CIAS Elettronica ERMO 482 User Manual

ERMO 482

Installation manual

Version 1.01

CIAS Elettronica version 1.01

INDEX

1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION 01

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM 07

3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 09

4. SYSTEM PARTS AND EXPLODED VIEW 10

5. ACCESSORIES 11

6. INSTALLATION 11

6.1 NUMBER OF BEAMS TO BE INSTALLED 11

6.2 LENGTH OF EACH LINE 13

6.3 LAND CONDITIONS 13

6.4 NATURE OF THE SOIL 15

6.5 PRESENCE OF WALLS, FENCES, POSTS, TREES, HEDGES, DIFFERENT
OBSTACLES 16

6.6 BREADTH OF SENSITIVE BEAM 19

6.7 LENGTH OF THE DEAD ZONES IN PROXIMITY OF THE APPARATUS 21

6.8 HEIGHT OF THE APPARATUS FROM THE GROUND 21

6.9 SUPPORTING POSTS, FIXING TO THE GROUND, JUNCTION BOXES 24

6.10 CONNECTIONS TO THE AC POWER SUPPLY 25

6.11 CONNECTION OF THE BATTERY FOR RESERVE SUPPLY 26

6.12 CONNECTION OF THE APPARATUS TO THE CONTROL PANEL 26

7. CALIBRATION AND TESTING

See the stc 95 manual

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1) GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ERMO 482/... is a microwave system for external protection of the volumetric barrier type.

Volumetric barrier means the spatial protection obtained by using separate transmitter and receiver, placed
opposite each other, in which one of the three dimensions is considerably greater than the other two.
This type of systemis able to reveal the presence of a body moving within the sensitive field set up between
transmitter and receiver.
The shape and size of the sensitive field set up between transmitter and receiver in ERMO 482/... depend on the
following factors:

a) Type of antenna used
b) Effective distance between transmitter and receiver
c) Level of sensitivity set up on the receiver
d) Presence of fixed parts within the sensitive field (land, walls, fencing, posts, etc.)
e) The type of obstacles, if any
f) Alignment of transmitter and receiver

- Two types of antenna are used:

• 10cm PARABOLIC

• 20cm PARABOLIC

The 10cm PARABOLIC antennae are suitable for the formation of rather wide but short range fields of
protection.
The 20cm PARABOLIC antenna forms longer fields of protection, but less wide ranging. (FIG. 1. a-b)

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Figure 1 a-b - Maximum beam of the sensitive zones

- The effective distance between transmitter and receiver, depending on the type of
antenna, determines the other two dimensions, due to the fact that the opening angle
of the antennae used remains constant to the variation of the reciprocal distance
between transmitter and receiver. (FIG. 2)

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Figure 2 - Variation of the dimension of the sensitive zone on the variation of the distance

- The level of sensitivity set up on the receiver, according to a particular antenna,
ensures that the microwave barriers can have a sensitivity to more or less intense
disturbance signals. Bear in mind that the weaker signals come from more peripheral
zones of the field, while the more intense signals come from central zones. Thus it is
clear that the regulation of the sensitivity causes a corresponding variation of the
height and breadth of the field of protection. The length, on the other hand, is
determined exclusively by the distance between transmitter and receiver (FIG. 3).

Figure 3 - Variation of the dimension of the sensitive zone on the variation of the sensitivity

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- The presence of fixed parts, within the sensitive field, alters the dimensions of the
protection field determined, in theory, by the distance between these and the level of
sensitivity imposed on the receiver.
These dimensions are valid only when the barrier is installed in a free space.
In all the other cases the obstacles present will provoke distortions of the shape and
alteration of the size of the protection field.

- The nature of the obstacles, eventually present, provokes either a reflection or an
absorption, or a combination of both these phenomena in confrontation with the
electromagnetic energy contained. Therefore, different alterations of the protection
field occur depending on the nature of the obstacles. (FIG. 4)

Figure 4 - Sensitive zone in the presence of an obstacle

- An imperfect alignment between transmitter and receiver causes, a distortion
of the shape of the protective field which is set up, as well as an obvious reduction of
the signal received. This fact becomes clearly apparent when considering that the
protection field is determined, in the first approximation, by the combination of the
principal radiation lobes of the two antennae, which, if perfectly aligned, will establish
a regular and symmetrical protection field in the two halves of the section, if badly
aligned they will cause asymmetry and a more probable interception of obstacles
(even though apparently outside the sensitive field). (FIG. 5)

FIG. 5 - Sensible zone distorsion for bad alignement

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Bearing these basic considerations in mind, we can state that the general form of the protection field takes the
shape of two trunks of a cone opposed to each other at the base. The minimum dimension of the field is the one
of the antennae, while the maximum dimension is determined by all the other factors already examined.
The breadth of the signal received is the vectorial sum of the direct signal and all the reflected ones. (FIG. 6)

Figure 6 - Vectorial representation of the signal received

It is easy to see how the introduction of any object into the protected field, whether reflecting or absorbing
electromagnetic energy, will provoke an alteration of the preceding condition, causing a variation i n the bread th
of the signal received in proportion to the size of the object introduced and its degree of penetration into the
sensitive field. If the object introduced into the protection field is held in movement, it will provoke a
continuous variation of the breadth of the signal received, thus bringing about a modulating frequency whose
breadth is in proportion to the dimensions and position of the field and of the object introduced, and whose
frequency is proportional to the speed of movement in the field of the object. (FIG. 7)

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Figure 7 - Representation of the signal received during an intrusion

Electromagnetic energy is radiated from the transmitter in the form of impulses, so that in the presence of an
object in movement within the protection field, as well as the breadth modulation of the peak of the signal
received, we will find a phase modulation of the impulses detected.
As the frequency of the transmitted impulses of electromagnetic energy has 4 different values, it is possible to
carry out on the receiver a check of the correspondence of the frequency received with a sample frequency
within the receiver itself.
Thus, we determine a channeling which, as well as offering greater possibilities to elaborate the signal, makes
the system much less vulnerable with regard to any attempt to neutralise it.

2) BLOCK DIAGRAM

The block diagram of the transmitter of ERMO 482/... is shown in Fig. 8.

Figure 8 - Block diagram of the transmitter

The block diagram of the receiver of ERMO 482/... is shown in Fig. 9 .

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Figure 9 - Block diagram of the receiver

3) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Table 1 shows the technical specifications of ERMO 482/...

Min Nom Max Note

Working frequence 9,5 GHz 9,9 GHz 9,95 GHz

Maximum f o rce - 20 mW -

Modulation - - - on/off

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Duty-cycle - 50/50 -

Number channels - - 4

Range:
ERMO 482/50 50 m - ­ERMO 482/80 80 m - -

ERMO 482/120 120 m - -

ERMO 482/200 200 m - ­Power supply tension ( ): 17 V 19 V 21 V
Power supply tension ( ): 11,5 V 13,8 V 16 V

Power supply current TX ( ): - 155 mA 165 mA

Power supply current RX in control ( ): - 210 mA 220 mA

Power supply current RX in alarm ( ): - 130 mA 130 mA

Power supply current TX ( ): - 33 mA 40 mA

Power supply current RX in control ( ): - 65 mA 72 mA

Power supply current RX in alarm ( ): - 20 mA 25 mA

Room for battery: - - - 12Y/1,9Ah

Alarm outputs:
Contact redome removal (TX) - - 30 VA C-NC
Contact redome removal (RX) - - 30 VA C-NC

Exchange intrusion alarm - - 30 VA C-NC-NA

lighting signals: - -

Presence green led net (TX) - - - ON

Presence green led net (RX) - - - ON

Recognition green led net - - - ON

State of green led NON alarm - - - ON

Sensibility regulation - - - trimmer

Integration regulation - - - trimmer
Weight without battery (TX) - 2910 g ­Weight without battery (RX) - 2970 g -

Dimensions

Diameter - - 305 mm

Depth jaws included - - 280 mm

Working temperature -25 °C - +55 °C

Performance level: 3°

Level of wrapper protection: IP55

Table 1 - Technical specifications

Additive note for barriers ERMO 482 power supply and earthing:

- The cable which carries the transformer power supply to the apparatus must be
masked and the mask must be connected to the soul

- the metallic case must be connected to the soul, through a suitable earth
terminal projected inside.

4) COMPONENT PARTS OF THE SYSTEM

The ERMO 482/... package is made up of the following parts:

A) Transmitter
B) Receiver
C) Post clamps
D) Cavoflex ends
E) Testing sheet diagrams
F) Instruction manual

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For ease of assembly, the dismantling and the eventual replacement, for assistance, with the various parts of the
apparatus ERMO 482, there is an “exploded” illustration of a barrier head.

Pole
covering

Post

Illuminator

Rx or Tx Cavity

Parabola

Clamps

Pipe with
hole for
cables

Back Cover

Front Cover

Junction box for
transformer

Radials trunk s

5) ACCESSORIES

In the picture of page 10 there are several parts of the accessories that can be supplied on request by quoting the
relevant code number. Here we are:

Trunk Pi pe

A) 15cm trunk pipes
B) Pole covering
C) Junction box
D) Transformers

6) INSTALLATION

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When designing a volumetric barrier protection system, it is first necessary to carry out an inspection of t he site
to be protected, in order to note the real operating conditions. In fact it is necessary to determine:

6. 1) Number of lines to install

6. 2) Length of each line

6. 3) Land conditions

6. 4) Nature of the ground

6. 5) Presence of walls, fences, posts, trees, hedges, other obstacles

6. 6) Breadth of sensitive bands

6. 7) Breadth of the dead zones near the apparatus

6. 8) Height of the apparatus from the ground

6. 9) Supporting poles, their ground fixtures, connector boxes

6. 10) Connections to AC supply

6. 11) Connection of the battery to reserve supply

6. 12) Connections to the elaboration centre

6. 1) Number of lines to install

As the volumetric barrier protection has to be designed within a closed perimeter, as well as the obvious
considerations of the subdivision of the perimeter into a certain number of lines which take into consideration
the operating requirements within the system, we must remember that it is always best to install a n even number
of lines.
This is due to the fact that the possible reciprocal interferences between adjacent lines are cancelled out if two
apparatus with the same name are installed at the vertices of

the polygon obtained by the installation of the various lines: either two transmitters or two receivers.
Obviousl y, this can always only takes place when there is an even number of lines.
If it is not possible to install an even number of lines, careful considerations should be given to the possible
interferences for the correct choice of the most suitable vertex for the positioning of the transmitter near the
receiver.
The following illustrations show a number of typical cases, with the most appropriate solution. (FIG. 11)

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Figure 11 - Examples of correct solutions

6. 2) Length of each line

The identification of the length of each line makes it possible to purcha se the appropriate equipment and CIAS
supplies, in the same container, a range of four different capacities and dimensions of the sensitive field.

To better understand this subdivision, there follows a table illustrating the various models, sho wing the capacity
and the type of antenna used. (TAB. 2)

PARABOLA 10 cm PARABOLA 20 cm

ERMO 482 / 50 50 ­ERMO 482 / 80 - 80
ERMO 482 / 120 - 120
ERMO 482 / 200 - 200

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Table 2 - Capacity and antenna used for each model

6. 3) Land conditions

The soil is an enormous obstacle along the entire line, thus ables to exert a notable influence on the form o f
intrusion and the response to it.
To avoid shaded and hypersensitive zones, as much as possible, particular attention should be paid to the
conditions of the land.

It should be:

a) Fixed

We advise not to install the apparatus where there are vehicle weighbridges, long grass (over 10 cm), ponds,
streams and rivers, and all types of soul where conditions can change rapidly.
If this situation is not taken into consideration, there is the risk that the po sition o f t he soil could c hange rap idl y,
provoking false alarms. (FIG. 12)

Figure 12 - Interference in the sensible zone of high grass

b) Stable

We advise not to install the apparatus where the soil can alter, in the course of the time, because of natural
causes, such as sandy areas, or for man-made reasons, such as material deposits, where it is possible that the
protection zone changes its standard conditions after the installation. If this is not taken into consideration, the
alteration of the soil can lead to the creation of dead and hypersensitive zones with, in the first case, insensitive
areas and, in the latter, false alarms. (FIG. 13)

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Figure 13 - Formation of dead and hypersensitive zones due to the presence of various obstacles

c) Smooth

Be sure that the installation takes place along lines with ondulation of less than ± 20 cm. If the soil is not
perfectly flat, we must bear in mind that there will be zones of less sensitivity or even dead zones in the
depressions, while on the ridges we will find greater sensitivity or even hypersensitivity, with the result, once
again, of possible insensitive areas or false alarms. (FIG. 14)

Figure 14 - Formation of dead and hypersensitive zones due to excessively ondulation ground

6. 4) Nature of the soil

Bearing tha above in mind, there follows a list of the various types of terrain suitable for the installation of the
apparatus:

a) asphalt
b) concrete
c) beaten earth
d) gravel
e) lawn (with grass no higher than 10 cm)

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The following table summarises the possibility of carrying out a good installation on various possible soils, also
bearing in mind their conditions. (TAB. 3)

LAND COND ITIONS

TYPE

OF

TERRAIN

ASPHALT

CEMENT

GROUN D

GRAVEL

GRASS

METAL
WATER

SAND

VEGETATION

SMOOTH FIXED STABLE INCLINED

SI SI SI SI SI NO
SI SI SI SI SI NO
SI SI SI SI SI NO
SI SI SI SI SI NO

SI SI SI SI SI NO
NO NO NO NO NO NO
NO NO NO NO NO NO
NO NO NO NO NO NO
NO NO NO NO NO NO

WAVY
<20cm

WAVY
>20cm

Table 3 - Use of barriers in relation to the soil

6. 5) Presence of walls, fences, posts, trees, hedges and various obstacles

As we have already mentioned in the general description, any obstacle within the protection field brings about a
distortion of the shape and the alteration of the dimensions.
It should be borne in mind that the obstacles in proximity of the protection field can also cause distortions of the
field itself and, in addition, when these elements are movable, there is the possibility of false alarms.
In general walls, positioned longitudinally to the line, do not cause great problems, as they are fixed and poor
reflectors. But if they are partially transverse or project significantly into the protection field, bear in mind that
dead zones will be created behind them and the signal received could be insufficient to guarantee reliable
operation with regard to false alarms. (FIG. 15)

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