Circutor TPC2RS User Manual

RS232/485 –TCP/IP converter

TPC2RS

(7 70 029)

Ver. 01A- GB

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2

1: INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................5

1.1 N

ETWORK PROTOCOLS

......................................................................................5

1.1.1 Packing Algorithms................................................................................... 6

1.1.2 Ethernet (MAC) Address............................................................................ 6

1.1.4 Port Number..............................................................................................6

2: INSTALLATION...................................................................................................7

2.1 P

RODUCT DESCRIPTION

.....................................................................................7

2.1.1 Ser ial Int erface..........................................................................................7

2.1.2 Ne twor k Inter f ace......................................................................................7

2.1.3 LEDs.........................................................................................................7

2.1.4 Product Information Label.........................................................................8

2.2 I

NSTALLING THE

TCP2RS.................................................................................. 8

3: GETTING STARTED...........................................................................................9

3.1 D

EFAULT

IP A

DDRESS

.......................................................................................9

3.2 IP A

DDRESS CONFIGURATION

..........................................................................10

3.2.1 Network Port Login (1).............................................................................. 10

3.2.2 Network Port Login (2).............................................................................. 10

3.2.3 Serial Port Login..................................................................................... 11

4: CONFIGURATION............................................................................................. 13

4.1 N

ETWORK CONFIGURATION

.............................................................................13

4.1.1 Using a Web Browser .............................................................................. 13

4.1.2 Using a Telnet Connection.......................................................................14

4.2 S

ERIAL CONFIGURATION

..................................................................................14

4.3 C

ONFIGURATION PARAMETERS

........................................................................14

4.4 S

ERVER CONFIGURATION

.................................................................................16

4.4.1 IP Ad d ress...............................................................................................16

4.4.2 Gateway Address.....................................................................................16

4.4.3 Ne tm a sk .................................................................................................. 16

4.4.4 Telnet Configuration Password................................................................17

4.5 S

ERIAL CHANNEL (PORT

) C

ONFIGURATION

......................................................17

4.5.1 Baud Rate................................................................................................17

4.5.2 Interfac e Mode........................................................................................ 17

4.5.3 Flow Control........................................................................................... 18

4.5.4 Port Number............................................................................................18

4.5.5 Connect Mo d e......................................................................................... 18

4.5.6 Rem o te IP Address ..................................................................................21

4.5.7 Rem o te Port............................................................................................21

4.5.8 Disconnect Mode..................................................................................... 21

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3

4.5.9 Flush Mode (Buffer Flushing).................................................................. 21

4.5.10 Pa ck Contro l.........................................................................................22

4.5.11 Inactivity (Disconnect) Timeout.............................................................23

4.5.12 Send Char a cters.................................................................................... 23

4.5.13 Telnet Terminal Type.............................................................................23

4.5.14 Channel (Port) Password....................................................................... 23

4.6 F

ACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS

..........................................................................24

4.7 E

XIT CONFIGURATION MODE

...........................................................................24

5: USING THE TCP2RS..........................................................................................25

5.1 C

OMM PORT REDIRECTOR

................................................................................25

5.1.1 Red irector Setup...................................................................................... 25

5.1.2 TCP2RS Configuration............................................................................ 25

5.2 M

ONITOR MODE

..............................................................................................26

5.2.1 Via the Serial Port................................................................................... 26

5.2.2 Via the Network ....................................................................................... 26

5.2.3 Monitor Mode Commands........................................................................27

A: CONTACT INFORMATION

...............................................................................29

A.1 P

ROBLEM REPORT PROCEDURE

.......................................................................29

A.2 F

ULL CONTACT INFORMATION

........................................................................30

B: B

INARY TO HEXADECIMAL CONVERSION

............................................................31

C: PINOUTS............................................................................................................32

C.1 E

THERNET CONNECTOR

..................................................................................32

C.2 S

ERIAL CONNECTOR

.......................................................................................32

C.3 S

ERIAL AND ETHERNET WIRES

........................................................................33

Standard Serial Wire.......................................................................................... 33

D: UPDATING FIRMWARE.................................................................................. 35

D.1 O

BTAINING FIRMWARE

...................................................................................35

D.2 R

ELOADING FIRMWARE

..................................................................................35

D.2.1 V

IA

TFTP....................................................................................................35

D.2.2 V

IA ANOTHER DEVICE SERVER

....................................................................36

D.2.3 V

IA THE SERIAL PORT

..................................................................................36

E: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS..................................................................... 38

E.1 CPU, M

EMORY CONTROLLERS

........................................................................38

E.2 S

ERIAL INTERFACE

..........................................................................................38

E.3 N

ETWORK INTERFACE

.....................................................................................38

E.4 P

OWER SUPPLY

...............................................................................................38

E.5 D

IMENSIONS

...................................................................................................38

E.6 E

NVIRONMENTAL LIMITATIONS

.......................................................................38

E.6.1 Temperature............................................................................................38

E.6.2 Altitude ................................................................................................... 39

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4

E.6.3 Relative Humidity....................................................................................39

F: IP ADDRESSING................................................................................................ 40

F.1 C

LASS

A N

ETWORK

.........................................................................................40

F.2 C

LASS

B N

ETWORK

.........................................................................................40

F.3 C

LASS

C N

ETWORK

.........................................................................................41

F.4 C

LASS

D N

ETWORK

.........................................................................................41

F.5 C

LASS

E N

ETWORK

.........................................................................................41

F.6 N

ETWORK ADDRESS

........................................................................................41

F.7 B

ROADCAST ADDRESS

.....................................................................................41

F.8 IP N

ETMASK

...................................................................................................42

F.9 P

RIVATE

IP N

ETWORKS AND TH E INTERNET

.....................................................43

F.10 N

ETWORK

RFCS...........................................................................................43

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5

1: Introduction

The TCP2 RS Device Server connects seria l d evices to Ethernet networ ks using the IP
protocol family (TCP for connection-oriented stream applications and UDP for datagram
applications). A few of the different types of serial devices supported are listed below:

!"

Time/Attendance Clocks and Terminals

!"

ATM Machines

!"

CNC Controllers

!"

Data Collection Devices

!"

Universal Power Supply (UPS) Management Units

!"

Telecommunications Equipment

!"

Data Display Devices

!"

Security Alarms and Access Con trol Devices

!"

Handheld Instruments

!"

Modems

The TCP2 RS connect s these devices through a TC P da ta chann el or th rough a Telnet
connection to comp u ters or an other Device Serv er. Data grams can be sent by UDP.

1.1 Network Protocols

The TCP2RS uses IP protocol for network communications. The supported protocols are
ARP, UDP, TCP, ICMP, Telnet, TFTP, DHCP, HTTP, and SNMP. For connections to
the serial port, TC P, UDP or Telnet protocols are used. Fir mwa re updates can be
performed using TFTP.

The Internet Protocol (IP ) defines addres s i ng, routing, and data block handling over the
network. The Transmi ssi on Control Protocol (TCP) assures tha t no data i s lost or
duplicated, and th at everything sent to the connection arrives correct ly at the targ et.

For typical datagram applications in which devices interact with other devices without
maintaining a point-to-p oi nt connection, User Datagr am Protocol (UDP) is used.

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6

1.1.1 Packing Algorithms

Two software select able packing algor ithms define how and when pa ck ets are sent to the
network. The standard algorithm is optimized for applications in which the TCP2RS is
used in a local environment, allowing for very small delays for single characters while
keeping the pack et cou n t low. The al ternate packing algor ithm mini mizes the packet
count on the network, and is especially usefu l in applications in a routed Wi de Area
Network (WAN). Adjusting parameters in this mode can economize the network data
stream.

1.1.2 Ethernet (MAC) Address

The Eth ernet addr es s is also referred to as the hardware address or the MAC address. The
first three bytes of the Ethernet Address are fixed. The fourth, fifth, and sixth bytes are
unique numbers assigned to each TCP2R S .

Table 1-1:

Sample Ethernet Address

00-20- 4A -1 4- 01-18 or 00: 20 :4A:14:0 1: 18

1.1.3 Internet Protocol (IP)
Address

Every devi ce connected to an IP network must have a uniqu e IP ad dress. This ad dress is
used to reference the specific TCP2RS. See A p p endix F for more information on IP
Addressing.

1.1.4 Port Number

Every TCP connect ion and every UDP datagram is d efined by a desti n ation IP address
and a por t n um ber. For example, a Telnet applicati on commonl y uses port number 23. A
port number is similar to an extension on a PBX system.

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2: Installation

This chapter describes th e TC P 2 RS and shows h ow to install it on a basic n etwork.

2.1 Produc t Description

2.1.1 Serial Interface

The TCP2RS has a serial port that supports RS-232 and RS-485 serial standards
(firmware selectable) up to 115.2 Kbps.

Figure 2-1:

Serial Inte rfa c e

2.1.2 Network Interface

The TCP2 RS’ s contains a reset switch , and an RJ45 ( 1 0Base-T) Ethernet port that
supports up to 10 Mbps.

Figure 2-2:

Network Interface

2.1.3 LEDs

Six LED s ar e loca ted on the top of the unit. The following table explains their functions:

A F
L R

TxB(RS-232)

(RS-485)

RxA(RS-232)

(RS-485)

GND

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Table 2-1:

TCP2RS LEDs

LED

Function

A (Yellow)
Channel 2

If solid, ch annel 2 is idle. If blinking (1 sec cycle), the channel is conne cted

over the network.
F (Red)
Error and
Diagnostic

This LED and LED 2 (Green) together indicate a series of diagnostic patterns.

L (Green)
Network
Link

Active if good li nk.

R (Green)
Channel 1

It di splays the status of channel 1.

If solid, ch annel 1 is idle. If blinking (1 sec cycle), the channel is conne cted

over the network. This LED is also used for diagnostic and error detection

when com bined with LED 1 (Red)
RX,TX

Seri al commun ications.

2.1.4 Product Information Label

A product information label is located on the underside of the TCP2RS, and contains the
following information about your specific unit:

!"

Serial Number

!"

Product ID (name)

!"

Product Description

!"

Ethernet Addr e s s (als o refer red to as Har dwar e A ddress or MAC A ddres s )

2.2 Installing the TCP2RS

The following diagram shows a properly installed TCP2RS.
To install the TCP2 RS, complete the foll owing step s in order. Refer to the n um bers in the

previous figure.

1

Connect a serial device to the TCP2RS.

2

Connect an Ethern et cable to th e 1 0 BAS E-T port.

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9

3

Supply power to the TCP2RS.

Note:

The required input voltage is 220VAC.

4

Supply power to the serial device.

3: Getting Started

This chapter cover s the required steps to g et the TCP2 RS on-line and work ing. Th ere are
two basic methods used to log into the TCP2RS and setup the IP address:

!"

Network Port Login: Make a Telnet connection to the network port (port 9999).

!"

Serial Port Login: Connect a terminal or a P C running a terminal emul ation
progr am directl y to the TCP2RS’s serial port.

It is important to consider the following points before logging into and configuring the
TCP2RS:

!"

The TCP2 RS’ s I P address mu s t be con figur ed before a network connect i on is
available.

!"

Only one person at a time may be logged into the configuration port (port 9999).
This eliminates the possibility of several people simultaneously attempting to
configu re the TC P 2 RS.

!"

Network port logins cannot be disabled. The system manager will always be able
to access t he unit. Howe ver, thi s port can be passw ord protected.

!"

Only one terminal at a time can be connected to the serial port. (In RS-485 mode,
the TCP2RS is capable of multidrop connections.)

3.1 Default IP Address

The TCP2RS ships with a default IP address of 192.168.0.25, if you want to use DHCP
you have to config IP 0.0.0.0 which automatically enables DHCP within the TCP2RS.

Provided a DHCP server exists on the network, it will supply the TCP2RS with an IP
address, gat e way address, and su bnet mask when the TCP2RS boots u p. (If no DHCP
server exists, the TCP2RS will respond with a diagnostic error: the red Diagnostic LED

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10

blinks continuously and the green Status LED blinks five times). This address will not
appear in the TCP2RS’s configuration screens; however, if you enter Monitor Mode from
the serial port with network connection enabled (see Monitor Mode), and issue the NC
command, you will see the TCP2RS’s IP configuration.

3.2 IP Address Configuration

The TCP2 RS’ s I P address mu s t be con figur ed before a network connect i on is availa bl e.
If the IP address was not set automatically via DHCP, set it now using a network or serial
port login and the setup (configuration) menu.

3.2.1 Network Port Login (1)

The easiest way for setting up the IP direction of the TCP2RS converter is using the little
utility called TCP2RSSetup that comes with the converter.

First of all we will write down Ethernet address that comes printed on every device label.
This address is unique and different from other network devices. It’s the hardware
address that every interface has (something like 00-20-4A-61-05-19).

Into the “Extras” disc that comes with the converter, there is an Utility called
TCP2RSSetup. This utility is made for configuring the IP address of the converter. Steps:

1- Star t the program
2- Insert the Hardware address that comes with the converter, and desired IP

address.

3- Click Configurar (This will assign temporarily an IP address to the converter

and opens an internet explor er page for configurin g it)
4- Click Connect and Server Properties
5- Enter desired IP and netmask ans click Update settings

Note: This utility only links IP address with hardware address, but it is not

stored in device’s memory, until we enters into config mode and update
this settings.

3.2.2 Network Port Login (2)

The ARP method is ava ilable under UNI X and Windows-based systems. If the TCP2RS
has no IP a d dress, it wil l s et its addr es s from the fir st directed TCP /IP packet it r eceives.

1

On a UNIX host, cr eate an entr y in the host’s ARP table using the inten d ed I P

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11

address and the hardwa re ad dress of t he TCP2RS, which is found on the product
label.

Figure 3-1:

ARP on UNIX

arp -s 19 1.12.3.77 00:20:4a:xx:xx:xx

In order for the ARP command to work on Windows, th e ARP table on the PC must
have at least on e IP addr e s s defined other th a n its own. If the ARP tabl e is empty, the
comma nd w ill return an erro r message. Type

ARP -A

at the DOS command prompt to

verify that there is at least one entry in the ARP table.
If the local machine is the only entry, ping another IP address on your network to build a

new entry in the ARP table; the I P address mus t be a h ost ot her than the machin e on
which you are workin g. Once ther e is at least on e ad d itional en try in the ARP table, use
the following command to ARP an IP address to the TCP2RS:

Figure 3-2:

ARP on Windows

arp -s 19 1.12.3.77 00-20-4a-xx-xx-xx

2

Now open a Telnet connection to port 1. The connection will fail quickly, but the
TCP2RS will temporarily change its IP address to the one designated in this step.

Figure 3-3:

telnet 191.12.3.77 1

Telnet to Port 1

3

Finally, open a Telnet connection to port 9999 and set all required parameters.

Figure 3-4:

Telnet to Port 9999

telne t 191.12.3.77 9999

Note:

This IP address is temporary and will revert to the default value
when the TCP2RS’s power is reset, unless you log into the TCP2RS
and store the changes permanently. Refer to Chapter 4 for
instructions on permanently configuring the IP address.

3.2.3 Serial Port Login

1

Connect a console t er minal or PC runn ing a terminal emulation progr am to the
TCP2RS’s serial port. The default serial port settings are 9600 baud, 8 bits, no
parity, 1 stop bit.

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12

2

To ent er Setup (con figuration) Mode, c ycle t he TCP2RS’s po wer (power of f and
back on) . A ft er power-up the self-test begins and th e red D iag nostic LED starts
blin king. You have on e s econd to ent er th ree lowercase "x" char acters.

Note:

The easiest way to enter Setup Mode is to hold down the “x” key at
the terminal (or emulation) while powering up the TCP2RS.

3

Select 0 (Server Config urat ion) and follow th e prompts until you get to IP a ddres s.

4

Enter the new IP address.

5

Select 9 to save the configuration and exit Setup Mode.
The TCP2RS performs a power reset.

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4: Configuration

Cer t ain parameters must be c onfig ured be fore the TCP2RS can func tion on a net work.
The TCP2 RS can be local ly or remotely configured using the following proced u res:

!"

Use a standard Web brows er to access the TCP2RS’s intern al Web p ages and
configu re the unit over the net work. Thi s i s the easiest an d preferr ed m ethod.

!"

Use a Telnet connection to con figure the unit over the network.

!"

Use a term inal or terminal emulation program to acces s the seria l p ort locall y.

The TCP2RS’s configuration is stored in nonvolatile memory (NVRam) and is retained
withou t power. Th e configuration can be changed at an y time. The TCP2 RS p er forms a
reset after the configuration has been changed and stored

.

4.1 Network Configuration

4.1.1 Using a Web Browser

If your TC P 2 RS already has an IP address ( s ee Chapter 3, Getting Started), you can log
into it using a standard Web browser with Java enabled.

1

Type the TCP2RS’s IP addr ess into th e Web browser’s URL (Addr ess/ Loca t ion)
field.

Once you have connected to the TCP2RS, you will see the device Web Manager
interface.

2

Select Connect to login and gain access to the configuration menu.

3

Use th e men u t o n avigate to subp ages where you can confi gure server setting s .

Figure 4-1:

Web Manager Interface

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14

4.1.2 Using a Telnet Connection

To configure the TCP2RS over the network, establish a Telnet connection to port 9999.
For Win d ows, op en an MS-DO S com mand window and enter the following command,
where x.x .x.x is the I P addres s and 9 999 is the TCP 2RS’s fixed network console p ort
number.

Figure 4-2:

Telne t x.x.x.x 9999

Network Login Using Telnet

Note:

Be sure to include a space between the IP address and 9999.

4.2 Serial Configuration

For loca l configuration, a ter minal or a PC running a terminal emul ation program can be
connected to th e TC P 2 RS’ s s er ial port. Th e terminal ( or emulation) should be configured
for 9600 ba ud, 8-bit, n o pa rity, 1 stop bit an d without flow control.

To ent er Setup (con figuration) Mode, c ycle t he TCP2RS’s po wer (power of f and back
on). Aft er power-u p , the self-test begin s and the Diagnostic and Status LEDs start
blinking. You must enter three lowercase "x" characters (xxx) within one second aft er
powering up in order to start the configuration mode.

Note:

The easiest way to enter Setup Mode is to hold down the "x" key on
your keyboard while powering up the TCP2RS.

4.3 Configuration Parameters

After entering Setup Mode (confirm by typing Enter), you can configur e th e parameters
by entering one of th e numbers on the Change Set up Menu, or you can confirm default

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15

values by typing Enter. Be sure to st ore the new config urations when you are finished.
The TCP2RS will then perform a power reset.

Figure 4-3:

Setup (Configuration) Mode Screen

*** Circ ut or ***
Serial Number 1400280 MAC address 00:20:4A:14:01:18
Software Version 04.5 (000428)
Press En te r to go in to Setup Mod e

*** basi c pa ra me ters
Hardwa re : Et he rnet Autod et ect
IP addr 19 2. 16 8. 011.141, no ga teway set

****** ** ** ** ***** Chan ne l 1 ******** ** *******
Baudrate 09600, I/F Mode 4C, Flow 00
Port 10001
Remote IP Adr: --- none ---, Port 00000
Connec t Mo de : C0 Discon n Mo de : 00
Flush Mode : 00

Change Setup: 0 Server con fi gu ration
1 Channe l 1 co nf ig uration
7 Factor y de fa ul ts
8 Exit with out save
9 Save and exit Your choice ?

Setup Options:

0 Server Configuration

IP Address: (192).(168).(000).(030)
Set Gateway IP Address (N) N
Netmask : Numb e r of Bits for Host Part (0 =default) (08 )
Change telnet config password (N) N

1 Channel 1 Configuration

Baudrate (9600)
I/F Mode (4C) ?
Flow (00) ?
Port No (10001) ?
ConnectMode (C0) ?
Remote IP Address : (000).(000).(000).(000)
Remote Port (00000) ?
DisConnMode (00) ?
FlushMode (00) ?
DisConnTime (00 :00) ?
SendChar 1 (00) ?
SendChar 2 (00) ?

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16

7 Factory defaults

Disable Telnet Setup (N) N
Disable TFTP firmware upda te (N) N
Disable Port 77Feh (N) N
Disable web setup (N) N
Enable enhanced password (N) N

8 Exit without save
9 Save and exit

4.4 Server Configuration

Select 0 to config ure the TCP2RS’s basic p arameters.

4.4.1 IP Address

The IP address must be set to a unique value in your network. See Appendix F for more
information about IP Addressing.

Note:

The TCP2RS cannot connect to the network if the assigned IP
address is already in use by another device.

4.4.2 Gateway Address

The gateway address, or router, allows communication to other LAN segments. The
gateway address should be th e I P ad dress of the router conn ect ed to the same LAN
segment as the TCP 2 RS.

Note:

The gateway address must be within the local network.

4.4.3 Netmask

A net m ask d e fines the number of bits taken from the IP address t hat are assigned for th e
host section.

Note:

Class A: 24 bits; Class B: 16 bits; Class C: 8 bits.

The TCP2 RS prompts for the number of host bits t o be en tered, then calcula tes the
netmask, which is displayed in standard decimal-dot notation when the saved parameters
are displayed (for example, 255.255.255.0).

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4.4.4 Telnet Configuration Password

Setting the Teln et configur ation pa ss wor d prevent s un authorized access of the setup
menu via a Telnet connection to port 9999. The password is limited to 4 characters.

Note:

No password is required to access the setup menu via a serial
connection.

4.5 Serial Channel (Port) Configuration

Select 1 to config ure the TCP2RS’s channel-specific para meters.

4.5.1 Baud Rate

The TCP2 RS and attached serial device, such as a modem, must agree on a s p eed or ba u d
rate to use for the serial connection. Valid baud rates are 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800,
9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115200 bits per second.

4.5.2 Interface Mode

The Interface (I/F) Mode is a bit-coded byte entered in hexadecimal notation.

Table 4-1:

Interface Mode Options

Option

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

RS-232C 0 0
RS-485 0 1
RS-485 2-wire 1 1
7 Bit 1 0
8 Bit 1 1
No Parity 0 0
Even Parity 1 1
Odd Parity 0 1
1 Stop bit 0 1
2 Stop bits

1 1

The following table demonstrates how to build some common Interface Mode settings:

Table 4-2:

Common Interface Mode Settings

Option

Binary

Hex

RS-232C, 8-bit, No Parity, 1 stop bit

0100 1100 4C

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18

RS-232C, 7-bit, Even Parity, 1 stop bit

0111 1000 78

RS-485 2-Wire, 8-bit, No Parity, 1 stop bit

0100 1111 4F

Note:

See Appendix B for more information on converting binary values to
hexadecimal format.

4.5.3 Flow Control

Flow control sets the local handshake method for stopping serial input/output. Generally,
flow control is not required if the connection is used to pass a blocked protocol with
block sizes less than 1k (ACK/NAK).

Table 4-3:

Flow Control Options

Option

Hex

No flow control 00
XON/XOFF flow control 01
Hardware handshake with RTS/CTS lines 02
XON/XOFF pass charact er s t o host

05

4.5.4 Port Number

The setting represents the source por t n umber in TCP connection s, an d i s th e number
used to identify the channel for remote initiating connections. Range: 1-65535.

Note:

Port numbers 0, 7, and 9999 are reserved. Port numbers 14000­14009 are reserved for use with the Comm Port Redirector
application (see Comm Port Redirector on page 5-1).

If the UDP mod e is selected , the port n um ber functions as the UDP source port n umber
for outgoing datagrams. Datagrams sent to the TCP2RS with this port number are
received to this channel.

4.5.5 Connect Mode

Connect Mode defines how the TCP2RS makes a connection, and how it reacts to
incomi n g connect i ons over the n etwork.

Table 4-4:

Connect Mode Options

Option

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

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19

Incoming Connection

Never accept incoming 0 0 0
Accept incoming with DTR 0 1 0
Accept unconditional 1 1 0

Response

Nothing (quiet) 0
Character response (C=conn,
D=disconn, N=unreachable)

1

Startup

No active startup 0 0 0 0
With any character 0 0 0 1
With active DTR 0 0 1 0
With CR (0x0D) only 0 0 1 1
Manual connection 0 1 0 0
Autostart 0 1 0 1

Datagram Type

Directed UDP 1 1 0 0

Modem Mode

With Echo 1 0 1 1 0
Without Echo

0 0 1 1 0

Note:

See Appendix B for information on converting binary values to
hexadecimal format.

4.5.5.1 Manual Connection

If manual connection startup is configured (C + address/port), only the port ion not
provided in the command string is used. In manual mode, the last byte of the address
must be provided.

For exa mp le, if the TCP 2 RS’ s configur ed r emote IP addr es s is 1 2 9.1.2.3 and the TCP
port number is 1234:

Table 4-5:

Manual Connection Address Example

Command String Result

C121.2.4.5/1 Complete override; connection is started with host

121.2.4.5, port

1

C5 Connect to 129.1.2.5, port 1234
C28.10/12 Connect to 129.1.28.10, port 12

4.5.5.2 Autostart (Automatic Connection)

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20

For the serial port, automatic TCP connection to a network node can be configured by
setting the remote IP address and the TCP port number parameters. If automatic
connection is selected, all parameters must be provided.

4.5.5.3 Datagram Type

When selecting this option, you will be prompted for the Datagram type. Enter 01 for
direct ed UDP.

4.5.5.4 Modem (Emulation) Mode

In Modem M ode, the TCP 2 RS presents a modem inter face to the att ached seri al device.
It accept s AT-style mod em comman d s , an d handles the modem sign als corr ectly.

Normally there is a modem connect ed to a local PC and a modem conn ected to a remot e
machine. A user must dial from the local PC t o the remote mach ine, accumulatin g phone
char g es for each connection. Mod em Mode allows you to replace modems wi th TCP2RS,
and to use an Ethernet connect ion instea d of a phone call, without having to change
communications applications and make potentially expensive phone calls.

Note:

If the TCP2RS is in Modem Mode and the serial port is idle, the
TCP2RS can still accept network TCP connections to the serial port
if Connect Mode is set to C6 (no echo) or D6 (echo).

Modem Mode is selected by setting the connect mode to 06 (no echo) or 16 (echo).

Table 4-6:

Modem Mode Commands

Command

Function

ATDTx.x.x.x,pppp or
ATDTx.x.x.x/pppp

Makes a connection to an IP address (x.x.x.x) and a remote port
number (pppp).

ATDTx.x.x.x Makes a connection to an IP address (x.x.x.x) and the remote port

number defined within the

TCP2RS

.

ATD0.0.0.0

Forces the

TCP2RS

into mo n itor mo d e if a remote IP address and

port number are defined within the

TCP2RS

.

ATD

Forces the

TCP2RS

into mo n itor mo d e if a remote IP address and

port number

are not

defin e d within the

TCP2RS

.

ATDx.x.x.x Makes a connection to an IP address (x.x.x.x) and the remote port

number defined within the

TCP2RS

.

ATH

Hangs up the connection (Entered as

+++ATH

).

Note:

All other AT comm ands with Mo dem Mode set to 16 acknowledge
with an OK, but no action is taken.

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 21/43

21

4.5.6 Remote IP Address

Selecting Autostart (automatic connection) in Connect Mode makes a connection to this
IP address on the network. This is the destination IP address used with an outgoing
connection.

4.5.7 Remote Port

The remote TCP port number must be set to use automatic connections. This parameter
define s the po r t n umber on the target hos t to which a connection is attemp ted.

Note:

To connect an ASCII terminal to a host using the TCP2RS for login
purposes, use the remote port number 23 (Internet standard port
number for Telnet service s).

4.5.8 Disconnect Mode

In Disconnect M ode, DTR drop either drops the connec tion or is ignored .

Table 4-7:

Disconnect Mode Options

Option

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Disconnect with DTR drop 1
Ignore DTR 0
Telnet mode and terminal type setup 1
Channel ( port) pa ssword

1

Note:

See Appendix B for information on converting binary values to
hexadecimal format.

4.5.9 Flush Mode (Buffer Flushing)

Using this parameter, you can control line handling and network buffers with connection
startup and disconnect. You can also select between two different packing algori th ms.

Table 4-8:

Flush Mode Options

Function

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Input Buffer (Serial to Network)

Clear active connection (from serial) 1
Clear passive connection (from network) 1
Clear at disconnect 1

Output Buffer (N etwor k to Serial)

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 22/43

22

Clear active connection (from network) 1
Clear passive connection (from serial) 1
Clear at disconnect 1

Alternate Pack ing Algorithm

Enable

1

Note:

See Appendix B for information on converting binary values to
hexadecimal format.

4.5.10 Pack Control

Alternate packing algorithm settings are enabled in Flush Mode. Set this value to 00 if
specific funct i ons are not need ed .

Table 4-9:

Pack Control Options

Option

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Idle Time

Force transmit: 12ms 0 0

Force transmit: 52ms 0 1

Force transmit: 250ms 1 0

Force transmit: 5sec 1 1

Trailing Characters

None 0 0

One 0 1

Two 1 0

Send Characters

Enable 1

Send Immediately After Sendchars

1

Note:

See Appendix B for information on converting binary values to
hexadecimal format.

4.5.10.1 Idle Time

Idle time to "Force transmit" defines how long the TCP2RS should wait before sending
accumulated characters, regardless of the recognition of send characters.

4.5.10.2 Trailing Characters

In some applications, CRC, Checksum, or other trailing characters follow the end-of­sequen ce charact er; this opt ion helps to adapt frame transmiss ion to the frame boundary.

4.5.10.3 Send Characters

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 23/43

23

If send characters are enabled, the TCP2 RS interprets the sendchars as a 2- byte sequence;
if not set, they are interpreted independently.

If "Send Immediately After Characters" is not set, an y characters already in the serial
buffer are included in the transmission after a “transmit” condition is found. If set, the
TCP2RS sends immediately after recognizing the transmit condition (sendchar or
timeout).

Note:

A transmission might occur if status information needs to be
exchanged or an acknowledgment needs to be sent.

4.5.11 Inactivity (Disconnect) Timeout

Use this parameter to set an inactivity timeout. The connection is dropped if there is no
activity on the serial line before the set time expires. Enter time in the following format:
mm:ss, where "m" is the number of minutes and "s" is the number of seconds. To disable
the inactivity timeout, enter 00:00.

4.5.12 Send Characters

You can enter up to two characters in hexadecimal representation in the parameters
“sendchar”. I f a character r eceived on th e s er ial line matches one of th ese characters, it is
sent immediately, along with any awaiting characters, to the TCP connection. This
minimiz e s t he response time for spec ific p rotocol cha ract e rs on the seri al lin e (for
examp le, ETX, EOT, etc.). Sett in g th e first send ch ar to 00 disables the recognition of the
characters.

Alternatively, the two ch ar acters can be interpr eted as a sequence (see Pack C ontrol on
page 4-11).

4.5.13 Telnet Termi nal Type

This parameter appears only if the terminal type option is enabled in Disconnect Mode
(see Disconnect M od e) . If set, you can use the ter minal nam e for the Telnet terminal
type. Enter only one name.

If the terminal type option is enabled, TCP2RS also reacts to the EOR (end of record)
and binary options, which can be used for applications like terminal emulation to IBM
hosts.

4.5.14 Channel (Port) Password

This parameter appears only if the channel (port) password option is enabled in
Disconnect Mode (see Disconnect Mode). If set, you can set a password on the serial

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 24/43

24

port.

4.6 Factory Default Settings

Select 7 to reset the TCP2RS’s s er ial port t o the factor y default set tings. Th e s er ver
configurations remain unchange d.

4.7 Exit Configuration Mode

Select 8 to exit the configur ation mode without saving any chan ges, or sel ect 9 to exit
and save all changes. All values are stored in nonvolatile memory, and the TCP2RS
resets.

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 25/43

25

5: Using the TCP2RS

5.1 Comm Port Re director

The Comm Port Redirector application allows PCs to share modems and other serial
devices connected to a TCP2RS using Windows-based applications. The Comm Port
Redirector int ercepts communica tions to speci fi ed COM ports and sends them over an IP
network connection to the TCP2RS’s serial port. This enables the PC to use the
TCP2RS’s serial port as if it were one of the PC’s COM ports. Using their existing
communications software, users can dial out to a remote host through a modem
connected to th e TC P 2 RS.

5.1.1 Redirector Setup

To setup the Comm Port Redirector software:

1

Install the Redir ector soft ware. The soft wa re and installati on instructions are
included on the distribution discs.

2

In the Redi rector ’ s configuration screen , select Por t S etup and add as many COM
ports as you need (for exa mple, one for each TCP2RS).

3

Under each port, select Add IP an d en ter the IP ad dress (Host) of the TCP2RS
that you want to assign to that port, and a number between 3000 and 3009
(TCPPort).

Note:

Remember the TCPPort number. You will need it to configure the
TCP2RS.

4

Save the configurations and reboot your PC.

5.1.2 TCP2RS Configuration

The following proced u re should be repeated for each TCP 2 RS d efi ned in the Red irector
setup, above.

1

Enter the TCP2RS’s Setup (configuration) Mode (see Chapter 4).

2

Set the Port Number to a value that is 11000 higher than the TCPPort number
selected in the Redirector setup, above (for example, if the TCPPort number wa s
3005, set the TCP2RS’s Port Number to 14005).

3

Save the configurations and exit Setup Mode.

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 26/43

26

Note:

When using the Redirector, the TCP2RS does not change its serial
port configuration to match the PC application’s serial settings.
Ensure that the TCP2RS serial port’s configuration matches the
configuration of your serial device.

5.2 Monitor Mode

Monitor Mode is a command-lin e interface us ed for diagn ost ic purposes ( see Table 5- 1 :
Monitor Mode Commands). There are two ways to enter Monitor Mode: locally via the
serial port or remo tely via the ne twork.

5.2.1 Via the Serial Port

To enter Monitor Mode locally:

1

Follow the same principals used in setting the serial configuration parameters (see
Serial Configu ration).

Instead of typing three "x" keys, however, type xx1 to enter Monitor Mode with
network connections.

Type xx2 or yyy to enter Monitor Mode without network connections.

2

A 0> prompt in d icates th at you have successfully entere d Mon itor Mode.

5.2.2 Via the Network

To enter Monitor Mode using a Telnet connection:

1

First establish a Telnet session. The following message appears:

Figure 5-1:

Entering Monitor Mode Via the Network

*** Circ ut or ***
Serial Number 1400280 MAC address 00:20:4A:14:01:18
Software Version 04.0b7 (000428)
Press En te r to go in to Setup Mod e

2

Type M (upper case).

3

A 0> prompt in d icates th at you have successfully entere d Mon itor Mode.

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 27/43

27

5.2.3 Monitor Mode Commands

The following com mands are ava ilable in Monitor Mode. Many commands have an IP
address as an optional parameter (x.x.x.x). If the IP address is given, the command is
appli ed to another Devi ce Server wit h th at IP addr ess . I f n o IP a d dress is given, the
command is executed locally.

Note:

All commands must be given in capital letters, with blank spaces
between the parameters.

Table 5-1:

Monitor Mode Commands

Command

Command Name

Function

DL Download Download firmwar e to the TCP2 RS
SF x.x.x.x Send Firmware Send firmware to Device Server with IP

add r ess x. x.x.x

VS x.x.x.x Version Query software hea der record (16-by te) of

Device Ser ver with IP address x.x.x.x

GC x.x.x.x Get Configuration Get configuration of Device Server with IP

add ress x. x.x.x as hex records

SC x.x.x.x Send Configuration Set configuration of Device Server with IP

add ress x. x.x.x from he x records

PI x.x.x.x Ping Ping Device Server with IP address x.x.x.x to

check device status
AT ARP Table Sho w the TCP 2RS ’ s ARP table en tries
TT T C P Connection Table Shows al l i ncoming and ou tgoin g T C P con-

nections (used only with monitor mode)
NC Network Connection Shows the TCP2RS’s IP configuration
RS Reset Resets the TCP2RS’s power
SI x.x.x.x:n.n.n.n Send/Set IP Address Remotely assign an IP address to a Device

Server, where x.x.x.x is the new IP address

and n.n.n.n is the remote Dev ic e Serv er’s

serial n u mber written tw ice
QU

Quit Exit diagnostics mode

Entering any of the commands listed above will generate one of the following command
response codes:

Table E-2:

Command Response Codes

Response Meaning

0> OK; no error
1> No answer from remote device
2> Cannot reach remote dev ic e or no answer

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 28/43

28

8> Wrong parameter(s)
9>

Invalid command

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 29/43

29

A: Contact Information

If you are experiencing an err or th at is not lis ted in Append ix B, or if you are un able to
fix the error, ther e are a number of other t roubl e s hooting op tion s :

!"

Look on the discs that were included in your package for additional documentation
and support information

!"

Look on the Circutor Web site for technical FAQs and documentation updates.

!"

For information pertaining to your system’s configuration, refer to your system’s
documentation or technical support. For example, for specific questions about the
Microsoft Windows Operating System, refer to the Microsoft Knowledge Base
Web site at www.support.microsoft.com/directory.

!"

Contact your dealer or Circutor Technical Support at [phone]. Technical
Support is also available via Internet email at [e-mail].

A.1 Problem Report Procedure

When you r e port a problem , pl ease provide t he following in format ion:

!"

Your name

!"

Your comp any name, address, and phone number

!"

Produc t model number

!"

Serial number

!"

Software version

!"

Network configuration

!"

Description of t he problem

!"

Debug report (stack dump), if applicable

!"

Stat u s of the unit when the problem occurred (please try to i n clude in formation on
user and ne twork activity at t he tim e of t he pr oblem)

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 30/43

30

A.2 Full Contact Information

Address: Lepanto, 49 08223 TERRASSA (Barcelona) - SPAIN
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail: [e-mail]

World Wide Web: http://www.ci rcutor.com

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 31/43

31

B: Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion

Many of the TCP2RS’s configuration proced u res req uire you to a s semble a series of
options (represented as bits) into a complete command (represented as a byte). The
resulting binary value mu s t be converted to a hexadecimal representat ion.

Hexadecimal digits have values ranging from 0 to F, which are represented as 0-9, A (for

10), B (for 11), etc. To convert a binary value (for example, 0010 0011) to a hexadecimal
representation, the upper and lower four bits are treated separately, resulting in a two­digit hexadecimal number (in this case, 4C).

Use the following table to convert values from binary to hexadecimal.

Table B-1:

Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion Table

Decimal Binary Hex

0 0000 0
1 0001 1
2 0010 2
3 0011 3
4 0100 4
5 0101 5
6 0110 6
7 0111 7
8 1000 8
9 1001 9
10 1010 A
11 1011 B
12 1100 C
13 1101 D
14 1110 E
15

1111 F

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 32/43

32

C: Pinouts

Figure 1:

General Diagram

R
F

A
L

Solid: Channel 2 inactiv e
Blinking: Channel connected over the net
Diagnostic indicator
Connection ind icator
Solid: Channel 1 inactive
Blinking: Channel connected over the net
Diagnostic indicator

Jumper

RS-232/RS-485

~

RS-485

RS-232

Rx
Tx

Data reception indicator
Data transmit indicator

TxB(RS-232)

(RS-485)

RxA(RS-232)

(RS-485)

GND

18

1
2
3
6

Tx+
Tx­Rx+
Rx-

220V a.c.

+

-

C.1 Ethernet Connector

Figure 2:

Network Interface

C.2 Serial Connector

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 33/43

33

5
4
3
2
1

9
8
7
6

Figure 3:

Serial Interface

C.3 Serial and Ethernet Wires
Standard Serial Wire

Connections diagram of an standard serial wire for connecting any RS-232 serial device
to the TCP2RS.

Figure 4:

Serial wire with male connector

Figure 5:

Serial wire with female

connector

Standard Ethe rnet Wire

Connections d iagram, of a Cat. 5 Ethernet wire, for connectin g any Eth ernet device
(like TCP2RS) to a HUB.

(We will connect each wire ends with the same colours configuration, trying to
take pins 1 and 2 (ex. Orange - Orange/White) and pins 3 and 6 (ex. Green –
Green/White) like a twisted pair)

Example:

TxB(RS-232)

(RS-485)

RxA(RS-232)

(RS-485)

GND

1
2
3
4
5

6
7
8
9

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 34/43

34

1
2

4
5

6
7
8

1
2

4
5
6
7

8

1

2
4

5

6
7
8

1
2

4
5
6
7

8

Direct Ethernet Wire

Connect i ons Diagr am of a C at . 5 Eth ern et wir e for connecting an y Eth ern et devi ce
(like TCP2RS) directly to another like a PC.

(What we have to do is to take the transmission wires of one end, and link it with
the r eception pins of th e other end. Pin s 1 and 2 are for tr ansmiss ion, and pins 3
and 6 for reception. We will connect 1 and 2 of one end (ex. Orange –
Orange/White) with 3 and 6 of the other en d, and 3 and 6 of the first end (ex.
Green – Green/White) with pins 1 and 2 of the other end). We ha to try to take a
twisted p air for transmissi on an d another for reception.

Example:

WIRE END 1 WIRE END 2

1- Orange 1- Green
2- Orange/White 2- Green/White
3- Green 3- Orange
4- Blue 4- Blue
5- Blue/White 5- Blue/White
6- Green/White 6- Orange/White
7- Brown 7- Brown
8- Brown White 8- Brown/White

1- Orange 5- Blue/White
2- Orange/White 6- Green/White
3- Green 7- Brown
4- Blue 8- Brown/White

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 35/43

35

D: Updating Firmware

D.1 Obtaining Firmware

Curren t firmwar e fi les are available on the distribu tion CD. Fir mware upda tes and relea se
not e s for the TCP2 RS can be d ownl oaded direc tly from Circutor via the Circutor W orld
Wide Web site (www.circutor.com/tcp2rs.htm).

D.2 Reloading Firmware

There are three ways to update the TCP2RS’s internal operational code (LTX*.ROM or
LTX*. HEX ) : via TFTP, via another d evi ce server, or via the serial port.

You can also update the TCP2RS’s internal Web interface (LTXW*.COB) via TFTP.

D.2.1 Via TFTP

To d o wnl oad new firm ware from a computer:

1

Use a TFTP client to send a binary file to the TCP2RS (LTX*.ROM to upgrade
the TCP2RS’s internal operational code and LTXW*.COB to upgrade its internal
Web int erface).

Note:

TFTP requires the .ROM (bina r y) version of the TC P 2RS’s i nter nal
operational code.

A

Incl ud e the full path in the Source File.

B

The Destination File is 3Q (upper case) for the internal operational code and
WEB1 for the int ern al Web interface.

C

Remote Host is the IP address of the unit being upgraded.

D

Select Put to transfer th e file to the TCP 2 RS.

Figure D-1:

TFTP Dialog Box

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 36/43

36

2

If you don’ t have a graph ical tftp program, you ca n upload the firm ware us i ng

tftp.exe program that comes with any windows 2000 or NT.
tftp –i 192.168.0.25 put circutor.cob WEB1
tftp –i 192.168.0.25 put ltx455.rom 3Q

3

The TCP2RS performs a power reset after the configuration has been changed and
stored

.

D.2.2 Via Another Device Server

To distribute firmware to a nother Device Server ove r th e network:

1

Enter the host TCP2RS’s Monit or Mode (see Moni t or Mode).

2

Send th e firmware t o the receiving Device Server using the SF command, where
x.x.x .x is the receivi ng Device Server’s I P ad dress.

Figure D-2:

Sending Firmware to Another Device Server

SF x.x.x.x

3

The TCP2RS performs a power reset after the configuration has been changed and
stored

.

Note:

You can only update the TCP2RS’s internal Web interface using
TFTP.

D.2.3 Via the Serial Port

To download firmware from a computer via the TCP2RS’s serial port:

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 37/43

37

1

Enter Monitor Mode (see Monitor Mode on page 5-2).

2

Downl oa d the firmwar e to the TCP2 RS u s in g the DL command.

A

Select Send Text File and select the LTX*.HEX file to be downloaded.

Note:

The downloaded file must be the .HEX (ASCII) version.

3

After the final record is recei v ed , the TCP2RS checks the integrity of the firmware
image bef ore programming the new firmwa re in the flas h ROM.

Note:

Do not switch off the power supply at this time. A loss of power
while reprogramming will result in a corrupt program image and a
nonfunctional TCP2RS. This process may take up to 10 minutes.

4

The following message displays when the firmware upgrade is complete.

Figure D-3:

Firmware Upgrade Screen Display

*** NodeSet 2.0 ***
0>DL
02049 lines loaded.
Max Address FFE0
Loading EEPROM ...

5

The TCP2RS performs a power reset after the configuration has been changed and
stored

.

Note:

You can only update the TCP2RS’s internal Web interface using
TFTP.

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 38/43

38

E: Technical Specifications

E.1 CPU, Memory Controllers

!"

AMD 188ES CPU, 25MHz

!"

Realtek Ethernet Controller

!"

128kByte RAM, 512kByte Flash PROM

E.2 Serial Interface

!"

Speed software selectable (300 to 115 kBaud)

!"

Software selectable RS-232C or RS-485

E.3 Network Interface

!"

10Base-T (RJ45 connector)

E.4 Power Supply

!"

Internal

!"

230VAC

E.5 Dimensions

!"

Height: 5.2 cm

!"

Width: 7.0 cm

!"

Depth: 4.5 cm

E.6 Environmental Limitations
E.6.1 Temperature

!"

Operating range: 5° to 50° C (41° to 122° F)

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 39/43

39

!"

Storage range: -40° to 66° C (-40° to 151° F)

!"

Maximum temperature change per hour: 20° C (36° F)

Note:

Maximum temperature changes may affect operation. Therefore, do
not operate the T CP2RS ne ar heating o r cooling dev ices, large
windows, or doors that open to the outdoors.

E.6.2 Altitude

!"

Operating: 2.4 km (8,000 ft) maximum

!"

Storage: 9.1 (30,000 ft) maximum

Note:

If operating the TCP2RS above 2.4 km (8,000 ft), decrease the
operating temperature rating by 1° for each 1000 ft.

E.6.3 Relative Humidity

!"

Operating: 10% to 90% noncondensing, 40% to 60% recommended

!"

Storage: 10% to 90% noncondensing

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 40/43

40

F: IP Addressing

Every device con nect e d to a TC P /IP network must have a uni que IP (Internet Protocol)
addres s. This addr es s is used to reference th e s p ecific device; for examp le, to build a
connection to the TCP2RS’s serial port.

An IP address is a 32- bi t va lue divided into four octets of eigh t bits each. The standard
representation is four decimal numbers (0-255) divided by dots (decimal dot notation).

Figure F-1:

Sample IP Address

192.2.12.123 (or 192.002.012.123)

The IP address is divided into two parts: network and host. To suppo rt diff e rent needs,
three network classes have been defined. In the following, "x" stands for the host part of
the IP ad dress.

F.1 Class A Network

IP address 1.x.x.x to 127.x.x.x
The first byte defines the host, and the last three bytes define the network. Only 127

different Cla s s A networks exi s t, and each can consist of up to 1 6 ,777,2 1 6 devices.

Figure F-2:

Sample Class A Network IP Address

10.0.0.1 (network 10, host 0.0.1)

F.2 Class B Network

IP address 128.0.x.x to 191.255.x.x
The first two bytes define the host, and the last two bytes define the network. Class B

networ k s are typical ly used for large company networks , and each can consist of up to
65,534 devices.

Figure F-3:

Sample Class B Network IP Address

172.1. 3. 2 (n et work 172.1 , ho st 3.2)

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 41/43

41

F.3 Class C Network

IP address 192.0.0.x to 223.255.255.x
The first three bytes d efine the host, an d the last byte defi nes the n etwork. Cla s s C

networ k s are the most common and are often used in smaller companies. Each network
can consist of up to 254 hosts.

Figure F-4:

Sample Class C Network IP Address

192.7. 1. 9 (n et work 192.7 .1 , host 9)

F.4 Class D Network

IP a ddres s 224.x.x.x t o 239.x.x.x
These addresses are used as multicast addresses.

F.5 Class E Network

IP a ddres s 239.x.x.x t o 254.x.x.x
These addresses are reserved .

F.6 Network Address

A host address with all host bits set to 0 addresses the n etwork as a whol e (for examp le,
in routing entries).

Figure F-5:

Sample Network Address

192.168.0.0

F.7 Broadcast Address

A host address with all host bits set to 1 is the broadcas t ad dr ess , meaning for “for every
station.”

Figure F-6:

Sample Broadcast Address

192.168.0.255

Network and broadcast ad dr esses m ust not be used as a host address; for ex amp le,

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 42/43

42

192.168.0.0 identifies the entire network, and 192.168.0.255 identifies the broadcast
address.

F.8 IP Netmask

A netmask divides IP address differently than the standard s defin ed b y th e classes A, B,
and C. A netmask defines the number of bits to be taken from the IP address as the
network or host sections. The TCP2RS prompts for the number of host bits to be entered
and then calculates the netmask, whi ch is di splayed in st andard deci mal-dot notation ( for
example, 255.255.255.0) when saved parameters are displayed.

Table F-1:

Standard IP Network Netmasks

Networ k Cl as s Networ k Bi ts Host

Bits

Netmask

A 8 24 255.0.0.0
B 16 16 255.255.0.0
C

24 8 255.255.255.0

Table F-2:

Netmask Examples

Netmask

Host
Bits

255.255.255.252 2

255.255.255.248 3

255.255.255.240 4

255.255.255.224 5

255.255.255.192 6

255.255.255.128 7

255.255.255.0 8

255.255.254.0 9

255.255.252.0 10

255.255.248.0 11

... ...

255.128.0.0 23

255.0.0.0

24

----------- TCP2RS -------------- User’s manual -------------------- page 43/43

43

F.9 Private IP Networks and the Internet

If your network is not and will not be connected to the Internet, you may use any IP
addres s . If your net work is connected or will be con nected t o the Internet, or if you
inten d to operate th e TCP2RS on an intranet, you should use on e of the reserved sub­networks. Consult your network administrator with questions about IP address
assignment.

F.10 Network RFCs

For more information about IP addresses, refer to the following documents, which can be
located on the Worl d Wi de Web using on e of the following direct ories or indices:

!"

RFC 950 Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure

!"

RFC 1700 Assigned Numbers

!"

RFC 1117 Internet Numbers

!"

RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Networks