Clevo d610s, d620s, d630s schematic

Notebook Computer

D610S/D620S/D630S

Service Manual

Preface

Preface

I

Preface

Preface

Notice

The company reserves the right to revise this publication or to change its contents without notice. Information contained
herein is for reference only and does not constitute a commitment on the part of the manufacturer or any subsequent ven­dor. They assume no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this publication nor are
they in anyway responsible for any loss or damage resulting from the use (or misuse) of this publication.

This publication and any accompanying software may not, in whole or in part, be reproduced, translated, transmitted or
reduced to any machine readable form without prior consent from the vendor, manufacturer or creators of this publica­tion, except for copies kept by the user for backup purposes.

Brand and product names mentioned in this publication may or may not be copyrights and/or registered trademarks of
their respective companies. They are mentioned for identification purposes only and are not intended as an endorsement
of that product or its manufacturer.
Version 1.0
May 2002

Trademarks

Intel® and Pentium® are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.
Windows

Other brand and product names are trademarks and./or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

II

®

is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

About this Manual

This manual is intended for service personnel who have completed sufficient training to undertake the maintenance and
inspection of personal computers.

It is organized to allow you to look up basic information for servicing and/or upgrading components of the notebook PC.

The following information is included:

Chapter 1, Introduction, provides general information about the location of system elements and their specifications.
Chapter 2, Disassembly, provides step-by-step instructions for disassembling parts and subsystems and how to upgrade
elements of the system.
Appendix A, Part Lists
Appendix B, Schematic Diagrams

Preface

Preface

III

Preface

Related Documents

You may also need to consult the following manual for additional information:

User’s Manual on CD
This describes the notebook PC’s features and the procedures for operating the computer and its ROM-based setup pro­gram. It also describes the installation and operation of the utility programs provided with the notebook PC.

Preface

IV

Contents

Introduction ........................................................... 1-1

Overview ............................................................................................................. 1-1

System Specifications ......................................................................................... 1-2

Processor ............................................................................................................. 1-2

Core Logic ........................................................................................................... 1-2

Structure .............................................................................................................. 1-2

Security ................................................................................................................ 1-2

Memory ............................................................................................................... 1-2

BIOS .................................................................................................................... 1-2

LCD ..................................................................................................................... 1-2

Display ................................................................................................................. 1-3

Storage ................................................................................................................. 1-3

Audio ................................................................................................................... 1-3

PC Card ............................................................................................................... 1-3

Interface ............................................................................................................... 1-4

Communication ................................................................................................... 1-4

Power Management ............................................................................................. 1-4

Power ................................................................................................................... 1-5

Indicators ............................................................................................................. 1-5

Environmental Spec ............................................................................................ 1-5

Physical Dimensions ........................................................................................... 1-5

Weight ................................................................................................................. 1-5

Optional ............................................................................................................... 1-5

External Locator - Top Views ............................................................................. 1-6

External Locator - Front & Left Views ............................................................... 1-7

External Locator - Right & Rear Views .............................................................. 1-8

External Locator - Bottom View ......................................................................... 1-9

Preface

Preface

Disassembly ............................................................ 2-1

V

Preface

Preface

Overview ............................................................................................................. 2-1

Maintenance Tools .............................................................................................. 2-2

Connections ......................................................................................................... 2-2

Maintenance Precautions .................................................................................... 2-3

Disassembly Steps ............................................................................................... 2-4

Removing the Battery ......................................................................................... 2-5

Removing the Hard Disk Drive Assembly .......................................................... 2-6

Removing the CD Device ................................................................................... 2-7

Removing the Keyboard ..................................................................................... 2-8

Removing the System Memory ........................................................................... 2-9

Removing the CPU ........................................................................................... 2-10

Removing the Bottom Case .............................................................................. 2-12

Part Lists ............................................................... A-1

Part List Illustration Location .............................................................................A-2

Top (D610S) .......................................................................................................A-3

Bottom (D610S) ..................................................................................................A-4

LCD 14" (D610S) ...............................................................................................A-5

LCD 15" (D610S) ...............................................................................................A-6

Battery (D610S) ..................................................................................................A-7

Samsung CD-ROM Drive (D610S) ....................................................................A-8

TEAC CD-ROM Drive (D610S) ........................................................................A-9

KME CD-RW Drive (D610S) ..........................................................................A-10

Combo Drive (D610S) ......................................................................................A-11

Toshiba DVD-ROM Drive (D610S) .................................................................A-12

Hard Disk Drive (D610S) .................................................................................A-13

Top (D630S) .....................................................................................................A-14

Bottom (D630S) ................................................................................................A-15

LCD 14" (D630S) .............................................................................................A-16

LCD 15" (D630S) .............................................................................................A-17

Battery (D630S) ................................................................................................A-18

Samsung CD-ROM Drive (D630S) ..................................................................A-19

VI

TEAC CD-ROM Drive (D630S) ......................................................................A-20

KME CD-RW Drive (D630S) ..........................................................................A-21

Combo Drive (D630S) ......................................................................................A-22

Toshiba DVD-ROM Drive (D630S) .................................................................A-23

Hard Disk Drive (D630S) .................................................................................A-24

Schematic Diagrams ..............................................B-1

System Block Diagram .......................................................................................B-3

Table ....................................................................................................................B-4

CPU Socket 478 - 1 of 2 .....................................................................................B-5

CPU Socket 478 - 2 of 2 .....................................................................................B-6

VCC Core Power .................................................................................................B-7

+2.5V, +1.8VS, +1.25VS ....................................................................................B-8

Main Clock Generator .........................................................................................B-9

650-1 (Host/AGP) - 1 of 4 ................................................................................B-10

650-2 (Memory for DDR) - 2 of 4 ....................................................................B-11

650-3 (HyperZip/VGA/Misc) - 3 of 4 ...............................................................B-12

650-4 (Power) - 4 of 4 .......................................................................................B-13

DDR SDRAM DIMM1 & DIMM2 ..................................................................B-14

SSTL-2 Termination Resistors ..........................................................................B-15

Chrontel CH7017 LVDS Interface ....................................................................B-16

Chrontel CH7017 TV Encoder and S-Video Port .............................................B-17

961A-1 (PCI/IDE/HyperZip) - 1 of 4 ................................................................B-18

961A-2 (Misc Signals) - 2 of 4 .........................................................................B-19

961A-3 (USB) - 3 of 4 .....................................................................................B-20

961A-4 (Power & RTC) - 4 of 4 ......................................................................B-21

IDE Connectors .................................................................................................B-22

PCI LAN RTL8139C ........................................................................................B-23

PCMCIA TI PCI1410 .......................................................................................B-24

TI1394 (TSB43AB22) ......................................................................................B-25

LPC Super I/O & ROM .....................................................................................B-26

LPC H8 ..............................................................................................................B-27

Preface

Preface

VII

Preface

Preface

Fan / Audio & Modem Conn ............................................................................B-28

Power Board / Power Button .............................................................................B-29

+3V, +5V, +12V ...............................................................................................B-30

Charger - PWM .................................................................................................B-31

3VH8, +1.8V .....................................................................................................B-32

Inverter Board ...................................................................................................B-33

VIII

1: Introduction

Overview

This manual covers the information you need to service or upgrade the D610S/D620S/D630S series notebook computer.
Information about operating the computer (e.g. getting started, and the Setup utility) is in the User’s Manual. Information
about drivers (e.g. VGA & audio) is also found in User’s Manual. That manual is shipped with the computer.

Operating systems (e.g. DOS, Windows 9x, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP, OS/2 Warp, UNIX, etc.) have
their own manuals as do application software (e.g. word processing and database programs). If you have questions about
those programs, you should consult those manuals.

The D610S/D620S/D630S series notebook is designed to be upgradeable. See “Disassembly” on page 2 - 1 for a de­tailed description of the upgrade procedures for each specific component. Please note the warning and safety information
indicated by the “

The balance of this chapter reviews the computer’s technical specifications and features.

” symbol.

Introduction

1.Introduction

Overview 1 - 1

Introduction

System Specifications

Processor

• Intel Pentium 4 Processor - (478-pin) FC-PGA2 package

µ0.18) 0.18 Micron Process Technology, 256K L2 Cache & 400MHz FSB - 1.5/1.6/1.7/1.8 GHz

(
(

µ0.13) 0.13 Micron Process Technology, 512K L2 Cache & 400MHz FSB - 2.0/ 2.2/ 2.4/ 2.5 GHz

Core Logic

•SIS650

Structure

• Fully PC99 Compliant

• ACPI 1.0B Compliant

• PC2001 Compliant

Security

• Kensington® Lock

1.Introduction

1 - 2 System Specifications

Memory

• Two 200-pin DDR SODIMM sockets, supporting DDR SDRAM SODIMM (2.5V) - DDR266 compliant

• Expandable memory up to 1GB (128/256/512MB SODIMM Modules)

BIOS

• One 512KB Flash ROM

•Phoenix BIOS

LCD

• 14.1" XGA TFT (1024*768)

OR

• 15.0" SXGA+ TFT (1400*1050)

Display

• 4 * AGP™

• Integrated 128-bit 2D/3D graphics engine
Advanced HW accelerator for DVD content playback
Motion compensation and IDCT accelerator

• Dual-View display monitor

• Integrates a NTSC/PAL video encoder with Macro version option for TV display

Video Memory Note: The system allocates or "shares" a portion of system memory for video use. "Shared" memory is

user-configurable via the SCU. The default setting is set to 32MB, and in addition, may be
adjusted to 16MB or 64MB.

Introduction

Storage

• One changeable 2.5" 9.5mm HDD supporting Master mode IDE & PIO mode 4/ATA-33/66/100 (Ultra DMA)

• Optional 12.7mm (h) 24 * CD-ROM drive, OR 8 * DVD-ROM drive, OR CD-RW drive, OR combo drive (8 * DVD-ROM +

CD-RW)

Audio

• AC'97 compliant interface

• 3D stereo enhanced sound system

• Compatible with Sound-Blaster PRO™ 16

• S/PDIF Digital output (5.1 CH) for DVD content and stereo audio

• Microphone-in jack

• Headphone-out jack

• Built-in microphone

• 2 built-in speakers

Keyboard

• “Win Key” keyboard

PC Card

• One type II PCMCIA 3.3V/5V/12V sockets (no Zoomed Video support)

• Supports one CardBus slot

1.Introduction

System Specifications 1 - 3

Introduction

1.Introduction

Interface

• Built-in TouchPad (scrolling key functionality integrated)

• Three USB ports

• One IEEE 1394 port

• One S-Video jack for TV output

• One parallel port (LPT1), supporting ECP / EPP 1.7 and 1.9

• Fast Infrared (FIR) file transfer IrDA 1.1 FIR/SIR/ASKIR

• One external CRT monitor port

• One external keyboard/mouse (through Y cable) PS/2 port

• One speaker-out/headphone-out jack

• One microphone-in jack

• One RJ-11 jack for modem

• One RJ-45 jack for 100M/10M LAN

• One S/PDIF out port

• One DC-in jack

• Three built-in instant keys for web browser, email & DVD/CD player

Communication

• Wireless Infrared transfer IrDA 1.1, up to 1M operating distance, 115.2K bps SIR/ 4Mbps FIR

• 10/100Mb Ethernet LAN built-in

• 56K MDC modem V.90 & V.92 compliant

Power Management

• Supports ACPI v1.0B

• Supports suspend to RAM

• Supports suspend to disk

• Battery low suspend

• Resume from modem ring (S3)

• Resume from LAN (S3)

1 - 4 System Specifications

Power

• Full range AC adapter - AC-In 100~240V, 50~60Hz, DC Output 20V, 6A

• Supports one removable Smart Li-Ion battery 11.1v/ 6.0Ah, 6000mAH

Indicators

• LED indicators (HDD, Power On/ AC-In/ Suspend, Battery Charging/Battery Full, E-mail, Num Lock, Caps Lock, Scroll

Lock)

Environmental Spec

• Temperature Relative Humidity

• Operating: 5

• Non-Operating: -20

°C~ 35°C Operating: 20% ~ 80%

°C ~ 60°C Non-Operating: 10% ~ 90%

Physical Dimensions

• 331 (w) x 280 (d) x 44.5 (h) mm

Weight

• 3.2 kg w/o battery

Introduction

1.Introduction

Optional

• DVD-ROM Drive (12.7mmH)

• CD-RW Drive (12.7mmH)

• Combination Drive (DVD-ROM and CD-RW, 12.7mmH)

• USB FDD

• Software DVD player

• Software RW writer

• Lithium-Ion smart battery pack (9 cell)

System Specifications 1 - 5

Introduction

Figure 1 - 1

Top Views

1. LCD

2. LED Power &
E-Mail Indicators

3. Close Cover
Switch

4. Speakers

5. Hot-Key buttons

6. LED Status
Indicators

7. Power Button

8. Keyboard

9. TouchPad and
Buttons

10. Palm Rest
(Removable)

11. LCD Latch

1.Introduction



Model Differences

External Locator - Top Views

1

2

4 5

10

6

8

9

2

7

3

4

4

10

1

2

6

8

9

2

7

5

3

4

4

10

1

2

6

8

9

2

7

5

3

4

This manual refers to
the three notebook
models pictured on this
page.

The models vary
slightly in external de­sign. Photographs
used throughout this
manual are of Model B.

1 - 6 External Locator - Top Views

11

Model A Model C

11

Model B

11

Introduction

External Locator - Front & Left Views

1

1

Figure 1 - 2

Front View

1. LCD Latch

1.Introduction

Figure 1 - 3

Left Side View

1. Security Lock

2. Vent

2

External Locator - Front & Left Views 1 - 7

Introduction

Figure 1 - 4

Right Side View

1. Microphone-In
Jack

2. Headphone-Out
Jack

3. S/PDIF Out Port

4. Mini IEEE 1394
Port

5. 3 USB Ports

6. PC Card Slot

7. PC Card Eject
Button

8. CD Device

9. Infrared Port

Figure 1 - 5

1.Introduction

Rear View

1. RJ-11 Phone
Jack

2. RJ-45 LAN Jack

3. Parallel Port

4. Vent/Fan Outlets

5. External Moni­tor (CRT) Port

6. S-Video Port

7. PS/2 Type Port

8. DC-In Jack

External Locator - Right & Rear Views

6 7

1

132

3

2 4 5

4

5

9

8

6

7 8

1 - 8 External Locator - Right & Rear Views

Introduction

External Locator - Bottom View

3

2

Figure 1 - 6

Bottom View

1. Vent/Fan Outlets

2. HDD Bay

3. CD Device
Release Latch

1

1

4. Battery

5. Battery Release
Latch

1.Introduction

1

1



5

4

Overheating

To prevent your com­puter from overheating
make sure nothing
blocks the vent/fan
outlets while the com­puter is in use.

External Locator - Bottom View 1 - 9

Introduction

1.Introduction

1-10

2: Disassembly

Overview

This chapter provides step-by-step instructions for disassembling parts and subsystems. When it comes to reassembly,
reverse the procedures (unless otherwise indicated).

We suggest you completely review any procedure before you take the computer apart.

Disassembly



Component Parts

Procedures such as upgrading/replacing the RAM, CD device and hard disk are included in the User’s Manual but are
repeated here for your convenience.

To make the disassembly process easier each section may have a box in the page margin. Information contained under
the figure # will give a synopsis of the sequence of procedures involved in the disassembly procedure. A box with a 
lists the relevant parts you will have after the disassembly process is complete. Note: The parts listed will be for the dis­assembly procedure listed ONLY, and not any previous disassembly step(s) required. Refer to the part list for the previ­ous disassembly procedure. The amount of screws you should be left with will be listed here also.

A box with a

An example of these types of boxes are shown in the sidebar.

5 will provide any possible helpful information. A box with a  contains warnings.

2.Disassembly

5

Information



Warning

Overview 2 - 1

Disassembly

2.Disassembly

NOTE: All disassembly procedures assume that the system is turned OFF, and disconnected from any power supply (the
battery is removed too).

Maintenance Tools

The following tools are recommended when working on the notebook PC:

• M3 Philips-head screwdriver

• M2.5 Philips-head screwdriver (magnetized)

• M2 Philips-head screwdriver

• Small flat-head screwdriver

• Pair of needle-nose pliers

• Anti-static wrist-strap

Connections

Connections within the computer are one of four types:

Locking collar sockets for ribbon connectors To release these connectors, use a small flat-head screwdriver to

gently pry the locking collar away from its base. When replac­ing the connection, make sure the connector is oriented in the
same way. The pin1 side is usually not indicated.

2 - 2 Overview

Pressure sockets for multi-wire connectors To release this connector type, grasp it at its head and gently

rock it from side to side as you pull it out. Do not pull on the
wires themselves. When replacing the connection, do not try to
force it. The socket only fits one way.

Pressure sockets for ribbon connectors To release these connectors, use a small pair of needle-nose pli-

ers to gently lift the connector away from its socket. When re­placing the connection, make sure the connector is oriented in
the same way. The pin1 side is usually not indicated.

Board-to-board or multi-pin sockets To separate the boards, gently rock them from side to side as

you pull them apart. If the connection is very tight, use a small
flat-head screwdriver - use just enough force to start.

Maintenance Precautions

The following precautions are a reminder. To avoid personal injury or damage to the computer while performing a re­moval and/or replacement job, take the following precautions:

1. Don't drop it. Perform your repairs and/or upgrades on a stable surface. If the computer falls, the case and other
components could be damaged.

2. Don't overheat it. Note the proximity of any heating elements. Keep the computer out of direct sunlight.

3. Avoid interference. Note the proximity of any high capacity transformers, electric motors, and other strong mag-
netic fields. These can hinder proper performance and damage components and/or data. You should also monitor
the position of magnetized tools (i.e. screwdrivers).

4. Keep it dry. This is an electrical appliance. If water or any other liquid gets into it, the computer could be badly dam-
aged.

5. Be careful with power. Avoid accidental shocks, discharges or explosions.

• Before removing or servicing any part from the computer, turn the computer off and detach any power supplies.

• When you want to unplug the power cord or any cable/wire, be sure to disconnect it by the plug head. Do not pull on the
wire.

6. Peripherals – Turn off and detach any peripherals.

7. Beware of static discharge. ICs, such as the CPU and main support chips, are vulnerable to static electricity.
Before handling any part in the computer, discharge any static electricity inside the computer. When handling a
printed circuit board, do not use gloves or other materials which allow static electricity buildup. We suggest that you
use an anti-static wrist strap instead.

8. Beware of corrosion. As you perform your job, avoid touching any connector leads. Even the cleanest hands pro­duce oils which can attract corrosive elements.

9. Keep your work environment clean. Tobacco smoke, dust or other air-born particulate matter is often attracted to
charged surfaces, reducing performance.

10.Keep track of the components. When removing or replacing any part, be careful not to leave small parts, such as
screws, loose inside the computer.

Disassembly



Power Safety

Warning

Before you undertake
any upgrade proce­dures, make sure that
you have turned off the
power, and discon­nected all peripherals
and cables (including
telephone lines). It is
advisable to also re­move your battery in
order to prevent acci­dentally turning the
machine on.

2.Disassembly

Cleaning

Do not apply cleaner directly to the computer, use a soft clean cloth.
Do not use volatile (petroleum distillates) or abrasive cleaners on any part of the computer.

Overview 2 - 3

Disassembly

2.Disassembly

Disassembly Steps

The following table lists the disassembly steps, and on
which page to find the related information. PLEASE

PERFORM THE DISASSEMBLY STEPS IN THE
ORDER INDICATED.

To remove the Battery:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

To remove the Hard Disk Drive:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

2. Remove the hard disk drive assembly page 2 - 6

To remove the CD Device:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

2. Remove the CD device page 2 - 7

To remove the Keyboard:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

2. Remove the keyboard page 2 - 8

To remove the Bottom Case:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

2. Remove the hard disk drive assembly page 2 - 6

3. Remove the CD device page 2 - 7

4. Remove the keyboard page 2 - 8

5. Remove the CPU page 2 - 10

6. Remove the bottom case page 2 - 12

To remove the System Memory:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

2. Remove the keyboard page 2 - 8

3. Remove the memory page 2 - 9

To remove the CPU:

1. Remove the battery page 2 - 5

2. Remove the CPU page 2 - 10

2 - 4 Disassembly Steps

Disassembly

Removing the Battery

1. Shut the computer down and turn it over.

2. Locate the battery release latch in Figure 2 - 1a.

3. Push the lock switch on the latch in the direction indicated by arrow in Figure 2 - 1b.

1 2

4. Slide the battery release latch towards the unlock symbol as indicated by arrow in Figure 2 - 1b.

5. The battery will pop-up and can be lifted out of the computer.

a. b.

1

3

2

3

1

Figure 2 - 1

Battery Removal

Sequence

a. Locate the release

latch.

b. Slide the battery re-

lease latch to the
unlock position.

c. The battery will pop-

up. Remove the bat­tery.

2.Disassembly

c.



4. Battery

4

Removing the Battery 2 - 5

Disassembly

Figure 2 - 2

Hard Disk

Removal

Sequence

a. Remove the HDD

cover screw.
b. Remove the cover.
c. Slide the HDD as-

sembly in the direc-

tion of the arrow.
d. Lift the HDD assem-

bly out of the com-

puter.
e. Remove the screws

and separate the

HDD from the case.

2.Disassembly

Removing the Hard Disk Drive Assembly

1. Turn the computer OFF and remove the battery (see page 2 - 5).

2. Remove screw (Figure 2 - 2a).

1

3. Slide the HDD assembly in the direction of the arrow (Figure 2 - 2c), then lift it up out of the computer.

4. Remove screws - (Figure 2 - 2e) from the assembly, and separate the hard disk from the case.

a. b.

1

d.

2 5

c.

1

2

e.

3

5

6



6. HDD case

7. HDD

•5 Screws

2 - 6 Removing the Hard Disk Drive Assembly

4

7

Disassembly

Removing the CD Device

1. Turn OFF the computer and remove the battery (see page 2 - 5).

2. Remove screw (Figure 2 - 3a)

3. Apply gentle but firm pressure at point (Figure 2 - 3b), and slide the device out of the computer.

a.

1

2

b.

2

1

c.

Figure 2 - 3

CD Device

Removal

Sequence

a. Remove the screw

from the CD Device.

b. Apply pressure to

the latch.

c. Slide the device out

of the computer.

2.Disassembly

3



3. CD device

•1 Screw

Removing the CD Device 2 - 7

Disassembly

Figure 2 - 4

Keyboard

Removal

Sequence

a. Press the three

latches to release

the keyboard.
b. Lift the keyboard out

and disconnect the

cable from the lock-

ing collar.

5

Re-Inserting the Key-

board

When re-inserting the
keyboard firstly align

2.Disassembly

the three keyboard
tabs (Figure 2 - 4c) at
the bottom of the key­board with the slots in
the case.

Removing the Keyboard

1. Turn OFF the computer and remove the battery (see page 2 - 5).

2. Press the three keyboard latches at the top of the keyboard to elevate the keyboard from its normal position as in
Figure 2 - 4a (you may need to use a small screwdriver to do this).

3. Carefully lift the keyboard up and out, being careful not to bend the keyboard ribbon cable (Figure 2 - 4b).

4

4. Disconnect the keyboard ribbon cable from the locking collar socket..

a.

1 2 3

c.

b.

4



5. Keyboard

2 - 8 Removing the Keyboard

5

Keyboard Tabs

Disassembly

Removing the System Memory

1. Remove the battery (see page 2 - 5) and keyboard (see page 2 - 8).

2. Remove screws - (Figure 2 - 5a) from the shielding plate , and lift the plate up off the computer.

3. Locate the memory sockets and (Figure 2 - 5c), and gently pull latches and (Figure 2 - 5c) on the
memory socket toward the sides of the computer as indicated in Figure 2 - 5c.

4. The module (Figure 2 - 5d) will pop-up, and you can remove it.

5. Insert a new module holding it at about a 30° angle and fit the connectors firmly into the memory slot.

a.

2

c. d.

12

2 9 1

10 11 12 13

14

4

5

6

3

1

9

8

7

1312

10

11

13

b.

14

Figure 2 - 5

Memory Removal

Sequence

a. Remove the screws

from the shielding
plate.

b. Remove the shield-

ing plate.

c. Pull the latch(es) on

the memory sockets
to release the mod­ule(s).

d. When the module

pops up, lift it out.



1.Shielding plate

14.Memory module(s)

•8 Screws



Contact Warning

Be careful not to touch
the metal pins on the
module’s connecting
edge. Even the clean­est hands have oils
which can attract parti­cles, and degrade the
module’s perform­ance.

2.Disassembly

Removing the System Memory 2 - 9