Codan NGT User guide

HF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

Reference Manual

NGT Transceiver

No part of this manual may be reproduced, transcribed, translated into any language or transmitted in any form whatsoever without the prior written consent of Codan Limited.

Codan part number 15-04126-EN Issue 9, April 2011.

CODAN™, NGT™, Easitalk™, CIB™ and CALM™ are trademarks of Codan Limited. Other brand, product, and company names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

The English version takes precedence over any translated versions.

1 About this manual

Standards and icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Acronyms and abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Unit multipliers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

About this issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

2 HF radio transmission

HF radio transmission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Frequency, distance and time of day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Channels and modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Networks and scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Etiquette for the use of HF radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

3 The NGT Transceiver

The 2020 Handset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Hot keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

The NGT Desk Console with handset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

4 Installation

Types of stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Mobile station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Fixed station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Types of mobile antennas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Automatic tuning whip antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Tapped whip antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Types of fixed antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Vertical whip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

End-fed broadband antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Broadband dipole antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Long wire antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Quick-to-erect dipole antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Installing the transceiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Positioning the transceiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Positioning the control devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Positioning the antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Positioning the tuner (fixed station only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Grounding the transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

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Grounding the antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Connecting the antenna to the transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Power supply factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Installing the cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Connecting the power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Protecting the cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Radio frequency interference (mobile stations only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Types of noise. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Noise from the ignition system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Noise from the battery-charging system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Other noise sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Noise suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Tuning the mobile antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Troubleshooting the installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Testing the installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Standing wave ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

On-air testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

5 Operating the transceiver

Switching on the transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

The handset screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

The channel screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Selecting a channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Entering and editing text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

The editable screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Editing a screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Quick Start. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Muting the transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Scanning channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Using the microphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Finding words and values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Setting the basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Setting the time and date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Displaying the local time and date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Entering your station self address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Changing the screen contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Changing the screen brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Using hot keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Tuning the antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Automatic tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Manual tuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

ii NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

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Using the clarifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Reducing background noise with Easitalk™ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

6 Using lists

The Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

Selecting a list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

The List Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Using the List Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Entries in the List Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

Setting a marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Setting the home screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

Changing a setting in the Control List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104

Making changes to all other lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

Saving call log information to the Address List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Saving GPS information to the Address List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Hiding and showing settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Grouping and ungrouping entries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Restricting access to information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

Logging in to admin level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Displaying full and normal view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Hiding and showing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Locking and unlocking information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

7 The Channel List

About channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Settings in the Channel List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Programming the Channel List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

8 The Network List

About networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Settings in the Network List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

Special network names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142

Programming the Network List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143

9 The Phone Link List

About phone links. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148

Settings in the Phone Link List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148

Programming the Phone Link List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149

10 The Address List

About the Address List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

Settings in the Address List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

Setting up the emergency key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155

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Calling one station in an emergency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Calling several stations in an emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Storing GPS information in the Address List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Storing your GPS information in a transceiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Saving GPS information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Programming the Address List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

11 Making and receiving calls

Calls you can make and receive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

ALL address syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Call types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Group calls in a Codan Selcall network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Recognised variable expansion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Making a call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

Listen Before Transmit Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

Testing the quality of a channel in a Codan Selcall network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Using multiple addresses for calls in an ALE/CALM network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Other ways to make calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Calling methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

The Calls Out Log. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Receiving a call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

The Calls In Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

12 The Control List

Entries in the Control List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

ALE entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Auto Resume entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Devices entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Accessing lists from the Devices entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

GPS Screen entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Messages entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

RS232 Startup entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Welcome text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

13 The Keypad List

14 The Mode List

15 CES-128 voice encryptor option

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Using the CES-128 voice encryptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

Setting up the CES-128 voice encryptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

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16 AES-256 digital voice encryptor option

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254

Using the AES-256 digital voice encryptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255

Setting up the AES-256 digital voice encryptor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .262

17 AES-256 digital data encryptor option

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268

Setting up the transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269

Installing the driver for the cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269

Connecting the data modem, computer and transceiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269

Using the AES-256 digital data encryptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270

Setting up the AES-256 digital data encryptor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276

Using the AES-256 digital data encryptor with a voice encryptor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .277

Using the AES-256 digital data encryptor with the AES-256 digital voice encryptor . . . . . . . .277

Using the AES-256 digital data encryptor with the CES-128 voice encryptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . .279

Operating the data modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281

Uninstalling the data modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281

18 Using the transceiver in free tune and Amateur Mode

Using the transceiver in free tune. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284

Creating a channel in free tune. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Using the transceiver in Amateur Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

19 Hot keys

About hot keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Full-time and part-time hot keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Assigning several macros to one key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Automating several tasks with one macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Troubleshooting macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Storing macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292

Ideas for creating macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292

Creating a macro and assigning it to a hot key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293

Copying a macro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296

Moving a macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .297

Renaming a macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298

Deleting a macro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298

Creating a macro to perform two or more tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299

Special macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301

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20 Connectors

RF unit connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

CIB connector (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

Antenna control connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

DC supply connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

RF connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Fan connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

10-way connector (NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

6-way serial data connector (NGT AR Voice Transceivers only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Handset and speaker connector (NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Junction box connectors (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

Handset connector (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

CIB connectors (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Speaker connector (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

9-way serial data connector (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

15-way GPIO connector (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Desk console connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

Headphone jack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

Handset connector (Code 766 Desk Console only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

10-way connector (Code 766 Desk Console only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

21 System messages

22 Specifications

Appendix A—Hot key examples

Appendix B—Get Status calls

Diagnostic and Configuration Get Status calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Broadcast Site and Request Site Get Status calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Appendix C—Forgotten passwords

Appendix D—Operating the transceiver from a computer

About CICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

Using CICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

Setting up CICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

Terms used in CICS and the NGT Transceiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

CICS commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

alecall command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

aletelcall command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

call command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

chan command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

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echo command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .369

freq command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .370

gpsbeacon command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .371

gpsposition command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .372

hangup command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .372

help command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373

lbt command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373

lock command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .374

mode command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .375

mute command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .375

pagecall command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .376

prompt command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .377

ptt command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .378

scan command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379

secure command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380

selbeacon command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382

selcall command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .383

selfid command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .384

set command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385

sideband command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .386

statusack command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .387

statuscall command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .388

statustime command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .389

telcall command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .390

ver command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .390

Summary of command syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .391

CICS response messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .395

CICS error messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .399

Appendix E—Compatibility between CICS V2 and V3.00 (or later)

Using = and ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .406

Using channel names or channel numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .407

Using scan tables or networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .407

Using upper-case or lower-case text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408

Using quotation marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408

Using addresses with or without a network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409

Appendix F—Controlling user access

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .412

Syntax for the Message 10 entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414

Activating configuration commands in the Message 10 entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414

Controlling access to the List Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .415

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Controlling access to admin level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418

Controlling access to call types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

Controlling access to holding CALL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420

Controlling access to creating a channel in free tune . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420

Controlling access to CES-128 voice encryptor options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

Controlling access to AES-256 digital voice and data encryptor options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424

Controlling access to erasing secure keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426

Enabling medium power level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426

Enabling interchange of junction boxes and RF units that use admin passwords. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

Enabling the automatic removal of the incoming call pop-up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

Enabling GPS format options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428

Enabling user interface options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429

Enabling access to site manager information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430

Enabling priority messaging options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432

Enabling external alarm options (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434

Appendix G—Compliance

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438

European R&TTE Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438

EMC and safety notices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439

FCC compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

C-tick approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

Index

viii NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

List of figures

Figure 1: The reflective properties of the ionosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Figure 2: The NGT AR and SR Transceivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Figure 3: The NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Figure 4: The 2020 Handset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Figure 5: The NGT Desk Console with handset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Figure 6: A typical mobile station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Figure 7: A typical fixed station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Figure 8: The handset screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Figure 9: The handset screen displaying a value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Figure 10: The channel screen in the Channel List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

Figure 11: The scanning screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Figure 12: Editable screen showing upper-case text entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Figure 13: Editable screen showing lower-case text entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Figure 14: Editable screen showing numeric text entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Figure 15: Editable screen showing slider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Figure 16: The contents of the Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

Figure 17: Examples of entries, settings and values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Figure 18: The Address List with settings shown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Figure 19: The Address List with settings hidden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Figure 20: Ungrouped entries in a list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Figure 21: Grouped entries in a list, level one . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Figure 22: Grouped entries in a list, levels one and two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Figure 23: Ungrouped and grouped entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Figure 24: Locking and hiding grouped entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

Figure 25: Full view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Figure 26: An example of information stored in the Network List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

Figure 27: The handset screen during a chain call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157

Figure 28: The Calls Out Log showing a Selective call made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Figure 29: The Calls Out Log showing a Message call made . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Figure 30: An incoming call screen for a Selective call. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

Figure 31: An incoming call screen for a Message call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

Figure 32: The Calls In Log showing a Selective call received. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Figure 33: The Calls In Log showing a Message call received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Figure 34: The Calls In Log showing a Get Status call received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Figure 35: The Devices entry in the Control List (NGT AR and SR Transceivers

only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214

Figure 36: The Devices entry in the Control List (NGT AR Voice and

VR Transceivers only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215

Figure 37: Lists as they are displayed in the Main Menu and under the

Devices entry in the Control List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual ix

List of figures

Figure 38: The GPS Screen entry in the Control List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Figure 39: Example of a text file containing secure keys for Corporate secure

indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

Figure 40: Example of a text file containing AES secure keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Figure 41: Using a hot key to which several macros have been assigned. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Figure 42: Back panel of the 2010 RF Unit (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only). . . . . . . . . . 304

Figure 43: Back panel of the 2011 RF Unit (NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers

only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

Figure 44: Front view of the CIB connector on the RF unit (NGT AR and

SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

Figure 45: Front view of the antenna control connector on the RF unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306

Figure 46: Front view of the fan connector on the RF unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Figure 47: Front view of the 10-way connector on the RF unit (NGT AR Voice

and VR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Figure 48: Front view of the 6-way connector on the RF unit (NGT AR Voice

Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Figure 49: Front view of the handset and speaker connector attached to the

RF unit (NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Figure 50: Connector panel of the junction box (NGT AR and SR Transceivers

only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

Figure 51: Front view of the handset connector on the junction box (NGT AR and

SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Figure 52: Front view of a CIB connector on the junction box (NGT AR and

SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Figure 53: Front view of the 9-way serial data connector on the junction box

(NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Figure 54: Front view of the 15-way GPIO connector on the junction box

(NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

x NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

List of tables

Table 1: Examples of channels and modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Table 2: The phonetic alphabet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Table 3: Standard hot keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Table 4: Standard hot keys on the desk console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Table 5: Advantages and limitations of the automatic tuning whip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Table 6: Advantages and limitations of the tapped whip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Table 7: Advantages and limitations of the vertical whip antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Table 8: Advantages and limitations of the end-fed broadband antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Table 9: Advantages and limitations of the broadband dipole antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Table 10: Advantages and limitations of the long wire antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Table 11: Advantages and limitations of the quick-to-erect dipole antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Table 12: Battery maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Table 13: Noise source and type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Table 14: Possible faults in the installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Table 15: List Manager entries and their functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

Table 16: Restricting access to information at user and admin levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

Table 17: Hiding items at user and admin levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Table 18: Locking items at user and admin levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Table 19: Default call detect times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Table 20: Nominal preamble times calculated from call detect time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Table 21: Default nominal preamble times. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Table 22: Call types and icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167

Table 23: Recognised variables and their associated information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171

Table 24: Call types and alert tones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

Table 25: Entries in the Control List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Table 26: Settings for the ALE Site Mgr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212

Table 27: Types of readings on the GPS screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223

Table 28: Special commands for the RS232 Startup entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227

Table 29: Keywords that display a self address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229

Table 30: Entries in the Keypad List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Table 31: Modes for NGT Transceivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233

Table 32: Amateur band frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

Table 33: Full-time and part-time hot keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Table 34: Macro options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294

Table 35: Macros assigned to the Special entry in the Keypad List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301

Table 36: Pinouts of the CIB connector on the RF unit (NGT AR and

SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305

Table 37: Pinouts of the antenna control connector on the RF unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306

Table 38: Pinouts of the DC supply connector on the RF unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual xi

List of tables

Table 39: Pinouts of the fan connector on the RF unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Table 40: Pinouts of the 10-way connector on the RF unit (NGT AR Voice and

VR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Table 41: Pinouts of the 6-way connector on the RF unit (NGT AR Voice

Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Table 42: Pinouts of the handset connector on the junction box (NGT AR and

SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Table 43: Pinouts of the CIB connectors on the junction box (NGT AR and SR

Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Table 44: Pinouts of the speaker connector on the junction box (NGT AR and

SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Table 45: Pinouts of the 9-way serial data connector on the junction box

(NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Table 46: Pinouts of the 15-way GPIO connector on the junction box

(NGT AR and SR Transceivers only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Table 47: Pinouts of the headphone jack on the desk console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

Table 48: System messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

Table 49: Specifications for the NGT Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

Table 50: Information retrieved in a Codan Diagnostic Get Status call made to

a Codan HF transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Table 51: Information retrieved in a Codan Diagnostic Get Status call made to

a Codan 9323 or 9360 transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

Table 52: Information retrieved in an open Diagnostic Get Status call. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

Table 53: Information retrieved in a Codan Configuration Get Status call made

to a Codan HF transceiver (firmware V4.10 or later) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

Table 54: Information retrieved in a Codan Configuration Get Status call made

to a Codan 9323 or 9360 transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Table 55: Editing keys used in CICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

Table 56: Variable expansion in a command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

Table 57: CICS commands and the equivalent NGT Transceiver terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

Table 58: CICS commands and their functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

Table 59: Variations in message length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

Table 60: Summary of CICS command syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Table 61: CICS response messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

Table 62: CICS error messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

Table 63: Compatibility issues between CICS V2 and V3.00 (or later) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Table 64: Symbols used in CICS V2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

Table 65: Codes for controlling access to the List Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

Table 66: Codes for controlling access to call types from the handset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

Table 67: Codes for controlling access to CES-128 voice encryptor options

(PIN and secure standby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

Table 68: Codes for controlling access to CES-128 voice encryptor options

(secure on) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422

xii NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

List of tables

Table 69: Codes for controlling access to AES-256 digital voice and data

encryptor options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .424

Table 70: Code for controlling access to erasing secure keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426

Table 71: Codes for enabling GPS format options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428

Table 72: Codes for enabling user interface options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .429

Table 73: Codes for enabling access to site manager information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430

Table 74: Codes for enabling priority messaging options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .432

Table 75: Codes for enabling external alarm options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .434

Table 76: Earth symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual xiii

List of tables

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xiv NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

1 About this manual

This manual provides an overview of the NGT AR, SR, AR Voice, and VR Transceivers, how to install them in mobile and fixed stations, how to operate the transceiver, and how to perform advanced setup procedures. This manual is for system administrators who set up and maintain HF communication networks.

This manual contains:

Section 1 About this manual—explains the terms and abbreviations used in this

manual

Section 2 HF radio transmission—provides an overview of HF communication

Section 3 The NGT Transceiver—explains the transceiver’s components, and a brief

overview of the standard features

Section 4 Installation—explains how to install the transceiver and antenna in a

mobile or fixed situation, and test the installation

Section 5 Operating the transceiver—explains how to use the transceiver, set your

station self address, and set the time and date

Section 6 Using lists—explains the contents of the Main Menu, how to use lists, and

how to manage them using the List Manager

Section 7 The Channel List—explains the settings in the Channel List and how to

program a channel

Section 8 The Network List—explains the settings in the Network List and how to

program a network

Section 9 The Phone Link List—explains the settings in the Phone Link List and how

to program a phone link

Section 10 The Address List—explains the settings in the Address List and how to

program the Address List

Section 11 Making and receiving calls—explains how to make and receive calls

Section 12 The Control List—explains the contents of the Control List

Section 13 The Keypad List—explains the Keypad List

Section 14 The Mode List—explains the Mode List

Section 15 CES-128 voice encryptor option—explains how to set up and use the

CES-128 voice encryptor option

Section 16 AES-256 digital voice encryptor option—explains how to set up and use

the AES-256 digital voice encryptor option

Section 17 AES-256 digital data encryptor option—describes the RM50e HF Data

Modem, and how to set up and use the AES-256 digital data encryptor option

Section 18 Using the transceiver in free tune and Amateur Mode—explains how to use

the transceiver in free tune, how to create channels during free tune, and provides the frequency bands for Amateur Mode

Section 19 Hot keys—explains how to set up, manage and use hot keys

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 1

About this manual

Section 20 Connectors—explains the connectors in the transceiver system

Section 21 System messages—explains the system messages that may be displayed on

the handset screen

Section 22 Specifications—lists the specifications of the transceiver system

Appendix A Hot key examples—provides examples of hot keys and how to create them

Appendix B Get Status calls—explains the information you can retrieve from another

transceiver by making a Get Status call to that transceiver

Appendix C Forgotten passwords—explains what to do if you have forgotten the

password for the transceiver

Appendix D Operating the transceiver from a computer—explains how to operate the

transceiver from a computer using CICS

Appendix E Compatibility between CICS V2 and V3.00 (or later)—describes the

compatibility issues between CICS V2 and V3.00

Appendix F Controlling user access—describes the Message 10 entries and how to use

them

Appendix G Compliance—compliance information and safety notices

There is an index at the end of this manual.

2 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Standards and icons

The following standards and icons are used in this manual:

This typeface... Means...

Italic a cross-reference or text requiring emphasis

Bold a key on a computer keyboard

Bold a menu option in the transceiver

Courier a command that you can enter via a computer, for example,

This syntax... Means...

About this manual

help, or a segment of text that is taken directly from a computer screen

<variable> the text within the brackets may vary depending on the context

option a|option b there are a number of options from which you may choose

[optional] the information or command in the brackets is optional

This icon... Means...

1 a step within a task

NOTE the text beside this icon may be of interest to you

CAUTION

WARNING your actions may cause harm to yourself or the equipment

proceed with caution as your actions may lead to loss of data, privacy or signal quality

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 3

About this manual

Definitions

Acronyms and abbreviations

This term... Means...

4WD four wheel drive

addr address

AES advanced encryption standard

AGC automatic gain control

ALC automatic level control

ALE automatic link establishment

AM amplitude modulation

ASCII American standard code for information interchange

BER bit error rate

CALM Codan automated link management

CB citizen band

CIB Codan interconnect bus

CICS computer interface command set

CR carriage return

CTS clear to send

DC direct current

DSP digital signal processor

DTE data terminal equipment

DTR data terminal ready

EMC electromagnetic compatibility

ESN electronic serial number

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

FCC Federal Communications Commission

GP general purpose

GPIO general purpose input/output

GPS global positioning system

HF high frequency

4 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

About this manual

This term... Means...

ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation

Protection

ID identification

IF intermediate frequency

ISO internal sales order

LBT listen before transmit

LCD liquid crystal display

LED light-emitting diode

LF line feed

LSB lower sideband

NC normally closed

NO normally open

NRI NGT remote interface

NSP NGT system programmer

OTA over-the-air

p–p peak to peak

PA power amplifier

PEP peak envelope power

PTT press-to-talk

PVC polyvinyl chloride

R&TTE radio and telecommunications terminal equipment

rcvd received

RF radio frequency

RFDS Royal Flying Doctor Service

RTS request to send

Rx receive

SB sideband

SINAD (signal + noise + distortion)-to-(noise + distortion) ratio

SWR standing wave ratio

tcvr transceiver

TDM time division multiplex

TPE transmit program enable

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 5

About this manual

Glossary

This term... Means...

Tx transmit

TxD transmit disabled

TxE transmit enabled

TxP transmit prohibited

USB upper sideband

UTC universal time coordinated

UV ultraviolet

V firmware/software version

This term... Means...

address The HF transceiver equivalent of a telephone number. Your

station self address is used by other stations to call you, and it is sent when you make calls to identify you as the caller. It is sometimes referred to as an ID, a station ID, or a self ID.

ALL call An ALE address syntax used to broadcast to any station that is

tuned to the same frequency in an ALE/CALM network, or scanning the network. The ALL call uses a special address syntax @?@ that ALE stations recognise.

The global ALL address syntax may be used in Emergency, Message, Phone, Selective, and Send Position calls if the FED- STD-1045 ALE/CALM option is installed.

automatic gain control (AGC)

automatic level control (ALC)

automatic tuning antenna

A process that automatically adjusts the gain with respect to the input signal to provide a constant output level.

A process that automatically provides a constant output level as the input level varies.

An antenna designed for use with multi-channel transceivers. It uses a microcontrolled stepper motor to give continuous tuning over the operating frequency range of the antenna.

call detect time The length of time during scanning that the transceiver pauses

on each channel in order to detect an incoming call. It is the inverse of the scan rate.

channel Frequencies programmed in the transceiver to transmit and

receive signals on air.

Channel Test call A call that enables you to test the quality of a channel in a

Codan Selcall network.

6 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

This term... Means...

About this manual

Codan interconnect bus (CIB)

The CIB is a proprietary Codan specification that uses a digital bus protocol and TDM audio bus to connect and communicate between selected Codan products.

control cable A cable connecting two items of equipment that allows control

information to be passed between the equipment.

counterpoise A radial array or a grid network of metallic wires arranged

horizontally around the base of an antenna to provide an effective earth plane.

decoupling The removal of unwanted noise and signal from electronic

circuitry by transferring it to ground.

Emergency call A call that enables you to trigger an emergency alert tone at a

specific station then speak to an operator there.

fixed base station A station that is permanently installed and cannot be moved

without significant effort. It consists of a transceiver, a transceiver supply, an antenna, control and accessory devices, ancillary equipment, and appropriate connecting cables.

frequency The number of cycles per second of a radio wave, usually

expressed in kilohertz.

Get Position call A call that gets the GPS position of a specific station.

You can make a Get Position call if Option GPS Enable is installed.

Get Status call A call that gets diagnostic information about the transceiver at a

specific station.

handset A hand-held device that is used to control the functions of a

transceiver. It consists of a microphone, PTT button, display and keypad.

hot key A key on the handset or desk console that is pre-programmed

with a macro that enables you to perform a task quickly.

junction box The unit in a transceiver to which a handset, RF unit, speaker

and related devices are connected. The junction box receives the instructions that a user enters through the handset and sends these instructions to the relevant devices. In an NGT AR Voice or VR Transceiver, the junction box is not required; the handset and speaker connect to the 2011 RF Unit via the handset and speaker connector. In this case, all instructions are processed by the RF unit.

listen before transmit (LBT)

The automatic process that the transceiver uses to detect whether or not there is traffic on a channel and, when necessary, select another channel or inform the user that the channel is busy.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 7

About this manual

This term... Means...

macro A short set of instructions to automate a task you perform with

the transceiver. When a macro is assigned to a key, the key becomes a hot key.

Message call A call that enables you to send a message to a specific station.

mobile station A station that is usually mounted in a vehicle or easily

transportable. It consists of a transceiver, a power supply, an antenna, control and accessory devices, ancillary equipment, and appropriate connecting cables.

mode A type of reception or transmission you can use with a channel,

comprising a sideband and an IF filter.

network Two or more stations that use the same frequencies and call

system to communicate.

Phone call A call that enables you to connect to a public telephone network.

PTT button Press-to-talk button, located on the left side of the handset. This

button enables you to communicate during voice calls, switch mute off temporarily, cancel voice calls prior to the point where voice can be transmitted, cancel calls where data is being transmitted, and exit out of editable screens without saving changes.

revertive A signal sent by a station in response to a call.

RF filtering A device fitted to prevent noise from being generated and to

minimise the noise radiated by the wiring connected to the noise source. These devices include filters, suppressing capacitors, and earth straps.

RFDS Emgcy call A call that enables you to contact the RFDS (NGT AR and

AR Voice Transceivers only).

RF unit The unit in a transceiver that modulates audio signals onto radio

frequencies that can be transmitted on air, and that demodulates the radio frequencies it receives into audio signals.

scan rate See call detect time.

Selective call A call that enables you to contact a specific station then speak to

an operator.

Send Position call A call that sends your GPS position to a specific station.

You can make a Send Position call if Option GPS Enable is installed, and your transceiver has a GPS position registered.

shielding A metallic barrier that is positioned between a noise source and

the transceiver to minimise noise interference.

sideband A band of frequencies that is above or below a modulated

carrier frequency.

8 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

This term... Means...

About this manual

standing wave ratio (SWR)

The ratio of forward and reflected powers between a transmitter and its antenna load, which can be measured by an SWR meter.

station A point of communication consisting of a transceiver, a power

supply, an antenna, control and accessory devices, ancillary equipment, and appropriate connecting cables.

transceiver An RF unit, handset, speaker, and appropriate connecting

cables. The NGT AR and SR Transceivers also include a junction box.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 9

About this manual

Units

NOTE Imperial dimensions are in United States Customary Units.

Measurement Unit Abbreviation

Area American wire gauge AWG

Capacitance farad F

Current amp A

Frequency hertz Hz

Impedance ohm 

Length metre

Power watt W

Power ratio decibel dB

Temperature degrees Celsius

Time second s

Voltage volt V

Weight gram

Unit multipliers

NOTE

(inch/feet/yard/mile)

(in/ft/yd/mi)

°C

(Fahrenheit)

(°F)

hour h

(pound)

(lb)

Units are expressed in accordance with ISO 1000:1992 ‘SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units’.

Unit Name Multiplier

M mega 1000000

k kilo 1000

m milli 0.001

 micro 0.000001

n nano 0.000000001

10 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

About this issue

This is the ninth issue of the NGT Transceiver Reference Manual.

This issue is applicable from firmware V5.20. It describes:

• using the AES-256 digital data encryptor option in conjunction with the RM50e HF Data Modem

• changes to the AES-256 digital voice encryptor

• changes to the CES-128 voice encryptor

Associated documents

This manual is one of a series of publications related to the NGT AR, SR, AR Voice, and VR Transceivers. Associated documents are:

• NGT Transceiver Getting Started Guide (Codan part number 15-04127-EN)

About this manual

• NGT System Programmer Help (Codan part number 15-04162-EN)

• Antenna Matrix (Codan part number 12-50133)

• NGT Transceiver System Technical Service Manual (Codan part number 15-02063-EN)

• NGT Transceiver System Repair Guide (Codan part number 15-04143-EN)

• Declaration of Conformity for the NGT AR Transceiver (Codan part number 19-40130)

• Declaration of Conformity for the NGT SR Transceiver (Codan part number 19-40121)

• Declaration of Conformity for the NGT AR Voice Transceiver (Codan part number 19-40123)

• Declaration of Conformity for the NGT VR Transceiver (Codan part number 19-40122)

• Expert Letter of Opinion for the NGT AR and SR Transceiver (Codan part number 19-40243)

• Expert Letter of Opinion for the NGT AR Voice and VR Transceiver (Codan part number 19-40245)

• Declaration of Conformity for the 3020 Transceiver Supply (Codan part number 19-40127)

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 11

About this manual

This page has been left blank intentionally.

12 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

2 HF radio transmission

This section contains the following topics:

HF radio transmission (14)

Etiquette for the use of HF radio (17)

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 13

HF radio transmission

ionosphere

transmitter

receiver

emitted HF radio wave

reflected HF

radio wave

HF radio transmission

The HF band is the range of frequencies between 3 and 30 MHz. HF transceivers usually cover a frequency range of 1.6 to 30 MHz.

Codan HF transceivers transmit on single sidebands. This reduces the power required to send HF signals, and increases the number of channels available within the HF spectrum.

HF transceivers are primarily used for long-range communication where distances of 3000 km (1800 mi) and more are possible. Obstructions such as buildings and mountains have little effect on long-range communication. HF radio can cover such large distances because of the way the transmitted radio signal propagates.

HF radio waves propagate in three ways simultaneously:

• ground wave

• direct wave

• sky wave

Ground wave

The ground wave travels near the ground for short distances, typically up to 100 km (60 mi) over land and 300 km (190 mi) over sea. The distance covered depends upon the operating frequency, transmission power and type of terrain.

Direct wave

The direct wave travels in a direct line-of-sight from the transmitter to the receiver.

Sky wave

The sky wave is the most important form of HF propagation. The HF radio wave is transmitted toward the sky and is reflected by the ionosphere to a distant receiver on earth.

The reflective properties of the ionosphere change throughout the day, from season to season, and yearly.

Figure 1: The reflective properties of the ionosphere

14 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Frequency, distance and time of day

The extent to which an HF radio wave is reflected depends on the frequency that is used. If the frequency is too low, the signal is absorbed by the ionosphere. If the frequency is too high, the signal passes straight through the ionosphere. Within the HF band, low frequencies are generally considered to be in the range of 2 to 10 MHz. High frequencies are above 10 MHz.

A frequency chosen for daytime transmission may not necessarily be suitable for night- time use. During the day, the layers of the ionosphere are thick. The layers absorb lower frequencies and reflect higher frequencies. At night, the ionosphere becomes very thin. The low frequencies that were absorbed during the day are reflected, and the high frequencies that were reflected during the day pass straight through.

Summer HF radio communications usually operate on higher frequencies than those used in winter over the same distance.

Solar activity varies over an 11 year cycle. Higher frequencies need to be used during periods of peak activity.

It is important to remember that you may need to change the frequency you are using to achieve the best communication. The general rules of thumb for HF radio communication are:

HF radio transmission

• the higher the sun, the higher the frequency

• the further the distance, the higher the frequency

Channels and modes

A channel is a name that is given to a frequency or a pair of frequencies, for example, ‘Channel 1’, ‘4500’ and ‘Headquarters’. The frequencies may be any frequencies within the HF range.

Each channel has one or more modes associated with it. Each mode indicates a sideband that can be used with the channel, such as USB or LSB. When you make a call you must specify the channel and the mode you want to use.

Table 1: Examples of channels and modes

Channel Receive frequency

Channel 1 10600 10600 LSB, USB

4500 4500 – AM

(kHz)

Transmit frequency

(kHz)

Modes

Headquarters 22758 23000 USB

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 15

HF radio transmission

Networks and scanning

A network is two or more stations that use the same frequencies and call system to communicate. The frequencies are allocated by a government authority and enable the network to maintain HF radio communication throughout the day and night.

The call system is the method the network uses to make and receive calls. For example, in networks that use the Codan Selcall call system to make calls, the user enters the address of the station they want to call, then selects the channel/mode on which to make the call. In networks that use the ALE/CALM call system, the transceiver selects the best channel/mode for the call.

The transceiver can be set to scan the channel/modes used by your network to detect incoming calls. It is recommended that scanning is switched on when you are not using the transceiver to communicate. This ensures that you can receive calls from stations in your HF radio communication network.

The FED-STD-1045 ALE/CALM option

If you want to use the ALE/CALM call system to automate the selection of channels, you must install the FED-STD-1045 ALE/CALM option in the transceiver. CALM stands for Codan Automated Link Management.

The FED-STD-1045 ALE/CALM option enables the transceiver to test the signal propagation qualities of your channels using soundings, and build a profile of each channel’s suitability for use at different times of the day and night. The BER and SINAD information collected during sounding activity is stored in the transceiver using a 24-hour period LQA database. With this information, the transceiver is able to select the most suitable channel/mode for you when you make a call.

You are able to make global ALE ALL calls with this option.

CALM is interoperable with FED-STD-1045 ALE.

16 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Etiquette for the use of HF radio

There is a standard procedure for communicating over HF radio. Before you begin transmitting, switch off scanning, select a channel, then press PTT to initiate tuning of the antenna. Listen to the channel that you are going to use and ensure that there is no voice or data communication taking place. You may need to wait until the channel is clear, or select another channel.

If you have the Cfg LBT Mode set to Enabled or Override allowed,

NOTE

When you first establish communication with another station it is customary to state their call sign and then your own, using the phonetic alphabet (see Table 2 on page 18). For example:

‘Alpha Bravo One, this is Alpha Bravo Two. Do you receive me? Over.’

In this example your call sign is AB2 and you are calling a station with the call sign AB1. A call sign is a group of letters and numbers issued by a government authority to identify a station. The phonetic alphabet is used to ensure that your call sign is understood.

the transceiver checks that a channel is not being used; you do not need to check any channels first.

HF radio transmission

The word ‘over’ is used to signify the end of your transmission. The transceiver may be set up to transmit a short beep when you release the PTT button on the handset. When your conversation with the other party is finished, the party that speaks last should say ‘out’.

Swearing or foul language should not be used—heavy penalties can apply.

Keep communication as short as possible.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 17

HF radio transmission

Table 2: The phonetic alphabet

Letter Word Letter Word

A Alpha N November

B Bravo O Oscar

C Charlie P Papa

D Delta Q Quebec

EEchoRRomeo

F Foxtrot S Sierra

G Golf T Tango

H Hotel U Uniform

I India V Victor

J Juliet W Whiskey

KKiloXX-ray

L Lima Y Yankee

MMikeZ Zulu

18 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

3 The NGT Transceiver

JUNCTION BOX

ANTENNA

RF UNIT

ANTENNA CONTROL

BATTERY

SPEAKER

HANDSET

The NGT Transceiver consists of:

• a 2020 Handset

• a 2030 Junction Box (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only)

• a 2010 RF Unit (NGT AR and SR Transceivers only)

• a 2011 RF Unit (NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers only)

The handset is a hand-held device that has a microphone, PTT button, display and keypad. The microphone and PTT button are used for voice communication. The keypad enables you to control and configure the transceiver system. The handset is connected to the junction box, or in the case of the NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers, to the handset and speaker connector from the RF unit, or to the rear of the Code 766 Desk Console.

The junction box is a unit to which the handset, RF unit, speaker and related units are connected. It interprets the instructions you enter through the handset then sends them to the appropriate units.

NOTE

In the case of NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers, the functionality of the junction box is incorporated into the 2011 RF Unit.

The RF unit modulates audio signals onto radio frequencies that can be transmitted on air, and demodulates the radio frequencies it receives into audio signals.

Figure 2: The NGT AR and SR Transceivers

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 19

The NGT Transceiver

6-WAY

CONNECTOR

10-WAY

CONNECTOR

HANDSET

ANTENNA

HANDSET

& SPEAKER

CONNECTOR

RF UNIT

SPEAKER

BATTERY

ANTENNA CONTROL

Figure 3: The NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers

A range of options and accessories is available for the NGT Transceiver. For more information contact your Codan representative or refer to the product catalogue that is applicable to your transceiver.

20 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

The 2020 Handset

CLAR

ABC

MODE

DEF

MNO

JKL

GHI

PRS

SEC

TUV

WXY

CALL

LOGS

VIEW

EASI

TALK

TUNE

MUTE CALL SCAN

microphone

PTT button

programming jack

Figure 4: The 2020 Handset

The NGT Transceiver

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 21

The NGT Transceiver

The handset comprises:

• an LCD

• navigation keys ( , , , , )

• volume controls ( , )

• MUTE, CALL and SCAN hot keys

• alphanumeric keys (0 to 9, *, #)

• emergency key ( )

• power key ( )

• microphone

• PTT button

• programming jack

There are two ways to use the keys on the handset. You can:

• press a key, briefly

• hold a key for 2 seconds

The Tick and Cross keys

Press to:

• select the item on the active line in the list

• save changes

• answer ‘yes’ to prompts

Hold to edit settings.

Press to:

• navigate up from settings to entries

• backspace over text

• remove messages on the screen

• cancel changes

• answer ‘no’ to prompts

Hold to go from any location to the home screen. If you have entered text into a setting and want to discard the changes you made, hold .

The scroll keys

The and keys are the scroll keys. Use these keys to scroll up or down through any kind of list, to scroll left or right over text, and to increase or decrease a value.

22 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

The NGT Transceiver

Hot keys

Hot keys enable you to perform a task quickly. The transceiver comes with some standard hot keys programmed; the keys are labelled with the corresponding task performed.

Table 3: Standard hot keys

Hot key Function

MUTE Pressing MUTE toggles mute on or off. For more information see page 76, Muting the

transceiver.

CALL Pressing CALL starts a call. For more information see page 173, Making a call.

SCAN Pressing SCAN switches off scanning, or if you were in a call, ends the call and

switches on scanning. For more information see page 77, Scanning channels.

TUNE Pressing TUNE displays the PTT to tune screen so that you can manually tune the

antenna. For more information see page 92, Manual tuning.

CLAR Pressing CLAR enables you to adjust the receive frequency to compensate for any

frequency offset between your transceiver and the remote transceiver. For more information see page 93, Using the clarifier.

MODE Pressing MODE selects the next allowable mode programmed for the channel, usually

USB or LSB.

V/S Pressing V/S toggles the mute type between Voice mute and Selcall mute. For more

information see page 76, Muting the transceiver.

NOTE

SEC Pressing or holding SEC enters secure mode, if the hardware option is fitted and

specific firmware is programmed into the transceiver and enabled. For more information see page 235, CES-128 voice encryptor option, page 253, AES-256 digital

voice encryptor option, or page 267, AES-256 digital data encryptor option.

9 Pressing 9 displays your current GPS position, if your transceiver has valid GPS

information and Option GPS Enable is installed. For more information see page 223,

GPS Screen entry.

EASITALK Pressing EASITALK toggles the DSP noise reduction algorithm on or off. For more

information see page 94, Reducing background noise with Easitalk™.

If an AES-256 digital voice encryptor is fitted to the transceiver, Digital Voice Only mute (D) may also be selected.

VIEW Pressing VIEW toggles between the channel screen and the Address List. If you are in

any other list, pressing VIEW displays the channel screen.

CALL LOGS Pressing CALL LOGS repeatedly steps through a number of call logs: Calls Out, Calls

In, then back to the screen from which you began. In these logs, you can view the details of the calls. For more information see page 181, The Calls Out Log and

page 186, The Calls In Log.

(Emergency)

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 23

Holding starts an automatic Emergency call transmission using call information contained in the Emergency entries in the Address List (see

different types of calls).

page 157, Making several

The NGT Transceiver

Table 3: Standard hot keys (cont.)

Hot key Function

+ SEC Pressing + SEC enables you to erase all of the CES secure keys and AES secure

keys from the transceiver, if the encryptor hardware option is fitted and specific firmware is programmed into the transceiver and enabled. For more information see

page 245, Erasing all of the CES secure keys, page 261, Erasing all of the AES secure

keys (voice), and page 275, Erasing all of the AES secure keys (data).

+ 9 Pressing + 9 enables you to change the default setting for the screen contrast. For

more information see page 89, Changing the screen contrast.

+ 0 Pressing + 0 enables you to change the default setting for the screen and keypad

backlighting. For more information see page 89, Changing the screen brightness.

24 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

The NGT Desk Console with handset

microphone

handset

headphone jack

F1 key

F2 key

F3 key

F4 key

PTT button

The NGT Desk Console is an optional accessory for fixed stations (Codan part number 15-10471 for NGT AR and SR Transceivers only, Codan part number 15-00766 for NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers only). It features a microphone, a cradle for the handset, a PTT button, four hot keys, a built-in speaker, and a headphone socket.

The hot keys are labelled F1 to F4. The console is shipped with a standard macro assigned to each one (see Table 4). If you want to customise the hot keys you can create your own macros and assign them to the keys (for more information see page 289, Hot

keys).

Figure 5: The NGT Desk Console with handset

The NGT Transceiver

NOTE

With a Code 766 Desk Console, the handset connects to the rear of the console.

Table 4: Standard hot keys on the desk console

Key Hot key task Handset equivalent

F1 New Call: begins a call CALL key

F2 Scan Toggle: ends a call if a call is in progress, or

SCAN key

toggles scanning on or off

F3 Next Mode: switches to the next possible mode for the

MODE key

currently selected channel

F4 Mute: switches mute on or off MUTE key

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 25

The NGT Transceiver

This page has been left blank intentionally.

26 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

4 Installation

This section contains the following topics:

Types of stations (28)

Types of mobile antennas (31)

Types of fixed antennas (33)

Installing the transceiver (38)

Radio frequency interference (mobile stations only) (50)

Noise suppression (53)

Tuning the mobile antenna (54)

Troubleshooting the installation (55)

Testing the installation (59)

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 27

Installation

ve +ve

12 V battery

transceiver

automatic tuning

antenna

groundground

coaxial cable

to control and

accessory devices

control cable

Types of stations

Mobile station

A mobile station typically consists of a transceiver, a 12 V DC power supply (battery), an antenna, control and accessory devices, ancillary equipment, and appropriate connecting cables. The antenna is connected to the transceiver by coaxial cable. An automatic tuning antenna also requires a control cable connected to the transceiver (see

Figure 6).

When space is limited in a mobile situation, the transceiver may be located in the boot or behind/under a seat.

Figure 6: A typical mobile station

28 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Fixed station

transceiver

ground

coaxial cable

to control and

accessory devices

AC mains

ground

broadband

antenna system

transceiver supply

Installation

A fixed station typically consists of a transceiver, an AC transceiver supply connected directly to the mains, an antenna, control and accessory devices, ancillary equipment, and appropriate connecting cables. The transceiver is connected to the DC output lead of the transceiver supply. The antenna is connected to the transceiver by coaxial cable.

Figure 7: A typical fixed station

Antenna tuners in a fixed station

The purpose of an antenna tuner is to adjust the wavelength of the antenna according to the selected frequency. This ensures an optimum load to the transceiver so that it achieves maximum efficiency. A tuner is usually installed when a single antenna is operating on a range of frequencies, for example, the long wire and vertical whip antennas, and when there is limited space available to install additional antennas.

The radiating portion of the antenna connects directly to the tuner through a high-voltage insulator. The antenna length must be compatible with the tuner installed, and be suitable for the working frequency range.

It is essential that the correct antenna type, site location, and grounding

CAUTION

technique be chosen so that the system operates effectively (see page 33,

Types of fixed antennas).

Automatic tuners

These tuners automatically tune to the selected frequency, and can recall frequency settings for future use. Automatic tuners operate with almost any end-fed antenna with a length of 6 m (7 yd) or more, provided an effective ground system is used.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 29

Installation

Antenna supports in a fixed station

Supports are used to position the antenna to face the desired direction of communication. The supports suspend the antenna in the air and provide it with adequate rigidity. The supports must be able to withstand extreme environmental conditions.

CAUTION The antenna may not tune or remain tuned if it sways or sags.

Existing supports can be used, such as trees or windmill towers, if they are suitably positioned according to the desired direction of communication. Support systems also include freestanding or guyed masts.

NOTE

If the supports are unstable, additional support, such as guy anchors, should be provided.

The antenna is tied to various supports by wire or nylon rope guys to ensure the antenna is insulated from its supports. If wire guys are used, two ceramic insulators must be provided at each end of the antenna. If metallic supports are used, position the insulators so that the antenna is at least 2 m (2 yd) from the mast. Ceramic insulators ensure the signal is not connected directly to the ground via the metallic supports.

30 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Types of mobile antennas

Automatic tuning whip antenna

Description

The automatic tuning whip antenna is a multi-frequency antenna. A microcontrolled stepper motor in the base of the automatic antenna adjusts an inductor until the antenna is tuned to the selected frequency.

Advantages and limitations

Table 5: Advantages and limitations of the automatic tuning whip antenna

Advantages Limitations

Installation

Wide range of operating frequencies.

Easier to operate than a tapped whip antenna.

For information on installing the antenna see the documentation provided with the product.

Tapped whip antenna

Description

The tapped whip antenna is manufactured with taps to match the frequencies fitted in the transceiver. The shorting strap should be wound tightly around the antenna in evenly spaced turns. Frequency selection is achieved by inserting the end of the shorting strap into the corresponding tap in the antenna. Up to 10 frequencies can be installed into the tapped whip during manufacture.

Large physical size that requires a substantial mounting bracket.

A control cable is required.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 31

Installation

Advantages and limitations

Table 6: Advantages and limitations of the tapped whip antenna

Advantages Limitations

Lightweight and simple to install.

Cost-effective when limited frequencies are required.

The frequency range of the antenna is limited to those frequencies installed at the time of manufacture.

The antenna lead must be manually adjusted when frequencies are changed.

Poor communication will occur if the antenna lead is not plugged into the correct frequency tap.

32 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Types of fixed antennas

Vertical whip antenna

Description

The vertical whip antenna is omnidirectional in performance, therefore it provides radiation efficiency equally in all directions depending on its mounting position. When receiving, this omnidirectional performance may mean more unwanted signals are picked up, which contributes to high levels of background noise or interference.

Where used

The vertical whip antenna is designed for installation on buildings or open ground. The antenna is suitable for most transceivers operating with an associated antenna tuner.

Installation

The vertical whip antenna is designed for permanent or temporary installation. The antenna is easy to install.

For efficient operation of the vertical whip antenna, a good earth system is necessary. When the antenna is erected on open ground, especially in dry ground conditions, an earth mat consisting of at least four wire radials extending as far as possible from the base is desirable (see page 41, Grounding the antenna).

For roof-mounted installations, metal roofing or a radial earth plane is recommended (see page 41, Grounding the antenna).

Advantages and limitations

Table 7: Advantages and limitations of the vertical whip antenna

Advantages Limitations

Suitable for long-distance communication.

Omnidirectional antenna, therefore it can pick up signals equally in all directions.

Suitable where space is limited.

Unsuitable for communication distances under 100 km (60 mi).

This antenna is more susceptible to noise pickup such as that produced by welders, electric motors, power lines etc. If installed in a noisy environment, the received signal is degraded.

Due to its relatively small size, it may require an antenna tuner for optimum performance.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 33

Installation

End-fed broadband antenna

Description

The end-fed broadband antenna is a multi-frequency antenna.

Where used

The end-fed broadband antenna is designed for rural outposts, not built-up areas.

Installation

The end-fed broadband antenna is easily and permanently installed. It requires masts and sufficient space for installation. No installation or operational adjustments are required.

Advantages and limitations

Table 8: Advantages and limitations of the end-fed broadband antenna

Advantages Limitations

Wide range of operating frequencies.

Suitable for point-to-point and base-to- mobile applications.

Must be positioned at right angles to the desired direction of communication.

Due to its large size, it requires a large area for installation.

Due to its broadband properties, it has a low immunity to noise.

34 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Broadband dipole antenna

Description

The broadband dipole antenna is designed for large-scale professional fixed station systems. The antenna is suitable for high or low-power, multi-frequency operation.

Where used

The broadband dipole antenna is designed for installation on buildings or open ground.

Installation

The broadband dipole antenna is generally erected on masts and requires sufficient space for installation.

Installation

Advantages and limitations

Table 9: Advantages and limitations of the broadband dipole antenna

Advantages Limitations

Wide range of operating frequencies.

Generally, more efficient than the end-fed broadband antenna.

Suitable for point-to-point and base-to-

Must be positioned at right angles to the desired direction of communication.

Due to its large size, it requires a large area for installation.

mobile applications.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 35

Installation

Long wire antenna

Description

The long wire antenna is suitable for multi-frequency operation using an antenna tuner in most transceiver systems. It is approximately 20 m (22 yd) in length.

Where used

The long wire antenna is used on buildings or open ground. It is ideal for field crews who require an antenna that can be quickly and easily installed at temporary sites. It may also be used in permanent installations where space is limited.

Installation

The long wire antenna is designed for permanent or temporary fixed station installations. It requires at least one mast and sufficient space for installation.

Advantages and limitations

Table 10: Advantages and limitations of the long wire antenna

Advantages Limitations

Wide range of operating frequencies.

Large in size, therefore, is more efficient.

Must be positioned at right angles to the desired direction of communication.

Due to its large size, it requires a large area for installation.

The length of the wire may be too long for some operating frequencies and tuners. Under these conditions, the length of the wire must be reduced according to the recommendations provided in the handbook for the tuner. If you require further assistance, contact your Codan representative.

36 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Quick-to-erect dipole antenna

Description

The quick-to-erect dipole antenna is lightweight and portable. The antenna is designed for sky-wave communications over medium to long distances.

Each half of the antenna is marked in 0.5 MHz spacings wound onto the winding spool/ insulator. These elements unwind to the marker that indicates the frequency in use and clips into the slot provided on the insulator assembly. The remaining wire is short circuited on the reels.

Where used

The quick-to-erect dipole antenna is primarily used with manpack or portable HF systems.

Installation

The quick-to-erect dipole antenna is designed for temporary installations. The antenna is usually suspended between two trees or lightweight masts by terylene halyard tails with lead-weighted ends, which are supplied with the kit.

Advantages and limitations

Table 11: Advantages and limitations of the quick-to-erect dipole antenna

Advantages Limitations

Easy and quick to install.

Lightweight and portable.

Must be positioned at right angles to the desired direction of communication.

Single operating frequency.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 37

Installation

Installing the transceiver

NOTE

On receiving your NGT Transceiver, check the contents against the packing list. Make sure that all equipment itemised on the packing list is present before you start installing the system.

Open each packing case and examine the contents for signs of damage. If you notice any damage, contact Codan immediately. Failure to contact Codan before returning the unit may result in any warranty being void.

We recommend that the equipment is installed by qualified and experienced personnel, to the relevant standards and approvals.

WARNING

NOTE

All antennas are supplied completely assembled and ready for installation.

While the following information is intended to assist with installation in a vehicle, it is the purchaser’s responsibility to ensure that the mounting cradle is installed with due regard to vehicle-occupant safety, particularly in the event of a vehicle accident. Codan accepts no responsibility or liability in the event of injury to vehicle occupants or any other damage due to insecure or otherwise unsafe or inappropriate installation of the mounting cradle.

Unused connectors on the junction box (if fitted) and RF unit must be covered with the protective caps supplied to prevent electrostatic discharge passing through your NGT equipment.

Positioning the transceiver

When choosing a location for the components of the transceiver system, you should be aware of the environmental ratings of each item of equipment as set out on page 335,

Specifications. They must be mounted in a suitable position that:

• provides physical protection to the transceiver and its cables, for example, avoid floor mounting where the transceiver and cables may be subjected to accidental contact

• allows easy access to the controls

• allows a free flow of air through the rear cooling fins to dissipate heat generated by the transceiver

• does not expose the unit to direct sunlight

• does not expose the unit to water ingress

• will not cause injury to motor-vehicle occupants if an accident occurs, for example, do not mount the transceiver overhead

• minimises vibration and shock

• ensures correct connection and operation

• allows easy maintenance

38 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

The units of the mobile station should only be mounted on structural

WARNING

components of the vehicle body and not to dress panels. The areas used for mounting may require reinforcement.

Mounting positions that are recommended in a mobile installation include:

• the transmission hump

• in place of the glove box

• behind the seat

• under the dashboard (if safe)

Installation

WARNING

Do not mount the transceiver on a cargo barrier as this may void the vehicle manufacturer’s warranty.

The mounting position must ensure sufficient cable length is provided to allow the removal of the equipment from the cradle with the various cables connected.

Positioning the control devices

The control devices and speaker must be in a position that:

• is near the operating position

• is clear of other controls

• is not dangerous

• considers cable routing

Positioning the antenna

WARNING

The antenna should be installed by a suitably qualified technician, to the relevant standards and approvals.

Correct installation of the antenna provides efficient operation over the

NOTE

frequency range of the transceiver. It ensures the antenna provides maximum output power during transmission and clear reception of weak signals.

Mobile antenna

For information on positioning a mobile antenna, see the documentation provided with the antenna.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 39

Installation

Fixed antenna

Position the antenna:

• next to the antenna feed point

• free from obstructions such as buildings, trees and vegetation

• at right angles to the desired direction of communication

• away from any other antenna system

The transceiver and antenna do not have to be positioned close to each

NOTE

other if connected by coaxial cable. The transceiver and the feed point of the antenna can be up to 20 m (22 yd) apart before heavier low-loss coaxial cable, such as RG213, is necessary.

Horizontal wire antennas, including the dipole, broadband and long wire antennas, have maximum radiation along their length. Radiation is lowest at the ends of the antenna. Therefore, position these antennas at right angles to the desired direction of communication.

Vertical antennas, such as the vertical whip antenna, have an omnidirectional radiation pattern. Therefore, the direction that vertical antennas face is not important as the radiation pattern is generally equal in all directions.

Positioning the tuner (fixed station only)

Due to high voltages on the antenna, position the tuner so that the antenna-to-tuner connection is isolated from accidental contact with conducting surfaces.

WARNING

It is essential that the antenna be positioned at least 50 mm (2 in) from a conducting surface.

CAUTION Avoid kinks in the lead-in wire of the antenna.

Grounding the transceiver

A good ground (RF earth) is essential for efficient operation of the fixed station. The transceiver chassis should be connected to the ground via the earth screw on the rear panel of the transceiver. Use a copper braid of at least 12 mm (½ in) width to connect the transceiver to the earthing point.

NOTE Keep the earth braid as short as possible.

All individual units in a fixed station should be earthed to prevent RF interference corrupting the data and audio circuits. Equipment that requires earthing has an earth screw fitted. To achieve good earthing, connect separate earth braids to the earth screws on each piece of equipment and connect them back to the same earthing point.

NOTE

40 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Ideally, all earth braids should connect directly back to a single point to prevent earth loops.

Installation

An adequate earthing system is necessary for:

• electrical safety

• static drain

• noise reduction

Electrical safety (AC mains supply only)

To provide electrical safety to the fixed station see page 45, Wiring techniques (AC

mains supply only).

Static drain

In some cases, wind-driven particles, such as dry sand, may charge the transceiver and ancillaries to very high voltages above earth. Usually the low-impedance protective earth connection prevents high voltages from building up. In the event that the protective earth is disconnected or does not exist, as for a solar-powered fixed installation, these high voltages may occur.

If the voltage of the electrostatic charge becomes sufficiently high, a flashover could occur between the charged parts and earth. The energy released at flashover depends upon the voltage of the charged parts to earth. This energy generates a steep wave front, which may cause failure in the front end of the transceiver or result in damage elsewhere.

WARNING

Noise reduction

In some cases, noise can be reduced by direct earthing of the case of the transceiver to ground. If an improvement is noticed, the existing functional RF earth may be inadequate and needs to be improved.

Where the antenna and transceiver must be installed in close proximity, direct earthing of the transceiver may be necessary to eliminate RF feedback.

Grounding the antenna

A flashover may result in the failure of the basic insulation of a mains- energised transceiver supply, causing an extreme safety hazard. To avoid a flashover, ensure that the transceiver is correctly earthed.

Grounding a mobile antenna

For information on grounding a mobile antenna, see the documentation provided with the antenna.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 41

Installation

Grounding a fixed antenna

Requirements of the earth plane (or ground) depends upon the type of antenna selected (see page 33, Types of fixed antennas) and the location of the antenna, that is, on open ground or on a roof-top.

When installing an antenna on open ground, ground conductivity is often insufficient to provide adequate earthing, especially on well-drained sandy, rocky or loamy soils. An earth plane should be used to provide adequate earthing of the antenna. For a vertical antenna, an efficient earth plane is provided by a counterpoise consisting of at least four radials extending from the base of the antenna. The radials should be buried approximately 10 cm (4 in) below the surface. An earth mat for an antenna mounted on open ground can be supplied by Codan (Codan part number 15-00158).

When installing an antenna on roof-tops where there is no existing earth plane, an earth plane should be installed. The earth plane should be a conducting surface extending several wavelengths in all directions around the antenna. This can be provided by placing a screen of wire mesh or similar material over the roof of the building. Usually, a counterpoise system is used to provide an efficient earth plane. For example, the counterpoise system for a vertical antenna should consist of at least 8 to 10 radials bonded together at the base of the antenna. A radial earth plane for an antenna mounted on the roof-top of a building can be supplied by Codan (Codan part number 15-00159).

If an earth plane, such as a counterpoise, cannot be provided for the antenna, an earth wire connected to a suitable earth stake can be used, but with reduced efficiency.

NOTE

As the earth wire forms part of the antenna system, any resistance in the earthing network reduces the efficiency of the antenna.

The ground connections are subject to corrosion and oxidation. All joints must be clean, and the hardware adequately tightened. The joints can be

CAUTION

protected by the application of silicone grease. In severe conditions, joints should be covered with self-amalgamating tape followed by a layer of good quality UV-stable PVC tape.

RF earthing should not be relied upon to provide protective earthing. It

CAUTION

can fail upon the removal of one of the interconnecting links. A separate wire should always be connected to the item you want to protect.

Grounding the tuner (fixed station only)

The ground system is a key part of the overall antenna system. An inefficient ground system is a primary cause of poor performance and difficulty in adjusting the tuner.

The ground system should be connected to the earth stud on the tuner by a heavy copper wire or braid. The connection from the tuner to the ground must be a small percentage of the total length of the antenna, that is, the earth braid must be kept as short as possible.

CAUTION Do not use a ground strap that exceeds 1.5 m (5 ft).

In areas of good ground conductivity, an effective ground can be established with an earth spike. The spike should be approximately 3 m (10 ft) in length and should be installed as close as possible to the tuner. It may be necessary to use several earth spikes bonded together to improve the ground contact.

42 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Connecting the antenna to the transceiver

A vehicle antenna is a tuned antenna, and therefore, must be connected to the transceiver using 50  coaxial cable. Type RG58 cable is normally used. The cable should be as far as possible from other vehicle wiring, especially high-voltage ignition wiring.

In addition to an RF coaxial cable connection, an automatic tuning whip antenna also requires a control cable to be connected to the transceiver.

The cables are supplied in standard lengths with the appropriate connectors fitted at either end.

Connecting the tuner to the antenna (fixed station only)

When routing the antenna wire to the tuner:

• keep the length of the antenna wire inside the building to a minimum and away from metal objects

• a minimum hole diameter of 100 mm (4 in) is necessary for wiring that passes through a wall or roof, and the wiring should pass through the centre of this hole using a grommet or other suitable insulator

Installation

Power supply

• wiring must not come into contact with guttering, eaves etc, upon entering or leaving a building

WARNING

All installations should be checked by a qualified technician before power is applied to the transceiver.

Power can be provided by either:

• a suitable transceiver supply connected directly to the AC mains (fixed station only)

• a 12 V DC battery (mobile or fixed stations)

CAUTION Ensure that the power supply to operate your station is 12 V DC.

AC mains supply

Codan provides a 3020 Transceiver Supply, which can be used with transceivers operating on speech and data communications.

If the distance between the transceiver supply and the transceiver requires

CAUTION

the cable to be extended, the cable size may need to be increased to minimise voltage drop (see page 48, Connecting the AC mains supply).

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 43

Installation

Battery power supply

Batteries need to be well-charged and in good condition to ensure effective operation. Poor condition of the battery usually leads to poor performance of your station. This includes reduced power output and signal distortion during transmission.

If use of a mobile transceiver results in a heavy drain on the vehicle battery, a two-battery system can be used. Generally the vehicle alternator and charge system copes with the extra battery, however an isolation circuit should be provided between the batteries.

Checking the battery

It is important to maintain the condition of the battery to ensure that it is in suitable working order.

Table 12: Battery maintenance

Check for... Comment

Correct charge Use a multimeter or a hydrometer to check the charge

condition of the battery.

Water level in cells The plates should be sufficiently covered with electrolyte.

Add clean distilled water if the electrolyte is below the top of the plates. Never overfill cells as this causes corrosion.

Corrosion-free terminals Where there is corrosion on the terminal posts, the whole

area should be neutralised and cleaned. This can be achieved using a wire brush, paint scraper, and a solution of water and baking soda.

Any cleaning of the terminals should be

WARNING

done in a well-ventilated area using the appropriate personal protective equipment.

Tight electrical connections Check for defective cables, loose connections, corrosion,

cracked cases or covers, loose hold-down clamps, and deformed or loose terminal posts.

44 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Power supply factors

Voltage drop

The most common causes of voltage drop along a cable are:

• the diameter of the wire is too thin

• the length of the cable is too long

The average current consumption of a transceiver is low except during transmission of voice and data peaks, where high current is needed for short intervals. The power supply cable needs to be sufficiently heavy to supply these current peaks without excessive voltage drop (see page 46, Power and control cabling).

Incorrect wiring techniques, including poor choice of connection points and incorrect use of terminal lugs, can also cause a voltage drop.

Installation

Fuse protection (battery supply only)

An external fuse must be fitted in the active wire as close as possible to the battery to ensure there is no risk of fire if the cable is damaged. The fuse must be of a type that has a low voltage drop at peak currents (see page 49, Protecting the cables).

NOTE A 32 A cartridge fuse (Codan part number 15-00711) is recommended.

Noise interference

The transceiver has noise-rejection circuitry and, provided correct power cable connection and routing are established, noise interference via the power cable is kept to a minimum (see page 47, Connecting the battery supply).

Wiring techniques (AC mains supply only)

Correct wiring techniques can reduce voltage drop. These include choosing good connection points and using terminal lugs correctly.

For correct wiring techniques when connecting the transceiver supply see page 48,

Connecting the AC mains supply.

It is essential for every mains-energised installation to have an effective

WARNING

connection to the protective earth of the power distribution system in case the basic insulation fails.

WARNING

Without protective earthing, dangerous voltages may be applied to accessible metal parts.

A 3-wire mains cord has an earth wire that provides an effective earth, and is therefore electrically safe. A 2-wire mains cord lacks a protective earth wire, so one must be established by bonding the transceiver supply to an earth stake driven into the ground, or to some other low-impedance earth connection.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 45

Installation

Installing the cables

WARNING

Do not cut the control, coaxial or speaker cable. If the cables are too long, gather the excess neatly and secure it out of the way.

Large magnetic fields can be generated along the power cable during

CAUTION

transmission and these fields may be coupled into the control cabling. Failure to keep these cables separated causes distortion of the transmitted signal.

The cabling must be in a position that:

• is away from operator’s feet

• is secured and concealed as much as possible

• ensures the control cables are separated from the DC power cable by at least 200 mm (8 in), except over short distances where they may pass through the same hole in a bulkhead

• is secured behind protective metalwork (only if the cables run under the vehicle)

Keep cables in the engine compartment away from:

• heat, for example, exhaust, air-conditioning systems, and water pipes

• oils and corrosive liquids, for example, engine oil, battery fluid, and brake fluid

Connecting the power supply

Power and control cabling

The connection from the transceiver is made directly to the battery/power source via a twin core cable.

The cable should:

• be of adequate electrical capacity

• be fused in the positive leg at or near the battery terminal

• not be used to provide power connections to any other equipment

The cable from the battery must be able to carry the full supply current, so it must be of correct size. As the distance between the transceiver and the battery increases, the cross- sectional area of the cable must increase proportionally to minimise the voltage drop. For example, a 100 W transceiver positioned 2 m (2 yd) away from the battery requires a cable with a cross-sectional area of approximately 4 mm2 (11 AWG), whereas a transceiver 5 m (5 yd) away from the battery requires a cable with a cross-sectional area of approximately 10 mm2 (7 AWG).

46 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Installation

A heavy-duty power cable is supplied with the vehicle-mounting cradle for mobile stations. This cable minimises the voltage drop between the battery and transceiver during transmission (see page 45, Voltage drop).

CAUTION

Connecting the battery supply

To connect the battery supply:

If you use a thinner cable than this, voltage drop may occur, which may affect signal quality.

1 Connect the red positive and black negative wires from the power cable of the

transceiver to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, respectively.

1 Fit a suitable fuse as near as practicable to the positive side of the battery

connection.

NOTE

A 32 A cartridge fuse (Codan part number 15-00711) is recommended.

1 In a mobile installation, route the power cable away from other vehicle wiring,

including high-voltage ignition wiring between the spark plugs, distributor and coil. Ensure the power cable does not run together with, or parallel to, the control cables for any long distance.

NOTE

Where wiring passes through any bulkhead, provide appropriate grommets to prevent insulation being cut.

1 Terminate the transceiver power cable with connector lugs. 1 Secure the power cable using cable ties. 1 Test that the power supply and transceiver work correctly.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 47

Installation

Using a terminal block

A terminal block can be fitted where heavy cables are used for long cable runs, or where the tools or materials may not be available to re-terminate the transceiver power supply connector. The terminal block is fitted next to the transceiver to connect the cable from the battery to the transceiver power cable. The length of the cable between the terminal block and the transceiver should not exceed 500 mm (20 in) so that voltage drop is minimised.

To fit the terminal block:

1 Cut the connector from the end of the battery cable. 1 Strip 10 mm (½ in) of the insulation from the cable. 1 Insert the cable into the terminal block, ensuring the screws of the terminal block are

completely undone before inserting the wires.

NOTE Observe correct polarity.

NOTE Ensure there are no stray wires.

1 Turn the screws into place.

Connecting the AC mains supply

To connect the AC mains supply:

1 Fit the plug from the transceiver supply into the AC mains socket.

NOTE The transceiver supply converts the AC power supply to DC.

1 Connect the transceiver supply to the transceiver via the DC power leads.

NOTE

Most Codan power supplies can use an external battery as an alternative power supply in the event of an AC mains failure. Codan recommends the use of the Standby Battery Cable Kit (Codan part number 15-00702) for easy and correct installation of the standby battery. The cable from this battery must be able to carry the full supply current, so it must be of correct size (see page 46, Power and control cabling).

Ensure the transceiver is grounded correctly (see page 40, Grounding

the transceiver).

48 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Protecting the cables

Physical protection

Protect all the cables from sharp edges and mechanical abrasions. Cables that pass through body panels or internal bulkheads must be protected by grommets. Holes in the bulkhead need only be large enough to allow the end of the cable with the smaller connector to pass through. Removing a connector should be a last resort. Externally, the cable and connectors need to be weatherproofed using self-amalgamating rubber tape.

CAUTION Removal of factory-fitted connectors may cause cable or connector faults.

CAUTION

NOTE Any cabling under carpet or floor mats should be clear of foot traffic.

Installation

Crimp-style coaxial connectors for vehicle installations should be avoided because they are susceptible to mechanical damage and are not weatherproofed.

Electrical protection

The transceiver is provided with adequate internal protection. The transceiver supply is also fitted with adequate protection.

In a vehicle-battery supply installation, we recommend that a suitable cartridge fuse (32 A, Codan part number 15-00711) is fitted in the positive wire, close to the battery. This protects the power cable from risk of fire if damaged insulation should touch surrounding metalwork or the vehicle chassis.

As the fuse is not included to protect the transceiver circuits, it should be of large physical and electrical size to eliminate the possibility of voltage drops across the fuse.

WARNING Do not use normal glass in-line automotive fuses.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 49

Installation

Radio frequency interference (mobile stations only)

Types of noise

Engine noise and electrical accessories often cause RF interference.

Noise interference can be:

• induced into and carried along the cables to the transceiver

• radiated from the noise source and picked up at the antenna

Table 13: Noise source and type

System Noise source Noise type

Ignition Ignition Distributor and spark plug

leads

Battery charging Alternators Diode switching and brushes

Other Brakes and bearings Static discharge

Noise from the ignition system

The ignition system of a petrol motor vehicle is often a major noise source.

High-voltage wiring

All high-voltage wiring from the ignition coil to the spark plugs should be:

• as short as possible

Mechanical voltage regulators Contact arcing

Oil pressure sender Contact arcing

Tachometer Impulse

Winches Motor brushes

Wipers and fan motors Motor brushes

• clean

• as close to the engine block as possible

• of a suppressed type

50 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Installation

Low-voltage wiring

The low-voltage wiring from the coil to the contact-breaker points on the distributor must:

• be as short as possible

• not be included with other wires in a harness or loom

This wire must be shielded if it is greater than 300 mm (12 in) long (see page 53, Noise

suppression). A suitable shield can be provided by a twin flex or ‘figure eight’ cable

(consisting of two conductors).

Shielding is achieved by:

• connecting each end of one of the conductors to a good earth

• connecting the other conductor in place of the original wire

Coil-to-battery wiring

A low-pass filter, such as a Marine Technology type MAR-ACE, should be fitted at the coil end of the battery wire. The earth connection of the filter should be short and bonded to the coil body.

Noise from the battery-charging system

Alternator/generator-to-battery wiring

A low-pass filter, such as a Marine Technology type MAR-60A (up to 60 A), should be fitted to the main battery lead at the alternator to minimise noise. The filter must be rated for the maximum current available from the charging system. The earth lug of the filter should attach to the alternator body or the engine block.

Alternator-to-regulator control wire

The alternator-to-regulator control wire carries switching pulses that often contribute noise to the receiver.

WARNING

Suppression via capacitors or filters is not an option because it may cause damage to the regulator.

To minimise noise:

• separate the regulator control wire from all other wiring

• keep the wiring as short as possible

If the wiring is longer than approximately 300 mm (12 in), it should be shielded.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 51

Installation

Other regulator wires

These wires are usually suppressed using good low-inductance bypass capacitors. A Marine Technology type MAR-ACE filter is appropriate. These capacitors must be connected to the wires that are to be suppressed and to the chassis via very short leads.

Other noise sources

Engine instrumentation

Certain types of oil pressure sensors and voltage regulators used in instrument systems contain a vibrating or thermal cycling contact. These devices can only be suppressed by isolating and screening the wiring (see page 51, Alternator-to-regulator control wire). Disc ceramic capacitors with short leads, protected with insulating sleeving, are often used. If these capacitors are used, values less than 1 nF should be used to prevent damage to instrument contacts.

Electric motors

Small electric motors can usually be suppressed with capacitors. Larger motors may require a better filter as mentioned above.

NOTE

Atmospheric and solar noise conditions may be more responsible for poor signal reception than any locally generated noise.

52 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Noise suppression

Noise interference is suppressed by:

• shielding/screening, for example, the addition of a physical metallic shield between a noise source and the transceiver

• decoupling to ground, for example, a filter capacitor on the alternator

• providing RF filtering

• maintaining all electrical equipment and connections

• re-routing wiring, for example, separating the antenna feed wire from the battery cable

Most commercial and passenger vehicles are not easily suppressed for noise at radio frequencies. Since shielding of existing cables and devices such as spark plugs is neither practical nor viable for general vehicle installations, RF filtering is the preferred option.

RF filtering involves:

Installation

• preventing the noise from being generated

• minimising the noise radiated by the wiring connected to the noise source

An interference suppression kit is available from Codan (Codan part number 15-00704). It contains filters, suppressing capacitors, earth straps and fitting instructions.

The process of eliminating signal interference is by:

• identifying the noise source(s) by noting the difference in the noise levels in the receiver with the motor and accessories switched off then on

• working on each source individually until an acceptable level of suppression is achieved

Alternatively, disconnect all possible sources of noise then replace and suppress them in turn.

Most suppression is carried out using some type of RF filtering. All suppressor devices must be fitted at the source of the interference in order to be effective.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 53

Installation

Tuning the mobile antenna

Mobile antennas have a relatively narrow bandwidth. This is not important for automatic tuning antennas as they can be tuned at any exact frequency, but a pre-tuned multi-tap antenna can only be used over a small range of frequencies at each tap. Multi-tap antennas are accurately tuned at each tap point for a standard vehicle, which is usually a long wheelbase 4WD.

Tuning the tapped whip antenna

To tune the tapped whip antenna:

1 Wind the antenna lead evenly along the length of the antenna whip. 1 Place the antenna lead into the tap point corresponding to the channel frequency on

which you want to transmit.

1 On the transceiver, scroll to the channel on which you want to transmit, then press

PTT to tune.

If tuning fails see page 55, Troubleshooting the installation.

Tuning the automatic tuning whip antenna

To tune the automatic tuning whip antenna:

1 Scroll to the channel on which you want to transmit, then press PTT to tune.

54 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Troubleshooting the installation

Common problems caused by incorrect installation are listed in Table 14 .

Installation

WARNING

Table 14: Possible faults in the installation

Symptoms Possible causes Action

Antenna detunes Inadequate support of

the antenna

Antenna fails to tune certain channels or frequencies

The antenna and/or tuner may not be earthed correctly

Before using the antenna system see the safety information provided on

page 439, Radiation safety.

Poor installation can damage the antenna such that a replacement is needed.

Ensure the antenna has adequate support so that it does not sway or sag. If required, use antenna supports such as guyed masts (see page 30, Antenna supports in a fixed

station).

Improve the earth connection (see page 41, Grounding

the antenna and page 42, Grounding the tuner (fixed station only)).

Ensure a good earth connection to the vehicle body is provided by an earth braid or copper strap, keeping it as short as possible.

Incorrect positioning of the antenna

Inadequate support of the antenna

Check the vehicle earth on metal areas close to the antenna and rectify if necessary, for example, the bonnet of the vehicle may be isolated from the main vehicle earth.

If the problem persists, shorten or lengthen the coaxial cable between the antenna and the transceiver by approximately 1 m (1 yd). Check that the problem does not move to other channels.

Check that the position of the antenna corresponds to the desired direction of communication. The antenna must also be positioned away from trees, buildings etc, which provide a shielding effect and diminish the efficiency of the antenna. With an SWR meter in place, alter the position of the antenna to achieve best forward-radiated power (see page 59, Standing wave ratio).

Ensure the antenna is adequately supported, so that it does not sway or sag. If required, use antenna supports such as guyed masts (see page 30, Antenna supports in a fixed

station).

The antenna may have been tuned without the whip in place

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 55

Ensure the whip is in place before tuning.

Installation

Table 14: Possible faults in the installation (cont.)

Symptoms Possible causes Action

Antenna tunes when stationary, but fails when mobile

Distortion of the transmit audio signal

Incorrect positioning of the antenna on the vehicle

Inadequate earthing of the transceiver to the vehicle chassis

Noise interference Noise interference by

other equipment

Inadequate earthing of the transceiver

Ensure correct installation and tuning procedures are followed.

With an SWR meter in place, alter the position of the antenna to achieve best forward-radiated power (see

page 59, Standing wave ratio). Carry out all testing in the

open, away from trees and buildings etc. Leaning the antenna away from the bodywork sometimes assists in tuning. Check that the problem does not move to other channels.

Improve the earth of the transceiver by connecting an earthing strap (braid or copper strip) from the earth screw of the transceiver to the vehicle chassis, keeping the strap as short as possible (see page 40, Grounding the

transceiver).

Identify the source of interference by switching off other equipment. If possible, move the transceiver and/or antenna away from the noise source.

Improve the earth of the transceiver by connecting an earthing strap (braid or copper strip) from the earth screw of the transceiver to the earthing point, keeping the strap as short as possible (see page 40, Grounding the

transceiver).

No power The internal fuse of

the transceiver has blown

Poor connections Check that the battery is connected correctly to the

Power not switched onCheck that the AC mains supply and the transceiver

Battery not supplying the correct voltage, or is in poor condition

Incorrect cable connections

Faulty cables and/or connectors

Replace the fuse.

transceiver.

supply are both switched on.

Check battery supply (see page 44, Checking the battery).

Check that the AC mains outlet, the transceiver supply, and the transceiver are connected correctly.

Check that the cables and connectors between all items of equipment are securely connected and not damaged. If the cables or connectors are faulty, contact your Codan representative.

56 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Table 14: Possible faults in the installation (cont.)

Symptoms Possible causes Action

Installation

Poor radiation efficiency

Poor installation Improve the earth connection (see page 41, Grounding

the antenna).

Incorrect positioning of the antenna

Check the position of the antenna, ensuring that the vehicle body is not acting as a shield.

If the problem persists, check the antenna length (for long wire antennas), the length of the antenna feed wire, and the conductivity of the grounding system. Alter these slightly in an attempt to achieve better tuning. Check that the problem does not move to other channels.

The antenna and/or tuner may not be earthed correctly

Improve the earth connection (see page 41, Grounding

the antenna and page 42, Grounding the tuner (fixed station only)).

SWR is bad The SWR

measurement may have been performed at the RF unit rather than at the antenna

The antenna may not be positioned correctly

Faulty coaxial cable or control cable

Ensure the SWR meter is connected to the coaxial line at the base of the antenna to achieve an accurate reading (see

page 59, Standing wave ratio).

Check the position of the antenna, ensuring that the vehicle body is not acting as a shield. With an SWR meter in place, alter the position of the antenna to achieve best forward-radiated power (see page 59, Standing wave

ratio).

Replace faulty cables.

The antenna and/or tuner may not be earthed correctly

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 57

Improve the earth connection (see page 41, Grounding

the antenna and page 42, Grounding the tuner (fixed station only)).

Installation

Table 14: Possible faults in the installation (cont.)

Symptoms Possible causes Action

Transceiver is not responding to instructions

The transceiver may not be connected correctly

Faulty cables and/or connectors

Check that the cables and connectors between all items of equipment are securely connected and not damaged.

Tuning fails Inadequate earthing Antenna mounting bracket should be welded or bolted

directly to the chassis.

All paint should be cleaned from mating surfaces.

The earth braid provided should be connected to an independent grounding point going to the bodywork of the vehicle, or to the battery negative if possible.

transceiver).

Voltage drop in the fuse, the control leads,

Voltage less than 12 V DC

Check the voltage; it must be greater than 12 V DC on transmit.

or the battery

58 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Testing the installation

Following correct installation, the station should be tested for correct operation prior to use in the HF network.

Testing involves:

• measuring the SWR

• carrying out station-to-station on-air testing

Standing wave ratio

Installation

WARNING

An SWR meter measures the forward and reflected powers between a transceiver and its antenna load, and represents these in a ratio called the SWR. To ensure correct installation, the power and SWR assessment should be performed with the transceiver working in its normal antenna system. Press TUNE to see the SWR, then press PTT to manually tune the antenna.

If the impedance of the antenna is equal to 50 , no power is reflected. This is the ideal situation, which gives an SWR reading of 1:1. An SWR equal to or lower than 1.8:1 is acceptable. If the SWR is greater than 1.8:1, the ALC circuitry in the transceiver reduces the output power. With some combinations of frequencies and antenna design, it may not be possible to achieve the desired figure on all channels.

CAUTION The SWR should never rise above 2:1.

Using SWR to test the installation

To test the installation:

Before using the antenna system see the safety information provided on

page 439, Radiation safety.

1 Select the highest operating frequency of the transceiver. 1 Connect the SWR meter to the coaxial line at the base of the antenna. 1 Tune the antenna.

If the antenna installation parameters are within the satisfactory operating range, tuning will be successful and the SWR reading will be less than 2:1.

1 Select the lowest operating frequency of the transceiver, then repeat the test. 1 If a particular channel frequency does not tune, check the:

• length of the antenna (for long wire antennas)

• conductivity of the grounding system

• orientation of the antenna

Alter these slightly in an attempt to achieve better tuning.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 59

Installation

On-air testing

On-air testing gives a better indication of antenna operation, particularly if the operator is familiar with the signal strengths normally received within a network. Certain types of test calls can be used to test the installation.

With on-air testing, the difference in equipment between stations must be taken into account when determining the quality of the transmission. For example, a 100 W fixed station may be in contact with another fixed station using a full-size antenna and high- power transceiver. Fixed stations sometimes use split sites, where the receivers are located in a noise-free area, therefore, signal quality is improved because noise interference is minimised.

60 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

5 Operating the transceiver

This section contains the following topics:

Switching on the transceiver (62)

The handset screen (63)

The channel screen (64)

Entering and editing text (66)

Quick Start (71)

Muting the transceiver (76)

Scanning channels (77)

Using the microphone (79)

Finding words and values (80)

Setting the basics (83)

Using hot keys (90)

Tuning the antenna (91)

Using the clarifier (93)

Reducing background noise with Easitalk™ (94)

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 61

Operating the transceiver

Switching on the transceiver

To switch on the transceiver:

1 Press .

The Codan logo screen is displayed.

1 If you are prompted to enter a password, enter your user or administrator (admin)

password, then press .

If you enter an incorrect password it is automatically erased. If you enter an incorrect password three times, the transceiver automatically switches off. If you have forgotten your password see page 353, Forgotten passwords.

The welcome screen (if set) is briefly displayed, then the home screen is displayed. For example:

The default home screen is the channel screen in the Channel List. If another screen is set as the home screen, it is displayed instead. For more information on the home screen see page 103, Setting the home screen.

NOTE

Switching off the transceiver

To switch off the transceiver:

If there are no channels programmed into the transceiver, Free Tune is displayed.

1 Hold down for 2 seconds, then release.

The transceiver is switched off.

62 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

The handset screen

top line

active line

next item

top line

active line

value

In the following example, you must log in as administrator to see the

NOTE

The screen on the handset consists of three lines.

Figure 8: The handset screen

Main Menu (see page 120, Logging in to admin level from user level and

page 96, The Main Menu).

Operating the transceiver

The information displayed on the top line depends on the task you are performing. It can display:

• the name of the list, entry or setting you are in

• the Find prompt when you press

The middle line is called the active line. You can use this line to indicate the list or entry you want to select, to enter text, and to change the value in a setting.

The bottom line is used when a list is displayed to show either the next item in the list (Figure 8), or the value in the first or only setting for the entry (Figure 9). When a value is displayed, it is indented under the name of the entry to which it applies. In Figure 9 the value indicates that the Screen Brightness is set to Bright.

Figure 9: The handset screen displaying a value

The handset screen also displays information screens such as the channel screen in the Channel List, and the time screen in the Control List.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 63

Operating the transceiver

Tx power

indicator

(Hi/Lo)

channel name

call

Rx freq (kHz)

Rx/Tx indicator

mute type

indicator

signal

strength

(V/S,

type icon

highlighted when mute

is on)

mode

indicator

Tx freq (kHz)

(not shown if Tx/Rx

are the same)

The channel screen

The channel screen is the screen that is displayed when you open the Channel List. It displays:

• the name of the currently selected channel

• a bar graph that indicates the signal strength on receive and the output power on transmit

• the transmit power level indicator

• the mute type indicator

• the call type icon

• the mode

• the transmit and receive frequencies, if applicable

• an arrow that indicates whether the transceiver is receiving or transmitting

Figure 10: The channel screen in the Channel List

If the transmit and receive frequencies are the same, the frequency is only displayed in the receive frequency position on the right side of the screen, and the Rx indicator arrow is not used. The Rx/Tx indicator shows whether the transceiver is receiving or transmitting.

Your transceiver has the option of selecting high or low power. When low power is selected, Lo is displayed to the right of the signal strength indicator (see Figure 10). When high power is selected, Hi is displayed in this location.

While a call is being established, the transceiver shows that calling activity is in progress by flashing in place of the scan indicator (see Figure 11). During a call, these indicators are replaced with an icon showing the type of call being sent or received (see

Figure 10). These call type icons are listed in Table 22 on page 167.

64 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

When the transceiver is scanning, the channel screen is replaced by the scanning screen

scan indicator

(see Figure 11).

Figure 11: The scanning screen

Selecting a channel

To select a channel:

1 Press or VIEW until the channel screen is displayed. 1 If the transceiver is scanning, press SCAN to switch off scanning.

Operating the transceiver

1 Scroll through the channels in the list. Stop scrolling when the channel you want is

displayed.

The channel is selected.

If you want to change the sideband or IF filter settings, press MODE. If the mode does not change there is only one mode for the channel.

NOTE

You can also use the Find feature to find a channel (see page 80,

Finding words and values).

If you have an automatic antenna fitted, press PTT to tune the antenna to the currently selected channel.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 65

Operating the transceiver

indicates upper-case text entry

indicates lower-case text entry

indicates numeric text entry

Entering and editing text

There are several situations in which you may be prompted to enter or edit text, for example, when you enter the address of a station you want to call, when you select a setting in which text is required, or when you create an entry in a list. The numeric keypad on the handset is context sensitive so that, in these situations, you can use the numeric keys to enter letters, numbers and symbols.

The editable screens

A screen in which you can enter or edit text has a question mark at the end of the title line and a character/case indicator at the bottom right of the screen.

Figure 12: Editable screen showing upper-case text entry

Figure 13: Editable screen showing lower-case text entry

Figure 14: Editable screen showing numeric text entry

Figure 15: Editable screen showing slider

66 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Editing a screen

NOTE

To gain access to an editable screen:

1 Hold .

Operating the transceiver

In the following example, you must log in as administrator to see the Welcome Text entry in the Control List (see page 120, Logging in to

admin level from user level).

A question mark is displayed at the end of the heading to show that you can now enter and/or edit text in the setting.

Entering text

To enter text in an editable screen:

1 To enter one of the letters on a key, press the key repeatedly until the letter is

displayed.

NOTE

You can also hold the key until the letter you want is displayed, then release the key.

1 To enter another letter on the same key, wait until the cursor moves to the next

space...

...then press the key repeatedly until the letter you want is displayed.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 67

Operating the transceiver

1 To enter a letter on another key, press the key for the letter.

Changing between alpha and numeric characters

To change between upper-case and lower-case letters and numbers in an editable screen:

1 Press # to change the character/case indicator at the bottom right of the screen from

You do not need to wait until the cursor moves to the next space.

A to a to #.

When you are prompted to enter a call address, the types of

NOTE

characters that you can enter are determined by the call systems installed in the transceiver.

Moving the cursor

To move the cursor across the text:

1 Use or to move the cursor left or right respectively.

Inserting text

To insert text:

1 Use or to move the cursor to the point where you want to insert text (or a space),

then press the required character key.

If you want to insert a space, make sure that A or a is displayed at the

NOTE

Deleting text

To delete text:

bottom right of the screen before you press 0, otherwise you will enter a zero.

1 Use or to move the cursor one position to the right of the character you want to

delete, then press .

68 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Operating the transceiver

Entering special characters in messages and names

To enter a special character:

1 Use or to move the cursor to the point where you want to insert a special

character, then press* repeatedly until the symbol you want is displayed.

The special characters that are available are:

NOTE

. , ’ ? ! & # $ * ( ) - + /

NOTE

To enter one of an extended range of special characters:

Make sure that A or a is displayed at the bottom right of the screen before you press*, otherwise you will enter a decimal point.

1 Use or to move the cursor to the point where you want to insert a special

character.

1 Press to enter the special character mode. 1 Use or to scroll through the rows of character choices.

The characters that are available are:

space , . ; ? : " ‘ ’ / ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ - + = | \

NOTE

~ < > { } [ ] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

1 When the character you want to insert appears in the selected row, use 1 or 3 to

scroll left or right respectively until the character is highlighted, then press .

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 69

Operating the transceiver

Entering text in an ALE call address

NOTE

To enter the global ALL address syntax:

1 Ensure that you are in an editable call address screen in which you can enter upper-

If the FED-STD-1045 ALE/CALM option is installed in your transceiver, the *key may be used to enter the global ALL address syntax (@?@) easily.

case letters (A).

1 Press

Saving text changes

To save the changes you have made in an editable screen:

to enter @?@.

1 Press .

The question mark is removed from the heading.

If you do not want to save the text, hold to discard the changes.

70 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Quick Start

Quick Start provides a simple way of:

• adding channels

• assigning channels to a scan list

• setting the time and date

• setting the self address of your station

• adding, changing or deleting entries from lists

Quick Start is available if your transceiver has not been programmed with a profile, or contains only one station self address and network names from this default list:

•*Voice

•*Selcall

•*CALM

Operating the transceiver

• !Default

Quick Start is accessed via the key. Standard List Manager functions as described on

page 99, The List Manager are accessed through the Advanced... entry in the List

Manager when Quick Start is available. When Quick Start is disabled by entering a non- default network name or by entering more than one station self address, all List Manager functionality is accessed directly by holding the key.

In countries that do not permit programming of transmit frequencies using the handset, you are not able to add channels using Quick Start; this is achieved using NSP.

You can set up Quick Start using configuration commands in the

NOTE

Opening and closing Quick Start

To open Quick Start:

Message 10 entry in the Control List (see page 415, Controlling access to

the List Manager).

1 Hold .

To close Quick Start:

1 Press or hold .

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 71

Operating the transceiver

Adding/Editing a channel

NOTE

To add or edit a channel:

1 Hold to open Quick Start. 1 Scroll to Add/Edit channel, then press . 1 Enter the name of the channel you want to create, then press .

If you have option TxD installed, you are not able to program transmit frequencies.

If you have option TxP installed, the Add/Edit channel entry is not available.

NOTE For help with entering text see page 66, Entering and editing text.

If you want to use an existing channel, scroll to the channel, then press .

1 Enter the receive frequency in kilohertz, then press .

NOTE

You can enter the frequency to three decimal places. Press* to enter a decimal point, then continue with entering the frequency.

1 Enter the transmit frequency in kilohertz, then press . 1 Scroll to the mode combination you want to use, then press .

The transceiver returns to Quick Start.

1 If you want to add/edit more channels in your transceiver, scroll to Add/Edit

channel, then repeat this process.

1 Press to close Quick Start, if required.

NOTE

If you want to make or receive calls on this new channel, you must add it to your scan list.

72 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Operating the transceiver

Setting up a scan list

To set up a scan list:

1 Hold to open Quick Start. 1 Scroll to Set scan list, then press .

The first channel in the transceiver is displayed.

1 If you want to add this channel to the scan list, press .

If you do not want to add this channel to the scan list, press .

When all the channels have been viewed or you have added 15 channels to your scan list, the transceiver returns to Quick Start.

If you do not want to scroll through all the channels in your scan list, hold to return to Quick Start.

1 Press to close Quick Start, if required.

CAUTION

Setting the time and date

To set the time and date:

Each time you enter Set scan list, the resulting scan list overwrites the existing scan list.

1 Hold to open Quick Start. 1 Scroll to Set time/date, then press .

The display appears with a line under the year.

1 Use or to change the current setting to the correct value, then press .

The line appears under the month.

1 Repeat the previous step until you have made all of the changes to the time and date.

When all the changes have been made, the transceiver returns to Quick Start.

1 Press to close Quick Start, if required.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 73

Operating the transceiver

Setting your station self address

NOTE

To set your station self address:

1 Hold to open Quick Start. 1 Scroll to Set my address, then press . 1 Enter your station self address (up to 10 digits for a Codan Selcall network and up to

When Quick Start is available, any self address that you enter using this method replaces the previous self address. If you want to enter more than one self address, and hence disable the Quick Start features, see

Entering your station self address.

15 upper-case/numeric characters for an ALE/CALM network), then press .

page 85,

CAUTION

NOTE For help with entering text see page 66, Entering and editing text.

If you intend to send calls to a station that is compatible with 4-digit self addresses only, you must set up a 4-digit self address.

1 Press to close Quick Start, if required.

Adding/Editing an entry in the Address List or Call Book

To add or edit an address that you call frequently:

1 Hold to open Quick Start. 1 Scroll to Address/CallBk, then press . 1 Enter the name of the station or person you want to add to the list, or use or to

scroll to an existing entry, then press .

NOTE For help with entering text see page 66, Entering and editing text.

1 Scroll to the type of call you want to make, enter the station address you want to call,

then press .

1 If you selected Message? or No call type, enter the message, then press .

If you do not want to enter a message, press .

1 Scroll to the call system you want to use to make the call, then press . 1 If you selected Phone? or No call type, scroll to <blank> as the phone link you

want to use, then press .

When all the changes have been made to the call address, the transceiver returns to Quick Start.

1 If you want to add more call addresses to your Address List or Call Book, scroll to

Address/CallBk, then repeat this process.

1 Press to close Quick Start, if required.

74 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Operating the transceiver

Deleting an entry

To delete addresses, channels or phone links:

1 Hold to open Quick Start. 1 Scroll to Delete..., then press .

You can delete items from the Address/CallBk, Channel or Phone Link Lists.

1 Scroll to the list from which you want to delete an item, then press . 1 Scroll to the item you want to delete, then press .

NOTE

If you delete a channel from the Channel List, it is deleted from the scan list automatically.

1 Press to close Quick Start, if required.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 75

Operating the transceiver

Muting the transceiver

In the following discussion, you must log in as administrator to see the

NOTE

When the transceiver is set to a channel or is scanning channels, and mute is switched off, you hear noise on each channel. If you do not want to listen to this noise, you can silence the transceiver by switching mute on.

Mute automatically comes on when the transceiver starts scanning. You must set the Mute Scan entry in the Control List to:

• Selcall if you want the mute to open when a call addressed to your station is detected, or voice is detected on a channel in a voice network

• Voice if you want the mute to open when a voice signal is detected (you can alter the call detect time across Codan Selcall networks)

• Scan for Voice if you want the mute to open when a voice signal is detected on any network (the transceiver scans at a uniform rate across all networks)

entries in the Control List (see page 120, Logging in to admin level from

user level).

If the scan is paused due to voice being detected, the length of time that the transceiver holds the pause is set in the Cfg Scan Voice Max Hold and Cfg Scan Voice Extend entries in the Control List. Scanning only resumes automatically if the transceiver is set to start scanning after a timeout period (see page 213, Auto Resume entries).

For help with changing these entries in the Control List see page 190,

NOTE

Switching mute on or off

To switch mute on or off:

Entries in the Control List and page 104, Changing a setting in the Control List.

1 Press MUTE.

A message is displayed briefly to inform you that mute has been switched on or off. The V or S on the channel screen is highlighted when mute is on.

Setting the mute type

To select the mute type:

1 Press V/S to toggle the mute type between Selcall mute (S) and Voice mute (V).

If you have the AES-256 digital voice encryptor fitted, an additional

NOTE

76 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

mute type of Digital Voice Only mute (D) is available. For more information see page 256, Using digital mute.

Scanning channels

If you intend to receive calls on several channel/modes, switch on scanning. When scanning is switched on, the transceiver selects each channel/mode in your network in quick succession to detect incoming calls. The channel/modes are scanned in a continuous cycle. Mute is switched on automatically. For more information on setting up a network to be scanned see page 136, Scan Network.

When the transceiver detects a call addressed to your station, it stops scanning and notifies you according to the type of call received (see page 184, Receiving a call). When you press SCAN to end the call, scanning resumes. If you do not press this key to end the call, or any other key within a pre-determined timeout, the transceiver automatically ends the call and resumes scanning (see page 213, Auto Resume entries).

When the transceiver detects voice, it notifies you according to the mute setting selected (see page 76, Muting the transceiver). If your transceiver is set to notify you when voice is detected, you can pause scanning, select the channel/mode on which the voice was heard, then resume scanning when required.

It is recommended that scanning is switched on when you are not using the transceiver to communicate.

Operating the transceiver

Switching scanning on or off

To switch scanning on or off:

1 Press SCAN.

If a call is not in progress, scanning is toggled on or off.

If a call is in progress, the call is ended and the transceiver begins scanning.

When scanning is switched on, mute is also switched on.

NOTE

If you press PTT while the transceiver is scanning, the scan is paused.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 77

Operating the transceiver

Pausing scanning

To pause scanning:

1 Do one of the following:

1 While scanning is paused, do one or more of the following:

• To pause scanning on the current channel/mode, press .

• To pause scanning and scroll to another channel/mode, press or .

The channel/modes through which you can scroll are those in the network or networks that were being scanned. They are not listed alphabetically but in the order in which they were being scanned.

If you do not press a key within 30 seconds, the transceiver automatically resumes scanning.

• To speak, hold down PTT.

• To resume scanning immediately, press .

78 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Using the microphone

The microphone is located at the top centre of your handset. When you talk into the microphone:

• hold the microphone side-on and close to your mouth

• hold down PTT

• speak clearly at your normal volume and rate

• use the word ‘over’ to indicate that you have finished speaking, then release PTT (the transceiver may be set up to transmit a short beep when you release PTT)

• remember that your conversation can be monitored by anyone tuned to your transmit frequency

If PTT is held continuously for a certain length of time, the system stops transmission, switches to receive and displays an error message on the handset. This ensures that, even if the PTT button is being held down accidentally (because, for example, you are sitting on the handset), power consumption is minimised and the transceiver is ready to receive calls.

Operating the transceiver

You can set the length of time the system waits before it cuts transmission, or switch this feature off, by using the PTT Cutout Time entry in the Control List (see page 190,

Entries in the Control List).

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 79

Operating the transceiver

Finding words and values

NOTE

Scrolling through lists, entries and settings is one way to find items. The Find feature, however, may help you find them faster.

There are two types of searches you can perform to find specific items. You can:

• search for any word in the Main Menu or in an entry in a list that begins with a specific character (for example, find all the entries in the Control List that contain the word ‘beep’, such as Key Beep and PTT Beeps)

• search for a value in a setting (for example, find all the channels in the Channel List with a receive frequency of 13000 kHz)

Finding a word

To find any word in the Main Menu or in the name of an entry:

In the following examples, you must log in as administrator to see the Main Menu (see page 120, Logging in to admin level from user level).

1 From Main Menu, scroll to the list in which you want to search, then press .

The first entry in the list is displayed. For example:

1 Press once.

The Find prompt is displayed on the top line.

NOTE For help with finding a value see page 81, Finding a value.

1 Enter the first character of the word you want to find.

The first item that contains a word beginning with this character is displayed.

80 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Operating the transceiver

If there aren’t any words that begin with this character, the character is deleted and an error beep is made.

To refine your search, enter more characters in the word you want to

NOTE

find.

To backspace over text, press .

1 Scroll through the list until the item you want is displayed on the active line.

NOTE

If the list doesn’t scroll, then there is only one word that matches the characters you entered.

1 Press to exit Find at the entry.

Finding a value

NOTE

To find a value that begins with a specific digit:

You cannot use this type of search in the Main Menu or in the Control List.

1 From Main Menu, scroll to the list in which the value is stored, then press . 1 Press twice.

The Find prompt is displayed on the top line with the name of the first setting in the entry. For example:

The search for a value is conducted in the setting displayed. To search

NOTE

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 81

for a value in a different setting, press until that setting is displayed.

Operating the transceiver

1 Enter the first digit of the value you want to find.

1 Scroll through the entries until the one you want is displayed.

The first entry that contains a value beginning with this digit is displayed, and the value is displayed beneath it.

If there aren’t any values that begin with this digit, the digit is deleted and an error beep is made.

To refine your search, enter more digits in the value you want to find.

NOTE

To backspace over text, press .

NOTE

If the list doesn’t scroll, then there is only one value that matches the digits you entered.

1 Press to exit Find at the entry.

NOTE If you are in the Channel List, the transceiver selects this channel.

82 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Setting the basics

Setting the time and date

Operating the transceiver

NOTE

When the transceiver leaves the factory it is set to UTC time with a time zone offset of zero. To set your local time and date you must enter your time zone offset from UTC time, then adjust the local time and date if necessary. This feature is useful if you have a network that spreads over several time zones, or you need to time stamp your transmissions according to the current time at longitude zero.

Setting the time zone offset

To set your time zone offset from UTC time:

In the following discussion, you must log in as administrator to see the Main Menu (see page 120, Logging in to admin level from user level).

1 Press until Main Menu is displayed. 1 Scroll to Control, then press . 1 Scroll to Time..., then press . 1 Scroll to Zone Offset, then hold .

1 Scroll to the correct time zone offset for your location, then press . 1 Press until Main Menu is displayed.

NGT Transceiver Reference Manual 83

Operating the transceiver

Adjusting the local time and date

If the local time and date are not correct after setting your time zone offset from UTC time, adjust the local time and date.

To adjust the local time and date:

1 Press until Main Menu is displayed. 1 Scroll to Control, then press . 1 Scroll to Time..., then press . 1 Scroll to Local, then hold .

The cursor is placed under the year.

1 Scroll through the values until the one you want is displayed, then press to go to

the next setting.

To go to the previous setting, press .

1 Repeat the previous step until the date and time are correct. 1 Press after setting the seconds to save your changes. 1 Press until Main Menu is displayed.

84 NGT Transceiver Reference Manual

Codan NGT User guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Table of contents

1 About this manual

2 HF radio transmission

3 The NGT Transceiver

4 Installation

5 Operating the transceiver

6 Using lists

7 The Channel List

8 The Network List

9 The Phone Link List

10 The Address List

11 Making and receiving calls

12 The Control List

13 The Keypad List

14 The Mode List

15 CES-128 voice encryptor option

16 AES-256 digital voice encryptor option

17 AES-256 digital data encryptor option

18 Using the transceiver in free tune and Amateur Mode

19 Hot keys

20 Connectors

21 System messages

22 Specifications

Index

List of figures

List of tables

1 About this manual

Standards and icons

Definitions

Acronyms and abbreviations

Glossary

Units

Unit multipliers

About this issue

Associated documents

2 HF radio transmission

HF radio transmission

Ground wave

Direct wave

Sky wave

Figure 1: The reflective properties of the ionosphere

Frequency, distance and time of day

Channels and modes

Table 1: Examples of channels and modes

Networks and scanning

The FED-STD-1045 ALE/CALM option

Etiquette for the use of HF radio

Table 2: The phonetic alphabet

3 The NGT Transceiver

Figure 2: The NGT AR and SR Transceivers

Figure 3: The NGT AR Voice and VR Transceivers

The 2020 Handset

Figure 4: The 2020 Handset

The Tick and Cross keys

The scroll keys

Hot keys

Table 3: Standard hot keys

The NGT Desk Console with handset

Figure 5: The NGT Desk Console with handset

Table 4: Standard hot keys on the desk console

4 Installation

Types of stations

Mobile station

Figure 6: A typical mobile station

Fixed station

Figure 7: A typical fixed station

Antenna tuners in a fixed station

Automatic tuners

Antenna supports in a fixed station

Types of mobile antennas

Automatic tuning whip antenna

Description

Advantages and limitations

Table 5: Advantages and limitations of the automatic tuning whip antenna

Tapped whip antenna

Description