Comtech EF Data turboIP-45 User Manual

™

turboIP-45

TCP/IP Performance Enhancement Proxy

Installation and Operation Manual

Part Number CD/TURBOIP45.IOM

Revision 0

turboIP-45

Comtech EF Data is an ISO 9001

Registered Company.

™

TCP/IP Performance Enhancement Proxy

Installation and Operation Manual

Part Number CD/TURBOIP45.IOM

Revision 0

June 12, 2007

Comtech EF Data, 2114 West 7th Street, Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA, [phone], FAX: [phone].

Copyright © Comtech EF Data, 2007. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA.

Performance Enhancement Proxy turboIP-45 Performance Enhancement Proxy

Preface

Customer Support

Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department for:

• Product support or training

• Reporting comments or suggestions concerning manuals

• Information on upgrading or returning a product

A Customer Support representative may be reached at:

Comtech EF Data
Attention: Customer Support Department
2114 West 7th Street
Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA

480.333.2200 (Main Comtech EF Data Number)

480.333.4357 (Customer Support Desk)

480.333.2161 FAX

To return a Comtech EF Data product (in-warranty and out-of-warranty) for repair or replacement:

• Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department. Be prepared to supply the

Customer Support representative with the model number, serial number, and a description of
the problem.

• Request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from the Comtech EF Data

Customer Support representative.

• Pack the product in its original shipping carton/packaging to ensure that the product is not

damaged during shipping.

• Ship the product back to Comtech EF Data. (Shipping charges should be prepaid.)

For Online Customer Support:

An RMA number request can be requested electronically by contacting the Customer Support
Department through the online support page at

Click on the “RMA Request Form” hyperlink, then fill out the form completely before sending.

Click on “Return Material Authorization” for detailed instructions on our return procedures.

Send e-mail to the Customer Support Department at [e-mail].

For information regarding this product’s warranty policy, refer to page Error! Bookmark not defined..

www.comtechefdata.com/support.asp.

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Preface

Table of Contents

Customer Support..................................................................................................................................................................ii

About this Manual.................................................................................................................................................................vi

EMC Compliance................................................................................................................................................................. vii

Warranty Policy....................................................................................................................................................................ix

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................ 1–1

1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................... 1–1

1.1.1 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... 1–1

1.2 TCP/IP Performance Limitations........................................................................................................................ 1–3

1.3 TCP/IP Performance Enhancement Proxy......................................................................................................... 1–3

1.4 Selective Acceleration ........................................................................................................................................... 1–5

1.5 Data and Header Compression............................................................................................................................1–5

1.5.1 Minimum Compression Ratio.................................................................................................................. 1–6

1.6 turboIP-45™ Physical Description and Specifications....................................................................................... 1–6

CHAPTER 2. FAIL TO WIRE ........................................................................................... 2–1

2.1 Description............................................................................................................................................................. 2–1

2.2 Fail to Wire Board Operation.............................................................................................................................. 2–1

2.3 Fail to Wire Board Installed................................................................................................................................. 2–2

CHAPTER 3. EASYCONNECT™..................................................................................... 3–1

3.1 easyConnect™ ON................................................................................................................................................ 3–1

3.2 Important easyConnect™ Notes......................................................................................................................... 3–1

CHAPTER 4. CONFIGURING turboIP-45™....................................................................

4–1

4.1 Important Configuration Notes........................................................................................................................... 4–1

4.2 Required Equipment List..................................................................................................................................... 4–1

4.3 User Interfaces....................................................................................................................................................... 4–2

4.3.1 Console Settings ......................................................................................................................................4–2

4.4 Configuration Wizard........................................................................................................................................... 4–3

4.4.1 End User License Agreement (EULA) .................................................................................................... 4–3

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4.4.2 Configuration Wizard turboIP-45 - Summary .........................................................................................4–4

4.5 Menus and Functions - Summary...................................................................................................................... 4–14

4.5.1 CLI Menu............................................................................................................................................... 4–14

4.5.2 WEB Menu ............................................................................................................................................ 4–15

4.5.3 CLI - Log In.......................................................................................................................................... 4–16

4.5.4 CLI - Configure Interface Menu ........................................................................................................... 4–17

4.5.5 CLI - Gateway Configuration Menu..................................................................................................... 4–18

4.5.6 CLI - Route Configuration Menu.......................................................................................................... 4–20

4.5.7 CLI - SNMP Configuration Menu ........................................................................................................ 4–21

4.5.8 SNMP V2 Configuration .......................................................................................................................4–21

4.5.9 SNMP V3 CLI Menu Display................................................................................................................ 4–22

4.5.10 SNMP V3 Configuration................................................................................................................... 4–22

4.5.11 CLI - Selective Acceleration Menu ................................................................................................. 4–23

4.5.12 CLI - Administrative Functions Menu ............................................................................................ 4–27

4.5.13 Administrative Configurations/Actions Menu................................................................................... 4–28

4.5.14 System Status (Read Only)................................................................................................................ 4–28

4.5.15 Admin Actions ..................................................................................................................................4–29

4.5.16 Administrative Event Log Configuration Menu................................................................................ 4–30

4.5.17 Administrative View Event Log........................................................................................................ 4–31

4.5.18 Administrative Statistics Menu .........................................................................................................4–32

4.5.19 Web – Log In..................................................................................................................................... 4–33

4.5.20 Web – Acceleration page................................................................................................................... 4–34

4.5.21 Web – Interface page......................................................................................................................... 4–35

4.5.22 Web – Routes page............................................................................................................................ 4–36

4.5.23 Web – Selective Acceleration Page................................................................................................... 4–37

4.5.24 Selective Acceleration View/Edit Rules Page................................................................................... 4–37

4.5.25 Selective Acceleration Statistics Page............................................................................................... 4–38

4.5.26 Web – Admin Page............................................................................................................................ 4–39

4.5.27 Admin Configuration Page................................................................................................................ 4–39

4.5.28 Admin Event Log Page .....................................................................................................................4–40

4.5.29 Admin Statistics Page........................................................................................................................ 4–40

4.6 Upgrade turboIP-45™......................................................................................................................................... 4–41

4.6.1 CLI - Upgrade turboIP-45™................................................................................................................. 4–42

4.6.2 Web - Upgrade turboIP-45™ ............................................................................................................... 4–43

4.6.3 Web - FTP Upgrade.............................................................................................................................. 4–44

4.6.4 Web - Upload Upgrade ......................................................................................................................... 4–45

CHAPTER 5. SNMP ......................................................................................................... 5–1

5.1 MIBII Support....................................................................................................................................................... 5–1

5.2 Private MIB Support ............................................................................................................................................ 5–1

5.3 MIB Tree: .............................................................................................................................................................. 5–1

5.4 turboIP-45™ Gateway Configuration..................................................................................................................5–4

5.5 turboIP-45™ Interface.......................................................................................................................................... 5–6

5.6 turboIP-45™ Route................................................................................................................................................ 5–7

5.7 turboIP-45™ Selective Acceleration..................................................................................................................... 5–8

5.8 turboIP-45™ QoS Statistics Table......................................................................................................................5–12

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5.9 turboIP-45™ Compression ................................................................................................................................. 5–14

5.10 turboIP-45™ Admin............................................................................................................................................ 5–15

5.11 turboIP-45™ Admin Info.................................................................................................................................... 5–16

5.12 turboIP-45™ Event Log...................................................................................................................................... 5–17

5.13 turboIP-45™ Statistics......................................................................................................................................... 5–18

5.14 turboIP-45™ Fail To Wire.................................................................................................................................. 5–21

5.15 turboIP-45™ HTTP............................................................................................................................................. 5–21

5.16 turboIP-45™ Notifications..................................................................................................................................5–21

5.17 turboIP-45™ Process Notifications.................................................................................................................... 5–22

CHAPTER 6. COPY PROTECTION................................................................................. 6–1

CHAPTER 7. SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS................................................................... 7–1

7.1 Sample Configurations Introduction................................................................................................................... 7–1

7.2 Point-to-Point Configuration................................................................................................................................7–2

7.3 Point-to-MultiPoint Configuration...................................................................................................................... 7–3

7.4 Hub-Spoke Configuration.................................................................................................................................... 7–4

7.5 Dynamic Bandwidth Configuration.....................................................................................................................7–5

CHAPTER 8. END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT......................................................... 8–1

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Preface

About this Manual

This manual provides installation and operation information for Comtech EF Data’s turboIP-

45™ Performance Enhancement Proxy. This document is intended for network designers and

operators responsible for the operation and maintenance of the turboIP-45™.

Comtech EF Data reserves the right to change specifications of products described in this
document at any time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such
changes. Information in this document may differ from information published in other Comtech
EF Data documents. Refer to the company website or contact Customer Service for the latest
released product information.

Conventions and References

Cautions and Warnings

Indicates information critical for proper equipment function.

IMPORTANT

CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in minor

CAUTION

or moderate injury. CAUTION may also be used to indicate other unsafe
practices or risks of property damage.

WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could

WARNING

result in death or serious injury.

Metric Conversion

Metric conversion information is located on the inside back cover of this manual. This
information is provided to assist the operator in cross-referencing English to Metric
conversions.

Trademarks

All product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of
their respective companies and are hereby acknowledged.

Reporting Comments or Suggestions Concerning this Manual

Comments and suggestions regarding the content and design of this manual will be appreciated.
To submit comments, please contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department.

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Preface

EMC Compliance

This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference that
requires the user to take adequate protection measures.

EN55022 Compliance

This equipment meets the radio disturbance characteristic specifications for information
technology equipment as defined in EN55022.

EN50082-1 Compliance

This equipment meets the electromagnetic compatibility/generic immunity standard as defined
in EN50082-1.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If not installed and
used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference; in which case, users are required to correct the interference at their own expense.

Note: To ensure compliance, properly shielded cables for DATA I/O shall be used. More specifically, these

cables shall be shielded from end to end, ensuring a continuous shield.

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Preface

Safety Compliance

EN 60950

Applicable testing is routinely performed as a condition of manufacturing on all units to ensure
compliance with safety requirements of EN60950.

This equipment meets the Safety of Information Technology Equipment specification as defined in
EN60950.

Low Voltage Directive (LVD)

The following information is applicable for the European Low Voltage Directive (EN60950):

<HAR>

Type of power cord required for use in the European Community.

!

International Symbols:

Symbol Definition Symbol Definition

Note: For additional symbols, refer to “Cautions” listed earlier in this preface.

CAUTION: Double-pole/Neutral Fusing.

ACHTUNG: Zweipolige bzw. Neutralleiter-Sicherung.

Alternating Current.

Protective Earth.

Fuse.

Chassis Ground.

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Warrant y Policy

Comtech EF Data products are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two
years from the date of shipment. During the warranty period, Comtech EF Data will, at its option, repair
or replace products that prove to be defective.

For equipment under warranty, the owner is responsible for freight to Comtech EF Data and all related

customs, taxes, tariffs, insurance, etc. Comtech EF Data is responsible for the freight charges only for
return of the equipment from the factory to the owner. Comtech EF Data will return the equipment by the
same method (i.e., Air, Express, Surface) as the equipment was sent to Comtech EF Data.

All equipment returned for warranty repair must have a valid RMA number issued prior to return and be
marked clearly on the return packaging. Comtech EF Data strongly recommends all equipment be
returned in its original packaging.

Comtech EF Data Corporation’s obligations under this warranty are limited to repair or replacement of
failed parts, and the return shipment to the buyer of the repaired or replaced parts.

Limitations of Warranty

The warranty does not apply to any part of a product that has been installed, altered, repaired, or misused in any way
that, in the opinion of Comtech EF Data Corporation, would affect the reliability or detracts from the performance of
any part of the product, or is damaged as the result of use in a way or with equipment that had not been previously

approved by Comtech EF Data Corporation.

The warranty does not apply to any product or parts thereof where the serial number or the serial number
of any of its parts has been altered, defaced, or removed.

The warranty does not cover damage or loss incurred in transportation of the product.

The warranty does not cover replacement or repair necessitated by loss or damage from any cause beyond
the control of Comtech EF Data Corporation, such as lightning or other natural and weather related events
or wartime environments.

The warranty does not cover any labor involved in the removal and or reinstallation of warranted equipment or

parts on site, or any labor required to diagnose the necessity for repair or replacement.

The warranty excludes any responsibility by Comtech EF Data Corporation for incidental or
consequential damages arising from the use of the equipment or products, or for any inability to use them
either separate from or in combination with any other equipment or products.

A fixed charge established for each product will be imposed for all equipment returned for warranty
repair where Comtech EF Data Corporation cannot identify the cause of the reported failure.

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Exclusive Remedies

Comtech EF Data Corporation’s warranty, as stated is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed, implied,
or statutory, including those of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The buyer shall pass
on to any purchaser, lessee, or other user of Comtech EF Data Corporation’s products, the aforementioned
warranty, and shall indemnify and hold harmless Comtech EF Data Corporation from any claims or
liability of such purchaser, lessee, or user based upon allegations that the buyer, its agents, or employees
have made additional warranties or representations as to product preference or use.

The remedies provided herein are the buyer’s sole and exclusive remedies. Comtech EF Data shall not be
liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether based on contract,
tort, or any other legal theory.

x

Chapter 1. Introduction

turboIP-45™

Performance

Enhancement

Proxy

1.1 Introduction

This user guide provides an overview of Comtech EF Data’s turboIP-45™ Performance Enhancement
Proxy, along with instructions on how to configure the turboIP-45, starting from factory default settings,

so that it is passing traffic within minutes. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with general IP
networking principles.

1.1.1 Definitions

Term Meaning

Bridge In this document, this term refers to a network element that receives frames from

one network interface and forwards them in the direction of their destination based
on their link layer addresses.

Byte Eight bits (see Octet).

CLI (Command Line
Interface)

Compression A turboIP-45 feature that will attempt both Header and Payload Compression on all

Datagram The portion of a PDU that corresponds to the network layer and higher, that is, that

easyConnect™

Fail to Wire (FTW) turboIP-45 feature that will allow all traffic to automatically bypass the turboIP-45 in

The user interface of the turboIP-45 system that is available via the serial port.

accelerated TCP sessions.

portion that is transferred end to end between IP hosts on different networks.

The feature of the turboIP-45 system that allows it to operate as a bridge.

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Term Meaning

the event of a failure.

Frame A link layer PDU.

Gateway A network device used to perform protocol conversions at a specific protocol layer

to interconnect dissimilar networks.

HTTP (Hyper Test
Transfer Protocol)

kbps (kilobits per
second)

LAN (Local Area
Network)

MB (Megabytes) 1,048,576 Bytes (Octets).

Mbps (Megabits per
second)

Management IP The IP assigned to the turboIP-45 for management via HTTP or SNMP. On the

ms (millisecond) A rate of 0.001 second.

Octet Eight bits (see Byte).

PDU (Protocol Data
Unit)

RTT (Round Trip
Time)

Selective Acceleration The ability to provide a different quality of service to different datagrams. The term

Session A single bi-directional TCP connection between two end systems (hosts)

SkipWare® SCPS-TP compliant layer-4 gateway software developed by Global Protocols.

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol.

turboIP-45 ™

hardware

WAN (Wide Area
Network)

Protocol standard for web access.

A rate of 1,000 bits per second.

On the turboIP-45, this refers to the Ethernet port that would be attached to the

LAN.

A rate of 1,000,000 bits per second.

turboIP-45, both the LAN and WAN port can be accessed by the Management IP.

The messages sent between peer entities in a protocol. The PDU includes headers
generated or consumed by the protocol implementation as well as the data portion
carried by the entity. A PDU may be segmented by a lower layer protocol.

The elapsed time (in milliseconds) for traffic to be sent from one host and a
response received by the sending host.

‘Selective Acceleration’ actually applies to all types of IPv4 traffic, not just to
accelerated sessions.

SkipWare also provides many of the gateway (GW) functions of the turboIP-45

software. Skipware does NOT include management interfaces (i.e., SNMP, CLI<

HTTP, etc.), GPOS, and some other turboIP-45 software.

The hardware platform provided by Comtech on which the turboIP-45 software

executes.

On the turboIP-45, this refers to the Ethernet port that would be physically attached

to the outbound satellite equipment.

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1.2 TCP/IP Performance Limitations

Due to its design, TCP/IP does not perform well over impaired links. The link impairment could be due
to delay or noise or both. A typical satellite link suffers due to high delay and high noise. The main
reasons for poor TCP/IP performance over an impaired link can be summarized as:

Slow start algorithm Slow start algorithm allows a TCP sender to increase the data transmission rate

without overwhelming the network. It achieves this goal by gradually increasing
the number of unacknowledged segments at the start of the session. The time
required for an acknowledgement over the satellite link severely limits the ramp
up in transmission rate.

TCP window size The most unacknowledged data that a TCP sender can have outstanding is

limited by the sender’s window size. This limits the transmission rate in the
steady state to Window_Size/Round_Trip_Time (e.g., for a typical receive
windows size of 64 kbytes and satellite round trip time of 540 ms, the maximum
throughput is limited to approximately 121 kbps).

Congestion avoidance
algorithms

The congestion avoidance and control mechanism of TCP attributes packet loss
to network congestion, as opposed to corruption due to noise in the channel.
This leads to drastic reduction in transmission rates. Recovery from congestion
is slowed due to the high round trip time and noise in the satellite channel.

1.3 TCP/IP Performance Enhancement Proxy

Comtech EF Data’s turboIP-45 Performance Enhancement Proxy is designed to alleviate TCP/IP

bottlenecks in an impaired environment (high delay, high bit error rate, or both), while preserving
interoperability with any TCP device. It achieves this by combining TCP with a number of
enhancements that modernize IP transport.

turboIP-45 is based on SCPS-TP, the Transport Protocol of SCPS, an open standard specifically defined

for space communications. This standard is open, published, and internationally distributed. SCPS-TP is
an ISO standard (15893), a CCSDS standard (714.0-B-1), and a MIL-STD (MIL-STD-2045-44000).

turboIP-45 is fully compatible with network devices that use TCP, supporting existing Internet
standards, including network congestion and retransmission schemes. This allows turboIP-45 at one end
of the link to operate with TCP devices at the other end of the link without the need for a peer turboIP­45 device, providing partial performance enhancement. However, it is recommended that TCP traffic
pass through a pair of turboIP

the SCPS-TP protocol.

TM

Performance Enhancement Proxies, in order to take full advantage of

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The key features of turboIP-45 that help alleviate TCP/IP performance bottlenecks are:

Quick Start turboIP-45 makes full and immediate use of the links available, eliminating the

inefficiencies of the TCP slow-start algorithm.

Window Scaling turboIP-45 supports window sizes up to 1 Gbyte, far exceeding the standard TCP

window size of 64 Kbytes.

Intelligent
Congestion Control

Rate Pacing

Per-Connection

1

turboIP-45 meters out bursty traffic at a rate not to exceed the configured

1

Note: Either Rate Pacing or Pre-Connection Mode can be selected to optimize

turboIP-45 is optimized for real-world, mixed-loss environments. It is capable of

distinguishing data corruption from congestion-induced data loss. Doing so prevents
unnecessary activation of congestion control mechanisms, which can lead to
significant reductions in transmission rates.

transmission rate of the satellite channel. This prevents the satellite channel from
becoming congested.

1

turboIP-45 allows Per-Connection Mode to support dynamic bandwidth paths, where

the bandwidth may be different for any of the paths being accelerated by the turboIP-

45.

TCP acceleration performance.

Rate Pacing Mode Should be used when the bandwidth path for accelerated

Per-Connection Mode Should be used to support dynamic bandwidth paths,

Selective Negative
Acknowledgments
(SNACKs)

Path MTU
Discovery

Error tolerant
congestion control

Tolerance for
packet reordering

Support for large
queues with
congestion control

TCP traffic remains constant with the set WAN Transmission Rate.

where the bandwidth may be different for any of the paths being

accelerated by the turboIP-45.

SNACKs identify specific lost or damaged packets and request retransmission of
those packets. This provides for quicker recovery and better bandwidth utilization in
lossy environments.

turboIP-45 allows Slipware to dynamically detect the allowed MTU for the path

between the Skip ware gateway and the peer gateway or end systems for
accelerated traffic, thus eliminating fragmentation of TCP segments that are too large
for the path MTU.

turboIP-45 allows the Per connection congestion control to tolerate some amount of

loss due to corrupted packets (bit errors) without reducing the throughput. Previous
releases treated any loss as an indication of congestion and reduced the throughput
by half

turboIP-45 prevents spurious retransmissions due to packet reordering in the path

between two skip ware gateways

turboIP-45 prevents spurious retransmissions timeouts (RTO) caused by an increase

in RTT due to queuing, improving throughput when using the Per-Connection
congestion control on long delay networks that support large queues.

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1.4 Selective Acceleration

Selective Acceleration implemented by the Comtech turboIP-45 is a mechanism for providing different

quality of service (QoS) for different datagrams. Selective Acceleration only applies to IPv4 datagrams
that are received on the LAN interface and forwarded to the WAN interface.

Selective Acceleration is implemented as an ordered table of rules that determine the QoS to be

provided for traffic passing through the turboIP-45. The rules have three parts: an accounting part that

specifies the location and status of the rule in the table, a filter part that matches the datagram’s passing

through the turboIP-45 to each rule, and a QoS part that determines how the data that matches the rule is

to be treated. Each rule can specify that either all packets matching the rule be dropped or the following
QoS parameters be applied:

• A priority level

• A maximum data rate (bandwidth) for all traffic matching the rule

• Whether or not to accelerate TCP sessions matching the rule (i.e., invoke SCPS-TP)

1.5 Data and Header Compression

The turboIP-45 supports header and payload compression of accelerated TCP traffic. Compression is

enabled or disabled by a global setting. If it is enabled, both header and data compression will be
attempted on all new accelerated sessions. Compression will be negotiated during the TCP connection

establishment. Therefore, even if the turboIP-45 has compression enabled, and if the peer turboIP-45

does not also have compression enabled, then the session will not be compressed.

Data compression on accelerated TCP flows will be handled on a segment-by-segment basis. The
compressibility of each segment payload will be evaluated individually and only those segments where
the impacts would be beneficial will be compressed.

If a session is to be compressed, then the segments corresponding to that session will be compressed
only if:

1. The uncompressed payload length is greater than 90 octets

and

2. The compressed length is not larger than two octets smaller than the uncompressed length.

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1.5.1 Minimum Compression Ratio

The compression ratio is defined as the ratio of the sum of the sizes of all TCP segments in an
uncompressed session to the sum of the sizes of the TCP segments if that same session were
compressed. Note that this is different from the definition used in the compression ratio statistic. A
minimum compression ratio of 1.91:1 shall be achieved with the Canterbury corpus and 1.63:1 with the

Calgary corpus, when the data is transferred through the turboIP-45 using FTP.

The turboIP-45 shall never produce a compression ratio less than 1 with any data, that is, the size of the

compressed flows shall always be less than or equal to the size that the flow would have been if
compression were disabled for that flow.

1.6 turboIP-45™ Physical Description and Specifications

Figure 1-1. turboIP-45 Front Panel View

Front Panel Control/LEDs

ON/OFF Recessed power reset switch

POWER Green when power is applied

LAN/LINK Green when LAN Port senses 10/100 Base-T link

LAN/ACT Flashing amber when LAN Port senses Ethernet Activity

WAN/LINK Green when WAN Port senses 10/100 Base-T link

WAN/ACT Flashing amber when WAN Port senses Ethernet Activity

Figure 1-2. turboIP-45 Rear Panel View

Rear Panel Connectors

CONSOLE EIA-232 Female 9-pin for serial console CLI

WAN RJ-45, 10 Base-T/100 Base-T Ethernet, Auto-Sensing

LAN RJ-45, 10 Base-T/100 Base-T Ethernet, Auto-Sensing

1–6

2.1 Description

The Fail to Wire (FTW) function provides a low-cost solution for high network availability. If the unit

fails, then the installed FTW board allows traffic to bypass the turboIP-45™ as if it were simply a wire.

This means that a unit failure will not bring down the whole network. Traffic will continue to pass and,
at most, the existing TCP sessions will be terminated and have to be restarted. The FTW functionality
provides network reliability without the added cost of one-for-one redundancy.

Chapter 2. Fail to Wire

2.2 Fail to Wire Board Operation

If the turboIP-45 fails (excluding loss of power), then the FTW board switches into “wire” mode
approximately 7 to 10 seconds after the failure. At this time, all traffic is bypassed around the turboIP-

45. All active TCP sessions will timeout and need to be restarted. Newly started TCP sessions will be

bypassed around the turboIP-45 without acceleration.

If turboIP-45 reboots, then the FTW board switches to wire mode seven to 10 seconds after the reboot is

initiated, and stays in “wire” mode until the reboot is completed. Hence, 7 to 10 seconds is the extent of

network outage caused by a reboot of the turboIP-45.

If the turboIP-45 loses power, then the FTW board immediately switches into “wire” mode.

Approximately one second of traffic is lost during this switch. In addition, all TCP sessions will timeout
and have to be restarted.

While the turboIP-45 is off, the FTW board is in “wire” mode and all traffic is bypassed around the
turboIP-45. When the turboIP-45 is powered on again, the FTW board switches from “wire” mode to
“normal” mode during which time no traffic passes through the turboIP-45 for 7 to 10 seconds. After
this period, the board will switch back into “wire” mode and bypass traffic around the turboIP-45 for 33
seconds while turboIP-45 is booting. When the turboIP-45 finishes bootup, the FTW board switches
from “wire” mode to “normal” mode and the turboIP-45 begins normal operations. About one second of

traffic loss is possible during this final switch.

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2.3 Fail to Wire Board Installed

If the Fail to Wire (FTW) board is installed in the turboIP-45, then the last four characters of the Unit

ID on the Upgrade page will read “FWFD”.

The presence of a FTW board can be verified by looking at the Unit ID on both the HTTP interface and
the CLI interface as shown below.

-45

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Notes:

2–4

Chapter 3. easyConnect™

easyConnect™ is Comtech EF Data’s intelligent networking technology intended to allow easy

integration of turboIP-45
network. It reduces network reconfiguration that is required when introducing turboIP-45 into an

existing link.

™

into existing networks. It also simplifies design and installation of a new

3.1 easyConnect™ ON

With easyConnect enabled, turboIP-45 can be added to existing links without impacting existing non-

TCP traffic and without having to reconfigure existing network devices. It also reduces the complexity
when designing and installing a new network.

easyConnect mode:

• All IP and Non-IP traffic is transparently bridged.

• IP multicast is transparently bridged

• Unicast IP datagrams that do not contain TCP payload are transparently bridged, and can be

assigned a Priority or bandwidth restriction with Selective Acceleration Rules.

• Unicast IP datagrams that contain TCP payload can be assigned a Priority or bandwidth
restriction with Selective Acceleration Rules. Also, Selective Acceleration can be used to
designate which TCP traffic is accelerated and which is not accelerated.

With easyConnect mode, the unit has only one IP address (Management IP Address) that both the LAN
and WAN port will respond to.

3.2 Important easyConnect™ Notes

With easyConnect mode, the turboIP-45 cannot be the default gateway or the next hop for any locally
attached devices. Instead, the turboIP-45 will work as a transparent bridge.

IMPORTANT

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Notes:

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Chapter 4. Configuring turboIP-45™

4.1 Important Configuration Notes

turboIP-45™ must be placed in the link such that it has visibility of TCP traffic in both directions, i.e., the

forward traffic as well as the TCP acknowledgments must go through the unit. If the unit is placed such that it

IMPORTANT

only has visibility of forward traffic or TCP acknowledgments, all such TCP sessions through turboIP-45 will

not be accelerated.

During configuration of turboIP-45, a reboot is required for the three following changes; all other changes are

immediately in effect:

• Initial Configuration Wizard

• Restore to Factory Defaults

• Upgrading of the Unit

4.2 Required Equipment List

In addition to the Ethernet cables and Ethernet switches/hubs required to connect turboIP-45™ to the

network, the following equipment is required for the console connection:

1. DB-9 (female) to DB-9 (male) straight-through modem cable

2. PC running terminal emulation program (such as HyperTerminal)

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4.3 User Interfaces

turboIP-45 supports a basic menu-driven interface, which is accessible using the console port, or a web-

based graphical user interface (GUI). The interfaces contain the same functionality, with one exception.
The USERID and PASSWORD are only configurable via the console connection, for obvious security
reasons.

4.3.1 Console Settings

IMPORTANT

Baud Rate
Data Bits
Parity
Stop Bits
Hardware Flow Control
Software Flow Control
Terminal Emulation
Cable Configuration

38,400 bps

8

None

1

None

None

VT100/VT100J

Straight - Through

1. Entry of the numeric pad’s arrow keys when the NumLock is OFF will work under Hyperterminal,
provided that the client is running Windows 2000, Service Pack 4. Microsoft has acknowledged a bug
for Hyperterminal shipped with Windows 2000 prior to Service Pack 2 where the arrow keys were non­functional. (http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?kbid=263077).

2. Web-based graphical user interface (GUI) CAN ONLY be turned on in CLI. End-user is required to run
Configuration Wizard for initial setup or log into CLI Menu to ENABLE “Web User Interface.’

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4.4 Configuration Wizard

turboIP-45 has implemented Configuration Wizard to be a user-friendly Command-Line Interface(CLI)
through serial console. Initial setup of the turboIP-45 must be done using the serial console. A series of

step-by-step instructions will guide you through the initial configuration. End user is required to run the
Configuration Wizard with the following conditions:

• Brand new turboIP-45 units shipped with Factory Defaults.

• After Restoring Factory Defaults in the CLI Administration page.

4.4.1 End User License Agreement (EULA)

To use the console interface, launch a terminal window emulation program such as HyperTerminal® on

Microsoft Windows®, set the console settings. For a brand new turboIP-45 unit, the console will

display the End User License Agreement (EULA).

turboIP-45 License Agreement

In order to access to the Configuration Wizard, the end user is required to accept turboIP-45 License
Agreement. After Accepting the License Agreement, the user may proceed to turboIP-45 Configuration

Wizard.

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4.4.2 Configuration Wizard turboIP-45 - Summary

Note: At any time during the initial Configuration Wizard, the ESC key can be used to cancel

all changes and reboot.

Information to be provided throughout the Configuration Wizard is listed in the following table.
Detailed information is contained in the section listed.

Section Configuring

Item

4.4.2.1 Username

Password

4.4.2.2
Re-enter

password

UTC Month Two digit integer between 1 to 12 ‘01’

N/A

4.4.2.3

4.4.2.4 WAN Rate

4.4.2.5

4.4.2.6 Web Interface

4.4.2.7

UTC Day Two digit integer between 1 to 30 or 31 ‘01’

UTC Year 4 digit integer ‘2006’

UTC Military
Time

Management IP
Address

Management
Subnet Mask

Default
Gateway

DoD Warning
Banner

Configure
SNMP

Default Value Format Example

N/A Must be at least 5 and no more than 31 alphanumeric

characters in length.

N/A ‘C0mtech!’

N/A

Current system
setting

10.10.10.1 ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd ‘192.9.1.3’

255.255.255.0 ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd ‘255.255.255.0’

0.0.0.0 ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd

45 Mbps A number, followed by a space and 'bps', 'kbps' or 'Mbps'

N/A 1 for Enable

N/A 1 for Enable

N/A 1 for Enable

Passwords must be at least 8 characters and no more
than 31 characters in length.

Passwords are case sensitive and must contain at least
one character from each of the following groups:
uppercase, lowercase, digit, and special character.

Special characters include

“_!-.;:<>,[]{}\|()*&^%$#@`~'+=?/”

hh:mm:ss ‘09:19:51’

Must be on same subnet as Management IP.

Must be ≥ 10 kbps and ≤ 45 Mbps

2 for Disable

Selecting ‘Yes’ will enable the Department of Defense
warning banner on the Serial and SSH interfaces, which
will remain on the screen until the user hits a key on their
keyboard.

Note: The DoD Warning Banner can only be enabled or
disabled via the Configuration Wizard.

2 for Disable

2 for Disable

‘admin’

‘C0mtech!’

‘192.9.1.4’

‘1000 kbps’

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Section Configuring

Item

N/A

Finishing
Configuration

Default Value Format Example

Save Changes & Reboot

Save Changes & Shutdown

Cancel All Changes & Reboot

Cancel All Changes & Shutdown

4.4.2.1 Configuration Wizard turboIP-45 - User Accounts

User Accounts - There are two levels of user accounts: Administrator and Normal User. There must

always be at least one Administrator account.

The first Administrator account must be created through the Configuration Wizard. If only one
Administrator account exists, the user cannot delete the account. An error message will be displayed if
there is an attempt to delete the Administrator.

Usernames - must be at least 5 and no more than 31 alphanumeric characters in length.

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4.4.2.2 Configuration Wizard turboIP-45 – Password

IMPORTANT

Password Complexity - Passwords must be at least 8 and no more than 31 characters in length.

Passwords are case-sensitive and must contain at least one character from each of the following types:

• Uppercase

• Lowercase

• Digit

• Special character, including “_!-.;:<>,[]{}\|()*&^%$#@`~'+=?/”

When changing passwords, at least four characters in the new password must be different from the old
password. The system does not keep a record of old passwords, once a password is changed.

If the Administrator login or password is lost, the turboIP-45 can be restored to Factory Defaults using the

following account only accessible via the serial interface:

username: safe
password: C0mtech!

Once the factory defaults are restored, the turboIP-45 can be rebooted and the user will be able to accept the

EULA and begin the Configuration Wizard.

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