Cisco Systems OL-14361-01 User Manual

CHAP T E R

Configuring Additional Router Features

This chapter contains instructions and information for entering basic configurations using the command-line interface (CLI).

• Configuring the Domain Name and Domain Name Server, page 5-103

• Configuring Telnet, HTTP, and XML Host Services, page 5-106

• Managing Configuration History and Rollback, page 5-108

• Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation, page 5-114

• Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups, page 5-117

• Configuring Software Entitlement, page 5-121

• Configuration Limiting, page 5-121

Configuring the Domain Name and Domain Name Server

Configure a domain name and domain name server (DNS) for your router to make contacting other devices on your network more efficient. Use the following guidelines:

• To define a default domain name that the Cisco IOS XR software uses to complete unqualified

hostnames (names without a dotted-decimal domain name), use the domain-name command in global configuration mode.

• To specify the address of one or more name servers to use for name and address resolution, use the

domain name-server command in global configuration mode. If no name server address is specified, the default name server is 255.255.255.255 so the DNS lookup can be broadcast to the local network segment. If a DNS server is in the local network, it replies. If not, there might be a server that knows how to forward the DNS request to the correct DNS server.

• Use the show hosts command in EXEC mode to display the default domain name, the style of name

lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses.

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Configuring the Domain Name and Domain Name Server

To configure the DNS and DNS server, complete the following steps:

SUMMARY STEPS

1. configure

2. domain name domain-name-of-organization

3. domain name-server ipv4-address

4. commit

end

5. show hosts

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

configure

Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 2

Step 3

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure

domain name domain-name-of-organization

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# domain name cisco.com

domain name-server ipv4-address

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# domain name-server 192.168.1.111

Defines a default domain name used to complete unqualified hostnames.

Specifies the address of a name server to use for name and address resolution (hosts that supply name information).

Note You can enter up to six addresses, but only one for

each command.

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Command or Action Purpose

Step 4

end

commit

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# end or RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit

Step 5

show hosts

Configuring the Domain Name and Domain Name Server

Saves configuration changes.

• When you issue the end command, the system prompts

you to commit changes:

Uncommitted changes found, commit them before exiting(yes/no/cancel)? [cancel]:

–

Entering yes saves configuration changes to the running configuration file, exits the configuration session, and returns the router to EXEC mode.

–

Entering no exits the configuration session and returns the router to EXEC mode without committing the configuration changes.

–

Entering cancel leaves the router in the current configuration session without exiting or committing the configuration changes.

• Use the commit command to save the configuration

changes to the running configuration file and remain within the configuration session.

Displays all configured name servers.

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# show hosts

Examples

In the following example, the domain name and DNS are configured:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# domain name cisco.com RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# domain name-server 10.1.1.1 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# end RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show hosts

Default domain is cisco.com Name/address lookup uses domain service Name servers: 10.1.1.1

Configuring Telnet, HTTP, and XML Host Services

For security, some host services are disabled by default. Host services, such as Telnet, Extensible Markup Language (XML), and HTTP, can be optionally enabled using the commands described in this section. Host services provide the following features:

• Enabling the Telnet server allows users to log in to the router using IPv4 or IPv6 Telnet clients.

• Enabling the HTTP server allows users to log in to the router using the CWI.

• Enabling the XML agent enables XML Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)

agent services so that you can manage and configure the router using an XML interface.

Prerequisites

The following prerequisites must be met before configuring the Telnet, HTTP, and XML host services:

• For the XML and HTTP host services, the Manageability package must be installed and activated

on the router.

• To enable the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) of the HTTP and XML services, the Security package must

be installed and activated on the router.

Note This process enables the Telnet, HTTP and XML host services on the Management Ethernet interfaces.

SUMMARY STEPS

See Cisco IOS XR System Management Configuration Guide for information on installing and activating packages.

For more information on how to enable these services on other inband interfaces, refer to the

Implementing Management Plane Protection on Cisco IOS XR Software module in Cisco IOS XR System Security Configuration Guide.

1. configure

2. telnet {ipv4 | ipv6} server max-servers limit

3. http server

4. xml agent corba

5. commit

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DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

configure

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure

Step 2

telnet ipv4 server max-servers limit

telnet ipv6 server max-servers limit

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# telnet ipv4 server max-servers 5

Step 3

http server

Configuring Telnet, HTTP, and XML Host Services

Enters global configuration mode.

Enables Telnet services on the router and specifies the maximum number of allowable Telnet servers.

Enables HTTP server on the router.

Step 4

Step 5

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# http server

xml agent corba

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# xml agent corba

end

commit

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# end or RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit

Enables XML CORBA agent services on the router.

Saves configuration changes.

• When you issue the end command, the system prompts

you to commit changes:

Uncommitted changes found, commit them before exiting(yes/no/cancel)? [cancel]:

–

Entering yes saves configuration changes to the running configuration file, exits the configuration session, and returns the router to EXEC mode.

–

Entering no exits the configuration session and returns the router to EXEC mode without committing the configuration changes.

–

Entering cancel leaves the router in the current configuration session without exiting or committing the configuration changes.

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• Use the commit command to save the configuration

changes to the running configuration file and remain within the configuration session.

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Managing Configuration History and Rollback

Examples

In the following example, the host services are enabled:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# telnet ipv6 server max-servers 5 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# http server RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# xml agent corba RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit

Displaying the CommitIDs

To display a history of up to 100 of the most recent commitIDs, enter the show configuration commit list command in EXEC or administration EXEC mode. Up to 100 of the most recent commitIDs are

saved by the system. Each commitID entry shows the user who committed configuration changes, the connection used to execute the commit, and commitID time stamp.

The commitIDs are shown in the “Label/ID” column. The following example shows the show configuration commit list command display in EXEC and administration EXEC modes:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show configuration commit list

SNo. Label/ID User Line Client Time Stamp ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ 1 1000000219 cisco vty0 CLI 12:27:50 UTC Wed Mar 22 2006 2 1000000218 cisco vty1 CLI 11:43:31 UTC Mon Mar 20 2006 3 1000000217 cisco con0_RP0_C CLI 17:44:29 UTC Wed Mar 15 2006

Managing Configuration History and Rollback

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# admin RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(admin)# show configuration commit list

SNo. Label/ID User Line Client Time Stamp ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ 1 2000000022 cisco vty1 CLI 15:03:59 UTC Fri Mar 17 2006 2 2000000021 cisco con0_RP0_C CLI 17:42:55 UTC Wed Mar 15 2006 3 2000000020 SYSTEM con0_RP0_C Setup Dial 17:07:39 UTC Wed Mar 15 2006

Displaying the Configuration Changes Recorded in a CommitID

To display the configuration changes made during a specific commit session (commitID), go to EXEC or administration EXEC mode and enter the show configuration commit changes command followed by a commitID number. The easiest way to determine the commitID is to enter the show configuration commit changes ? command first. In the following example, the command help is used to display the available commitIDs, and then the changes for a specific commitID are displayed:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(admin)# show configuration commit changes ?

last Changes made in the most recent <n> commits since Changes made since (and including) a specific commit 2000000020 Commit ID 2000000021 Commit ID 2000000022 Commit ID

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(admin)# show configuration commit changes 2000000020

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Building configuration... username cisco secret 5 $1$MgUH$xzUEW6jLfyAYLKJE.3p440 group root-system ! end

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Managing Configuration History and Rollback

Previewing Rollback Configuration Changes

The show configuration rollback changes command allows you to preview the configuration changes that take place if you roll back the configuration to a specific commitID. For example, if you want to roll back the configuration to a specific point, all configuration changes made after that point must be undone. This rollback process is often accomplished by executing the “no” version of commands that must be undone.

To display the prospective rollback configuration changes from the current configuration to a specific commitID, go to EXEC or administration EXEC mode and enter the show configuration rollback changes to commitId command. In the following example, the command help displays the available commitIDs, and then the rollback changes are displayed.

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show configuration rollback changes to ?

1000000217 Commit ID 1000000218 Commit ID 1000000219 Commit ID

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show configuration rollback changes to 1000000218

Building configuration... no interface Loopback100 interface POS0/1/0/0 no ipv6 nd dad attempts ! ! no route-policy xx end

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To display the prospective rollback configuration changes from the current configuration to a specified number of previous sessions, go to EXEC or administration EXEC mode and enter the show configuration rollback changes last commit-range command:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show configuration rollback changes last 2

Building configuration... interface Loopback3 no description no ipv4 address 10.0.1.1 255.0.0.0 exit interface Loopback4 no description no ipv4 address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 end

In the preceding example, the command display shows the proposed rollback configuration changes for the last two commit IDs.

Rolling Back the Configuration to a Specific Rollback Point

When you roll back the configuration to a specific rollback point, you undo all configuration changes made during the session identified by the commit ID for that rollback point, and you undo all configuration changes made after that point. The rollback process rolls back the configuration and commits the rolled-back configuration. The rollback process also creates a new rollback point so that you can roll back the configuration to the previous configuration.

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Managing Configuration History and Rollback

Tip To preview the commands that undo the configuration during a rollback, use the show configuration

rollback changes command.

To roll back the router configuration to a previously committed configuration, go to EXEC or administration EXEC mode and enter the rollback configuration to commitId command:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# rollback configuration to 1000000220 Loading Rollback Changes. Loaded Rollback Changes in 1 sec Committing. 2 items committed in 1 sec (1)items/sec Updating. Updated Commit database in 1 sec Configuration successfully rolled back to '1000000220'.

Rolling Back the Configuration over a Specified Number of Commits

When you roll back the configuration over a specific number of commits, you do not have to enter a specific commit ID. Instead, you specify a number x, and the software undoes all configuration changes made in the last x committed configuration sessions. The rollback process rolls back the configuration, commits the rolled-back configuration, and creates a new commitID for the previous configuration.

Tip To preview the commands that undo the configuration during a rollback, use the show configuration

rollback changes command.

To roll back to the last x commits made, go to EXEC or administration EXEC mode and enter the rollback configuration last x command; x is a number ranging from 1 to the number of saved commits in the commit database.

In the following example, a request is made to roll back the configuration changes made during the previous two commits:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# rollback configuration last 2

Loading Rollback Changes. Loaded Rollback Changes in 1 sec Committing. 1 items committed in 1 sec (0)items/sec Updating. Updated Commit database in 1 sec Configuration successfully rolled back 2 commits.

Loading CommitID Configuration Changes to the Target Configuration

If the changes saved for a specific commitID are close to what you want, but a rollback is not appropriate, you can load the configuration changes for a commitID into the target configuration, modify the target configuration, and then commit the new configuration. Unlike the rollback process, the loaded changes are not applied until you commit them.

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Managing Configuration History and Rollback

Note Unlike the rollback process, loading the commitID configuration changes loads only the changes made

during that commit operation. The load process does not load all changes made between the commitID and the current committed configuration.

To load commitID changes in the target configuration, go to global configuration or administration configuration mode and enter the load commit changes command with the commitID number. In the following example, show commands are used to display the changes for a commitID, the commitID configuration is loaded into the target configuration, and the target configuration is displayed:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show configuration commit changes ?

last Changes made in the most recent <n> commits since Changes made since (and including) a specific commit 1000000217 Commit ID 1000000218 Commit ID 1000000219 Commit ID 1000000220 Commit ID 1000000221 Commit ID

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show configuration commit changes 1000000219 Building configuration... interface Loopback100 ! interface POS0/1/0/0 ipv6 nd dad attempts 50 ! end

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RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# config

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# load commit changes 1000000219 Building configuration... Loading. 77 bytes parsed in 1 sec (76)bytes/sec

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# show configuration

Building configuration... interface Loopback100 ! interface POS0/1/0/0 ipv6 nd dad attempts 50 ! end

Loading Rollback Configuration Changes to the Target Configuration

If the changes for a specific rollback point are close to what you want, but a rollback is not appropriate, you can load the rollback configuration changes into the target configuration, modify the target configuration, and then commit the new configuration. Unlike the rollback process, the loaded changes are not applied until you commit them.

Tip To display the rollback changes, enter the show configuration rollback changes command.

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To load rollback configuration changes from the current configuration to a specific session, go to global configuration or administration configuration mode and enter the load rollback changes to commitId command:

RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# load rollback changes to 1000000068

Building configuration... Loading. 233 bytes parsed in 1 sec (231)bytes/sec

To load rollback configuration changes from the current configuration to a specified number of previous sessions, go to global configuration or administration configuration mode and enter the load rollback changes last commit-range command:

RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# load rollback changes last 6

Building configuration... Loading. 221 bytes parsed in 1 sec (220)bytes/sec

In the preceding example, the command loads the rollback configuration changes for the last six commitIDs.

To load the rollback configuration for a specific commitID, go to global configuration or administration configuration mode and enter the load rollback changes commitId command:

RP/0/0/CPU0:router(config)# load rollback changes 1000000060

Managing Configuration History and Rollback

Building configuration... Loading. 199 bytes parsed in 1 sec (198)bytes/sec

Deleting CommitIDs

You can delete the oldest configuration commitIDs by entering the clear configuration commit command in EXEC or administration EXEC mode. The clear configuration commit command must be followed by either the amount of disk space you want to reclaim or number of commitIDs you want to delete. To reclaim disk space from the oldest commitIDs, enter the clear configuration commit command followed by the keyword diskspace and number of kilobytes to reclaim:

RP/0/0/CPU0:router# clear configuration commit diskspace 50

Deleting 4 rollback points '1000000001' to '1000000004' 64 KB of disk space will be freed. Continue with deletion?[confirm]

To delete a specific number of the oldest commitIDs, enter the clear configuration commit command followed by the keyword oldest and number of commitIDs to delete:

RP/0/0/CPU0:router# clear configuration commit oldest 5

Deleting 5 rollback points '1000000005' to '1000000009' 80 KB of disk space will be freed. Continue with deletion?[confirm]

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Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation

System messages generated by the Cisco IOS XR software can be logged to a variety of locations based on the severity level of the messages. For example, you could direct information messages to the system console and also log debugging messages to a network server.

In addition, you can define correlation rules that group and summarize related events, generate complex queries for the list of logged events, and retrieve logging events through an XML interface.

The following sections describe logging and the basic commands used to log messages in Cisco IOS XR software:

• Logging Locations and Severity Levels, page 5-114

• Alarm Logging Correlation, page 5-115

• Configuring Basic Message Logging, page 5-115

Logging Locations and Severity Levels

Error messages can be logged to a variety of locations, as shown in Tab l e 5-1 .

Table 5-1 Logging Locations for System Error Messages

Logging Destination Command (Global Configuration Mode)

console logging console

vty terminal logging monitor

external syslog server logging trap

internal buffer logging buffered

You can log messages based on the severity level of the messages, as shown in Tab l e 5- 2 .

Table 5-2 Logging Severity Levels for System Error Messages

Level Description

Level 0—Emergencies System has become unusable.

Level 1—Alerts Immediate action needed to restore system stability.

Level 2—Critical Critical conditions that may require attention.

Level 3—Errors Error conditions that may help track problems.

Level 4—Warnings Warning conditions that are not severe.

Level 5—Notifications Normal but significant conditions that bear notification.

Level 6—Informational Informational messages that do not require action.

Level 7—Debugging Debugging messages are for system troubleshooting only.

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Alarm Logging Correlation

Alarm logging correlation is used to group and filter similar messages to reduce the amount of redundant logs and isolate the root causes of the messages.

For example, the original message describing a card online insertion and removal (OIR) and system state being up or down can be reported, and all subsequent messages reiterating the same event can be correlated. When you create correlation rules, a common root event that is generating larger volumes of follow-on error messages can be isolated and sent to the correlation buffer. An operator can extract all correlated messages for display later, should the need arise. See Cisco IOS XR System Management Configuration Guide for more information.

Configuring Basic Message Logging

Numerous options for logging system messages in Cisco IOS XR software are available. This section provides a basic example.

To configure basic message logging, complete the following steps:

Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation

SUMMARY STEPS

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

Step 2

configure

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure

logging {ip-address | hostname}

1. configure

2. logging {ip-address | hostname}

3. logging trap severity

4. logging console [severity]

5. logging buffered [severity | buffer-size]

6. commit

7. end

8. show logging

Enters global configuration mode.

Specifies a syslog server host to use for system logging.

Step 3

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Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging 10.1.1.1

logging trap severity

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging trap debugging

Limits the logging of messages sent to syslog servers to only those messages at the specified level.

• See Tab l e 5- 2 for a summary of the logging severity

levels.

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Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation

Command or Action Purpose

Step 4

logging console [severity]

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging console emergencies

Step 5

logging buffered [severity | buffer-size]

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging buffered 1000000

Step 6

commit

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Logs messages on the console.

• When a severity level is specified, only messages at

that severity level are logged on the console.

• See Tab l e 5- 2 for a summary of the logging severity

levels.

Copies logging messages to an internal buffer.

• Newer messages overwrite older messages after the

buffer is filled.

• Specifying a severity level causes messages at that

level and numerically lower levels to be logged in an internal buffer. See Tabl e 5- 2 for a summary of the logging severity levels.

• The buffer size is from 4096 to 4,294,967,295 bytes.

Messages above the set limit are logged to the console.

Commits the target configuration to the router running configuration.

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit

Step 7

end

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# end

Step 8

show logging

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show logging

Examples

Ends the configuration session and returns to EXEC mode.

Displays the messages that are logged in the buffer.

In the following example, basic message logging is configured:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging 10.1.1.1 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging trap debugging RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging console emergencies RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# logging buffered 1000000 RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# commit RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# end RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# show logging

Syslog logging: enabled (162 messages dropped, 0 flushes, 0 overruns) Console logging: level emergencies, 593 messages logged Monitor logging: level debugging, 0 messages logged Trap logging: level debugging, 2 messages logged Logging to 10.1.1.1, 2 message lines logged Buffer logging: level debugging, 722 messages logged

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Log Buffer (1000000 bytes):

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Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:18:58.679 : instdir[203]: %INSTALL-INSTMGR-6-INSTALL_OP RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:19:01.287 : instdir[203]: %INSTALL-INSTMGR-6-INSTALL_OP RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:15.658 : instdir[203]: %INSTALL-INSTMGR-6-INSTALL_OP LC/0/1/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:30.122 : sysmgr[74]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_NOTIFICATION LC/0/6/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:30.160 : sysmgr[74]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_NOTIFICATION RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:30.745 : sysmgr[79]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_NOTIFICATI RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:32.596 : sysmgr[79]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_NOTIFICATI LC/0/1/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:35.181 : sysmgr[74]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_FINISHED : s LC/0/6/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:35.223 : sysmgr[74]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_FINISHED : s RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:36.122 : sysmgr[79]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_FINISHED : RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:37.790 : sysmgr[79]: %OS-SYSMGR-7-INSTALL_FINISHED : RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:41.015 : schema_server[332]: %MGBL-SCHEMA-6-VERSIONC RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:59.844 : instdir[203]: %INSTALL-INSTMGR-4-ACTIVE_SOF RP/0/RP0/CPU0:Apr 8 19:22:59.851 : instdir[203]: %INSTALL-INSTMGR-6-INSTALL_OP

--More--

Disabling Console Logging

To disable console logging, enter the logging console disable command in global configuration mode.

Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups

In the Cisco IOS XR software, users are assigned individual usernames and passwords. Each username is assigned to one or more user groups, each of which defines display and configuration commands the user is authorized to execute. This authorization is enabled by default in the Cisco IOS XR software, and each user must log in to the system using a unique username and password.

The following sections describe the basic commands used to configure users and user groups. For a summary of user accounts, user groups, and task IDs, see the “User Groups, Task Groups, and Task IDs”

section on page 4-69.

• Displaying Details About User Accounts, User Groups, and Task IDs, page 5-118

• Configuring User Accounts, page 5-119

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Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups

Note The management of user accounts, user groups, and task IDs is part of the “AAA” feature in the

Cisco IOS XR software. AAA stands for “authentication, authorization, and accounting,” a suite of security features included in the Cisco IOS XR software. For more information on the AAA concepts and configuration tasks, see Cisco IOS XR System Security Configuration Guide and Cisco IOS XR

System Security Command Reference. For instructions to activate software packages, see Cisco IOS XR System Management Configuration Guide.

Displaying Details About User Accounts, User Groups, and Task IDs

Table 5 -3 summarizes the EXEC mode commands used to display details about user accounts, user

groups, and task IDs.

Table 5-3 Commands to Display Details About Users and User Groups

Command Description

show aaa userdb username Displays the task IDs and privileges assigned to a specific

username. To display all users on the system, enter the command without a username.

show aaa usergroup usergroup-name Displays the task IDs and privileges that belong to a user

group. To display all groups on the system, enter the command without a group name.

show task supported Displays all task IDs for the system. Only the root-system

users, root-lr users, or users associated with the WRITE:AAA task ID can configure task groups.

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Configuring User Accounts

User accounts, user groups, and task groups are created by entering the appropriate commands in one of the “AAA” configuration submodes, as shown in Figure 5-1.

This section describes the process to configure usernames. For instructions to configure user groups, task groups, and other AAA security features, see the Cisco IOS XR System Security Configuration Guide.

Figure 5-1 AAA Configuration Submodes

User login

EXEC mode

Global configuration mode

Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups

(commands)

username username

usergroup usergroup-name

taskgroup taskgroup-name

Creating Users and Assigning Groups

To create a user, assign a password, and assign the user to a group, perform the following procedure:

SUMMARY STEPS

1. configure

2. username user-name

3. password {0 | 7} password

or secret {0

4. group group-name

5. Repeat Step 4 for each user group to be associated with the user specified in Step 2.

| 5} password

AAA configuration submodes

Username configuration submode

User group configuration submode

Task group configuration submode

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Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1

configure

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router# configure

Step 2

username user-name

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Enters global configuration mode.

Creates a name for a new user (or identifies a current user) and enters username configuration submode.

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config)# username user1

password {0 | 7} password

secret {0 | 5} password

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-un)# password 0 pwd1

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-un)# secret 5 pwd1

group group-name

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-un)# group sysadmin

Repeat Step 4 for each user group to be associated with the user specified in Step 2.

commit

• The user-name argument can be only one word. Spaces

and quotation marks are not allowed.

Specifies a password for the user named in Step 2.

• Use the secret command to create a secure login

password for the user names specified in Step 2.

• Entering 0 following the password command specifies

that an unencrypted (clear-text) password follows. Entering 7 following the password command specifies that an encrypted password follows.

• Entering 0 following the secret command specifies that

a secure unencrypted (clear-text) password follows. Entering 5 following the secret command specifies that a secure encrypted password follows.

• Type 0 is the default for the password and secret

commands.

Assigns the user named in Step 2 to a user group.

• The user takes on all attributes of the user group, as

defined by the user group association to various task groups.

• Each user must be assigned to at least one user group.

A user may belong to multiple user groups.

—

Saves configuration changes and activates them as part of the running configuration.

Example:

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:router(config-un)# commit

Configuring Software Entitlement

Beginning in Cisco IOS XR Software Release 3.5.0, certain software and hardware features are enabled using software entitlement. Software entitlement is a system that consists of a license manager on a Cisco IOS XR device that manages licenses for various software and hardware features. The license manager parses and authenticates a license before accepting it. The software features on the router use the license manager APIs to check out and release licenses. Licenses are stored in persistent storage on the router.

All core routing features are available for use without any license. In Cisco IOS XR Software Release 3.6.0, the following features must be enabled with licenses:

• Layer 3 VPN

• Modular services card bandwidth

• Cisco XR 12000 SIP-401 bandwidth

• Cisco XR 12000 SIP-501 bandwidth

• Cisco XR 12000 XIP-601 bandwidth

Refer to the Software Entitlement on Cisco IOS XR Software module in Cisco IOS XR System Management Configuration Guide for more information on configuring software licenses.

Configuring Software Entitlement

Configuration Limiting

The Cisco IOS XR software places preset limits on the configurations you can apply to the running configuration of a router. These limits ensure that the router has sufficient system resources (such as RAM) for normal operations. Under most conditions, these preset limits are sufficient.

In some cases, for which a large number of configurations is required for a particular feature, it may be necessary to override the preset configuration limits. This override can be done only if configurations for another feature are low or unused. For example, if a router requires a large number of BGP configurations and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is not being used at all, then the BGP limits can be increased to use the unused memory assigned to MPLS.

Caution Overriding the default configuration limits can result in a low-memory condition.

The following sections describe the limits you can configure, default and maximum values, and commands for configuring and displaying the configuration limits:

• Static Route Configuration Limits, page 5-122

• IS-IS Configuration Limits, page 5-122

• OSPFv2 and v3 Configuration Limits, page 5-123

• BGP Configuration Limits, page 5-125

• Routing Policy Language Line and Policy Limits, page 5-127

• Multicast Configuration Limits, page 5-129

• MPLS Configuration Limits, page 5-130

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Configuration Limiting

Static Route Configuration Limits

Table 5 -4 summarizes the maximum limits for static routes, including the commands used to display and

change the limits.

Table 5-4 Static Route Configuration Limits and Commands

Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

Feature Limit Description

Default Maximum Limit

Absolute Maximum Limit

Configuration Command (Static Router Configuration Mode)

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC or Global Configuration Mode)

Maximum static IPv4 routes 4000 40,000 maximum path ipv4 n show running-config router static

Maximum static IPv6 routes 4000 40,000 maximum path ipv6 n show running-config router static

Examples

In the following example, the maximum number of static IPv4 routes is changed to 5000 and the new configuration is displayed.

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# router static RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-static)# maximum path ipv4 5000 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-static)# commit RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-static)# show running-config router static

router static maximum path ipv4 5000 address-family ipv4 unicast

0.0.0.0/0 172.29.52.1 ! !

IS-IS Configuration Limits

Table 5 -5 summarizes the maximum limits for IS-IS, including the commands used to display and

change the limits.

Table 5-5 IS-IS Configuration Limits and Commands

Feature Limit Description

Maximum number of prefixes

Default Maximum Limit

10,000 28,000 maximum-redistributed-prefixes n show isis adjacency

Absolute Maximum Limit

redistributed into IS-IS

Number of active parallel paths

832maximum-paths n show isis route

for each route on a Cisco CRS-1 router

Number of active parallel paths

816maximum-paths n show isis route

for each route on a Cisco XR 12000 Series Router

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Configuration Command (Address Family Configuration Mode)

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC Mode)

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Examples

In the following example, the maximum number of active parallel paths for each route is increased to 10, and the maximum number of prefixes redistributed into IS-IS is increased to 12,000:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# router isis 100 address-family ipv4 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-isis-af)# maximum-paths 10 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-isis-af)# maximum-redistributed-prefixes 12000 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-isis-af)# commit RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 14:11:07 : config[65739]: %LIBTARCFG-6-COMMIT : Configuration committed by user 'cisco'. Use 'show configuration commit changes 1000000535' to view the changes. RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-isis-af)#

OSPFv2 and v3 Configuration Limits

Table 5 -6 summarizes the maximum limits for OSPF, including the commands used to display and

change the limits.

Table 5-6 OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 Configuration Limits and Commands

Configuration Limiting

Feature Limit Description

Maximum number of interfaces that can be configured for an OSPF instance

Maximum routes redistributed into OSPF

Maximum number of parallel routes (maximum paths) on Cisco CRS-1 routers

Maximum number of parallel routes (maximum paths) on a Cisco XR 12000 Series Router

Default Maximum Limit

Absolute Maximum Limit

Configuration Command (Router Configuration Mode)

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC Mode)

255 1024 maximum interfaces n show ospf

10,000 4294967295 maximum redistributed-prefixes nshow ospf

Note The maximum number of

redistributed prefixes is displayed only if redistribution is configured.

32 (OSPFv2)

16 (OSPFv3)

32 maximum paths n show running-config router ospf

Note This command shows only

changes to the default value. If the maximum paths command does not appear, the router is set to the default value.

16 16 maximum paths n show running-config router ospf

Note This command shows only

changes to the default value. If the maximum paths command does not appear, the router is set to the default value.

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Configuration Limiting

Examples

The following examples illustrate OSPF configuration limits:

• Maximum Interfaces for Each OSPF Instance: Example, page 5-124

• Maximum Routes Redistributed into OSPF: Example, page 5-125

• Number of Parallel Links (max-paths): Example, page 5-125

Maximum Interfaces for Each OSPF Instance: Example

In the following example, the show ospf command is used to display the maximum number of OSPF interfaces:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show ospf

Routing Process "ospf 100" with ID 0.0.0.0 Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes Supports opaque LSA It is an area border router Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs Initial LSA throttle delay 500 msecs Minimum hold time for LSA throttle 5000 msecs Maximum wait time for LSA throttle 5000 msecs Minimum LSA interval 5 secs. Minimum LSA arrival 1 secs Maximum number of configured interfaces 255

--More--

Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

The following example configures the maximum interface limit on a router:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# router ospf 100 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-router)# maximum interfaces 600 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-router)# end Uncommitted changes found, commit them? [yes]: y

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 16:12:39 : config[65740]: %LIBTARCFG-6-COMMIT : Configuration committed by user 'cisco'. Use 'show configuration commit changes 1000000540' to view the changes. RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 16:12:39 : config[65740]: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I : Configured from console by cisco

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show ospf

--More--

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Maximum Routes Redistributed into OSPF: Example

In the following example, the maximum redistributed-prefixes command is used to set the maximum routes redistributed into OSPF:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# router ospf 100 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-router)# maximum redistributed-prefixes 12000 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-router)# end Uncommitted changes found, commit them? [yes]: y

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 16:26:52 : config[65740]: %LIBTARCFG-6-COMMIT : Configuration committed by user 'cisco'. Use 'show configuration commit changes 1000000541' to view the changes. RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 16:26:52 : config[65740]: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I : Configured from console by cisco RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router#

Number of Parallel Links (max-paths): Example

In the following example, the maximum paths command is used to set the maximum number of parallel routes:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# router ospf 100 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-router)# maximum paths 10 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-router)# end Uncommitted changes found, commit them? [yes]: y

Configuration Limiting

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 18:05:13 : config[65740]: %LIBTARCFG-6-COMMIT : Configuration committed by user 'cisco'. Use 'show configuration commit changes 1000000542' to view the changes. RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 18:05:13 : config[65740]: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I : Configured from console by cisco RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router#

BGP Configuration Limits

The maximum number of BGP neighbors (peers) that can be configured is 1024. This number cannot be changed through configuration. Any attempt to configure additional neighbors beyond the limit fails.

To prevent neighbors (peers) from flooding BGP with advertisements, a limit is placed on the number of prefixes that can be accepted from a peer for each supported address family.

You can override the default limits for an address family with the maximum-prefix command. Tab l e 5- 7 summarizes the maximum configuration limits for BGP.

Table 5-7 BGP Configuration Limits and Commands

Feature Limit Description

Maximum number of neighbors (peers)

IPv4 unicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

Default Maximum Limit

4000 15000 bgp maximum neighbor

524,288 4,294,967,

Absolute Maximum Limit

295

Show Current Settings Configuration Command (Router Configuration Mode)

Command

(EXEC Mode)

None

limit

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

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Table 5-7 BGP Configuration Limits and Commands (continued)

Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

Feature Limit Description

IPv4 multicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

IPv6 unicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

IPv6 multicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

IPv6 labeled unicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

VPNv4 unicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

VPNv6 unicast maximum prefixes that can be received from a neighbor

Maximum equal-cost parallel routes to external peers

Default Maximum Limit

131,072 4,294,967,

Absolute Maximum Limit

Show Current Settings Configuration Command (Router Configuration Mode)

Command

(EXEC Mode)

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

295

131,072 4,294,967,

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

295

131,072 4,294,967,

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

295

131,072 4,294,967,

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

295

524,288 4,294,967,

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

295

524,288 4,294,967,

maximum-prefix n show bgp neighbor IP_address

295

18 maximum-paths n show running-config

Note This command shows

only changes to the default value. If the maximum paths command does not appear, the router is set to the default value.

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Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

A cease-notification message is sent to the neighbor and the peering with the neighbor is terminated when the number of prefixes received from the peer for a given address family exceeds the maximum limit (either set by default or configured by the user) for that address family.

However, if the warning-only keyword (for the maximum-prefix command) is configured, the Cisco IOS XR software sends only a log message, but continues peering with the sender. If the peer is terminated, the peer stays down until the clear bgp command is issued.

The same set of actions (sending cease notification followed by the termination of the peering) is taken for a neighbor with which peering has already been established if you decide to configure a maximum that is less than the number of prefixes that have already been received from the neighbor.

Examples

The following example shows how to set the BGP configuration limits:

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# router bgp 100 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp)# neighbor 10.1.1.1 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr)# remote-as 1 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr)# address-family ipv4 unicast RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr-af)# maximum-paths 4 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr-af)# maximum-prefix 100000 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr-af)# commit

Configuration Limiting

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 19:13:16 : config[65740]: %LIBTARCFG-6-COMMIT : Configuration committed by user 'cisco'. Use 'show configuration commit changes 1000000544' to view the changes. RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Mar 30 19:13:17 : config[65740]: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I : Configured from console by cisco RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config-bgp-nbr-af)#

Routing Policy Language Line and Policy Limits

Two limits for Routing Policy Language (RPL) configurations exist:

1. Number of RPL lines: The number of configuration lines entered by the user, including the

beginning and ending statements (that is “route-policy”). The number of configuration lines for sets is also included.

2. Number of RPL policies: The number of policies that can be configured on the router. Policies are

counted only once: Multiple use of the same policy counts as a single policy toward the limit 1.

The limits for RPL lines and policies are summarized in Table 5 -8. You can change the default values up to the absolute maximum, but you cannot change the value to a number less than the number of items that are currently configured.

Table 5-8 Maximum Lines of RPL: Configuration Limits and Commands

Default Maximum

Limit Description

Limit

Maximum number of RPL lines 65,536 131,072 rpl maximum lines n show rpl maximum lines

Maximum number of RPL policies 3500 5000 rpl maximum policies n show rpl maximum

Absolute Maximum Limit

Configuration Command (Global Configuration Mode)

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC Mode)

policies

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Examples

Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

In the following example, the show rpl maximum command is used in EXEC mode to display the current setting for RPL limits and number of each limit currently in use. A summary of the memory used by all of the defined policies is also shown below the limit settings.

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show rpl maximum

Current Current Max Total Limit Limit

-----------------------------------------------------------Lines of configuration 0 65536 131072 Policies 0 3500 5000 Compiled policies size (kB) 0 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router#

In the next example, the rpl maximum command changes the currently configured line and policy limits. The show rpl maximum command displays the new settings.

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# configure RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# rpl maximum policies 4000 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# rpl maximum lines 80000 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# commit

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Apr 1 00:23:44.062 : config[65709]: %LIBTARCFG-6-COMMIT : Configuration committed by user 'UNKNOWN'. Use 'show configuration commit changes 1000000010' to view the changes. RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router(config)# exit

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:Apr 1 00:23:47.781 : config[65709]: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I : Configured from console by console

RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router# show rpl maximum

Current Current Max Total Limit Limit

-----------------------------------------------------------Lines of configuration 0 80000 131072 Policies 0 4000 5000 Compiled policies size (kB) 0 RP/0/RP1/CPU0:router#

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Multicast Configuration Limits

Table 5 -9 summarizes the maximum limits for multicast configuration, including the commands used to

display and change the limits.

Table 5-9 Multicast Configuration Limits and Commands

Configuration Limiting

Default Maximum

Feature Limit Description

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Limits

Maximum number of

Limit

50,000 75,000 maximum groups n

groups used by IGMP and accepted by a router

Maximum number of

25,000 40,000 maximum groups-per-interface n

groups for each interface accepted by a router

Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) Limits

Maximum MSDP Source

20,000 75,000 maximum external-sa n

Active (SA) entries

Maximum MSDP SA

20,000 75,000 maximum peer-external-sa n

entries that can be learned from MSDP

Absolute Maximum Limit Configuration Command

(router IGMP configuration mode)

(router IGMP interface configuration mode)

(router MSDP configuration mode)

peers

Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Limits

Maximum PIM routes supported

Maximum PIM egress states

100,000 200,000 maximum routes n

(router PIM configuration mode)

300,000 600,000 maximum route-interfaces n

(router PIM configuration mode)

Maximum PIM registers 20,000 75,000 maximum register-states n

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC Mode)

show igmp summary

show msdp summary

show pim summary

Maximum number of PIM group map ranges learned from Auto-RP

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(router PIM configuration mode)

500 5000 maximum group-mappings autorp n

(router PIM configuration mode)

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MPLS Configuration Limits

Table 5 -10 summarizes the maximum limits for MPLS configuration, including the commands used to

display and change the limits.

Table 5-10 MPLS Configuration Limits and Commands

Limit Description Default Absolute Maximum Limit

Maximum traffic engineer (TE) tunnels head

2500 65536 mpls traffic-eng

Other Configuration Limits

Table 5 -11 summarizes the maximum limits for additional configuration limits, including the commands

used to display and change the limits.

Chapter 5 Configuring Additional Router Features

Configuration Command (Global Configuration Mode)

maximum tunnels n

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC Mode)

show mpls traffic-eng maximum tunnels

Table 5-11 Additional Configuration Limits and Commands

Limit Description

IPv4 ACL

(access list and prefix list)

IPv4 ACE

(access list and prefix list)

IPv6 ACL

(access list and prefix list)

IPv6 ACE

(access list and prefix list)

Default Maximum Limit

5000 16000 ipv4 access-list maximum

200,000 350,000 ipv4 access-list maximum

1000 16000 ipv6 access-list maximum

50,000 350,000 ipv6 access-list maximum

Absolute Maximum Limit

Configuration Command (Global Configuration Mode)

acl threshold n

ace threshold n

acl threshold n

ace threshold n

Show Current Settings Command (EXEC Mode)

show access-lists ipv4 maximum

show access-lists ipv6 maximum

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Cisco Systems OL-14361-01 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Configuring the Domain Name and Domain Name Server

Examples

Related Documents

Configuring Telnet, HTTP, and XML Host Services

Prerequisites

Managing Configuration History and Rollback

Examples

Displaying the CommitIDs

Displaying the Configuration Changes Recorded in a CommitID

Previewing Rollback Configuration Changes

Rolling Back the Configuration to a Specific Rollback Point

Rolling Back the Configuration over a Specified Number of Commits

Loading CommitID Configuration Changes to the Target Configuration

Loading Rollback Configuration Changes to the Target Configuration

Deleting CommitIDs

Configuring Logging and Logging Correlation

Logging Locations and Severity Levels

Alarm Logging Correlation

Configuring Basic Message Logging

Examples

Creating and Modifying User Accounts and User Groups

Related Documents

Disabling Console Logging

Displaying Details About User Accounts, User Groups, and Task IDs

Configuring User Accounts

Creating Users and Assigning Groups

Related Documents

Configuring Software Entitlement

Configuration Limiting

Static Route Configuration Limits

Examples

IS-IS Configuration Limits

Examples

OSPFv2 and v3 Configuration Limits

Examples

BGP Configuration Limits

Examples

Routing Policy Language Line and Policy Limits

Examples

Multicast Configuration Limits

MPLS Configuration Limits

Other Configuration Limits