CYPRESS CY7C65640A User Manual
er
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Figure 1-1. Blo ck Diagram
CY7C65640
TetraHub™ High-Speed USB Hub Controll
1.0 TetraHub™ Features
• USB 2.0 hub
• Four downstream port s
• Multiple transact ion translators— one per downstream
port for maximum performance
• VID, PID, and DID configured from external SPI
EEPROM
• 24-MHz external crystal
• Small package—Quad Flat Pack, no leads (QFN)
• Integrated up stream pull-up resist or
• Integrated downstream pull-down resistors for all
downstream ports
• Integrated up stream and downstream series termination resistors
.
D+ D–
Serial
Interface
Engine
24 MHz
Crystal
USB 2.0 PHY
PLL
USB Upstream Port
• Configurable with external SPI EEPROM
—N umb er of Active Ports
—N umb er of Removabl e Ports
—Maximum Power
—Hub Controller Power
—Power-On Timer
—Overcurrent Timer
—Disable Overcurrent Timer
—Enable Full-speed Only
—Disable P o rt Indicators
—Gang Power switching
—Enable Single TT Mode Only
—Enable NoEOPatEOF1
High-Speed
USB Control Logic
SPI Communication
Block
SPI_SCK
SPI_SD
SPI_CS
Hub Repeater
USB Downstream Port 1
PHY
D–
Port Power
Control
OVR#[1] LEDPWR#[1]
USB 2.0
D+
Port
Status
USB Downstream Port 2
PHY
D–
Port Power
Control
USB 2.0
D+
OVR#[2] LEDPWR#[2]
Routing Logic
Port
Status
USB 2.0
D+
Transaction Translator (X4)
TT RAM
USB Downstream Port 3
PHY
D–
Port Power
Control
Port
Status
OVR#[3] LEDPWR#[3]
USB Downstream Port 4
PHY
D–
Port Pow e r
Control
OVR#[4] LEDPWR#[4]
USB 2.0
D+
Port
Status
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation • 3901 North First Street • San Jose, CA 95134 • 408-943-2600
Document #: 38-08019 Rev. *H Revised August 2, 2005
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CY7C65640
2.0 Introduction
Cypress’s TetraHub is a high-performance self-powered
Universal Serial Bus (USB) 2.0 hub. The Tetra architecture
provides four downstream USB ports, with a Transaction
Translator (TT) for each port, making it the highest-performance hub possi ble. T his si ngle-c hip devi ce inco rporat es on e
upstream and four downstream USB transceivers, a Serial
Interface Engine (SIE), USB Hub Controller and Repeater , and
four TTs. It is suitable for standalone hubs, mot her board hu bs,
and monitor hub applications.
Being a fixed-function USB device, there is no risk or added
engineering effort required for firmware development. The
developer does not need to wri te any firmwar e for their d esign.
The CY4602 Tetrahub USB 2.0 4-port Hub Reference Design
Kit provides all materials and documents needed to move
rapidly into production. The reference design kit includes
board schematics, bill of materials, Gerber files, Orcad files,
key applicat ion notes, and product description.
CY7C65640A-LFXC is a functional and pin equivalent die
revision of Cypress's CY7C65640-LFXC. Changes were
made to improve device performance.
2.1 TetraHub Architecture
Figure 1-1 is a block diagram of the TetraHub Architecture.
2.2 USB Serial Interface Engine (SIE)
The SIE allows the CY7C65640A to communicate with the
USB host through the USB repeater component of the hub.
The SIE handles the fol lowing USB bus activ ity indepen dent ly
of the Hub Control Block:
• Bit stuffing/unstuffing
• Checksum generation/checking
• ACK/NAK/STALL
• TOKEN type identification
• Address checking.
2.3 Hub Controller
The Hub Control Block do es t he followi ng pr otocol handli ng at
a higher level:
• Coordinate enumeration by respondi ng to SETUP packets
• Fill and empty the FIFOs
• Suspend/Resume coordination
• Verify and select DATA toggle values
• Port power contr ol and over-current det ection.
The Hub Controller provides status and control and permits
host access to the hub.
2.4 Hub Repeater
The Hub Repeater manages the connectivity between
upstream and downstream facing ports that are operating at
the same speed. It supports full-/low-speed connectivity and
high-speed connectivity. Per the USB 2.0 specification, the
Hub Repeater provides the following functions:
• Sets up and tear s d own connect ivi ty on pack et boundari es
• Ensures orderly entry into and out of the Suspend state,
including proper handling of remote wakeups.
2.5 Transaction Translator
The TT basically trans lates data fr om one speed to another. A
TT takes high-speed split transactions and translates them to
full-/low-speed transactions when the hub is op erating at high
speed (the upstream port is connected to a high-speed host
controller) and has full-/low-speed devices attached. The
operating speed of a device attac hed on a downst ream faci ng
port determines whether the Routing Logic connects a port to
the Transaction Translator or Hub Repeater section. If a low/full-speed device is connected to the hub operating at high
speed, the data transfer route includes the transaction translator. If a high-speed device is connected to this high-speed
hub the route only includes the repeater and no transaction
translator since the device and the hub are in conformation
with respect to their data transfer speed. When the hub is
operating at full speed (the upstream port is connected to a
full-speed host controller), a high-speed peripheral will not
operate at its ful l ca pab ili ty. These devic es wil l o nly wor k at 1. 1
speed. Full- and low-speed devices connected to t his hub will
operate at their 1.1 speed.
3.0 Applications
• Standalone Hubs
• Motherboard Hubs
• Monitor Hub applications
• External Per sonal Stor age Dri ves
• Port Replicators
• Portable Drive
• Docking Stations
4.0 Functional Overview
The Cypress TetraHub USB 2.0 Hub is a high-performance,
low-system-cost solution fo r USB. Th e TetraHub USB 2.0 Hub
integrates 1.5k upstream pull-up resistors for full-speed
operation and all downstream 15k pull-down resistors as well
as series termination resistors on all upstream and
downstream D+ and D– pins. This results in optimization of
system costs by providing built-in support for the USB 2.0
specification.
4.1 System Initialization
On power-up, t he TetraHub will read an ex ternal SPI EE PROM
for configuration information. At the most basic level, this
EEPROM will have the Vendor ID (VID), Product ID (PID), and
Device ID (DID) for the customer's application. For more
specialized applications, other configuration options can be
specified. See section 8.0 for more detai ls.
After reading the EEPROM, if BUSPOWER (connected to upstream VBus) is HIGH, TetraHub will enable the pull-up
resistor on the D+ to indicate that it is connected to the
upstream hub, after which a USB Bus Reset is expected.
During this reset, TetraHub will initiate a chirp to indicate that
it is a high-speed peripheral. In a USB 2.0 system, the
upstream hub will respond with a chirp sequence, and
TetraHub will be in a high- speed mode, with the upstre am D+
Document #: 38-08019 Rev. *H Page 2 of 21
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CY7C65640
pull-up resistor turned off. In USB 1.x systems, no such chirp
sequence from the upstream hub will be seen, and TetraHub
will operate as a normal 1.x hub (operating at full speed).
4.2 Enumeration
After a USB Bus Reset, TetraHub is in an unaddressed, un configured stat e (configur ation value set to 0). During the enu meration process, the host will set the hub's address and configuration by sending a SetCongfiguration request. Changing the
hub address will restore it to an unconfigured state.
For high-speed multi-TT support, the host must also set the
alternate interface setti ng to 1 (the def ault mode i s singl e-TT).
Once the hub is configured, the full hub functionality is
available.
4.3 Multiple Transaction Translator Support
After TetraHub is configured in a high-speed system, it will be
in Single TT mode. The host may th en set the hub i nto Multipl e
TT mode by sending a SetInterface command. In Multiple TT
mode, each full -speed por t is han dled ind epende ntly an d thus
has a full 12-Mbp s ban dwidt h av ailab le. In Si ngle T T mode, all
traffic f rom the host desti ned for full - or low- spee d port s wil l be
forwarded to all of those ports. This means that the 12-Mbps
bandwidth is shared by all full- and low-speed ports.
4.4 Downstream Ports
T etraHub supp orts a maximum of four downstream port s, each
of which may be marked as usable or removable in the
extended configuration (0xD2 EEPROM load, see section
8.2). Downstream D+ and D– pull-down resistors are incorporated in TetraHub for each port. Prior to the hub being
configured, the ports are driven SE0 (Single Ended Zero,
where both D+ and D– are driven LOW) and are set to the
unpowered sta te. Once the hub is c onfigured, t he ports are not
driven, and the host may power the ports by sending a
SetPortPower command to each port. After a port is powered,
any connect or disconnect event is detected by the hub. Any
change in the port sta te is report ed by the hub back to the host
through the Status Change Endpoint (endpoint 1). Upon
receipt of SetPort R eset command from the host, the hub will
• Drive SE0 on the corresponding port
• Put the port in an enabled state
• Enable the green por t indicator for that port (i f not previously
overridden by t he host)
• Enable babble detection once the port is enabl ed.
Babble consists of either unterminated traffic from a
downstream port (o r loss of activi ty), or a non-idle condi tion on
the port after EOF2. If babble is detected on an enabled port,
that port will be disabl ed. A Cle arPort Enable comm and from
the host will also disable the specifie d port.
Downstream ports can be individually suspended by the host
with the SetPortSuspend command. If the hub is not
suspended, any res ume will be con fined t o that in divid ual port
and reflected to the host through a port change indication in
the Hub Status Change Endpoint. If the hub is suspended, a
resume on this port will be forwarded to the host, but other
resume events will not be seen on that port. The host may
resume the port by sendi ng a ClearPortSuspend com m and.
4.5 Upstream Port
The upstream port includes the transmitter and the receiver
state machine. The Transmitter and Receiver operate in highspeed and full-speed depending on the current hub configuration.
The transmitter state machine monitors the upstream facing
port while the Hub Repeater has connectivity in the upstream
direction. This monitoring activity prevents propagation of
erroneous indications in the upstream direction. In particular,
this machine prevents babble and disconnect events on the
downstream facing ports of this hub from propagating and
causing the hub to be disabled or disconnected by the hub to
which it is attached. This allows the Hub t o only disconnect t he
offensive port on detecting a babble from it.
4.6 Power Switching
TetraHub includes interface signals for external port power
switches. Both ganged and individ ual (per-p ort) configu rations
are supported, with individual switching being the default.
Initially all ports are unpowered. After enumerating, the host
may power each port by sending a SetPortPower command
for that port. The power switching and over-current detection
of downstream ports is m anaged by control pins connected to
an external power switch device. PWR [n]# output pins of the
CY7C65640A series ar e connected to t he respective e xternal
power switch's port power enable sign als. (Note that each port
power output pin of the external power switch must be
bypassed with a n electro lytic or t anta lum capaci tor as requ ired
by the USB specification. These capacitors supply the inrush
currents, which occur during downstream device hot-attach
events.)
4.7 Over-current Detection
Over-current detection includes timed detection of 8 ms by
default. This parameter is configured from the external
EEPROM in a range of 0 ms to 15 m s for both an enabled por t
and a disabled port individually. Detection of over-current on
downstream ports is managed by control pins conn ected to an
external power switch device.
The OVR[n]# pins of the CY7C65640A series are connected
to the respective external power switch's port over-current
indication (output) signals. Upon detecting an over-current
condition, the hub device r eports the over-current condition to
the host and disables the PWR# output to the external power
device.
4.8 Port I ndicators
The USB 2.0 port indicators are also supported directly by
TetraHub. As per the specification, each downstream port of
the hub supports an option al st atus indic ator . The pre sence of
indicators for downstream facing ports is specified by bit 7 of
the wHubCharacter istics field of the hub class d escriptor. The
default TeraHub descriptor specifies that port indicators are
supported (wHubChar acteri sti cs, bit 7 is set). If po rt indi cator s
are not included in the hub, this should be disabled by the
EEPROM.
Each port indicator is strategically located directly on the
opposite edge of the port which it is associated with. The
indicator provides two colors: green an d am ber. This is i m plemented as two separate LEDs, one amber and the other
green. A combi nation of hardware and soft ware contr ol is u sed
Document #: 38-08019 Rev. *H Page 3 of 21
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CY7C65640
to infor m the us er of th e cu rrent sta tus of t he port o r the devic e
attached to the port and to guide the user through problem
resoluti on. Col ors a nd b linking ar e used to pr ovide info rmatio n
to the user. The significance of the color of the LED depends
on the operational mode of the TetraHub. There are two
modes of operat ion f or t he TetraHub port i ndicat ors: automat ic
and manual.
On power-up the TeraHub defaults t o Automatic Mode, where
the color of the Port Indicato r (Green, Amber , Off) indicates the
functional status of the TetraHub port. In Automatic Mode,
TetraHub will turn on the green LED whenever the port is
enabled and the amber LED when it has had an over-current
condition detected. Th e color of the port indicator is set by th e
port state machine. Blinking of the LEDs is not supported in
T able 4-1. Automatic Port State to Port Indicat or Color Mapping
Downstream Facing Hub Port State
Port
Switching
With Off or Amber if due to an
Overcurrent Condition
Without Off Off or Amber if due to an
Table 4-2. Port Indicator Color Definitions in Manual Mode
Color Definition Port State
Off Not operational
Amber Error condition
Green Fully Operational
Blinking Off/Green Software Attention
Blinking Off/Amber Hardware Attention
Blinking Green/Amber Reserved
Powered Off
Disconnected, Disabled, Not
Configured, Reset ti ng, Testing
Off Green Off
Overcurrent Conditi on
Automatic Mode. Table 4- 1 below identifies the mapping of
color to port state in Automatic Mode.
In manual mode, the indicators are under the control of the
host, which can turn on one of the LEDs, or leave them off.
This is done by a system software USB Hub class request.
Blinking of the LEDs is supported in Manual Mode. The port
indicators allow the user to intervene on any error detection.
For example, when babble is detected on plugging in a
defective de vice, or on occurr ence of an o vercurren t condit ion,
the port indicators corresponding to the downstream port will
blink green or only light the amber LED, respectively. Table 4-
2 below displays the color definition of the indicators when
TetraHub is in Manual Mode.
Enabled, T r ansmit,
or Tr ansm itR
Green Off
Suspended, Resuming,
SendEOR, Restart_E /S
Note. Informati on present ed in Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 is from
USB 2.0 specificati on Tables 11- 6 and 11-7, respectively.
Document #: 38-08019 Rev. *H Page 4 of 21
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5.0 Pin Configuration
CY7C65640
DD–[4]
DD+[4]
VCC
GND
DD–[3]
DD+[3]
VCC
GND
DD–[2]
DD+[2]
VCC
GND
PWR#[3]
VCC
545556
OVR#[3]
53 52
PWR#[4]
GND
OVR#[4]
51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43
SPI_SD
GND
SPI_SCK
RESET
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
AMBER#[4]
VCC
GREEN#[4]
AMBER#[3]
42
41
GREEN#[3]
40
GND
VCC
39
38
AMBER#[2]
GREEN#[2]
37
AMBER#[1]
36
GREEN#[1]
35
GND
34
33
VCC
32
OVR#[2]
GND
DD–[1]
DD+[1]
12
13
14
2827262524232221201918171615
D–
D+
GND
VCC
VCC
XIN
GND
VCC
XOUT
GND
SPI_CS
BUSPOWER
VCC
GND
31
30
29
PWR#[2]
OVR#[1]
PWR#[1]
Figure 5-1. 56-pin Quad Flat Pack No Leads (8 mm x 8 mm)
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6.0 Pin Description Table
Table 6-1 below displays the pin assignments for the
CY7C65640A.
T able 6-1. Pin Assignments
Pin Name Type Default Description
3 VCC Power N/A V
7 VCC Power N/A V
11 VCC Power N/A V
15 VCC Power N/A V
19 VCC Power N/A V
23 VCC Power N/A V
27 VCC Power N/A V
33 VCC Power N/A V
39 VCC Power N/A V
45 VCC Power N/A V
55 VCC Power N/A V
4 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
8 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
12 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
16 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
20 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
24 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
28 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
34 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
40 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
47 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
50 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
56 GND Power N/A GND. Connect to Ground with as short a path as possible.
21 XIN Input N/A 24-MHz Crystal IN or External Clock Input.
22 XOUT Output N/A 24-MHz Crystal OUT.
46 RESET# Input N/A Active LOW Reset. This pin resets the entire chip. It is normally tied to V
26 BUSPOWER Input N/A VBUS. Connect t o the VBUS pin of the up stream connecto r. Th is signal indicates
SPI INTERFACE
25 SPI_CS O O SPI Chip Select. Connect to CS pin of the EEPROM.
48 SPI_SCK O O SPI Clock. Connect to EEPROM SCK pin.
49 SPI_SD I/O/Z Z SPI Dataline Connect to GND with 15-KΩ
UPSTREAM PORT
17 D– I/O/Z Z Upstream D– Signal.
18 D+ I/O/Z Z Upstream D+ Signal.
DOWNSTREAM PORT 1
13 DD–[1] I/O/Z Z Downstream D– Signal.
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
. This signal provid es power to the chip.
CC
through a 100K resisto r , and t o GND through a 0.1-µF cap acitor. Other than this,
no other special power- up procedure is requir ed.
to the hub that it is in a powered st ate, and may enable the D+ pull-up resistor
to indicate a connec tion. (The hub wi ll do so af ter the exter nal EEPROM is read,
unless it is put i nto a high-speed mode by the upstream hub). The hub can not
be bus powered, and the VBUS signal must not be used as a power source.
resistor and to the Data I/O pins of
the EEPROM.
CC
Document #: 38-08019 Rev. *H Page 6 of 21
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T able 6-1. Pin Assignments (continued)
Pin Name Type Default Description
14 DD+[1] I/O/Z Z Downstream D+ Signal.
36 AMBER#[1] O 1 LED. Driver output for Amber LED. Port Indicator Support. Activ e LOW.
35 GREEN#[1] O 1 LED. Driver output for Green LED. Port Indicator Support. Active LOW.
30 OVR#[1] Input 1 Overcurrent Condition Detection Input. Active LOW.
29 PWR#[1] O/Z Z Power Switch Driver Output . Active LOW.
DOWNSTREAM PORT 2
9 DD–[2] I/O/Z Z Downstream D– Signal.
10 DD+[2] I/O/Z Z Downstream D+ Signal.
38 AMBER#[2] O 1 LED. Driver output for Amber LED. Port Indicator Support. Activ e LOW.
37 GREEN#[2] O 1 LED. Driver output for Green LED. Port Indicator Support. Active LOW.
32 OVR#[2] Input 1 Overcurrent Condition Detection Input. Active LOW.
31 PWR#[2] O/Z Z Power Switch Driver Output . Active LOW.
DOWNSTREAM PORT 3
5 DD–[3] I/O/Z Z Downstream D– Signal.
6 DD+[3] I/O/Z Z Downstream D+ Signal.
42 AMBER#[3] O 1 LED. Driver output for Amber LED. Port Indicator Support. Activ e LOW.
41 GREEN#[3] O 1 LED. Driver output for Green LED. Port Indicator Support. Active LOW.
53 OVR#[3] Input 1 Overcurrent Condition Detection Input. Active LOW.
54 PWR#[3] O/Z Z Power Switch Driver Output . Active LOW.
DOWNSTREAM PORT 4
1 DD–[3] I/O/Z Z Downstream D– Signal.
2 DD+[3] I/O/Z Z Downstream D+ Signal.
44 AMBER#[3] O 1 LED. Driver output for Amber LED. Port Indicator Support. Activ e LOW.
43 GREEN#[3] O 1 LED. Driver output for Green LED. Port Indicator Support. Active LOW.
51 OVR#[3] Input 1 Overcurrent Condition Detection Input. Active LOW.
52 PWR#[3] O/Z Z Power Switch Driver Output . Active LOW.
CY7C65640
Unused port DD+/DD– lin es can be lef t floati ng. The po rt power, amber , and gr een LED pins should be l eft unco nnected, and the
overcurrent pin should be tied HIGH. The overc urrent pin is an input and it shou ld not be left floati ng.
7.0 Default Descriptors
7.1 Device Descriptor
The standard device descri ptor for TetraHub is based on the VID, PID, and DI D found in the SPI EEPROM. This VID/PID/DID in
the EEPROM will overwrite the default VID/PID/DID. If no EEPROM is used, the TetraHub will enumerate with the default
descriptor values as shown below.
Byte Full Speed High Speed Field Name Description
0 0x12 0x12 bLength 18 Bytes
1 0x01 0x01 bDescriptorType DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR
2,3 0 x0200 0x0200 bcdUSB USB specification 2.0
4 0x09 0x09 bDeviceClass HUB
5 0x00 0x00 bDeviceSubClass None
6 0x00 0x02 bDeviceProtocol None
7 0x40 0x40 bMaxPacketSize0 64 bytes
8,9 0x04B4 0xx04B4 wIdVendor VID (overwritten by what is defined in EEPROM)
10,11 0x6560 0x6560 wIdProduct PID (overwritten by what is defined in EEPROM)
Document #: 38-08019 Rev. *H Page 7 of 21
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