Circutor QNA-303 User Manual

ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF

ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY

QNA-303

(Code 771 131 / 771 133)

USER’S MANUAL

( M98155201-20 / 03A )

(c)

CIRCUTOR S.A.

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QNA-303 MANUAL CONTENTS page

1.- BASIC INSTRUCTIONS....................................................................................3

1.1.- Checking the contents of your package...........................................................3

1.2.- QNA-303 Models.............................................................................................3

1.3.- Safety warnings...............................................................................................4

1.4.- Operation instructions...................................................................................... 4

2.- MAIN FEATURES..............................................................................................5

2.1.- Basic features..................................................................................................5

2.2.- Electrical features............................................................................................6

3.- ANALYSIS MODES...........................................................................................7

3.1.- Instantaneous values of L1, L2 & L3 (4-wire connection)................................7

3.2.- Instantaneous values of L1, L2 & L3 (3-wire connection)................................7

4.- DATA COLLECTION IN MEMORY (AUTOMATIC MODE)................................ 8

5.- INSTALLATION & STARTUP............................................................................9

5.1.- Selecting the connection mode........................................................................9

5.1.1.- Selecting the connection mode (3 wires / 4 wires)................................... 10

5.1.2.- Selecting the supply voltage....................................................................10

5.2.- Connection cables.........................................................................................11

5.3.- Starting the QNA-303 analyzer up................................................................. 13

5.4.- Connection diagrams o f the QNA-303 analyzer.............................................14

5.4.1.- Direct connection.....................................................................................14

5.4.1.1.- Connection diagram for L.V. 4-wire power systems...........................14

5.4.1.2.- Connection diagram for 3-wire power systems.................................. 15

5.4.2.- Through voltage transformers:.................................................................16

5.4.2.1.- Two voltage transformers..................................................................16

5.4.2.2.- Three voltage transformers................................................................ 17

5.5.- On-board battery of the QNA-303 analyzer ................................................... 18

6.- SETTING THE QNA-303 UP...........................................................................18

6.1.- Operation setup of the QNA-303 analyzer..................................................... 19

6.1.1.- Transformation ratios of voltage transformers........................................19

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6.1.2.- Features of the monitored electrical network...........................................19

6.1.3.- Data collection process features.............................................................. 19

6.1.4.- Statistical processing...............................................................................21

6.1.5.- Quality parameters .................................................................................. 22

6.2.- Choosing the parameters to be recorded ...................................................... 23

6.2.1.- Standard File (STD).................................................................................23

6.2.2.- Events file (EVQ).....................................................................................24

6.2.3.- Incidents file (EVE)..................................................................................25

7.- QNA-303 COMMUNICATIONS........................................................................26

7.1.- Demand format..............................................................................................26

7.2.- Commands....................................................................................................27

7.2.1.- Setup commands.....................................................................................27

7.2.2.- Commands for parameter readout...........................................................28

7.2.3.- File managing commands........................................................................28

7.3.- Connections of communication cables ..........................................................29

8.- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................... 31

9.- SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.......................................................................... 33

10.- MAINTENANCE............................................................................................... 33

11.- TECHNICAL SERVICE....................................................................................33

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1.- BASIC INSTRUCTIONS

This manual is aimed to familiarize the user with the operation of the power

supply quality analyzer model QNA-303 in order to get the best from its features.
The QNA-303 is an analyzer expressly developed for the supervision of the

quality of electric power supply, which has been built with components incorporating
the most advanced technology in microelectronics, and offer benchtop features for
the market in terms of measuring and recording of electrical magnitudes in industrial
power supply networks.

You are kindly requested to carefully read this manual before connecting
and powering the analyzer in order to avoid irreversible damage which might be

caused by an improper utilization.

1.1.- Checking the contents of your package

After receiving the analyzer, please check the following points:

a) The delivered material meets your order specifications.
b) After unpacking, check that the instrument has not been damaged in

transit.

c) The standard set includes the following items:

1 7-pin female connector.

1 4-pin female connector.
1 9-pin female connector.
1 female DB9 connector.
1 User’s guide for the QNA-303.
1 User’s guide for the Software.
1 CD containing the software for PC.
1 GSM antenna (only for the GSM model).

1.2.- QNA-303 Models

Code Model

771 131

QNA-303 RS-232/RS-485

771 133

QNA-303 GSM (Free – SIM not included)

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1.3.- Safety warnings

The manual you hold in your hands contains information and
warnings about the QNA-303 that the user should respect in order to
guarantee a proper operation of all the instrument functions and
keep its safety conditions.

If the instrument is not used as manufacturer’ s speci ficatio ns, the

protection of the instrument can be damaged.

When any protection failure is suspected to exist (for example, it presents
external visible damages), the instrument must be immediately powered OFF. In this
case contact a qualified service representative.

1.4.- Operation instructions

The QNA-303 is a programmable instrument, so offering diverse operation
modes which can be selected from the available programming menus.

Please, before initiating works with the QNA-303, thoughtfully read the paragraphs
involving INST ALLATION & ST ARTUP AND SETTING THE QNA-303 UP, in o rder
to select the most suitable operation mode for your requirements.

Note that with the instrument powered on, the terminals could be dangerous to

touching, and cover opening actions or elements removal may allow the

access to dangerous parts. Therefore, the instrument must not be used until

this is completely installed.

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2.- MAIN FEATURES

The QNA-303 is an analyzer expressly developed for the supervision of the
quality of electric power supply. Among their main characteristics, we can remark
following:

• High protection level against severe electrical conditions:

− Wide range of both supply and measuring voltages.

− High protection level against overvoltage and transient events.

• Connection to either 3 or 4-wire distribution systems.

• Inner battery which permits the instrument to go on recording works even in

case of supply voltage loss.

• Inner memory for saving all parameters measured by the QNA-303.

• Communication via GSM / RS-232 / RS-485 (according to the model).

• IP-55 rated instrument. High protection against adverse environmental

conditions.

2.1.- Basic features

The QNA-303 series analyzer is an instrument specially designed for the analysis
of the electric power quality, for that reason, it only provides voltage inputs (isolated
by means of transformers).

Moreover, the great variety of available models makes the QNA-303 suitable for
any situation and communication mode.

The inner battery of the instrument assures the continuity of the measuring
process by the QNA-303 in case of any supply voltage loss event (short or long-term
line interruption).

The QNA-303 is equipped with three A.C. voltage inputs which permit a
simultaneous measurement of the voltage from all three phases, together with the
frequency, in any power system.

To perform the analysis of the quality of the electric power supply, the QNA-303
will analyze all cycles from all three voltage phases to detect the occurrence of any
event (voltage dip, voltage swell, short and long line interruptions,...).

QNA-303 analyzers are equipped with an on-board memory (1 Mb or 3 Mb
according to the model) for the collection of quality parameters as well as events.

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The different information recorded by the QNA-303 into its on-board

memory is distributed between three file types:

• *.STD files: This file contains all values which are periodically
recorded (voltage, frequency, voltage harmonic distortion and the
harmonic content).

• *.EVE files: File which contains all incidents referred to the QNA-303
itself (file readout, setup modification, memory erasure, power
supply on/off, battery on/off...).

• *.EVQ: This file contains all events observed in the electric power
supply (voltage dips, voltage swells, interruptions) together with
some supplementary information about these events (instant of the
event occurrence, maximum/minimum voltage, average voltage,...).

2.2.- Electrical features

The application of the QNA-303 as a recording instrument for the evaluation of
the quality of the electrical power supply implies the need that this analyzer must
deliver a high protection degree against severe electrical conditions:

• Protective devices in voltage inputs: Special type fuses able to withstand
short-term pulses, which considerably increases the instrument efficiency.

• High-energy varistors for the absorption of surges in order to avoid
possible costly repairs.

• Noise filters in voltage and current inputs to assure reliable measurements
even under most adverse operation conditions.

• Power supply: transformers with an over power dissipation and insulation.

• Power supply by built-in battery to assure a voltage supply to the QNA-303

in case of voltage loss failure.

• Insulation transformers to guarantee the proper insulation of inputs.

• Enclosure: The case made of aluminium casting provides a great

mechanical toughness, but also an exceptional shield against external
electromagnetic fields which might appear in extreme situations. Logical
and measuring boards are placed inside a separated zone which even
increases the screening of sensitive components by “Faraday’s cage”
effect.

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3.- AN ALY SI S MODE S

QNA-303 series analyzers can perform under different operation modes
according to the previous setting.

Most remarkable operation settings are these following:

• Measurement and collection in memory of main power quality parameters
(voltage values, flicker and harmonics) .

• Setting of a voltage threshold to define diverse event occurrences (voltage
sags, voltage swells and interruptions). Also an optional setting of a hysteresis
value for each individual threshold.

• The QNA-303 can perform quality analysis either over 3-wire or 4-wire
distribution systems. In accordance to the choice, all quality measurement will
be referred to the line-to-neutral or line-to-line voltage..

3.1.- Instantaneous values of L1, L2 & L3 (4-wire connection)

- Line-to-neutral VOLTAGE of every phase, RMS value: V1, V2, V3.

∫

⋅== dttu

T

VrmsVn

2

)(

1

;

∑

=

N

U

N

Vrms

1

2

)(

1

- FREQUENCY: F (Hz) Measured over L1 voltage phase.

3.2.- Instantaneous values of L1, L2 & L3 (3-wire connection)

- Line-to-line VOLTAGE of every phase, RMS value: V12, V23, V31.

∫

⋅== dttu

T

VrmsVn

2

)(

1

;

∑

=

N

U

N

Vrms

1

2

)(

1

- FREQUENCY: F (Hz) Measured over L1 voltage phase.

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4.- DATA COLLECTION IN MEMORY (AUTOMATIC MODE)

The QNA-303 is equipped with an internal clock for both date and time that
permits the automatic data recording process in memory to be set (available capacity
according to the model) at regular time periods.

So, the different information recorded by the QNA-303 into its on-board
memory is distributed between three file types:

• *.STD files: This file contains all values which are periodically

recorded (voltage, frequency, voltage harmonic distortion and the
harmonic content).

• *.EVE files: File which contains all incidents referred to the QNA-303

itself (file readout, setup modification, memory erasure, power
supply on/off, battery on/off...).

• *.EVQ: This file contains all events observed in the electric power

supply (voltage dips, voltage swells, interruptions) together with
some supplementary information about these events (instant of the
event occurrence, maximum/minimum voltage, average voltage,...).

The QNA-303 is equipped with an on-board rotary memory for data collection;
which means that once this memory is full, new values overwrite oldest ones.
Therefore, if no data is wanted to be lost, data must be retrieved from the memory
before oldest values will be overwritten.

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5.- INSTALLATION & STARTUP

The manual you hold in your hands contains information and warnings
that the user should respect in order to guarantee a proper operation of
all the instrument functions and keep its safety conditions.

If the instrument is not used as manufacturer’s specifications, the
protection of the instrument can be damaged. Notice that with the instrument
powered on, the terminals could be dangerous to touching and cover opening actions
or elements removal may allow the access to dangerous parts.

When any protection failure is suspected to exist (for example, it presents

external visible damages), the instrument must be immediately powered OFF.

In this case contact a qualified service representative.

5.1.- Selecting the connection mode

The QNA-303 is a fully user-configurable instrument in terms of the kind of

network to be monitored and the supply voltage of the analyzer.

The QNA-303 can be indistinctly installed in a three-phase distribution line with
neutral conductor (4 wires) or without neutral conductor (3 wires). According to the
system, the QNA-303 voltage supply will have to be also properly selected between
230 V~ or 400 V~, depending on the existence or not of the neutral conductor.

The choice of the voltage supply and the connection mode is carried out by
means of some bridges placed inside the QNA-303 casing. Please always check the
appropriate position of this bridges before connecting and powering the QNA-303.

Before any adjustment operation is carried out, the QNA-

303 must be completely disconnected from any power

supply source.

*(D-1)

*(D-2) M2

*(D-3)

M3

M4

*(D-6)

*(D-7)

M5

M6

PF8

PF6

PF7

PF5

PF4

PF2

PF3

PF1

*(C-3)

*(C-1)

M7

M8

*(C-2)

*(B-3)

M9

M10

*(A-3)

*(B-1)

*(B-2)

M11

M12

M13

*(A-2)

*(A-1)

M14

M15

*(X-N)

*(X-N)

*(X-N)

(TIERRA)

*(D-4)

MODEM

3 / 4 WIRES
CONNECTION
TERMINAL

POWER SUPPLY
CONNECTION
TERMINAL

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5.1.1.- Selecting the connection mode (3 wires / 4 wires)

The arrangement of the distribution system to be monitored by the QNA-303

can be selected by means of an inner bridge placed inside the QNA-303 casing.

Thus, the QNA-303 will perform the analysis of the voltage incidences
according to the position of this bridge, that is, voltage events will be detected
between phase and neutral for the 4-wire arrangement, and, on the other side, these
events will be detected over line-to-line voltages for the 3-wire arrangement.

To change the position of the bridge, first of all check that the QNA-303 is
completely disconnected from the monitored main (both power supply and measuring
circuits), and then remove the frontal cover of the QNA-303. Verify that the position
of the bridge agrees with the desired system arrangement.

Finally, set also the selected configuration in the PC software, since
both settings must always fully coincide.

4-wire configuration

3-wire configuration:

Connector position:

Up

Connector position:

Down

Connector position:

Up (J1)

Connector position:

Down (J4)

5.1.2.- Selecting the supply voltage

The supply voltage of the QNA-303 for any particular application can be
selected by means of an inner bridge placed inside the QNA-303 casing.

First of all, check that the QNA-303 is completely disconnected from the
monitored main (both power supply and measuring circuits), and then remove the
frontal cover of th e Q NA-303. Verify that the position of the bridge agrees with the
desired voltage supply.

Power supply:

230 V~

Connector position:

Up

Power supply:

400 V

Connector position:

Down

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5.2.- Connection cables

P ower supply

U

(L1-L2-L3)

RS 232/485

A

ntena Radio / GSM

Voltage connector U(L1, L2, L3):

QNA Pin Description

1

Voltage UL1

2

Voltage UL2

3

Voltage UL3

12

3

4

5

6

7

5 * Neutral

* Note: This connection is not required when the monitored distribution system has
no neutral conductor

Power supply:

QNA Pin Description

1 Power supply AL1
2 Power supply AL2

1

2

3

4

3 Earthing terminal

The connection of the earthing terminal is essential to

assure the efficiency of QNA-303 protective elements.

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RS-232/RS-485 communication connector:

QNA PIN Description

1 RX (RS-232)
2 CTS (RS-232)
3 TX (RS-232)
4 RTS (RS-232)
5 DSR (RS-232)
6 GND (Rs-232)
7 RX (RS-485)
8 TX (RS-485)

1

2

3

4

56

7

8

9

9 GND (RS-485)

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5.3.- Starting the QNA-303 analyzer up

Before powering the analyzer on please check following points:

1) Supply voltage:
230 V~ +40 % / -40 %, 50... 60 Hz.
400 V~ +40 % / -40 %, 50... 60 Hz.

This choice depends on the position of the inner bridge.

2) Earthing terminal: The earthing terminal of the analyzer must be connected to

earth. The lack of this connection implies the inefficiency of some instrument
protective elements.

3) Maximum voltage in the voltage measuring circuit:

 4-wire arrangement 500 V~ line-to-neutral. / 866 V~ line-to-line.
 3-wire arrangement: 500 V~ line-to-line.

4) Analyzer burden: 6 VA.

5) Working conditions:

• Working temperature range: 0 ºC to 50 ºC.

• Working humidity: 25% to 75 % RH.

6) Safety: Designed to meet protection class III as per EN 61010.

Points to check during the installation process:

7) Verify that the earthing terminal of the QNA-303 is connected to the earth in

order to avoid possible interferences over the analyzer to occur. If this earthing
terminal is not connected, then the efficiency of the QNA-303 protection
elements would be reduced.

8) Verify the QNA-303 setup.

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5.4.- Connection diagrams of the QNA-303 analyzer

5.4.1.- Direct connection

5.4.1.1.- Connection diagram for L.V. 4-wire power systems

Voltage connection terminal U ( L1, L2, L3)

Q N A Pin D escription

1Voltage U

L1

2Voltage U

L3

3Voltage U

L2

4 No u sed
5Neutral
6 No u sed

Power supply connection termi nal

QNA Pin Description

1 Supply U

AL1

2 S uppl y U

AL2

3 E arthing terminal
4 No used

L1
L2

L3

N

V

oltage connection terminal U ( L1, L2, L3)

Q N A Pin D escription

1Voltage U

L1

2Voltage U

L3

3Voltage U

L2

4 No u sed
5Neutral
6 No u sed

112

2

3

3

4

4

5

6

7

Power supply

0 - 230 - 400V

Power supply connection termi nal

QNA Pin Description

1 Supply U

AL1

2 S uppl y U

AL2

3 E arthing terminal
4 No used

QNA-303

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 15

5.4.1.2.- Connection diagram for 3-wire power systems

Voltage connection terminal U (L1, L2, L3)

QNA Pin Description

1 Voltage U

L1

2 Voltage U

L3

3 Voltage U

L2

4 No used
5 No used
6 No used
7 No used

Power supply connection terminal

QNA Pin Des cription

1 Supply UAL1
2 Supply UAL2
3 Earthi n g term inal
4 No used

L1
L2

L3

112

2

3

3

4

4

5

6

7

Power supply
0 - 230 - 400V

V

oltage connection termi nal U ( L1, L2, L3)

QNA Pin Description

1 Voltage U

L1

2 Voltage U

L3

3 Voltage U

L2

4 No used
5 No used
6 No used
7 No used

Power supply connection terminal

QNA Pin Des cription

1 Supply UAL1
2 Supply UAL2
3 Earthi n g term inal
4 No used

QNA-303

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5.4.2.- Through voltage transformers:

5.4.2.1.- Two voltage transformers

Voltage connection terminal U ( L1, L2, L3)

QNA Pin Descript ion

1Voltage U

L1

2Voltage U

L3

3Voltage U

L2

4 No used
5 No used
6 No used
7 No used

Power supply conne ction terminal

QNA Pin Des cription

1 Sup ply UAL1
2 Sup ply UAL2
3 Earthing terminal
4 No used

L1

L2
L3

1

122

3

3

4

4

5

6

7

Power supply

0 - 230 -400V

V

oltage connection terminal U ( L1, L2, L3)

QNA Pin Descript ion

1Voltage U

L1

2Voltage U

L3

3Voltage U

L2

4 No used
5 No used
6 No used
7 No used

Power supply conne ction terminal

QNA Pin Des cription

1 Sup ply UAL1
2 Sup ply UAL2
3 Earthing terminal
4 No used

QNA-303

A (P1) (P2) B

a (S1) (S2) b

A (P1) (P2) B

a (S1) (S2) b

A (P1) (P2) B

a (S1) (S2) b

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 17

5.4.2.2.- Three voltage transformers

V

oltage connection terminal U ( L1, L2, L3)

QNA Pin Descript ion

1Voltage U

L1

2Voltage U

L3

3Voltage U

L2

4 No used
5 Neutral
6 No used
7 No used

Power supply conne ction terminal

QNA Pin Des cription

1 Sup ply UAL1
2 Sup ply UAL2
3 Earthing terminal
4 No used

L1
L2

L3

1

122

3

4

6

7

Power supply

0 - 230 -400V

V

oltage connection terminal U ( L1, L2, L3)

QNA Pin Descript ion

1Voltage U

L1

2Voltage U

L3

3Voltage U

L2

4 No used
5 Neutral
6 No used
7 No used

Power supply conne ction terminal

QNA Pin Des cription

1 Sup ply UAL1
2 Sup ply UAL2
3 Earthing terminal
4 No used

QNA-303

A (P1) (P2) B

a (S1) (S2) b

(P1) A
(P2) B

(S1) a

(S2) b

(P1) A
(P2) B

(S1) a

(S2) b

(P1) A
(P2) B

(S1) a

(S2) b

34

5

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 18

5.5.- On-board battery of the QNA-303 analyzer

The QNA-303 analyzer is equipped with an intelligent energy charging system.
This means that the instrument continuously checks in an automatic way the status
of the battery, thus the charging process stops when the battery is at its maximum
charge level and, therefore, the life span of the battery is increased.

When the analyzer is connected to the main, the

battery is self-recharging.

The analyzer has an inner battery to assure the power supply of the analyzer
when any event occurs. This battery permits to keep the analyzer continuously
energized during 4 hours in case of lack of voltage supply from the main. This period
of time of operation after a voltage supply loss is user-programmable in order to
economize the battery charge and to assure the detection of possible intermittent
voltage interruptions.

The warranty of a 4-hour operation period is essential to assure the proper
detection and recording of multiple and long-term voltage interruptions.

6.- SETTING THE QNA-303 UP

The QNA-303 analyzer performance will depend on the user-configuration of the
instrument. To accomplish this configuration, two different setup sections can be
distinguished:

• Operation Setup: To define the QNA-303 analyzer operation mode.

• File Setup: To define the data collection procedure of the QNA-303 into the

internal memory. (In this model, all parameters are fixed and cannot be user­changed).

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 19

6.1.- Operation setup of the QNA-303 analyzer

Points to be user-defined are following:

6.1.1.- Transformation ratios of voltage transformers

The QNA-303 analyzer can take measurements through voltage transformers.

• Voltage primary value / Voltage secondary value: Set the

transformation ratio of voltage transformers used for measuring purposes.
In case of a direct measurement of the voltage (no voltage transformer
used) then just set 1/1.

6.1.2.- Features of the monitored electrical network

• Rated voltage: The rated voltage of the power system to be monitored by

the QNA-303. When the measurement is direct, that is, no voltage
transformer is used, then this voltage matches the network rated voltage. If
any .../110 V~ voltage transformer is used, then the rated voltage to be set
results from the application over the network rated voltage of the
transformation ratio. A right configuration of this point is essential since
permits setting the limits for the analysis of the electric power supply
quality.

• Rated frequency: The rated frequency of the power system to be

monitored by the QNA-303. This parameter is necessary for the calculation
of the signal RMS value in extreme quality networks.

• Measurement type: The QNA-303 must be set according to the

distribution system to be monitored, whether with neutral conductor (4
wires) or without neutral conductor (3 wires). A proper setting of this point
is essential to assure a right detection of event occurrences. This choice
must also match the inner bridge position (See section 5.1.1.-)

6.1.3.- Data collection process features

• File name: Name of the file to be used for data recording (not modifiable).

• Recording period: Integration period for data recording into memory of all

selected parameters. Average, maximum and minimum values obtained
over this integration period will be recorded (See Section ¡Error! No se
encuentra el origen de la referencia.).

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 20

• Period of voltage sliding window: To carry out the calculation of the

average, maximum and minimum voltage, the QNA-303 obtains one value
each second. This instantaneous value corresponds to the average of V

rms

values which have been calculated within the sliding window defined by the
user (voltage time constant). If this period is set to 1 s, then the
instantaneous value equals the V

rms

value.

• Period of frequency sliding window: To carry out the calculation of the

average, maximum and minimum frequency, the QNA-303 obtains one
value each second. This instantaneous value corresponds to the average
of frequency values which have been calculated within the sliding window
defined by the user (frequency time constant). If this period is set to 1 s,
then this value equals the instantaneous frequency.

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 21

6.1.4.- Statistical processing

• Confidence level for the voltage (%): For each record, the analyzer

saves in memory a maximum and minimum voltage value within a pre­defined confidence interval. The confidence level (expressed in
percentage) indicates the percentage of measures which must be
considered for analysis purposes inside the confidence interval, by
neglecting extreme values. For instance, if a confidence level of 95 % is
set, then the 2.5% of lowest values and the 2.5% of highest values would
be neglected. Inside the interval, the maximum and minimum values are
obtained and recorded.

If the user want to record the maximum and minimum values taking into
account all measurements (absolute values), then a confidence level of
100 % should be set.

• Confidence level for the frequency (%): An analogue processing

performed by the QNA-303 over the voltage can be optionally applied over
the frequency. If the user want to record the absolute maximum and
minimum values, then a confidence level of 100 % should be set.

Vmax

V

min

V% threshold

V

% threshold

User configurable between

51% and 100%

Vrms histogram

Vrms-1s

Hz max

Hz min

Hz% threshold Hz% threshold

User configurab les bet w een

51% and 100%

Hz histogram

Hz-1seg

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 22

6.1.5.- Quality parameters

• % of voltage swell threshold: The detection of a voltage swell depends on

the value set in this point (% of the rated voltage). Every semicycle whose
RMS value is over the defined limit value is stated to be a voltage swell. A
record will be saved into the event file (EVQ) every time this limit value is
exceeded, with the indication of the maximum voltage value detected, the
voltage average value and the duration of the voltage swell event.

• Voltage swell hysteresis: A voltage swell hysteresis value can be defined to

set a different value for the voltage swell event starting and ending point.
Thus, a voltage swell event starts when the voltage swell threshold is
exceeded, and ends when the voltage value is under the value defined by the
subtraction of the voltage swell hysteresis value from the voltage swell
threshold.

• % of voltage dip threshold: The detection of a voltage dip depends on the

value set in this point (% of the rated voltage). Every semicycle whose RMS
value is below the defined limit value is stated to be a voltage dip. A record will
be saved into the event file (EVQ) every time this limit value is exceeded, with
the indication of the minimum voltage value detected, the voltage average
value and the duration of the voltage dip event.

• Voltage dip hysteresis: A voltage dip hysteresis value can be defined to set

a different value for the voltage dip event starting and ending point. Thus, a
voltage dip event starts when the voltage dip threshold is not reached, and
ends when the voltage value is over the value defined by the addition of the
voltage dip hysteresis value to the voltage dip threshold.

• % of interruption threshold: The detection of an interruption depends on the

value set in this point (% of the rated voltage). Every semicycle whose RMS
value is below the defined limit value is stated to be an interruption. A record
will be saved into the event file (EVQ) every time this limit value is exceeded,
with the indication of the minimum voltage value detected, the voltage average
value and the duration of the interruption event.

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 23

• Interruption hysteresis: An interruption hysteresis value can be defined to set a

different value for the interruption event starting and ending point. Thus, an

interruption event starts when the interruption threshold is not reached, and ends

when the voltage value is over the value defined by the addition of the interruption

hysteresis value to the interruption threshold.

6.2.- Choosing the parameters to be recorded

The QNA-303 saves into its on-board memory records of all quality
parameters. The different information recorded by the QNA-303 is distributed
between three file types:

6.2.1.- Standard File (STD)

The standard file (STD) is used to store all parameters which are periodically
recorded.

Over the user-defined recording period, following electric parameters will be
saved into the memory:

 Voltage:

• Average: voltage average value over the recording period.

• Maximum (maximum voltage threshold): voltage maximum value

obtained within the recording period. This maximum value is the maximum
value obtained within the set confidence level.

• Minimum: voltage minimum value obtained within the recording period.

This minimum value is the minimum value obtained within the set
confidence level.

Note: If a confidence level of 100% is set, then obtained values equal

absolute maximum and minimum value.

 Flicker: The QNA-303 saves the Flicker value (Pst) obtained over the recording

period.

Vmax

V

min

V% threshold

V

% threshold

User configurable between

51% and 100%

Vrms histogram

Vrms-1s

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 24

 Harmonics:

 Harmonic distortion: The QNA-303 will calculate and record into memory

the value of the voltage average harmonic distortion detected in the
monitored power system.

 Harmonic content: The QNA-303 will calculate and record into memory

the average value of the individual harmonic distortion rate of each voltage
harmonic in the monitored power system (up to the 25th harmonic)

6.2.2.- Events file (EVQ)

The analyzer also records an events file that contains information on
any incidence happening detected in the monitored power system. Following data is
saved about each event:

Event date: Indication of the instant of the event occurrence. This value is
obtained with an accuracy of one semicycle.

Type of event: Indication of the event type, that is, a voltage dip, a voltage
swell or an interruption. These events are defined in accordance to the QNA-303
setup. (See Se ction ¡Error! No se encuentra el origen de la referencia.). The type
of event also identifies the phase this event has happened over.

Duration of the event: The number of the semicycles that the event has
lasted.

Average voltage of the event: The voltage average value over the event
happening period.

Maximum/minimum voltage of the event: In case of an interruption or
voltage dip event, the voltage minimum value obtained during the event happening
period. In case of a voltage swell even, the maximum values will be recorded.

Previous voltage to the event: The voltage value before the event
occurrence is recorded.

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 25

6.2.3.- Incidents file (EVE)

All incidents referred to the QNA-303 itself are automatically saved into this file,
with the indication of both the occurrence moment and type. Following incidents can
be detected and recorded by the QNA-303:

Battery ON: Indication of the moment when the QNA-303 started to be supplied by
its on-board battery.

Battery OFF: Indication of the moment when the QNA-303 stopped its operation.
This moment depends on the value set by the user as the period of time of operation
after a voltage supply loss.

Auxiliary power supply ON: Indication of the moment when the QNA-303 is
connected to the external power supply.

Auxiliary power supply OFF: Indication of the moment when the external power
supply of the QNA-303 is interrupted. The analyzer is supplied from this moment by
the on-board battery.

Setup modification: Record of the moment when any modification of the instrument
setup is realized.

Memory formatting: Indication of the moment when the user has decided the QNA-
303 internal memory to be formatted.

Forced memory formatting: The QNA-303 internal memory will be automatically
formatted if any error in this internal memory is detected.

Delete a file: Indication of the moment when the user has deleted any file from the
QNA-303 internal memory. If the first data shown by the .EVE file is the indication
that a file has been delete, then this means that the deleted file was the events file.

Time change: Indication of any change of the date or time of the analyzer’s on-board
clock. The record of this event type is quite important, since when illogical intervals of
time between two successive readouts are observed in the graphical representation
of any parameter, this might be due to a change of the time of the on-board clock.

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 26

7.- QNA-303 COMMUNICATIONS

One of the main features of the QNA-303 in terms of communications is the
use of the Z-MODEM protocol, both for the data retrieval and the instrument setting
actions. This protocol is specially designed for the transmission via modem links.
Main features of this protocol are follow i ng :

− Full-Duplex protocol which gets the maximum efficiency from the link.

− Automatic adaptation of the baud rate to the phone line quality.

− Automatic adaptation of frame length.

− Complete system of error detection and correction.

− The communication is not cut off in case of punctual errors in frames, but

the system tries for several times to resubmit the same information until the
verification of a complete communication interruption.

The application of this protocol assures to get optimum data transmission
times with a minimum number o f incidences.

7.1.- Demand format
PROTOCOL: Question / Answer

The demand format is: $PPCCCAA... ch [LF] (example = $00VER71)
The answer format is: $PPAA... ch [LF]

$ Any message starts with this symbol (ASCII- 36).
PP The identification code (00) for the portable QNA-303 (decimal-ASCII).
CCC COMMAND.
AA ARGUMENT (Decimal- ASCII).
Ch CHECK-SUM : Check-sum of all the elements forming the message. It is

calculated by the decimal addition of all the previous bytes in ASCII and then
translating the result into hexadecimal. Two digits are taken.
example = $00RAL --> 36 + 48 + 48 +82 + 65 + 76 = 355
355 decimal or 163 hexad. CHECK-SUM = 63 ----> $00RAL63 [LF]

[LF] LINE FEED indicates the end of the message (ASCII 10).

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 27

7.2.- Commands

7.2.1.- Setup commands

COMMAND

CONCEPT QUESTION ANSWER

VER

Read QNA version $00VER $00 4 digits

INI

Reset $00INI $00ACK

RCL

Read date $00RCL $00XX /XX/XX XX:XX:XX

WCL

Write date $00WCLXX/XX/XXXX

XX:XX:XX

$00ACK
$00ERR

RRT

Read transformation
ratios

$00RRT $00 + (6) Primary U

+ (3) Secondary U
+ (5) Primary I
+(1) Secondary I
+(1) 0–III-fase,1–Aron
+(1) 0–3 wire,1–4 wire

WRT

Write transformation
ratios

$00WRT
+ (6) Primary U
+ (3) Secondary U
+ (5) Primary I
+(1) Secondary I
+(1) 0–III-fase,1–Aron
+(1) 0–3 wire,1–4 wire

$00ACK

RRS

Read communication
parameters

$00RRS $00 + (2) Peripheral number

+ Parity
+ Data length
+ Stop bits
+ (4) Baud rate
+ (4) Baud rate COM2 (No used)

WRS

Write communication
parameters

$00WRS
+(2) Peripheral number
+ Parity
+ Data length
+ Stop bits
+ (4) Baud rate
+ (4) baud rate COM2

$00ACK

RPA

Read recording period
and file name

$00RPA $00 + (5) Recording period

+ (8) File name

WPA

Write recording period
and file name

$00WPA
+ (5) Recording period
+ (8) File name

$00ACK

RTD

Read battery OFF time $00RTD $00 (4) OFF time

WTD

Read battery OFF time $00WTD

+ (4) OFF time

$00ACK ch

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 28

7.2.2.- Commands for parameter readout

COMMAND

CONCEPT QUESTION ANSWER

RVQ

Read voltage quality $00RVQ $00 + (9 x 3) ascii char

7.2.3.- File managing commands

COM-

MAND

CONCEPT QUESTION ANSWER

DIN

Number of files in
memory

$00DIN $00 5 digits

DIR

Directory of a file in
memory

$00DIR
+ 5 File number

$00 + 12 file.ext
+ 7 bytes no.
+ 17 date of file creation

DEL

Delete a file $00DEL

+ (12) file.ext

$00FILE NOT FOUND
$00ERR
$00ACK

DIF

Consult a file content $00DIF

+ 12 file.ext

$00 + 12 file.ext
+ 17 beginning date
+ 17 ending date
+ 6 Bytes no. ASCII

FOR

Format memory $00FOR

$00ACK
$00ERR

SZC

Ask for a file $00SZC

+ file.ext

$00 + 17 beginning date
+ 17 ending date  (the QNA starts
data transference in ZMODEM)

$00ERR01  File does not exist

SZP

Ask for a part of a file $00SZP

+ 12 file.ext
+ 17 beginning date
+ 17 ending date

$00ACK  (the QNA starts data
transference in ZMODEM)

$00ERR00  QNA in Setup menu
$00ERR  File does not exist or

beginning date > ending date

Note: Date format is “DD/MM/YY hh:mm:ss” with a length of 17 bytes.

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 29

7.3.- Connections of communication cables

U

(L1-L2-L3)

Alimentación

RS 232/485

A

ntena Radio / GSM

The QNA-303 analyzer is equipped with a RS communication port to set the
communication to the PC. The connection arrangement will depend on the
communication mode to be used.

Several communication modes are available according to the QNA-303 model:

GSM 485 232
QNA-303 GSM X X
QNA-303 232/485 X X

QNA-303 units that require a communication cable are only those which
will communicate via the RS-232 or RS-485 serial port to the PC. A simultaneous
communication via both ports will not be available at any case.

The protocol to be used in QNA-303 RS-232/RS-485 units will depend on the
cable connection arrangement.

RS 232/4 8 5

1

2

3

4

5

6

78

9

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 30

• Cable for RS-232 communication (PC - QNA-303)

QNA-303 PIN FEMALE DB9

1 3
2 7
3 2
4 8
5 4
6 5

• Cable for RS-485 communication (RS 485 converter - QNA-303)

The QNA-303 RS-232 can be communicated to a PC via an external modem.
This system can be applied in these facilities for which a communication via the
conventional phone line is wanted to be set. The communication cable to be used in
these cases is different, and also the modem unit must be set to have no control of
the DTR and to automatically hold the line on when a call is received. (Consult the
user’s guide of the modem to be used for any particular application).

• Communication cable for an external modem application

QNA-303 PIN MALE DB25 MALE DB9

1 3 2
2 5 8
3 2 3
4 4 7
5 6 4-6
6 7 5

Converter RS485/RS232

PIN QNA DB9 Female

RS-485

DB9 Male

RS-232

DB9 Female

PC

7 2 2 3
8 1 3 2
9 5 5 5

7 – 8

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 31

8.- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Power supply:

Supply voltage: Independent from the measuring circuit: 230 or 400 V ± 40 %
Frequency: 50...60 Hz.
Burden: 6 VA
Working temperature: -10...+50 ºC

Auxiliary power supply:

Battery: Ni-M-H
Autonomy: 4 h of continuous operation

Voltage measurement:

Measuring system: 4 wire or 3 wire arrangement (choice by inner connection)
Measuring range: 0 to 500 V~. (line-to-neutral).

4-wire network: 0 to 500 V~ (line-to-neutral).
0 to 866 V~ (line-to-line).

3-wire network: 0 to 500 V~ (line-to-line).
Scale switch: Automatic.
Other voltages: Through voltage transformers.
Frequency : 45 to 65 Hz.

Accuracy:

Voltage: 0.5 % of readout ± 1 digit.

Measuring conditions to assure accuracy class::

- Errors due to external voltage transformers not included

- Temperature range : 5 ºC to 45 ºC

- Power factor : 0.5 to 1

- Measuring range : between 5 % and 100 %

Internal memory:

Memory size: 1Mb (3 Mb as optional)
Memory configurat ion: FIFO

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 32

Mechanical characteristics:

Enclosure: IP-55 protection casing
Weight: 2.5 kg
Dimensions:

Relevant standards

EN 60664, EN 61010, EN 61036, VDE 110 , UL 94

__________________________________________

EM EMISSION

− EN 61000-3-2 (1995), Harmonics.

− EN 61000-3-3 (1995), Voltage fluctuations.

− EN 50081-2 (1993), Industrial emission.

− EN 55011 (1994): Conducted (EN 55022 - Class B).

− EN 55011 (1994): Radiated (EN 55022 - Class A).

EM IMMUNITY

− EN 50082-2 (1995), industrial immunity.

− EN 61000-4-2 (1995), ESD.

− ENV 50140 (1993), EM Radiated field of RF.

− EN 61000-4-4 (1995), EFT burst.

− ENV 50141 (1993), RF common mode.

− EN 61000-4-8 (1995), 50 Hz H-field

− EN 50082-1 (1997), Residential immunity.

− EN 61000-4-5 (1995), Surges.

− EN 61000-4-11 (1994), Supply voltage interruptions.

-- ANALYZER OF THE QUALITY OF ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY QNA-303 -- Page 33

9.- SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

The user should take into account all installation instructions
indicated in sections INSTALLATION & STARTUP and TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS of this manual.

Notice that with the instrument powered on, the terminals could be
dangerous to touching, and cover opening or elements removal actions may allow
the access to dangerous parts. The analyzer has been designed and tested to meet
IEC 348 standard and is factory-shipped in proper operating conditions.

10.- MAINTENANCE

The QNA-303 does not require any special maintenance. No adjustment,
maintenance or repairing action should be done over the instrument open and
powered and, should those actions are essential, high-qualified operators must
perform them.

Before any adjustment, replacement, maintenance or repairing operation is
carried out, the instrument must be totally disconnected from any power supply
source.

When any protection failure is suspected to exist, the instrument must be
immediately put our of service. The instrument’s design allows a quick replacement in
case of any failure.

The design of the analyzer permits its quick replacement in case of failure.

11.- TECHNICAL SERVICE

For any inquiry about the instrument performance or If any failure happens,
please contact to CIRCUTOR’s technical service.

CIRCUTOR S.A. - After-sales service

Vial Sant Jordi, s/n

08232 - Viladecavalls (BARCELONA - SPAIN)

Tel - + 34 93 745 29 00

fax - + 34 93 745 29 14

E-mail : [e-mail]