Dalsa Spyder2 User Manual

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Page 1

Spyder2

Line Scan CCD Camera

Camera User’s Manual

S2-1x-xxx40-xx-L

21-Aug-18

03-032-10091-06

www.teledynedalsa.com

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N otice

assumed by Teledyne DALSA for its use. Teledyne DA LSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice. Reproduction of this ma nual in whole or in part, b y any means, is prohibite d without prior permission having bee n obtained from Teledyne DALSA.

Microsoft and Win dows are registered trademarks of Mic rosoft Corpo ration in th e United States and other countries. Windows, Windows 7 , Windows 8 are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

All other trademarks or intellectual property mentioned herein belong to their respectiv e ow ners.

About Teledyne DALSA

Tele dyne DALSA is a n international high performance semic o nductor and ele ctronics co mpany that des igns, develops, manufact u res, and markets digital im aging products an d solu t ions, in addition to providing waf er foundry servic es.

Tele dyne DALSA Digital Imaging offers the widest range of mac hine vision compone nts in the world. From industry-leading image sensors through powerful and sophistica te d ca me ras, frame grabbers , vision processors and softw are to easy-to-use vision applia nces an d custom vision m odule s.

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Contents

Introduction to the Spyder2 Line Scan Camera _____________________________________ 5

1.1 Camera Highlights .............................................................................................. 5

1.2 Image Sensors ................................................................................................... 6

1.3 Camera Performance Specifications ................................................................. 6

Camera Hardware Interface ____________________________________________________ 10

2.1 Installation Overview .......................................................................................... 10

2.2 Input / Output Connectors and LED ................................................................... 10

2.3 Timing ................................................................................................................ 15

Software Interface: How to Control the Camera _____________________________________ 18

3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 18

3.2 Command Format .............................................................................................. 19

3.3 Processing Chain ............................................................................................... 19

3.4 Startup ................................................................................................................ 20

3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings ........................................................................... 20

3.6 Setting Baud Rate .............................................................................................. 21

3.7 Setting the Data Mode........................................................................................ 21

3.8 Setting the Video Mode ...................................................................................... 21

3.9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode .............................................................. 22

3.10 Setting a Region of Interest .............................................................................. 24

3.11 Returning Video Information ............................................................................ 24

3.12 Optimizing Offset Performance ........................................................................ 26

3.13 Setting Gains .................................................................................................... 28

3.14 How to Calibrate the Camera ........................................................................... 29

3.15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients ............................................................. 32

3.16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients .......................................................... 33

3.17 Test Patterns and End of Line Sequence ........................................................ 33

3.18 Monitoring the Camera ..................................................................................... 34

3.19 Rebooting the Camera ..................................................................................... 36

3.20 Setting the Pre-trigger ...................................................................................... 36

Optical, Mechanical, and Thermal Considerations ___________________________________ 37

4.1 Mechanical Interface .......................................................................................... 37

CCD Handling Instructions _____________________________________________________ 42

5.1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CCD Sensor .................................................... 42

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5.2 Protecting Against Dust, Oil and Scratches ....................................................... 42

5.3 Cleaning the Sensor Window ............................................................................. 43

Troubleshooting _____________________________________________________________ 44

6.1 Common Solutions ............................................................................................. 44

6.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface ........................................................ 45

6.3 Specific Solutions ............................................................................................... 47

Camera Link™ Reference ______________________________________________________ 49

A1 Camera Link™ Configuration Table ................................................................... 50

Networking Mode, Error Handling and Command List ________________________________ 53

B1 Networking Mode ................................................................................................ 53

B2 Error Handling ..................................................................................................... 55

B3 Camera Parameter Screen ................................................................................. 58

B4 All Available Commands ..................................................................................... 61

EMC Declaration of Conformity __________________________________________________ 67 Revision History _____________________________________________________________ 68 Index ______________________________________________________________________ 69

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Introduction to the Spyder2 Line Scan Camera

1.1 Camera Highlights

Features

• 40 MHz data rate

• Resolutions from 512 to 2k

• High r espons ivit y

• Exposure c ontrol and antiblooming

• Programmable integration time, line ra te, gain, offset, bit depth, tes t pattern , a n d

diagnostics

• Flat-field correction —minimize s sensor F PN and PRNU, lens vigne tting a nd no nunif orm lighting

• Camera Link™ interface

• Sing le 1 2 V to 15 V power supply

• Compa ct design

• 8 or 10-b it o utp ut from 10-b it digitization

• 512, 1024, or 2048 pixels, 14µm x 14µm pixel s ize

• 100% fill factor

• Line ra tes up to 65 kHz

Description

The Spyd er 2 is a small, fast, and cost-effe ctive camera boasting a full fe ature set and a C amera L in k interface. Available in 512 to 2k resolutions, Spyd er 2 is sma ll, light, and use s a sing le voltage po wer supp ly . Cabling and interfac e a r e simplified with th e Camera Link

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Relative position of package Pin 1

Resolution

pixels

512/ 1024/ 2048

Pixel Size

µm

14 x 14

taps)

high-s p eed se rial s tanda rd. The camera is sensitive , but still provide s quiet, uniform outp ut th anks to CDS (correlate d double s ampling) an d embedde d flat-field correction algorithms. G ain and offset are fully programmable and the c amera can output test patte rn s for cable/ system troubleshooting. All res olution s provide ap propriate, rea dilyavailable standard lens options (C-mount, F-mount, and M42x1 photography standards).

All these features combine to make the Spy d er 2 an industry leader in po wer an d affordability.

Applications

The Spyd er 2 is a n idea l choice f or these application s:

• Web inspection (multi-cam and narrow w eb)

• Pick and place

• Document scanning

1.2 Image Sensors

The Spyd er 2 uses the IL-P3 image sensor with 14 µm square pixels and 100% fill factor.

Figure 1. IL-P3 Image Sensor Block Diagram

1.3 Camera Performance Specifications

Feature / Specification

Sensor Features

Output Format (# of

Units Value Notes

Optical Interface Units Notes

Back Focal Distance

Sensor die to

mounting plate

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6.55 ±0.25

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Die S ur face Flatness

µm

100

Camera Thread

M42x1

Camera S ize

50 x 85 x 50

Input Voltage

Volts

+12 to +15

Power Dissipation

< 5

plate.

Data Rate

MHz

40 40

Nominal Gain Range

-10 +10

1.2/ 1.5

6/8

Optical Interface Units Notes

Senso r Alignment

x, y z

Υz Parallelism/ Tilt

Le ns Mount C or F mount

µm mm

° µm

±180

17.52 ± 0.25 (C-Mount)

46.50 ± 0.25 (F-Mount) ± 0.6

<175

Mechanical Interface Units Notes

Mass Kg < 450 g Connectors

data connector

powe r connec tor

MDR26 (female) Hirose 6-pin (male)

Electrical Interface Units Min Nom Max Notes

Operating Temperature

°C 10 50

Measured at the front

Camera Performance Units

Line Rate kHz 1 65 (512)

Data Format 8 bit 10 bit

Dynamic Range DN:DN

Pixel Response NonUniformity ( PRNU)

uncorrected corrected (ECD/ ECE)

Min. Nom. Max. Notes

35 (1024) 18 (2048)

8 or 10 bit user selectable.

330:1 500:1

FPN uncor rected corrected

Random Noise DN rms 0.5

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DN p-p

3.5 1

8 3

0.75

2.2

1.2 4

@-10dB gain @0dB gain @+10dB gain

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Regulatory Compliance

CE and FCC

Camera Performance Units

Cal ibrated DC Offset DN 3

Min. Nom. Max. Notes

@-10dB gain

@0dB gain @+10dB gain

Antiblooming 100x Responsivity DN/ (nJ/

)

13.6±2

42.8±5

136.0±16

@-10dB gain @0dB gain @+10dB gain

Power Up Duration sec 15 SEE nJ/ cm2 5.79

NEE pJ/ cm2 37.3

@530nm, 0dB

Regulatory

Shock and Vibration MIL-ST D -810E

DN = Digital Numbers (0-255); also know n as gr ay l evels.

1. ECD= Exposure control disabled. When operating the camera in exposure mode 2 (see section 3 .9 Setting Line Rate a n d Exposure Mode fo r details), e x p os ure control is disabled un til the

set command is sent. A ll other exposure modes operate with ECE

or exposure control enabled.

Test conditions unless otherwise noted:

• All measurements taken in 8 bit mode

• Data Rate: 40 M Hz

• Line R ate: maximum (FPN a n d PRNU me asured at minimum line ra te), DC-Offset to be characterized over different line rates

• Nominal Gain setting, unle ss spe cified

• Light So urce: Broadband Quartz Haloge n , 3 250K, with 75 0nm cutoff filter installed

• Ambient te st te mperature: 25 °C

• De-ra ting s pecifica tions for tempe rature ra n ge from 0 °C to 50 °C

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Figure 2: Spyder2 Responsivity

Spyder2 Responsivity@10dB

]

)

154

m /c

128

J (n

102

N/ D

[ ty

ivi

e R

76 52 26

14µm pixels

800600400 500 700 900

1000

Wavelength (nm)

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Camera Hardware Interface

2.1 Installation Overview

In o rder to se t up your camera , you sho uld take thes e steps :

1. Connect Camera Link™ cables from camera to frame grabber.

2. Connect pow er.

You mus t also set up the other compo n ents of your system, including light sources, frame grabbers, camera mounts, heat si nks, host computers, optics, encoders, and so on.

2.2 Input / Output Connectors and LED

The camera uses a:

• Diagno stic LED for monito ring the camera. See LED Status Indicato r sec tion below for details.

• High-de n sity 26-pin MDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals, data signals, and se rial communic ation s. Re fer to Figure 4: MDR26 Connector for pin des criptions.

• 6-pin H irose connector for pow er. Refer to page 13 for pin desc riptio n s.

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Blinking GREEN

Progress

Le ng thy operation in progre ss

Figure 3: Camera Inputs / Outputs

WARNING:

It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera.

Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. See section 2.2.3 Power Connector for details.

2.2.1 LED Status Indicator

Table 1: Status LED

LED state Priority Camera Status Condition

Blinking RED 1 Error Fatal hardw are failure Stead y RED 2 Warning Mon it oring t as k f ailure

S teady GREEN 4 OK H ealthy

2.2.2 Camera Link Data Conn e cto r

The Camera Link interface is imple mente d as a Base Config uration in the Sp y der 2 cameras. A Base Configuration uses 1 MDR26 co nnec to r and 1 Channel Link chip. T he main ch aracteristics of the Base Config uration are:

• Ports supported: A, B, C

• Serializer b it width: 28

• Number of chips: 1

• Number of MDR26 connec tors: 1

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MDR26 Female

Mating Part

: 3 M 33 4- 31 series

Cable:

3M 14X26-SZLB-XXX- 0LC

1 1 Inner shie ld

X0-

X1-

X2-

18 9 Xclk+

19 8 X3+

20 7 Ser TC-

21 6 Ser TFG+

CC2+

CC3-

25 2 CC4-

Data Connector

Figure 4: MDR26 Connector

Table 2: Camera Link Base Configuration

Base Configuration One Channel Link Chip + Camera Control +Serial Communication

Camera Connector Right Angle Frame

Grabber

14 14 Inner shield

Channel Link Signal

15 12 X0+

16 11 X1+

17 10 X2+ 5 22 Xclk-

6 21 X3-

7 20 Ser TC+

8 19 Ser TFG-

9 18 CC122 5 CC1+

23 4 CC2-

24 3 CC3+ 12 15 CC4+

13 13 Inner shield 26 26 Inner shield

Unused pa irs should be terminated in 10 0 o h ms at both ends of th e cable.

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CC1

EXSYNC

9, 22

CC3

Spar e

11, 24

Table 3: DALSA Camera Control Configuration

Signal Configuration Pin

CC2 PRIN 10, 23

CC4 Spar e 12, 25

Se e Appendix B for the comple te DALSA Came ra Link config uration table , a n d refer to the DALSA Web site, mv.dalsa.c om, for the official Camera Link documents.

Digital Data

The camera digitizes internally to 10 bits an d outputs eith er all 10 bits or the most significan t 8 bits in LVDS format on th e Came ra Link connector.

Note: Due to flat-field cor rec t ion calc u lation s, ce rt ain digit al numb ers will be unavailable

whe n outputting 10 bits with flat-field cor rec t ion enabled ( i.e. y ou will e xperience missing codes).

Data Clocking Si gnals

Th ese s ig n als indicate when data is valid, allowing yo u to clock th e data from th e camera to your acquisition sys tem. Thes e signa ls are part of th e Came ra Link config uration and you should refer to th e DALSA Came ra Link Impleme n tation Road Map , a vailable at mv.dalsa.com for the s tandard loca tion of these s ig n als:

Clocking Signal Indicates

LVAL (high) Outputting valid line DVAL (high) Valid data STROBE (rising edge) Valid data

IMPORTANT: This camera’s data should be samp led on th e rising edge of STROBE.

S ee Appendix A for the complete Camera Link timing, DA LS A Camera Link configuration table, and refer to the DALSA Web site, mv.dalsa.com, fo r the official Camera Link document.

Input Signals

The camera accepts control inputs through the C amera Link MDR 26 F co nnec to r. All inputs

are optional. The camera ships in exposure mode 2 (programmable line rate and exposure time). All Camera Control (CCx) signals are in a logic HIGH state.

internally using the serial interface. Po wer-on rate is always 9600 baud. Data rate is alw ays 40 MHz. T he e x ternal control signals, E X SYNC and PR IN, a re optional a nd enabled through the serial interface.

Line rate can be set

PRIN

PRIN is an optio n al input signal used for e xposure control (PRIN).

PRIN Indicates

High Integration

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Hirose 6-pin Circular Male

Mat ing Par t : HIRO SE

HR10A-7P-6S

+12V to +15V

GND

Low Pixel reset

EXSYNC (Triggers Line Readout)

EXSYNC is an optional input signal that can b e us ed to trig ger th e line re ado ut rate. T h is camera uses the

falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout.

Note: EXSYNC should no t be clocked fa ster th an the camera’s s pecified maximum line

rate. The camera ignores the EXSYN C pulse until it has completed reading the last line out.

2.2.3 Power Connector

Pin Description Pin Description

1 +12V to +15V 4 GND

3 +12V to +15V 6 GND

The camera requires a single voltage input (+12 V to +15 V). The camera meets all performance spe cification s us ing s tandard switch ing powe r supplies, althoug h wellregulated linear supplies provide optimum performance. See the Performance Spe cific ation s for current requiremen ts.

When setting up the camera’s pow er supplies follow these guidelines:

• Protec t th e camera with a fa st-blow fuse between pow er supply and camera.

• Do n ot use th e s h ield on a multi-conductor cable for groun d.

• Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop.

Note: Performanc e s pecifica tio n s are not g uaranteed if your powe r supply does n ot me et

these requi rements

WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between power supply and camera.

Visit the www.mv.dalsa.com Web site for a list of companies tha t make power s upp lies that meet the camera’s requirements. The companies listed should n ot be c onsidered the only choices.

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2.3 Timing

Figure 5. Spyder2 Overview Timing Showing Input and Output Relationships

Figure 6. Spyder2 Fixed (Programmed) Integration Timing with External EXSYNC

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guarantee the photosites are reset.

necessary to guarantee proper operation.

chang e the time to the f irst valid pixel. If

electronics

EXSYNC fa lling edge to avoid losing the photosite reset

Table 4: Spyder2 Timing (Fixed Integration Mode)

Symbol Definition Min (ns) Typ

(ns)

tw SYN C T he minimum low width of the EXSYNC

pulse whe n no t in SMART EXSYNC mode.

tw SYN C

* The minimum low width of the EXSYNC

(SM A RT)

pulse w hen in SMART EXSYNC modes to

100

2,000

Max (ns)

twSYNC_INT The minimum width of the high puls e

when the “ SMART EXSYNC” feature is turned off

twSYNC_INT

(SM A RT)

Is the integration time whe n the “SMART EXSYN C” feature is available and turned on. Note tha t th e minimum time is

tLINE PERIOD (t LP)

The minimum a n d maximum line times made up of tTransfer, tREADOUT pl us tOVERHE AD to mee t specific ations.

tTransfer The time from the reception of the falling

edge of EXSYNC to the rising edge of LVAL w hen pr etrigger is set to zero. Pretrigger r educes the number of clocks to the rising edge of LVAL but doesn’t

the fixed integration time mode of operation i s available and selected then the integra tio n time is adde d to th e specified value.

tw Fixed Int. Fixed Integration Time mode of operation

for variabl e exsync fr equency.

tREADOUT Is the number of pixels per tap ti mes the

readout clock period. Pre t rigger = 0.

tOVERHEAD Is the number of pixel s tha t must ela pse

after the falling edge of LVAL before the EXSYNC si gnal can be asser ted. Thi s time is used to clam p t he internal a nalog

100

2,000

54, 054 (2K) 28, 248 (1K) 15, 313 (512)

1,420 +/ -50

800 t

51,200 (2K) 25,600 (1K)

12,800 (512)

540+/ -50

106

–

2,000

thPR A pplies w hen the PRIN exposure control

tw PR_LOW Mini mum Low time to assure complete

tPR_SET The nominal time that the photo sites are

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0 feature is enabl ed . The PRIN signal must be held a minimum time after the

integrated charge

2,000 +/ - 200

2,000+/ -200 integ rating. Clock s ynchronization will lead to integratio n time jitt er, which is shown in the specification as + / - values. The user should command times greater than these to ensure proper charge

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blooming in the Horizontal Shift Register.

Symbol Definition Min (ns) Typ

(ns)

tra nsfer from the photo site s. F ailure to meet this requirement may result in

*SMA RT EXSYNC refers to exposure mode 4. Refer to section 3. 9 Se tting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for furth er info rmation on exposure modes.

Max (ns)

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Software Interface: How to Control the Camera

3.1 Overview

All camera features can be controlled through the serial interface. The camera can also be used without the serial interfa ce afte r it has been se t up co rrectly. Functions available

This chapter details the most commonly used commands. See Appendix B for the complete command list, error handling, and networking instructions.

include:

• Co ntrolling basic camera func tions s uch as gain and sync signal source

• Pe rforming flat field correc tio n

• Camera calibration

• Measuring internal te mperature and voltages

• Capturing v ideo

• Generating a tes t pattern for debugging

Online Help

For quick help, the camera can return all available commands and parameters through the serial interface. To generate this list, send the command

Retrieving Camera Settin gs

To re ad curren t came ra setting s, send the c omman d gcp. For an explanation of the camera parameter screen, see section B3 Camera Parameter Screen on page 58.

h to th e camera.

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Digit al Processing

3.2 Command Format

The serial interface uses a simple AS CII-bas ed protocol.

• A carriage return (CR) ends each command.

• Values in square brackets are optional.

• There are two methods for entering the commands: In long form each command is

written in its en tirety. In short fo rm, only a prede fined abbreviation is re quired. The manua l uses the sh ort form.

• Th e c amera will ans wer each c ommand with either "OK >" or " Erro r x : Error Mes sa ge >". The ">" is always the last character sent by the camera.

• The follow ing parameters are used in the manual:

i = i nteger f = float s = string t = tap x1, x2 = pix el sta rt and stop values

3.3 Processing Chain

T h e following figure is a simplified b loc k d iagram o f the c amera's proce ssing c hain. The a nalog proc essing chain c onta ins two elements–a gain stage and an offset stage. The digital proc essing chain c onta ins the FPN co rre ction, PRNU correction, bac kground subtrac t, a n d a system ga in stage. The s oftwa re comman ds allow you to set and change all the ele m ents o f t h e pro ce ssing chain. This enables maximu m p r oce ssing f lexib ility depending on your requirements.

Figure 7: Camera Processing Chain

In addition , the two elements of the ana log processing chain, analog g ain and a nalog offse t, c an b e adj uste d to s epa rate values in the c alibrate d and unc alibrate d mode s. For example, the analog gai n value can be set to –5db in calibrated mode a n d 6dB in unca lib rated mode. When switc h ing betwee n calibrated an d un calibrated modes, the camera automatically uses th e corresponding value.

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3.4 Startup

When the camera is first s tarted, it must perform several actio n s before it is ready for ima ging. This s tartup routine takes approximately 15 seconds, and follow s this sequence:

1. Initializes the camera and all internal hardware.

2. Loads th e last setting s s aved to non-volatile me mory, including th e las t set of video correction c oe fficients, if previously s aved.

3. Restores user setting s if previously s aved, o th erwise factory settin gs .

4. Performs a memory tes t and vo ltage test an d repo rts an error if any occurred.

Afte r this startup sequence is complete, the ca mera will return e ith er the promp t " OK>" if no e rror occurre d, or an error code if a problem has been discovered.

3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings

Th e camera p rovides a numb er of commands for res toring, storing, an d saving se ttings .

• To re store the original fa ctory se ttings , use the co mma nd

coefficients are reset to 0.

• To s ave all curre n t se ttings to EERO M, use th e comman d

automatically re store the s aved us er settings when po were d up.

• To s ave all curre n t p ixel coefficients to E EROM, use the c ommand

• To re store the last saved us er settings a n d th e FPN an d PRNU coe fficients, use the

command

Figure 8: Saving and Restoring Settings

rus.

rfs. The FPN and PRN U

wus. The camera will

wpc.

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57600

115200

gcp

2 Test pattern right

gcp

3.6 Setting Baud Rate

To set the speed of the camera serial communication port, use the command:

Syntax :

sbr i

Syntax Elements:

Notes:

Example:

Baud rate. A vailable baud rates are: 9600 (Default), 19200,

, and

• Power-on rate is always 9600 baud.

• The rc (reset camera) command wil l not reset the camera to

the pow er-on baud rate.

sbr 57600

3.7 Setting the Data Mode

To select the camera output mode, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Notes: Example:

sdm i i

8-bit, using port A for single processor configuration

1 10-bit, using ports A and B for single proce ssor configuration

• To obtain the curren t data mode , use th e comman d

sdm 0

3.8 Setting the Video Mode

The video mode sets whe th er the came ra is running in calibrated or uncalibrated mode, or if it is genera ting a tes t p attern.

To set the video mode, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Notes: Example

svm i i

0 Uncali brated video, deactivated video correction 1 Ca librated video, act iv ated video co rrec t ion

• To obtain the curren t video mode , use th e command

svm 1

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command is sent

3.9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode

The camera’s line ra te (sync hronization) is ge nerated internally or input from a frame grabb er/ ho st s ystem. With six diffe rent expos ure mode s ettings, the Sp y der 2 delivers many p ossibilities f or flexible ca mera timing. Table 5 outlines each of these six exposure modes , a n d is followe d by a full explana tion on h ow to set th e camera’s frame rate and exposure time.

Table 5: Spyder2 Exposure Modes

Programmable Line Rate Programmable Exposure Time

Mode SYNC PRIN Description

Internal Internal No No Maxi mum line r ate and exposure time

(factory setting)

Internal Internal Yes Yes Exposure c ontrol OFF until a s et

• To obtain the curren t value of the expo sure mode, use th e comman d

• When setting the camera to e x ternal s igna l modes, EXSYNC and/ or PRIN must be

External Internal No No Max imum exposure time External Internal No No Sm ar t EXSYN C External Exter nal No No External line rate and external pixel

reset

External Internal No Yes Fixed integratio n time

gcp.

supplied.

Overview: Setting Line Rate and Exposure Time

The camera’s line ra te (sync hronization) can b e gene rate d inte rnally through software commands or input externally from a frame grabber/ hos t system. To se lect how you want the camera’s line rate to be generated:

1. You mus t first set the came ra mode us ing the

Exposure Mode on the following page for deta ils.

2. Then, when applic able, use the commands

and/ or Se tting Ex p os ure Time below for deta ils.

set ( mode 2 o r 6), to set the e x p os ure time. Refer to Setting Line R ate and

sem command. Refe r to Setting the

ssf (mode 2 only) to set the l ine rate

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To obtain the curren t value of the expo sure mode, use th e

gcp

camera’s maximum line rate.

To re ad the current line rate frequency, use the comma n d

If you enter an invalid line ra te freque n cy, th e valid ra n ge

If you enter an invalid expos ure time, the valid ra n ge of

Setting the Exposure Mode

To select an exposure mode, use the command:

Syntax :

sem i

Camera must be operating in exposure mode 2.

Syntax Elements: Exposur e mode to use. Factory setting is 1. Refer to Table 5

Notes:

Related Commands: Example:

on page 22 for a list of available modes.

• command

ssf, set sem 3

Setting Line Rate

To set the line rate, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Notes:

Related Commands:

ssf i i

Desired line rate in Hz. Allowable range is 1000H z to the

•

gcp.

• o f values will b e displayed.

sem, set

Camera must be operating in exposure mode 2 or

Example:

ssf 3000

Setting Exposure Ti me

To set the camera exposure time, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Notes:

Related Commands: Example:

set f f

Floating point number in µsecs. For all owable r ange, see the camer a help screen (

• To read the current expos ure time, use the comma n d gcp.

•

values will be displayed.

sem, ssf set 2100

command).

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Mus t b e an odd number a nd less than the pixel end number.

cag, cao, gl, gla, ccf, ccp

Op t ional parameter. This se ts t he end pix el to display on scre en. Allowable rang e is (x1 + 1) t o se ns or pixel count . Th is

generated at the end of the line output.

roi

3.10 Setting a Region of Interest

The roi command sets the pixel range used to collect th e en d of line sta tistic and s ets th e region of pixels used in the

To define a region of interest, use the command:

Syntax:

cag, cao, gl, gla, ccf, and ccp commands.

roi x1 x2

Syntax Elements:

Pi xel end number in a range from (x1 + 1) to sensor pixel

Related Commands Example:

Pixel start number in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count.

roi 10 50

count. M ust be an even number and greater than the pixel start numb er.

3.11 Returning Video Information

T h e c amera ’ s microco ntroller has the ability to read video data . This functionality can be used to verify camera opera tion a n d to perform basic tes ting without having to connec t the camera to a fra me grabber. This info rmation is also use d for collec ting line statistics for calibrating the camera.

Returning a Sin g le Line of Video

The gl command returns a complete line o f video ( witho ut dig ital proces sing or tes t patte rn ) disp laying one p ixel value a fter another. It also dis p lays the minimum, maximum, and mea n value of the line s ampled. If a region of interest has been set, the sta tistics are genera ted for the region of inte res t only. Use this comman d, or the following

gla command, to ensure the proper video input range into the processing chain before

execu ting any p ixe l ca libration commands.

To return a single line of video, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements: Optional pa rame ter. T h is s ets the start pixel to display on

Notes:

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gl [x1] [x2] [x1]

scre en. Allowable rang e is 1 to se ns or pixel count. This parameter does not affect the M in, Max, and Mean statistics generated at the end of the l ine output.

[x2]

• If you do not spec ify a pixel ra n ge to dis play, th e line

• If a region of interest has been set using the

parameter does not affect the M in, Max, and Mean statistics

o u tput will display all senso r pixels on sc r een.

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command, th e Min, Ma x , a n d Mea n statistics at the end of

tput include statistic s for the region of inte res t

gcp

scre en. Allowable rang e is 1 to se ns or pixel count. This value at the end of the line output.

Op t ional parameter. This se ts t he end pix el to display on scre en. Allowable rang e is (x1 + 1) t o se ns or pixel count . Th is

command, th e Min, Ma x , a n d Mea n statistics at the end of

sta tistics for the re gion of inte res t

the line ou only.

• Values returned are in DN.

Example:

gl 10 20

Returning Multiple Lines of Vi d eo

You can also return the a verage for multiple lines of vide o da ta. The number of lines to sa mp le is s et an d adjusted by the Mean statis tics. If yo u are us in g a region of interest, the camera displays th e statistics for the region of interest only.

To set the number of lines to sample, use the command:

Syntax :

css i

css command. The camera displays the Min., Max., and

Syntax Elements:

Notes: Example:

Numb er of line s to sa m p le. Allo wable va lue s a re 16, 32, or

(fac tory setting).

• To re turn th e current setting, us e the

css 32

To return the average of multiple lines of video, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Notes:

gla [x1] [x2] [x1]

Optional pa rame ter. T his sets the s tart pixel to display o n does not affect the Min, M ax, and Mean statistics generated

[x2]

value does not affect the M in, Max, and Mean statistics generated at the end of the l ine output.

• If you do not spec ify a pixel ra n ge to dis play, th e line o u tput will display all senso r pixels on sc r een.

• If a region of interest has been set using the roi

command.

Example:

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the line output include only.

• Values returned are in DN.

gl 10 20

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1023

r va lues. A value of

Th e resulting analog offs et value depe n ds on o th er camera

Th e offset for calibrated a n d un calibrated video is se t and

511

ssg

3.12 Optimizing Offset Performance

Optimiz ing offset pe rforman ce in the a n alog domain a llo ws you to achie ve a b ette r signal-to-noise ratio (dyna mic ra n ge ) tha n you would ac h ieve by trying to optimize the offse t in th e digital domain.

Setting Analog Off set

To set the analog offset of the camera, use the command:

Syntax :

sao t i

Syntax Elements: Tap select ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for all

Notes:

Example:

taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable.

Analog offse t va lu e. Allo wable ra nge is 0 to

• The offset incre ases line arly with highe 100 does not equal an offset of 100DN.

• parameters such as temperature, line rate, and gain.

• saved separately.

sao 0 200

Subtracting Offset or Background

To subtract the video scene offset or any other background from the output video signal, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

ssb t i t

Tap select ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for a ll

Notes:

Example:

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taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable.

S ubtracted value in a range from 0 to

• When subtrac ting a digital value from the digital video signa l the output can no longer reach its maximum. Use

ssg command to correct for this. See s ectio n 3.13

the Setting Gains

ssb 0 20

fo r details on th e

command.

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are interchangeable.

511

signal, the output ca n n o long er rea ch its ma x imum. Us e

svm 1

are interchangeable.

informa tion on line averages.

svm 0

Subtracting Offset in Calibrated Mode

You can subtract the A/ D o ffset from the video signal prior to PRNU correction.

To subtract the A/D, use the command:

Syntax :

sdo t i

Syntax Elements:

Notes:

Tap se lec t ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for a ll taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0

Subtracted offset value in a range from 0 to

• When subtrac ting a digital value from the digital video the ssg command to correct for this. See s ection 3.13

Setting Gains for details on th e ssg command.

• Ava ilable in calibrated mod e on ly (

Example:

sdo 0 100

Calibrating Offset

To calibrate the analog offset, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

cao t i t

Tap se lec t ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for a ll taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0

The line average in a range dependent on the current camera

Notes: Example:

da ta mode setting. 8 bit: 1 to 100DN 10 bit: 4 to 400DN See secti on 3.11 Returning Video Information

for more

• Th is command se ts offset in uncalibrated mode (

cao 0 100

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10dB.

511

ssb

are interchangeable.

3.13 Setting Gains

Op t im izing ga in in the a na log domain allows yo u t o ac h ieve a better sign al-to-noise ratio (dyn amic rang e) than you would ac h ieve by trying to optimize the gain in the digital domain.

To set the analog gain mode, use the command:

Syntax :

sg t f

Syntax Elements: Tap select ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for all

Example:

taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable.

G ain setting. A gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain (0dB). The allowable gain value range is from –10 to

sg 0 5.2

To set the digital gain, following a background subtraction, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Related Commands:

ssg t i t

Tap se lec t ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for a ll taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0 are interchangeable.

Gain setting. T he gain rang es are 0 to from 1 to 1.999). Use this command in co nj unction with the

command.

ssb

(equal to a gain

Example:

Calibrating Gains

Instead of settin g the analog gain to a specific value, you can have th e ca mera de termine the gain value by providing the camera with an average output le vel to use.

Note: T h is function re quires a con sta n t ligh t inp ut while it exec utes. This feature is

beneficial for achieving a commo n output level for mu lt ip le c amera s in a system.

To calibrate the analog gain:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

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ssg 1 15

cag t i

Tap se lec t ion. Allo wable va lu es are 1 for one tap or 0 for a ll taps. Since the Spy d er 2 is a one tap camera, the values 1 or 0

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PRNU correction c oe fficie n t for this pixe l

Notes:

Line average in a range dependent on the current camera da ta mode setting:

8-bit: 64 to 251 DN 10 bit: 256 to 1007 DN See secti on 3.11 Returning Video Information for more

informa tion on line averages.

• Th is function requires c onstan t lig h t inp ut while executing.

• This command se ts gain in uncalibrated mode.

Related Commands: Example:

gla, gl cag 1 156

3.14 How to Calibrate the Camera

Calibration Overview

T h is cam era has the ability t o calibrate itself in o r der to remove no n -uniformity in the image. This video correction operates on a pixel-by-pixel basi s and implements a two point corr ec t ion for ea ch pixel. This correc t ion can reduce or eliminate image distort ion cause d by the following factors:

• Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN)

• Photo Response Non Uniformity (PRNU)

• Le ns a nd light so urc e non-uniformity

Th e two po int correction is implemented s uch that for each pixel:

= (V

output

where V V PRNU( p ixel) =

- FPN( pixel ) - digital offset) * PR NU(p ixel)

input

= digita l output pixel va lue

output

= digital input pixel value from th e CCD

input

FPN( pixel ) = FP N correc tio n coefficient fo r th is pixel

Th e calibration algo rithm is performed in two ste p s. T h e fixed offset (FPN) is de termined first by perfo rm in g a calibration witho u t any lig ht. This ca libration determines exactly ho w much offset to subtract pe r pix el in order to obtain fla t output when the CCD is not exposed.

Th e white ligh t calibration is performed next to determine the multiplication fa ctors required to bring e ach pixel to the required value (balan ce ta rget) for flat, white output. Video outp ut is set s ligh tly above th e brightest pixel (depending o n offset subtracted).

For FPN (dark light) th e value of all pixels must be betwee n 1DN an d 127D N. For PRNU (white light) the value must be betw een 128DN and 254DN. Use the ensure th e proper input to th e digital proces sing, V

input

gl command to

White light c alibratio n will gain up to maximum white ligh t pixel plus th e ma ximum FPN subtract p ixel.

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When performing any c amera ca libration , random nois e is minimize d by ave r aging out up to 64 lines of valid data. To adjust the s ample line size, use the where

i is 16, 32, 64 (factory setting). A lower value reduces the camera’s calibration time,

at the expense of increased coefficient error.

css i command,

Calibration time Typical

512 6 sec. 1024 10 sec. 2048 19 sec. LED blinks green while calibrating .

Default User Cali b ration Coeffici ents

In order to minimi ze the pixel PR NU when used in calibrate d mode , a generic flat-field calibration is performed on each camera at the factory. The ca libration coefficients a r e then saved as user settings in the camera and are available for future use.

Factory flat-fie ld calibration is performed at gain setting 5 in c alibrate d mode . At the completion of the factory calibration and camera testing , the PRNU and FPN

coefficients are writte n to the camera , the calibrate d mode gain is set to 0, and the video mode is set to uncalib rated. These settings are saved as user settings.

WARNING: Performing a calibration and writing the FPN and PRNU pixe l coe fficients to the camera will overwrite the factory generated calibration coef f icients.

In o rder to use th e factory g enerated flat-field c oefficients o p t im ally, it will b e neces sary to p ut th e camera into c alibrate d mode and then c h ang e the gain setting to 5. This ac tion wil l cause the follow ing message to be generated by the camera:

INFO: Changing analog settings of calibration mo de voids pixel c alibration

This is an automati c message that is generated by the camera w henever a change is made to an analog setting while the camera is in calibrated mode. The pixel coefficients are not chang ed in any manner a nd the calibratio n will be applied no r mally.

Th e pixel c oefficients a re applie d when in calib rated mode at an y settin g of gain and the res ult is improved PRNU and FPN performa nce when compa red to using the ca mera in an uncalib rated mode.

From the factory, the op timum ca lib rated performanc e is a chieve d with a gain s etting of

5. Th e user may change the calib rated gain settin g to any va lue and then sa ve as user

settings. If the camera is to be used at a g ain setting o th er than 5, then it i s recommended that a calibration be performed once the desired camera settings have been determined.

Calibration Steps Overview

1. Change the camera’s video mode to calib rated setting, using the command svm 1.

2. Set up the camera operating environment (i.e. line rate, exposure, gain, etc.).

3. M ake sure that there are suitable calibration targets. The target to calibrate should be a fla t field, e.g . uniform plastic or ce ramic f or white ca libration .

4. Set the c alibration sample size, using the co mmand Lines of Video page 25).

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css (see Returning Multiple

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. The c ame ra will respon d with O K > if n o error o ccurs. Dark

before calculating

bit data mode for the specified region of inte rest. If value is le ft blank, current offset

5. Perform Dark ( FPN) calibration (se e Dark Calibration on page 31).

6. Perform White (PRN U) calibration (see White Ligh t Calibration on page 31).

7. Sav e the se ttings and pixel coefficients, using the commands

Note: It is importan t th at you run th e FPN calibration first. Res ults o f th e FPN calib ration are used in the PRN U procedure. Also, w e re commend that you repeat th is calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 °C occurs.

wus and wpc.

Dark Calibration

Dark calibration is use d to re move th e fixed ana log offse t from the video path. It is recommended that you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10 °C occurs.

To perform dark calibration:

1. Stop all light f rom entering t he cam era. (Tip: cover lens with a le n s ca p .)

2. Verify that output signal level is within range by issuing the command gl or

gla (a valid range is 1-1 27 ). If t h e sign al le vel is too low, adjust the analog offs et

sao). If the signa l level is to o high, ensure that no light is ente ring the ca mera ,

( reduce the analog offset or reduce the gain level (

3. Iss ue the co mmand ccf calibration automatic ally c alibrate s FPN coe fficients and digita l offs et.

To perform a dark calibration with an analog offset value:

sg).

Note: If your illumination or white reference does not extend the full field of view of the camera, calibration will not be successful. The camera will send a

Use the ccf [i] command, w here i is the analog offset DN. When the optional paramete r is provided, th is comman d sets the an alog offset first to the FPN c oe fficients ran ge from 1 to 100 DN for 8-bit data mode, and 4 to 400 DN for 10values are used.

4. After th e calibration is complete, you can save these settings, and the PRNU coefficients , to non-volatile memory so they w ill be remembered after pow er-down. To do so, issue the comman d

wpc.

White Light Calibration

Whit e light calibration is mo re c omplex t han dark c alibratio n because t he ca mera atte mpts to cre ate a flat white image. Th is calibration correc ts PRNU e ffects as well as non-unifo rm ligh ting an d lens vignetting affects.

Whit e light calibration requires a clean, w hite reference. The quality of this reference is important fo r proper calibration. White p aper is ofte n n ot sufficient because th e gra in in the white paper will distort t he correct ion. White pla stic or white c eramic will lead to better balancing.

Th ere a re several res trictions that must be me t in orde r for the calibration to succee d:

1. The camera is sufficiently se n sitive to dete ct 60 Hz ambient ligh t flicke r which ma y affe ct camera performanc e and calibration results.

2. The ligh t level must be set so that all pixels are betw een 64DN and 254DN, otherwise a warnin g will be se n t statin g tha t th e camera could n ot calibrate all pixels to the same

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254). If sign al le vel is too lo w o r too high , a djus t th e gain using th e

c ommand. When the o ptional paramete r is provide d the analog g ain

before calculating the PRNU coefficients

lev el. Use the gl command to determine inp ut level. If t he sign al le vel is too low o r too high, adjus t analog g ain us ing the co mmand

3. The va riance in lig h t intensity acros s the target mus t n ot be more than 4 to 1. Because the maximum per-pixel digita l gain is 2x, t he ca mera will not be able to co m p ensate for extremely non-uniform light.

These restrict ions are all tes t ed within the ca libration algo r ithm a nd the camera will report an info rmal message co de if any of these conditions could no t be met.

sg.

To perform a white light calibration:

1. Place a white reference in front of the camera.

2. Verify tha t output sig n al le vel is within r ange by iss u ing the c ommand gl or gla (valid range is 128command sg.

3. Instruc t th e camera to pe rform a white light ca libration using th e comman d ccp. The came ra will respon d with O K> if no error o ccurs.

To perform a white light calibration with an analog gain value:

Use the ccp [i] is adjus ted to produce an ave rage white p ixel level that is e quivalent to the parameter. Th is command se ts the an alog gain first to range from 64 to 251DN for 8-bit data mode, and 256 to 1007DN for 10-b it data mode. If va lue is left blan k, current gain values a re us ed.

4. After the c alibration is complete , you ca n sa ve these se ttings to non-volatile memory so they will be remembered after pow er-down. To do so, issue the command

Returning Calibration Results and Errors

Afte r calibration, you ca n retrieve the re sults using th e command dpc. This func tion returns all the pixel coefficients in the order FPN , PRN U, FPN, PRN U… The camera also returns the pixe l n umb er with e ach co efficient.

To s et a rang e for the returne d coefficien ts provide an optional pixel s tart and end value:

Example: display pixel coefficient from pixel 10 to 20

dpc 10 20

The co mmand gcp returns a ll o th er setting s.

3.15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients

You can set or read an individual pixel’s FPN coe fficie n t.

To set the FPN coefficient, use the command:

Syntax :

sfc i i

wpc.

Syntax Elements:

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The pi xel number from 1 to the pixel c ount.

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511

Example:

Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 127.

sfc 10 50

To read the FPN coefficient, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Example:

gfc i i

The pi xel number to read.

gfc 10

3.16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coe ffic ients

You can set or read an individual pixel’s PRNU coe fficie n t.

To set the PRNU coefficient, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

spc i i i

Example:

The pi xel number from 1 to the pixel c ount.

Coefficient value in a range from 0 to

spc 10 50

To read the PRNU coefficient, use the command:

Syntax : Syntax Elements:

Example:

gpc i i

The pi xel number to read.

gpc 10

3.17 Test Patterns and End of Line Sequence

End-of-line Sequenc e

T o alle viate post-processing, Spyd er 2 offers an end-of-line sequence that provides basic calcu lation s including "line counter", "line average", "pixels above threshold", "pixels below threshold", and "derivative li ne sum". These basic calculations are the center of most automa tic gain contro l ( AG C) algorithms.

To acti vate the end-of-line sequence, use the command sequence, use the command

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els 1. To disable the end-of-line

els 0.

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M SB

Pixels below thres hold LSB

Blinking RED

Error

Fatal hardw are failure

Use the sut and slt commands to set thres h old values between 0 an d 255 for 8 -bit data modes, or 0 to 1023 for 10-b it data modes.

To further aid in debug ging and cable/ data path inte grity, th e first s ix bits of the output of the end-of-line sequence are "aa", "55", "aa". Refer to the table below .

Location Value Description

1 A’s By ensuring these values consistently toggle 2 5’s 3 A’s 4 4 bit counter LSB justified Counter increments by 1. Use this val ue to

5 Line s u m LSB Use these values to help cal culate line 6 Li ne sum MID 7 L i n e sum M SB 8 0 9 Pixel s above threshold LS B Monitor these values (either above or bel ow 10 Pixel s above threshold

betw een "aa" and "55", you can verify cabling (i .e. no stuck bits)

verify that every li ne is output

average

threshold) and adjust camera gain to keep these values relatively constant. This provides a basis for automatic ga in control (AGC)

12 Pixels below thres hold

M SB

13 Deriva t iv e line sum LSB Use these values to focus the camera. 14 Deriva t iv e line sum Mid 15 Deriva t iv e line sum MSB 16 0

Test Pattern

The camera can gen erate a te st pa ttern to aid in system debugg in g. Use the comman d

svm 2 to activate th e test pa ttern. The tes t pattern is a ramp from 0 to 2 55DN, which then

sta rts at 0 again. Use th e test pa ttern to verify the p rope r timing and conn ections between the camera and the frame grabber.

3.18 Monitoring the Camera

Th e camera is equippe d with a re d/ gree n LED used to displa y the operation al sta tus of the camera. T h e following table summariz es th e o perating s tates of the camera and the corresponding LED states:

LED state Priority Camera Status Condition

Generally, the greater the sum the greater the image contrast

Stead y RED 2 Warning Mon it oring t as k f ailure

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S teady GREEN

Healthy

Enable/ disable a ll m onitoring t as k s

1 1 Voltage Monitoring

Monitors all camera voltages

3 4 External SYNC presence

Monitors presence of external S YNC

4 8 External PRIN presence

Monitors presence of external PRIN

Line Rate Bell ow 1 Khz

Monit ors cu rrent line rat e

Disable sel ected task

Enable selected task

Blinking GREEN 3 Progress Le ng thy operation in progre ss

Note: When mo re than one c o ndition is active, the LED indicates the condition with the hig h es t p riority. Error and warning sta tes are acc ompanied by corres ponding me ss ages further des cribing th e current ca mera s tatus.

Monitoring Tasks

The camera enters a warning sta te when any of camera's continuously running mon itoring tas ks detects a failure . Use th e is the monito ring task an d th e second parameter is the enable or disable value, to display the sta tus of all the define d monitory tasks (if no parameter is pa ss ed) and/ o r to enable/ disa ble spec if ic mon itoring tas k s.

Note: If yo u are performing defect dete ction down to a single pixel, enabling monitoring tas ks is not advisable be caus e monitoring can occ ur during active video a n d could po tentially pro vide erron eous da ta.

T h e following table lists the monitoring tasks:

wed i i command, where the first parameter

Monitoring

Code MONITORING TASK DESCRIPTION

task number

0 All

2 2 Temperature M onitoring Monitors camera tem p era t u re

5 16 Ga in Out Of Spec

Monitoring

Monitors current setting of analog gain

Value Function

Note: by default all mo n ito ring tasks are e n abled ex cept voltage monitoring .

Example: enable all monitoring tasks

wed 0 1

Example: disable EXSYNC presence

wed 3 0

Temperature Measurement

The temperature of the camera can be determined by using the vt command. T his command will return the temperature inside the cover in degrees Celsius. For proper op eration, this value should not e x ceed 75 °C.

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Voltage Measurement

The co mmand vv checks the camera’s input vo ltage an d internal voltages during powe rup. If they are within the proper range, the camera returns OK>. Otherwise the camera returns an error message. Note that the voltage measurement feature of the camera provides only approx imate re sults (typically within 10%). They should not be use d to s et the applied voltage to the camera. The purpose of this test is to isolate gross problems with the supply voltages.

3.19 Rebooting the Camera

The co mmand rc reboots the camera. The camera starts up with the la st s aved s etting s. Previously saved pixel coefficients are also restored.

3.20 Setting the Pre-trigger

A pre-trigger ma y be required for some frame grabb ers.

To set the pre-trigger, use the command:

Syntax :

sp i

Syntax Elements:

Example:

Pretrigg er va lu e from 0 to 15.

sp 10

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Optical, Mechanical, and Thermal Considerations

4.1 Mechanical Interface

The camera’s electronics are h ous ed in a ruggedized lightweight aluminum ca se . See Figure 9.

Mounting

The camera can be mounted using the M3 holes (metric-threa ded) on its bas e or top, a n d on its fron t p late at th e corners.

Environment

The camera and cables should be shielded from environmental noise sources for best operation. The camera should also be kept as cool as possible. The specified operating temperature is 10–50°C me asured at th e fron t p late, ( th e corresponding ambient temperature range w ith still air is 0°C to 37°C). Mounting holes (refer above) allow you to a ttach heat sinking.

Thermal Management

For any CCD camera optimal performance is achieved by transfe rring he at away from th e sensor. Keeping a sensor “cool” reduces the amount of dark current generated. Dark curren t is the leading contributo r to FPN, PR NU, dark offse t, ra n dom noise an d other performance specifications, especially when a camera is s ignificantly ga ine d (i.e. +10 db). Generally, dark current doubles for every 7 °C increase in temperature at the sensor and increase s linearly with inte g ration time . Further varia tions in dark c urrent canno t be compensated for with our flat-field c orrection algorithms. For this re ason, at high gains (+10 dB), hig h tempe ratures (4 0 ° C front plate), and lo w line rates, it is recomme n ded tha t you reca librate the flat-field coefficients whe n th e te mperature shifts by ±10 °C.

Note: Upon initial power-up the fron t p late camera temperature is near ambient. It is recomme n ded to perform flat-field correction once the camera gets within 10 °C of its

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C-MOUNT

F-MOUNT

OPTICAL DISTANCE

0.25

CAMERASURFACE

TODIE SURFACE

50.0

42.0 (2X)4.0 (2X)

57.0(2X)

4.0(2X)

M3x0.5 - 6H(4X)

6. 0 DEEP

32.0 (2X)9.0 (2X)

53.8

49.3

6.0(4X)

M3x0.5 - 6H (4X)

5. 0 DEEP

54.9(2X)

27.0

10.5

10.3

CONTROL/DATA 1

STATUS

POWER

CALIBR ATI ON STICKER

32.5

All units in mm.

M42x1 - 6H

R1.6 (2x)

42.0 (2x)

57.0 (2x)

50.0

65.0

4.0 (2x)

9.2

25.0

4.0 (2x)

32.5

R1.6 (2x)

M42x1 - 6H

R4.0 (4X)

M3x0.5 - 6H

(4X )

6.0 DEEP

40.8

60.8

89.2

512, 1024 Resolutions

2048 Resolution

steady state temperature. For Spyder 2, at a n ambie n t tempe rature of 25 °C and with no airflow, the camera takes 9 0 minutes to ach ieve s teady state an d 20 minute s to rea ch within 10 °C of steady state. If your system cannot pe rform flat-field correction after warm-up con sider th e rec omme n ded methods of reduc ing dark current a n d overall camera temperatures (see below).

Reducing Dark Curren t

The Spyd er 2 mechanicals have been optimized to transfer heat from the sensor to the fron t plate. The refore, to reduc e dark curre n t th e front plate is the ideal place to mo un t heat sinks.

The he at fins on Sp y der2 improve conduction and pro vide a greater s urface area for convec tion (airflow). Mount fans away from the camera to a void vibration, an d direct the airflow on th e heat fins to dec reas e the temp erature delta betwee n ambient and fron t plate temperatures. C onvection is the ideal method to minimize camera warm-up times and re duce dark current generation .

Both metho ds— e ithe r conduction through heat s inking, or convection through a ir flow— greatly reduc e dark curre n t and will improve your system pe rforman ce.

Figure 9. Spyder2 Mechanical Interface

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1024, 1 Tap

No mount, C-mount and F -mount

2048, 1 Tap

No mount, C-mount and F -mount

S2-12-0xk40

F-mount

E.g.S2-12-02k40 is a 1 tap, 2k, 40 MHz camera with an F-mount

4.2 Optical Interface

Depending upon re solution th e camera s can be ordere d with differe n t lens moun ts. T h e following t able provides this informatio n .

Lens Mounts

Camera Configuration Available Lens Mount Options

512, 1 Tap No mount, C-mount and F -mount

Order Option Lens Mount Configuration

S2-10-0xk40 No mount or adapter S2-11-0xk40 C-mount

All C-mount a n d F-mo un t adapte rs ha ve the appropriate back focal dista n ce for the lens type being used. Ensure that the image circle diameter of the lens to be used is as great as the length of the imag ing region. T he following ta b le provide s informa tion re g arding the lens mount used a n d th e back focal distan ce.

Mount Back Focal Distance (sensor die to adapter)

C-Mount 17.52 ±0.25mm F-Mount 46.5 ±0.25mm

Deta iled mech anica ls, including front pla te opening sizes , a n d th e dista n ce from the sensor die to the ope ning, can be found in s ec tion 4.1 Mechanical Interface.

Illumination

Th e amount a n d waveleng th s of light required to capture use ful images de pend on th e particular a p plica tion. Factors include the na ture, spe ed, and spectral c h aracteristics of objects being imaged, exposure times, light source characteristics, environmental a nd acquisitio n sys tem sp ecifics , a n d more . DALSA’s we b s ite, vfm.dalsa.com, provides an introduction to this potentially c omplicated issue . See “Radiometry and P h oto R esponsivity” a nd "Se nsitivities in Pho to metric Units" in the C CD Techno lo gy P rimer foun d un der the Application Suppo rt link.

It is often more important to consider ex p os ure tha n illumination. The total amount of energy (which is rela ted to the total number of photons reac hing the sensor) is more important than the rate at which it arri ves. For example, 5µJ/ cm exposing 5mW/ cm

fo r 1ms just the sa me as ex p os in g an intensity of 5W/ cm2 for 1µs.

can be achieved by

Light Sources

Kee p th ese guidelines in mind when se tting up your light source.

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′

where m is the ma gnification, h ’ is the image height (pixe l size)

′

• LED light source s are r ela t ively inexpensive, p rovide a uniform field, and lon ger life

span compared to other light sources. How ever, they also require a camera with excel lent sensitivity, such as DALSA’s Sp y d er 2 camera.

• Ha logen light source s generally provide ve ry lit tle blue rela tive to IR.

• Fiber-o p t ic light distribution sys tems genera lly transmit very little blue relative to IR.

• Some ligh t source s age; over their life span they pro du ce less light . Th is aging may not

be uniform—a light source may produce progressively less light in some areas of the spectrum but not o th ers.

Filters

CCD cameras are extremely responsive to infrared (IR) w avelengths of light. To prevent infrared from dis torting th e images you scan, use a “ hot mirror” or IR c utoff filter that transmits visible wa velengths but does n ot tra n smit wavelengths o ver 750nm. Ex amples a re the Schneider Optics™ B+W 4 89, which includes a mounting ring, the CORION™ LS750, w hic h does not inc lude a mounting ring, a nd the COR ION™ HR -750 s eries hot mirror.

Lens Modeling

Any le n s surrounded by air can be mode led for came ra purpo ses us in g thre e primary po ints: the first a n d seco n d principal points and the s econd focal point. The prima ry po ints for a len s s h ould be availa ble from the lens data sh ee t or from the lens manufa cturer. Prime d quan tities de n ote chara cteristics of the image side of the lens. T h at

′

is, h is the object height and h The focal point is the point at which the image of a n infinitely distan t object is brought to

focus. The ef fect i v e focal l engt h ( f second focal point. The back focal lengt h (BFL) is the distan ce from the i mage side of the lens s urface to the s econd focal poin t. The obj ect di st ance (OD) is the dis tance from the first principal point to the object.

Figure 10. Primary Points in a Lens System

is the image height.

′

) is the dis tance from the se co n d principal point to th e

Magnification and Resolution

Th e magnification of a le n s is th e ratio of th e image size to the object size:

and h is the obje ct height (desired ob ject resolution size).

By similar triang les, the m agnifica tion is alt ernatively given b y:

Th ese e quations can be co mbined to g ive their most use ful form:

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′

hfOD

This is the g o verning e q uation for many ob j ec t and ima g e plane parameters.

Example: An acquisition system has a 512 x 512 element, 10µm pixel pitch area scan camera, a lens w ith an effective focal length of 45mm, and requires that 100µm in the object space correspond to each pixel in the image sensor. Using the prece din g equation, the object distance must be 450mm (0.450m).

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CCD Handling Instructions

5.1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CCD Se ns or

Cameras contain charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors, which are metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices and a re susceptible to da mage from electrostatic disch arge (ESD).

Electrostatic cha rg e introduce d to the s ensor windo w surface c an induce ch arge buildup on th e unde rside of the window that cannot be re adily dis sipate d by the dry nitroge n gas in the sens or pa ckage c avity. When c h arge buildup occurs, surface-gate d ph otodiodes (SGPDs) may exhibit higher image lag. Some SGPD sensors, such as the IL-P3 used in the Spyd er 2 cameras, may also exhibit a highly non-uniform response when affe cted by cha rge buildup, with some pixels displa ying a much higher response whe n the s ensor is expo sed to uniform illumina tion. The charge n ormally dissipate s within 2 4 hours and the sensor returns to normal operation.

WARNING:

an erroneous calibration, ensure that you perform flat-field correction only after a charge buildup has dissipated over 24 hours.

Charge buildup will affect the camera’s flat-field correction calibration. To avoid

5.2 Protecting Ag a i nst Dust, Oil and Scratch es

Th e CCD windo w is part of the optical path and sho uld b e ha n dled like other optical components, w ith extreme care.

Dust can obscure pixels, producing dark patches on the sensor response. Dust is most visible when the illuminatio n is collimated. The dark patches shift p ositio n as the ang le of illumin ation changes. Du st is no r m ally not visible when the sensor is po sitione d at the exit port of an integrating sphere, where the illumination is diffuse.

Dust c an normally b e removed by b lo wing th e window surface us ing a comp resse d air blowe r , unless the dust particl es are being held by an electrostatic charge, in which case either an ionized air blow er or wet cleaning is necessary.

Oil is us ually introduced during h andling . To uching th e s urface of the window barehanded will lea ve oily residues. U sing rubber finge rcots and rubber gloves can

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preve n t oil contamination . However, the frictio n be twee n th e rubber and the window may produce electrostatic c h arge that may damage th e s enso r. To avoid ESD dama ge and to avoid intr oducing oily residues, only h old the sensor from the edges of the ceramic pa ckage a nd avoid touching the sensor pins and the window.

Imprope r handling, cleaning, or s to rage o f the sensor can cause scra tches. Vacuum picking tools should not come in con tact with the window surface. CCDs should not be stored in containers w here they are not properly secured and can slide against the container.

Scratches diffrac t incident illumination. Whe n exposed to uniform illumina tion, a sensor with a scra t ched windo w will no r mally have brighter pix els a djacent to darker pixels. The lo cat ion of these pixels c hanges with th e a n gle of illu mina t ion.

5.3 Cleaning the Sensor Window

1. Us e compre ss ed air to blo w o ff lo ose p artic les. This step a lo n e is usually suffic ient to c lean the sensor window.

2. If further c leaning is required, use a l ens w iper moistened with alcohol or acetone.

3. We recommend using lint-free ESD-s afe c lo th wipers th at do no t co n tain particles that c an s cratch the window. The Antico n Gold 9 ”x 9 ” wiper made by Millike n is both E SD sa fe an d suitable for class 100 environments. Another ESD acceptable wiper is the TX4025 from Texwipe.

4. An alternative to ESD-safe cloth wipers is Transplex swabs that have desirable ESD properties. There are several v arieties available from Texwipe. Do not use regular cotton swa bs , since th es e can intro duce c h arge to the window surfa ce.

5. Wipe the window ca refully and slowly.

6. When cleaning long linear sensor s, it may be e as ier to wipe a long t he width (i.e . as op posed to the len gth) of the se n sor.

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Troubleshooting

The information in this chapter can help you s olve proble ms that ma y occ ur during the setup of your came ra. Reme mbe r that the came ra is pa rt of the e n tire acquisition syste m. You may have to troubleshoot any or all of the following:

• powe r supplies • cabling

• frame grabb er hardwa re & software • host computer

• light so urces • optics

• operating e nvironment • encoder

Your steps in dealing with a tec h nic al problem sho u ld be:

1. Try the general a nd spec if ic s olutions listed in se ction s 6 .1, 6.2 and 6.3.

2. If the se solutions do no t resolve your problem, see s ectio n 6.4 on gettin g product support.

6.1 Common Solutions

Connections

Th e first s tep in troublesh ooting is to verify that your ca mera ha s a ll the correct connections.

Power Supply Voltages

Check for the presence of all voltages at the camera pow er connector. Verify that all grounds are conn ecte d.

EXSYNC

When the camera is po were d on for the first time, it de faults (no e x ternal inp ut required) to exposure mode 2 (5 kHz line ra te, and inte rn al Sync to trigger readout) . After a use r has sa ved setting s, the camera pow ers up w ith the saved settings. Note, a w arning appears when switching to expos u re mod e requirin g external signals if external s ignals are not present (EXSYNC or PRIN).

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PRIN

PRIN is an optio n al input signal used to c ontrol expo sure con trol (PRIN).

PRIN Indicates

High Integration Low Pixel reset

Data Clocking/Output Signals

To validate cab le integrity, h ave the camera se n d out a test patte rn and verify it is being properly received. Refer to section 3.17 Test Patterns for further info rmation .

6.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface

The following commands can aid in debugg ing.

Communications

T o quickly verify serial commun ications s end the help comma nd. The h command returns the onl ine help menu. If further problems persist, review Appendix C for more information on communica tions.

Verify Parameters

To verify the camera parameters, send the gcp command. See section B3 Camera Parameter Screen for a complete explanation of the camera parameters screen.

Verify Factory Cali b rated Settings

To re store the camera ’s factory settings and re set th e FPN an d PRNU coe fficients to 0, send the

After executing this command s end the

rfs command.

gcp command to verify the fa ctory settin gs.

Verify Timin g an d Digital Video Path

Use the tes t pattern feature to verify the proper timing and conn ectio n s between th e camera and the frame grabber an d verify the proper outp ut alon g the digital proc essing chain. See below .

Generating Test Patterns

Th e camera can generate a test pa ttern to aid in sys tem de bugging . Use th e comman d

svm 2 to activate th e test pa ttern. The tes t pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN, then starts

at 0 again. U se th e test pa ttern to verify the proper timing and conn ectio n s between th e camera and the frame grabber.

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• No test pattern or bad test pattern — May indicate a problem with the camera (e.g. missing bit) or a system setup problem (e.g. frame grabber or timing). Verify the presen ce of the LVAL a n d STROBE s ig n als.

• Test pattern successful — R un the Then run the raw video ( n o digita l processing). Under da rk con ditio n s, with fa ctory settings , the ana log offse t value should b e within the s pecified ra n ge (refer to the use r specifica tions). Adjust the ana log offse t using th e condition s, yo u should rec eive a value .

gl command under both da rk and light con ditio n s to retrie ve a line of

svm 0 command to deactiva te video correc tion.

cao or sao c ommands. Under light

Verify Voltage

To ch eck th e ca mera’s inp ut voltages an d internal voltages , use th e vv comma n d. If they are within the proper range, the camera returns OK>. Otherwise the camera returns an error message.

Verify Temperature

To check the i nternal temperature of the camera, use the vt command. For proper op eration, this value should not e x ceed 75°C.

Verify Pixel C oef ficients

To activa te video correc tio n , se n d th e comman d svm 1. Then use the dpc command to display the pi xel coefficients in the order FPN , PRN U, FPN , PRNU… The camera also returns the pixe l n umb er with e ach co efficient.

End-of-line Sequenc e

To further aid debugging, the camera can generate an end-of-line sequence. The end-ofline-sequence outputs "aa", "55", "line counter", "line average", "pixels above threshold", "pixels below threshold". To activate the end-of-line sequence, use the command To disable the end-of-line sequence, use the command

Use the modes, or 0 to 1023 for 10-b it data modes.

sut and slt co mmands to set th res h old values betwe en 0 and 255 for 8-bit data

els 0.

els 1.

LED Status

Locate d on the bac k of the camera is a re d/ gree n LED used to display th e opera tiona l sta tus of the camera. Red lights indicate errors or warnings and green lights indicate progress and OKs. Error and warning states are accompanied by corresponding messages further des cribing current c amera status.

Monitoring Tasks

The camera enters a warning state w hen any of the camera's continuous ly running mon itoring tas ks detects a failure . Use th e defined monitory tasks (if no parame ter is pa ss ed) and/ o r to e n able/ disable s p ecific monitoring tasks.

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wed command to display the status of all the

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6.3 Specific Solutions

No Output or Erratic Behavior

If your camera pro vides no output or beha ves e rratic ally, it may be pic king up ra n dom no ise from long cables acting as an tenna e. Do n ot a ttach wire s to unused pin s. Verify tha t the camera is n ot re ceiving spurious inputs (e.g. EXSYNC o r PRIN, if camera is in exposure mode that regulates external signals).

Line Dropout, Bright L ines, or Incorrect Line Rate

Verify that th e freque n cy of th e internal s ync is set co rrectly, or when the camera is set to externa l sync th at the EXSYNC signal s upp lied to the camera doe s not exceed th e camera’s maximum specified line rate.

Noisy Output

Check your pow er supply voltage outputs for noise. Noise present on these lines can res ult in poor video quality. Low quality or non-twiste d p air c able ca n also add noise to the vide o output.

Dark Patches

If dark patc h es appe ar in your output the optics p ath may have be come conta min ated. Cl ean your lenses and sensor windows with extreme care.

1. Take stan dard ESD precaution s.

2. Wear l atex gloves or finger cots

3. Blow off dust using a filtered blow bo ttle or dry, filtere d comp resse d air.

4. Fold a piece of optical lens cleaning tissue (approx. 3" x 5") to make a square pad that is approximately one finger-width

5. M oisten the pad on one edge with 2-3 drops of clean s olvent—either alcohol or acetone. Do not saturate the en tire pad with solvent.

6. Wipe a cross th e length of the window in on e direction with the moistened en d first, followed by the rest of the pa d. The dry part of the pad should fo llo w the moistened end. The goal is to preve n t solvent from eva poratin g from the window surfa ce, as this will end up lea vin g residue and streaking behin d .

7. Repeat steps 2-4 using a c lean tis sue un til the entire window has been cleaned.

8. Blow off any adhe ring fibers or pa rticle s us ing dry, filtered compre ss ed air.

Stuck Bits

If data bits seem to be s tuck or do not change, check tha t th e ca mera is n ot s aturate d by preventing light from entering. To verify the da ta path integrity, check the levels of the 2 test pattern pixels (first 2 pixe ls following the las t End-of-line p ixel. You may ne ed to turn

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the End-of-line sequence “on” by sending the command els 1). Any deviation from a consistent value of these pix els (17 0DN/ 85DN) could be an indication of the following:

• shorted bits

• stuc k bits

• dig it al noise pickup o n the I/ O c able

• open co nnec tion.

To activa te the tes t pattern , use th e comman d proper timing and connections between the camera and frame grabber.

To re ceive a comp lete line of raw video data (without dig ital proces sing or te st pattern) thro ugh the RS23 2 po rt, use th e comman d afte r ano th er an d th e minimum, maximum, and mean value of the sa mpled line. Use this command to ensure the proper vide o input ra n ge .

Probe the output line s with a n oscilloscope . Disconnec t th e digital cable from the camera and c h eck the digita l signals a t th e o utput of the camera . E n sure th at the correct value s are present. Check all cable connections, especi ally right at the connector; poor con ne ction s or brok en wires will cause ra ndomly changing b its or stuck bits.

svm 2. Use th e te st pattern to verify the

gl. The returned data displays one pixel value

Horizontal Lines or Patterns in Image

A faulty or irregula r enc ode r sign al ma y result in h orizon tal lines due to exposure time fluc tuation s; ensure tha t your ex p os ure time is regular. If you ha ve verified tha t your expo sure time is consiste n t and pa tterns of low freque n cy intensity variatio n s s till occur, ensure that you a re using a DC or high frequency light source.

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Appendix A

Camera Link™ Reference

C amera L in k is a commu nication interfac e for vision application s. For yea rs, th e s cientific and industria l dig ital video marke t h as lac ked a stan dard method

of co mmunication. Both fra me gra bbers and camera manufa cturers developed products with differe n t con n ectors , ma king cable p roduction difficult for manufac turers and very confusing for consume rs. A c onnec tivity sta n dard betwe en digita l cameras a n d frame grabbers is long overdue and will become even more necessary as data rates continue to increase.

Increasingly diverse cameras and advanced signal and data transmissions have made a con ne ctivity standard like Camera Link a nec essity. The C amera L ink interface will reduce s upp ort time, as well as th e cost of that support. The sta n d ard cable will be a ble to handle the increased signal speeds, and the cable assembly w ill allow customers to reduce their c os ts throug h vo lume pricing.

LVDS Technical Desc ription

Low Volt age Differential Signaling (LVDS) is a high -speed, low -pow er general purpose interfa ce stan dard. The stan dard, known as ANSI/ TIA/ EIA-644, was approved in M arch 199 6. LVD S use s differential signaling, with a nominal signal swing of 350 mV d iff erential. T h e low signa l swing decr ea ses r ise a n d f all times to achie ve a theoretical maximum transmission rate of 1.923 Gbps into a loss-less medium. Th e low sign al swing als o means that the stan dard is not dependent on a particular supply voltage. LVDS use s currentmode drivers, which limit power consumption. The differe nt ial s ignals are immune to ±1 V common volt noise.

Camera Signal Requirements

Th is section provides definition s for the signals use d in th e Came ra Link interfa ce. The standard Camera Link cable provides camera control signals, serial communication, and video data.

Video Data

Th e Channel Link tech n ology is integral to the transmission of video data . Ima ge data an d image e nable signals are transmitted o n the Cha nnel Link bus. Four enable signals are defined as:

• FVAL—Frame Valid (FVAL) is defined HIG H for va lid lin es.

• LVAL—Line Va lid ( LVAL) is define d HIGH for valid pixels.

• DVAL—Data Valid (DVAL) is defined HIGH whe n data is va lid.

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• Spar e— A s pare has be en defined for future use .

All fou r enable signals m ust be pro vided by the ca mera on each Channel Link chip. All unused da ta bits must be tied to a known va lue by th e camera. F or more information on ima ge data bit allocations, refer to the official Came ra Link specifica tion on th e vfm.dalsa .c om we b s ite.

Camera Control Signals

Four LVDS pairs a re re se rved for g enera l-purpose camera control. They are defi ned as camera inputs an d frame grabber outputs. Ca mera man ufacturers can de fine thes e sig n als to meet th eir needs for a p artic ular product. The s ig n als a re:

• Camera Control 1 (CC1)

• Camera Control 2 (CC2)

• Camera Control 3 (CC3)

• Camera Control 4 (CC4)

Communication

Two LVDS pairs h ave bee n allocated for a synchron ous se rial c ommunication to a n d from the camera and frame grabber. Cameras and frame grabbers should support at least 9600 baud. These si gnals are

• SerTFG—Differential pair with se rial c ommunication s to the frame grabber.

• SerTC—Differential pair with se r ial commun icat ions to th e c amera .

T h e seria l interface will have the following c h aracteristics: o n e s tart bit, one stop b it, no parity, and no h andshaking. It is re commende d th at frame grab be r manufac turers supply both a use r interface an d a softwa re app lica tion prog rammming interface (API) for using the as ynchrono us s eria l c ommunication port. T h e us er interfa ce will consist of a terminal program with minima l ca p abilities o f sending a nd rec eiving a c h aract er string and sending a file of bytes. T h e softwa re AP I will provide functions to enumerate boards and send or receive a character strin g. See Appendix B in the Off icial Camera Link specifica tion on th e vfm.dalsa .c om we b s ite.

Power

Power w ill not be provided on the Camera Link connector. The camera will receive power thro ugh a se parate cable. C amera manufa cturers define their own power connector, curren t, a n d voltage re quireme n ts.

A1 Camera Link™ Configuration Table

T h e following table provides ta p reconstructio n informa tio n . DALSA is working with the mach ine vision industry to use th is table a s the basis for auto configuration. Visit th e http:/ / vfm.dalsa.com Web site and view the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map document, 03-32-00450, for further details.

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Imager Dimension <1,2 or 1| 2>

2048

Number of Imager Taps <1,2,3…..>

Camera S tandard <N TSC, PAL, VS , VW, MW>

Number Processi ng N odes is <1 or 2>

change. C0 is the defa ult o utput forma t and must be listed. O utput configurations that do n ’t confo rm are

Columns*Row s)(T3,Columns*Row s….>

Row Color Offset <0,1,2,3…>

Column Binning Factor <1,2,3 or 1| 2| 3>

Pretrigger Lines <0,1,2.. or 0..15>

0...15

Spyder2 Interface Parameters

Table 6: Framegrabber Interface Parameters

Item (when programmable configuration the options are separated with a | )

Imager Columns<number of ac tive colum ns , X> 512

S2-1x-xxx40-xx-L

1024

Imager Row s<number of active row s, Y> Line Scan/ TDI are defined as 1

Tap Clock Rate <xx M Hz> 40

Number of Camera Configurations<1,2,3,…> 2 C onfig urat ion Definition Cx = HDW, Number of Output T aps, Bit Width,

Number of Processing N odes wher e Cx is the configuration ID x is <1,2,3…> HDW is <Base , Me d iu m , Full> Number of O utput T aps is < 1,2,3…> Bit width is <8, 10,12…>

Tap Reconstruction In s o me c onfigurations the reco nstruction ma y

li sted separately. <Cx,Tn (Column Start, C olumn End, Column

Increment, Row Start, Row E nd, Row Inc rement> Camera Color <Hybrid, Mono, Pattern, S olid> R GB Pattern Size <(T1,Columns*Row s)(T2,

C1 = Base, 1, 8, 1 C2 = Base, 1, 10, 1

512: C0(1, 512, 1, 1, 1, 1) 1024: C0(1, 1024, 1, 1, 1, 1) 2048: C0(1, 2048, 1, 1, 1, 1)

Mono

(T1, 1*1)

C olor D efinition (Column, Row, Color) Where color is R,G,B

Column Color Offset <0,1,2,3…> 0 Row Binning Factor <1,2,3 or 1| 2| 3> 1

Pretrigger Pixels <0,1,2…or 0..15> 0

Line Time Minimum <xx µ s> 512: 15.38

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T1=(1,1,M )

1024: 28.57 2048: 55.56

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2048: 1000

<xx ns> 0 if no t applica ble

BAUD Rate <9600….>

9600, 19200, 57600, 115200

CC2 <Spare>

PRIN

DVAL out <Strobe Valid, Alternate>

High

Item (when programmable configuration the

S2-1x-xxx40-xx-L

options are separated with a | )

Line Time Maximum <xx µs>

Internal Line/ Frame Time Resolution <xx ns> 0 if no t applica ble Pixel Res et Pulse Minim u m W id t h <xx ns> 0 if no t applica ble Internal Pixel Reset Time Resoluti on

Pixel Reset to Exsync H old time <xx ns> 5-

CC1 <Exs ync> EXSYNC

CC3 <Forw ard, Spare> Spar e CC4 <Spare> Spar e

LVAL out <Frame Valid, A lternate> LVAL Spare out <Spa re> Spar e

FVAL out High

512: 1000

1024: 1000

2000

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get_camera_ID

gci

Reads camera ID

Appendix B

Networking Mode, Error Handling and Command List

Th is appendix des cribes how to co n fig ure your came ra for n etworking mode and provides a list of error messa ges an d a complete list of ca mera comma n ds.

B1 Networking Mode

Th e camera's n etwork fea ture pro vides the capability to conn ect and control multiple cameras over a multi-drop RS485 link.

Th e ne twork feature consists of three comman ds an d a set of definitions describing the behavior of the camera when the commands are sent in network mode.

Command Short Form Description

set_camera_ID sci Sets camera network ID

set_netmessage_mode snm 0: di sable, default (messages enabled)

Camera ID

The camera ID is a single, case insensitive ASCII alphanumeric character: A to Z or 0 to 9. To change the network ID for a camera, use the command

parameter is an ID o f A to Z or 0 to 9 , a n d th e s econd, optional, parameter is the camera's serial number.

To read current camera ID, use the

1: enable (messages di sabled)

sci i i. Where the first

gcp command.

Changing Network ID of a C amera

To change the ID of a netw orked camera, even if some or all of the cameras share the same camera ID, provide the serial number of the camera as the second parameter when sending the broadcast vers ion of the

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sci command.

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Example: change network ID of camera with serial number abcd to 1

: sci 1 abcd

Note: each camera must be polled following use of a broadcast command.

The Network Commands

Th e ne twork command is an ordinary c amera command prefixed by a network prefix. Network prefixes a lwa ys s tart with the colon chara cter ":" and are followed imme diately by the camera ID (addressing a single camera on the network), or space (addressing all cameras on the network or a Broadcast command).

Th e camera replies to the network command on ly if it is addresse d directly. The last line of the camera reply (error or OK message) to the network command is prefixed with the ID of the camera.

Example: return camera ID for camera a

:a gci

camera id: a

a OK>

Special Case: Empty N etwork Command

Th e emp ty network command is a spe cial case of network commands. If the las t command iss ued was not a Broadcast c omma n d, the e mpty n etwork command will cause the address ed camera to output an "OK" mes sage followed by the ">" pro mpt and prefixed by the network ID. If the la st comma n d issued was a broadcast command, the empty network command is us ed to query ea ch ca mera for its R EADY/ BUSY sta tus.

Example: empty network command issued

:a CR

a OK>

Broadcast Commands and R EADY/BUSY Status

Broadcast co mmands are commands s ent to all ca meras on the network at the same time. Afte r a broadcas t command is sen t, a n d be fore issuing the ne xt command, each camera on the link must be polled until a READY status is returned. A B USY status indicates th at the camera is not ready to receive the next command.

To poll the sta tus of a networked c amera , sen d an empty network c omma n d to e ach camera until they each return the READY reply.

Both the READY and B USY reply consist of six characters : Carriage Return (CR), Line Fe ed (LF), a n d th e network ID of th e queried camera, followed by a s p ace and either the BUSY code "0", or the READY code "1 " an d th e prompt character ">".

Example: query command followed by a BUSY reply

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Disable messages

:a CR

Example: query command followed by a READY reply

:a CR

Afte r all cameras re turn th e READY sta tus, use the gps to poll each ca mera for the return codes of the sent broadcast c omman d.

Note, the QUERY BUSY mo de is a ctive only a fter a b roa dcas t command, normally the camera doe s not suppo rt th is mode of o peratio n . The controlling software must wait for a reply from the camera before sending the next command.

Camera will no t reply to th e Broadcas t co mmand. To re ad the sta tus of the la st comma n d execute d (major error code + coded va lue of

informal messa ges) and coded va lue for all pending monitorin g task warnings po ll ea ch camera by using network version of the

gps command.

Example: reading status from camera ID "a"

:a gps

Enabling/Disabling Non-Command Messages in the Network Environment

To enable/ disable camera messages unrelated to the executed command, such as initializatio n a nd monitorin g task messa ges , use the c ommand

Value Function

0 Enable messages, default

B2 Error Handling

Use the gps command to read th e status of the las t command e x ecuted. Re turn values come in the following order:

• Deci mal number representing the code of the las t command.

• Deci mal number representing the error code for last command executed.

• Deci mal value representing sum of all informal message codes caused by last

command executed.

• Decimal numbe r r epresenting sum of all pending warning values f r om all mon it oring tasks.

Example: value returned following a ccf command

gps

2 0 192 33

The returned value, 2 0 192 33, reads as follows:

snm i.

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Command code: correction_calibrate_fpn

Error code: successful

Monitoring task message: code 1 + code 32

INDEX)

Internal c ame ra e rror (RESULT

Invalid command

Command not reco g nized

C ommand parameters incorrect or out of range

range

ssf

set

(ssf and set) and in mode 6 (set)

ccf, ccp

UNCALIBRATED mode only

roi

Camera memory check failure

Memory test of external RAM failed

DSP c onfig u r ation res et failure (D SP)

(FPGA )

different than o ne encoded on the board

Returned value Description

192 Informal me s sage: code 64 + code 128

Th e following tables list the code s for errors, informal message s, and mon itoring task messages. (Refer to section E7 for a list of all available commands.)

Error Codes

Code Description Suggested Cause

0 Command executed successfully Command executed w ithout major error

detected

1 Internal c ame ra e rror (PIX EL

Internal s oftwa re e rror trap

CODE)

5 Command not available in

current exposure mode

6 Command available in

CALIBRA TED mode only

7 Command available in

8 Command not available in

VIDEO TES T mode

9 S tart value must be an odd

number less than the even numbered end value

11 Unable to configure DSP DSP (FPGA) conf iguration fa ilu re 12

13 Get line process command timed

out, check for the presence of

external signals 14 DSP echo test error DISC bus commu nication te st failure 15 Invalid se n sor co nfiguration

Internal s oftwa re e rror trap

Command parameters are invalid or out of

and

cao, cag

sao, sg

: inva lid starting or ending pixel index

DSP (FP GA) could not be placed in

configuration mode gl, gla, cao, cag, ccf, ccp timed out.

Current exposure mode requires external SYNC, how ever SYN C signal not present

Invalid sensor configuration rea d from DSP

are allowed on ly in mode 2

16 Invalid sens o r configura tion

(ADC) 17 Sensor configuration mismatch Sensor configuration rea d from DSP is

18 One (or more) of the supply

vo lt ages is out of specific ation 19 The camera's temperature i s

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Invalid sens or configuration enco ding on the board

vv command result

command result

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range

Analog offse t calibratio n fa ilure video level)

Analog gain calibration failure (co u ld n ot settings f aile d (internal micro EE m emory failure)

rus, rfs

EEROM (I2C EEROM external to micro)

I2C commu nic ation fault while

INFO: CRC check failure while

Pixel ca libration s t atus will b e s et to NOT

INFO: CRC check failure while coeffici ents

INFO: D SP con figuratio n f ile missing or c orrupt

configuration fails (possible cause)

INFO: Serial commu nic ation

coeffic ient clipped)

ccp

Error Codes

Code Description Suggested Cause

outside the specified oper ati ng

20 Not Used N ot Used 21

22 Analog gain calibration failure

23 C RC check failure while

attempting to restore the camera

settings

Analog offset ca libration f ailure (cou ld not

tune the analog offset to obtain targ eted

tune the analog gain to obtain targeted video level)

C amera se t ting will initialize to de f ault settings, since restore of USER/ FACTORY

24 Camera settings not saved

saved

25 Pixel coeffic ients write failure Failu re while writing pixel coeffic ients to

accessing temperatur e sensor 27 Tim eout waiting for D ISC SYNC

to go LOW 28 Unable to calibrate gain. Tap

number outside ROI.

29 Unable to calibrate offset. Tap

number outside ROI.

Seria l commu n ica t ion fault (I2C) while accessing temperatur e sensor

Internal communication protocol error

Analog gain could not be c alibrated because tap number specified in cag command is outside region of interest.

Analog offset could not be calibrated because tap number specified in cao command i s outside region of interest.

atte mpted but se tting s were not

Informal Message Codes

Code Description Suggested Cause

attempting to restore calibration status

attempting to restore pixe l

CALIBRA TED (internal micro EEROM failure)

All pixel coefficie nts will be res et to zero (external EEROM (I2C) failure)

4 IN FO: Fla sh memory I D error Reported from boot proce ss, only if DSP

32 INFO: Calibration may be out-

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failure while a cc es sing external ADC chip

of-specification (PRN U

con f iguration f ails (possible ca u se: comm u nication error with se rial fla sh memory )

Reported from boot process, only if DSP

Reported from boot process if comm u nication v erificat ion fails with external ADC chip (camera vol tage measurement, SPI)

: several coefficients were clipped

during the ccp command process

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ccf

vo id s pixel ca libration

sao, sg

ccp: ccp

ccf

inaccura te . A/ D clipping h as occurred.

voltages out of spec ifica tion

specification

WARNING: External SYNC not detected

detected

WARNING: Ex t ernal PRIN no t over/ under the specification

specification

GENERAL CAMERA SETTINGS

sci

Error Codes

Code Description Suggested Cause

64 INFO: Calibration may be out-

of-s p ec ifica t ion ( FPN coeffic ient clipped)

128 INF O: Calibration may be out-

of-s p ec ifica t ion ( D O+FP N >

511)

256 INFO : Cha ng ing ana log

settings of calibration mode

: several coefficients were clipped

during the ccf command process

: at least one pixel -> digita l offset +

FPN coefficient > 511

in calibration mode a fte r

calibration has been done

512 INFO: For better ca libration

results, ru n FPN ca libration first

1024 IN FO: Coefficient may be

Insufficient analog offse t or too much gain fo r given ligh t .

called before

Monitoring Task Message Codes

Code Description Suggested Cause

1 WARNIN G: One or more

2 WA RN IN G: Camera

temperature exceeds specified limit

detected

16 WAR NING: Analo g gain is

32 WA RN ING: Line rate is set

below 1000 Hz

At least one of voltages is out of

Current camera temperature exceeds specific ation lim it

Exposure Mode 3,4,5,6: external SYNC not

Exposur e Mode 2: external PRIN not detected

Current analog gain setting is out of

Exposur e mode 2: current line rate is below 1Khz

B3 Camera Parameter Screen

See the following section for a complete command list.

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You can read current ca mera settings with the gcp command. The table below lists the settings dis played on the gcp screen with sample values, along w i th a description of some of th es e settings:

GCP Screen Description

Camera Model No.: S2-xx-xxxxx Camera Serial No.: xxxxxxxxx Sensor Serial No.: xxxxxxxxx Camera Network ID: x

Camera model number. Camera serial number. Sensor serial number. Camera netw ork id set with the

command.

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number.

SETTINGS FOR UNCALIBRATED MODE:

Availa ble only in uncalibrated

fo r details .

comm and is ava ilable o n ly

Offset Performa n ce fo r d etails .

SETTINGS FOR CALIBRATED MODE:

C alibratio n s t atus will change to

rpc

svm 0

GCP Screen Description

Network Message Mode: disabled

Displays w hether netw ork messages are enabled or disabled. Set w ith the snm command. See B1 Netw orking Mode f or details.

Firmware Design Rev.: xx-xx-xxxxx-xx

DSP Design Rev.: xx.xx

Analog Gain (dB): +0.0

Analog Offset: 695

Analog Gain (dB): +0.0

Analog Offset: 716

Digital Offset: 0

Calibration Status: FPN(calibrated)

PRNU(calibrated)

Firmware design revis ion

DSP design revision number.

Ana log gain va lue set with the sg and cao commands.

mode (svm 0). See secti on 3.13 Setting Gains

Analog offset value set w ith the

sao and cag comma nd. T he cag

in uncalibrated mo de (svm 1). See secti on

3.12 Optimizing

Ana log gain va lue set with the sg or ccp c omma nd. T he ccp comm and is ava ilable o n ly in calibrated mode (svm 1). See sections 3.13 Setting Gains and Whit e Light Calibration (page

31) f or details. Analog offset value set with the

sao or ccf c omma nd. T he ccf comm and is ava ilable o n ly in calibrated mode (svm 1). See section 3.12 O p t im izing Offset Performance and Dark Calibration (page 31) for details .

Digita l o ffse t value set with the sdo com m and. Available only in calibrated mode (svm 0). See section 3.12 O p t im izing Offset Performance fo r details .

calibrated after a ccf or ccp command has been issued

after a power up. Calibration status will re turn to uncalibrated after camera reboot or a

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command had been issued.

Set ting Gains for details.

details.

Mode f or details.

Exposure Mode for details .

sut

slt

GCP Screen Description

SETTINGS COMMON TO CALIBRATED AND UNCALIBRATED MODES:

System Gain: 0

Dig it al gain value set with th e ssg command. See section

Background Subtract: 0

Background subtract value set with the ssb command. See section 3.12 O p t im izing Offset Performance fo r details .

Pretrigger: 0

Pretrigger value set with the sp command. See section 3.20 Setting th e Pre-trigger for

Number of Line Samples:

Number of li nes samples set with the css command. See section 3.11 Returning Video Information for details.

Video Mode: uncalibrated

Current video mode value set with the svm command. See section 3.8 Setting the Video

Data Mode: 0

Current data mode value set with the sdm command. See section 3.7 S e tting the Data Mode f or details.

Exposure Mode: 2

Current exposure mode value set with the sem command. See section

3.9 Setting Line Rate and

3.13

SYNC Frequency: 5000 (4998.51) Hz

Current line rate. Value is set with the ssf command. See section 3.9 S e tting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details .

Exposure Time: 197.950 uSec

Current exposure time setting. Value is set w ith the set command. See section 3.9 Setting Line R ate a nd Exposure Mode for details.

End-Of-Line Sequence: on

States whether an end of line sequence is turned on or off. Set using the eol command. See secti on 3.17 Test Patterns fo r details .

Upper Threshold: 240

Lower Threshold: 15

Upper threshold value set with the

command.

Low er threshold value set w ith the

command.

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works in unca librated mode.

uncalibrated mode.

400

GCP Screen Description

Region of Interest: 0001-512

Region of interest size set with the roi command. See section

3.10 Setting a Regi on of Inter est fo r details .

B4 All Available Commands

As a quick reference, the f ollowing table lists all of t he commands available to t h e c amera user. For detailed information on using these comman ds, refer to C h apter 3 .

Parameters:

i = integer f = float t = tap selector s = string x1 = pixel start

number x2= pixel end number []= optional parameter

Th e first column of the table lists comma n d codes returne d as firs t co de from

gps.

Note: Eve n tho ugh the Sp y d er 2 camera h as only one output ta p , you must enter a value

for the tap parameter, either a values are interchangeable and mean the same thing. This parameter has been included in the Spdye r2 softwa re to kee p th e s oftwa re compatible with other DALSA camera s.

Table 7: All Available Commands

Code Command Short

0 calibrate_analog_gain

1 calibrate_analog_offset

1 to indicate one tap , or a 0 to indicate all ta p s. Th es e two

Parameters Description

Form

cag t i

cao t i

Calibrates the analog gain. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 fo r all taps. The second parameter is a line average in a range from 64 to 251DN for 8-bit mode and 256 to 1007DN for 10-bit. This command requires a c onstant light input and only

Calibrates the analog offset. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 fo r all taps. The second parameter is a line average in a range from 1 to 100DN for 8-bit mode and 4 to 400 for 10-bit. This command only works in

2 correction_calibrate_fpn

3 correction_calibrate_prnu

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ccf [i]

ccp [i]

Start FPN c oefficient ca libration. Use css to set sample size. Values range from 1 to 100DN for 8-bit mo de an d 4 to

Start PRNU c oefficient ca libration. Use css to set sample size. Values range from 64 to 251DN for 8-bit mo de an d 256 to 1007DN for 10-bit.

for 10-bit.

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Display the pixel coefficie nts PR NU, … Optio nal p ixel s t art 1 to sensor pixel count.

number.

FPGA version.

pattern) displaying one pix el

sensor pixel count.

from 1 to sensor pixel count.

exec ut ed comma n d and c ode d monitoring task warnings .

Code Command Short

Form

4 correction_set_sample

5 display_pixel_coeffs

6 endof_line_sequence

7 get_camera_id 8 get_camera_model

9 get_camera_parameters 10 get_camera_serial

11 get_camera_version

css i

dpc [i] [i]

els i

gci

gcm

gcp

gcs

gcv

Parameters Description

Set number of line samples aver aged for pixel coefficient calculations or for output of gla command. Values: 16, 32,

(default).

in the order FPN , PRNU, FPN, and end values in a range from

Set the end-of-line sequence: 0: Off

: On, default value

Read the camera ID. Read the camera model

Read camera parameters. Read the camera serial

number. Read the firmw are version and

12 get_fpn_coeff

14 get_line

15 get_line_average

13 get_prnu_coeff

16 get_processing_status

gfc i

gl [i] [i]

gla [i] [i]

gpc i

gps

Read the FPN coefficient for the pixel indicated by the parameter in a range from 1 to the sensor pixel count.

Get a line of r aw video (no dig it al processing or test

val ue after another and the minimum, maximum, and mean value of the sampled line. O p t ional pixel sta r t and end values in a range from 1 to

Read the average of line samples. Use css to se t sample size. Optio n al pixel start and end values in a range

Read the PRN U coefficient for the pixel indicated by the parameter in a range from 1 to the sensor pixel count.

R ead the status of la st value fo r all pending

17 get_sensor_seri al

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gss

Read the sensor seri al number.

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line statistic and fo r the

sensor pixel count.

PRNU coefficients.

57600, and 115200.

of the addressed camera.

bit, A/B/C/D ports,

A/B/C and D/E/F

bit, A/B/C and D/E/F

Code Command Short

Form

18 help 19 regi on_of_interest

20 reset_camera

21 reset_pixel_coeffs 22 restore_factory_settings

23 restore_user_setti ngs

24 set_analog_offset

25 set_baud_rate

roi i i

rpc

rfs

rus

sao t i

sbr i

Parameters Description

Display the online help. Set the pixel range for reading

end-ofregi on of pixels used in the

cag, cao, gl, gla, ccf, and ccp commands. Pixel start and

end values in a range from 1 to

Reset the entire camera (reboot).

Reset the pixel coefficients to 0. Restore the camera’s factory

setti ngs. FPN and PRNU coeffici ents reset to 0.

Restore the camera's last saved user settings and FPN and

Set the analog offset. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps. The second parameter controls the dig it al ana log convertor (DAC), in a range from 0 to 1023, w hich sets analog offset. Offset increases with higher val ues.

Set speed of serial communication port. Ba ud rates: 9600 (default), 19200,

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26 set_camera_id

27 set_data_mode

sci s [s]

sdm i

Set camera ID. The first parameter is a character A to Z, or 0 to 9. The second optional parameter is the serial number

Set the data mode of camera output to :

0: 8-

single processor

1: 10-bit,

ports, single processor

2: 8-bit, A/ B and D/ E ports,

dual processor

3: 10-

ports, dual processor

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Subtracts the input value from

will be a flo ating p oint n u m ber in µ se cs . For allo wable ra n ge,

127

Code Command Short

Form

28 set_digital_offset

29 set_exposure_mode

30 set_exposure_time

sdo t i

sem i

set f

Parameters Description

the video signal prior to t he PR NU co rrect ion. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps. The second parameter is the offset in a range from 0 to 511. Use in calibrated mode on ly.

Set the exposure mode: 1: Interna l SYNC and PRIN,

max line rate and exposure time, facto ry se tting

2: Interna l SYNC and PRIN,

programmable line rate and exposure time using commands ssf and set

3: Exte rnal SYNC, interna l

PRIN, maximum e x posure time

4: Sm ar t EXSYN C 5: External SYNC and PRIN 6: Exte rnal SYNC, interna l

PRIN, programmable exposure time

Set the exposure time in exposure mode 2 or 6. Value

31 set_fpn_coeff

32 set_gain

33 set_lower_threshold

sfc i i

sg t f

slt i

see the camera help screen (h command).

Set the FPN coefficient. The first parameter is the pixel number within the range of 1 to the sensor pixel count. The second value is a specified value within the ra ng e 0 to

Set the analog g ain. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps. The second parameter is a gain val ue specified from –10 to

10. A gain value of 0 sets the camera to its nominal gain.

Set the l ower threshold to a val ue from 0 to 255 for 8-bit data modes, and 0 to 1023 for 10-bit.

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511

Subtracts the input value from

511

511.

bit.

temperature of the camera.

Code Command Short

Form

34 set_netmessage_mode

35 set_pretrigger

36 set_prnu_coeff

37 set_subtract_background

38 set_sync_frequency

snm i

sp i

spc i i

ssb t i

ssf i

Parameters Description

Enable/ disable camera messages unrelated to the executed network command:

0: Enable messages, default

: Disable messages

Set the pretrigger to a value

to 15.

from Set the PRNU coefficient. The

first parameter is the pixel number within the range 1 to the sensor pixel count. The second parameter is a specified va lue with in the range 0 to

the output signal. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps. The second parameter is the subtracted value in a range

from Sets the line rate, in exposure

mode 2, to a value from 1000Hz to camera's maximum li ne rate. Value rounded up/ down as required.

39 set_system_gain

40 set_upper_threshold

41 set_video_mode

42 verify_temperature

43 verify_voltage

ssg t i

sut i

svm i

Set the digital gain. The first parameter is the tap selection either 1 or 0 for all taps. The second parameter is a gain value is specif ied from 0 to

Set upper threshold to a value from 0 to 255 in 8-bit data mo des, a n d 0 to 1023 in 10-

Switch betw een calibrated and uncalibrated modes:

0: U ncalibrated video,

deactivate video correction

1: Calibrated video, activated

correction

: Test pattern

Chec k the inte rnal

Check the camera voltages and return OK or fail.

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all defined monito ring tasks.

tionally, the first parameter

Write all of the user s ettings to

wpc

Code Command Short

Form

44 warning_enable_disable

45 wri te_pixel_coeffs

46 wri te_user_settings

wed [i] [i]

wpc

wus

Parameters Description

Read enable/ disable status of Op

selects a monitoring task and the second parameter enables/ disable the selected task.

Write all current pixe l coeffici ents to EEROM .

EEROM except pixel coeffici ents which are written us ing the

command.

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Appendix C

EMC Declaration of Conformity

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Manual release

History.

des cription and calibration ste ps added

Updated EMC Dec laration of Conformity statement.

Appendix D

Revision History

Revision Number

01 Removed Pending from the E MC dec laration of conformance, Appendix C 02 Changed power dissipation spec on page 7 from <7.5W to 5W. Added Revision

03 Re m oved Pre limin ary from f ront cover.

04 In the Spec table on page 7:

05 -Revision: "EN 55022: 1998" changed to "EN 55022: 1998 Class B" and "EN 61000

Change Description

Updated EMC Declaration of Conformity with new codes.

Updated Nom Dynamic Range from 830:1 to 330:1 and added Max Dynamic Range of 500:1. Is now referenced to 8 bits rather than 10 bits.

Updated Random Noise rms from 1.6 to 0.75 and 6.4 to 2.2 Updated corrected ECD/ ECE from M ax 3/ 8 to Max 6/ 8 Updated corrected FPN from Max 2 to Max 3.

6 1: 2001" removed, page 67. EMC Declaration of Conformity.

-Camera model number revised to S2-1x-xxx40-xx-L

- Defa u lt U se r Calibratio n Coe f ficie nts to 3.14 H ow to Calibrate the Camera.

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Index

rate, 7

analog processing, 19 antiblooming, 8 applications, 6

video, 25, 49 DC offs et, 8 debugging, 4 4 digital data, 13 dig it al processing, 19 dynamic range, 7

base configuration, 11, 12 baud rate, 21 b right lines, 47

calibrating the camera, 29 calibration

dark, 31 default user coefficients, 30 errors, 32 overview, 29 results, 32 steps, 30 time, 30

white light, 31 camera controls, 13, 50 Camera Link, 49

signals, 13 CE, 8 command

format, 19

list, 61

reference, 53 compliance, 8 connector

Camera Link, 12

data, 12

pinout, 12

pow er, 14 cooling, 37

dark

calibration, 31

current, 38

patches, 47 data

bus, 13

mode, 21, 60

EIA-644 Reference, 49 electrical

specific ation s, 7

EMC Declaration of

Conformity, 6 7 end of line sequence, 33 environmental c onside rations,

37 error handling, 55 error messages, 35 exposure mode

setting , 22 exposure time, 22, 23 EXRCLK, 13 EXSYNC, 14

setting, 8, 17, 22, 60

troubleshooting, 44

fiber-op tic light so u rce s, 40 filters , 40 FPN, 7, 29, 31, 32 frame rate, 7 framegrabber parameters, 51

gain

analog, 28

calibrating, 28

dig it al, 28

range, 7

setting , 28

ha log en light so urces, 40 help, 18 hot mirror, 40

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illumin ation , 39 image sensor. See sensor incorrect line rate, 47 input/ output, 10 inputs

exteranl sync, 14 PRIN , 13

interface

elec t rica l, 7 mechanical, 7, 37 optical, 6, 39 parameters, 51 serial, 18 softw are, 18

LED, 11, 34 lens

mode ling, 40

mounts, 39 light sources, 39 line dropout, 47 line rate, 8, 17, 22, 23, 60

setting, 8, 17, 22, 60 line s t atistic s, 24 LVDS, 49

offset

analog, 26 calibrating, 27 optimizing, 26, 59, 60

subtracting, 26 online help, 18 operational status of camera, 34 optical

specific ation s, 6 o p t ical interface, 6 output mode, 21

perfomance

specific ation s, 7 pixel

coeffici ents, 32

correction, 29

non-uniformity, 7, 29

reset, 13

size, 6

statistics, 24

threshold, 34 pretrig ge r, 36 PRIN , 13 PRNU, 7, 29, 31, 33

magnification, 40 MDR26, 11 MDR26 connector, 10 mechanical

specific ation s, 7 mechanical interface, 7, 37, 39 MIL-STD-810E, 8 mode

data, 21

exposure, 22

netwo rking, 53

operating, 22

video, 21 monitoring tasks, 35 mounting, 37

NEE, 8 network commands, 54 netwo rking, 53 noisy output, 47

random noise, 7 rebooting, 36 regi on of i nterest, 24 regu latory cmpliance , 8 resolution, 6 responsivity, 8

graph, 9

roi. See Regi on of I nt er est

S EE, 8 sensor, 6

a lignment, 7

cleaning, 42 seri al interface, 18 settings

gain, 28

offset , 2 6

pretrig ge r, 36

restorin g, 20

saving, 20 startup, 20 statistics, 24 STROBE

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troubleshooting, 46

stuck bits, 47

tap reco n struc tion , 50 temperature, 37

measurement, 35 recommendations, 35

test patterns

generating, 45

timing

fixed (programmed), 15 input a n d output, 15

troubleshooting, 44

video

correction, 29

data, 25

data, 49

data, 49 voltage

measurement, 36

warning messages, 35 white light calibration , 31

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Dalsa Spyder2 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual