Designed specically to measure liquid levels in
a wide range of refrigeration applications
The AKS 4100/4100U liquid level sensor is
designed specically to measure liquid levels in
a wide range of refrigeration applications.
The AKS 4100/4100U liquid level sensor is
based on a proven techhology called Time
Domain Reectometry (TDR) or Guided Micro
Wave.
AKS 4100/4100U liquid level sensor can be
used to measure the liquid level of many
dierent refrigerants in vessels, accumulators,
receivers, standpipes, etc.The electrical output
is a 2-wired, loop powered 4 – 20 mA output
signal, which is proportional to the refrigerant
liquid level.
AKS 4100/4100U in a cable version is suitable
for HCFC, Non ammable HFC and R717
(Ammonia), and diering lengths from 800
mm / 31.5 in. and up to 5000 mm / 197 in.
The coaxial version of AKS 4100/4100U is
designed for use with R744 (CO2), HCFC, Non
ammable HFC and R717 (Ammonia).
The AKS 4100/4100U coaxial version should
always be used for marine applications for all
refrigerant types. The AKS 4100/4100U cable
version should NOT be used for CO2 or marine
applications.
Dust, foam, vapour, agitated surfaces, boiling
surfaces, changes in density or in the dielectric
constant , εr, for the liquid have no inuence on
the AKS 4100/4100U performance.
Oil accumulated in the bottom of a standpipe
will not disturb the liquid level signal and it is
not necessary to remove AKS 4100/4100U for
cleaning after oil has been drained out of the
standpipe.
AI243386442914en-001101
Liquid level sensor, type AKS 4100 and AKS 4100U
Features
• Approved and qualied by Danfoss for refrigeration applications
• One product covering several probe lengths (cable version)
• A single product for all commonly used refrigerants (cable version)
• Cable version requires less top-end clearance for installation and service
• Proven operation with all refrigerants in combination with oil
• No need to clean cable version when fully covered by oil
• The cable version is very compact and easy to handle, ship, install and use with dierent lengths and refrigerants
• Changes of the liquid dielectric constant (εr) do not aect operation
• 5000 mm / 197 in. probe length with cable version
• 2-wire loop powered; no separate transformer needed
• Multi language HMI. Level and setting readout in mm,cm,m (ft, in.)
◦ Language HMI versions:
▪ English (default), German, French, Spanish
▪ English (default),Japanese, Chinese Russian
NOTE:
AKS 4100/4100U can be connected directly to Danfoss EKE 347 liquid level controller and thus be powered from EKE
347.If used together with Danfoss EKC 347 liquid level controller, a 14 – 30 V DC supply is required.
R410A -50 / +15 °C / (-58 / +59 °F)
R134A -40 / +50 °C / (-40 / +122 °F)
The listed refrigerants may be used in the complete temperature range of AKS 4100/4100U, however, the accuracy
may be aected if the above listed temperature range is exceeded.
Other refrigerants within the groups of HCFC and HFC can be detected and measured if the following conditions are
fullled:
Reference conditions
Dielectric constant
Cable version can be used in R717 / NH3, HCFC and HFC (εr, liquid > 5.6 ).
The coaxial version is mandatory for use in:
• R744 / CO2 (εr, liquid > 1.3)
• Marine applications
The coaxial version can also be used in the refrigerants:
• R717 / NH3, HCFC and HFC
New refrigerants
Danfoss products are continually evaluated for use with new refrigerants depending on market requirements.
When a refrigerant is approved for use by Danfoss, it is added to the relevant portfolio, and the R number of the
refrigerant (e.g. R513A) will be added to the technical data of the code number. Therefore, products for specic
refrigerants are best checked at store.danfoss.com/en/, or by contacting your local Danfoss representative.
1
AKS 4100 Coaxial 280mm and AKS 4100U Coaxial 11 in are only released for R717/NH
4 – 20 mA output displayed as bar graph and in percentage [%]
Measurement name (in this example, DISTANCE)
Device tag name
Measurement reading and unit
Device status (markers)
Marker 1, 2 and 3 (Error)
Hardware problem; the Signal Converter hardware is defective. Contact Danfoss
Marker 4 and 5 (Notication)
Depending on the level, the marker is ON or OFF. Used for Danfoss service information only
Keypad buttons
Flashing star indicating unit in operation
Enter menu system Enter QUICK SETUP
Unit change at distance/level readout: m, cm, mm, in, ft
Change between:
Distance
(1)
Level
(2)
Output (%)
(3)
Output (mA)
(4)
Description
Probe types
Values
Options
Cable
Mechanical process connection with 5 m / 197 in., Ø2 mm / 0.08 in. stainless cable:
Mechanical thread on the mechanical process connection
AKS 4100: G1 in. pipe thread. Aluminium gasket included
AKS 4100U: ¾ in. NPT
Coaxial D14
Mechanical process connection with 5 m / 197 in., Ø2 mm / 0.08 in. stainless cable
and 14 mm / 0.55 in. outer stainless tube:
Mechanical thread on the mechanical process connection
AKS 4100: G1 in. pipe thread. Aluminium gasket included
AKS 4100U: ¾ in. NPT
Stainless steel tubes supporting the available probe length
Coaxial D22
Mechanical process connection with in 22 mm / 0.87 in. outer stainless tube.
8 mm / 0.3 in. inner rod.
Mechanical thread on the mechanical process connection
AKS 4100: G1 in. pipe thread. Aluminium gasket included
AKS 4100U: ¾ in. NPT
LCD display
Insertions (probe) length
Coaxial D14
AKS 4100: 500, 800, 1000, 1200, 1500, 1700 and 2200 mm
AKS 4100U: 19.2, 30, 45, 55, 65, 85 in.
Coaxial D22
AKS 4100: 280 mm
AKS 4100U: 11.0 in.
Single cable Ø2 mm / 0.08 in.: 800 – 5000 mm / 31.5-197 in.
Dead zone
This depends on the type of probe. (see pages 7 and 8)
Liquid level sensor, type AKS 4100 and AKS 4100U
(1)
(1)
If the display is set to “DISTANCE” the displayed value will be the distance from the Reference point to the top surface of the liquid refrigerant
If the display is set to “DISTANCE” the displayed value will be the distance from the Reference point to the top surface of the liquid refrigerant
(see Page 11 and Page 12)
(see Page 11 and Page 12)
(2)
(2)
If the display is set to “LEVEL” then the value displayed will be: PROBE LENGTH (entered in QUICK SETUP) – DISTANCE (see Page 11 and Page 12)
If the display is set to “LEVEL” then the value displayed will be: PROBE LENGTH (entered in QUICK SETUP) – DISTANCE (see Page 11 and Page 12)
(3)
(3)
Will represent the level of refrigerant,in percent, scaled (entered in QUICK SETUP) according to: SCALE 4 mA (0%), SCALE 20 mA (100%) (see
Will represent the level of refrigerant,in percent, scaled (entered in QUICK SETUP) according to: SCALE 4 mA (0%), SCALE 20 mA (100%) (see
Page 11 and Page 12).
Page 11 and Page 12).
(4)
(4)
Will represent the level of refrigerant, in 4 – 20 milliampere, scaled (entered in QUICK SETUP) according to: SCALE 4 mA (4 mA), SCALE 20 mA
Will represent the level of refrigerant, in 4 – 20 milliampere, scaled (entered in QUICK SETUP) according to: SCALE 4 mA (4 mA), SCALE 20 mA
(20 mA) (see Page 11 and Page 12).
128 × 64 pixels in 8-step greyscale with 4-button keypad
Interface languages
English (default), German, French, Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, Russian
Description
Values
Ambient temperature
-40 °C / +80 °C (-40 °F / +175 °F)
For HMI: -20 °C / +60 °C (-4 °F / +140 °F)
Storage temperature
-40 °C / +85 °C (-40 °F / +185 °F)
Process connection temperature
Standard: -60 °C / +100 °C (-76 °F / +212 °F)
Operating pressure
Standard: -1 bar to 100 bar / -14.5 psig to 1450 psig
Description
Values
Liquid dielectric constant (εr)
Cable version to be used in R717 / NH3, HCFC and HFC
εr, liquid > 5.6
Coaxial version is mandatory in R744 / CO2
εr, liquid > 1.3
Vibration resistance
EN 60721-3-4 (1 – 9 Hz: 3 mm / 10 – 200 Hz:1g; 10g shock half-wave sinusoidal: 11 ms)
Protection category
IP 66/67 equivalent to NEMA type 4X (housing) and type 6P (probe)
Description
Values
Dimensions and weights
See Dimensions and weights
Description
Values
Housing
Aluminium
Coaxial D14 and D22 version
Standard: Stainless steel (1.4404 / 316L)
Single cable
Standard: Stainless steel (1.4401 / 316)
Process tting
Standard: Stainless steel (1.4404 / 316L)
Gaskets
EPDM (-50 / +150 °C (-58 / +300 °F)
Cable gland
Plastic (black)
Description
Values
Single cable Ø2 mm / 0.08¨
AKS 4100: G1 inch pipe thread. Aluminium gasket included
AKS 4100U: ¾ in. NPT
Coaxial D14 and D22 version
AKS 4100: G1 inch pipe thread. Aluminium gasket included
AKS 4100U: ¾ in. NP
Description
Values
Power supply
Terminals output:
14 – 30 V DC. Min./Max. Value for an output of 22 mA at the terminal.
Ambient temperature limitations: -40 °C / +80 °C (-40 °F / +176 °F) : 16 – 30 V DC
-20 °C / +80 °C (-4 °F / +176 °F) : 14 – 30 V DC
Current output load
RL [Ω] ≤ ((Uext -14 V)/20 mA).
– Default (Error output set to 3.6 mA)
RL [Ω] ≤ ((Uext -14 V)/22 mA).
– (Error output set to 22 mA)
Cable gland
AKS 4100: PG 13, M20×1.5 ; (cable diameter: 6 – 8 mm / 0.24 – 0.31 in.)
AKS 4100U: ½ in. NPT
Cable entry capacity (terminal)
0.5 – 1.5 mm2 (~20-15 AWG)
Description
Values
Output signal
4 – 20 mA or 3.8 – 20.5 mA acc. to NAMUR NE 43
Resolution
±3 μA
Temperature drift
Typically 75 ppm/K
Error signal
High: 22 mA; Low: 3.6 mA acc. to NAMUR NE 43; Hold (frozen value - not available with NAMURNE 43 compliant output
2-wire loop-powered level transmitter; Time Domain Reectometry (TDR )
Application range
Level measurement of liquid refrigerants.
Approved refrigerants:
Halogen Free / Environmently friendly: R717 / NH3, R744 / CO
2
HCFC and non ammable HFC.
Primary measured value
Time between the emitted and received signal
Secondary measured value
Distance or level
Liquid level sensor, type AKS 4100 and AKS 4100U
Minimum power supply voltage
Figure 7: Use this graph to nd the minimum power supply voltage for a given current output load:
NOTE:
Minimum power supply voltage for an output of 22mA at the terminal.
Measuring system
Table 12: Measuring system
Measuring principle (Cable and Coaxial)
The AKS 4100/4100U electronic converter emits low-intensity, high frequency electromagnetic pulses with a width
of approximately 1 nanosecond, which travel at the speed of light along the probe (wire or coaxial cable) down to
the liquid surface.
The pulses are reected by the liquid surface, guided back along the probe, and received and analysed by the AKS
4100/4100U electronic converter and then converted into a liquid level reading. This method is called time domain
reectometry (TDR) or guided microwave.
The dielectric constant, εr, of the liquid is a key parameter and has a direct impact on the degree of reection of the
high frequency electromagnetic pulses. Liquids with high εr values, such as ammonia, produce strong reections,
while liquids with low εr values, such as CO2, produce weak reections.
As long as the εr value of the liquid refrigerant is higher than 1.2, AKS 4100/4100U can detect the liquid level and
level measurement accuracy is not aected.
NOTE:
If the temperature condition in the standpipe /vessel is known, a constant (dielectric constant of the refrigerant gas)
can be entered (parameter 2.5.3 GAS EPS.R), in order to obtain improved Top and Bottom Dead Zone values.
Refer to Page 11 page 10 and Page 12 for Measuring range of AKS 4100/4100U - CABLE version and COAXIAL
version.
For details of gas constant values for dierent temperatures and refrigerants plus the procedure for entering these
via the HMI, refer to Page 23 and Page 24.
AKS 4100/4100U HMI Service/Display unit with rear cover and mounting bracket -
c)
084H4540
084H4590
AKS 4100/4100U HMI Display -
b)
084H4548
084H4598
AKS 4100/4100U Signal Converter + Metaglass with HMI, excluding cable gland -
a)
084H4555
084H4556
AKS 4100/4100U converter connecting cable (5 pcs.)
084H4557
Liquid level sensor, type AKS 4100 and AKS 4100U
Table 34: Coaxial version - D22
HMI display unit
When ordering without HMI please observe:
NOTE: Each AKS 4100/AKS 4100 must always be programmed via the HMI display unit.
The HMI display unit can be ordered separately:
• 084H4540 / 084H4590 AKS 4100/4100U HMI display unit with rear cover and mounting bracket. The mounting
bracket is very useful when the AKS 4100/4100U have to be programmed. The same AKS 4100/4100U HMI display
unit can be used to programme more AKS 4100/4100U and both Cable and Coaxial versions.
• 084H4548 / 084H4598 AKS 4100/4100U HMI display unit (usually spare part).
Forcing mA output (all values below are only examples)
Default screen
•Press
•Press
•Press
Enter password:
AKS4100
DISTANCE
5000mm
AKS4100
2.0.0
SUPERVISOR
AKS4100
2.0.0
__________
AKS4100
2.1.0
INFORMATION
AKS4100
2.2.0
TESTS
AKS4100
2.2.1
SETOUTPUT
AKS4100
SETOUTPUT
3.5mA
AKS4100
SETOUTPUT
8mA
AKS4100
DISTANCE
5000mm
•Press
•Press
•Press
•Pressto decrease thevalue ortoincrease the value.Presstoconfirm.
•Press4 timestoreturnto defaultscreen.
Default screen appears:
Force mAcompleted and disabled
AKS4100
1.0.0
QUICKSTART
QUICKSETUP
Liquid level sensor, type AKS 4100 and AKS 4100U
CABLE and COAXIAL version
Table 44: CABLE and COAXIAL version
Entering refrigerant dielectric gas constant
Optional Procedure
Optional Procedure If the temperature condition in the stand pipe is known, a constant (dielectric constant of the
refrigerant gas) can be entered (parameter 2.5.3 GAS EPS.R), in order to obtain lower Top and Bottom Dead Zone
values (see Measuring range of AKS 4100/4100U - CABLE version and Measuring range of AKS 4100/4100U -
This device fulls the statutory requirements of the EMC directives. The manufacturer certies successful testing of the product by applying the CE mark.
Valid for AKS 4100 - Not valid for AKS 4100U:
Pattern Approval Certicate of Measuring Instruments for the Russian Federation
Valid for AKS 4100 - Not valid for AKS 4100U:
In compliance with EMC regulations in the Russian Federation
EMC
EMC Directives 2004 / 108 / EC and 93 / 68 / EEC in conjunction with
EN 61326-1 (2006) and EN 61326-2-3 (2006). The device conforms to these standards if:
- the device has a coaxial probe or
- the device has a single probe that is installed in a metallic tank
LVD
Low-Voltage Directives 2006 / 95 / EC and 93 / 68 / EEC in conjunction with EN 61010-1 (2001)
NAMUR
NAMUR NE 21 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of Industrial Process and Laboratory Control Equipment
NAMUR NE 43 Standardization of the Signal Level for the Failure Information of Digital Transmitters
Liquid level sensor, type AKS 4100 and AKS 4100U
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The list contains all certicates, declarations, and approvals for this product type. Individual code number may have
some or all of these approvals, and certain local approvals may not appear on the list.
Some approvals may change over time. You can check the most current status at danfoss.com or contact your local
Danfoss representative if you have any questions.
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