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This document, as well as the software described in it, is furnished under
license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of
the license. The content of this User Guide is furnished for informational
use only, it is subject to change without notice, and it does not represent a
commitment on the part of Corinex Communications Corp.
Corinex Communications Corp. assumes no responsibility or liability for
any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document.
It is our policy to enhance our products as new technologies, hardware
components, software and firmware become available; therefore, the
information contained in this document is subject to change without
notice.
Some features, functions, and operations described in this document
may not be included and sold in certain countries due to government
regulations or marketing policies.
The use of the product or its features described in this document may be
restricted or regulated by law in some countries. If you are unsure which
restrictions or regulations apply, you should consult your regional Corinex
office or the authorized reseller.
Published by:
Corinex Communications Corp.
World Trade Center
404-999 Canada Place
Vancouver, B.C.
Canada V6C 3E2
Tel:+1-604-692 0520
Fax: +1 - 604 - 694 0061
Corinex is a registered trademark of Corinex Communications Corp.
Apple, MAC OS X are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Apple
Computer, Inc. in the U.S.A. and/or other countries.
Microsoft, MS-DOS, MS, Windows are either registered trademarks or
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S.A. and/or other countries.
All products or company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks
of their respective owners.
Copyright (c) 2001-2003 by Corinex Communications Corp.
1
Copyright
Corinex Powerline Router User Guide
2003-09-29 ver.1
Page 5
Content
Content ..................................................................................... 2
1 Introduction ........................................................................... 5
1.1 Powerline Routing Overview .............................................. 5
1.2 Router Features ................................................................ 6
Functional Specifications .................................................... 7
1.3 Package Content ............................................................. 10
This Package Includes ....................................................... 10
Enclosed CD Content ....................................................... 10
1.4 Minimum Requirements .................................................. 10
1.5 Physical Details ................................................................ 11
Front Panel ........................................................................ 11
LED Definition ................................................................... 11
Rear Panel ........................................................................ 12
Content of the Label on the Bottom of the Router ............ 13
Environmental Parameters ............................................... 14
Electrical Parameters ......................................................... 14
2 Installation Overview ........................................................... 15
2.1 Step 1: Connecting the Router ......................................... 16
2.2 Step 2: Configuring Computers ....................................... 17
Configuring Windows XP PCs ......................................... 18
Configuring Windows 98 and Millennium PCs ................. 21
Configuring Windows 2000 PCs ....................................... 23
Configuring Linux PCs ...................................................... 26
Fixed IP Address .............................................................. 31
Configuring Macintosh clients ........................................ 32
Configuring other clients ................................................ 34
2.3 Step 3 Configuring the Router .......................................... 35
E1. Dynamic .................................................................... 37
E2. Static ......................................................................... 38
E3. PPPoE ......................................................................... 39
E4. PPTP ........................................................................... 40
3 Router Configuration ........................................................... 41
3.1 Overview ........................................................................... 41
3.2 Password Entry ................................................................ 42
3.3 Home Tabs ...................................................................... 43
Status .............................................................................. 43
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Help .................................................................................. 44
3.4 LAN Tabs ........................................................................... 45
LAN Settings .................................................................... 45
DHCP Client ..................................................................... 46
3.5 WAN tabs ......................................................................... 47
Connection Type ............................................................... 47
DNS .................................................................................. 47
MAC address ..................................................................... 48
3.6 Powerline tabs .................................................................. 49
SNMP Agent .................................................................... 49
Network Encryption Key .................................................... 50
Powerline Statistics ........................................................... 51
Priority Settings ................................................................ 52
3.7 Advanced Settings ............................................................ 53
Firewall ............................................................................ 53
Virtual Servers .................................................................. 54
Client IP Filters ................................................................... 55
MAC Address Filtering ....................................................... 56
Block Sites ......................................................................... 57
DMZ ................................................................................. 58
WAN Ping blocking .......................................................... 59
Security log ...................................................................... 60
3.8 Utilities ............................................................................. 60
Restart Router .................................................................. 60
Restore factory defaults .................................................. 61
Save/Backup Current Settings ............................................ 62
Restore Previous Settings ................................................ 63
Firmware Update .............................................................. 65
System Settings ................................................................ 67
3.9 Powerline Setup through the Ethernet Interface
using Corinex Setup Tool ................................................. 68
Installing the Setup Tool ................................................... 70
Running the Setup Tool ..................................................... 72
3.10 Setup of Router SNMP Powerline Agent
on the OPM Management Station ................................... 75
Adding a Local Network ................................................... 76
Adding a Powerline Network ............................................. 77
Adding a Powerline Device ................................................ 78
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4 Appendix A: Troubleshooting .............................................. 83
4.1 Corinex Product Support .................................................. 83
4.2 Troubleshooting Guide ..................................................... 83
4.3 CAPPP ............................................................................... 85
5 Appendix B: Glossary ............................................................. 86
6 Appendix C: How to Ping your ISP’s E-mail
and Web addresses .............................................................. 99
6.1 Step One: Pinging an IP Address ...................................... 99
6.2 Step Two: Pinging for a Web Address .............................. 100
7 Appendix D: Finding the MAC address and
IP address of your computer´s Ethernet Adapter .............. 102
7.1 For Windows 95, 98 and Me ........................................... 102
7.2 For Windows NT, 2000 and XP ...................................... 103
7.3 For Linux PC .................................................................... 104
7.4 For Macintosh OS X computer ........................................ 105
Index ...................................................................................... 107
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Introduction
Congratulations! Thank you for choosing the Corinex Powerline Router.
The Router allows you to set up a home or small business network to
share your high-speed Internet connection using either Ethernet cabling or
Powerline connection.
1.1 Powerline Routing Overview
The Corinex Powerline Router provides a convenient Internet access and
distribution capability for broadband service providers and users alike,
using any incoming high speed signal, whether by A/DSL, cable, satellite or
fiber optics as access and the existing electrical wires as distribution media.
This product enables multiple users in small to medium size offices
and homes to share one broadband account and experience a high
speed networking capability for data, voice, audio and video, without
pulling new wires. The embedded Network Address Translation (NAT)
feature enables the usage of a private set of IP addresses, which the Router
translates into a single public IP address. The Router can also act as a DHCP
server by automatically allocating a dynamic IP address to each piece of
equipment, which connects by a communications port, like Ethernet, USB,
PCI or 802.11b to the network. The Router has three LAN, one WAN 10/
100M Ethernet and one powerline port. The Router can act as the "bridge"
between the access side of the network and its specific wire requirements
and the distribution side of the network, which uses the existing electrical
wires to move the signals to every electrical outlet and makes those signals
available to wired or portable devices. The Corinex Powerline Router
supports the entirely new Corinex Powerline and CableLAN product family,
which consists of:
• Corinex Powerline Ethernet Adapter
• Corinex Powerline USB Adapter
• Corinex Ethernet Wall Mount
• Corinex CableLAN Adapter
• Corinex Wireless to Powerline Access Point
The Router‘s connection to the electrical wires (powerline) is based upon
the HomePlug 1.0.1 industry standard. This standard warrants a robust
and reliable performance for all devices that have passed the HomePlug
certification test and are connected to the network. The reliability is made
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Introduction / Powerline routing overview
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possible by the use of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
(OFDM) technology. This multi-carrier modulation scheme allows devices
to dynamically "surf the channel" – instantly shifting data from one carrier
to another, looking for the least noise affected carrier to bring the signal
to its destination.
All Corinex Powerline and CableLAN products have been optimized for
low-latency, high-reliability networking applications and use the HomePlug
1.0.1 certified powerline networking technology, which supports data rates
up to 14 Mbps. The Corinex Powerline Router also fully complies with the
IEEE 802.3 and 802.3u 10/100M standard and offers static and dynamic
IP routing mode operation, NAT, DHCP and IP filtering functionality. The
Router supports a wide range of communications protocols and works
seamlessly with all major access technologies, including A/DSL and Cable
modems with PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet) and/or Microsoft Peer-to-Peer
Tunneling Protocol (PPTP), as well as "Direct Connection" type service. The
Corinex Powerline Router has advanced firewalling features, which protect
home/SOHO networks from unwanted access. Corinex Powerline Router
uses 56-bit DES Encryption with key management for secured powerline
communications applications.
End user equipment which uses Corinex adapters to conect to the network
can run on Windows 98/ME/2000/NT/XP, Linux and MAC operating systems
and use the full range of the Routers networking features.
1.2 Router Features
The Corinex Powerline Router contains an HTTP server with web
configurable SNMP powerline agent. This enables you to connect to it, and
configure it, using your web browser. Every Corinex Powerline, CableLAN
and Wireless product, no matter where it is located in the network, can
be managed by the Corinex Open Powerline Management software or by
using a web browser. Corinex offers a one-stop-shop experience and offers
this for networking solutions in homes, apartments, condominiums, small
to medium size offices, schools, hospitals, hotels, conference centers or
shopping malls.
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Functional Specifications
Standard support IEEE802.3, IEEE802.3u, HomePlug v. 1.0.1
Protocol support
Protocol RFC # RFC Status STD #
TCP 793 Standard 5
IP 791 Standard 7
DNS (Relay) 1034, 1035 Standard 13
ARP 826 Standard 37
UDP 768 Standard 6
ICMP 792 Standard 5
PPP 1661 Standard 51
RIP II 2453 Standard 56
RIP I 1058 Historic
TFTP 1350 Standard 33
CHAP/PAP 1994
Draft
Standard
NTP 1305
Draft
Standard
DHCP 2131
Draft
Standard
NAT 2766
Proposed
Standard
PPPoE 2516 Informational
PPTP 2637 Informational
HTTP 2616
Draft
Standard
IP Routing (Static
Route)
WAN Interface One 10/100Mbps Ethernet RJ-45 at MDI-X
LAN Interface
1. Three 10/100Mbps Ethernet RJ-45 ports at MDI
2. One DC power connector for both powerline
networking and power supply
Cable
1. Use standard straight-through RJ-45 cable for both
LAN & WAN
2. Power Cord to external power supply 6.5VDC, 1A
with four different plugs – Euro, US, AUS and UK
(110V or 230V)
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Diagnostics LEDs
Per Unit:
Test
WAN:
Link/Activity
Ethernet LAN:
Link/Activity
10/100M
Powerline LAN:
Powerline Link
Powerline Activity
Security/Firewall
- NAT Firewall
- DMZ host (up to 8)
- Security log
- SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) and DoS (Denial of
Service)
- IP Spoofing
- Land Attack
- Ping of Death
- IP with zero length
- Smurf Attack
- TCP null scan
- SYN flood
- UDP flooding
- Fragment flooding
- Able to block Java/ActiveX/Cookie
NAT
Multimedia Application Support (Support for following
list)
- Netmeeting / H.323
- Games – such as Quake, Half-Life, Starcraft, Unreal
Tournament, Diablo II, ...
- mIRC, ICQ, Instant Messenger, RealPlayer, VDOLive,
QuickTime, MS Messenger
- Virtual Server (up to 32)
- Customer Port Forwarding and Public/Private Port
Translation
- Port Range Forwarding
- Server Wan Loopback (Access LAN Server by Wan IP)
- Disable/Enable Wan Ping
PPPoE
- Dial on demand. Supports dial/hang-up manually
- Idle Timer Setting
- Configurable MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit)
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PPTP Microsoft PPTP Client
DHCP
- WAN: DHCP Client
- LAN: DHCP Server. Assign IP by range (1~254)
- Adjustable DHCP IP range
- IP Address Reservation
- Display DHCP Table (Computer Name, IP Address,
MAC Address)
- Manual Refresh
VPN Support
Client and server pass-through
- Microsoft PPTP
- IPSec
- L2TP
Advanced
Features
- LAN IP Address Filter
- WAN IP Port Filter
- Filter by both LAN IP and Port Number
- Content Filter: URL Blocking
- User Define Prohibited and allowed URLs
- Access Filtering (Block by Service, IP range, MAC,
time of day according to service, up to 32 entries)
- Static Route (up to 32 entries)
- MAC Address Clone
- DNS Proxy
- UPnP Nat Transversal
- E-mail Alerts
- Save/Restore Configuration
- Logging
Management of
Device
- Web-based configuration via popular browser (MS
IE, Netscape…)
- Support WAN Administration
- Firmware download and upgrade via
ü TFTP server
ü Web server
- Load Factory Default setting via Web server or
hardware button
- System log via Web
- NEK password setting
- Discovery of other Powerlines
- Powerline statistics
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Performance
(Throughput
in packets per
second)
16Mbps for Ethernet
14Mbps for Powerline
Power External Power Supply 6.5VDC, 1A
Dimensions
(W x D x L):
148.01mm x 106.47mm x 51.62mm
1.3 Package Content
This Package Includes:
• Corinex Powerline Router
• Installation CD-ROM (including Corinex Powerline Router User Guide)
• AC Power Adapter
• Ethernet cable (RJ-45)
• Quick Start Guide
As we are constantly innovating our products, it can happen that we have
newer versions of software tools included on the installation CD. If you
want to check (and download) the latest versions of software for your
Corinex product, go to www.corinex.com/download
Enclosed CD Content:
- Corinex Powerline Router Quick Start Guide
- Corinex Powerline Router User Guide (this document)
- Setup Tool for Windows, MAC OS X and Linux
- Acrobat Reader
1.4 Minimum Requirements
• IBM Compatible PC or Macintosh computer (needed for initial
configuration of the Router)
• AC 220/110 V power outlet
• Broadband Connection (DSL, Cable) or Internet device with 10/100
Ethernet connection
• Powerline and/or Ethernet connection for each computer
• Windows 98/ME/2000/NT/XP, Mac OS X or Linux operating system for
computers sharing the Internet connection
• Web browser supporting JavaScript for the Router management
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Fig.1.1 Corinex Powerline Router
Front Panel
Fig.1.2 Corinex Powerline Router Front Scheme
LED Definition:
System
TEST: Yellow Lights up for a short time when the device
is turned on.
WAN
LINK: Green On: Link
Blinking: receiving/transmitting data
LAN
LINK /ACT: Green On: Link
Blinking: receiving/transmitting data
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10/100M: Green Off: Link at 10Mbps
On: Link at 100Mbps
Powerline
LINK: Green
On: Good Link to the Powerline
network
Off: No Link
ACT: Yellow
Off: No data transmitted to Powerline
Blinking: receiving/transmitting data
Rear Panel
Fig.1.3 Corinex Powerline Router Back Scheme
Reset Switch:
- Push = reboot
- Hold 10 seconds = reset to default settings
LAN Ports
For linking computers or other Ethernet devices, e.g. a hub/switch
WAN Port
For linking to the Ethernet port of a cable/DSL modem
Power Inlet
The device is equipped with external power supply. It serves the both:
powerline network connection and power supply.
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Content of the Label on the Bottom of the Router
Here you can confirm the voltage and current values for your Router. You
can also read all 3 MAC Addresses (WAN, LAN, PLC) and serial number (SN),
as well as the network Password required for remote powerline password
change as defined in the Corinex Open Powerline Management Software.
US version of the label:
Fig.1.4 Corinex Powerline Router Safety Label for US & CAN
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EU, UK and Australian version of the label:
Fig.1.5 Corinex Powerline Router Safety Label for UK, EU & AUS
Environmental Parameters
Operating
Operating Temperature: 0~40˚C (32~104ºF)
Relative Humidity: 10%~90% non-condensing
Storage
Temperature: -25~75˚C (-13~167ºF)
Relevant Humidity: 0%~95% non-condensing
Altitude: Sea level to 40,000 feet
Electrical Parameters
AC Power
Input Voltage: External Power Supply 6.5VDC, 1A with
four different Plugs USA, Europe, UK and AUS (100 – 130 V for
the US and 210 - 240V for EU, UK, AUS)
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Line Frequency: 60/50Hz (USA / Europe, AUS)
Power Output to AP: 6.5VDC, 1A
2 Installation Overview
This part of the User Guide will assist you with your successful initial
installation and configuration of your Corinex Powerline Network and
help you with settings, which you need to configure for your Internet
connection to be shared through the Ethernet or Powerline medium.
Step 1: Connecting the Router – First you need to connect cables and
connect the Router both to the power and to the Internet connection; and,
optionally to your Ethernet connected computers.
Step 2: Connecting the Computers – Then you will need to connect the
computers to the Router, in order to be able to configure the settings of
the Router. These steps differ between Ethernet and Powerline connection
and also it differs between different sorts of operating systems and
computers.
Step 3: Configuring the Router – The last step required is to configure
your Corinex Powerline Router settings according to your Internet
connection.
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Instalation Overview
Corinex Powerline Router User Guide
Fig.2.1 Corinex Powerline Network Installation Example
Page 19
2.1 Step 1: Connecting the Router
In this Step, you will connect the Corinex Powerline Router to your Internet
connection (cable or DSL modem) and to the computers in your home or
business sharing the Internet connection
A. Connect your Internet connection (cable or DSL modem) to its proper
connector—the coaxial jack for cable, or the phone jack for DSL (follow the
instructions from your cable or DSL modem’s installation guide).
B. Use the Ethernet cable that had been supplied as part of the shipment
of your Corinex Powerline Router. Connect this Ethernet cable from the
LAN or Ethernet port of the Internet connection (cable or DSL modem) to
the WAN port of the Corinex Powerline Router.
C. If you have the Ethernet connected computer, proceed to C1, if you have
the Powerline connected computer proceed to C2
C1. Use the Ethernet cable that had been used to connect your Internet
connection (cable or DSL modem) to your computer. Connect this Ethernet
cable to your computer’s Ethernet adapter. Connect the other end of the
cable to the LAN port on the back of the Corinex Powerline Router.
Note: If your Computer’s Ethernet adapter is not set up, please refer to
the Ethernet adapter’s user guide for more information.
C2. Connect the AC power adapter to the Router. Connect the AC power
adapter to the electrical outlet. Use only the power adapter supplied
with the Router. Use of a different adapter may result in product
damage!
Note: If you want to use your Corinex Powerline Router to share your
Internet connection also for Powerline connected computers, then this
electrical outlet will be used for communication with other powerline
connected computers.
Turn on the Internet connection (cable or DSL modem). Then turn on the
computer you wish to use to configure the Router.
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2.2 Step 2: Configuring Computers
The instructions in this chapter will help you to configure each of your
computers to be able to communicate with the Corinex Powerline Router.
This process differs between Ethernet connected computers and Powerline
connected computers, and also differs between different operating
systems.
If you have an Ethernet connected computer, proceed to B, if you have a
Powerline connected computer proceed to A.
A. We advise you to read and use the Manual of your Powerline Adapter
to establish a Powerline connection between the Corinex Powerline Router
and the Powerline Adapter. Use the default Powerline (NEK) password
"HomePlug", as this is the factory default password setting for the Corinex
Powerline Router. When you are using the Corinex Setup Tool to configure
your powerline adapter, you can check, whether your Adapter has a
powerline connection to the Corinex Powerline Router by searching in the
last window of the Corinex Setup Tool for the MAC address of the Router.
You will find the MAC address of your Corinex Powerline Router on the
label on the bottom of the Router’s plastic cover (MAC PLC/SN). Proceed
to B.
Fig.2.2 Corinex Setup Tool
B. Next you will need to configure your TCP/IP settings so that your
computer will obtain an IP (or TCP/IP) address automatically (called DHCP).
Computers use IP addresses to communicate with each other across a
network or the Internet.
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Find out which operating system your computer is running, such as
Windows 95, 98, Millennium, 2000, XP, Linux or Macintosh OS or other
operating system. Then follow the instructions for configuring the TCP/IP
networking in the following section.
Configuring Windows XP PCs
1. Click the Start button, open the Control Panel. From there,
click the Network Connections icon and then the Network
Connections window appears.
2. Select the Local Area Connection icon for the applicable adapter
(Ethernet adapter, if you are Ethernet connected or Powerline
Adapter if you are powerline connected. It is usually the first
adapter listed). Double-click the Local Area Connection.
Fig.2.3 Local Area Connection Status
3. The Local Area Connection Status screen will appear. Click the
Properties button.
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4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click the Properties button.
Fig.2.4 Local Area Connection Properties
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5. Select Obtain an IP address automatically and click the OK
button. Click the OK button again (or the Close button if any
settings were changed) to complete the computer configuration.
Fig.2.5 Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties
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Configuring Windows 98 and Millennium PCs
1. Go to the Network screen by clicking the Start button. Click
Settings and then Control Panel. From there, double-click the
Network icon.
2. On the Configuration tab, select the TCP/IP line for the applicable
Ethernet adapter, as shown in Figure 2.6
Fig.2.6 Network
Do not choose a TCP/IP entry whose name mentions DUN, PPPoE,
VPN, or AOL. If the word TCP/IP appears by itself, select that line.
(If there is no TCP/IP line listed, refer to "Appendix D: Installing the
TCP/IP Protocol" or your Ethernet adapter’s user guide to install
TCP/IP now). Click the Properties button.
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3. Click the IP Address tab and select Obtain an IP address
automatically, as shown in Figure 2.7
Fig.2.7 TCP/IP Properties
4. Now click the Gateway tab to ensure that the Installed Gateway
field is left blank. Click the OK button.
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Fig.2.8 TCP/IP Properties
5. Click the OK button again. Windows may ask you for the original
Windows installation disk or additional files. Supply them by
pointing to the correct file location, e.g., D:\win98, D:\win9x, c:
\windows\options\cabs, etc. (if "D" is the letter of your CD-ROM
drive).
6. Windows may ask you to restart your PC. Click the Yes button.
If Windows does not ask you to restart, restart your computer
anyway.
Configuring Windows 2000 PCs
1. Go to the Network screen by clicking the Start button. Click
Settings and then Control Panel. From there, double-click the
Network and Dial-up Connections icon.
2. Select the Network and Dial-up Connections icon for the
applicable Ethernet adapter (usually it is the first Local Area
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Connection listed). Do not choose a TCP/IP entry whose name
mentions DUN, PPPoE, VPN, or AOL. Double click the Local Area
Connection.
3. The Local Area Connection Status screen will appear, as shown in
Figure 2.9. Click the Properties button.
Fig.2.9 Local Area Connection Status
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4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), as shown in Figure 2.10, and
click the Properties button.
Fig.2.10 Local Area Connection Properties
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5. Select Obtain an IP address automatically, as shown in Figure
2.11. and click the OK button. Click the OK button again to
complete the PC configuration.
Fig.2.11 Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties
6. Wait for a few seconds.
Configuring Linux PCs
To access the Internet via the Corinex Powerline Router, it is only necessary
to set the Corinex Powerline Router as the "Gateway". Setup differs
between various Linux distributions, we are giving the Mandrake as an
example, check your distribution, how to change IP settings.
Note: Ensure that you are logged in as "root" before attempting any
changes, or you will be asked for root login and password later during
configuration.
DHCP Client (recommended)
The procedure below may vary according to your version of Linux and
X windows shell.
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1. Start your X Windows Shell
Fig.2.12 Configuring Linux
2. Select Control Center (Fig. 2.12). If you are not logged as root,
the following screen will appear. Enter your root password.
Fig.2.13 Entering root Password
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3. The following screen (Fig. 2.14) will appear. Select Network &
Internet.
Fig.2.14 Configuring Linux Control Center
4. In the following screen (Fig. 2.15) select DrakConnect (for setting
up network & internet connection).
Fig.2.15 Configuring Linux Control Center
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5. Select the Interface entry for your Network card. Normally, this
will be called "eth0".
Fig.2.16 Configuring Linux Control Center
Selecting Network card
6. Click the Wizard button then on next dialogue (Fig.2.17) click on
the Next button.
Fig.2.17 Network Configuration Wizard
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7. Select LAN connection (Fig.2.18) and click on Next button.
Fig.2.18 Network Configuration Wizard
Choosing the Connection Type
8. On the next screen select Automatic IP. Click on the Next buttons
on all screen until you click Finish.
Fig.2.19 Network Configuration Wizard
Automatic IP selection
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Fixed IP Address
By default, most Linux installations use a fixed IP Address. If you wish to
continue using a fixed IP Address, make the following changes to your
configuration.
• Set your Default Gateway to the IP Address of the Corinex
Powerline Router.
• Ensure your DNS (Name Server) settings are correct.
Fig2.20 Network Configuration Wizard
Static IP address
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Configuring Macintosh clients
With Macintosh computers, the procedure is as follows:
1. Open the Network Control Panel in System Preferences.
Fig.2.21 System Preferences
2. Select Ethernet from the from pop-up menu.
Fig.2.22 Network
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3. Select Using DHCP from the TCP/IP tab, field Configure. The DHCP
Client ID field can be left blank.
Fig.2.23 Network TCP/IP Using DHCP
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4. Close the Network panel, saving your settings.
Note: If using manually assigned IP addresses instead of DHCP, the
required changes are:
• Set Router address field to the Corinex Powerline Router’s IP
address.
• Ensure your DNS settings are correct.
Fig.2.24 TCP/IP settings - Manually
Configuring other clients
For fixed IP Addresses:
Ensure the Gateway field for your network port is set to the IP address of
the Corinex Powerline Router
Ensure your DNS (Name Server) settings are correct.
For DHCP:
Ensure the TCP/IP address settings of your Network port are set to DHCP
or Automatic.
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2.3 Step 3: Configuring the Router
In this Step, you will configure the Corinex Powerline Router to
communicate with the Internet through your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). For this you will need the setup information provided by your
ISP. If you do not have this information already, you have to contact your
ISP before proceeding.
This information from your ISP was used to configure your computer for
Internet access. Because you are now sharing Internet access between
several computers, you will use this setup information from your ISP to
configure the Corinex Powerline Router instead of your computer.
Note: You only need to configure the Corinex Powerline Router only
once using the first computer you set up.
A. Open your web browser. (You can get an error message at this point.
Ignore it.) Enter http://192.168.1.1 in the web browser’s Address field.
Press the Enter key.
Fig.2.25 Http address field
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http://192.168.1.1
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B. Window requiring entering your password will appear. Enter password
in lowercase letters in the Password field (password is the default
password). Then, click the Submit button.
Fig.2.26 Login
C. The Router configuration screen will appear. Based on the setup
instructions from your ISP, you may need to provide the following
information into the Router.
Fig.2.27 Status info
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D. In the WAN tab, select Connection Type. The following screen will
appear.
Fig.2.28 WAN Connection type Selection
The Corinex Powerline Router supports four connection types: Dynamic
(Obtain IP address dynamically), Static, PPPoE, and PPTP. The setup will
differ according to the type of your Internet connection, instructions are
included here. Follow the instructions E1 for Dynamic, instructions E2 for
Static, instructions E3 for PPPoE and instructions E4 for PPTP connection
type.
E1. Dynamic
- Select Dynamic from the Connection Type screen.
- If your ISP gave you the Host Name information, enter it into the
Host Name field.
- Some ISPs require you to change your Routers MAC address into
your previously connected Ethernet card. Click on Change WAN
MAC Address in order to change it.
- Click on Apply button.
- Continue to F.
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Fig.2.29 Dynamic IP
E2. Static
- Select Static from the Connection Type screen.
- Enter the IP address, Subnet Mask and Gateway Address
according to the information provided to you through your ISP.
- If your ISP provided you with specific DNS settings you need to
change them by clicking Click here to enter your DNS Settings.
- Click on Submit button.
- Continue to F.
Fig.2.30 Static IP
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E3. PPPoE
- Select PPPoE from the Connection Type screen.
- Enter the User Name, Password, and Service Name (Optional)
according to the information provided to you through your ISP.
- You will need to enter the password twice, enter it into the field
Retype Password.
- Change the MTU only if your ISP specifically requires a different
setting than 1492. Then enter the required size in the MTU field.
- Optionally you can decide to be disconnected after period of
inactivity. Check the Disconnect checkbox and enter the number
of minutes after which you want to be disconnected from the
Internet in the minutes field.
- Click on Submit button.
- Continue to F.
Fig.2.31 PPPOE
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E4. PPTP
- Select PPTP from the Connection Type screen.
- Enter the PPTP Account, PPTP Password, Service IP Address,
My IP Address, My Subnet Mask, and optionally Connection ID
according to the information provided to you through your ISP.
- You will need to enter the password twice, enter it into the field
Retype PPTP Password.
- Optionally you can decide to be disconnected after period of
inactivity. Check the Disconnect checkbox and enter the number
of minutes after which you want to be disconnected from the
Internet in the minutes field.
- If your ISP provided you with specific DNS settings you need to
change them by clicking Click here to enter your DNS Settings.
- Click on Submit button.
Fig.2.32 PPTP
F. Reset the power on your Internet connection (cable or DSL modem).
G. Restart your computers so that they can obtain the Router’s new
settings.
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3 Router Configuration
3.1 Overview
For your convenience, use the Router’s web-based utility to administer it.
This chapter will explain all of the functions in this utility. The utility can
be accessed via Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator by the
use of a computer connected with an Ethernet cable to the Router (or a
computer connected by the powerline to the Router).
The Utility has a consistent design for all its screens. It consists of the screen
selection tabs on the left side of the screen and the display screen itself.
Fig.3.1 TABS and SCREEN
As you click on the selection tabs, different screens will appear.
For a network setup, most users only have to use the following tabs of the
utility:
• WAN / Connection Type. Enter the settings provided by your ISP.
• Utilities / System Settings / Password. The Router’s default password is
password. To secure the Router, change the Password from its default.
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TABS
SCREEN
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The LAN, WAN, Powerline, Advanced Settings and Utilities tabs are
available for setup of the Router. Each of these tabs groups have several
similar settings, of which you can choose to access display screens.
The display screen consists of one or more entry fields containing current
values of the settings. By changing these values you can configure the
Router. Most of the screens have a Submit (Query) button along with the
Reset button on the bottom of the screen. The Submit Query button will
enter the settings from the screen into the Router. The Reset button will
zero/blank all changes and then return your focus to the 1st or previous
filed on the screen.
3.2 Password Entry
To access the web-based utility of the Router, launch Internet Explorer or
Netscape Navigator, and enter the Router’s default IP address, 192.168.1.1,
in the Address field, as shown in Figure 3.2, and press Enter.
Fig.3.2 Http Address field
The login screen shown in Figure 2.26 will pop up. Enter password the
Password field. Then click the Submit button.
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http://192.168.1.1
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3.3 Home Tabs
Status
Select the Status tab from the Home tabs. The following screen will
appear:
Fig.3.3 Status
Version Info displays the information about the firmware revision of
the Router. This information can be valuable, when contacting Corinex
technical support. LAN Settings give you an overview of the settings of
your LAN configuration. Internet Settings inform you about Internet
settings entered, or received from the network. Features inform you about
which features are enabled (NAT, Firewall).
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Help
Select the Help tab from the Home tabs. The following screen will appear:
Fig.3.4 Help
This is a help system online for your convenience. You can scroll down until
you find the explanation of the term you are interested in, or you can click
on top pointer to reach the top of the help system page.
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3.4 LAN Tabs
LAN Settings
Select the LAN Settings tab from the LAN tabs. The following screen will
appear:
Fig.3.5 LAN Settings
In this screen you can change the settings of your local area network. In
the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields you can change the IP address of
the LAN interface of your Router. The default value is 192.168.2.1, mask
255.255.255.0.
You can also switch on/off the DHCP server in the DHCP server field. Using
the IP Pool Starting address and IP Pool Ending address you can change
the values of the IP addresses assigned to the DHCP clients.
The DHCP address assignment can expire if the address is not used. This
value can be changed in the Lease time field. You can make changes from
a range of values:
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Fig.3.6 DHCP Lease time
The Local Domain Name feature lets you assign a name to your network.
You can enter the name of your domain in the Local Domain Name field.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
DHCP Client
Select the DHCP Client tab from the LAN tabs. The following screen will
appear:
Fig.3.7 DHCP Client
This page shows you the IP Address, Host Name and MAC Address of
each computer that is connected to your network. If the computer does
not have a host name specified, then the Host Name field will be blank.
Pressing Refresh will update the list.
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3.5 WAN tabs
Connection Type
Connection Type is explained in detail in chapter 2.9 (Installation
Overview-Step 3).
DNS
Select the DNS tab from the WAN tabs. The following screen will appear:
Fig.3.8 DNS
If your ISP provided you with a specific DNS address to use, enter the
addresses in the DNS Address and Secondary DNS Address fields. If you
don’t have any specific DNS address from your provider, select Automatic
from ISP field.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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MAC address
Select the MAC Address tab from the WAN tabs. The following screen will
appear:
Fig.3.9 WAN MAC address
Some ISPs require that you clone (copy) the MAC address of your
computer’s network card into the Router. If you are not sure then simply
clone the MAC address of the computer that was originally connected to
the modem before installing the Router. Cloning your MAC address will not
cause any problems with your network. Refer to the Appendix D, on how
to find an Ethernet address of your adapter for your computer.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query or Clone button.
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3.6 Powerline Tabs
SNMP Agent
Select the SNMP Agent tab from the Powerline tabs. The following screen
will appear:
Fig.3.10 SNMP Agent
You can enable the SNMP Agent for the SNMP management software
(like the Corinex Open Powerline Management Software), by checking
the SNMP Agent Enabled checkbox. Then you can change the Read
Community and Write Community strings in the corresponding fields.
Default values are public and netman, and we are recommending you to
change them, as they are well known and enable others to configure your
Router from other computers. If you want to manage your Router from the
WAN port, you have to check the Enable SNMP for WAN checkbox.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Accept button.
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Network Encryption Key
Select the Network Encryption Key tab from the Powerline tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.11 Network Encryption Key
The Corinex Powerline Router is configured to work seamlessly with other
Corinex Powerline products right out of the box.
All Powerline devices must use the same powerline password, if they
should communicate together over powerline.
If the passwords are not the same, reconfigure the devices to ensure that
all devices have the same passwords.
Note: For Corinex Powerline Router, the default Network Encryption
Key is "HomePlug". The 56-bit DES encryption is always enabled for
Powerline data security as default.
This screen enables you to change the powerline password settings of the
embedded powerline adapter in the Router. You can choose which adapter
you want to configure in the Local Powerline Adapter field, then choose
whether you want to encrypt frames in the Encrypt frames checkbox. If
you selected Encrypt frames, you can enter the powerline password for
your adapter. The password can be 4-24 characters long. Press the Apply
button, when you want to enter the values into the Router.
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Powerline Statistics
Select the Powerline Statistics tab from the Powerline tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.12 Powerline Statistics
You can see the throughput as measured with the powerline protocol
for all adapters the Router can reach in the powerline network. Press the
Refresh button, if you want to update this information.
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Priority Settings
Select the Priority Settings tab from the Powerline tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.13 Powerline Priority Settings
This screen enables you to change the powerline priority settings of the
embedded powerline adapter in the Router. You can choose which adapter
you want to configure in the Local Powerline Adapter field, then choose
the level of priority from Low to Above High. Press Apply, when you want
to assign priority to the selected adapter/interface.
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3.7 Advanced Settings
Firewall
Select the Firewall tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.14 Firewall
Your Router is equipped with a firewall that will protect your network from
a wide array of common hacker attacks including Ping of Death (PoD)
and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. You can turn the firewall function off
if it is interfering with an application’s function. Turning off the firewall
protection will not leave your network completely vulnerable to hacker
attacks, but it is recommended that you turn on the firewall whenever
possible.
You can enable/disable the Firewall in the Firewall Enable/Disable field.
After you have made your choice in this screen, you can set it up by clicking
on the Submit button.
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Virtual Servers
Select the Virtual Servers tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.15 Visual servers
You can enable virtual servers especially for interactive gaming. You can
choose a preconfigured game in the Add drop box, or you can configure
one yourself. For that you will need to enter the Description (for
information), Inbound port values (from-to), Type (TCP,UDP,..), Private IP
Address and Private port fields.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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Client IP Filters
Select the Client IP Filters tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.16 Client IP Filters
Using this screen you can limit the access to the Internet/WAN to certain
computers/hosts on the LAN side of the network. For doing this you have
to enter the IP address and Port of the chosen computer, select the Type
(TCP, UDP, Both). You can choose between limiting the computer for all the
time (Always field) or select the time range in the Block Time and Time
fields.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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MAC Address Filtering
Select the MAC Address Filtering tab from the Advanced Settings tabs.
The following screen will appear:
Fig.3.17 MAC address filtering
If you want to limit access to the WAN for computer/hosts based on their
MAC addresses, you can do so in this screen by first selecting the Enable
MAC Address Filtering field and then by adding the MAC Address,
checking the Block checkbox for that machine and pressing Add button.
You can enter multiple MAC addresses.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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Block Sites
Select the Block Sites tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.18 Block Sites
Here you can add sites, which you don’t want to be accessible through
your LAN connected computers/hosts. You can either enter the full name of
the site (www.corinex.com) or the beginning of the name (www.co) in the
Block Content field. In the latter case you will not be able to access all sites
beginning with www.co…. This feature can also block whole domains, so
for example mars will block the whole domain mars.corinex.com as it will
block all domains beginning with mars. You can also check whether you
want to block the selected site all the time (check the Always field), or for a
limited time range (check Block field and enter the time range in the Time
fields). Don’t forget to check the Enable checkbox.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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DMZ
Select the DMZ tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.19 DMZ
A DMZ (DeMilitarized Zone) Host is a host without firewall protection. It
allows a computer to be exposed to unrestricted 2-way communication for
Internet games, video conferencing, Internet telephony, and other special
applications. This function is typically used to allow a web server, FTP
server, etc. to be accessible to users on the Internet.
You need to enter the local IP address in the Private IP field and check the
Enable checkbox.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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WAN Ping blocking
Select the WAN Ping blocking tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.20 Block ICMP ping
You can block the response from the ICMP requests coming from the WAN
port, by checking the Block ICMP Ping checkbox.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
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Security log
Select the Security log tab from the Advanced Settings tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.21 Security log
The Router keeps a log of all activity within the Router such as computers
logging in and out and any attempts from the Internet/WAN to access the
Router. The log is viewable in the display screen.
Using Save button you can save the whole log file to the PC for later
analyzing (The Save file dialogue will appear), clicking Clear will erase all
logged events from the log, and clicking Refresh button will refresh the
display screen with the most recent events.
3.8 Utilities
Restart Router
Select the Restart Router tab from the Utilities tabs. The following screen
will appear:
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Fig.3.22 Restart Router
Resetting or Rebooting the Router will not delete any of your configuration
settings. Click the Restart Router button below to reset the Router.
Restore factory defaults
Select the Restore factory defaults tab from the Utilities tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.23 Restore factory defaults
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Using this option will restore all of the settings in the Router to the factory
(default) settings. It is recommended that you backup your settings before
you restore all of the defaults. To restore the factory default settings, click
the Restore Defaults button below.
Save/Backup Current Settings
Select the Save/Backup Current Settings tab from the Utilities tabs. The
following screen will appear:
Fig.3.24 Save/Backup current settings
You can save your current configuration by using this feature. Saving your
configuration will allow you to restore it later if your settings are lost or
changed. It is recommended that you backup your current configuration
before performing a firmware upgrade. The Corinex Technical Support
can also ask you to send this saved file. In order to save your current
configuration, click the Save button. The following dialogue will appear:
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Fig.3.25 File download
Click on Save and the following dialogue will appear:
Fig.3.26 Save as
You can then choose the name and the location, where you want to save
the configuration file. Click Save button then.
Restore Previous Settings
Select the Restore Previous Settings tab from the Utilities tabs. The
following screen will appear:
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Fig.3.27 Restore previous Setings
This option will allow you to restore previously saved configuration, or
load a file sent to you through the Corinex Technical Support. Click on
Browse button and in the following dialogue, select the previously saved
configuration file.
Fig.3.28 Choose file
After selecting, click Open in this dialogue, then (in the display screen) click
Restore button. Router will restart after successful configuration restore.
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Firmware Update
Select the Firmware Update tab from the Utilities tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.29 Firmware Update
This feature enables you to change/upgrade the Firmware (Router’s
internal software) through by the file found on the Corinex Support Web
page or sent to you by the Corinex Technical Support. Click on the Browse
button and select the firmware file in the following dialogue.
Note: Be sure that you are entering the valid firmware file, because
with entering the wrong file you will most probably destroy the internal
Router firmware and it will be required to repair it in the factory. These
repairs are not included in the warranty. Also be sure that you don’t
switch the computer or Router off in the time of the file transfer. It is
also strongly recommended to save your settings into the file, as most
upgrades will have the default factory settings.
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Fig.3.30 Choose file
After selecting the firmware file, click the Open button and then (in the
display screen) Upgrade button.
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System Settings
Select the Systems Settings tab from the Utilities tabs. The following
screen will appear:
Fig.3.31 System Settings
In the Type in new Password field you can change the management
access password to the Router. For that you will need to enter both the
current password in the Type in current Password field, as retype the new
password in the Confirm new Password field. You can also setup the login
timeout in the range of 1-99 minutes in the Login Timeout field. Default
password from the factory is password, passwords are case sensitive.
If required, you can setup also the time zone, along with daylight scheme
in the Time Zone and Enable Daylight Saving fields.
If you want to enable remote management of the Router, you can do so
by enabling the Any IP address can remotely manage the Router or
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only selected IP address Only this IP address can remotely manage the
Router field to manage the Router. This is an advanced feature and you
should enable it only when you have changed the Router access password
from its default value to your own setting.
In this screen you can also enable or disable the NAT (Network Address
Translation) feature. This feature enables you to connect to the LAN side
of your Router more IP hosts (computers), sharing the same single WAN IP
address, so most of the users will have this feature switched Enabled. You
can change the value of NAT enabling in the NAT Enable/Disable field.
Last value which you can change in this screen is UPNP enabling. UPNP
(Universal Pug and Play) is a protocol for seamless managing and
configuring UPNP enabled devices. However, most users would like to
have it switched off, as UPNP is not very wide-spread, and creates possible
security hole if not setup properly. You can change the value of UPNP
enabling in the UPNP Enable/Disable field.
After you have entered the values in this screen, you can set them up by
clicking on the Submit Query button.
3.9 Powerline Setup through the Ethernet Interface using Corinex
Setup Tool
If you want to change the password on the powerline interface without
using web-based utility, you can change it using the Corinex Setup Tool.
The computer running Corinex Setup Tool must be connected directly or
through the hub to one of the Ethernet LAN ports of the Router (Figure
3.32).
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Because the LAN side of the Router is a switch, powerline management
messages come through to the powerline port of the Router.
Fig.3.32 Configuration of the Powerline port
through the Ethernet
Then by using the Corinex Setup Tool, you can discover the powerline
port of the Router, as it will appear in the first window of the Tool. Make
sure, you are configuring the powerline port of the Router, not any other
adapter that Corinex Setup Tool may find in the network.
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Installing the Setup Tool
1. Insert the installation CD. The CD should automatically start the
installation process. If the installation program does not start automatically,
start the application by selecting My Computer, usually found on the
desktop or Laptop start up screen. Navigate to the CD drive and double
click on the drive. The Installation CD menu (Fig.3.33) will appear. Click
on Install Setup Tool.
Fig.3.33 Installation CD menu
2. The following welcome screen will be displayed. Click Next to continue.
Fig.3.34 Setup Tool
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3. The next screen will ask where the Setup Tool should be installed.
Click Next to continue.
Fig.3.35 Select Destination Directory
4. This screen will ask where the Setup program should place the program’s
shortcuts. Select the Start Menu Folder or simply click Next.
Fig.3.36 Select Start Menu Folder
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5. The following screen will appear to inform you that Setup is ready to
begin installing the Setup Tool on your computer. Click Install.
Fig.3.37 Ready to Install
Running the Setup Tool
The setup so far allows transmission of data encrypted with a universal
key. To set your private and personal encryption keys for the network, run
the Corinex Setup Tool provided on the CD. This prevents anyone from
intercepting your transmitted data.
The Setup Tool allows the user to setup a private and secure powerline
network. Follow the steps on the screen of this guide and your secure
network will be setup correctly.
1. Make sure that your Corinex Powerline Router is connected to the
computer directly through the Ethernet cable and start the Setup Tool from
the Start menu by selecting the software folder and select Corinex Setup
Tool. Detecting the device takes a few seconds.
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Fig.3.38 Select Local Powerline Adapter
2. Make sure, you are configuring the powerline port of the Router, not any
other adapter, which Corinex Setup Tool may find in the network. Compare
the value in the field Local Adapters on your screen with the MAC PLC on
the bottom of your Router. Click Next.
3. Now the following screen should be displayed.
Fig.3.39 Choose Network Encryption Key
This is the screen where your network password is selected. Choose a
password between 4 and 24 characters, the password is case sensitive so
remember exactly how it was typed as it will be needed for the next device
being set up. Type your password in the Network Encryption Key box and
click Next. If you don’t want to use encryption, uncheck Encrypt frames.
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4. Click Next again to program the Corinex Powerline Router with the
new encryption key. This will take a few seconds. The next screen will
look similar to the following screen. The white box will list the MAC
addresses of all other installed powerline devices on the network that are
programmed with your chosen network password. If no other devices have
been programmed, the list will be empty. If you use also other than Corinex
HomePlug certified devices in the network, these devices may be set at
the default status. This default setting makes sure that HomePlug devices
find each other in a network and connect and communicate automatically
with each other. In order to generate your private and secure network,
all HomePlug certified devices in the network must be set to the same
network encryption key, either at the default key "HomePlug" or your own
selection.
Fig.3.40 Configured devices
The adapter with the MAC address 00:0B:C2:00:0F:93 acts as local device
in the network and identifies the devices shown under Devices Address in
the window as belonging to the network. The function and performance
of the devices between the local device / adapter 00:0B:C2:00:0F:93 and
the devices identified in the network is displayed in the window under
Connection Quality.
5. All devices in your network must be programmed with the same
network encryption key. Run this utility on all computers with a powerline
networking device attached. If you have a powerline device that is not
normally connected to a computer, it must first be connected to a
computer and set up with a network encryption key.
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3.10 Setup of Router SNMP Powerline Agent on the OPM
Management Station
Corinex Open Powerline Management (OPM) is a powerful and versatile
network management software tool that allows the operators to configure,
monitor and test all Powerline devices across their entire network. Corinex
Open Powerline Management is based on SNMP (Simple Network
Management Protocol) - a standard protocol for enhanced management
and testing of communication devices. The management is independent
from any hardware configuration and as a no-worry system, designed for
future network expansion with support for HomePlug® standard certified
Powerline devices. The Corinex Open Powerline Management software
answers a wide - ranging need of service providers, when they expand
their services based upon the new Powerline devices in the network.
Corinex Open Powerline Management offers easy to use and intuitive stepby-step navigation for an authorized user or network administrator and
gives users easier implementation by installing Powerline Agents within a
Powerline network.
We suppose you have the OPM already installed, we refer you to the OPM
User and Installation Guide.
To add a Router’s agent into the OPM running on the management station
PC, you need to start the OPM wizard by clicking the Add button in the
OPM main window (fig. 3.41) to start the Add wizard.
Fig. 3.41 Corinex Open Management main window
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Adding a Local Network
After clicking on the Add button in the main window (Fig. 1), the wizard
will appear and the administrator has to choose the option Add Local
Network as shown in Fig 3.42
Fig. 3.42 Add Wizard - Option Add Local Network
After the Next button click, choose a name for the Local Network (text
field Name, for example "floor1" as shown in Fig. 3.43), then click the Next
button and a dialogue as shown in Fig. 3.44 will appear.
Fig. 3.43 Adding a Local Network - choosing a name for a Local Network
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Fig. 3.44 Completing the Add Local Network wizard
After clicking on the Finish button, a Local Network named "floor 1" will be
created and you will be asked if you want to add a Powerline network. If
you click Yes you will continue with adding a Powerline network.
Adding a Powerline Network
Use the same wizard (Add button in the main window, fig 3.41) to define
a new Powerline network. In the wizard window, click on the option Add
Powerline Network (Fig 3.45).
Fig. 3.45 Adding Powerline Network - Option Add Powerline Network
Then choose a name for the Powerline Network (text field Name, for
example "Powerline1" as shown in Fig. 3.46). The Local network list allows
you to choose a Local Network (necessary, if there is more than one). A
Completing dialogue will be displayed by the Next button click.
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Fig. 3.46 Adding Powerline Network - choosing a name
for a Powerline Network
After clicking on the Finish button in Completing dialogue, you will be
asked if you want to add a Powerline device. If you click Yes you will
continue with adding a Powerline device.
Adding a Powerline Device
To add powerline device, start the wizard by clicking the Add button in the
main window (Fig. 3.41). Then choose the Add Powerline Device option
(Fig 3.47).
Fig. 3.47 Adding a Powerline device.
In the following steps the user chooses a Powerline network (i.e.
"Powerline1" as in Fig. 3.48) where one adapter is connected. By clicking
on the Next button you will be asked to fill more information into the add
Powerline device window.
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If you need to add a powerline device that is not connected to the
powerline now, you need to click on the Disconnected device check box.
This action will give the possibility to remember the Powerline devices for
future reference and use in an associated network structure.
Fig. 3.48 Adding a Powerline device - choosing Local and Powerline
networks.
In the following window place a check mark on the Agent item (Fig. 3.49).
Default Powerline Agent configuration values will appear, assuming the
Agent is running on a local PC or Router. You should enter the IP address
of your Corinex Powerline Router in the Agent name/address field in this
dialog box. The insertions for the fields: Port, Read and Write community
must be in accordance with the naming of the Powerline Agent’s settings
(see SNMP Agent settings in the Powerline tab of the web based utility,
chapter 3.6) and after inserting these names and number settings, you
must click on the Next button to continue.
Fig. 3.49 Adding Powerline Device - Powerline Agent settings.
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In order to effectively manage the network, you must search for all
Powerline devices connected locally to that associated Powerline Agent
within the overall network and the system will list all the devices accessible
with a used SNMP read string and active communication ports. In the
following window (Fig.3.50) click on the Yes, search for devices option
and press the Next button.
Fig. 3.50 Adding Powerline Device – Search for attached device option.
If the Agent’s settings are correct, the Select device dialog will appear.
Choose the desired device from the accessible devices list and click on the
OK button (Fig 3.51).
Fig. 3.51 Adding Powerline Device - Select device from list.
You can modify predefined device settings by using the following wizard’s
window (Fig 3.52). The text field Alias name is used for easier orientation.
In the Alias field the window shows the default naming, which is the MAC
address of the device. You can change it to any text string (e.g. "Device1").
If the device naming is pre-defined by Corinex the Corinex name will
automatically appear in the text field Manufacturer. If it is not a Corinex
device, the user must complete the Manufacturer field.
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Fig. 3.52 Adding a Powerline Device – Detailed device settings.
By clicking on the Next button of the Fig. 3.52 window, the following
dialogue will appear (Fig 3.53).
Fig 3.53 Completing the Add Powerline Device
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After clicking on this wizard’s Finish button (Fig 3.53), the main window
tree view will contain the selected device (Fig 3.54) as recognized by the
network. In a few seconds (max. 25) the next devices, which are part of the
same Powerline network, will appear.
Fig. 3.54 Adding Powerline Device - finished.
This procedure has to be repeated until all devices in the network are
registered, before the network can be managed effectively.
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4 Appendix A: Troubleshooting
4.1 Corinex Product Support
You may contact the Corinex "help desk" by sending an e-mail to:
support@corinex.com
- describing your problem
- reporting the devices types and manufacturing numbers of your
network devices
- giving us a phone number under which you may be reached, inclusive a
convenient time to call.
4.2 Troubleshooting Guide
Computer networking can sometimes be "tricky" when many components
must work together for the ultimate network system to function properly.
With the right tools the problems are usually easy to fix. The following
tools, available on your computer or on the Corinex CD, will get you
started.
• Setup Tool (from the Corinex Powerline Router Installation CD)
• Ping (from the command/terminal prompt, see chapter 6)
• ipconfig (WinNT/2000/XP), winipcfg (Win9x/Me) (from the command
prompt)
If it just doesn’t work...
1. Check that the power LED on the Powerline side labeled LINK (L) on all
devices are on, if not:
• Check the AC cables.
• Make sure the AC outlet is working by plugging something else into it.
If this works, try another outlet. If this fails as well, try 2. – 4.
2. Check the Ethernet cables:
The Corinex Powerline Router has a LED on the Ethernet side labeled
Link/Act. If it is not on:
• Check if the device at the other end of the Ethernet cable is switched
on.
• Try a different Ethernet cable.
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3. Check that the devices exist on the network:
Start the Setup Tool, click "Next" and see if all devices on your network are
found. If all devices are listed, skip this section. If a device is missing:
• Make sure all computers have only one active network slot.
• Make sure the Corinex Powerline Adapters are plugged straight into the
power socket.
• Unplug all Corinex Powerline Adapters and plug them back in again, one
by one. Run the Setup Tool again.
• The devices may be programmed with different passwords. Setup all
devices with a new password as described in the chapter 3.9.
4. Check that TCP/IP detects the Corinex Powerline Adapters:
From the command prompt, run ping and type the computer name or IP
address of the computer you are working on [ping your computer name].
This should return 4 good packets. Now try to ping another computer on
the network. If a timeout occurs:
• Go into the TCP/IP properties and check that the buttons for automatically
obtaining IP addresses and gateway are checked. If not, make sure that
both computers are on the same subnet.
• Run ipconfig/all from the command prompt on all computers to verify
that all computers have valid IP addresses on the same subnet.
• The IP tables may be corrupted, reboot all computers and try again.
If these tests work, you have basic connectivity and can use all network
services. If this does not work, you may have a faulty device. Please contact
your reseller or local distributor.
I have got all that, it still doesn’t work...
• Make sure that your TCP/IP settings are set to automatically obtaining IP
address and gateway address.
• Switch off all computers and unplug the Powerline devices, now plug
your Powerline Adapter back into power socket before switching on your
computer. This will ensure that the computer’s IP address will be obtained
from the Router.
• Now open the web browser, if the "Not Found" page appears, try to
check your LAN settings in the Internet Options of your web browser.
It works but it is slow...
A slow connection is almost always due to poor cable connection.
• Make sure the device is connected straight into the power outlet and
not into a extension.
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• Try another power outlet. If you still have trouble, you may contact
the Corinex "help desk" by sending an e-mail to: support@corinex.com describing your problem - reporting the devices types and manufacturing
numbers of your network adapters - giving us a phone number under
which you may be reached, inclusive a convenient time to call.
4.3 CAPPP
We also advise you to visit our Corinex Authorized Powerline Partners
Program web page (cappp.corinex.com), as you can find here valuable
information about complex applications and installations, along with the
partners in your area, who are providing installation services.
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5 Appendix B: Glossary
10BaseT - An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs. 100BaseTX
- IEEE physical layer specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of Category
5 UTP or STP wire.
1000BASE-T - A 100 Mbps technology based on the Ethernet/CD network
access method. Provides half-duplex (CSMA/CD) and full-duplex 1000
Mbps Ethernet service over Category 5 links as defined by ANSI/TIA/EIA568-A. Topology rules for 1000BASE-T are the same as those used for
100BASE-T. Category 5 link lengths are limited to 100 meters by the
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A cabling standard. Only one CSMA/CD repeater will be
allowed in a collision domain.
Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add capabilities or
connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card
(NIC) is the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the
intranet and/or Internet.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) - The coordinating body
for voluntary standards groups within the United States. ANSI is a member
of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - This is
the code that most computers use to represent displayable characters. An
ASCII file is a straightforward text file without special control characters.
Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) - A new standard for
transmitting at speeds up to 7 Mbps over a single copper pair.
Auto-negotiate - To automatically determine the correct settings. The
term is often used with communications and networking. For example,
Ethernet 10/100 cards, hubs, and switches can determine the highest
speed of the node they are connected to and adjust their transmission rate
accordingly.
Backbone – The part of a network that connects most of the systems and
networks together and handles the most data.
Bandwidth – 1. Measure of the information capacity of a transmission
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channel, in terms of how much data the facility can transmit in a fixed
amount of time; expressed in bits per second (bps). 2. The difference
between the highest and lowest frequencies of a band that can be passed
by a transmission medium without undue distortion, such as the AM band
535 to 1705 kilohertz.
Baseband - Transmission scheme in which the entire bandwidth, or datacarrying capacity, of a medium (such as a coaxial cable) is used to carry
a single digital pulse, or signal, between multiple users. Because digital
signals are not modulated, only one kind of data can be transmitted at a
time. Contrast with broadband.
Baud (Bite at Unit Density) - A measure of the speed of transmission of
data; number of elements transmitted per second.
Bit – A binary digit. The value 0 or 1 used in the binary numbering system.
Also, the smallest form of data.
Boot – To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal
computers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically
executed on startup. These instructions search for the operating system,
load it, and pass control to it.
Bottleneck – A traffic slowdown that results when too many network
nodes try to access a single node, often a server node, at once.
Bridge/Router- A device that can provide the functions of a bridge, Router,
or both concurrently. Bridge/Router can route one or more protocols, such
as TCP/IP and/or XNS, and bridge all other traffic.
Broadband - A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share
the bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data,
and video signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband
techniques to deliver dozens of channels over one cable.
Broadcast Domain - Defines the set of all devices, which will receive
broadcast frames originating from any device within the set. Broadcast
domains are normally bounded by Routers.
Browser - A browser is an application program that provides a way to look
at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The
word "browser" seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic
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term for user interfaces that let you browse text files online.
Buffer - A storage area used for handling data in transit. Buffers are often
used to compensate for differences in processing speed between network
devices.
Byte - The fundamental unit that a computer uses in its operation. It is a
group of adjacent binary digits, usually 8, often used to represent a single
character.
Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television
network, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable
modem users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems
feature asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the
Internet to the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from
the computer to the Internet).
Caching – 1. Speeds information processing by storing information from
a transaction to use for later transactions. 2. Storing or buffering data
in a temporary location, so that an application program can retrieve the
information quickly.
Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) -A
channel access mechanism wherein devices wishing to transmit first check
the channel for a carrier. If no carrier is sensed for some period of time,
devices can transmit. If two devices transmit simultaneously, a collision
occurs and is detected by all colliding devices, which subsequently delays
their retransmissions for some random length of time. CSMA/CD access is
used by Ethernet /IEEE 802.3 and HomePlug.
CAT 3 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic
Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify
"categories" (the singular is commonly referred to as "CAT") of twisted pair
cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data
rates that they can sustain. CAT 3 cable has a maximum throughput of 16
Mbps and is usually utilized for 10BaseT networks.
CAT 5 - ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic
Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify
"categories" (the singular is commonly referred to as "CAT") of twisted pair
cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data
rates that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of 100
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Mbps and is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks.
Database - A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its
contents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.
Data Packet - One frame in a packet-switched message. Most data
communications is based on dividing the transmitted message into
packets. For example, an Ethernet packet can be from 64 to 1518 bytes in
length.
Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not
addressed to a station within the local subnet.
Demodulation - Opposite of modulation; the process of retrieving data
from a modulated carrier wave.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets
network administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment
of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization’s network. Using
the Internet’s set of protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to
the Internet needs a unique IP address. When an organization sets up its
computer users with a connection to the Internet, an IP address must be
assigned to each machine. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered
manually at each computer and, if computers move to another location
in another part of the network, a new IP address must be entered. DHCP
lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a
central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer
is plugged into a different place in the network. DHCP uses the concept
of a "lease" or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a
computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a user is likely
to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s especially
useful in education and other environments where users change frequently.
Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in
which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.
DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that
need a permanent IP address.
DMZ - (DeMilitarized Zone) allows one IP address (or computer) to be
exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports
to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP
address if you want to use DMZ Hosting.
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DNS - Domain Name System (DNS). The distributed name/address
mechanism used in the Internet.
DOCSIS - Known as CableLabs Certified Cable Modems, DOCSIS (Data
Over Cable Service Interface Specifications) is a standard interface for
cable modems, the devices that handle incoming and outgoing data
signals between a cable TV operator and a personal or business computer
or television set.
Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under
the control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves
performance and security.
Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a
communications session, download means receive, and upload means
transmit.
DSSS (Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant
bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip
(or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that
the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip
are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the
radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To
an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is
rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers.
Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to
a client station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network
devices that serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually
assigned static IP addresses.
Dynamic Routing - The ability for a Router to forward data via a different
route based on the current conditions of the communications circuits. For
example, it can adjust for overloaded traffic or failing lines and is much
more flexible than static routing, which uses a fixed forwarding path.
Encapsulation - The wrapping of data in a particular protocol header. For
example, Ethernet data is wrapped in a specific Ethernet header before
network transit.
Encryption - Applying a specific algorithm to data in order to alter the
data’s appearance and prevent other devices from reading information.
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Decryption applies the algorithm in reverse to restore the data to its
original form.
Ethernet - A baseband LAN specification invented by Xerox Corporation
and developed jointly by Xerox, Intel, and Digital Equipment Corporation.
Ethernet networks operate at 10 Mbps using CSMA/CD to run over coaxial
cable. Ethernet is similar to a series of standards produced by IEEE referred
to as IEEE 802.3.
Fast Ethernet - A 100 Mbps technology based on the 10Base-T Ethernet
CSMA/CD network access method.
Firewall – 1. Isolation of LAN segments from each other to protect data
resources and help manage traffic. 2. Hardware or software that restricts
traffic to a private network from an unsecured network.
Firmware - Programming that is inserted into programmable read-only
memory, thus becoming a permanent part of a computing device.
Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting
over a network medium that cannot support the original size of the
packet.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – 1. An IP application protocol for transferring
files between network nodes. 2. An Internet protocol that allows a user on
one host to transfer files to and from another host over a network.
Gateway - A set of functions intended to facilitate electronic access by
users to remote services and vice versa. Gateways are intended to provide
a single source through which users can locate and gain access to a wide
variety of service. Gateways typically offer a directory of services available
through them, and provide billing for these services.
Home Page - The first page of a Web site or of a logical group of HTML
documents.
HomePlug - HomePlug is an industry Alliance comprised of industry
leaders at each level of the value chain - from Technology to Services
& Content. The Alliance members bring necessary capabilities and a
financial commitment to the successful launch of the technology. The
Alliance’s mission is to enable and promote rapid availability, adoption
and implementation of cost effective, interoperable and standards-based
home powerline networks and products.
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Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – 1. The protocol most commonly
used in the World Wide Web to transfer information from Web servers to
Web browsers. 2. The protocol that negotiates document delivery to a Web
browser from a Web server.
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) – 1. The language used in the
World Wide Web to create web pages with links to other documents, rich
text enhancements (bold, italic, etc.) and so on. The “source” file for what
you see on a web page is written in HTML. 2. The language with which
World Wide Web documents are formatted. It defines fonts, graphics,
hypertext links, and other details. HTML is an implementation of SGML.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - Best know for
the 7 layer OSI Reference Model.
Internet Protocol (IP) - A Layer 3 (network layer) protocol that contains
addressing information and some control information that allows packets
to be routed. Documented in RFC 791.
Internet Service Provider (ISP) - (1) Any of a number of companies that
sell Internet access to individuals or organizations at speeds ranging from
300 Bps to OC-3. (2) A business that enables individuals and companies
to connect to the Internet by providing the interface to the Internet
backbone.
IP Address - The 32-bit address defined by the Internet Protocol in RFC
791. It is usually represented in dotted decimal notation.
IPCONFIG - A Windows utility that provides for querying, defining and
managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under
Windows NT and 2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.
IPSec - IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is a developing standard for security
at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. A
big advantage of IPSec is that security arrangements can be handled
without requiring changes to individual user computers.
IRQ (Interrupt ReQuest) - hardware interrupt on a PC. There are 16
IRQ lines used to signal the CPU that a peripheral event has started or
terminated. Except for PCI devices, two devices cannot use the same line.
ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides
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individuals and companies access to the Internet and other related services
such as website building and virtual hosting.
JavaScript - JavaScript is a scripting language that allows dynamic behavior
to be specified within HTML documents. In order to view the JavaScript
effects on Web pages, JavaScript must be supported and enabled in your
browser’s preference settings
LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated
devices that share a common communications line and typically share the
resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area
(for example, within an office building).
Latency - The time delay between when the first bit of a packet is received
and the last bit is forwarded.
Link - Physical connection between two nodes in a network. It can consist
of a data communication circuit or a direct channel (cable) connection.
MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique
number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device,
such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the
hardware level.
Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) - The maximum packet size, in bytes,
that a particular interface will handle.
Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; unit of
measurement for data transmission.
mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for
logging onto IRC servers and listing, joining, and leaving channels.
Narrowband - Mobile or portable radio services which can be used to
provide services to both individuals and businesses such as paging and
data services.
NAT - NAT (Network Address Translation) is the translation of an Internet
Protocol address (IP address) used within one network to a different IP
address known within another network. One network is designated the
inside network and the other is the outside.
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Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video, and/or
data between users.
Network Interface Card (NIC) - The circuit board or other hardware that
provides the interface between a communicating DTE and the network.
Also called an adapter.
Network Mask - also known as the "Subnet Mask".
Notebook (PC) - A notebook computer is a battery-powered personal
computer generally smaller than a briefcase that can easily be transported
and conveniently used in temporary spaces such as on airplanes, in
libraries, at temporary offices, and at meetings. A notebook computer,
sometimes called a laptop computer, typically weighs less than five pounds
and is three inches or less in thickness.
Packet Filtering - A second layer of filtering on top of the standard
filtering provided by a traditional transparent bridge. Can improve network
performance, provide additional security, or logically segment a network
to support virtual workgroups.
Partitioning - To divide a resource or application into smaller pieces.
Ping (Packet Internet Grouper) - Refers to the ICMP echo message and its
reply. Often used to test the reachability of a network device.
Plug-and-Play - The ability of a computer system to configure expansion
boards and other devices automatically without requiring the user to turn
off the system during installation.
Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) - Manages the separation of
traffic streams via tunneling over PPP.
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) - (1) Successor to SLIP. Provides routerto-router and host-to-network connections over both synchronous and
asynchronous circuits. (2) A protocol which allows a computer to use a
modem and a regular telephone line to make a TCP/IP connection directly
to the Internet.
Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as
a switch or Router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal
computer are external sockets for plugging in communications lines,
modems, and printers.
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Port Mirroring - Port mirroring, also known as a roving analysis port,
is a method of monitoring network traffic that forwards a copy of each
incoming and outgoing packet from one port of a network switch to
another port where the packet can be studied. A network administrator
uses port mirroring as a diagnostic tool or debugging feature, especially
when fending off an attack. It enables the administrator to keep close
track of switch performance and alter it if necessary. Port mirroring can be
managed locally or remotely.
Print Server - A hardware device that enables a printer to be located
anywhere in the network.
Quality of Service (QoS) - Term for the set of parameters and their values
which determine the performance of a given virtual circuit.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) - A simple routing protocol that
is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. It determines a route based on the
smallest hop count between source and destination. RIP is a distance vector
protocol that routinely broadcasts routing information to its neighboring
Routers and is known to waste bandwidth. AppleTalk, DECnet, TCP/IP,
NetWare, and VINES all use incompatible versions of RIP.
RJ-11 - (Registered Jack-11) - A telephone connector that holds up to six
wires. The RJ-11 is the common connector used to plug a telephone into
a wall.
RJ-45 - A connector similar to a telephone connector that holds up to eight
wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.
Router - An OSI Layer 3 device that can decide which of several paths
network traffic will follow based on some optimality metric. Also called
a gateway (although this definition of gateway is becoming increasingly
outdated), routers forward packets from one network to another based on
network-layer information.
Powerline - Powerline (Sometimes called DPL- Digital PowerLine)
technology provides the transmission of data over the same lines that carry
electric power in homes and businesses.
Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user
access to files, printing, communications, and other services.
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Shared Ethernet - Conventional CSMA/CD Ethernet configuration to which
all stations are attached by a hub and share 10 or 100 Mbps of bandwidth.
Only one session can transmit at a time. This is the most popular network
type today.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) - The Internet network
management protocol. SNMP provides a means to monitor and set
network configuration and runtime parameters.
Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that
performs a particular task is called a "program." The two major categories
of software are "system software" and "application software." System
software is made up of control programs such as the operating system
and database management system (DBMS). Application software is any
program that processes data for the user. A common misconception is that
software is data. It is not. Software tells the hardware how to process the
data.
Spoofing - A method of fooling access equipment into thinking a network
connection is active even when it’s not.
SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) - Market segment of professionals who
work at home or in small offices.
Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a
TCP/IP network.
Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path. Static
routing cannot adjust to changing line conditions as can dynamic
routing.
Storage - The semi-permanent or permanent holding place for digital
data.
STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) - Telephone wire that is wrapped in a metal
sheath to eliminate external interference.
Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of
subgroups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up
with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for
subnets.
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Swapping - Replacing one segment of a program in memory with another
and restoring it back to the original when required.
Switch – 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,
allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2.
A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical
circuit.
Switched Ethernet - Configuration supporting an Ethernet hub with
integrated MAC layer bridging or switching capability to provide each
port with 10 or 100 Mbps of bandwidth. Separate transmissions can occur
simultaneously on each port of the switching hub, and the switch filters
traffic based on the destination MAC address.
Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place to
another in a given time period.
Topology - A network’s topology is a logical characterization of how the
devices on the network are connected and the distances between them.
The most common network devices include hubs, switches, Routers, and
gateways. Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection,
the most important of which include edge connections, backbone
connections, and wide-area connections.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) - The common
name for the suite of protocols developed by the U.S. Department of Defense
in the 1970s to support the construction of world-wide internetworks. TCP
and IP are the two bestknown protocols in the suite. TCP corresponds to
Layer 4 (the transport layer) of the OSI reference model. It provides reliable
transmission of data. IP corresponds to layer 3 (the network layer) of the
OSI reference model and provides connectionless datagram service.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) - A simplified version of FTP allowing
the transfer of files from one computer to another over a network.
TX Rate – Transmission Rate.
Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
Upload - To send a file transmitted over a network. In a communications
session, upload means transmit, and download means receive.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address that defines the route to
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