Crown Audio D-75A, D-45 User Manual
D Series
Operation Manual
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Obtaining Other Language Versions:
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To obtain information in another language about the use of this product, please contact your
local Crown Distributor. If you need assistance locating your local distributor, please contact Crown at 574-294-8000.
This manual does not include all of the details of design, production, or variations of the equipment. Nor does it cover every possible
situation which may arise during installation, operation or maintenance.
The information provided in this manual was deemed accurate as of the publication date. However, updates to this information may have
occurred. To obtain the latest version of this manual, please visit the Crown website at www.crownaudio.com.
Trademark Notice:
Crown, Amcron and IOC are registered trademarks of Crown International. Other trademarks are the property of
their respective owners.
D-45
D-75A
Some models may be exported under the name Amcron.
®
©2003 by Crown Audio Inc., P.O. Box 1000, Elkhart, Indiana 46515-1000 U.S.A. Telephone: 574-294-8000
125243-6
2/03
Important Safety
Instructions
D Series Power Amplifiers
1) Read these instructions.
2) Keep these instructions.
3) Heed all warnings.
4) Follow all instructions.
5) Do not use this apparatus near water.
6) Clean only with a dry cloth.
7) Do not block any ventilation openings. Install
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
8) Do not install near any heat sources such as
radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other
apparatus that produce heat.
9) Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug
has two blades with one wider than the other.
A grounding-type plug has two blades and a
third grounding prong. The wide blade or the
third prong is provided for your safety. If the
provided plug does not fit into your outlet,
consult an electrician for replacement of the
obsolete outlet.
10) Protect the power cord from being walked on
or pinched, particularly at plugs, convenience
receptacles, and the point where they exit from
the apparatus.
11) Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.
12) Use only with a cart, stand, bracket, or table
specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the
apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution
when moving the cart/apparatus combination
to avoid injury from tip-over.
13) Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.
14) Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing is required when the apparatus
has been damaged in any way, such as powersupply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has
been spilled or objects have fallen into the
apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to
rain or moisture, does not operate normally,
or has been dropped.
15) To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this apparatus to rain or moisture.
TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK DO NOT REMOVE
TOP OR BOTTOM COVERS. NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO
QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.
À PRÉVENIR LE CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE N’ENLEVEZ
PAS LES COUVERCLES. IL N’Y A PAS DES PARTIES SERVICEABLE À L’INTÉRIEUR. TOUS REPARATIONS DOIT ETRE FAIRE PAR PERSONNEL
QUALIFIÉ SEULMENT.
IMPORTANT
D Series amplifiers require Class 2 output wiring.
MAGNETIC FIELD
CAUTION! Do not locate sensitive high-gain equipment such as preamplifiers or tape decks directly
above or below the unit. Because this amplifier has
a high power density, it has a strong magnetic field
which can induce hum into unshielded devices that
are located nearby. The field is strongest just above
and below the unit.
If an equipment rack is used, we recommend locating the amplifier(s) in the bottom of the rack and the
preamplifier or other sensitive equipment at the top.
WATCH FOR THESE SYMBOLS:
The lightning bolt triangle is used to alert the user
to the risk of electric shock.
The exclamation point triangle is used to alert the
user to important operating or maintenance instructions.
FCC COMPLIANCE NOTICE
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used
in accordance with the operation manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
page 2
Operation Manual
D Series Power Amplifiers
Crown International, Inc.
Issued By: Crown International, Inc.
1718 W. Mishawaka Road
Elkhart, Indiana 46517 U.S.A.
European Representative’s Name and Address:
Nick Owen
19 Clos Nant Coslech
Pontprennau
Cardiff
CF23 8ND United Kingdom
Equipment Type: Commercial Audio Power Amplifiers
Family Name: D Family
Model Names: D-45, D-75A
EMC Standards:
EN 55103-1:1995 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 1: Emissions
EN 55103-1:1995 Magnetic Field Emissions-Annex A @ 10 cm and 1 M
EN 61000-3-2:1995+A14:2000 Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions (equipment input current 16A per phase)
EN 61000-3-3:1995 Limitation of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker in Low-Voltage Supply Systems Rated Current 16A
EN 55022:1992 + A1: 1995 & A2:1997 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance Characteristics of ITE: Radiated, Class B Limits; Conducted, Class B
EN 55103-2:1996 Electromagnetic Compatibility - Product Family Standard for Audio, Video, Audio-Visual and Entertainment Lighting Control Apparatus for Professional Use, Part 2: Immunity
EN 61000-4-2:1995 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity (Environment E2-Criteria B, 4k V Contact, 8k V Air Discharge)
EN 61000-4-3:1996 Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Immunity (Environment E2, Criteria A)
EN 61000-4-4:1995 Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity (Criteria B)
EN 61000-4-5:1995 Surge Immunity (Criteria B)
EN 61000-4-6:1996 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields (Criteria A)
EN 61000-4-11:1994 Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variation
Safety Standard:
EN 60065: 1998 Safety Requirements - Audio Video and Similar Electronic Apparatus
DECLARATION of CONFORMITY
Sue Whitfield
574-294-8289
swhitfield@crownintl.com
I certify that the product identified above conforms to the requirements of the EMC Council Directive 89/336/EEC as amended by 92/31/EEC, and the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EES as amended by 93/68/EEC.
Signed
Larry Coburn
Title: Senior Vice President of Manufacturing
Operation Manual
DUE TO LINE CURRENT HARMONICS, WE RECOMMEND THAT YOU CONTACT YOUR SUPPLY AUTHORITY BEFORE CONNECTION.
Date of Issue: January 1, 2001
page 3
Table of Contents
D Series Power Amplifiers
Important Safety Instructions .......................................................2
Declaration of Conformity ...........................................................3
1 Welcome ..................................................... 5
1.1 Features ...........................................................................5
1.2 How to Use This Manual ..................................................5
2 Setup ......................................................... 6
2.1 Unpack Your Amplifier......................................................6
2.2 Install Your Amplifier .......................................................6
2.3 Ensure Proper Cooling ....................................................6
2.4 Choose Input Wire and Connectors .................................7
2.5 Choose Output Wire and Connectors ...............................7
2.6 Wire Your System ............................................................8
2.6.1 Dual Mode ..............................................................8
2.6.2 Bridge-Mono Mode ................................................8
2.7 Connect to AC Mains .......................................................9
2.7.1 AC Mains Voltage Configuration ............................9
2.8 Startup Procedure ............................................................9
3 Operation .................................................... 10
3.1 Precautions ......................................................................10
3.2 Controls, Indicators and Connectors ...............................11
3.3 Indicators ........................................................................12
3.4 Controls ..........................................................................12
3.5 Fuse Replacement ...........................................................12
4 Advanced Features and Options ......................... 13
4.1 Protection ......................................................................13
4.2 Options ...........................................................................13
4.2.1 Bridge-Mono Option ..............................................13
4.2.2 Input-Sensitivity Option ..........................................13
5 Troubleshooting ............................................ 14
6 Specifications .............................................. 15
7 Service ....................................................... 17
7.1 Worldwide Service ...........................................................17
7.2 US and Canada Service ...................................................17
7.2.1 Service at a US or Canada Service Center ..............17
7.2.2 Factory Service .......................................................17
7.2.3 Factory Service Shipping Instructions.....................17
8 Warranty ..................................................... 18
Crown Factory Service Information Form ....................................21
page 4
Operation Manual
D Series Power Amplifiers
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1 Welcome
Reliability is the first thing you get with your
purchase of a Crown power amplifier. The D-45
and D-75A both deliver dependable operation
with a wide variety of loads. Because of their
exceptional reliability, these amplifiers have
become the leading choice of professionals for
use in recording studios, laboratories and public facilities. You can even find them on the
road. Their sonic excellence also makes them a
very good choice for your personal listening
pleasure.
The D-45 and D-75A amplifiers are compact
and provide ultra-low distortion for medium
power applications. Crown’s advanced AB+B
circuitry ensures efficient operation and protects against shorted, open, mismatched or
low-impedance loads that can affect any amplifier’s performance.
Modern power amplifiers are sophisticated
pieces of engineering capable of producing
extremely high power levels. They must be
treated with respect and correctly installed if
they are to provide the many years of reliable
service for which they were designed.
In addition, D Series amplifiers include a number of features which require some explanation
before they can be used to their maximum
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Please take the time to study this manual so
that you can obtain the best possible service
from your amplifier.
1.1 Features
Your dual-channel (stereo) amplifier can
optionally be configured to deliver double the
power from a single (mono) channel. It also
provides the following features:
• Powerful AB+B class circuitry yields maximum efficiency with minimum crossover
“notch” distortion.
®
• IOC
(Input/Output Comparator) alerts of
any distortion that exceeds 0.05% to provide proof of distortion-free performance.
• Signal presence indicators verify the presence of amplifier output.
• Detented level controls for precise repeatability.
• Ultra-low harmonic and intermodulation
distortion result in the best dynamic transfer function in the industry.
OFF ON
• Mounts in a standard 19-inch (48.3-cm)
rack.
• Front-panel headphone jack.
• Three Year, No-Fault, Fully-Transferable
Warranty completely protects your investment and guarantees its specifications.
1.2 How to Use This Manual
This manual provides you with the necessary
information to safely and correctly setup and
operate your amplifier. It does not cover every
aspect of installation, setup or operation that
might occur under every condition. For additional information, please consult Crown’s
Amplifier Application Guide (available online at
www.crownaudio.com), Crown Technical Support, your system installer or retailer.
We strongly recommend you read all instructions, warnings and cautions contained in this
manual. Also, for your protection, please send
in your warranty registration card today. And
save your bill of sale — it’s your official proof
of purchase.
• Very low noise and wide dynamic range.
• High damping factor provides exceptional
loudspeaker motion control.
• Convection cooling system eliminates fan
noise and maintenance.
advantage.
Operation Manual
page 5
2 Setup
D Series Power Amplifiers
2.1 Unpack Your Amplifier
Please unpack and inspect your amplifier for any
damage that may have occurred during transit. If
damage is found, notify the transportation company
immediately. Only you can initiate a claim for shipping damage. Crown will be happy to help as
needed. Save the shipping carton as evidence of
damage for the shipper’s inspection.
We also recommend that you save all packing materials so you will have them if you ever need to transport the unit. Never ship the unit without the
factory pack.
YOU WILL NEED (not supplied):
• Input wiring cables
• Output wiring cables
Rack for mounting amplifier (or a stable surface for
stacking)
WARNING: Before you start to set up your
amplifier, make sure you read and observe
the Important Safety Instructions found at
the beginning of this
manual.
2.2 Install Your Amplifier
CAUTION: Before you begin, make sure your
amplifier is disconnected from the power
source, with the power switch in the “off”
position and all level controls turned completely down (counterclockwise).
Use a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment rack
(EIA RS-310B). See Figure 2.1 for amplifier dimensions.
You may also stack amps without using a
cabinet.
NOTE: When transporting, amplifiers should be
supported at the front.
2.3 Ensure Proper Cooling
When using an equipment rack, do not mount units
directly on top of each other. Allow some air space
between units for convection cooling. The side
walls of the rack should be a minimum of two
inches (5.1 cm) away from the amplifier sides, and
the back of the rack should be a minimum of four
inches (10.2 cm) from the amplifier back panel.
Figure 2.2 illustrates D Series amplifier
installation.
page 6
Figure 2.2 Installation
Figure 2.1 D-45 and D-75A Dimensions
Operation Manual
D Series Power Amplifiers
2 Setup
2.4 Choose Input Wire and Connectors
Figure 2.3 shows connector pin assignments for
balanced wiring, and Figure 2.4 shows connector pin assignments for unbalanced wiring.
NOTE: Custom wiring should only be performed by qualified personnel.
2.5 Choose Output Wire and Connectors
Crown recommends using professionally constructed, highquality, two- or four-conductor, heavy gauge
speaker wire and connectors. You may use terminal forks or bare wire for your output connectors (see Figure 2.5). To prevent the possibility
of short-circuits, wrap or otherwise insulate
exposed loudspeaker cable and connectors.
Using the guidelines below, select the appropriate size of wire based on the distance from
amplifier to speaker.
Distance Wire Size
up to 25 ft. 16 AWG
26-40 ft. 14 AWG 41-60 ft. 12 AWG
Over 60 ft. 10 AWG
CAUTION: Never use shielded cable for
output wiring.
Figure 2.3 Balanced
Input Connector
Wiring
Figure 2.4 Unbalanced
Input Connector
Wiring
Figure 2.5 Output Connector Wiring
Operation Manual
page 7
2 Setup
D Series Power Amplifiers
2.6 Wire Your System
2.6.1 Dual Mode
Typical input and output wiring is shown in Figure 2.6.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring for each channel.
OUTPUTS: Maintain proper polarity (+/-) on output connec-
tors.
Connect Channel 1 positive (+) speaker load to Channel 1
positive terminal of amp; repeat for negative (-). Repeat each
channel wiring as for Channel 1. Refer to Section 2.5 for output connector pin assignments.
2.6.2 Bridge-Mono Mode
Your amplifier is factory-configured for dual (stereo) operation. As an option, the unit can be configured for higher
power, single-channel, bridge-mono mode by an authorized
Crown Service Center. To prevent damage to the
amplifier, do not operate the unit in bridge-mono
mode without the Service Center modification.
Typical input and output wiring is shown in Figure 2.7.
INPUTS: Connect input wiring only to CH 1.
OUTPUTS: Connect the speaker across the positive output
terminals. Do not use the negative terminals when the amplifier is being operated in Bridge-Mono mode.
NOTE: Crown provides a reference of wiring pin assignments for commonly used connector types in the Crown
Amplifier Application Guide available at www.crownaudio.com.
NOTE: When operating in Bridge-Mono mode, turn
down (full CCW) the CH 2 level control. The CH 1
level control works both channels.
If your loudspeakers don’t need the additional voltage, and you only have one input signal to drive multiple loudspeakers, you can use bridge-mono mode
without actually bridging the outputs. Bridge-mono
mode is like dual mode except the channel 1 input
feeds both outputs, and the channel 2 output is
inverted. To use bridge-mono mode without bridging
the outputs, wire your loudspeakers as you would for
dual mode, but invert the polarity of the channel 2
output wiring (positive goes to negative, and negative
goes to positive).
Figure 2.6 System Wiring for Dual Mode
Do not wire the amplifier in bridge-mono
mode without having it modified by an
authorized Crown Service Center.
Figure 2.7
System Wiring
for Bridge-Mono
Mode
page 8
Operation Manual
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