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78-11450-03
User Manual
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Cisco Systems 78-11450-03 User Manual

Symbols
GLOSSARY
1+1 APS
10BASE-T
100BASE-T
1000BASE-LX/LH
1000BASE-SX
1000BASE-T
See APS.
802.3 specification, has a distance limit of approximately 328 feet (100 meters) per segment. See also
IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet.
100-Mbps baseband Fast Ethernet specification using UTP wiring. Like the 10BASE-T technology on which it is based, 100BASE-T sends link pulses over the network segment when no traffic is present. However, these link pulses contain more information than those used in 10BASE-T. The 100BASE-T specification is based on the IEEE 802.3 standard. See also 10BASE-T, Fast Ethernet, and
IEEE 802.3.
1000-Mbps gigabit Ethernet specification using two strands of multimode or single mode fiber-optic cable per link. To guarantee proper signal recovery, a 1000BASE-LX/LH link cannot exceed 1804 feet (550 meters) in length over multimode fiber or 32,810 feet (10 km) in length over single mode fiber. Based on the IEEE 802.3 standard with reach over single mode fiber extended from 5 km to 10 km. See also 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-ZX, Gigabit Ethernet, and
IEEE 802.3.
1000-Mbps gigabit Ethernet specification using two strands of multimode fiber-optic cable per link. To guarantee proper signal recovery, a 1000BASE-SX link cannot exceed 1804 feet (550 meters) in length. The 1000BASE-SX specification is based on the IEEE 802.3 standard. See also 1000BASE-LX/LH,
1000BASE-ZX, Gigabit Ethernet, and IEEE 802.3.
1000BASE-T (GLC-T) SFP module connects a Cisco Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) port to Category 5 wiring via a standard RJ-45 interface. The maximum Category 5 wiring distance is 100 m. The module provides with an option of connecting to a backhaul network interface.
1000BASE-X
1000BASE-ZX
802.x
78-11450-03 Rev.B0
1000-Mbps gigabit Ethernet specification that refers to the 1000BASE-CX, 1000BASE-SX, and 1000BASE-LX standards for gigabit Ethernet over fiber-optic cabling. The 1000BASE-X specification is based on the IEEE 802.3 standard. See also 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX/LH, 1000BASE-ZX,
Gigabit Ethernet, and IEEE 802.3.
1000-Mbps gigabit Ethernet specification using two strands of single mode fiber-optic cable per link. To guarantee proper signal recovery, a 1000BASE-ZX link cannot be longer than 62.1 mi (100 km). This is a Cisco specification. See also 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX/LH, Gigabit Ethernet, and IEEE
802.3.
A set of IEEE standards for the definition of LAN protocols.
Cisco uBR10012 Universal Broadband Router Hardware Installation Guide
GL-1
A
Glossary
AAL
Access list
Add drop Multiplexer
ADM
Alarm
Application-specific integrated circuit
APS
ATM adaptation layer. Service-dependent sublayer of the data link layer. The AAL accepts data from different applications and presents it to the ATM layer in the form of 48-byte ATM payload segments. AALs consist of two sublayers:the convergence sublayer and the segmentation and reassembly sublayer. Four types of AAL recommended by the ITU-T are AAL1, AAL2, AAL3/4, and AAL5; the Cisco uBR10012 uses AAL5.
List kept by routers to control access to or from the router for a number of services. For example, access lists can be used to prevent packets with a certain IP address from leaving a particular interface on the router.
See ADM.
Add Drop Multiplexer. A multiplexer that allows a signal to be added into or dropped out of a SONET span. See also SONET.
A status condition that shows that a module or port is experiencing an abnormal operating condition. See also Critical alarm, Major alarm, and Minor alarm.
See ASIC.
Automatic Protection Switching. A SONET switching mechanism that achieves network resiliency by automatically switching from a primary circuit to a secondary circuit. This switching process occurs if the primary circuit fails or if the error rate on the primary line exceeds a set threshold. The Cisco 10000 ESR supports 1+1 APS, which provides permanent electrical bridging to the service and protection equipment, placed at both ends of the circuit.
ASIC
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM
Authentication
Automatic protection switching
Alarm
Application-specific integrated circuit. A chip that is built for a specific application.
See AT M.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode. International standard for cell relay in which multiple service types (such as voice, video, or data) are conveyed in fixed-length (53-byte) cells. Fixed-length cells allow cell processing to occur in hardware, thereby reducing transit delays. ATM is designed to take advantage of high-speed transmission media such as E3, SONET, and T3.
In security, the verification of the identity of a person or process.
See APS.
A status condition that shows that a module or port is experiencing an abnormal operating condition. See also Critical alarm, Major alarm, and Minor alarm.
GL-2
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B
Glossary
Backplane
Bellcore
BER
BGP
Bit error rate
Border Gateway Protocol
Broadcast
C
CCITT
The circuit board at the back of the chassis that all components plug into. It provides the physical connection between an interface processor or line card, and the data and power distribution buses inside a chassis.
Bell Communications Research. Former name of the organization that performs research and development on behalf of the Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs). Bellcore is now called Telcordia.
Bit error rate. The ratio of received bits that contain errors.
Border Gateway Protocol. An interdomain routing protocol that replaces EGP. BGP exchanges connection information with other BGP systems. It is defined by RFC 1163.
See BER.
See BGP.
Data packet that is sent to all nodes on a network. Broadcasts are identified by a broadcast address. Compare with Multicast and Unicast.
Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone. International organization responsible for the development of communications standards. Now called the ITU-T. (See ITU-T.)
CEF
Central Office
Channel
Cisco Express Forwarding
Cisco IOS
Clear channel DS3
CLI
Cisco Express Forwarding. An advanced Layer 3 IP switching technology designed for high-performance, highly resilient Layer 3 IP backbone switching. CEF optimizes network performance and scalability for networks with large and dynamic traffic patterns, such as the Internet, on networks characterized by intensive Web-based applications or interactive sessions.
See CO.
Communication path. Multiple channels can be multiplexed over a single cable in certain environments.
See CEF.
Cisco system software that provides common functionality, scalability, and security for Cisco products. Cisco IOS allows centralized, integrated, and automated installation and management of internetworks, while ensuring support for a wide variety of protocols, media, services, and platforms.
A framed DS3 signal which is not multiplexed from 28 DS1 signals. Sometimes referred to as unchannelized DS3.
Command line interface. Interface that allows the user to interact with the operating system by entering commands and optional arguments at the command prompt.
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Cisco uBR10012 Universal Broadband Router Hardware Installation Guide
GL-3
Glossary
CO
Command Line Interface
Console
Critical alarm
D
Data terminal equipment
DCE
DRAM
Central office. The local telephone company office to which all local loops in a given area connect and in which circuit switching of subscriber lines occurs.
See CLI.
Data terminal equipment (DTE) through which commands are entered into a host.
An alarm condition that might affect most or all subscribers that connect to the reporting node. To obtain more information about a problem, use the show facility-alarm status command. See also Major alarm and Minor alarm.
See DTE.
Data circuit-terminating equipment (ITU-T expansion). Devices and connections of a communications network that comprise the network end of the user-to-network interface. The DCE provides a physical connection to the network, forwards traffic, and provides a clocking signal used to synchronize data transmission between DCE and DTE devices. Modems and interface cards are examples of DCE. Compare with DTE.
Dynamic random access memory. RAM that stores information in capacitors that must be periodically refreshed. Delays can occur because DRAMs are inaccessible to the processor when refreshing their contents. However, DRAMs are less complex and have greater capacity than SRAMs. See also SRAM.
DS0
DS1
DS3
DSU
DTE
Dynamic random access memory
Digital signal level 0. Framing specification used in transmitting digital signals over a single channel at 64 kbps on a T1 facility. Compare with DS1 and DS3.
Digital signal level 1. Framing specification used in transmitting digital signals at 1.544 Mbps on a T1 facility (in the United States) or at 2.108 Mbps on an E1 facility (in Europe). Compare with DS0 and
DS3.
Digital signal level 3. Framing specification used for transmitting digital signals at 44.736 Mbps on a T3 facility. Compare with DS0 and DS1.
Data Service Unit. Device used in digital transmission that adapts the physical interface on a DTE device to a transmission facility such as T1 or E1. The DSU is also responsible for such functions as signal timing. Often used with CSU, as in CSU/DSU.
Data terminal equipment. Device at the user end of a user-network interface that serves as a data source, destination, or both. DTE connects to a data network through a DCE device (for example, a modem) and typically uses clocking signals generated by the DCE. DTE includes devices such as computers, protocol translators, and multiplexers.
See DRAM.
GL-4
Cisco uBR10012 Universal Broadband Router Hardware Installation Guide
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E
Glossary
E1
Edge Services Router
Electromagnetic interference
Electrostatic discharge
EMI
EMP
ESD
ESR
Ethernet
Wide-area digital transmission scheme used predominantly in Europe that carries data at a rate of 2.048 Mbps. E1 lines can be leased for private use from common carriers. Compare with T1; see also DS1.
See ESR.
See EMI.
See ESD.
Electromagnetic interference. Interference by electromagnetic signals that can cause reduced data integrity and increased error rates on transmission channels.
Electromagnetic pulse. Caused by lightning and other high-energy phenomena. Capable of coupling enough energy into unshielded conductors to destroy electronic devices.
Electrostatic discharge. Discharge of stored static electricity that can damage electronic equipment and impair electrical circuitry, resulting in complete or intermittent failures.
Edge Services Router. A router that aggregates and routes traffic from thousands of low- and medium-bandwidth subscriber connections Into a few high-bandwidth connections to the Internet core.
Baseband LAN specification. Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD and run over a variety of cable types at 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, and 1000 Mbps. Ethernet is similar to the IEEE 802.3 series of standards. See also Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, IEEE 802.3.
F
Fast Ethernet
Fiber-optic cable
Field-replaceable unit
Flash memory
78-11450-03 Rev.B0
Any of a number of 100-Mbps Ethernet specifications. Fast Ethernet offers a speed increase 10 times that of the 10BASE-T Ethernet specification, while preserving qualities such as frame format, MAC mechanisms, and MTU. Existing 10BASE-T applications and network management tools can be used on Fast Ethernet networks. The Fast Ethernet specification is based on an extension to the IEEE 802.3 specification. Compare with Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet. See also 100BASE-T and IEEE 802.3.
Physical medium capable of conducting modulated light transmission. Compared with other transmission media, fiber-optic cable is more expensive, but it is not susceptible to electromagnetic interference and is capable of higher data rates. Sometimes called optical fiber.
See FRU.
Nonvolatile storage that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed so that software images can be stored, booted, and rewritten as necessary. Flash memory was developed by Intel and is licensed to other semiconductor companies.
Cisco uBR10012 Universal Broadband Router Hardware Installation Guide
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