Cirrus Logic CS8130-CS Datasheet

Semiconductor Corporation
Multi-Standard Infrared Transceiver
CS8130
Features
Adds IR port to standard UART
IrDA, HPSIR, ASK (CW) & TV remote
compatible 1200bps to 115kbps data rate
Programmable Tx LED power
Programmable Rx threshold level
Power down modes
Direct, no modulation, mode
Tiny 5x7mm 20 pin SSOP package
+2.7V to +5.5V supp ly
+Supply
General Description
The CS8130 is an infrared transceiver integrated cir­cuit. The receive channel includes on-chip high gain PIN diode amplifier, IrDA, HPSIR, ASK & TV remote compatible decoder, and data pulse stretcher. The transmit path includes IrDA, HPSIR, ASK & TV remote compatible encoder, and LED driver. The computer data port is standard UART TxD and RxD compatible, and operates from 1200 to 115200 baud.
External PIN diode and transmit LED are required. A control mode is provided to allow easy UART program­ming of different modes.
The CS8130 operates from power supplies of +2.7V to +5.5V.
Ordering Information:
CS8130-CS 0° to 70°C 20-pin SSOP CDB8130 Evaluation kit
+Supply
8
6
PINA
PINC
+Supply
LED1C
LED2C
PIN Diode
7
Preamplifier
LED
1
Driver 1
4
LED Driver 2
3
TGND2 TGND1
2
Modulator
AGND
Preliminary Product Information
Crystal Semiconductor Corporation P.O. Box 17847, Austin, TX 78760 (512) 445-7222 FAX: (512) 445-7581
VA+
Threshold Detect/Decode
FIFO
Baud Rate Generator
5
19
EXTCLK
This document contains information for a new product. Crystal Semiconductor reserves the right to modify this product without notice.
17
XTALIN
VD+
12
13
Demodulator
Data/Control Decoder
18
XTALOUT
9
CLKFR
Copyright  Crystal
Semiconductor Corporation 1994
(All Rights Reserved)
16
14
15
10
20
11
DGND
RESET
RXD
FORM/BSY
TXD
D/C
PWRDN
RxD
CTS
STANDARD
UART
TxD
DTR
JUN ’94
DS134PP2
1
CS8130
TRANSMITTER DRIVER CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25 °C; All V+ = 3.0V, Digital Input Lev els: Logic 0 = 0V, Logic 1 = V+; unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units
Output capacitance (Note 1) 10 TBD pF Output rise time (10% to 90%) tr - 20 50 ns Output fall time (90% to 10%) tf - 20 50 ns Overshoot over final current - - 25 % On resistance - - 0.5 Off leakage current - - 20 Output current (each driver) (Note 2) - - 250 mA Output jitter relative a jitter free input clock - - 200 ns
Notes: 1. Typical LED junction capacitance is 20pF.
2. 50% duty cycle, max pulse width 165 µs (3/16 of (1/1200 bps + 5%)).
µA
RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS (T
= 25 °C; All V+ = 3.0V, Digital Input Levels: Logic 0 = 0V, Logic 1 = V+;
A
unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units
Input capacitance (Note 3) - 10 T BD pF Input noise current - - 11 pA/rtHz Maximum signal input current from detector - - 2 mA Maximum DC input current (typically sunlight) - - 200 Input current detection thresholds RS4-0=00000:
(Programmable with a 5 bit value) RS4-0=00001: (Min, Max = Typical ±30%) RS4-0=00010: (Note 4)
RS4-0=11110: RS4-0=11111:
Bandpass filter response High Pass -3dB:
Low Pass -3dB:
Receiver power up time With high (200µA) dc ambient
With normal (2µA) dc ambient
-
-
16.4
169.5 175
-
-
-
-
7.8
15.6
23.4
242.2 250
35
700
5
0.3
-
-
30.4
314.9 325
-
-
10
1
µA nA
nA nA
" nA nA
kHz kHz
ms ms
Turn-around time, with receiver on continuously (Note 5) - 5 10 ms EMI rejection of system (0.5MHz to 100MHz). (Note 6) 3 - - V/m
Notes: 3. Typical PIN diode junction capacitance is 50pF.
4. The ±30% tolerance covers chip-to-chip variation. The temperature coefficient of the receiver threshold setting is low. Current detection thresholds are above the DC ambient condition. Settings of RS4-0 of less than 00010 are not practical because of noise.
5. Turn-around time is the time taken for the PIN diode receiver to recover from the IR energy from the transmitter. The remote end of the link must wait for this time after receiving data before transmitting a reply. This time may be reduced to <1 ms by good IR shielding from the transmit LED to the PIN diode.
6. This is a system specification. A metal shield over the P IN diode and CS8130 is recommended to ensure system compliance.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
2 DS134PP2
CS8130
POWER SUPPLY SPECIFICATIONS (TA = 25°C; V+ = 3.0V, Digital Input Levels: Logic 0 = 0V, Logic 1 = V+, Note 7)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units
Power Supply Voltage 2.7 3.0 5.5 V Power Supply Current - All functions enabled (Note 8) - - 2.5 mA Power Supply Current - All functions disabled (Note 9) - - 1 Power Supply Current - Receiver only enabled (Note 8) - - 2.5 mA Power Supply Current - Transmit only enabled (Note 10) - - 0.5 mA Oscillator Power Supply Current low power mode:
normal power mode:
-
-
-
-
0.5
1.5
Data & State Retention Supply Voltage 2 - - V
Notes: 7. Power supply current specifications are with the supply at 3.0V. For approximate c onsumption at
+5.0V, multiply the above currents by 1.667.
8. Oscillator in low power mode, does not include LED current. Subtrac t oscillator current if using an external clock to run the CS8130.
9. Floating digital inputs will not cause the power s upply to increase beyond the specification.
10. Does not include LED current, does include os cillator current in low power mode.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (All voltages with respect to 0V)
µA
mA mA
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units
Operating Ambient Temperature T
A
02570
Data and State Retention Temperature (In Power Down) -40 - 85
DIGITAL PIN CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25°C, Supply = 3.0V)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units
High-level Input Voltage V Low-level Input Voltage V High-level Output Voltage at IO = -2.0mA V Low-level Output Voltage at IO = 2.0mA V
IH IL
OH
OL
2.0 - - V
--0.8V
VD-0.3 - - V
--0.3V Output Leakage Current in Hi-Z state 0.2 Input Leakage Current (Digital Inputs) - - 0.2 Output Capacitance C Input Capacitance C
OUT
IN
-5-pF
-5-pF
°C °C
µA µA
DS134PP2 3
CS8130
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (All v oltages with respect to 0V)
Parameter Symbol Min Max Units
Power Supplies -0.3 6.0 V Input Current Except Supply Pins & Driver P ins ­Input Voltage -0.3 VD+0.3 V Ambient temperature (Power Applied) -55 +125 Storage Temperature -65 +150
ESD using human body model (100pF with series 1.5k)
2000 - V
Warning: Operation beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
±10
mA
°C °C
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (T
= 25 °C; All V+ = 3.0V, Digital Input Levels: Logic 0 = 0V, Logic 1 = V+;
A
unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units
XTALIN frequencies CLKFR pin low: (Note 11) CLKFR pin high:
-
-
3.6864
1.8432
-
-
MHz
MHz XTALIN duty cycle 45 50 55 % Crystal Oscillator start up time - - 25 ms
Notes: 11. In normal oscillator mode, the crystal is internally loaded with 20 pF, which is the standard loading
at which the crystal frequency is tuned. In low power oscillator mode, the internal loading on the crystal is reduced to approximately 5pF. T he crystal frequency will therefore increase by about 0.03% in low power mode.
4 DS134PP2
10
CS8130
Ferrite
Bead
0.1 µF To LED
+3.0V supply
+
10 µF
TGND1, 2
0.1 µF
AGND
PINC
PIN Diode
PINA
+ Supply
47 µF
LED2
Use: LED1/R1 or:LED1/R1 & R2 or: LED1/R1 & LED2/R2
For 2 LED, +5V supply systems, connect 2 LEDs i n series. Use R1 & R2 to give programmable output level.
LED1
+
R1 TBD
R2 TBD
LED1C
LED2C
TGND1 TGND2 DGND CLKFR
VA+ VD+
FORM/BSY
CS8130
RXD
EXTCLK
XTALIN
XTALOUT
TXD
D/C
RESET
3.6864 MHz or 1.8432 MHz. Can also use an external clock at 3.6864 MHz or 1.8432 MHz
PWRDN
CLKFR low for 3. 686 4 MHz cl ock CLKFR high for 1.8432 MHz c l ock
RxD
CTS
UART
TxD
DTR
RTS
System Control
Figure 1. Recommended Connection Diagram
DS134PP2 5
CS8130
OVERVIEW
The CS8130 is an infrared transceiver I.C. The receive channel includes on-chip high gain PIN diode amplifier, IrDA, HP-SIR, 500 kHz Ampli­tude Shift Keying (ASK) & TV remote compatible decoder, and data pulse stretcher. The transmit path includes IrDA, HPSIR, 500 kHz ASK & TV remote compatible encoder, and LED drivers. The computer data port is standard UART TxD and RxD compatible, and operates from 1200 to 115200 baud. An on-chip baud rate generator is provided.
External PIN diode and transmit LED(s) are re­quired. A control mode is provided to allow easy UART programming of different modes.
The CS8130 operates from power supplies of +2.7 V to +5.5 V. The device is supplied in a 20­pin SSOP package
Serial Infrared (SIR) Physical Layer Link Speci­fication, Version 1.0, April 27 1994). Figure 2 shows the format of Mode 1. A pulse of IR en­ergy indicates a logic ’0’. No IR indicates a logic ’1’. The pulse can be from 3/16 of a bit
cell time at 115200 (~1.6 µs), to 3/16 of a bit cell time at 2400 bps (~78 µs). The width of the pulse may be fixed at 1.6µs for all baud rates, or
may scale with the baud rate. The initial baud rate for IrDA is 9600 bps, with a negotiated baud rate possibility of 2400 to 115200 bps.
Mode 2 500 kHz ASK
Figure 3 shows the infrared data format for Mode 2. This is a Carrier Wave (CW) type sys­tem, where the presence of a 500kHz carrier is treated as a ’0’, and absence of a carrier is treated as a ’1’. Normally used baud rates are 9600 bps, 19.2 kbps and 38.4 kbps.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The following pages describe the detailed opera­tion of the CS8130.
IR Data Formats
The CS8130 supports three infrared data trans­mission formats: IrDA/HPSIR, 500kHz ASK and 38kHz ASK (TV Remote). There is also a direct access mode, which bypasses the CS8130 en­coder and decoders, and gives direct access to the IR raw data. This mode is for situations where the encoding and/or decoding is done ex­ternally.
Modes may be set independently for transmit and receive, although this would be unusual.
Mode 1 IrDA/HP-SIR
The CS8130 is designed to allow easy realiza­tion of an IrDA compatible IR port (see IrDA
Mode 3 38 kHz ASK (TV remote mode)
Figure 4 shows the infrared data format for Mode 3, the TV remote control mode. This is similar to Mode 2, except that the modulation frequency is ~38kHz. The IR bit rate is approxi­mately 2400 bps. Both modulation frequency and bit rate vary significantly for different manu­facturer and model remote controls.
Mode 4 Direct Access Mode
In Mode 4, the IR transmission tracks directly what is present on the TXD pin. A logic ’1’ means that the LED is off, a logic ’0’ means that the LED is on. Care must be taken to ensure that the LED is not ’on’ continuously, otherwise the LED may be damaged.
In Mode 4, received IR is compared against the programmed threshold. The resulting logic out­put is routed directly to the RXD pin. A logic ’1’ means no IR is detected, a logic ’0’ means IR is being detected. If a IR carrier is being received,
6 DS134PP2
CS8130
TRANSMITTER
RECEIVER
A: 1/baud rate B: 3/16 of 1/115200 o C: 3/16 of 1/115200 t
TRANSMITTER
TXD
* LED Output
PIN Input
** RXD
r 3/16 of A (selectable)
o 3/16 of A
10
B
C * LED1C and LED2C go low to turn on LED.
A
1
** RXD output is delayed from the PIN diode input by A (1 bit).
Figure 2. Infra Red Data Format Mode 1 (IRDA/HPSIR)
10
TXD
LED Output
B
On Off
Light No Light
1
On Off
RECEIVER
A: 1/baud rate B: 1/527kHz C: 1/500kHz +/- 10%
TRANSMIT TER
RECEIVER
A: 1/2400 B: 1/38.4kHz C: 1/40kHz +/- 10%
PIN Input
C
RXD
A
Figure 3. Infra Red Data Format Mode 2 (500kHz ASK)
10
TXD Data *
LED Output
PIN Input
RXD Data *
These numbers are typical values. TV Remote Bit Rate and Modulation Frequency are programmable.
B
C
A
1
Light No Light
On Off
Light No Light
* The timing of data on the RXD and TXD pins is faster than shown here
Figure 4. Infra Red Data Format 3 (TV Remote, 38kHz ASK)
DS134PP2 7
CS8130
then the RXD pin will oscillate at the carrier fre­quency.
Transmit Path
Data for transmission is input to the CS8130 on the TXD pin. The selected modulation scheme is then applied to the data, and the resulting signals are used to drive the LED. There are 2 LED out­put pins: LED1C and LED2C. They are open drain outputs, which pull down to TGND or float. The LED is connected via resistors to both LED1C and LED2C. The current level flowing through the LED is determined by the external resistors. Normally, LED1C is used to drive the LED. If additional current is needed, (for exam­ple for TV remote operation), then the second driver may be enabled. The amount of ’boost’ current is determined by the external resistor connected to the LED2C pin.
For larger amounts of IR output, it may be pref­erable to use two LEDs, rather than drive a large current through one LED. For a +3V supply sys­tem using two LEDs, each one is connected, via a resistor, to each driver output. For a +5V sup­ply system, 2 LEDS may be connected in series, and then routed to each driver via 2 resistors, one for each driver. This minimizes the power dissipation in the resistors.
Mode 1 Transmit Choices
In Mode 1 (IrDA), the pulse width may be fixed at 1.6 µs, or set to 3/16 of the bit period. Either
of these settings will meet the IrDA standard, but fixed 1.6 µs pulses will save power at lower
baud rates.
In addition, there is a choice which affects the output pulse jitter. The default state causes the CS8130 to look for the start bit on TXD. All subsequent LED transitions for that character are timed relative to the internal baud rate clock. Therefore there will be no jitter in the LED out-
put pulse timing. However, the CS8130 now has to be programmed with the desired number of bits per character, which for IrDA compliance, is
8.
Alternatively, the CS8130 can generate output pulses based entirely on individual transitions on TXD, with no knowledge of which bit is the start bit. Thus a 1 to 0 transition will generate a pulse based on that transition edge. If TXD is low for multiple successive bits, then the CS8130 will generate pulses based on its internal clock. Therefore there is the possibility of jitter in the output pulses of N*271 ns. N can be 0, 1
2....., depending on the difference in frequency
between the UART baud rate clock and the CS8130 clock. Clearly, if the CS8130 and its as­sociated UART are running from the same clock, the possibility of jitter is eliminated.
Mode 2 (ASK) Transmit Choices
The modulation frequency is determined by the modulator divider registers. For nominal 500 kHz, use a divide value of 6, which yields a modulation frequency of 527 kHz.
Mode 3 (TV Remote) Transmit Choices
During transmission of IR, the start and stop bits present in the incoming data from the UART are stripped off (see Figure 5). The remaining data bits are then sent out at ~2400 bps. Since there should be no gaps in the transmitted data, the input data is buffered in a 22-character location FIFO. Characters can be received on the TXD pin while the previous characters are being trans­mitted. To prevent overflow, a hardware handshake mechanism is provided. If the FIFO is one character away from being full, the FORM/BSY pin is brought high, indicating that the UART should not send any more data. Once another character has been transmitted, FORM/BSY pin is brought low, indicating to the UART that it is OK to send another character.
8 DS134PP2
CS8130
The modulation frequency is determined by the modulator divider registers. The transmit bit rate is determined by the TV Remote transmit bit rate divider. The UART to CS8130 baud rate must be set to at least 20% faster than the transmit bit rate.
Receive Path
A PIN diode is attached to the PINA and PINC pins. Compensation for the DC ambient light is applied to the photocurrent from the diode. The change in photocurrent from ambient is ampli­fied and compared to a threshold value. If the photocurrent is greater than the set threshold, the output is set to ’light’. If the photocurrent is less than the set threshold, the output is set to ’no light’. The threshold current is programmable. This allows users to make the tradeoff between noise immunity and the reliable transmission dis­tance of the link. The PIN diode amplifier has a bandpass filter characteristic, to limit the effects of IR interference. The resulting logic signal is further qualified, depending on the IR format se­lected.
An autodetect feature is provided. If autodetect mode is enabled, and transmit TV remote mode is disabled, the FORM/BSY output pin indicates
the format of incoming data. If high, then the incoming data is in IrDA/HPSIR format. If low, the data is in ASK format which matches the programmed modulation frequency.
Mode 1 (IrDA) Receive Choices
For Mode 1a, a logic circuit is set to only look for pulse widths of 1.6µs. For Mode 1b, a logic
circuit looks for pulses of 3/16 of the set baud rate bit period. For Mode 1c, a logic circuit
looks for pulse widths of 1.6 µs, but 3/16 of the set baud rate bit period.
Mode 2 (ASK) Receive Choices
For Mode 2, a logic circuit looks for sequences of ’light’ and ’no light’ which matches the ex­pected 500kHz carrier. The modulator divider registers must be set to 6. The ASK receive tim­ing sensitivity register should be set to 0, yielding a valid incoming frequency range of 461 kHz to 614 kHz.
The RXD data transitions will lag behind the in­frared activity by 3 modulation cycles. This allows the modulation detect circuit time to ver­ify the correct modulation frequency.
Start
Bit
10
11
TXD*
TXD*
A
FORM/BSY
1/2400
LED OUTPUT
* TXD Baud rate can be set
from 4800 to 115200 bps
Figure 5. Mode 3 ( TV Remote ) Transmit D ata Form at
DS134PP2 9
00
10
Stop
Bit
01
BC
ON
10
1
001 0011000
ABC
1
1
OFF
CS8130
Mode 3 (TV remote) Receive Choices
The modulation frequency must be set into the modulator divider registers. The tolerance on the expected frequency must be programmed into the Receive ASK Timing Sensitivity (RATS) reg­ister. The RATS register sets the time window that the demodulator will accept for the period of valid data. Since the RATS register specifies time windows which are negative (e.g. 1000b (8)
= +0.27 µs to -4.61 µs), then the modulation frequency must be set to lower than the desired nominal setting. For example, with RATS set to 1000 (8), and the desired nominal frequency be­ing 38 kHz, then set the modulation divider registers to 35.10 kHz. With these settings, the demodulator will accept any frequency from
34.78 kHz to 41.88 kHz as valid. Smaller RATS register settings will result in tighter tolerance on the accepted receive modulation frequency. Changes in the RATS register settings must be accompanied by changes in the modulation fre­quency register to keep the nominal desired frequency in the center of the valid frequency band.
There are two TV remote receive data modes: "oversampled" mode and "programmed T pe­riod" mode. For "oversampled" mode, first choose the UART to CS8130 baud rate, typically
115.2 kbps. Then set the TV remote receive tim-
ing register to a rate which is less than 80% of the UART baud rate. The CS8130 will now start sampling the demodulated infrared data at the TV remote receive sample rate. The stream of samples will be assembled into characters, with a start bit and a stop bit, and will be transmitted to the UART via RXD at the UART baud rate. The system software can then concatenate successive characters and reconstruct the incoming bit stream.
"Programmed T period" mode requires that the bit period of the bursts of modulated carrier be known. This period is programmed into the TV remote receive timing registers. The UART to CS8130 baud rate must be set to at least 20% greater than 1/T. The CS8130 will now use the edges of the demodulated incoming infrared data to indicate each bit state. For continuous periods of low or high, the CS8130 will sample the level in the center of each incoming bit period (using T as the bit period). Any transition will reset the timer that is used for the sampling process, thereby eliminating errors caused by the sample timing being different to the incoming bit period. Characters are assembled and sent to the UART every 8 bits (see Figure 6).
If the T period is not known, it is possible to measure T by using "oversampled" mode, and
1/2400
1
0 1
1
LIGHT INPUT
RXD*
RXD*
*RXD Baud rat e c a n be s et
from 4800 to 115200 bps
Figure 6. Mode 3 (TV remote) Receive Data Format
10 DS134PP2
001110011001 1
1
0110011
8 data bits
Start
Bit
Stop
Bit
0
0
LIGHT NO LIGHT
CS8130
then switch to "programmed T period" mode to reduce processing overhead in the host CPU.
Clock Generation
The primary clock required is 3.6864 MHz. This may be generated by attaching a 3.6864 MHz crystal to the XTALIN and XTALOUT pins. In this case, the EXTCLK pin becomes an output, and may be used to drive external devices. If this is not required, power may be saved by disabling the EXTCLK output. The CLKFR pin should be connected to DGND, which causes the clock cir­cuits to be configured for 3.6864 MHz operation.
The oscillator has a low power mode. This re­duces the internal crystal loading capacitance on XTALOUT and XTALIN. The selection of this mode is via a bit in Control Register #4. Since the loading capacitance is reduced, then the crys­tal frequency will increase by approximately
0.03%.
Alternatively, a 3.6864 MHz clock may be input into the EXTCLK pin, in which case XTALIN must be grounded, and XTALOUT is left float­ing. The CLKFR pin must be connected to DGND.
If only a 1.8432 MHz clock is available, then it may be input into the EXTCLK pin and the CLKFR pin connected to VD+. This causes the CS8130 to double the incoming 1.8432 MHz clock to 3.6864 MHz for internal use. XTALIN must be grounded, and the XTALOUT pin is left floating.
The CS8130 automatically sets the direction of the EXTCLK pin. If the crystal oscillator is run­ning when RESET goes high, then EXTCLK becomes an output. Since the crystal oscillator can take up to 25 ms to start, then it follows that RESET must be held low, with PWRDN high and power applied, for at least 25 ms. If using an
external clock, then RESET low can be short (>1 µs).
Power Down
When the PWRDN pin is brought low, all inter­nal logic is stopped, including the crystal oscillator. The power consumption in power
down mode is very low (<1 µA). When the PWRDN pin is brought high, the crystal oscilla­tor will start. If using the crystal oscillator, allow 25 ms for oscillator start up after bringing PWRDN high, before trying to use the CS8130. The control register status will not be changed by toggling PWRDN.
Control Register #1 allows for individual dis­abling and enabling of the transmit and receive sections of the CS8130.
The CS8130 also goes into power down if both transmit enable and receive enable bits are false, and the D/C pin is brought high. This allows control of power down in a pod environment, where access to the PWRDN pin is difficult. In this mode, it is possible to select, via a control register bit, whether the crystal oscillator remains running, or is powered off. If the oscillator re­mains running, then it consumes power, but offers instant wake up. If the oscillator is pow­ered off, then it consumes no power, but will take 25 ms to start up.
The PWRDN pin must always be ’high’ or ’low’. If this pin is allowed to float, excessive power consumption may occur. All other digital inputs may be allowed to float without causing excessive power consumption in the CS8130 in power down mode.
The RXD and FORM/BSY output pins may be programmed to be high, low or float in power down. This allows maximum flexibility in differ­ent applications.
DS134PP2 11
CS8130
Reset
Bringing the RESET pin low will force the inter­nal logic, including the control registers, into a known state, provided the PWRDN pin is high. RESET is disabled if the PWRDN pin is low. The reset state is given in each register definition table. RESET must be low for >25 ms if using the crystal oscillator (see Clock Generation above).
Control Register Definitions
The various control registers within the CS8130 may be written by setting the D/C pin to low, and sending characters from the UART to the TXD pin. The characters are interpreted as a 4­bit address field and a 4-bit data field, as shown in Figure 7. After the control character is re­ceived and written into the control register, it is optionally echoed back out the RXD pin. The baud rate used for this control mode is whatever is currently set in the baud rate register. If the "load baud rate" bit is written to, then the new baud rate takes effect after the character has been echoed back, if echo is enabled. Otherwise, the new baud rate is effective immediately.
register is always accessible, independent of the state of the shadow bit. The shadow bit must be written to 0 to enable access to registers 0 through 15.
The following tables define the detailed function of all the registers inside the CS8130.
One of the control registers contains a shadow register set enable bit, which effectively becomes the MSB of the 5-bit register address. Hence there are 31 4-bit registers. The shadow bit must be written to a 1 to allow access to the registers with addresses 16 through 31. The shadow bit
Start
Bit
TXD
D/C
RXD
12 DS134PP2
CD0 CD1 CD2 CD3 AD0 AD1
Data Address
AD2
Figure 7. Control Mode Timing
AD3
Stop
Bit
Start
Bit
CD0 CD1 CD2 CD3 AD0
Data Address
AD1
AD2
Stop
Bit
AD3
Control Data Byte Format
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 CD3 CD2 CD1 CD0
CS8130
BIT NAME
AD3-0 Register Address
(4 bits of transmitted address + MSB, which is the shadow (SHDW) bit state [Control Reg #3]. All registers have 4 data bits).
VALUE
0_0000 0_0001 0_0010 0_0011 0_0100 0_0101 0_0110
0_0111 0_1000 0_1001 0_1010 0_1011 0_1100 0_1101
0_1110
0_1111 1_0000 1_0001 1_0010 1_0011 1_0100 1_0101 1_0110
1_0111 1_1000 1_1001 1_1010 1_1011 1_1100 1_1101
1_1110
1_1111
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
FUNCTION
Control register #1 Control register #2 Transmit Mode Register #1 Transmit Mode Register #2 Output Power register Receive Mode register Receive Sensitivity register #1 Receive Sensitivity register #2 Baud Rate Divider register #1 Baud Rate Divider register #2 Modulator Divider register #1 Modulator Divider register #2 Digital Output Pin Control register Control Register #3 Reserved Status register (read only) TV Remote Receive Sample Rate & T Period Divider TV Remote Receive Sample Rate & T Period Divider TV Remote Receive Sample Rate & T Period Divider TV Remote Transmit Bit Rate Divider #1 TV Remote Transmit Bit Rate Divider #2 Control Register #4 Reserved Reserved ASK Receive Timing Sensitivity register Reserved Reserved Reserved CS8130 Revision Level register (Read Only) Reserved R e ser v ed ( R ese t s t o 1111 ; m u s t n o t be c hanged) R e ser v ed ( R ese t s t o 1111 ; m u s t n o t be c hanged)
CD3-0 Control Data Contains control register data.
It is essential that all reserved registers and bits are not changed from their reset state. If reserved bits are changed, then internal test modes may be invoked, which may change some input pins to output pins, and may completely change the definition of some functions and signals. Reserved bits in regis­ters, and reserved registers, may not return a known state when read, and should be ignored. Registers 28 and 15 are read only. Other non-reserved registers are write only. The CS8130 can be set to echo back register write commands to verify correct reception of the control settings.
DS134PP2 13
Register 0, Control Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
ECHO Echo Control
RXEN Receiver Enable 0
TXEN Transmitter Enable 0
ECHO 0 RXEN TXEN
0000
Characters
0 1
1
1
R Do not echo control characters
Echo control characters.
R Receiver disabled
Receiver enabled
R Transmitter disbabled
Transmitter enabled
Register 1, Control Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
0 0 AUTD LODB
0000
CS8130
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
AUTD Receiver auto
detect mode enable
LODB Load Baud Rate
Counter
0 1
0 1
R Auto detect receive format disabled
Auto detect receive format enabled
R Do not load new baud rate count value
Load new baud rate count value
The LODB bit resets to 0 automatically.
14 DS134PP2
Register 2, Transmit Mode Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
DIR Direct Mode Enable 0
TVR TV Remote Mode
PWID Select Pulse Width 0
MODU Select Modulation
DIR TVR PWID MODU
0000
Enable
Method
R Mode 4 Direct access mode disabled
1 0
1
1 0
1
Mode 4 Direct access mode enabled
R Mode 3 TV remote mode disabled
Mode 3 TV remote mode enabled
R
Set pulse width to 1.6 µS Set pulse width to 3/16 of the bit period
R Mode 1 IrDA pulse modulation enabled
Mode 2 Amplitude modulated carrier modulation
Register 3, Transmit Mode Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
0 CHSY BC1 BC0
0110
CS8130
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
CHSY Character/bit
synchronized
BC1-0 Number of bits per
character (only needed if CHSY = 1)
0 1R
00 01 10 11
0 1 2R 3
Bits are transmitted based on TXD bit transitions Bits are transmitted timed from the start bit
6 data bits per character 7 data bits per character 8 data bits per character 9 data bits ( 8 data, 1 parity) per character
Register 4, Output Power Register
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
OP1-0 Output Power Level 00
00OP1OP0
0000
01 10 11
0R 1 2 3
No LED output enabled LED1C output only enabled LED2C output only enabled Both LED1C and LED2C outputs enabled
DS134PP2 15
Register 5, Receive Mode Register
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
RTVR , RMOD, RWID S, RWID L
RTVR RMOD RWIDS RWIDL
0011
Receive Mode 0000
0001 0010 0011
0100 1000 1100
0 1 2 3R
4 8 12
Mode 2 Amplitude modulated carrier mode Mode 1a IRDA - fixed 1.6µs pulse Mode 1b IRDA - variable 3/16 bit cell time pulse Mode 1c IRDA - Any width pulse from 1.6µs to 3/16 bit cell time Mode 4 Direct access mode Mode 3 TV remote mode, oversampling receive Mode 3 TV remote mode, timed bit cell receive All other combinations are reserved
CS8130
Register 6, Receive Sensitivity Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
RS3 RS2 RS1 RS0
0111
Register 7, Receive Sensitivity Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
RS4-0 Receive threshold
000RS4
0000
setting.
00000 00001
"
00111
"
11110
11111
0 1 " 7R " 30 31
7.8 nA nominal receive threshold
15.6 nA nominal receive threshold "
62.5 nA nominal receive threshold "
242.2 nA nominal receive threshold 250 nA nominal receive threshold
Threshold settings of less than 20nA should not be used because background noise will cause the apparent occurrence of constant signal.
16 DS134PP2
Register 8, Baud Rate Divider Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BR3 BR2 BR1 BR0
0111
Register 9, Baud Rate Divider Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
BR7-0 Baud Rate Divider
BR7 BR6 BR5 BR4
0001
Value (BRD). BRD=(3.6864E6/ (16*BR))-1, where BRD = divider value and BR = desired baud rate.
01011111 00101111
00010111
00001011 00001001 00000010 00000001
95 47 23 R 11 5 2 1
2400 bps 4800 bps 9600 bps
19.2 kbps
38.4 kbps
76.8 kbps
115.2 kbps
CS8130
Register 10, Modulator Divider Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
MD3 MD2 MD1 MD0
0110
Register 11, Modulator Divider Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
MD7-0 Modulator Divider
MD7 MD6 MD5 MD4
0000
Value (MD). MD=(3.6864E6/FR)­1, where MD = divider value and FR = desired modulation frequency.
01100000 00000110966R
38 kHz 527kHz
The transmitted modulation frequency will be exact. The receive carrier detection frequency can be slightly different from the programmed frequency (see Receive ASK Carri er Timing Register).
DS134PP2 17
Register 12, Output Pin Control Register
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
RXDT RXD output pin
RXDH RXD output pin
FORT FORM/BSY output
FORH FORM/BSY output
RXDT RXDH FORT FORH
0101
three-state enable
high/low enable
pin three-state enable
pin high/low enable
0 1
0 1R
0 1
0 1R
R In power dow n, RXD will go high or low.
In power down, RXD will float. In power down, RXD will go low, if RXDT = 0
In power down, RXD will go high, if RXDT = 0
R In power dow n, FORM/BSY will go high or low.
In power down, FORM/BSY will float.
In power down, FORM/BSY will go low, if FORT = 0 In power down, FORM/BSY will go high, if FORT = 0
Register 13, Control Regis ter #3
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
0 0 0 SHDW
0000
CS8130
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
SHDW Shadow register set
enable
0 1
R E nable access to registers 0 though 15
Enable access to shadow registers (16 through 31)
Register 15, Status Registe r
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
OSCR Oscillator running
ERR Framing error flag 0
DMOD Detected
0 OSCR ERR DMOD
000
flag
Modulation Type
0 1
1
0 1
Oscillator not running, using external cloc k input, oscillator circuit is powered down. Oscillator running, EXTCLK is an output, if enabled.
R No error
A framing error has occurred since the last read of this bit. Resets after read
R IrD A pulse style data format detected
Amplitude modulated carrier style data format detected
To read this register, write 0000 to address 15. Independent of the setting of the ECHO bit, the CS8130 will transmit the above contents, with an address field of 1111.
18 DS134PP2
Register 16, TV Remote Rece ive Timing Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
TVR3 TVR2 TVR1 TVR0
1111
Register 17, TV Remote Rece ive Timing Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
TVR7 TVR6 TVR5 TVR4
1111
Register 18, TV Remote Rece ive Timing Register #3
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
TVR11-0 TV remote mode
TVR11 TVR10 TVR9 TVR8
0111
000000000000 receiver timing register TVR = (3.6864E6 * T) -1 where T = the incoming bit period, and TVR = this register value.
000000000001
011111111111
111111111111
0 1
2047R
4095
T = 271 ns T = 542 ns
T = 555 µs (1800 bps)
T = 1.11 ms
CS8130
For TV remote receive "oversampled" mode, this register value determines the input data sample rate. The sample rate is 3.6864 MHz divided by this register value. The sample rate should be set to as fast as possible, to give the best resolution on the incoming data edges, but should be less than 80% of the main UART communication baud rate.
For TV remote receive "programmed T period" mode, this register sets the expected incoming bit cell time (T). The main UART communications rate must be set to at least 20% greater than 1/T.
DS134PP2 19
Register 19, TV Remote Transmit Bit Rate Divider Register #1
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
TBR3 TBR2 TBR1 TBR0
1111
Register 20, TV Remote Transmit Bit Rate Divider Register #2
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
TBR7-0 TV remote mode
TBR7 TBR6 TBR5 TBR4
0111
0 1111111 127 R RATE = 1800 bps transmit bit rate register TBR= (3.6864E6/(16*RATE))
-1 where TBR is this register value & RATE is the desired transmit bit rate.
CS8130
Register 21, Control Regis ter #4
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
OSCE Disable crystal
OSCL Set oscillator in low
EXCK Disable external
SRES Software Reset 0
20 DS134PP2
OSCE OSCL EXCK SRES
0000
oscillator in D/ controlled power down state
power mode
clock output driver
C
0 1
0 1
0 1
1
RIn D/
R Oscillator in normal power, high accuracy, mode.
R If crystal is used, enable clock output driver
R Normal operation
C controlled power down state, crystal
oscillator stays running.
C controlled power down state, crystal
In D/ oscillator stops.
Oscillator in low power, medium accuracy mode.
If crystal is used, disable clock output driver (Hi-Z)
Causes a software reset, which forces all registers into their reset state. If ECHO is true, then the echo will occur at the current baud rate, before the baud rate changes to the default value.
Register 24, Receive ASK Timing Sensitivity Register
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
Reset (R)
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
RAT3-0 Receiver ASK
RAT3 RAT2 RAT1 RAT0
0000
Timing Sensitivity. Timing window = +0.27 µs to
-RAT(2/3.6864E06)
- 0.27 µs
0000 0001 0010
1111
0R 1 2
15
+0.27 µs to -0.27 µs window (500 kHz ASK mode) +0.27 µs to -0.54 - 0.27 µs window +0.27 µs to -1.08 - 0.27 µs window
+0.27 µs to -8.14 - 0.27 µs window
The timing window is relative to the modulation divider register nominal setting.
CS8130
Register 28, CS8130 Si licon Revision Register
D3 D2 D1 D0
Register
BIT NAME VALUE FUNCTION
REV3-0 CS8130 silicon
REV3 REV2 REV1 REV0
revision level
0000 1st silic on, designed to meet DS134PP2 data sheet,
dated June 1994
This register should be read by the CS8130 driver to allow CS8130 future enhancements to be recog­nized, and incorporated into future versions of the driver.
DS134PP2 21
CS8130
Grounding & Layout
Grounding and layout for the CS8130 are criti­cal, because of the sensitive nature of the PIN diode amplifier. The CS8130 should be over its own dedicated ground plane. The PIN diode should be very close to the PINA and PINC pins. The PIN diode traces should be very short (< 5 mm), and should be surrounded by ground plane. There should be holes in the ground plane provided for mounting a metal shield over the CS8130 and the PIN diode for EMI shielding. The PIN diode and transmit LEDs should be po­sitioned so as to line up the front optical surfaces of the packages. The optical surface of the PIN diode and transmit LED(s) should be positioned 1cm back from the daylight IR filter window in­side the case of the equipment. This ensures that direct sunlight does not fall upon the top surface of the PIN diode.
Optical Components
TEMIC (Tel: 408 970 5684) provides Telefunken infrared LEDs and PIN diodes which are com­patible with the CS8130. Contact Crystal for details of additional qualified LED and PIN di­ode sources.
Example Application Schematics
Crystal has prepared some example schematics which demonstrate possible uses for the CS8130.
Figure 8 shows a computer or PDA motherboard example, where one UART is used to drive both a wired RS232 COM port and an IR port.
Figure 9 shows a pod schematic. This is an ex­ternal unit which can be plugged into any existing COM port to create an IR port.
An evaluation kit, CDB8130, is available from Crystal. This may be used as an example of the correct layout for the CS8130 and the optical components.
Schematic & Layout Review Service
Confirm Optimum Schematic & Layout Before Building Your Board.
For Our Free Review Service Call Applications Engineering.
Call:(512) 445-7222
22 DS134PP2
TSHA5502
10 µF
BPV23NF
+
47 µF
5.2
5.2
+
+3V
Ω (2)
Ω (2)
10
0.1 µF 812
5
7
6
VA+ VD+
AGND
PINC
PINA
CS8130
1
LED1C
4
LED2C
TGND1 TGND2 DGND
2
F
0.1
µ
XTALIN
RESET
RXD
TXD
D/C
CLKFR
19 17
18
11 13 16 14 15
10 9
EXTCLK
XTALOUT
FORM/BSY
PWRDN
320
+
10 µF
3.6864 MHz
CS8130
+3V
Notes: (1) This circuit has not yet been built and d ebugged. (2) Choice of LED, power consumption and physical positioning will affect R value.
DB9
Serial
Connector
(COM PORT)
6 8 2
1 9
4 7 3 5
0.33 µF
0.33 µF
DSR CTS RXD DCD
RI
DTR
RTS
TXD SG
23 22
21 20
19
18
17
5 2 4 3
CIA­CIA+
CIB-
CIB+
R1IN R2IN R3IN R4IN
R5IN
T1OUT
T2OUT
T3OUT
1
VCC
MAX562
GND
27
+3V
0.33 µF
14
EN
15
SHDN
25
C2+
C2-
R1OUT R2OUT R3OUT R4OUT
R5OUT
T1IN
T2IN
T3IN16
V-
V+
0.68 µF 0.33 µF
0.33
24
6 7
8 9
10
11
12
13
26 28
RS-232/IR
SELECT
F
µ
UART
DSR CTS RXD DCD RI
DTR RTS TXD
UART to both RS232 and IR Port Interface
Motherboard Example Schematic
Steven Harris Crystal Semiconductor 5/26/94
Figure 8. IR and RS232 from 1 UART
DS134PP2 23
10 µF
CS8130
10
+
0.1 µF
0.1
µ
F
+
+3V
10 µF
+3V
0.33 µF
812
5
Ω (2)
Ω (2)
7
6
+3V
1
4
BPV23NF
TSHA5502
+
47 µF
5.5
5.5
Notes: (1) This circuit has not yet been built and debugged. (2) Choice of LED, power consumption and physical positioning will affect R value. (3) The creation of +3V or +5V supply is not included here.
VA+ VD+
AGND
PINC
CS8130
PINA
LED1C
LED2C
TGND1 TGND2 DGN D
2
XTALOUT
FORM/BSY
320
EXTCLK
XTALIN
PWRDN
RXD
TXD
D/C
RESET
CLKFR
19
17
18 13
16 14 15 11
10 9
0.33 µF 0.33 µF
3.6864 MHz
+3V
+3V
5 2
11 12
6 7
8
14 15
1
CIA­CIA+
T1IN
T2IN
R1OUT R2OUT R3OUT
EN SHDN
VCC
MAX562
GND
27
4
CIB-
3
CIB+
25
C2+
C2-
T1OUT T2OUT
R1IN R2IN
R3IN
V-
V+
0.68 µF 0.33 µF
24
18
17 23
22 21
26 28
0.33
RS232 COM PORT to Infra Red Interface
Pod Schematic
Steven Harris
Crystal Semiconductor
5/26/94
µ
F
RXD
2
CTS
8
TXD
3
DTR
4
RTS
7 5
DB9
Serial
Connector
(COM PORT)
Figure 9. Example Pod Schematic
24 DS134PP2
CS8130
LED1 CATHODE LED1C DGND DIGITAL GROUND TRANSMIT GROUND 1 TGND1 EXTCLK EXTERNAL CLOCK TRANSMIT GROUND 2 TGND2 XTALOUT CRYSTAL OUTPUT LED2 CATHODE LED2C XTALIN CRYSTAL INPUT ANALOG GROUND AGND FORM/BSY FORMAT/BUSY PIN DIODE ANODE PINA D/ PIN DIODE CATHODE PINC TXD TRANSMIT DA TA ANALOG SUPPLY VA+ RXD RECEIVE DATA CLOCK FREQUENCY CLKFR VD+ DIGITAL SUPPLY POWER DOWN
PWRDN RESET RESET
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
20 19 18 17 16
15
14
13
12 11
C DATA/CONTROL
Power Supplies
VD+ - Digital Positive Supply.
Digital positive supply voltage. Nominally +3V
VA+ - Analog Positive Supply.
Analog positive supply voltage. Nominally +3V.
DGND - Digital Ground.
Digital ground, 0V, connection.
AGND - Analog Ground.
Analog ground, 0V, connection.
TGND1, TGND2 - Transmitter Grounds.
LED Transmitter grounds, 0V, connections.
Analog Pins
LED1C, LED2C - Transmit LED Cathode.
These pins are connected to the transmit LED cathode via resistors. Appropriate resistor choice allows user setting of LED current options. The anode of the LED is connected to the positive supply.
PINC - Receiver PIN Diode Cathode
Receiver PIN diode cathode.
PINA - Receiver PIN Diode Anode.
Receiver PIN diode anode.
DS134PP2 25
Digital Pins
RXD - Receiver Data Output
Receiver output data. Normally connected to RxD on the UART.
TXD - Transmit Data Input
Transmitter input data. Normally connected to TxD on the UART.
D/C - Data/Control Mode Input
The D/C pin determines whether the input data on TXD is treated as data to be transmitted via the LED, or as control information to set up the CS8130 internal registers. The D/C pin also can act as a power down control.
FORM/BSY - Received Data Format Output/Busy Signal Output
If auto format detect mode is enabled, this pin indicates the format of the incoming data. FORM is low for ASK format data, and high for IRDA/HPSIR format data.
In TV remote data mode (Mode 3), this pin becomes a handshake signal to the UART. FORM/BSY low means OK to send a character. FORM/BSY high means "I am busy, do not send another character".
CS8130
PWRDN - Power Down Control Input
PWRDN low places the CS8130 into a very low power consumption "off" state.
RESET - Reset Input
RESET low places all the internal logic into a known state. All the control register bits are forced high or low, as defined in the register definition section. If the crystal oscillator is in use, then RESET must be held low for >25 ms, with PWRDN high and power applied. If an
external clock is used, then the RESET pulse can be short (>1 µs).
XTALIN, XTALOUT - Crystal Connections
To use the internal oscillator, connect either a 3.6864 MHz or a 1.8432 MHz crystal between XTALOUT and XTALIN. If using an external clock, connect XTALIN to DGND.
EXTCLK - External Clock Input or Output
If no crystal is present on XTALIN and XTALOUT, EXTCLK becomes an input. A
3.6864 MHz or 1.8432 MHz clock should be connected to EXTCLK. XTALIN should be connected to DGND.
If a crystal is present on XTALIN and XTALOUT, EXTCLK becomes an output. EXTCLK will output the same frequency as the crystal. The EXTCLK output driver may be disabled to conserve power.
CLKFR - Clock Frequency Select Input
Tie CLKFR to ground to select a 3.6864 MHz clock. Connect CLKFR to the VD+ pin to select a 1.8432 MHz clock.
26 DS134PP2
20 PIN SSOP 28 PIN SSOP
N
E
132
TOP VIEW
1
D
A
A
2
A
e
1
2
b
Seating
Plane
L
SIDE VIEW
Notes:
1. "D" and "E " are reference datums
1
and do not include mold flash or protrusions, but do include mold mismatch and are measured at the parting line, mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.20mm per side.
2. Dimension b does not include dambar protrusion/intrusion. Allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.13mm total in excess of b dimension at maximum material condition. Dambar intrusion shall not reduce dimension b by more than
0.07mm at least material condition.
3. These dimensions apply to the flat section of the lead between 0.10 and
0.25mm from lead tips.
SSOP Package Dimensions
1
E
1
END VIEW
MILLIMETERS
DIM
MIN NOM MAX
-
A
0.05 0.15 0.25
A
1
1.62 1.75 1.88
A
2
0.22 0.30 0.38
b
see other table
D
7.40 7.80 8.20
E
5.00 5.30 5.60
E
1
0.61 0.65 0.69
e
0.63 0.90 1.03
L
see other table
N
0°4°8°
MILLIMETERS
N
MIN NOM MAX
6.90 7.20 7.50
20
9.90 10.20 10.50
28
INCHES
MIN NOM MAX
-
2.13
-
-
0.002
0.006
0.070
0.064
0.012
0.009
see other table
0.291
0.307
0.197
0.209
0.024
0.026
0.035
0.025
see other table
D
INCHES
MIN NOM MAX
0.272
0.283
0.390 0.402 0.413
0.084
0.010
0.074
0.015
0.323
0.220
0.027
0.040
0.295
Note
2, 3
1
1
Note
1 1
44
Smart
Analog
TM
is a Trademark of Crystal Semiconductor Corporation
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