 0.3 and 0.7 bar and is sealed with elastomer plugs.

Before the suction and discharge plugs are removed, the nitrogen holding charge must be released via the suction schrader valve to avoid an oil mist blowout. Remove the suction plug

HM 8 bolt

Lock washer

Flat washer

Steel mounting sleeve

Rubber grommet

Nut

Compressor base plate

27.5 mm

ﬁrst and the discharge plug afterwards. The plugs shall be removed only just before connecting the compressor to the installation in order to avoid moisture from entering the compressor. When the plugs are removed, it is essential to keep the compressor in an upright position so as to avoid oil spillage.

34 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Installation

System cleanliness

The refrigerant compression system, regardless of the type of compressor used, will only provide high eﬃciency and good reliability, along with a long operating life, if the system contains solely the refrigerant and oil it was designed for. Any other substances within the system will not improve performance and, in most cases, will be highly detrimental to system operations.

The presence of non-condensable substances and system contaminants such as metal shavings, solder and ﬂux, have a negative impact on compressor service life. Many of these contaminants are small enough to pass through a mesh screen and can cause considerable damage within a bearing assembly. The use of highly hygroscopic polyol ester oil in R410A compressors requires that the oil be exposed to the atmosphere as little as possible. System

Tubing Only use clean and dehydrated refrigeration

grade copper tubing. Tube-cutting must be carried out so as not to deform the tubing roundness and to ensure that no foreign debris remains within the tubing. Only refrigerant grade ﬁttings should be used and these must be of

contamination is one of main factors aﬀecting equipment reliability and compressor service life. It is important therefore to take system cleanliness into account when assembling a refrigeration system.

During the manufacturing process, circuit contamination may be caused by:

• Brazing and welding oxides,

• Filings and particles from the removal of burrs in pipe-work,

• Brazing ﬂux,

• Moisture and air.

Consequently, when building equipment and assemblies, the precautions listed in the following paragraphs must be taken.

both a design and size to allow for a minimum pressure drop through the completed assembly. Follow the brazing instructions on next pages. Never drill holes into parts of the pipe-work where ﬁ lings and particles can not be removed.

Brazing and soldering

Do not bend the compressor discharge or suction lines or force system piping into the compressor connections, because this will increase stresses that are a potential cause of failure. Recommended brazing procedures and material,

Copper to copper connections

When brazing copper-to-copper connections, the use of copper/phosphorus brazing alloy containing 5% silver or more with a melting

Dissimilar metals connection

When manipulating dissimilar metals such as copper and brass or steel, the use of silver solder (5% or more) and anti-oxidant ﬂux is necessary.

Compressor connection When brazing the compressor ﬁttings, do not

overheat the compressor shell, which could severely damage certain internal components due to excessive heating. Use of a heat shield and/or a heat-absorbent compound is highly recommended. Due to the relatively sizable tubing and ﬁtting diameters a double-tipped torch using acetylene is recommended for brazing operation on CH scroll compressors.

are described section “Compressor connection”. These operations must be performed by a qualiﬁed personnel in compliance with all pertinent practices and safety procedures.

temperature of below 800°C is recommended. No ﬂux is required during brazing.

Please contact Danrfoss Technical support for any deviation from this guidelines.

heat shield

35FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Installation

For brazing the suction and discharge connections, the following procedure is advised:

.Make sure that no electrical wiring is connected

to the compressor.

.Protect the terminal box and compressor

painted surfaces from torch heat damage (see diagram).

.Remove the Teﬂon gaskets when brazing

rotolock connectors with solder sleeves.

.Use only clean refrigeration-grade copper

tubing and clean all connections.

.Use brazing material with a minimum of 5%

silver content.

.Purge nitrogen or CO

through the compressor

in order to prevent against oxidation and ﬂammable conditions. The compressor should not be exposed to the open air for extended periods.

.Use of a double-tipped torch is recommended.

.Apply heat evenly to area A until the brazing

temperature is reached. Move the torch to area B and apply heat evenly until the brazing temperature has been reached there as well, and then begin adding the brazing material. Move the torch evenly around the joint, in applying only enough brazing material to ﬂow the full circumference of the joint.

.Move the torch to area C only long enough to

draw the brazing material into the joint, but not into the compressor.

.Remove all remaining ﬂux once the joint has

been soldered with a wire brush or a wet cloth. Remaining ﬂux would cause corrosion of the tubing.

In addition, for discharge connections equipped with a non return valve integrated in discharge ﬁtting the direction of the torch has to be as described on the picture, and maximum brazing time should be less than 2 minutes to avoid NRVI damages.

Ensure that no ﬂux is allowed to enter into the tubing or compressor. Flux is acidic and can cause substantial damage to the internal parts of the system and compressor.

The polyolester oil used in CH compressors is highly hygroscopic and will rapidly absorb moisture from the air. The compressor must therefore not be left open to the atmosphere for a long period of time. The compressor ﬁtting plugs shall be removed just before brazing the compressor. The compressor should always be the last component brazed into the system

Before eventual unbrazing the compressor or any system component, the refrigerant charge must be removed from both the high- and low-pressure sides. Failure to do so may result in serious personal injury. Pressure gauges must be used to ensure all pressures are at atmospheric level.

For more detailed information on the appropriate materials required for brazing or soldering, please contact the product manufacturer or distributor. For speciﬁc applications not covered herein, please contact Danfoss for further information.

System pressure test Always use an inert gas such as nitrogen for

pressure testing. Never use other gasses such as oxygen, dry air or acetylene as these may form

Maximum compressor test pressure (low side) 33.3 bar (g)

Maximum compressor test pressure (high side) 48.7 bar (g)

Maximum pressure diﬀerence between high and low side of the compressor

Pressurize the system on HP side ﬁrst then LP side to prevent rotation of the scroll. Never let the pressure on LP side exceed the pressure on HP side with more than 5 bar.

36 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

an inﬂammable mixture. Do not exceed the following pressures:

CH290 /CH485

37 bar (g)

On CH models which have an internal non return valve in discharge ﬁtting, we advise to pressurize the system not quicker than 4.8 bar/s to allow pressure equalization between LP and HP side over scroll elements.

Application Guidelines

Installation

Leak detection Leak detection must be carried out using a

mixture of nitrogen and refrigerant or nitrogen and helium, as indicated in the table below. Never use other gasses such as oxygen, dry air

Leak detection with refrigerant Leak detection with a mass spectrometer

Nitrogen and R410A Nitrogen and Helium

Note 1: Leak detection with refrigerant may be forbidden in some countries. Check local regulations. Note 2: The use of leak detecting additives is not recommended as they may aﬀect the lubricant properties.

Vacuum evacuation and moisture removal

Moisture obstructs the proper functioning of the compressor and the refrigeration system. Air and moisture reduce service life and increase condensing pressure, and cause excessively high discharge temperatures, which can destroy the lubricating properties of the oil. Air and moisture also increase the risk of acid formation, giving rise to copper platting. All these phenomena can cause mechanical and electrical compressor failure.

For these reasons it’s important to perform a vacuum dehydration on the system to remove all residual moisture from the pipe-work after assembly; CH compressors are delivered with <

or acetylene as these may form an inﬂammable mixture. Pressurize the system on HP side ﬁrst then LP side.

100 ppm moisture level. The required moisture level in the circuit after vacuum dehydration must be < 100 ppm for systems with a CH.

• Never use the compressor to evacuate the system.

• Connect a vacuum pump to both the LP & HP sides.

• Evacuate the system to a pressure of 500 μm Hg (0.67 mbar) absolute.

Do not use a megohm meter nor apply power to the compressor while it’s under vacuum as this may cause internal damage.

Filter driers A properly sized & type of drier is required.

Important selection criteria include the driers water content capacity, the system refrigeration capacity and the system refrigerant charge. The drier must be able to reach and maintain a moisture level of 50 ppm end point dryness (EPD).

For new installations with CH compressors with polyolester oil, Danfoss recommends using the Danfoss DML (100% molecular sieve) solid core ﬁlter drier. Molecular sieve ﬁlter driers with loose beads from third party suppliers shall be avoided.

Refrigerant charging

For the initial charge the compressor must not run and eventual service valves must be closed. Charge refrigerant as close as possible to the nominal system charge before starting the compressor. This initial charging operation must be done in liquid phase. The best location is on the liquid line between the condenser outlet and the ﬁlter drier. Then during commissioning, when needed, a complement of charge can be done in liquid phase: slowly throttling liquid in on the low pressure side as far away as possible from the compressor suction connection while compressor is running. The refrigerant charge quantity must be suitable for both summer and

For servicing of existing installations where acid formation is present the Danfoss DCL (solid core) ﬁlter driers containing activated alumina are recommended.

The drier is to be oversized rather than under sized. When selecting a drier, always take into account its capacity (water content capacity), the system refrigeration capacity and the system refrigerant charge.

After burn out, remove & replace the liquid line ﬁlter drier and install a Danfoss type DAS burnout drier of the appropriate capacity. Refer to the DAS drier instructions and technical information for correct use of the burnout drier on the liquid line.

winter operations. Vacuum or charge from one side can seal the scrolls and result in a nonstarting compressor. When servicing, always ensure that LP/ HP pressures are balanced before starting the compressor.

Be sure to follow all government regulations regarding refrigerant reclamation and storage.

For more detailed information see “Recommended refrigerant system charging practice” news bulletin FRCC.EN.050.

37FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Installation

Insulation resistance and dielectric strength

Commissioning

Insulation resistance must be higher than 1 megohm when measured with a 500 volt direct current megohm tester.

Each compressor motor is tested at the factory with a high potential voltage (hi-pot) that exceeds the UL requirement both in potential and in duration. Leakage current is less than

0.5 mA.

CH scroll compressors are conﬁgured with the pump assembly at the top of the shell, and the motor below. As a result, the motor can be partially immersed in refrigerant and oil. The presence of refrigerant around the motor windings will result in lower resistance

The system must be monitored after initial startup for a minimum of 60 minutes to ensure proper operating characteristics such as:

• Proper metering device operation and desired superheat readings

• Suction and discharge pressure are within acceptable levels

• Correct oil level indicating proper oil return

values to ground and higher leakage current readings. Such readings do not indicate a faulty compressor.

In testing insulation resistance, Danfoss recommends that the system be ﬁrst operated brieﬂy to distribute refrigerant throughout the system. Following this brief operation, retest the compressor for insulation resistance or current leakage.

Never reset a breaker or replace a fuse without ﬁrst checking for a ground fault (a short circuit to ground). Be alert for sounds of arcing inside the compressor.

• Low foaming in sight glass and compressor sump temperature 10K above saturation temperature to show that there is no refrigerant migration taking place

• Acceptable cycling rate of compressors, including duration of run times

• Current draw of individual compressors within acceptable values (max operating current)

• No abnormal vibrations and noise.

Oil level checking and top-up

In installations with good oil return and line runs up to 20 m, no additional oil is required. If installation lines exceed 20 m, additional oil may be needed. 1 or 2% of the total system refrigerant charge (in weight) can be used to roughly deﬁne the required oil top-up quantity but in any case the oil charge has to be adjusted based on the oil level in the compressor sight glass. When the compressor is running under stabilised conditions the oil level must be visible in the sight glass. The presence of foam ﬁlling in the sight glass indicates large concentration of refrigerant in the oil and / or presence of liquid returning to the compressor.

The oil level can also be checked a few minutes after the compressor stops. When the compressor is oﬀ, the level in the sight glass can be inﬂuenced by the presence of refrigerant in the oil. Always use original Danfoss POE oil 160SZ from new cans. Top-up the oil while the compressor is idle. Use the schrader connector or any other accessible connector on the compressor suction line and a suitable pump. See News bulletin “Lubricants ﬁlling in instructions for Danfoss Commercial Compressors”.

38 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Single pack

Ordering information and packaging

Industrial pack

Compressor model

CH290 470 400 698 119

CH485 760 600 900 189

Compressor model Nbr*

CH290 6 1150 965 768 702 2

CH485 4 1150 965 800 737 2

* nbr: number of compressors per pack

Length

(mm)

Length

(mm)

Width

(mm)

Width

(mm)

Height

(mm)

Height

(mm)

Gross

weight

(kg)

Gross

weight

(kg)

Static

stacking

pallets

Ordering information

Single usage

Parallel usage

Model Packaging Connections Mounting feet Motor protection Code no.

CH290 Single Brazed Rigid Mo du l e 115 -24 0V 120H1242

CH290 Industrial Brazed Rigid Mo du le 115-240V 120 H1243

CH485 Single Brazed Rigid Mo du le 115 -24 0V 120H124 5

Scroll compressors can be ordered in either industrial packs or in single packs. Please use the code numbers from below tables for ordering.

CH290 Connections Mounting feet Motor protection Code no.

Single pack Brazed Flexible Module 115-240V * 120H1070

Industrial pack Brazed Flexible Module 115-240V * 120H1071

* Electronic motor protection, module located in terminal box

39FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Accessories

Solder sleeve adapter set

Code n° Description Application Packaging Pack size

7765028 Rotolock adaptor set (2"1/4 ~ 1"5/8) , (1"3/4 ~ 1"1/8) CH290 Multipack 6

120Z0 504 Rotolock adaptor set (2"1/4 ~ 1"5/8), (1"3/4 ~ 1"3/8) CH485 Multipack 6

Rotolock adapter

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

120Z0 364 Adaptor (1"3/4 Rotolock - 1"1/8 ODS) Multipack 10

120Z0 432 Adaptor (2"1/4 Rotolock - 1"5/8 ODS) Multipack 10

120Z0 431 Adaptor (1"3/4 Rotolock - 1"3/8 ODS) Multipack 10

Gaskets

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

8156132 Gasket, 1"3/4 Models with 1"3/4 rotolock connection Multipack 10

7956003 Gasket, 1"3/4 Models with 1"3/4 rotolock connection Industry pack 50

8156133 Gasket, 2"1/4 Models with 2"1/4 rotolock connection Multipack 10

7956004 Gasket, 2"1/4 Models with 2"1/4 rotolock connection Industry pack 50

Solder sleeve

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

8153004 Solder sleeve P02 (1"3/4 Rotolock - 1"1/8 ODF) Multipack 10

7953005 Solder sleeve P02 (1"3/4 Rotolock - 1"1/8 ODF) Industry pack 50

8153006 Solder sleeve P03 (2"1/4 Rotolock - 1"5/8 ODF) Multipack 10

7953006 Solder sleeve P03 (2"1/4 Rotolock - 1"5/8 ODF) Industry pack 50

Rotolock nut

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

8153124 Rotolock nut, 1"3/4 Models with 1-3/4" rotolock connection Multipack 10

7953003 Rotolock nut, 1"3/4 Models with 1-3/4" rotolock connection Industry pack 50

8153126 Rotolock nut, 2"1/4 Models with 2-1/4" rotolock Multipack 10

120Z0 047 Rotolock nut, 2"1/4 Models with 2-1/4" rotolock Industry pack 50

Rotolock service valve set

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

7703383 Valve set, V03 (2"1/4 ~ 1"5/8), V02 (1"3/4 ~ 1"1/8) Multipack 4

40 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Accessories

3-phase soft start equipment

Typ e Code n° Description Application Packaging Pack size

MCI 50 CM 037N0401 Electronic soft start kit, MCI 50 C CH290 Single pack 1

MCD201-055 175G520 5 Electronic soft starter MCD201-055-T6-CV1 CH485 Single pack 1

Motor protection modules

Code n° Description Application Packaging Pack size

120Z0584 Electronic motor protection module, 24 V AC

120Z0585 Electronic motor protection module, 110-240 V Single pack 1

CH290 & CH485

Single pack 1

Surface sump heaters

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

120Z0 37 7 56W 400V surface sump heater + bottom insulation, CE & UL Multipack 6

Discharge temperature protection

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

7750009 Discharge thermostat kit Multipack 10

7973008 Discharge thermostat kit Industry pack 50

Mounting hardware

Code No Description Application Packaging Pack Size

8156138

7777045

120Z0 495

Mounting kit for scroll compressors. Grommets, sleeves, bolts, washers

Mounting kit for 1 scroll compressors including 4 hexagon rigid spacer, 4 sleeves, 4 bolts, 4 washers

Mounting kit for 1 scroll compressor including 4 triangle rigid spacer, 4 sleeves, 4 bolts, 4 washers

CH290 & CH485 Single pack 1

CH290 & CH485 in parallel

installation

CH290 & CH485 in parallel

installation

Single pack 1

41FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Accessories

Acoustic hoods

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

120Z0 022 Acoustic hood for scroll compressor Single pack 1

120Z0 353 Bottom insulation for scroll compressor Single pack 1

Lubricant

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

7754023 POE lubricant, 1 litre can Single pack 12

120Z0 571 POE lubricant, 2.5 litre can Single pack 4

Miscellaneous

Code n° Description Packaging Pack size

8156 019 Sight glass with gaskets (black & white) Multipack 4

8156129 Gasket for oil sight glass, 1"1/8 (white teﬂon) Multipack 10

7956005 Gasket for oil sight glass, 1"1/8 (white teﬂon) Multipack 50

81540 01 Danfoss Commercial Compressors blue spray paint Single pack 1

Terminal boxes, covers and T-block connectors

Code No Description Application Packaging Pack Size

8173021 T block connector 60 x 75 mm CH290 Multipack 10

8173331 T block connector 80 x 80 mm CH485 Multipack 10

120Z0 458 Terminal box 210 x 190 mm, incl. cover CH290 & CH485 Single pack 1

120Z0 462

Terminal box 210 x 190, incl. cover and module wiring for 258 x 208 and 186 x 198 terminal box replacement

CH290 & CH485 Single pack 1

42 FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Application Guidelines

Updates

Previous Version Current Version

• Page 16: Suggested wiring diagrams logic • Page 16: Updated wiring diagrams

43FRCC.PC.026.A4.02

Danfoss Commercial Compressors

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is a worldwide manufacturer of compressors and condensing units for refrigeration and HVAC applications. With a wide range of high quality and innovative products we help your company to find the best possible energy efficient solution that respects the environment and reduces total life cycle costs.

We have 40 years of experience within the development of hermetic compressors which has brought us amongst the global leaders in our business, and positioned us as distinct variable speed technology specialists. Today we operate from engineering and manufacturing facilities spanning across three continents.

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Danfoss CH290, CH485 Application guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual