Commodore RF512C, RF502C, RF501C Operational Manual

RF500C

SERIES

DISK DRIVE

Operational

Manual

L..--..

•

__

~_-'

RF512C,RF501C and RF502C

Operational

Manual

TABLE

GENERAL

C

HAPTER

INSTALLATION

Unpacking Care of the drive

Drive set C

HAPTER

GETTING

Manual organization Principl

OF

up

es

CONTENTS

1

AND

and

procedure

2

STARTED

diskettes

HANDLING

2

4

C

HAPTER

3

COMMANDS

Syntax 1- NEW/HEADER SAVE/BSAVE/DSAVE RUN/BOOT LOAD/BLOAD/DLOAD VERIFY/DVERIFY DIRECTORY/CATALOG RENAME SCRATCH COPY/BACKUP I

NITIALIZE

CL

OSE/DCLOSEiDCLEAR

OPEN/DOPEN GET"/INPUT

PRINT" APPEND RECORD COLLECTIVALIDATE CONCAT

AUTO

Command nam

"

AND

STATEMENTS

e

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13 14

15

16 16

17

18 18

19 19

20 20

21

B-A

(BLOCK-ALLOCATE)

B-F

(BLOCK-FREE)

B-R

(BLOCK-READ)

B-W

(BLOCK-WRITE)

B-P

(BLOCK-POINTER)

B-E

(BLOCK-EXECUTE)

M-R

(MEMORY-READ) M-W M-E HEAD/SIDE

(MEMORY-WRITE)

(MEMORY-EXECUTE)

( for RF502C only)

21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25

26

C

HAPT

ER 4

USER

Introduction Common

Extension "UO"

C

HAPTER

FILE

Introduction

Sequential

Random Direct - Block Direct -

COMMANDS

user

5

AND

DIRECT PROGRAMMING

File

Access File 33

Memory

APPEDICES

commands

Programming

programming

for RF512C

only

36

27

28

30

31

34 35

A.

QUESTIONS

B.

DISK

C.

SETTING

[l

ERROR

E.

SPECIFICATIONS

F.

RADIO

AND

FORMAT

THE

DEVICE

MESSAGES

AND

TELEVISION

ANSWERS

NUMBER

INTERFERENCE

.

36

37

40

41

43

44

GENERAL

This

manua

how

to

this

manual use examples to

how the various

of

this

manufa l

ture.

The

formation The

RF500C

retrieve information much more quickly

you

can

l has two primary purposes. T

use t

he

BASIC

is

appendices

in

detail.

is

a floppy disk drive which al

with tape.

programming l

accompany

BASIC commands

to serve

as

a reference

and

the specificiations give you more

he

First

anguage.

with explenation of

work.

The second

guide

lows

and

is

to teach you

The

chapters of

purpose

to disk file struc-

in-

you to store

conveniently than

and

Thi

s manual can operate that let you commun i

Because different computer must make sure what kind of

SY

NTA

The the versions of BASIC BA

SIC has more sophisticate funct i

with lower versions.

C

BM comput

in

different

X for your convenience.

table below

RET

2000

VIC-20 C-64 2,0 CBM C-16 PLUS CBM C-

3000

4

8000

128

be

applied

computers.

cate

lists

the various

each

er

with your

says

cont

to many versions of BASIC that

The

BASIC is

RF500C

different BASIC

compute

Commodore

ains.

Remember, higher version

ons;

BASIC

a popular

floppy disk drive.

language

r you

and

interpreter

1.0

2.0

3.0 3,5

3.5

4.0

7.0

use,

computers

can

language

to

obey

compa

, you

its

and

tible

C

HAPTER

1

INSTALLATION

UNPACKING

Your

disk drive

1.

The

disk drive (the main box)

2.

A serial

3.

A power

4.

This

operation

Save the drive - or even dea

ler or to the factory for service.

IMPORTANT

Before

or computer.

CARE

connec

OF

pac

cable

adaptor

packing

in

NOTE

ting or disconnecting anything on the drive

TURN OFF THE POWER.

THE

AND

comes with several

(120

manual

material in

the unlikely case that you must return it to your

DRIVE

HANDLING

items.

volt AC for

AND

USA,

case

you

This

DISKETTES

These are:

240 volt AC for Europe)

wish

to transport your

is a must!

The

disk dri motors than t or having things

The

formation coating

The

cover which

it to spin freely

he

diskette

DRIVE

STEP STEP STEP

STEP STEP

STEP STEP STEP STEP

1: 2: 3:

4: 5: Plug

6:

7: 8:

9:

ve.

unlike the computer.

and

moving parts. Therefore it

computer. Rough handling. such

is

a plastic disk wi

can

be

is similar to the

is

permanently

is

used to protect

SETUP

Setup your TURN Using the drive serial

computer.

TURN and

Remove out the TURN TURN It

OFF your

OFF

the

the drive's power connector.

ON ON

is

ready

drop

This

on

it.

stored on

magnetic

package

can

th

and packed

it.

is

PROCEDURE

Commodore

computer

your drive.

bot

h ends of the

head-protec your drive. the

computer.

and

type:

10

is a mechanical

is

somewhat more delicate

as

dropping

cause it to malfunction.

magnetic

erase out from

coating

in a square

Please keep it cl

never

computer

and

cable

AC

adaptor

tion sheet from the drive.

PRINT "DEM

coating.

on recording tape.

opened.

system.

its

periphrals.

link

up

into the wall outlet

O".

device

so

its

surface.

black

ean

and

the drive

RETURN

with

the drive

that

in-

The

plastic

allow

and

C

HAPTE

R 2

GETTING

MANUAL

This

manua works tion t

he

Information

and

of

this

information

Setup

STARTED

ORGANIZATION

l contai

specific information for

manual, refer to the chart.

I

ns

what

Installat

gene

you need.

ral information about. how t

ion

each

I

Basic

Operations

File

Ope

rations

I-

Block

Operations

operation.

You

can quickly find out

Se

tting Devi

I

Pr

I

Programming

Direct Block

Programming

The

ce

inciples

File

he

drive

orangiza-

No

I

Instructions

Information

Memory

Operat

Commands

Er

Messages

Format

I

Questions

I

System

ions

Us

er

1

ror

Di

sk

Information

I

Direct Memory

Programm ing

Programming

Information

2

Learning direct and tal

commands, This

how

commands

several of

Commodore

BA

SIC programs.

You

can

use these

to

use

the

with

them

are

manual

computer,

commands

drive

emphasis

and

its

on

BASI

C statements

a few

special

straightforward extensions

assumes

and

feel

to

that

user

comfortable

instruct

the dive

are in writing simple

or

instructions,

of

fundamen-

familiar

as

you

des

DOS

with

ire

Basic

File

operations

Block

Momry User

commands

ope

rations

operations

NEW,

HEADER,

SAVE, BOOT,

VERIFY, DIRECTORY,

SCRATCH, OPEN,

CLOSE,

APPEND,

COLLECT, VALIDAT

B-P,

and

M-

R,

HEAD,

COPY,

etc

.

OPEN, GE

RECORD,

B-E

M-W,

M-E

SIDE

and

INITIALIZE,

Ti!', INPUT

CON

E, B-

U

RENAME,

CLOSE

#,

CAT,

A,

B-F,

LOAD

PRINT

AUT B-R,

,

#,

O

B-W,

3

PRINCIPLES

One of the most i

mat

ion

can

it

is

filed.

The

programs that

be

mpo

stored

retrieve information, tasks to "

In this pe for a specific devi logica

The as the assigned fram 1 specified be in single di

are cal

DOS

".

DOS

ripheral

ed

, t

he

is

called channel. Each peripheral must

l file is specified

re have

15

available

command channe

from 1 to

set

by har

dware

sk dri

the

path

ce

to.

ve

rtant

automatically

and

Disk

advantages

of this dri

and retrieved by a

keep track of file

do

a multitude of other housekee ping

Ope

rating

System

ve is that inf

name

under which

, usually shortened

which link between the computer num ber (usually 8 for disk dri

for

data

channel

l.

127.

The di

32

by saftware (but only

switch

sys

). The drive number

tem .

The

sk

transf

s,

and

log i

drive

er.

channel

cal

file number

dev

ice number

15

8,9,

10

is

always 0 (zero)

s,

save

be

assigned

ve) and

is

reserved

can

and

11

or-

and

a

be be

can

So,

the typical form for sendi

be

low:

Example:

In

GCR

sectoring

OPEN

sys

tem, a di

is

shawn

1,8,15,

sk

as

Track

1-

17

18

-24 025-30 031-35

In

RF512C,

wi

th

sector

the tracks an side

no.

as trac

''#'' :

is

for

matt

belaw:

k 1 to

ng

cammand

REM

open

to the drive

logical file 1 8 thraugh channel 15 message

ed

35

Sectar Ass

is

"II".

trackS/s

ide a

ignment

0-20

18 17

0-

16

one

are

ass

ign

ed

35,

respectively.

is

for

device

and

nd

the optimal

from 36 t

listed

the

o.

70

4

In

every formatted disk, there

information (disk

status indicotion, see track

The

VECTOR

the sector of the file the entire file

loaded

The

also shorten the internal

the

For memory.

18.

(For

information collection of the disk

table

in

computer memory

built-

in

RAM

1/0

buffer to

more

advanced

Then,

name

more detail, see

(in

the directory), we know the location of where

could

is

speed

a multiple processing environment one

, disk ID, file

appendix). The

starts.

not only support for the

Follow the pointer of

be

found

data

up

user,

~

a directory which contains disk

table

appendix)

and

aulomatically

processing time.

the transfer rate. helshe

can

and

directory file

is

called

the

program

system

write

bit-

map

is

file.

From

each

.

operation

It

can

program

for block

located

sector then file wi

enl

can

on

the file

ll

be

but

arge

on the

enjoy.

Here,

RAM

is

the

toble

page

0

1 buffer for

of

RAM

Contents

system

usage.

register

GCR

2 drive information

3

4

5

6

7

#0

buffer zero

#1

buffer

#2

buffer two

#3

buffer three

#4

buffer four

one

5

CHAPTER

3

COMMANDS

Syntax -

Function

Format

Language

and

version

Syntax

Command

Discuss

KEYWORD

The

strings that are

The

Where # means a real or integer variable

Note:

AND

the

KEYWORDs KEYWORDs

arguments

S means a string variable

[] ()

" " means argument that within quotation

In

some commands, drive no. ad9ress location which are

P,

respectively.

In

wildcard string,

STATEMENTS

name.

command

(arguments ... ) [optional arguments

appear

are words that are

appear

means such arguments

parameter~

means that parentheses must

with variable

marks must not

(8,

9,

10

preceded

type

commands

or

11),

and

in

upper-case

in

lower-case

RAM

and

by letters

"?"

,,'" stands to full the

how

of

be

variables

bank

end

stands in

that position,

filename with "?"s.

it

works.

letters.

part

DOS.

no.

address location,

for

of

letters.

are

(0

or

1),

no. (0-

D,U,B,P,

any character

...

]

BASIC

optional

15), and

or

come

device

start

TO

and

rest

of

Example:

6

We

wish

each

you

can

example joyfully.

satisty on our discussion

and

try

NEW/ HE

Fun

ction New

Format

ADER

is

HEADER

to

clear

a direct

is

an

the directory

command

interactive

for formatting a disk. command of

a disk.

for formatting or

BA

SIC

BASCI7.0

Synta x

stringS HEADER

Remember,

sen' through the mnemonic

But

HEADER When it The When id

tory is The diskname must not longer than The

id

The

device# defau The dri Where the

S

YNTAX.

= "N[

works,

answer

cleared (if your disk

code

ve# default value

EW

] : diskname,

"diskname [,id]" [,D drive#]

[,

U device#]

NEW

is

code

preceding

is

a direct

is

N.

an

interactive

echo

may

is any 2

be

isn'

lt value

command

message is '

"Y"

t assigned, then the disk direc-

characters

lett

id"

command

type

or "N".

is

ers D and

is

O.

is

8.

in

terpret command.

already

identif

channel

'ARE YOU SURE

U please refer to

that should

and

formatted).

16

characters.

ier.

be

its

?".

Ex

amples: Using

7

NEW

C

LOSE

Using

HEADER 'lEST ARE

1:

HEADER

YOU

command

OPEN

SURE

1,8,15

command

DISK, 1A"

? Y

, "N: TEST DISK, 1

(Type (Answer "Y" for

wait for "

that line)

ready" prompt

A"

yes

and

SAVE I BSAVE

IOSAVE

Function These interpreter

specific

computer

Format

BASIC

BASCI

Syntax

7.0

SAVE SAVE

DSAVE BSAVE

DSAVE

The fil

"filename",

filenameS,

"filename"[,D drive#] "filename"[.D drive#]

(fi

ename

bank#

B

lenameS) [,D drive#] [,U

must

quotation marks

existing

follow i

ng

SAVE

file's

name; otherwise, you ,r-ould type as

:

"

@:

filename",

commands

save a

copy

memory to the disk as a file.

device#

[,U device#] [,U

device#]

,P start#

TOP

end#

device#

be

a string that is enclosed

and

can

't

be

the some as any

device#

of the

]

in

the

Examples:

Where @: means the

old file

new one, The The

BSAVE

device# drive# default value is

command

defau

lt value

is specified for directly save the computer memory onto the di preceding

SYNTAX

.

letters D,

U,

SAVE "DEMO",8

DSAVE BSAVE

SAVE

"DEMO" "PICTURE':

"@:

DEMO" ,DV: dated

DO,U8,P8192

REM[The

on the disk drive number

is

sk

Band

TO

is

replaced

by the

8. O.

as

a file. Where the

P please refer to

P 16384

"DE

MO

" file

DV)

is

up-

.

8

RUN/BOOT

Functio

Fo

rma t

BASIC

Sy

ntax

n These interpreter

program file

The BOOT

7.0

RUN RUN BO

The fil

file).

The

device

The

drive# default value is O.

If

no

then the

Where t

S

YNTAX.

"filename"[,D

[filnameS)

OT ["fil

ename

filename

he

.

command

ename"] [,D

must

" default val

is

boot

preceding

commands

is

specified for binary

drive"] [,U

drive"] [,U device"]

be

a string

ue

assingned program

file is i

letter D

can

load

device"]

[i.e.

name

is

8.

to

the BO and U please

OT

mplied

and

execute

file.

of

program

command

.

refer to

,

Exa

mpl

e:

RUN "DE BO

OT

Commodore

MO" :

[If

REM

a CP/M master disk

128 will

"DEM

opera

O"

on

te

device

is

under

8

insert

ed.

your

CP/M mode.)

9

LOAD/BLOAD/DLOAD

Fun

ction These interpreter co

program) from disk to computer memor

Format

mmands load

a file (e.g.

y.

BA

SIC

BA

SIC 7.0

Syntax

LO

AD

LOAD DLOAD

BLOAD

"filename filenameS,

"filename"[,D drive"'] [,U device"'] "filename"[,D drive"'] [,U device"']

[,

B bank"'] [,P start"']

", device"'[.command"']

device

"'[,command "']

DLOAD (filename) [,D drive"'] [,U device"']

The fil

The The The

When the

ename quotat disk

file.

must

ion marks

be and

device'" default v drive'" default value

command'" program file loca

tion.

default value

is

loaded

command'"

be

loaded

at

the same

a string t

such string

alue

at

is

1, then the program file will

hat

is

B.

is

O.

is

0 that means the

the BASIC

loca

tion where it was

enclosed

saved from.

BLOAD

to computer quickly. Where the D,U,B

command

and

P please refer

is

specified for binary file to

preceding

to SYNTA

X.

also a

name

program

in

the

sta

load

lett

of

rt

ers

Exa

mple

s: L

10

OAD "DEMO DLOAD "DEMO BLOAD "PICTUE",DO LOAD

"*

",B

,1:

",

B

"

,UB,0,PB192

REM

(This

command

loading

games.)

is

suitable for

VERIFY

/DVERIFY

Function

Format

BASIC

Syntax

These

the program file on di in

An "OK"

7.0

The

quotes The The The

pr

When the

will was saved.

Where the

S

YNTA

interpreter

computer.

echo will

VERIFY DVERIFY

filename must

device# de

drive# default value comm

ogram file

be

"filename'[.device#] [,command#]

and

and#

command

compared

preceding

X.

commands

sk with the progr

respone for verify

"filen

ame'[,

be

a string th

such string

fault va l

defau

is

verified with the

lt value

# is

with the location from which it

letters D

D drive# ] [,U device#]

ue

are used to

at

is enclosed

is also a name

is

8.

is

O.

is

0,

that means the

BASIC

1,

then the program file

and

U please refer to

compare

am

pass.

of disk

prog

memory

in

file.

ram.

Example:

VERIFY "DEMO OK

",8

11

DIRECTORY /CATAIDG

Function These interpreter

directory without destory program memory.

Format

BASIC

Syntax

Example:

7,0

LOAD"S",device'"

CATALOG

DIRECTORY DIRECTORY

The

device'" default value

The

drive'" default value

A sub-directory

is

presented) .

Where

D,U

F3: Press DIRECTORY DIRECTORY

[D

drive"')

[D [D

can

and

wildcard please refer to

function

and

its

"D*": Only file which with

commands

[,U

drive"') drive"')

be

[,U [,U

selected by the

key F3. (for

contents

letter will

display the disk

device"') [,"wildcard

device"') [,"wildcard ") device"') [(wildcardS))

is

8.

is

O.

wildcard

SYNTAX.

C128)

is

displayed.

"D"

for the

be

shown,

")

(if

first

it

LOAD "S", LIST:

You program will

8

will

get

the same result but your be

erased .

BASIC

12

RENAME

Fun

ction

Format

Th

R

is

interpreter

filename

is

a mnemonic of rename direct

command

without affect

is

used

its

contents.

to

change

command.

the

BA

SIC String$="R[ENAME] •

BASIC

Sy

nta x

Example.

7.0

RENAME

[,U device"']

RENAME

[,

U device"']

Remember, there has no single instruction

2.0 that's equilvent to can

only work

The newfile a

should

The

dev

The

drive'"

Whe

re the pre

SYNTA

RENAME "CHECKER" TO ':t\GAIN (Using

DIRECTOR

[D drive"',] "oldfile"

[D drive"',] (oldfil

nd

be some n

ice'" default value is 8.

defau

ced

X.

• newfile=oldfile" TO

eS)

RENAME, so

in

multi-

oldfile must

lt value

ing lett

Y to confirm the

command

am

e of disk fil

ers D and

be strings

is

O.

"

"newname

TO (newfileS)

in BASIC

the f

irst

form.

(i.e.

e).

U please refer to

result.)

"

format

oldfile

13

SCRATCH

Functio n

Format

BA

SIC

BASIC

Synta x

This

inleractive interpreter

file by

S

is

de

the

mnemonic

lete it fr

stringS = "S[

7.0 S

CRATCH

"filename"[,D drive"] [,U

Remeber, there has

equi

that's only

The

works

filename

name

device"

The The dri

ve"

Where the

SYNTA

lvent to S

in multi-command .form.

must be

of di

sk default value is defau

preceding

X,

om

of scratch

CRATCH

no sing

CRATCH, so

file),

lt value

lett

command

is

used to erase

directory.

direct command

] : filename"

device"]

le instructi

the

on

in BASIC 2.0

firs

t f

a string (i.e. should

8.

is

O.

ers D and

U please refer to

.

ormat can

be some

Example: S

' "

CRATCH

!\RE

YOU

01.

FILE

'!\GAIN"

SURE?"

S SC

RATCHED

(Simple answer "Y" or "N

, 01, 00" (Echo

message)

")

14

COpy

Fun

Fo

BA

IBACKUP

ction These interpreter

disk to can commands.

C

is

the mnemon ic of

rmat

SIC

string$="cr

commands

ano

ther file or disk

be

considered

OPY

[,

source

] :

file 2].

copy

in

as

direct

file=sourcefile 1

..

file(s)

the same unit

files

or the whole

combination

command

so

.

they

BASI

C 7.0

Syntax

xampl

E

C

OPY

BACKUP

Remember, there has no si

that's equilvent to COpy or BAC f

ormat can

The

The The

Where the

e:

20 30 C

copy

sourcefile should

If

no fil

ename

OPY

C

device drive" default value

S

YNTA

10 CLOSE

OPEN 1,8

LO

"sourcefile"[,D

[D

drive"

D sourcedrive"

[,U

device

only works in multi-

file

and

is

assigned to

all files action will take.

" default value preceding

X.

1

,15, "c :

SE 1

drive"] TO

,U

device"]

TO D copydrive"

" ]

ng

le instruction

sourcefile

be

some

is

letter D

DE

ST=

DEMO,CHECKER

command

must be

name

COPY

8.

O.

and

U please refer

"copyfile"

in

BASI

KUP,

command,

sa

the fir

form.

str

ings

of disk file).

"

C 2

(i.e.

then

.0

st

to

(You

DE

CHECKER

In

15

can

check the

ST

that

single drive

is

's leng

equa

th.)

sys

tem, BAC

directory to

l to the length of

KUP disk

con

is

firm the

size

DEM

O plus

nonsence.

of

INITIALIZE

Function

Format

I

BA

SIC stringS="I[

Syntax Remember, there has

Exampl

This direct

I

The

e:

20 30

command

the drive, Other then warm start,

read operation,

is

for execution ,

10

the current disk's

the mnemonic of intialize,

NITIALl

drive" default value CLOSE 1 :

INPUT# CLOSE 1

OPEN 1,8,15

1,N,MS : PRINT

CLOSE/DCLOSE/DCLEAR

is

a warm

BAM

ZE] [drivt"''j''

no

single instruction

is

0,

, "10"

N;MS

sta

rt

function for

it

also

for more reliable

can

in

BAS

re-

IC

Functi

Format

Synt

Ex

on These interpreter

BA

SIC

BA

SIC 7,0

ax

ampl

logical file or

CLOSE

DC

file"

The The drive" default value Where the precedi

e:

is

If no file"

files are closed,

DC

LEAR

device

to S

YNTAX

'10

For 1=1 20 CLO 30

NE

fil

LOSE LEAR

the specific file to

is

specified in DCLOSE, then all

clear all

" default value is

SE I

XT

files,

e" [# file"] [,U

[D drive"] [

, to

10

commands

device"]

,u

device"] be

open

channel on disk drive,

is

ng

letters D

is

used to close a

closed,

open

8, 0,

and

U please refer

disk

16

REM

: close logical file from 1

to

10

OPEN

F

unc

/ DOPEN

tio n

OPEN

OOPEN

is

an interpreter command, which create a file

by

opening

a

communication .

is

a B

ASIC

7.0 interpret file control

channel

for computer·drive

command

.

Form

at

BASIC

Syntax

OEPN OEPN

file'" .device"'.channel"'[,stringS] file'" .device'" .channel"'[,"filename,type, mode"]

7.0

OOPEN#file"', "fi lename[.Sor P]", [.Lrecord

l

ength"'] [,0 drive"'] [.U

The fil The

e'" val

device"

ue

de The drive'" defau lt val The

channel'" volue

type :

mode

S for sequential

p

for program file for user file

U

for l

L

for

A

W

M

for read for writ for

: R

is

from 1

fault value

ue

is

from 1 to

eng

th of a relative file

append

e

mod

ity

to

255.

is

8.

is

O.

fi

le

dev

15

ice] [W]

Ex

ampl

e:

17

Where the pr

SYNTA

OOPEN#

eceding

X.

3, "TABLE

", L 1

letters D

28

and

(open file number 3 relative file "TA length

128

characters.)

U please refer to

BLE" with record

GET# IINPUT

#

Functi on These interpreter

to the computer.

Format

G

ET#

BA

SIC

Syntax

Ex

ampl

PRINT

#

INPUTII

Remeber don't separate the keywords with

otherwise, the computer will response.

The file#

file. please refer to

e:

refer to chapter

file", variable

file#, variable

mus

t corresponding to the

The

variables forma t of G

com

mands input

list

GET

and

FILE

PROGRAMMING

INPUT

data

give you different

opened

ET

in

from a file

II

and

BASI

C.

II

logical

INPUT

#

;

Fun

ction

Format

I

BASIC

Syntax Remember don't separate the keyword with

Ex

ampl

This interpreter

spec

PRINT#' fil

otherw i respone.

The

fil

e#

f

ile.

tr

ansfer to the spec

e: 10

OPEN

20

PRINT

30

CLOSE

REM

drive.

open

command

ifi

c logical f

e#;output list

se,

the

must co

Through that fil

15,8,

# 1

5,

15

file

ile.

compu

rresponding to the

15 "N:

TEST,ID

no.15,

output

ter will

e, the ou tput list data

ific dev

"

send

give you different

ice.

NEW

da

ta to the

opened

command

logical

can

to the

II

be

,

18

APPEND

Function

Fo

rma t

BASIC BASIC

Syntax

APPEND

mnemon ic of can data

stringS = "O:filename,A:'

7.0

APPEND#file"',

APPEND#file"',(filenameS) [,D drive"',U device"']

Remember there has no single instruction

BA

format

The filename

disk

The The drive'"

Where the

refer to SY

is

an

interpreter

append

reopen

.

SIC 2.0 that's equilvent to A

can

fi

le).

device" de

an

specific sequential file to

"filename" [,D drive"', U device"']

only work must

defau

preceding

NTA

be a string (i.e.

fault value is 8.

lt value

X.

command

direct

in

multi-command form.

is

O.

letters D

command,

PPE

and

and A is

ND,

so

name

U please

the

both

append

in

the

first

of some

Ex

ampl

e:

RECORD

Fun

ction Th

Form

at

BASIC

BASI

C 7.0

Syntax

Refer

The The recor

The byte'" value

If r

to

chapter

is interpreter

pointer to any byte of any record

st

ringS=

RECORDN-

file'" must correspond to the

file.

d'"

ecord'" number, return whe re record "'

is higher

add

FILE

PROGRAMMING

command

CHRS (80) CHRS[l

[ +

value

o-recor

CHRS

file"',record"'[.byte"']

(byte"')]

is from 1 to 65535

is from

than the preset file record

iti

onal record (INPUT

can

+CHRS (96+CHANNEL"')+

d"'

]CHRS

1 to 254

=256

* (hirec'" )+(I

set the relative file

in

the

file.

(hi-record"')

opened

'"

mode) will

logical

be

orec

"').

.

Ex

ample

:

19

Refer to

FILE

PROGRAMMING

COLLECT

!VALIDATE

Function These interpreter

directory to

is

the

V

Format

BASIC

Syntax Remember, there has

Example:

7.0

2.0 that's equilvent to first

he

T The Where the

to

10 20 30

SYNTAX.

OPEN

PRINT# CLOSE

mnemonic

stringS = "V[ALIDATE]" COLLECT

format device# drive#

can

preceding

1,8,15

1,

1

commands

get

more

[D

drive#]

only default default

"VO"

of

free asterisk files

space

validate

[,U

no

single instruction

BASIC

works value value

letters D

for

direct

device#]

7.0's

in

multi-

is

8.

is

O.

and U please

user.

'

command.

in COLLECT, command

in

BAS

IC

so the

form.

refer

CONCAT

Function

Format

BASIC

Syntax

7.0

Normally you won't

name

This

interpreter

to

CONCAT

The

trailfile

be

The

back The The Where

SYNTAX

in

directory,

command

the

end

some names

result

to mainfile. device# drive#

the

of

[D "mainfile"

and

of

the default

default

preceding

.

the

drive#,] "trailfile"

mainfile must

concatenated

have

so

nothing should free.

main

[,U

of

disk file).

value value

letter D

any asterisk before the file

is

used to

data

device#]

be

is

8.

is

O.

and U please

attach

file.

TO

strings

file will

[D

drive#,]

(ie

be

data

should

saved

refer to

file

Example: CONCAT

20

"LATER"

TO

"YEAR".

AUTO

Function

Format

I

BASIC

Syntax Remeber, there h

Ex

ampl

This

is a rarely used direct comman<:J. machine pr and

then execute it

& is the mnemonic of such

e:

stringS

The filen

Few

Create

= "& fil

execution. of user file).

lines of

this

ATUO

an

your dri

ogram

ename

ame

must be

command

command.

use

r file in

ve program

It loads the

from an user file into the drive

as

function RUN does in

command

"

as

no single instruction in

a string

isn't

AUTO

with &.

(i.e.

should

enough to implement

fil

e format. Then execu te

.

be

BASIC.

BASIC

name

for

B-A

(BlOCK-

Function

Format

I

BASIC

Syntax Th

This

The drive" is alwa The r

ALlOCATE)

direct command

as "

in

use" to avoid overwritten.

stringS = "

is

command

channel.

ang

PRINCIPLES

B-A"

e of track "

.

can

;drive .. ;tr

must

ys

be

zero

and

make specific block mark

ack";block"

sen

t through

in

sin

gle drive

block# please refer to

command

system.

21

B·F (BIOCK·

FREE)

Function

Format

I B

AS

IC

Syntax

T

This The dri

T

B·R (BIOCK·

Fun

ction T

his

direct

by

going

Or,

it

do

stringS

command

channel.

ve"

he

range

PRINCIPLE

READ)

his

direct

da

ta on the.

command

to

update

the inverse work of BLOCK·ALL

= "

B·F

" ;drive .. ;

must

is

always zero of track" S,

command

can

make specific block free

the BAM.

track"

be

sent through

and

can read

;bl

ock"

in

single drive

block"

specific

please refer to

OCATE

command

system

blo

.

ck of

•

For

mat

Syntax

stringS

Th

is

command channel read disk data.

The dri The range

PRINCIPLES

The

channel"

channel.

ve"

= "B·R" ;

and is

of tr

drive";channel

must

coopera

always zero

ack"

.

must bel

be

and

ong

.. ;

track";block"

sent Ihrough

te with

in

block"

to some

data

single drive

please refer to

opened

command

channe

system

l to

.

data

22

B-W (BIO

CK·

WRITE)

Function This direct com

bloc

k.

Format

BASIC

Syntax

B·P (BIOCK·

Function This direct command

stringS = "

This

command

channel and

da

ta onto the disk.

T

he

drive'"

T

he

range

PRINCIPLE

The

chan

channe

nel#

POINTER)

to individual byte within a block.

mand

B-W

" ;drive"';channel"';track#;b

must

coope

is

always zero in single drive

of track# a

S.

mus

t belong to some op

l.

can

wri

te data on the specific

be

sent thr

rate with

nd

block'" plea

can move the buffer

ough

channel'" to write

command

se

ened

lock#

sys

tem.

refer to

data

pOin

ter

Format

I

BA

SIC stringS = "B·P

Syntax T

his

command

chan

T

he

byte'"

The

cha

channe

";channel#;byte#

must be

nel and

is

nnel# must

l.

coope

the buffer pointer value from 0 to

sen

t through

rate with data channel"'.

belo

ng

to some opened data

command

255.

23

B-W (BIO

CK·

WRITE)

Function This direct com

bloc

k.

Format

BASIC

Syntax

B·P (BIOCK·

Function This direct command

stringS = "

This

command

channel and

da

ta onto the disk.

T

he

drive'"

T

he

range

PRINCIPLE

The

chan

channe

nel#

POINTER)

to individual byte within a block.

mand

B-W

" ;drive"';channel"';track#;b

must

coope

is

always zero in single drive

of track# a

S.

mus

t belong to some op

l.

can

wri

te data on the specific

be

sent thr

rate with

nd

block'" plea

can move the buffer

ough

channel'" to write

command

se

ened

lock#

sys

tem.

refer to

data

pOin

ter

Format

I

BA

SIC stringS = "B·P

Syntax T

his

command

chan

T

he

byte'"

The

cha

channe

";channel#;byte#

must be

nel and

is

nnel# must

l.

coope

the buffer pointer value from 0 to

sen

t through

rate with data channel"'.

belo

ng

to some opened data

command

255.

23

B·E (BIOCK·

EXECUTE)

Functi

Fo

rmat

BA

SIC

Sy

nta x

M·R

Fun

ction

on

This

direct

was contained

stringS = "B

This

command channeland ge

t the block

The

drive"

The

range of

PRINCIP

The

Chan n

channel.

command

is

LES

el"

·E"

always zero

·rack" must

(MEMORY-READ)

This

direct

contents

command

at

any location.

can

execute the buffer which

in

specific block

;drive";channel ..

must

cooperate

code

be

sent through

with

for execution.

in

single drive

and

be

can

block"

some

direct r

;track";block"

command

da

ta

channel"

please refer to

opened

ead

data

drive memory

system

to

.

Format

BA

SIC

Syntax

stringS

This

channel. The The hi" means the higher byte of t The

be

= "M.R"

command

10"

means

length"

read.

means the

CHRS(l

must

the lower byte of the start

o")CHRS(hi")

be

sent through

numbe

r of

CHR

S(length")

command

address.

he

start address.

data

which will

24

M-W

(MEMORY-WRITE)

Function

Format

BASIC

Syntax

M,E

Function

(MEMORY·EXECUTE)

This

direct

RAM

stringS

This

command

channel.

The

10#

The

hj# means the higher byte of the start address.

The

length# means the number of

be

This

direct

either

command

.

= ··MW·CHRS(lo#)CHRS(hi#)CHRS

(Iength#)

must

means the lower byte of the start address.

written.

command

in

RAM

or

can

data

be

can

ROM.

write

sent through

execute

..

data

at

onto the drive

any location

command

which will

Format

I

BASIC

Syntax

stringS = "M·E"CHRS(lo#)CHRS(hi#)

This

command

channel.

The 10#

l

ocation

The

location.

means the lower byte of the execute

.

hi# means the higher byte of the execute

must

be

sent through

command

25

HEAD/SIDE (For RF502C only)

Function Due to many existi

single s single si drives do

Format

I

BASIC

Synta x Remember, t

Ex

ampl

e: use

string$=

c

ommand

Where si

As

referenc

U

ser Command

US

10

CLOSE 1:0PE

20

FOR 1=0 PRINT# 1,

30 40

PRINT

50

CLOS

ide

from; if

de

disks, who should use two single side

(like

RF501C)

the same thing with only

"US side

his

command

channe

de#

means the side or

e,

plea

in

forma tting .

TO

"US"

# 1, "N:TES

(1

ng

program

one

. Using t

#"

l.

se note on

"UO> H si

N 1,8.

1

15

CHR$(I)

T.ID" NE

disks

want to

his

command

one drive.

must

XT I

be

head

de#"

are

formatte d in

operate

sent throu gh the

number

with two

disk

. you

(0

can

or

1).

26

C

HAPTE

R 4

USER

COMMANDS

Introduction

Other t some us

Common

Fo

rmat

I

BA

SIC stringS = "U

Synt

ax

Chara

A

Cor3

J or :

han

tne high level

er

or1

Bor2

routines for

User

This

command

channel.

S

advanced

Command

As

f

As

buffer pointer to

As

D or 4

E or 5

For

6 Gor7 Hor8

1+ 1 1-

As As As As

As "M-E" RAM

command

charaS"

must send through

"B-R"

irst

byte of bl

"B-W" "M-E"

"M-E" "M-E" "M-E" "

M-E" RAM

541

modp.

1540

Reset

mode

vecto r

, the internal

user.

Fun

ction

but

read from

ock

but

initial

RAM RAM RAM RAM

S500 S503 5506 S509 S50C S50F

command

one

DO

S provides

27

Extension " UO" Format

BA

SIC str

The

Syntax

se command

ch

charaS bit

76543

TEB TEB

000

S O S S 0 1 0 0

P I D S 0

W

OO010

F 0 0 S 1 GC 0 Y

X

011 001111 001

2 1 0 OOO

00

110

010

11

Co

mmands for RF512C only

ingS

= "UO "c

hara

S,

s must send though

annel.

1 R

10

0 0 00

0

11

ead

2 Write for CPIM

Inqu

3

Format

4

Se

5 Query for

6

GetJ

7 Utility

8

Fastl

for CPIM

ir

e for CPIM

t-up sector format for CPIM

CPI

Set sta t

oad

com

mandS

function

heade

M sector seq

us

command

r

uence

S: si

de

B: transfer to buffer

E: ignore er

T:

transfer

D:

doub

I:

Index Sectori

P:

Ftirti

al

(st

ring

S)

NOTE

1.2.

Read for CP/

commandS=desl-l

3.

Form

al

commondS=CHRS(O)=i

commandS

ro

r

to computer

le side

ng

format

mean

s CH

M

rockS)+ (de

ie.

idS

is a two

= (128 + logical-sect

/t

rockS

)+ (log icoHst-trock

RS (string#)

dS

sl-seclo

characters

rS)+

for GCR format

orS)

+ (sector

S)+

W: Write F: offset C:

ch

ange disk G: Get status only Y: file ty

X: don't

{nool-s

sIring

-s

kewS) +

(offsel

-lrack

pe

car

eclor

$) [+(nexl-traCk

(si

zes

S)+

(fi

e

S) + (Ios

llS

) + tobl

S)]

t-trock

eS for

$)

+ (sector

CP/M fo

rmal

28

size

0 128

1 2 3

4.

Sel-up

seelor formal for CP/M

if W=1 cammClndS=(sector-

byte

/secto

256

51

2

1

02

4

skewS)

r

5 Query for CPIM seclor se

if F=1

Ihen

commandS=(s

6. Getlsel status C for

if

G=O fhen c:>mmandS=(new-slatusS)

co

mmand

CHRS(seelor interleve

''S''+ "R"+C

HRS(retrie

exchange

S

s)

"I"

"M1"

"MO

"

"HO" "H1"

CHRS

(device)

8. Y=1 seque ec

For GCR

ho

ntial file

messa

For

ge

MF

Y=O

M

quence

eclor-seqS)

disk

DOS DOS ROM test 2 M

MHz

1

side a

side 1 reset

prog

ram file

function

-sector inter

-retries

Hz cloc

clock

device

Me

ani

k rate

rate

no.

com

ngs

lea

mon

ve

dS =fi

lenam

eS

0

.1

2 3

0 -

5

- 133

6

7

8

9

10

11

-

10

15

29

128.129 130

131

-

130 135

12>6

137

-

139

142 14

3 Devi

OK

Sector not found Miss Address Block not found Block checksum error Dato C Format error Ve

rify error Write protect hea

der

Dato

too

10

Mismatch Disk

change

SYNTA

X error

ce not present

Mark

RC

error

checksum error

long

C

HAPTER 5

FILE

IN

There have

random access file in th Where sequential file are working with continuous steam of

and access file

for entire file read/write.

Sequential file

Here is the flow

sequential f

AND

TRO

DUCTION

it

must

DIRECT PROGRAMMING

!WO

lypes of data file structure, s

is

disk

operating system.

readfwrite file from the beginning to end.

can

be able to access certain record without waiting

cha

rt

of how to create

ile.

I

OPEN SEQ

FILE

l

equent

and

ial file

But

manipulate a

I

and

data

random

APPEND

S

EQ

FILE

I

TO

Write to

SEQ

FIL

I I

I

CLO

SE S

EQ

Opening a file otherwise, another file will action is

a must.

Other then

7.0, the CO NC t

ogether. This provide a way to

over hard processi

data

is

finished, closing the file to complete such o

read

is

the very

loss,

be

happened

, write

AT

command

ng

beginning

occurance

. After a

and

time. •

append

can conc

Re

ad

SE

E

FILE

of file programming;

of error or even

read

function;

atenate

get

rid of

Q FILE

, write or

in

!W

large

from

I

demage

append perat

C-128

's

O

data

data-base

I

ion

BASI

files

C

30

This

demo

file

programming.

progr

am

will sh

ow

you some routines

in

sequential

10 CLOSE1:0PEN 20 30 40 50 IF 60 CLOSE

OPEN INPUT "NAMEINPUT "TEL-:

NAMES::::: "END" THEN

110

CLOSE 1:0PEN 1

120

OPEN

130

INPUT

140

PRINT

150

IF

150 C LINE

LINE

20

LINE

30.40: LINE LINE LINE

50: LINE LINE

60

10

130 140:

150:

lI'2,

ST <>64 T

LO

SE 2:

and and

:

and

2,8,

2, "@:

";

2:

CLO

2,8.2; '

SEQ

NAME$,TEL

HEN

CLOSE

110

:

120:

150:

1,8,15:

PRINT"TVPE

SEQ,S,w"

";

NAMES:INPUT#2,NAME

TEL:INPUT#

2,

TEL

30

SE 1

,8,15

,S,R"

120

1 :

PRIN

T"READ

OPEN OPEN SEQ Where

Input

Get

Printout

Command

file

@

in

data

by user then

ba

data Check input Check

End of file stcit

FINISH

data

line

20

ck from file

finish or not

CLOSE all files

END

WHEN

"

channe

for

aviod

us

FINISH"

S

l

overwritten error

put into file

From the

file

operati

program,

5T-b it MEANING

For detail

31

stat

us

on,

0

The

variable

following

Ti

tab

me

5T

le li

out

sts

is

on talker.

1 Time out on 2 Cassette 3

Cassette

data

data 4 Verify error. 5 6

7

in

file forma t,

Cassette checksum err

EOF

detected

Device not present.

please

refer to

used to

the

lis

get

meanings of 5T.

tener.

error. error.

.

APPENDI

X.

message

or.

of

There has Th

is

type

an

alternate

of

file uses byte as informati

type

of

sequential

on

element

file -

USER

file.

and set

ST

to

64 as

Here

INPUT

10

CLOSE

20

CMD

30

GET K$:

40

IF

50

CLOSE

OUTPUT

10

CLOSE

20

GET#

30

IF

40

CLOSE

EOF.

is

a si

K$

ST

mple

program

2:0PEN 2,8,

2

PRINT

CHRS

KS;

[17)THEN

2

2:0PEN 2,8,2,

2,KSPRINT

64

THEN

K$;

20

1

in

using

2"USER,U,W"

30:REM

"USER,U,R"

USER

CTR

-Q

file.

32

RANDOM

ACCESS

FILE

It is also Programmer

records without take

T.he relative file

sector has it

According The following

read

10 20 30 40

50 60

70 80

90 IF

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

1

70

180 190

200 210

calied

to its formal, some

the relative file.

DOPEN# RECORD# DCLOSE FOR

1=1 DOPEN# INPUT"NAME IF

LEN(NAME

INPUT "TEL

LEN[TEL D$=NAME$ RECORD# PRINT# 1,D$ DCLOSE 1

NE

XT I FOR

1=1 DOPENiI' RECORD#' INPUTii' 1,NAME$,TEL PRINT DCLO

NE

NAME$; ':"':',

SE 1

XT I

RELATIVE

can

easy build-

is established by

data

demo progr

1.

1

TO

1.

TO

1, "REL

pointer that point to individual

"

REL,L

1,30

10

"

REL,L20"

- ";

$) > 10

- :"

;TEL

$»

10

+CHR$

1,D$

10

1,

(1),

care

20"

NA$

$

THEN

(13)

,20"

1

TEL

FILE

of

am

THEN

80

+TEL$

$

in this

up the

the

who

six

DOS

shows

60

sys

tem.

file structure into fields

le file

side-sectors

utl

iti

es

you how to creat

in

program.

can't

and

each

data

work normally.

e,

wirte

and

side-

block.

and

LINE LINE LINE

Because user

append

33

10

to

40 to

150

to

function

30:

140:

210:

Create Write ten pairs of

Re

ad

can

easily r

is

need

da

REL

ta

edef

s.

fil

e

data

back from

ine the record length.

onto it

file

So,

no

DIRECT -BlO

CK PROGRAMMING

Other then file

itself wi

drive Demo for

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

110 LINE 10

LINE LINE

LINE LINE LINE

LINE LINE 80: LINE LINE LINE

th

very

RAM

as buffer for

block

INPUT "DI CLO

SE

1:0 CLOSE 2:0 PRINT.!' PRINT'" GET.!'

1, "UI

1,

2.1S:GET#2,DS:IDS=IS+DS

PRINT"OLD PRINT'" PRINT'" PRINT#

CL

OSE

1, "B-P

2,X$

1, "U2:2 0";18;0

2:CLOSE 1

: Input new disk 20: 30:

40: 50: 60: 70:

Open Open or

one

Using Set Get Display the old 10 Again,

90: Input new

100

: Using U2 to substitute blOCk-write on track18 sector 0

110:

Close file

operation, Jser

less

involute in

programm

data

read, write

and

SK ID':X$

PEN 1,8,15

PEN

2,8,2,

"#"

:2 0"; 18:0

"B-P";2;162

10

I

S";IO$

";2;162

10

code

command

channel

buffer channel

can

put a specific buffer number affer "

U1

to

substi

tute block-read on track 18 sector 0

block-pointer to

10

set

pointer to

10

into buffer

can

directly mainpulate the disk

ing.The way

is

processing.

its

162

paint

(i.e.

ID

er.

code

location)

162

using the

#"

Oemo for block-ass

10

CLOSE

15

PRINT# 20 30

40 50 60 GOS

70

PRINT#

PRINT'"

GOSUB

PRINT.!'

UB

ENO

34

ign

fun

1:0

PEN 1,8,15 1, "IC6" 1, "B-F:'0;18;1

1,

"B-A

"0;18;1

100

1,

"B-A"0;18;1

100

ction

: REM free the block :R

EM

:R

EM

:

REM allocate

:

REM

allocate OK

message

no

block now

such block

it

again

100

IMPUT# 1,EN,EMS,ET,ES

110

PRINT EN,

120

RETURN

This

simple

functions. If a er

ror; otherwise,

And

there has a rarely use B-E

w

il

l t

ake

up

program.

EMS,ET,ES

program

block

no

the

execu

shows t

he

BLOCK-FREE

is

bee

n free, it

block

availab

te block, bef

can

le

erro

command.

ore

you run your

and

be all

r willi

Be

sure

BLOCK-ALL

ocated be

appeared

which

machine

OC

ATE

without

buffer

DIRECT -MEMORY

By

analogy

B-R,

B-W

10

INPUT "TYP 20 L= 30

CLOSE

40

PRINT#

45

60

OPEN

50 70

80 90

PRINT# FOR

GET# 1,KS

PRINT

NE 100 CLOSE 1 110

OPEN 1,8, 120

PRINT# 130 C

and

LEN(

I=1

KS

XT I:

LOSE

with

PEEK, POKE

B E in DO

E A

WORD

KS)

1:0PEN

1"M-W"CHRS(05)CHRS(05)CHRS(L)KS

1,8,15

1, "M-R"CHRS(05)

TO

PRIN

15

1, "M-E

1

1,8,

L:

F-DOES

" CHRS (160)CHRS(234)

PROGRAMMING

S.

";KS

15

THIS

and SYS

CHRS

CORRECT?"

in

BASI

(05)CHRS(L)

C,

it

is

easy to

:CLOSE

handle

In

line 40, it use M-W

Then, it use M-R as

program

35

use line

as POKE

PEEK

120

to

to put

to

get

execute a drive SYS - 5472

string

such string

KS

into drive's

back

RAM

. Finally, the

.

APPENDIX

A

QUESTIONS

Q :

How

A:

Pl that the power

Q:

How to

A:

Turn Fbwer on the drive again. manua

Q: How

A:

normally, dr th

Q :

If

A:

Turn

it.

Q:

"THE

A: Check the din

(or 9.1

to

do

ug the

ive with the computer

en some service

the drive

Then.

AC

do

off the drive

l to

to

do

off your drive

try to

DEVICE

0,11)

AND

if

the L

adaptor

if the drive active

do

if the dr

this

canno

IS

to match your program.

ANSWERS

ED

never light?

and din

is

okay.

and

so.

is

an

t r

ead

and

read

NOT

PRESENT"

cab

Sw

then disconnet

ive

act

error action.

and

for

the drive

a well prepared disk. what's wrong?

insert the head-protection sheet into

your disk

le fi

rs!.

then set the dri

cab

itch the drive power on.

lamp

If

it's

ive L

ED

power

again.

message

le correctly; make sure

doesn't turn off?

it

with the computer.

all right then follow the

blinks?

First

up

is

need.

of all

, disconnect the

it again.

is

always

ves

If

it

shown.

selector

still

blinks

why?

to

8

Q:

The drive doesn't respone to the

A:

Check the din

it

again.

Q :

Why

A:

Type "PRINT DS" or

son.

unless it blinks

Q: How to avoid error occurance?

A: Please follow these instructions below for convenience

operating. Don't write on a protected di Don't Don't forget to close a file when Don't for Don't use

communication. Don't crave too much Don't

Redo your procedure.

does the L

Sometimes,

open

get

operate with any nonexistence

cab

le

first and

ED bli

continually.

an

opened file.

to

open data file for bl

channel other than

nk

RUN

there

on

while pr

the error routine to

is

not

the disk to avoid "NO BLOCK"

computer.

reset the drive by power on

ogram

an

error for the

sk.

operations are completed.

is

in

progress?

;-

-~

ock

programming.

15

for

file,

track or sector.

get

the rea -

~

ED

blinking,

command

error.

in

36

APPENDIX

B

DISK

This disk hierarc hy

DIRECTORY-HEADER

Commodore RF512C, RF502C, RF501C Operational Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual