Cisco ATA186-I2, ATA188-I2-A, ATA 186, ATA 188 Administrator's Manual
Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188
Analog Telephone Adaptor
Administrator’s Guide for H.323
(version 3.0)
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Modifying the equipment without Cisco’s written authorization may result in the equipment no longer complying with FCC requirements for Class A or Class B digital
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peripheral devices. If the equipment causes interference to radio or television reception, try to correct the interference by using one or more of the following measures:
• Turn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.
• Move the equipment to one side or the other of the television or radio.
• Move the equipment farther away from the television or radio.
• Plug the equipment into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio. (That is, make certain the equipment and the television or radio are on circuits
controlled by different circuit breakers or fuses.)
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Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188 Analog Telephone Adaptor Administrator’s Guide for H.323 (version 3.0)
Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Preface xi
Overview xi
Audience xi
Organization xii
Conventions xii
Related Documentation xvi
Obtaining Documentation xvi
World Wide Web xvi
Documentation CD-ROM xvii
Ordering Documentation xvii
Documentation Feedback xvii
Obtaining Technical Assistance xvii
Cisco.com xviii
Technical Assistance Center xviii
Cisco TAC Web Site xviii
Cisco TAC Escalation Center xix
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview 1-1
H.323 Overview 1-2
H.323 Terminals 1-3
H.323 Gateways 1-3
H.323 Gatekeepers 1-4
H.323 MCUs 1-4
H.323 Proxy Server 1-4
Hardware Overview 1-5
Software Features 1-7
Voice Codecs Supported 1-7
Additional Supported Signaling Protocols 1-7
Other Supported Protocols 1-7
Cisco ATA H.323 Services 1-8
Fax Services 1-9
Supplementary Services 1-9
Installation and Configuration Overview 1-9
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CHAPTER
CHAPTER
2 Installing the Cisco ATA 2-1
Safety Recommendations 2-1
What the Cisco ATA Package Includes 2-2
What You Need 2-2
Installation Procedure 2-3
Power-Down Procedure 2-5
3 Configuring the Cisco ATA for H.323 3-1
Default Boot Load Behavior 3-2
Specifying a Preconfigured VLAN ID or Disabling VLAN IP Encapsulation 3-3
Steps Needed to Configure the Cisco ATA 3-5
Basic Configuration Steps in a TFTP Server Environment 3-5
Basic Configuration Steps in a Non-TFTP Server Environment 3-7
Configuring the Cisco ATA Using a TFTP Server 3-8
Setting Up the TFTP Server with Cisco ATA Software 3-8
Configurable Features and Related Parameters 3-8
Creating Unique and Common Cisco ATA Configuration Files 3-9
Using atapname.exe Tool to Obtain MAC Address 3-11
Using Encryption With the cfgfmt Tool 3-12
Examples of Upgrading to Stronger Encryption Key 3-15
atadefault.cfg Configuration File 3-17
Configuring the Cisco ATA to Obtain its Configuration File from the TFTP Server 3-18
Using a DHCP Server 3-18
Without Using a DHCP Server 3-20
Voice Configuration Menu 3-20
Using the Voice Configuration Menu 3-21
Entering Alphanumeric Values 3-22
Resetting the Cisco ATA to Factory Default Values 3-23
Cisco ATA Web Configuration Page 3-23
Refreshing or Resetting the Cisco ATA 3-25
Procedure to Refresh the Cisco ATA 3-26
Procedure to Reset the Cisco ATA 3-26
Obtaining Cisco ATA Configuration File After Failed Attempt 3-26
Upgrading the H.323 Signaling Image 3-26
CHAPTER
4 Basic and Additional H.323 Services 4-1
Important Basic H.323 Services 4-1
Required Parameters 4-1
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Setting Up User IDs for the Cisco ATA 4-3
Using the Cisco ATA with an H.323 Gatekeeper 4-3
Choosing Cisco ATA Registration Mode with an H.323 Gatekeeper 4-3
Setting Up Gatekeeper Time-To-Live Value 4-4
Setting Up an Alternate H.323 Gatekeeper 4-4
Establishing Authentication with Cisco H.323 Gatekeeper 4-5
Using the Cisco ATA Without an H.323 Gatekeeper 4-6
Using the Cisco ATA With an H.323 Gateway but Without an H.323 Gatekeeper 4-6
Using Multiple Cisco ATAs Without an H.323 Gatekeeper 4-6
Setting the Audio Codecs 4-7
Additional H.323 Services 4-7
Configurable Reboot of Cisco ATA 4-8
Configuring Audio Packet Settings 4-8
Configuring Billable Features 4-8
Configuring the Call Waiting Permanent Default Setting 4-9
Configuring the Cisco ATA Refresh Interval 4-9
Configuring Hook Flash Timing 4-9
Configuring the Mixing of Call Waiting Tone and Audio 4-9
Configuring Network Ringback Tone 4-10
Configuring Reverse Audio Cut-Through Behavior 4-10
Configuring Supplementary Service Behavior and Parameters 4-10
Debugging Diagnostics 4-10
Hardware Information Display 4-10
Network Timing 4-11
Polarity Settings 4-11
Progress Tones 4-11
Selecting DTMF and Hookflash Transmission Methods 4-11
Selecting H.323 Connection and H.245 Transmission Methods 4-12
Setting Dial Plans 4-12
Contents
Complete Reference Table of all Cisco ATA H.323 Services 4-12
CHAPTER
5 Parameters and Defaults 5-1
Configuration Text File Template 5-2
User Interface (UI) Security Parameter 5-3
UIPassword 5-3
Parameters for Configuration Method and Encryption 5-4
UseTFTP 5-4
TftpURL 5-5
CfgInterval 5-6
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EncryptKey 5-6
EncryptKeyEx 5-7
Network Configuration Parameters 5-8
DHCP 5-8
StaticIp 5-9
StaticRoute 5-9
StaticNetMask 5-10
NTPIP 5-10
AltNTPIP 5-11
DNS1IP 5-11
DNS2IP 5-12
VLANSetting 5-12
H.323 Parameters 5-13
GkOrProxy 5-13
GkId 5-14
GkTimeToLive 5-14
AltGk 5-14
AltGkTimeOut 5-15
UID0 5-16
PWD0 5-16
UID1 5-17
PWD1 5-18
LoginID0 5-18
LoginID1 5-19
UseLoginID 5-19
AutMethod 5-20
Gateway 5-20
Audio Configuration Parameters 5-21
MediaPort 5-21
RxCodec 5-22
TxCodec 5-22
LBRCodec 5-23
AudioMode 5-24
NumTxFrames 5-25
TOS 5-26
Operational Parameters 5-26
CallFeatures 5-27
PaidFeatures 5-28
CallCmd 5-29
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FeatureTimer 5-30
FeatureTimer2 5-31
SigTimer 5-31
ConnectMode 5-32
OpFlags 5-34
TimeZone 5-36
Telephone Configuration Parameters 5-37
CallerIdMethod 5-38
Polarity 5-39
FXSInputLevel 5-40
FXSOutputLevel 5-40
Tone Configuration Parameters 5-41
Tone Parameter Syntax—Basic Format 5-41
Tone Parameter Syntax—Extended Formats 5-43
Extended Format A 5-43
Extended Format B 5-44
Recommended Values 5-48
Specific Tone Parameter Information 5-48
DialTone 5-48
BusyTone 5-49
ReorderTone 5-49
RingbackTone 5-50
CallWaitTone 5-50
AlertTone 5-51
RingOnOffTime 5-51
Contents
Dial Plan Parameters 5-52
DialPlan 5-52
Dial Plan Commands 5-53
Dial Plan Rules 5-54
Dial Plan Examples 5-58
DialPlanEx 5-60
IPDialPlan 5-60
Diagnostic Parameters 5-60
NPrintf 5-61
SyslogIP 5-61
SyslogCtrl 5-62
CFGID—Version Parameter for Cisco ATA Configuration File 5-63
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CHAPTER
CHAPTER
6 Call Commands 6-1
Call Command Structure 6-1
Syntax 6-2
Context-Identifiers 6-3
Input Sequence Identifiers 6-4
Action Identifiers 6-4
Call Command Example 6-5
Call Command Behavior 6-7
7 Configuring and Debugging Fax Services 7-1
Using Fax Pass-through Mode 7-1
Configuring the Cisco ATA for Fax Pass-through mode 7-2
AudioMode 7-2
ConnectMode 7-3
Configuring Cisco IOS Gateways to Enable Fax Pass-through 7-3
Enable Fax Pass-through Mode 7-4
Disable Fax Relay Feature 7-5
Using FAX Mode 7-6
Configuring the Cisco ATA for Fax Mode 7-6
Configuring the Cisco ATA for Fax Mode on a Per-Call Basis 7-7
Configuring the Cisco IOS Gateway for Fax Mode 7-7
CHAPTER
Debugging the Cisco ATA 186/188 Fax Services 7-7
Common Problems When Using IOS Gateways 7-7
Using prserv for Diagnosing Fax Problems 7-9
prserv Overview 7-9
Analyzing prserv Output for Fax Sessions 7-10
Using rtpcatch for Diagnosing Fax Problems 7-12
rtpcatch Overview 7-12
Example of rtpcatch 7-14
Analyzing rtpcatch Output for Fax Sessions 7-16
Using rtpcatch to Analyze Common Causes of Failure 7-18
rtpcatch Limitations 7-20
8 Upgrading the Cisco ATA Signaling Image 8-1
Upgrading the Signaling Image from a TFTP Server 8-1
Upgrading the Signaling Image Manually 8-2
Preliminary Steps 8-3
Running the Executable File 8-3
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Upgrade Requirements 8-3
Syntax 8-4
Upgrade Procedure and Verification 8-4
Confirming a Successful Signaling Image Upgrade 8-5
Using a Web Browser 8-5
Using the Voice Configuration Menu 8-6
Contents
CHAPTER
APPENDIX
9 Troubleshooting 9-1
General Troubleshooting Tips 9-1
Symptoms and Actions 9-2
Installation and Upgrade Issues 9-3
Debugging 9-4
Using System Diagnostics 9-5
Local Tone Playout Reporting 9-9
Obtaining Network Status Prior to Getting IP Connectivity 9-10
Obtaining Network Status After Getting IP Connectivity 9-11
DHCP Status HTML Page 9-12
Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) Statistics Reporting 9-12
Frequently Asked Questions 9-13
Contacting TAC 9-15
A Using H.323 Supplementary Services A-1
Changing Call Commands A-1
Cancelling a Supplementary Service A-1
Common Supplementary Services A-1
Caller ID A-2
Call-Waiting Caller ID A-2
Making a Conference Call in the United States A-2
Making a Conference Call in Sweden A-3
Call Waiting in the United States A-3
Call Waiting in Sweden A-3
Calling Line Identification Presentation A-3
About Calling Line Identification Restriction A-4
Calling Line Identification Restriction in the United States A-4
Calling Line Identification Restriction in Sweden A-4
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APPENDIX
APPENDIX
APPENDIX
B Voice Menu Codes B-1
C Cisco ATA Specifications C-1
Physical Specifications C-1
Electrical Specifications C-2
Environmental Specifications C-2
Physical Interfaces C-2
Ringing Characteristics C-3
Software Specifications C-3
D H.323 Signaling D-1
Supported H.323 Messages D-1
H.323 Signaling Scenarios D-2
H.323 Endpoint-to-Gatekeeper Registration D-2
H.323 Endpoint-to-Endpoint Call Setup with a Common Gatekeeper D-5
H.323 Call Setup from H.323 Network to Circuit Switched Network D-14
APPENDIX
G
LOSSARY
I
NDEX
E Recommended Cisco ATA Tone Parameter Values by Country E-1
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Preface
This preface includes the following sections:
• Overview, page xi
• Audience, page xi
• Organization, page xii
• Conventions, page xii
• Related Documentation, page xvi
• Obtaining Documentation, page xvi
Overview
Note The term Cisco ATA is used throughout this manual to refer to both the Cisco ATA 186 and the
Audience
• Obtaining Technical Assistance, page xvii
The Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188 Analog Telephone Adaptor Administrator’s Guide (H.323)
provides the information you need to install, configure and manage the Cisco ATA 186 and
Cisco ATA 188 on an H.323 network.
Cisco ATA 188, unless differences between the Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188 are explicitly
stated.
This guide is intended for service providers and network administrators who administer Voice over IP
(VoIP) services using the Cisco ATA. Most of the tasks described in this guide are not intended for end
users of the Cisco ATA. Many of these tasks impact the ability of the Cisco ATA to function on the
network, and require an understanding of IP networking and telephony concepts.
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Preface
Organization
Organization
Table 1 provides an overview of the organization of this guide.
Table 1 Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188 Analog Telephone Adaptor Administrator’s Guide (H.323) Organization
Chapter Description
Chapter 1, “Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview” Provides descriptions of hardware and software features of
the Cisco ATA Analog Telephone Adaptor along with a brief
overview of the H.323 protocol.
Chapter 2, “Installing the Cisco ATA” Provides information about installing the Cisco ATA.
Chapter 3, “Configuring the Cisco ATA for H.323” Provides information about configuring the Cisco ATA and
the various methods for configuration.
Chapter 4, “Basic and Additional H.323 Services” Provides information about H.323 services that the
Cisco ATA supports.
Chapter 5, “Parameters and Defaults” Provides information on all parameters and defaults that you
can use to configure the Cisco ATA.
Chapter 6, “Call Commands” Provides the Cisco ATA call commands for H.323.
Chapter 7, “Configuring and Debugging Fax Services” Provides instructions for configuring both ports of the
Cisco ATA to support fax transmission.
Chapter 8, “Upgrading the Cisco ATA Signaling Image” Provides instructions for remotely upgrading Cisco ATA
software.
Chapter 9, “Troubleshooting” Provides basic testing and troubleshooting procedures for the
Cisco ATA.
Appendix A, “Using H.323 Supplementary Services” Provides end-user information about pre-call and mid-call
services.
Appendix B, “Voice Menu Codes” Provides a quick-reference list of the voice configuration
menu options for the Cisco ATA.
Appendix C, “Cisco ATA Specifications” Provides physical specifications for the Cisco ATA.
Appendix D, “H.323 Signaling” Provides Cisco ATA call flows for H.323 scenarios.
Appendix E, “Recommended Cisco ATA Tone Parameter
Values by Country”
Glossary Provides definitions of commonly used terms.
Index Provides reference information.
Provides tone parameters for various countries.
Conventions
This document uses the following conventions:
• Alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars (for example, {x | y | z}).
• Arguments for which you supply values are in italic font.
• Commands and keywords are in boldface font.
• Elements in square brackets ([ ]) are optional.
• Information you must enter is in boldface screen font.
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• Optional alternative keywords are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars (for example,
[x | y | z]).
• Terminal sessions and information the system displays are in screen font.
Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in the
publication.
Timesaver Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action described in the
paragraph.
Tip Means the following information will help you solve a problem. The tips information might not be
troubleshooting or even an action, but could be useful information, similar to a Timesaver.
Conventions
Caution Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment
damage or loss of data.
Warning
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before you
work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar
with standard practices for preventing accidents. Use the statement number provided at the end of
each warning to locate its translation in the translated safety warnings that accompanied this
device.
Statement 1071
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
Waarschuwing
BELANGRIJKE VEILIGHEIDSINSTRUCTIES
Dit waarschuwingssymbool betekent gevaar. U verkeert in een situatie die lichamelijk letsel kan
veroorzaken. Voordat u aan enige apparatuur gaat werken, dient u zich bewust te zijn van de bij
elektrische schakelingen betrokken risico's en dient u op de hoogte te zijn van de standaard
praktijken om ongelukken te voorkomen. Gebruik het nummer van de verklaring onderaan de
waarschuwing als u een vertaling van de waarschuwing die bij het apparaat wordt geleverd, wilt
raadplegen.
BEWAAR DEZE INSTRUCTIES
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Conventions
Preface
Varoitus
Attention
Warnung
TÄRKEITÄ TURVALLISUUSOHJEITA
Tämä varoitusmerkki merkitsee vaaraa. Tilanne voi aiheuttaa ruumiillisia vammoja. Ennen kuin
käsittelet laitteistoa, huomioi sähköpiirien käsittelemiseen liittyvät riskit ja tutustu
onnettomuuksien yleisiin ehkäisytapoihin. Turvallisuusvaroitusten käännökset löytyvät laitteen
mukana toimitettujen käännettyjen turvallisuusvaroitusten joukosta varoitusten lopussa näkyvien
lausuntonumeroiden avulla.
SÄILYTÄ NÄMÄ OHJEET
IMPORTANTES INFORMATIONS DE SÉCURITÉ
Ce symbole d'avertissement indique un danger. Vous vous trouvez dans une situation pouvant
entraîner des blessures ou des dommages corporels. Avant de travailler sur un équipement, soyez
conscient des dangers liés aux circuits électriques et familiarisez-vous avec les procédures
couramment utilisées pour éviter les accidents. Pour prendre connaissance des traductions des
avertissements figurant dans les consignes de sécurité traduites qui accompagnent cet appareil,
référez-vous au numéro de l'instruction situé à la fin de chaque avertissement.
CONSERVEZ CES INFORMATIONS
WICHTIGE SICHERHEITSHINWEISE
Dieses Warnsymbol bedeutet Gefahr. Sie befinden sich in einer Situation, die zu Verletzungen führen
kann. Machen Sie sich vor der Arbeit mit Geräten mit den Gefahren elektrischer Schaltungen und
den üblichen Verfahren zur Vorbeugung vor Unfällen vertraut. Suchen Sie mit der am Ende jeder
Warnung angegebenen Anweisungsnummer nach der jeweiligen Übersetzung in den übersetzten
Sicherheitshinweisen, die zusammen mit diesem Gerät ausgeliefert wurden.
Avvertenza
Advarsel
BEWAHREN SIE DIESE HINWEISE GUT AUF.
IMPORTANTI ISTRUZIONI SULLA SICUREZZA
Questo simbolo di avvertenza indica un pericolo. La situazione potrebbe causare infortuni alle
persone. Prima di intervenire su qualsiasi apparecchiatura, occorre essere al corrente dei pericoli
relativi ai circuiti elettrici e conoscere le procedure standard per la prevenzione di incidenti.
Utilizzare il numero di istruzione presente alla fine di ciascuna avvertenza per individuare le
traduzioni delle avvertenze riportate in questo documento.
CONSERVARE QUESTE ISTRUZIONI
VIKTIGE SIKKERHETSINSTRUKSJONER
Dette advarselssymbolet betyr fare. Du er i en situasjon som kan føre til skade på person. Før du
begynner å arbeide med noe av utstyret, må du være oppmerksom på farene forbundet med
elektriske kretser, og kjenne til standardprosedyrer for å forhindre ulykker. Bruk nummeret i slutten
av hver advarsel for å finne oversettelsen i de oversatte sikkerhetsadvarslene som fulgte med denne
enheten.
TA VARE PÅ DISSE INSTRUKSJONENE
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Conventions
Aviso
¡Advertencia!
Varning!
INSTRUÇÕES IMPORTANTES DE SEGURANÇA
Este símbolo de aviso significa perigo. Você está em uma situação que poderá ser causadora de
lesões corporais. Antes de iniciar a utilização de qualquer equipamento, tenha conhecimento dos
perigos envolvidos no manuseio de circuitos elétricos e familiarize-se com as práticas habituais de
prevenção de acidentes. Utilize o número da instrução fornecido ao final de cada aviso para
localizar sua tradução nos avisos de segurança traduzidos que acompanham este dispositivo.
GUARDE ESTAS INSTRUÇÕES
INSTRUCCIONES IMPORTANTES DE SEGURIDAD
Este símbolo de aviso indica peligro. Existe riesgo para su integridad física. Antes de manipular
cualquier equipo, considere los riesgos de la corriente eléctrica y familiarícese con los
procedimientos estándar de prevención de accidentes. Al final de cada advertencia encontrará el
número que le ayudará a encontrar el texto traducido en el apartado de traducciones que acompaña
a este dispositivo.
GUARDE ESTAS INSTRUCCIONES
VIKTIGA SÄKERHETSANVISNINGAR
Denna varningssignal signalerar fara. Du befinner dig i en situation som kan leda till personskada.
Innan du utför arbete på någon utrustning måste du vara medveten om farorna med elkretsar och
känna till vanliga förfaranden för att förebygga olyckor. Använd det nummer som finns i slutet av
varje varning för att hitta dess översättning i de översatta säkerhetsvarningar som medföljer denna
anordning.
SPARA DESSA ANVISNINGAR
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Related Documentation
Preface
Related Documentation
• RFC971 (A Survey of Data Representation Standards)
• RFC768 (User Datagram Protocol)
• RFC2198 (RTP Payload for Redundant Audio Data)
• RFC2833 (RTP Payload for DTMF Digits, Telephony Phones and Telephony Signals)
• Read Me First - ATA Boot Load Information
• Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco 188 Analog Telephone Adaptor At a Glance
• Regulatory Compliance and Safety Information for the Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco 188
• Cisco ATA Release Notes
Obtaining Documentation
These sections explain how to obtain documentation from Cisco Systems.
World Wide Web
You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com
Translated documentation is available at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml
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Documentation CD-ROM
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a Cisco Documentation CD-ROM
package, which is shipped with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated monthly and may
be more current than printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or
through an annual subscription.
Ordering Documentation
You can order Cisco documentation in these ways:
• Registered Cisco.com users (Cisco direct customers) can order Cisco product documentation from
the Networking Products MarketPlace:
http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl
• Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription
Store:
http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription
Obtaining Technical Assistance
• Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by
calling Cisco Systems Corporate Headquarters (California, U.S.A.) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere
in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS (6387).
Documentation Feedback
You can submit comments electronically on Cisco.com. In the Cisco Documentation home page, click
the Fax or Email option in the “Leave Feedback” section at the bottom of the page.
You can e-mail your comments to bug-doc@cisco.com.
You can submit your comments by mail by using the response card behind the front cover of your
document or by writing to the following address:
Cisco Systems
Attn: Document Resource Connection
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-9883
We appreciate your comments.
Obtaining Technical Assistance
Cisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can
obtain online documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools by using
the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) Web Site. Cisco.com registered users have complete
access to the technical support resources on the Cisco TAC Web Site.
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Cisco.com
Preface
Cisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open
access to Cisco information, networking solutions, services, programs, and resources at any time, from
anywhere in the world.
Cisco.com is a highly integrated Internet application and a powerful, easy-to-use tool that provides a
broad range of features and services to help you with these tasks:
• Streamline business processes and improve productivity
• Resolve technical issues with online support
• Download and test software packages
• Order Cisco learning materials and merchandise
• Register for online skill assessment, training, and certification programs
If you want to obtain customized information and service, you can self-register on Cisco.com. To access
Cisco.com, go to this URL:
http://www.cisco.com
Technical Assistance Center
The Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) is available to all customers who need technical
assistance with a Cisco product, technology, or solution. Two levels of support are available: the Cisco
TAC Web Site and the Cisco TAC Escalation Center.
Cisco TAC inquiries are categorized according to the urgency of the issue:
• Priority level 4 (P4)—You need information or assistance concerning Cisco product capabilities,
product installation, or basic product configuration.
• Priority level 3 (P3)—Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably
impaired, but most business operations continue.
• Priority level 2 (P2)—Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects
of business operations. No workaround is available.
• Priority level 1 (P1)—Your production network is down, and a critical impact to business operations
will occur if service is not restored quickly. No workaround is available.
The Cisco TAC resource that you choose is based on the priority of the problem and the conditions of
service contracts, when applicable.
Cisco TAC Web Site
You can use the Cisco TAC Web Site to resolve P3 and P4 issues yourself, saving both cost and time.
The site provides around-the-clock access to online tools, knowledge bases, and software. To access the
Cisco TAC Web Site, go to this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/tac
All customers, partners, and resellers who have a valid Cisco service contract have complete access to
the technical support resources on the Cisco TAC Web Site. The Cisco TAC Web Site requires a
Cisco.com login ID and password. If you have a valid service contract but do not have a login ID or
password, go to this URL to register:
http://www.cisco.com/register/
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If you are a Cisco.com registered user, and you cannot resolve your technical issues by using the Cisco
TAC Web Site, you can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen
If you have Internet access, we recommend that you open P3 and P4 cases through the Cisco TAC
Web Si te.
Cisco TAC Escalation Center
The Cisco TAC Escalation Center addresses priority level 1 or priority level 2 issues. These
classifications are assigned when severe network degradation significantly impacts business operations.
When you contact the TAC Escalation Center with a P1 or P2 problem, a Cisco TAC engineer
automatically opens a case.
To obtain a directory of toll-free Cisco TAC telephone numbers for your country, go to this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml
Before calling, please check with your network operations center to determine the level of Cisco support
services to which your company is entitled: for example, SMARTnet, SMARTnet Onsite, or Network
Supported Accounts (NSA). When you call the center, please have available your service agreement
number and your product serial number.
Obtaining Technical Assistance
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1
Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
This section describes the hardware and software features of the Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor
(Cisco ATA) and includes a brief overview of the H.323 protocol.
The Cisco ATA analog telephone adaptors are handset-to-Ethernet adaptors that allow regular analog
telephones to operate on IP-based telephony networks. Cisco ATAs support two voice ports, each with
an independent telephone number. The Cisco ATA 188 also has an RJ-45 10/100
This section covers the following topics:
• H.323 Overview, page 1-2
• Hardware Overview, page 1-5
• Software Features, page 1-7
• Installation and Configuration Overview, page 1-9
Figure 1-1 Cisco ATA Analog Telephone Adaptor
BASE-T data port.
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CISCO ATA 186
ANALOG TELEPHONE ADAPTO
The Cisco ATA, which operates with Cisco voice-packet gateways, makes use of broadband pipes that
are deployed through a digital subscriber line (DSL), fixed wireless-cable modem, and other Ethernet
connections.
Note The term Cisco ATA refers to both the Cisco ATA 186 and the Cisco ATA 188, unless otherwise stated.
Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188 Analog Telephone Adaptor Administrator’s Guide for H.323 (version 3.0)
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H.323 Overview
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Chapter 1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
Figure 1-2 Cisco ATA 186 as Endpoint in an H.323 Network
Telephone/fax
Figure 1-3 Cisco ATA 188 as Endpoint in an H.323 Network
Telephone/fax
V
Cisco ATA 186
V
Cisco ATA 188
Ethernet
Broadband CPE
(DSL, cable,
fixed wireless)
Ethernet
Broadband CPE
(DSL, cable,
fixed wireless)
Broadband
Broadband
Layer 3
IP infrastructure
H.323 Gatekeeper
Layer 3
IP infrastructure
V
V
Voice
gateway
PSTN
Voice
gateway
PSTN
H.323 Overview
H.323 is the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) standard for transmitting voice, video, and
data across an IP network. Like other VoIP protocols, the H.323 standard is designed to address the
functions of signaling and session management from within a packet telephony network. Signaling
allows call information to be carried across network boundaries. Session management provides the
ability to control the attributes of an end-to-end call. The H.323 standard includes support for call
signaling and control, multimedia transport and control, and bandwidth control for both point-to-point
and point-to-multipoint conferences.
The H.323 standard includes the following protocols:
• Call signaling using the H.225 protocol
• Media control using the H.245 protocol
• G.711, G.722, G.723, G.728, and G.729 audio codecs
• H.261 and H.263 video codecs
• Data sharing using the T.120 protocol
• Real-time transport protocol (RTP) and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) for media transport
H.323 Gatekeeper
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Chapter 1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
Components that the H.323 standard employs include a system of interconnected voice terminals,
gateways, gatekeepers, multipoint control units (MCUs), and proxy servers. Voice terminals provide
point-to-point and point-to-multipoint conference capability for audio, video, and data. Voice gateways
interconnect the packetized IP network to the PSTN or ISDN network. Gatekeepers provide admission
control and address translation services for H.323 voice terminals and gateways. MCUs enable two or
more gateways to engage in point-to-point or point-to-multipoint audio or video conferences.
This section contains descriptions of the following H.323 components:
• H.323 Terminals, page 1-3
• H.323 Gateways, page 1-3
• H.323 Gatekeepers, page 1-4
• H.323 MCUs, page 1-4
• H.323 Proxy Server, page 1-4
Figure 1-4 H.323 Architecture
Multipoint Control
H.323 Gatekeeper
Unit (MCU)
H.323 Overview
Analog Phone
H.323 Terminals
Voice terminals in an H.323 network must feature system control units, media transmission capabilities,
audio codecs, and network interfaces suitable for transmitting and receiving packetized data.
H.323 Gateways
H.323 gateways feature a mixture of characteristics of both standard Switched Circuit Network (SCN)
access points and H.323 access points. Gateways perform the translation of audio, video, and data
transmission formats as well as interacting with communications systems and various protocols. A
primary responsibility of an H.323 gateway is the call setup and teardown necessary to complete a call
to and from a packetized IP network and a standard switched network.
Terminal
Terminal
H.323
Network
Cisco ATA
H.323 Gateway
CSN/PSTN
72858
Analog Phone
Note Gateways are necessary in an H.323 system to connect calls over a packetized IP network to a switched
circuit network such as the PSTN.
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H.323 Overview
H.323 Gatekeepers
Gatekeepers are primarily responsible for pre-call and call-level control services for H.323 gateways.
Gatekeepers are an optional component in an H.323 system. However, if present, gatekeepers must
perform the following call setup and management services:
• Address translation for IP addresses originating from H.323 aliases (for example,
address_pool@cisco.com, for example) or E.164 addresses (for example, standard telephone
numbers)
• Admissions control for authorizing or rejecting access to H.323
• Bandwidth control for gateway bandwidth requirements
• Zone management for registered voice terminals, gateways and MCUs
When used in an H.323 system, gatekeepers can also (but are not required to) provide the following
functionality:
• Call control signaling using the gatekeeper Routed Call Signaling model
• Call authorization to restrict access to certain voice terminals or gateways, or to restrict access based
on time-of-day criteria
Chapter 1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
• Bandwidth management for the H.323 system that will enable the gateway to restrict access when
requested bandwidth is unavailable
• Call management including maintaining a list of active calls to indicate available and unavailable
voice terminals and gateways
H.323 MCUs
MCUs are endpoints in an H.323 network that support point-to-multipoint conferences and consist of a
multipoint controller and at least one multipoint processor responsible for receiving voice, video, and
data streams. These streams are distributed to access points participating in a point-to-multipoint
conference.
H.323 Proxy Server
An H.323 proxy server is a proxy specifically designed for the H.323 protocol and examines packets
between two communicating applications. Proxies can determine the destination of a call and perform
call-connection steps, if necessary.
H.323 proxies perform the following key functions:
• Allow voice terminals that do not support Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) to connect to the
proxy through remote access or local area networks with relatively reliable quality of service (QoS).
Pairs of proxies can then be employed to develop tunnels across the IP network.
• Support routing of H.323 traffic that is separate from ordinary data traffic by using
application-specific routing (ASR).
• Enable H.323 to be deployed in networks that use private address space.
• Ensure network security by configuring the proxy server to allow only H.323 traffic over the
network.
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Hardware Overview
The Cisco ATA 186 and Cisco ATA 188 are compact, easy-to-install devices. Figure 1-5 shows the rear
panel of the Cisco ATA 186. Figure 1-6 shows the rear panel of the Cisco ATA 188.
Figure 1-5 Cisco ATA 186—Rear View
RJ-11 FXS ports
Figure 1-6 Cisco ATA 188—Rear View
RJ-45 10BaseT
Hardware Overview
10BaseT ACT 5VPHONE 1 PHONE 2
72210
Power
connector
ACT LED
10/100 UPLINK10/100 PC LINKLINK 5VPHONE 1 PHONE 2
72211
Power
RJ-11 FXS ports
LINK LED
RJ-45 10/100BaseT ports
LINK LED
connector
The unit provides the following connectors and indicators:
• 5V power connector.
• Two RJ-11 FXS (Foreign Exchange Station) ports—The Cisco ATA supports two independent
RJ-11 telephone ports that can connect to any standard analog telephone device. Each port supports
either voice calls or fax sessions, and both ports can be used simultaneously.
Note The Cisco ATA186-I1 and Cisco ATA188-I1 provide 600-ohm resistive impedance. The
Cisco ATA 186-I2 and Cisco ATA188-I2 provide 270 ohm + 750 ohm // 150-nF complex impedance.
The impedance option is requested when you place your order and should match your specific
application. If you are not sure of the applicable configuration, check your country or regional telephone
impedance requirements.
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Hardware Overview
Note The Cisco ATA 188 performs auto-negotiation for duplexity and speed and is capable of 10/100 Mbps,
Chapter 1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
• Ethernet ports
–
The Cisco ATA 186 has one RJ-45 10BASE-T uplink Ethernet port to connect the
Cisco ATA 186 to a 10/100BASE-T hub or another Ethernet device.
–
The Cisco ATA 188 has two Ethernet ports: an RJ-45 10/100BASE-T uplink port to connect the
Cisco ATA 188 to a 10/100BASE-T hub or another Ethernet device and an RJ-45
10/100BASE-T data port to connect an Ethernet-capable device, such as a computer, to the
network.
full-duplex operation. The Cisco ATA 186 is fixed at 10 Mbps, half-duplex operation.
• The Cisco ATA 188 RJ-45 LED shows network link and activity. The LED blinks twice when the
Cisco ATA is first powered on, then turns off if there is no link or activity. The LED blinks to show
network activity and is solid when there is a link.
• The Cisco ATA 186 RJ-45 LED is solid when the Cisco ATA is powered on and blinks to show
network activity.
• Function button—The function button is located on the top panel of the unit (see Figure 1-7).
Figure 1-7 Function Button
Function
button
CISCO ATA 186
ANALOG TELEPHONE ADAPTOR
72214
The function button lights when you pick up the handset of a telephone attached to the Cisco ATA.
The button blinks quickly when the Cisco ATA is upgrading its configuration.
Note If the function button blinks slowly, the Cisco ATA cannot find the DHCP server. Check your
Ethernet connections and make sure the DHCP server is available.
Pressing the function button allows you to access to the voice configuration menu. For additional
information about the voice configuration menu, see the “Voice Configuration Menu” section on
page 3-20.
Caution Never press the function button during an upgrade process. Doing so may interfere with the process.
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Software Features
The Cisco ATA supports the following protocols, services and methods:
• Voice Codecs Supported, page 1-7
• Additional Supported Signaling Protocols, page 1-7
• Other Supported Protocols, page 1-7
• Cisco ATA H.323 Services, page 1-8
• Fax Services, page 1-9
• Supplementary Services, page 1-9
Voice Codecs Supported
The Cisco ATA supports the following voice codecs (check your other network devices for the codecs
they support):
• G.711µ-law
• G.711A-law
Software Features
• G.723.1
• G.729
• G.729A
• G.729B
• G.729AB
Additional Supported Signaling Protocols
In addition to H.323, the Cisco ATA supports the following signaling protocols:
• Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
• Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP)
• Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)
If you wish to perform a cross-protocol upgrade from H.323 to another signaling image, see the
“Upgrading the Signaling Image from a TFTP Server” section on page 8-1.
Other Supported Protocols
Other protocols that the Cisco ATA supports include the following:
• 802.1Q VLAN tagging
• Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
• Domain Name System (DNS)
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
• Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
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Software Features
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP)
• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
• Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Cisco ATA H.323 Services
For a list of required H.323 parameters as well as descriptions of all supported Cisco ATA H.323
services and cross references to the parameters for configuring these services, see Chapter 4, “Basic and
Additional H.323 Services.”
These services include the following features:
• Supports direct IP dialing to and from a Cisco ATA without using an H.323 gatekeeper
• Supports direct IP dialing in addition to proxy-routed calls to and from either phone
• Uses the same configurable MediaPort to transmit and receive RTP audio
Chapter 1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
• Uses UDP only for H.323 RAS message transmission
• Uses a TCP connection for H.225/Q.931 signaling (such as call setup, call proceeding, alerting, and
call connect)
• IP address assignment—DHCP-provided or statically configured
• Cisco ATA configuration by means of a TFTP server, web browser, or voice configuration menu.
• VLAN configuration
• Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
• Low-bit-rate codec selection
• User authentication
• Configurable tones (dial tone, busy tone, alert tone, reorder tone, call waiting tone)
• Dial plans
• User-configurable, call-waiting, permanent default setting
• Silence suppression and comfort noise generation for G.711, G.723.1 (G.723.1 Annex A), and
G.,729 (G.729 Annex B)
• Caller ID format
• Ring cadence format
• Hook-flash detection timing configuration
• Type of Service (ToS) configuration for audio and signaling ethernet packets
• Hotline and warmline support (private line automatic ringdown)
• Debugging and diagnostic tools
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Fax Services
The Cisco ATA supports two modes of fax services, in which fax signals are transmitted using the G.711
codec:
• Fax pass-through mode—Receiver-side Called Station Identification (CED) tone detection with
automatic G.711A-law or G.711µ-law switching.
• Fax mode—The Cisco ATA is configured as a G.711-only device.
How you set Cisco ATA fax parameters depends on what network gateways are being used. You may
need to modify the default fax parameter values (see Chapter 7, “Configuring and Debugging Fax
Services”).
Note Success of fax transmission depends on network conditions and fax modem response to these conditions.
The network must have reasonably low network jitter, network delay, and packet loss rate.
Supplementary Services
Installation and Configuration Overview
H.323 supplementary services are services that you can use to enhance your telephone service. For
information on how to enable and subscribe to these services, see the “CallFeatures” section on
page 5-27 and the “PaidFeatures” section on page 5-28.
For information on how to use these services, see Appendix A, “Using H.323 Supplementary Services.”
The following list contains the H.323 supplementary services that the Cisco ATA supports:
• Caller ID
• Calling line ID presentation/rejection (CLIP/CLIR)
• Call waiting
• Call waiting Caller ID
• Three-way calling
Installation and Configuration Overview
Table 1-1 provides the basic steps required to install and configure the Cisco ATA to make it operational.
Table 1-1 Overview of the Steps Required to Install and Configure the Cisco ATA and Make it Operational
Action Reference
1. Plan the network and Cisco ATA configuration.
2. Install the Ethernet connection.
3. Install and configure the other network devices.
4. Install the Cisco ATA but do not power up the Cisco ATA yet. What the Cisco ATA Package Includes, page 2-2
5. Download the desired Cisco ATA release software zip file from
the Cisco web site, then configure the Cisco ATA.
Chapter 3, “Configuring the Cisco ATA for H.323”
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Installation and Configuration Overview
Action Reference
6. Power up the Cisco ATA.
7. Periodically, you can upgrade the Cisco ATA to a new
signaling image by using the TFTP server-upgrade method or
the manual-upgrade method.
Chapter 8, “Upgrading the Cisco ATA Signaling
Image”
Chapter 1 Cisco Analog Telephone Adaptor Overview
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