Cole-Parmer 79203-00, 79203-05, 79203-10, 79203-20, 79203-30 Instruction Manual
...
Laboratory Vacuum Pumps
Owner’s Manual
for Models:
79203-00/-05/-10/-20/-30/-40/-45/-50/-55
New and improved
inlet connection.
See Section 2.10
for details.
WARNING
Do not block the exhaust port. Pressure will build up with the
potential of the oil case bursting with possible injury to personnel.
WARNING
Pumps being run continuously above 1 torr should use an
exhaust oil recycler.
WARNING
Pumps not recommended for filtration, aspiration or drying
electrophoresis gels
Cole-Parmer Instrument Company
625 East Bunker Court
Vernon Hills, IL 60061-1844
Phone: 1-800-323-4340
Fax: 847-247-2929
E-Mail: info@coleparmer.com P/N 67-1383R2.3
Web-Page: www.coleparmer.com Printed in USA
INSTRUCTION
WARNING AND CAUTION
PLEASE READ BEFORE OPERATION
While reading your manual, please pay close attention to areas labeled W ARNING AND CAUTIONS. The
description of each is found below .
WARNING
W arnings are given where failure to observe instruction
could result in injury or death to people
CAUTION
Cautions are found where failure to observe the instruction should
result in damage to the equipment, associated equipment and process.
These units conform to the SI International system of units of measurement.
The following symbols (with recommendations of IEC1010) of warning will be found on the pump.
Caution - refer to accompanying documents
Caution - risk of electrical shock
Caution - hot surf ace
WARNING
Motor includes a self reseting thermal cut-out and the pump could restart
without actuation under fault condition.
2
CONTENTS
Section 1 - Installation
1.1 Unpacking
1.2 Pump Mounting
1.3 Pump Location
1.4 Exhaust Provisions
1.5 Electric Power
1.6 V acuum Connections
1.7 V acuum Gauges
1.8 V acuum Pump Oil
Section 2 - Pump Features & Principles of Operation
2.1 General Description
2.2 Principles of V acuum Pump Operation
2.3 Effects of Continued Pressure Reduction
2.4 Ultimate Pressure
2.5 Pump Mechanism Description
2.6 Intake Anti-suckback Isolation Valve
2.7 Pump Lubrication
2.8 Exhaust Filter
2.9 Gas Ballast V alve
2.10 Unibarb Intake Fitting
Section 3 - Specifications
Pump Specifications Chart
Section 4 - Motor Power Specifications/Features
Motor Specifications Chart
4.1 General Information
4.2 Changing the voltage setting
4.3 Choosing electrical powercord
4.4 Other electrical configurations
4.5 Explosion Proof Pumps
Section 5 - Operation
5.1 Starting Procedure
5.2 High Pressure Operation
5.3 Shutdown Procedures
3
Section 6 - Maintenance
6.1 Vacuum Problems
6.2 Oil Change
6.3 Developing a Maintenance Schedule
6.4 Forced Oil Flushing
6.5 Lip Seal/Gasket Change
Section 7 - T roubleshooting
7.1 Leak Detection
7.2 Troubleshooting Guide
Section 8 - Repair Kits
8.1 Shaft Seal Replacement
8.2 Minor Repair Kits
8.3 Major Factory Repair
Section 9 - Accessories
9.1 General
9.2 Pump Oil
9.3 Exhaust Filters
9.4 Traps
9.5 V acuum Gauge
Section 10 - Dimentional Drawings/Speed Curves
10.1 Pumping Speed Curves
10.2 Dimensional Drawings
10.3 Exploded Diagrams and Parts Lists
79203-00 / -05: Part List, Pump Model, Pump Module, Oil Case
79203-10: Part List, Pump Model, Pump Module, Oil Case
79203-20: Part List, Pump Model, Pump Module, Oil Case
79203-30: Part List, Pump Model, Pump Module, Oil Case
79203-40 / -45: Part List, Pump Model, Pump Module, Oil Case
79203-50 / -55: Part List, Pump Model, Pump Module, Oil Case
Section 11 - Warranty
MSDS - 79201-74 - Vacuum Pump Oil
4
Section 1: INSTALLATION
1.1 Unpacking
Carefully remove the pump from the shipping carton. Keep all paperwork and inspection tags for future reference.
If shipping damage has occurred, a claim must be filed with the carrier immediately; keep the shipping container for
inspection by the carrier.
1.2 Pump Mounting
Rubber bumpers are supplied with the pump base. They isolate noise and eliminate creeping. For more rigid
mounting requirements the pump base can be bolted directly to a surface by removing the bumpers from the base and
using the mounting holes and slots featured on the base.
1.3 Pump Location
The pump should be located in a clean and well-ventilated area and adequate space should be provided wherever
possible for routine maintenance such as oil changes. For best performance, the pump should be located as closely as
possible to its system. Determining factors for pump location should include length and size of connections, the
number of bends, and the type of exhaust connections.
1.4 Exhaust Provisions
Exhaust connections will be determined by the type of system to be exhausted and the desired cleanliness of the air
surrounding the pump. Under normal pumping conditions the optional exhaust filter will be adequate. Refer to
Section 9, Accessories for available exhaust filters. Where extreme exhaust conditions are encountered, it is best to
pipe the exhaust out of the building. Always use thick walled rubber vacuum hose, wire reinforced PVC tubing or
metal pipe for exhaust lines to avoid the possibility of the line becoming crimped or collapsing resulting in dangerous
exhaust line blockage.
The pumps’ exhaust connection is a 1”-20 threaded port for Models 79203-10, 79203-20 and 79203-30. The port is
located opposite the inlet port on top of the oil reservoir. The models 79203-10 and 79203-20 will accept Model 1417P
Exhaust Filter. Model 79203-30 accepts Model 1417P-7 Exhaust Filter. If a hose nipple is preferred for the exhaust
port, use part number 1393K for models 79203-10, 79203-20 and 79203-30. Call Cole-Parmer customer support
1-800-323-4340, prior to start-up if you have any questions.
WARNING
Never block or impede air flow from the exhaust port. High pressure
can build up within the oil reservoir if the exhaust port is blocked.
Check frequently , especially if exhaust is piped out of the building.
1.5 Electric Power
The voltage setting is perminantly displayed in a small window on the pump motor electrical box. The window is
located next to the power cord connection.
CAUTION
Make certain the power settings on the pump match your power
source before attempting to operate the pump. (Additional
information can be found in section 4: Motor Power).
5
1.6 V acuum Connections
"
The pump inlet is equipped with a Unibarb, see table below . The inlet is located next to the pump handle. It contains
a screen to collect any debris from getting into the pump. An extensive line of vacuum pump hoses, traps, etc. is
available from Cole-Parmer to meet the requirements of most vacuum systems. For the best vacuum, use a hose
clamp in conjunction with a vacuum hose to hose nipple connections. Cole-Parmer offers a number of different types
of vacuum tubing and connectors.
See Section 9 - Accessories or call Cole-Parmer customer support 1-800-323-4340.
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The choice of connections and fittings can have a very marked effect on the pumping speed at the vacuum chamber .
Any connection placed between the pump and the chamber creates an impedance to the flow of gas. This is
particularly true at low pressures in the millitorr range where the gas flow is substantially molecular in character. The
gas flow is then dependent upon the kinetic activity of the molecules to bring it to the pump intake. This impedance
is described by the term “conductance”.
The conductance of a tube is proportional to the cube of its diameter and inversely proportional to its length. Therefore, connecting lines should be as large in diameter and as short in length as practical. For best results the diameter
of the connecting tube should be at least as large as the diameter of the pump intake. To avoid a large reduction in
pumping speed at the vacuum chamber, the conductance of the line must be considerably greater than the speed of
the pump. Sharp bends in vacuum lines also contribute to conductance. To avoid reductions in pumping speed,
minimize the number of 90º angles in the vacuum system.
1.7 Vacuum Gauges
The type of vacuum gauge to be used in a system is determined largely by the pressure range to be measured. A
thermocouple or pirani gauge is recommended for measuring pressures in the range produced by these pumps. See
W ebsite or call for additional information.
1.8 V acuum Pump Oil
WARNING
The vacuum pump is shipped without oil inside to prevent possible
spillage during shipment. Oil must be added prior to use.
Use only Cole-Parmer V acuum Pump Oil Part No. 79201-74
Filling with Fresh Oil
Be sure the pump is filled with oil to the level indicated on the oil fill window . When additional oil is required, use only
Vacuum Pump Oil Part No. 79201-74; pump performance is not guaranteed with other brands of oil. Do not overfill
the pump, and be sure to replace the oil fill plug. Remove the oil fill plug located on the top of the oil case and add the
oil supplied in a bottle packaged with each pump. To ensure efficient operation and proper maintenance, and to
minimize noise and oil vapors, it is important to use the correct type and quantity of Cole-Parmer Vacuum Pump Oil
Part No. 79201-74 has been especially developed to have the proper viscosity, low vapor pressure, and chemical
stability needed to produce peak pumping efficiency . A sufficient amount of vacuum pump oil, enough for one fill, is
shipped with every pump.
Do not use oils designated Grade 18, 19 or 20.
Remove the fill plug located on the top of the oil case and add pump oil. It is best to check the oil window located on
the front of the oil case for oil level when the pump is running. Do not over fill the pump, and be sure to replace the oil
fill plug.
.
6
WARNING
Operating temperature of the oil is hot and can cause burns.
Avoid skin contact with the oil.
The fill plug has a raised middle section and a center slot for easy turning either by hand or with a screwdriver .
After the pump has been running for at least 15 minutes, check the oil level again. The oil level should be maintained
at the “full” mark on the oil level window while the pump is operating. Do not overfill; excess oil tends to be splashed
out the pump exhaust.
Guidelines for the frequency of oil changes and the oil changing procedure
can be found in Section 6-2: Oil Change.
1.9 Pumping Condesable V apors
Liquids can collect in a vacuum pump by being ingested or sucked directly into the pump, or by its vapors condensing
in the pump.
Never allow this pump to ingest liquids directly into the pump. If this should occur, drain the oil, replace with a fresh
supply and prevent a reoccurence.
To prevent condensable vapors from condensing in the vacuum pump, several measures should be taken. Thes
include:
1) Use of the Gas Ballast: It is located at the top of the pump next to the inlet. Turning the gray cap
clockwise opens the valve, letting a small amount of air into the pump.
2) Control of pressure in the system. Not all vacuum system need to, or should be, operated at the
lowest pressure possible for the pump.
WARNING
Cole-Parmer V acuum Pumps should not be operated above 1 T orr
(10mm Hg) for extended periods of time, while unattended.
DO NOT use the pumps for FILTRATION or ASPIRATION.
3) Trap condensable vapors in a cold trap. IF the pressure of the system must be set at or near the
ultimate pressure of the pump (ruling out the use of the gas ballast), or if the vapor load is high,
use of a cold trap is recommended. There are dry ice traps (-75º C), liquid nitrogen traps (-100º C)
and refrigerated traps (-25º C to -80º C). See Section 9, Accessories.
7
Section 2: PUMP FEATURES AND PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
2.1 General Description
The Cole-Parmer Vacuum Pumps are two-stage, rotary-vane, oil sealed vacuum pumps. The three Cole-Parmer
models 79203-10, 79203-20 and 79203-30 offer a range of free air displacements (FAD) from 70 L/min (2.6 CFM)
to 173 L/min (6.1 CFM) at 60 Hz and from 58 L/mm to 141 L/min (8.4 m
79203-10, 79203-20 and 79203-30 Cole-Parmer models is 1 x 10-4 torr.
Cole-Parmer vacuum pumps offer a number of features that improve performance, or protect the pump or vacuum
system under specific operating conditions. Some of these features are a gas ballast, an intake anti-suck-back
isolation valve (or solenoid), and airflow cooling.
The pumps also offer features to enhance the flexibility of the pump and make it easier to use and maintain. These
include an easy pour oil drain, and auxiliary vacuum port to power accessories.
2.2 Principles of V acuum Pump Operation
The main purpose of a vacuum pump is to reduce the pressure in a vessel or a closed system. The degree of pressure
reduction is dependent upon the requirements of the application and the type of vacuum pump employed.
A quantity of gas is removed from the system with each cycle of the pump. Therefore, the pressure of the gas
remaining in the system is reduced with each pump cycle. Since the pump can remove only a small portion of the gas
with each pump cycle, this method of evacuation can never completely remove all gas in the vessel. Also, all components of the system contain minute sources of gas leakage wich are impossible to seal completely against atmospheric
pressure. Out gassing of material within the system provides additional sources of gas.
3hr-1
) at 50 Hz. The ultimate vacuum of
As a result, after prolonged pumping, a state of equlibrium is reached in wich the gas introduced from all of the
leakage sources is balanced by the ability of the pump to remove gas from the system. This state of equlibrium is
referred to as the ultimate pressure or blankoff pressure of the pump and its system.
2.3 Effects of Continued Pressure Reduction
The quantity of gas in the vessel is reduced with each evacuation cycle. The gas remaining in the vessel expands to
fill the vessel and consequently with each cycle the pressure in the vessel is reduced. This is a manifestation of
Boyle’s Law which states that, for a constant temperature, the volume of a body of gas is inversely proportional to its
pressure; i.e., if the volume is enlarged the pressure must be reduced.
As the amount of gas in the vessel is steadily diminished, its pressure is correspondingly reduced. The action of the
pump must therefore compress a successively smaller quantity of gas with each cycle to something greater than
atmospheric pressure in order to expel it from the pump.
At the beginning of an evacuation sequence, the compression ratio is very small. In the first cycle of operation the
pump draws in a volume of gas at atmospheric pressure and expels it at approximately atmospheric pressure. In
contrast, near its ultimate pressure, a pump draws in gas at (for example) 30 millitorr and must compress it to more
than 760,000 millitorr (atmospheric pressure) in order to expel it from the pump. Since the exhaust valve is generally
spring loaded to provide a good seal, the pressure required to open it is somewhat greater than atmospheric pressure.
Therefore, at an ultimate pressure of 1.3 X 10-4 mbar 0.1 millitorr, (1 x 10-4 T orr) the compression ratio performed by
the pump is greater than 1,000,000 to 1.
8
2.4 Ultimate Pressure.
As described previously , a quantity of gas is removed from the system with each cycle of the pump. Therefore, the
pressure of the gas remaining in the system is reduced with each pump cycle. Since the pump can remove only a
small portion of the gas with each pump cycle, it is obvious that this method of evacuation can never completely
remove all the gas in the vessel. In addition to this, all the components of the system contain minute sources of gas
leakage which are impossible to seal completely against atmospheric pressure. Outgassing of materials within the
system provide additional sources of gas.
As a result, after prolonged pumping, a state of equilibrium is reached in which the gas introduced from all the leakage
sources is balanced by the ability of the pump to remove gas from the system. This state of equilibrium is referred to
as the ultimate pressure or blankoff pressure of the pump and its system. No matter how much additional pumping
time is provided, no further reduction in system pressure will be accomplished once ultimate pressure is attained.
2.5 Pump Mechanism Description
The Cole-Parmer Vacuum Pumps incorporate two in-line rotary-vane stages with interconnecting ports. In operation,
the intake stage is at a lower pressure and the exhaust stage is at a higher pressure relative to each other. Each stage
contains a rotor assembly consisting of a rotor with two vanes and a stator. The pumps shaft turn the rotors, causing
the vanes in each section to sweep the surface of their stators. The vanes are pressed against the stators by centrifugal force and/or springs.
2.6 Intake Antisuckback Isolation V alve.
When power to the pump is turned off, this valve closes automatically, maintaining vacuum in the system being
evacuated, and vents the inside of the pump to atmospheric pressure. The solenoid is wired to the pump’s on-off
switch. When the pump is turned on, the solenoid plunger opens the valve to allow gas to flow into the pump intake.
2.7 Pump Lubrication.
T o ensure efficient operation and proper maintenance, and to minimize noise and oil vapors, it is important to use the
correct type and quantity of oil. Cole-Parmer Vacuum Pump Oil Part No.79201-74 has been especially developed to
have the proper viscosity , low vapor pressure, and chemical stability needed to produce peak pumping efficiency . The
ultimate vacuum guarantee on Cole-Parmer pumps applies only when this oil is used. Therefore, Cole-Parmer
Vacuum Pump Oil Part No.79201-74 is the only oil recommended for use with these pumps. Each pump is supplied
with a bottle of oil sufficient for filling. Additional oil is available. See Section 9: Accessories.
In Models 79203-10 and 79203-20, oil is fed into the pumping chamber by the differential pressures created by the
rotation of the pump. Oil metered into the pump through a narrow opening is sufficient to lubricate and seal the
moving parts, permitting the pumping of gas a relatively low pressure levels. Model 79203-30 uses a positive placement lubrication system which actively forces lubricating oil onto pumping surfaces.
2.8 Exhaust Filter .
Any oil-sealed vacuum pump tends to discharge oil mist from its exhaust port when the pump operates under highflow conditions, such as when the pump’s intake is at or near atmospheric pressure. T ypically , oil mist in the form of
a white puff of “smoke” can be seen from the exhaust port when no filter is used. Once the vacuum level and the
corresponding air flow through the pump are reduced, very little, if any , oil mist will be emitted.
An optional exhaust filter is recommended for any vacuum pump installation where the pump operates at high intake
pressures for a prolonged period of time. Oil droplets entrained in the pump’s exhaust are removed by the exhaust
filter element. Use of an exhaust filter typically reduces or baffles pump noise as well. Exhaust filters are sometimes referred to as Oil Mist Eliminators. See Section 9 - Accessories.
9
2.9 Gas Ballast Valve.
"
The Cole-Parmer Vacuum Pumps have a gas ballast valve that can increase the pump’s water vapor tolerance.
(The gas ballast valve is sometimes referred to as a vented exhaust valve.) In many vacuum pump applications the
gases being pumped from a system are a combination of permanent gases and undesirable vapors such as water
vapor. Under some conditions, the vapors condense in the second stage of the pump and contaminate the oil. The
gas ballast valve reduces oil contamination by decreasing or eliminating vapor condensation.
Vapor condensation is most likely to take place when the gas compression ratio is high, i.e. when the pump compresses a relatively large volume of gas to a small volume. Whether or not condensation takes place is dependent
upon several factors, including the proportion of permanent gases to vapors at the pump intake. If the gases being
pumped consist entirely of vapors, condensation will definitely occur unless the gas ballast valve is opened. The gas
ballast valve adds a small amount of air at atmospheric pressure to the gas being compressed in the second stage.
This reduces the compression required to push the gas out past the exhaust valve (less reduction in volume is
required), and therefore reduces or eliminates condensation.
When the gas ballast valve is open, the pump has to work a little harder, resulting in a slight increase in operating
temperature. The increase in temperature is small, however, and is not harmful to the pump. Also, the pump is
slightly noisier, and the pump’s ultimate pressure is somewhat reduced. Therefore, the gas ballast valve should be
kept closed when it is not needed. Note that the gas ballast is not equally effective on all vapors, so it does not always
eliminate condensation completely.
2.10 UnibarbTM Intake Fitting - Simplifies Small Hose Connections
The Unibarb intake fitting allows the user to be able to use a wide range of ID hose to connect to the system. The
choice of hose size can have a very marked difference on pumping speed. It is the best to have the largest
connection I.D.(internal diameters) as possible. However, we recognize many lab appliances use hose barbs
accepting small I.D. hose.
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The conductance of a tube is proportional to the cube of its diameter and inversely proportional to its length.
Therefore, connecting line should be as large in diameter and short in length as practical.
Included is a free hose clamp to hold the hose in place.
10
Section 3: PUMP SPECIFICATION
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Section 4: ELECTRICAL POWER SETTINGS
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** See Section 4.2 Changing the Voltage setting to see simple conversion between: LV and HV.
4.1 General
Models 79203-10, 79203-20, 79203-30, 79203-40, 79203-45, 79203-50 and 79203-55 include “global motors” to allow
use with most electrical power systems around the world. The pumps may be set for low voltage (LV) allowing use
in power systems within the voltage range, 100 to 120 volts and frequencies of 60 Hz or 50 Hz. They may also be set
for high voltage (HV) allowing use in power systems within the voltage range 200 to 230 volts and frequencies
of 60 Hz or 50 Hz.
CAUTION
Make certain that the voltage setting (L V or HV) is in the correct range
for your power before plugging in.
4.2 Changing the V oltage Setting
The voltage setting is permanently displayed in a small window on the pump motor electrical box. The window is
located next to the power cord connection and displays either LV for 100-120V or HV for 200-230V.
To change VOLTAGE setting:
1. Disconnect the electrical power cord.
2. Open the motor electrical box by removing the
four screws and removing the cover.
3. Locate the voltage selection switch next
to the external electrical power cord connector.
4. Remove the voltage marker (61-6071).
The switch is very tightly installed.
T o remove, place index and middle
finger along the top edge and pull backwards.
5. Change the voltage selection switch (61-1303)
to the opposite position.
6. Rotate the voltage marker, 180° and insert
into previous location. The voltage marker
is keyed to the switch setting so that it
can only display the correct setting. The
selected voltage setting can been seen through
the window in the electrical box.
7. Replace the electrical box cover
before reconnection the power cord.
Figure 4.1
12
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