POWER QUALITY ANALYZER
QNA-P / QNA-PV
( Cód. Q20713 / Q20731 QNA-P )
( Cód. Q20830 / Q20831 QNA-PV )
USER MANUAL
(M98155801-03 / 05A)
(c)
CIRCUTOR S.A.
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QNA-P/PV MANUAL CONTENTS
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1.- BASIC INSTRUCTIONS....................................................................................... 2
1.1.- Checking the contents of your package ....................................................... 2
1.2.- QNA-P/PV Models ....................................................................................... 2
1.3.- Safety warnings............................................................................................ 3
1.4.- Operating instructions .................................................................................. 3
2.- MAIN FEATURES ................................................................................................ 3
2.1.- Basic features .............................................................................................. 4
2.2.- Electrical features......................................................................................... 6
3.- ANALYSIS MODES ............................................................................................. 7
4.- DATA STORAGE IN MEMORY (AUTOMATIC MODE) ....................................... 7
5.- INSTALLATION & START-UP ............................................................................. 8
5.1.- Connection terminal ..................................................................................... 9
5.1.1.- Communication cables for RJ connectors......................................... 10
5.2.- Starting the QNA-P/PV analyzer ................................................................ 11
5.3.- Connection drawing for the QNA-P/PV. .................................................... 13
6.- THE QNA-P/PV ANALYZER’S INTERNAL BATTERY....................................... 16
7.- OPERATING MODE .......................................................................................... 16
7.1.- Display and buttons.................................................................................... 16
7.2.- Turning the analyzer on ............................................................................. 17
7.3.- Display screens.......................................................................................... 17
8.- SETTING UP THE QNA-P/PV ........................................................................... 18
8.1.- Operating setup of the QNA-P/PV analyzer ............................................... 18
8.1.1.- Transformation ratios for voltage and current transformers ............. 18
8.1.2.- Features of the monitored electrical network .................................... 19
8.1.3.- Quality parameters ........................................................................... 19
8.1.4.- Data to take into account for the periodical data recording process . 21
8.2.- Selecting the parameters to be recorded ................................................... 22
8.2.1.- Standard file (STD) ........................................................................... 22
8.2.2.- Events file (EVQ) .............................................................................. 23
8.2.3.- Incidents file (EVE) ........................................................................... 24
8.2.4.- Harmonics statistics file (H24) .......................................................... 25
8.2.5.- Weekly average values file (STP)..................................................... 25
8.2.6.- Configuration and operation of the SMS alarms ............................... 25
8.2.7.- Configuration and operation of the GPRS ........................................ 25
9.- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................ 26
10.- SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................ 28
11.- MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................. 28
12.- TECHNICAL SERVICE ...................................................................................... 28
A. Appendix: Installation and start up of the QNA-GSM/GPRS. ............................... 29
B. Appendix: Installation and start up of the QNA-GPRS. ........................................ 32
C. Appendix: setting the SMS Alarms....................................................................... 32
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1.- BASIC INSTRUCTIONS
This manual is designed to familiarise the user with operating the power
supply quality analyzer model QNA-P/PV in order to get the best from its features.
QNA-P/PV is an analyzer specifically developed for supervising electrical
power supply quality, which has been built with the most advanced technology in
microelectronic components offering bench mark features in measuring and
recording of electrical magnitudes in industrial power supply networks.
Please read this manual carefully before connecting and switching on the
analyzer in order to avoid irreversible damage caused by improper use.
1.1.- Checking the contents of your package
Please check the following points on receipt of the analyzer:
a) The equipment delivered matches your order specifications.
b) After unpacking, check that the instrument has not been damaged during
delivery.
c) Standard equipment includes the following items:
1 RS-232 communication cable (female RJ-DB9).
1 QNA-P/PV User manual
1 CD containing PC program and user guide
1 GSM antenna (GPRS model only).
1.2.- QNA-P/PV Models
Code Model
Q20711 Kit 1 QNA – P RS
Q20731 Kit 1 QNA – P GPRS. (SIM not included)
Q20712 Kit 2 QNA – P RS
Q20732 Kit 2 QNA – P GPRS. (SIM not included)
Q20830 QNA-PV RS (only voltage measurement)
Q20831 QNA-PV GPRS (only voltage measurement)
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1.3.- Safety warnings
This manual contains information and warnings about the
QNA-P/PV analyzer which must be followed to guarantee the proper
operation of all instrument functions and to maintain it in a safe
condition.
If the instrument is not used in accordance with manufacturer’s
specifications, the instrument’s protection may be damaged.
Where any protection failure is suspected to exist (for example, if there are
signs of external damage), the instrument must be immediately switched OFF. In the
event of this contact a qualified technician.
1.4.- Operating instructions
QNA-P/PV is a programmable instrument, with operating modes which may be
selected from the available programming menus.
Before starting the QNA-P/PV, carefully read the paragraphs on
INSTALLATION & STARTUP AND SETTING QNA-P/PV, to select the most suitable
operating mode for your requirements.
Note that when the instrument is switched on, the terminals may be
dangerous when touched and opening or removing parts may access
dangerous areas. Therefore, the instrument must not be used until it is
properly installed.
2.- MAIN FEATURES
The QNA-P/PV is an analyzer specifically designed to check electrical power
supply quality in accordance with the IEC 61000-4-30 standard.
• Harmonic measurement in accordance with IEC 61000-4-7
• Flicker measurement in accordance with IEC 61000-4-15
• Measurement of main electrical parameters.
− Voltage, current, power, PF....
− Harmonic distortion in Voltage and Current....
− Neutral current and Neutral-Earth voltage
• 4-quadrant measuring system (Energy consumption and generation)
• High protection level against severe electrical conditions:
− Wide range of supply and measurement voltages.
− High protection level against overvoltage and transient events.
• Connection to either 3 or 4-wire distribution systems.
• Wide voltage supply range: 100-240 V c.a (QNA-P) / 100-400V c.a. ±30% (QNA-PV).
• Internal battery allowing the instrument to continue recording in the event of voltage supply
loss.
• 4 Mbytes internal memory for saving all parameters measured by the QNA-P/PV analyzer.
• Communication via GPRS / GSM / RS-232 (according to model).
• Mounted inside a self-extinguishing case. Dimensions and fixing points according to DIN
43857.
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2.1.- Basic features
The QNA-P/PV is an analyzer specifically designed to check electrical power
supply quality in accordance with the IEC 61000-4-30 standard.
In addition to the A.C. voltage inputs (insulated by transformers), the
instrument is equipped with 4 inputs of 2V (clamps) . which allows the QNA-P/PV to
also be used as a network analyzer.
Its design in suitcase of high robustness (IP67) that makes an equipment ideal
to measure in severe environmental conditions.
Moreover, the great variety of available models makes the QNA-P/PV suitable
for any situation and communication mode.
The instrument’s internal battery ensures continuity of measurement by the
QNA-P/PV analyzer in the event of any loss in voltage supply (short or long-term line
interruption).
QNA-P/PV is equipped with three A.C. voltage inputs which permit
simultaneous voltage measurement in all three phases, together with frequency
measurement in any power system.
To analyse electrical power supply quality in accordance with IEC 61000-4-30,
the QNA-P/PV uses a DSP to analyse all cycles from all three voltage phases to
detect the occurrence of any event (voltage dip, voltage swell, interruption).
Harmonic and flicker is also calculated in accordance with IEC61000-4-7 and
61000-4-15, respectively,.
The QNA-P/PV’s input 2V (2V / 5A) can analyse the main electrical
parameters in 4 quadrants (Energy consumption and generation).
The QNA also has a Neutral current entry and another for Neutral-Earth
voltage measurement. These parameters complete the information that the QNA is
able to supply to study the electric network.
The QNA-P/PV analyzer is equipped with a built in 4 Mbytes memory to
receive quality, events and electrical parameters.
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The different information recorded in the QNA-P/PV’s built in memory is
distributed in four file types:
• *.STD files: This file contains all periodically recorded values (voltage,
current, frequency, power, energy, flicker, harmonic distortion, harmonic
content, unbalance).
• *.EVE files: File containing all incidents referred to the QNA-P/PV itself (file
readout, setup modification, memory erasure, power supply on/off, battery
on/off...).
• *.EVQ: This file contains all events observed in the electrical power supply
(voltage dips, voltage swells, interruptions) together with supplementary
information about these events (time of the event occurring,
maximum/minimum voltage, average voltage, voltage prior to the event).
• *.H24: This file contains the data required to obtain a statistical analysis of
the harmonic evolution in one day.
• *.STP: This file stores average values for voltage, frequency, flicker (pst
and plt) and the THD over one week.
Measurable parameters by the QNA-P/PV analyzer are listed below:
Parameters L1 L2 L3
Voltage X X X
Current X X X
Frequency X
Active power X X X
Reactive power L X X X
Reactive power C X X X
Apparent power X
Active energy X
Inductive energy X
Capacitive energy X
Power Factor X X X
Voltage THD X X X
Current THD X X X
Voltage harmonic content X X X
Current harmonic content X X X
Type of voltage wave X X X
Type of current wave X X X
Neutral current X
Neutral-Earth voltage X
Flicker (PST) X X X
Dip X X X
Interruptions X X X
Swell X X X
Unbalance X
Asymmetry X
The above parameters will be measured and recorded regardless of energy
consumption or generation in the installation.
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2.2.- Electrical features
Using the QNA-P/PV as a recording instrument for evaluating electrical power
supply quality means that the analyzer must have a high degree of protection against
severe electrical conditions:
• High-energy varistors absorbing surges to avoid any costly repairs.
• Noise filters in voltage and current inputs to ensure reliable measurements even
under the most adverse operation conditions.
• Power supply: transformers with extra power dissipation and insulation.
• Built-in battery power supply to ensure voltage supply to the QNA-P/PV analyzer
in the event of voltage loss.
• Insulation transformers guaranteeing the proper insulation of inputs.
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3.- ANALYSIS MODES
QNA-P/PV series analyzers can be used in different operating modes
according to their setting.
The most striking features of the analysers are:
• Measurement and storage in memory of main power quality parameters
(voltage values, flicker, harmonics and unbalance).
• Measurement and storage in memory of main electrical parameters (voltages,
currents, frequency, power, PF...).
• Neutral current and Neutral-Earth voltage measurement.
• Setting a voltage threshold to define different events (voltage sags, voltage
swells and interruptions). Also an optional setting of an hysteresis value for
each individual threshold.
• QNA-P/PV can carry out quality analyses in 3-wire or 4-wire distribution
systems. All quality measurements will be referred the line-to-neutral or line-toline voltage according to selection.
• QNA-P/PV can also be used to measure through voltage and current
measuring transformers.
4.- DATA STORAGE IN MEMORY (AUTOMATIC MODE)
QNA-P/PV is equipped with an internal date and time clock to store automatic
data recordings and quality events in the memory at regular time intervals..
The QNA-P/PV storage memory is divided into four independent blocks. Each
discrete block is allocated to every file type to be saved. Every file type contains the
following information:
• *.STD files: This file contains all values which are periodically
recorded (voltage, current, energy, frequency, voltage harmonic
distortion, harmonic content and unbalance…).
• *.EVE files: File containing all incidents referred to the QNA-P/PV
itself (file readout, setup modification, memory erasure, power
supply on/off, battery on/off...).
• *.EVQ: This file contains all events observed in the electrical power
supply (voltage dips, voltage swells, interruptions) together with
supplementary information about these events (time of the event
occurring, maximum/minimum voltage, average voltage, voltage
prior to the event).
• *.H24: This file contains the data required to obtain a statistical
analysis of the harmonic evolution in one day.
• *.STP: This file stores average values for voltage, frequency, flicker
(pst and plt) and the THD over one week.
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QNA-P/PV is equipped with a built in rotating memory for data collection; this
means that once this memory is full, new values overwrite the oldest ones. Therefore,
if no data is to be lost, data must be retrieved from the memory before the oldest
values are overwritten.
5.- INSTALLATION & START-UP
This manual contains information and warnings about the
QNA-P/PV analyzer which must be followed to guarantee the proper
operation of all instrument functions and to maintain it in a safe
condition.
If the instrument is not used according to the manufacturer’s
specifications, the instrument’s protection may be damaged Note that when the
instrument is switched on, the terminals may be dangerous when touched and
opening or removing parts may access dangerous areas. Therefore, the instrument
must not be used until it is properly installed
Where any protection failure is suspected to exist (for example,
if there are signs of external damage), the instrument must be
immediately switched OFF. In the event of this contact a
qualified technician.
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5.1.- Connection terminal
The QNA-P/PV analyzer may be installed in any three-phase distribution line with
neutral conductor (4 wires) or without neutral conductor (3 wires). Measurements
solely depend on the connection mode and the analyzer configuration
The connection of an earth terminal is essential to ensure
the efficiency of QNA-P/PV protection elements.
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5.1.1.- Communication cables for RJ connectors
The most usual configurations for QNA-P/PV communication cables are as
follows:
• RS-232 connection to PC or to external modem:
QNA-P/PV
PC
1–DSR 5–GND
2–Rx 3–Tx
3–TX 2–Rx
4–CTS 7–RTS
5–RTS 8–CTS
6–GND 5–GND
The RS-232 communication cables must always be disconnected to
establish communication with a QNA-P/PV-
GPRS/GSM via a mobile phone. If
the RS-232 is connected, then modem operation is completely disabled.
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5.2.- Starting the QNA-P/PV analyzer
Please check following points before switching on the analyzer
:
1) Mains supply voltage:
Voltage: 100-240 V AC (QNA-P)
Voltage: 100-400 ± 30% V c.a (QNA-PV).
Frequency: 50... 60 Hz.
2) Ground terminal: The ground terminal of the analyzer must be connected to earth.
If it is not connected some of the protective parts may not work properly.
3) Maximum voltage in the voltage measurement circuit: 500 V C between phase
and common:
4-wire: 500 V AC line-to-neutral. / 866 V AC line-to-line.
3-wire: 500 V AC line-to-line.
4) Maximum voltage in the Earth measurement circuit: 500 V AC between Neutral
Earth.
5) Maximum permissible current : Depends of the clamp In / 2 V c.a.
6) Consumption: 16 VA – 8 W
7) Operating conditions:
• Operating temperature range: 0ºC to 50ºC.
• Storage temperature: -20ºC to 70ºC
• Operating humidity: 0% to 90 % RH.
8) Safety: Designed to meet protection class III according to EN 61010.
Points to check during the installation process:
9) Check that the ground terminal of QNA-P/PV is connected to earth to avoid any
possible interferences to the analyzer. If this ground terminal is not connected,
then the effectiveness of the QNA-P/PV protection elements may be reduced.
10) Check power readouts and their sign (check current measurement transformer
polarity).
10) Verify the QNA-P/PV setup.
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Points to consider:
Voltage values flashing on the display is a sign that the analyzer is
incorrectly installed or configured. Possible causes might be:
− The analyzer detects an event: This can mean a real event in the network,
or a wrong rated voltage setting where the set value does not match the
actual network voltage.
− If the unbalance screen displays dashes, there is an incorrect phase
sequence.
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5.3.- Connection drawing for the QNA-P/PV.
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6.- THE QNA-P/PV ANALYZER’S INTERNAL BATTERY
The analyzer has an internal battery to ensure power supply to the analyzer when
any event occurs. This battery keeps the analyzer continuously powered for 2-4
hours in the event of the mains power supply being cut. This operating period after
voltage supply loss is user-programmable in order to save the battery and to ensure
that any possible intermittent voltage interruptions are detected.
The guarantee of a 9999 second operating period is essential to ensure the
proper detection and recording of multiple and long-term voltage interruptions.
The battery is charging when the analyzer is
connected to the mains.
The QNA-P/PV analyzer is equipped with an intelligent energy charging
system. This means that the instrument continuously and automatically checks the
status of the battery. This means that the charging process stops when the battery is
on maximum charge level and, therefore, the life of the battery is increased.
7.- OPERATING MODE
7.1.- Display and buttons
QNA-P/PV is equipped with a display to show all information being measured by
the analyzer using different buttons.
The function of each button on the QNA-P/PV analyzer is:
−
(Next screen): The next display screen is accessed.
−
(Previous screen): The previous display screen is accessed.
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7.2.- Turning the analyzer on
When the QNA-P/PV is turned on, the first screen appears with the analyzer’s
identification:
After some seconds, the display will show a screen displaying the three
voltages measured by QNA-P/PV in each phase.
Use the
and buttons to move through each available display screen.
7.3.- Display screens
The available display screens on the QNA-P/PV analyzer are as follows:
Voltage measured in the network
Current measured in the network
Active power
kw without flicker = kW
kw with flicker = MW
Power Factor
Unbalance rate
Asymmetry rate
Frequency
Date
Day / month
Year
Clock
Hour / Minutes
Seconds
Neutral-Earth Voltage
Neutral current
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Remarks
The QNA-P/PV analyzer may indicate that it is incorrectly installed or
configured. Possible causes might be:
• Voltage values flashing on the display. Possible causes might be:
− The analyzer detects an event: This can mean a real event in the network,
or a wrong rated voltage setting where the set value does not match the
actual network voltage..
− If the unbalance screen displays dashes, there is an incorrect phase
sequence.
• Power screens with a negative sign:
− The installation is generating energy, or, the current transformer polarity is
inverted.
− PF values are wrong. Check the voltage and current phase wiring, the
phase sequence is probably not correct.
8.- SETTING UP THE QNA-P/PV
Any setup action for the QNA-P/PV analyzer must be always done
through a PC
The QNA-P/PV analyzer’s performance will depend on the user-configuration
of the instrument. There are two different setup procedures for configuring the
analyzer:
• Operating Setup: To define the QNA-P/PV analyzer’s operating mode.
• File Setup: To define the data collection procedure of the QNA-P/PV
analyzer in the internal memory.
8.1.- Operating setup of the QNA-P/PV analyzer
The user defined procedures are listed below:
8.1.1.- Transformation ratios for voltage and current transformers
The QNA-P/PV analyzer can measure via transformers.
• Voltage primary value / Voltage secondary value: Setting the
transformation ratio for voltage transformers used in measuring. Set 1/1 for
direct voltage measurement (no voltage transformer used).
• Current primary value: Setting the primary value for the current
transformers used in measuring.
• Neutral current primary value: Setting the primary value of the current
transformer used in measuring Neutral current
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8.1.2.- Features of the monitored electrical network
• Rated voltage: The rated voltage of the power system to be monitored by
the QNA-P/PV analyzer. For a 3-wire configuration the line-to-line voltage
must be set (ex. 400 V~), and for a 4-wire configuration the line-to-neutral
voltage must be set (ex. 230 V~). If a voltage measurement transformer is
used, then the rated voltage to be set must be referred to the secondary
side (ex. 63.5 V~). The correct configuration of this is essential because
the limits for the analysis of the quality of electrical power supply is to be
analysed.
• Rated frequency: The rated frequency of the power system to be
monitored by the QNA-P/PV analyzer. This parameter is necessary for the
calculation of the RMS signal value in extreme quality networks.
• 4 Wire / 3 Wire: The QNA-P/PV analyzer must be set according to the
distribution system to be monitored, whether with neutral conductor (4
wires) or without neutral conductor (3 wires or Aron). The proper setting of
this point is essential to ensure the correct detection of events. This choice
must also match the external connection configuration.
• Circuit type: When measurement is via three current probes, then the
analyzer must be set to operate with a three-phase circuit. For 3-wire
networks, that is, networks without neutral conductor, the analyzer can be
set to work in ARON system. Here only two current probes are required.
8.1.3.- Quality parameters
In order to determine electrical power supply quality, the voltage levels
defining the event must be set beforehand.
Therefore, following points must be user-defined:
• % of voltage swell threshold: The detection of a voltage swell depends on
the value set for this point (% of the rated voltage). Every semi-cycle with a
RMS value over the defined limit value is said to be a voltage swell. A record
will be kept in the events file (EVQ) every time this limit is exceeded, with the
indication of the phase, the maximum voltage value detected, the voltage
average value, voltage value previous to the event and the duration of the
voltage swell event.
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• Voltage swell hysteresis: A voltage swell hysteresis value can be defined at
a different value for the voltage swell event starting and finishing. Therefore, a
voltage swell event starts when the voltage swell threshold is exceeded and
ends when the voltage value is below the value defined by subtracting the
voltage swell hysteresis value from the voltage swell threshold.
• % of voltage dip threshold: The detection of a voltage dip depends on the
value set for this point (% of the rated voltage). Every semi-cycle where the
RMS value is below the defined limit is said to be a voltage dip. A record will
be saved in the events file (EVQ) every time this limit is exceeded indicating
the minimum voltage value detected, the average voltage value and the
duration of the voltage dip event.
• Voltage dip hysteresis: A voltage dip hysteresis value can be defined at a
different value for the voltage dip event starting and finishing. Therefore, a
voltage dip event starts when the voltage dip threshold is not reached and
ends when the voltage value is over the value defined by adding the voltage
dip hysteresis value to the voltage dip threshold.
• % of interruption threshold: The detection of an interruption depends on the
value set for this point (% of the rated voltage). Every semi-cycle where the
RMS value is below the defined limit is said to be an interruption. A record will
be saved in the events file (EVQ) every time this limit value is exceeded
indicating the minimum voltage value detected, the average voltage value and
the duration of the interruption event.
• Interruption hysteresis: An interruption hysteresis value can be defined at a
different value for the interruption event starting and finishing. Therefore, an
interruption event starts when the interruption threshold is not reached and
ends when the voltage value is over the value defined by adding the
interruption hysteresis value to the interruption threshold.
• STD file recording period. Part of the memory allocated for this file,
expressed in days. This is a not modifiable value, it will depend on the
recording period and the memory allotted for other files.
• Number of recordings in the EVE file. Part of the memory allocated for the
incidents file, expressed as the number of incidents.
• Number of recordings in the EVQ file. Part of the memory allocated for the
events file, expressed as the number of events.
• H24 file size (in weeks): Indication of the H24 file size.
Default
(Calculated value – Not programmed)
STD file recording period.(*)
74 days 23 hours
EVE file
4655
Number of recordings
EVQ file
12330
H24 file size (days):
32
STP file size (weeks):
16
(*) The STD file has been calculated assuming a 10-minute recording period,
and the default parameters of the STD file.
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8.1.4.- Data to take into account for the periodical data recording process
Some points to allow the user to precisely define the information to be
used for the recording calculation procedure .
Therefore, the user can define:
• Description of the measurement site: An identifying field to be filled in by
the user.
• Remark: An information field to be filled by the user.
• Recording period: (affecting the .STD file only). The recording period of the
integrated values. The recording period is, by default, set at 10 minutes, but
this value is user-settable from 1 minute to 2 hours.
• Integration of 10-cycle blocks with events (all except for voltage):
(affecting the .STD file only). An event might occur (voltage swell, dip, …)
while the analyzer is calculating the voltage, flicker, harmonic averages. The
QNA-P/PV allows the 10-cycle block where the event occurred to be added to
the integration. If this option is disabled ( “No”), then the 10-cycle block would
be only added to the voltage average.
• Integration of 10-cycle blocks with events (voltage): (affecting the .STD file
only). An event (voltage swell, dip, …) may occur while the analyzer is
calculating the average voltage. The QNA-P/PV allows the 10-cycle block
where the event occurred to be added to the integration (this may be for one
or more event, depending on the duration of the event). If this option is
disabled ( “No”), then the 10-cycle block would be ignored, and, therefore, it
would not be added to the integration for this periodical recording. This option
does not affect the other parameters.
• Date type: (affecting the .STD file only). Permits the user to select date/time to
be saved together with each recording. This date can be the initial or final
recording.
• Battery auto-power off timer: The user can set the time for the QNA-P/PV
battery auto-power to switch off in the event of supply voltage loss, in order to
save the battery and to ensure the detection of possible intermittent voltage
interruptions. The usual time is about 15-30 min.
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8.2.- Selecting the parameters to be recorded
The QNA-P/PV saves all quality parameter recordings in its internal memory. The
different information recorded by the QNA-P/PV is distributed in three file types:
8.2.1.- Standard file (STD)
The standard file (STD) is used to store all periodically recorded parameters.
The following electrical parameters will be saved in the memory during the
user-defined recording period:
Parameter L1 L2 L3 File
Voltage(Line-to-Neutral or Line-to-Line) X X X STD
Current X X X STD
Frequency X STD
Apparent power X STD
Energy Consumption
Active power X X X STD
Reactive power L X X X STD
Reactive power C X X X STD
Power Factor X X X STD
Active energy X STD
Reactive energy L X STD
Reactive energy C X STD
Energy Generation
Active power X X X STD
Reactive power L X X X STD
Reactive power C X X X STD
Power Factor X X X STD
Active energy X STD
Reactive energy L X STD
Reactive energy C X STD
Neutral current X STD
Neutral-Earth voltage X STD
Harmonics
Voltage THD X X X STD
Current THD X X X STD
Voltage harmonic content
(Selection of any harmonic between 2-50)
X X X STD
Current harmonic content
(Selection of any harmonic between 2-50)
X X X STD
Wave types (V,I) X STD
Flicker (PST) X X X STD
Quality
Dip X X X EVQ
Interruptions X X X EVQ
Swell X X X EVQ
Unbalance
Unbalance X STD
Asymmetry X STD
* The STD file will record the average values of the electrical parameters
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Flicker:
• Pst: The QNA-P/PV saves the Flicker value (Pst) obtained over the
recording period. The Plt value will be calculated by the data analysis
software in the PC.
Harmonics:
Harmonic distortion: The QNA-P/PV will calculate and record in the
memory the value of the average voltage harmonic distortion detected in
the monitored power system.
Harmonic content: The QNA-P/PV will calculate and record in the
memory the average value of the individual harmonic distortion rate for
each voltage harmonic in the monitored power system (up to the 40
th
harmonic) (harmonic content of each 10-cycle blocks which have been
integrated over a recording period).
Direction of the harmonics: The QNA-P/PV allows the direction of the
individual harmonics to be displayed, indicating if a specific harmonic is
being generated by the user or is being generated outside the installation.
Wave types:
Voltage: Records one cycle of the voltage signal wave type on finishing
the recording.
Current: Records one cycle of the current signal wave type on finishing
the recording.
Unbalance:
Asymmetry rate: ratio of homo-polar voltage to direct voltage.
Unbalance rate: ratio of inverse voltage to direct voltage.
8.2.2.- Events file (EVQ)
The analyzer also records an events file containing information on any event
detected in the monitored power system. The following data is saved about each
event:
Event date: Indication of the time of the event. This value is obtained with an
accuracy of one cycle.
Type of event: Indication of the event type, i.e. a voltage dip, a voltage swell
or an interruption. These events are defined in accordance with the QNA-P/PV setup.
The type of event also identifies the phase where this event ocurred.
Duration of the event: Period of time in milliseconds that the event lasted.
Maximum/minimum voltage for the event: In the event of an interruption or
voltage dip, the minimum RMS½ (*) voltage value obtained during the event. In the
event of a voltage swell, the maximum values will be recorded.
Average voltage for the event: The average RMS½ (*)voltage value during
the event.
Voltage prior to the event: The RMS½ (*) voltage value before the event
occurrence is recorded.
(*) RMS ½ value: RMS value of a complete cycle, refreshed every semi-cycle.
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8.2.3.- Incidents file (EVE)
All incidents sent to the QNA-P/PV are automatically saved in this file, with an
indication of the time and type of incident. The following incidents may be detected
and recorded by the QNA-P/PV:
Battery OFF: Indication of the time when QNA-P/PV stopped operating. This
time depends on the value set by the user for the operating period after a voltage
supply loss.
Auxiliary power supply ON: Indication of the time when the QNA-P/PV
analyzer was connected to an external power supply.
Auxiliary power supply OFF: Indication of the time when the external power
supply for the QNA-P/PV analyzer was interrupted. The analyzer is supplied from the
internal battery from this time.
Setup modification: Record of the time when the instrument’s setup was
modified.
Memory formatting: Indication of the time when the user decided to format
the QNA-P/PV’s internal memory.
Forced memory formatting: The QNA-P/PV’s internal memory will be
automatically formatted if any error in this internal memory is detected.
File deletion: Indication of the time when the user deleted a file from the
QNA-P/PV’s internal memory. If the first data shown by the .EVE file indicates that a
file has been deleted, then the deleted file was the events file.
Time change: Indication of any change to the date or time of the analyzer’s
internal clock. Recording this event type is quite important, because if the time
intervals between two successive readouts are observed to be erroneous, this might
be due to a change to the time of the internal clock.
Activated alarm: (only GSM devices) Indicates that the alarm condition has
been activated, also indicates the alarm number.
Sended alarm: (anly GSM devices) Indicates that the alarm has been
sended,condition is activated, also indicates which of the 8 telephone numbers has
been activated.
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8.2.4.- Harmonics statistics file (H24)
A series of values to be susbsequently used by the PC’s software will be
stored in this file. The software will calculate typical deviation, the statistical
distribution curve and the effective values at 50%, 95% and 99% of each and every
harmonic recorded by the QNA-P/PV .
8.2.5.- Weekly average values file (STP)
TYhis file will save the averaged weekly values for voltage variables (L1, L2
and L3), frequency, flicker (pst and plt) (L1, L2 y L3), harmonic distortion rate (L1, L2,
L3 and three phase), unblanace and the total number of recordings used for
calculations. The 0%, 5%, 95% and 100% values may also be obtained individually
and as a whole taking into account all recordings, i.e. the whole week or just those
recordings with no voltage events.
8.2.6.- Configuration and operation of the SMS alarms
The QNA-P/PV (GPRS / GSM model only) may configure up to 8 different
alarms. A maximum and minimum limit and a time period may also be set for each
alarm. They also may be sent to 8 different telephone numbers.
8.2.7.- Configuration and operation of the GPRS
The QNA-P/PV (GPRS model only) allows information to be sent to an FTP
server via GPRS. This means that every X minutes the equipment automatically
sends recorded information to an IP address defined by the user. The time period
and the IP address are defined by the user. A user name and password supplied by
the FTP server administrator to save the information must also be defined. This mode
of communication avoids the user having to use a modem to download information,
because it is the equipment itself which sends the information to the FTP server. This
means that the user only requires an Internet connection to connect with the FTP
server and to download the information.
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9.- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Power supply:
Supply voltage: Independent from the measuring circuit 100-240 V (QNA-P models)
100-400 V ±30% (QNA-PV models)
Frequency: 50...60 Hz.
Consumption: 16 VA – 8 W
Working temperature: 0ºC to 50ºC
Storage temperature: -20ºto 70ºC
Auxiliary power supply:
Battery: Ni-M-H
Autonomy: 9999 seconds continuous operation
(It is recommended that programming by software does not last for more than 1 hour
to increase the life-time of the battery)
Voltage measurement:
Measuring system: 4 wire or 3 wire arrangement (choice by external connection)
Measuring range: 0 to 500 V AC. (phase-to-common).
4-wire network: 0 to 550 V AC. (line-to-neutral).
0 to 952 V AC. (line-to-line).
3-wire network: 0 to 550 V AC. (line-to-line).
Scale switch: Automatic.
Other voltages: Via voltage transformers.
Frequency :
42.5 – 69 Hz
Current measurement:
Measurement range : ... / 2V (according to current clamp).
Maximum current: 1.2 In
Scale switch : Automatic.
Accuracy:
Voltage:
0.1 % of nominal. (Class A according to IEC 61000-4-30)
Current:
0.1 % of nominal. (Class A according to IEC 61000-4-30)
Power:
0.2 % (according to EN 62053-22)
Unbalance: ± 0.15% (Class A according to IEC 1000-4-30)
Flicker: <5% according to IEC 61000-4-15
Harmonics: Class I according to IEC 61000-4-7
Measurement conditions to ensure accuracy class:
- Errors due to external voltage transformers not being included
- Temperature range : 5 ºC to 45 ºC
- Measurement range : between 5 % and 100 %
Internal memory:
Memory size: 4Mb
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Mechanical characteristics:
Case: According to DIN 43859
Dimensions: According to DIN 43857
Weight: 6,7 Kg (QNA-P) / 5 Kg (QNA-PV)
STANDARDS
Quality : IEC 61000-4-30
Harmonics: IEC 61000-4-7
Flicker: IEC 61000-4-15
Other standards:
EN 60664, EN 61010, EN 61036, VDE 110, UL 94
__________________________________________
EM EMISSION
− EN 61000-3-2 (1995), Harmonics.
− EN 61000-3-3 (1995), Voltage fluctuations.
− EN 50081-2 (1993), Industrial emission.
− EN 55011 (1994): Conducted (EN 55022 - Class B).
− EN 55011 (1994): Radiated (EN 55022 - Class A).
EM IMMUNITY
− EN 50082-2 (1995), industrial immunity.
− EN 61000-4-2 (1995), ESD
.
− ENV 50140 (1993), EM Radiated field of RF.
− EN 61000-4-4 (1995), EFT burst.
− ENV 50141 (1993), RF common mode.
− EN 61000-4-8 (1995), 50 Hz H-field
− EN 50082-1 (1997), Residential immunity.
− EN 61000-4-5 (1995), Surges.
− EN 61000-4-11 (1994), Supply voltage interruptions
.
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10.- SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
The user should take into account all installation instructions
indicated in the INSTALLATION & STARTUP and TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS sections in this manual.
Note that when the instrument is switched on, the terminals may be
dangerous when touched and opening or removing parts may access
dangerous areas. The analyzer has been designed and tested to meet IEC 348
standard and is factory-shipped in proper operating conditions.
11.- MAINTENANCE
The QNA-P/PV does not require any special maintenance. No adjustment,
maintenance or repair should be carried out while the instrument is open and
switched on. Qualified technicians must carry out these actions when they are
necessary.
Before any adjustment, replacement, maintenance or repair, the instrument
must be totally disconnected from any power supply source.
If any protection failure is suspected, the instrument must be immediately
placed out of service. The instrument’s design allows it to be quickly replaced in the
event of any breakdown.
The design of the analyzer allows it to be easily replaced in the event of
breakdown.
12.- TECHNICAL SERVICE
For any information on the instrument’s performance or in the event of
breakdown, please contact CIRCUTOR’s technical service.
CIRCUTOR S.A. - After-sales service
Vial Sant Jordi, s/n
08232 - Viladecavalls (BARCELONA - SPAIN)
Tel - + 34 93 745 29 00
fax - + 34 93 745 29 14
E-mail :
central@circutor.es
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A. Appendix: Installation and start up of the QNA-GSM/GPRS.
Configure the QNA-P/PV analyzer before inserting the new SIM card
N.B: The GSM line used must be capable of data transmission
First the SIM on the phone line to be used must be configured to enable
communication with the QNA-P/PV GSM/RS-232’s GSM modem,.
This action will always be required when a new SIM card is inserted in the
QNA GSM analyzer, regardless of whether it is the first installation or a replacement
SIM.
Proceed as follows:
1. With no SIM card inserted:
1) Turn on the QNA analyzer.
2) Connect to the QNA analyzer via the RS-232 serial port using a communication
cable.
3) Use the PC software to add a QNA or, for a SIM change, modify the
configuration on the existing QNA analyzer.
4) Access the “general parameter” option in the software field, and select the option
called “PIN change”.
The following screen will be then shown:
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30
5) Select options “SIM change” and “Enable use of PIN”
6) Enter the PIN and PUK numbers for the SIM to be inserted.
7) Accept the action and follow the steps shown by the software:
a. Insert the new SIM card and then remove the RS-232 communication cable
from the analyzer.
2. Inserting the SIM card
8) Loosen the screws on the SIM holder cover.
SIM holder
cover
9) Carefully pull out the piece.
10)
Release the SIM holding lock.
11) This position of the lock permits the user to open the holding piece and insert the
SIM card.
12) Close the holding piece and place the lock back into its initial position.
13) Put the SIM holder cover back into the QNA analyzer.
14) Tighten the cover screws to avoid any possible malfunction of the SIM.
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3. With the new card SIM inserted:
15) Remove the RS-232 cable from the analyzer.
16) Wait until the PC software issues a warning (About 60 s)
17) Reconnect the RS-232 communication cable to the QNA analyzer.
18) Check that the PC software notifies the results of the operation. The result may
be:
Successful: The QNA modem is ready to operate.
Error: The SIM card has not been initialized. Check the configuration
again, carefully following all steps.
Upon completion of the installation, ensure that the RS-232 cable is not still
connected to the PC.
This connection will prevent the QNA communicating via the GSM modem
The local modem must not be connected via a telephone
switchboard. It must be a direct line
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B. Appendix: Installation and start up of the QNA-GPRS.
Steps to be followed when setting the QNA analyzer so that it sends recorded
information via GPRS to an FTP server.
1- Apply power supply voltage to the QNA (it is important that when this is done, the
RS-232 communications cable is not connected. If it is, then the modem will not start
correctly).
2.-Wait for about 2 minutes so that the equipment starts the modem. Press the two
keys at the same time until the screen display the message “SIGNAL XX”, XX being
equal to the value of the existing cover (this may be between 0 and 30). When this
message appears, it means that the modem start up process has been correctly
carried out.
3.- Connect the RS-232 communications cable to the equipment.
4.- Using the PowerVision software, enter the device’s general parameters and then
press “GPRS”.
5.- The following message will then appear on the screen to allow the GPRS
parameters to be changed:
IP of the FTP server from
which the information is to be
User name
and password for the
FTP Server file to
where the information
is to be downloaded.
This information is supplied by the t
elephone
company. For example, Vodafone in Spain has the
access point server: airtel.es
. The user name and
password is: vodafone in both cases.
Indicates the frequency in which the
QNA is to send information to the server
Indicates the date of the firs
t piece of
information sent. Every X hours from then on
(as indicated in the frequency) a file is sent to
the FTP server with the information.
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C. Appendix: setting the SMS Alarms.
The equipment may be set so that it sends an SMS message when a preset
condition is met.
Follow the steps below to activate and set the alarms:
1.- Connect the RS-232 communications cable to the equipment or set it to
communicate via GSM
2.- Using the PowerVision software, enter the device’s general parameters and then
press “SMS Alarms”
4.- The following message will then appear on the screen to allow the SMS Alarms
parameters to be changed
5.- Up to 8 alarms may be enabled at the same time. Once an alarm is enabled, it
may be set
SMS alarms menu (Steps to be followed):
1. Service Centre Telephone:
Country code for service centre (for example, 34 for Spain)
Contracted company service centre (for example for Vodafone 607003110)
2. Enable Alarm
The different parameters may be set once the alarm is enabled.
3
5
4
6
7 1
10
8
2
9
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3. Select the type of alarm
Drop down menu with the available types of alarm:
Voltage V1, V2, V3, VIII
Current I1, I2, I3, IIII
Active power W1, W2, W3, WIII
Capacitive power vaC1, vaC2, vaC3, vaCIII
Inductive power vaL1, vaL2, vaL3, vaLIII
PF PF1, PF2, PF3, PFIII
Voltage THD VTHD1, VTHD2, VTHD3, VTHDIII
Current THD ITHD1, ITHD2, ITHD3, ITHDIII
Unbalance
Asymmetry
Frequency
EVQ
IntV1, IntV2, IntV3, IntVIII,
DipV1, DipV2, DipV3, DipVIII
OverV1, OverV2, OverV3, OverVIII
4. Select the SMS send mode
Possible modes:
ON An SMS is sent when an alarm is activated.
OFF An SMS is sent when an alarm is deactivated.
ON and OFF An SMS is sent when an alarm is activated and deactivated.
5. Defining maximum, Minimum and Hysterisis limits
The maximum and/or minimum values to set off an alarm are now set. The hysterisis
value is the margin value to fulfil the alarm condition.
6. Delay from reaching the alarm level to activating the alarm
Time in which the alarm condition is met. If the day/month/year fields are zero, the time is
daily. If these variables are 0, the alarm is always on.
If the selected variable is EVQ, the unit for this variable must be stated in ms.
7. Delay in which the alarm goes back to OK and is deactivated
If the selected variable is EVQ, the unit for this variable will be 0.
8. Validity period for the alarm
The trip time may be set. The schedule when the alarm is to be active is indicated.
Alarm On time: Time when the alarm is to be active
Alarm Off time: Time when the alarm is to end
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Note: If the alarm time date is disabled, the alarm shall be active every day during the
preset time slot.
If the alarm time is disabled, the alarm will be active all the time.
9. Alarm message
Received message text
.
10. Telephone number(s) to which the SMS is to be sent and their activation.
Note: Time and level conditions (limits) have to be met if the alarm is to be activated
Note: A log is made in the eve file every time an alarm condition is met or SMS
message sent
FOR EXAMPLE: Example of a voltage alarm setting and the different conditions which may
be set
1. The following parameters are set:
Variable V1
ON and OFF mode
Upper limit: Maximum value: 240, maximum hysterisis: 230
Lower limit: Minimum value: 90, minimum hysterisis: 100
Activated delay time: 5 seconds
Deactivated delay time: 5 seconds
240 V
230 V
90 V
100 V
The alarm will be activated under these conditions and an SMS will be sent when, for
example, 240 V is exceeded for more than 5 seconds.
The alarm will be deactivated and an SMS sent when V1 is below 230 V for more than 5
seconds.
Maximum value
Minimum hysterisis
Minimum value
Maximum hysterisis
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