Century CB00001 User Manual
READ AND KEEP THIS MANUAL FOR REFERENCE
Installation and Operation Manual
(CB00001 m
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S244
US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY PHASE II CERTIFIED
ty tested according to ULC S627
and UL 1482 Standards
an accredited laboratory
international.com
sale is strictly prohibited. The manufacturer may update this
d from unauthorized
odel)
WOOD STOVE
After-
Safe
by
www.century-heating.com
Stove Builder International Inc.
St-Augustin-de-Desmaures
(Quebec) Canada G3A 2H3
-908-8002 E-mail: tech@sbi-
-
, UL 737
site. It is a
sources.
Printed in Canada
45596A
11-06-2015
Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
THANK YOU FOR CHOOSING THIS CENTURY WOOD STOVE
As one of North America’s largest and most respected wood stove and fireplace
manufacturers, Stove Builder International takes pride in the quality and performance of all
its products. We want to help you get maximum satisfaction as you use this product.
In the pages that follow you will find general advice on wood heating, detailed instructions
for safe and effective installation, and guidance on how to get the best performance from
this stove as you build and maintain fires, and maintain your wood heating system.
We recommend that our wood burning hearth products be installed and serviced by
professionals who are certified in the United States by NFI (National Fireplace Institute®) or
in Canada by WETT (Wood Energy Technology Transfer) or in Quebec by APC
(Association des Professionnels du Chauffage).
Congratulations on making a wise purchase.
When this stove is not properly installed, a house fire may result. To reduce the risk
of fire, follow the installation instructions. Contact local building or fire officials
about restrictions and installation inspection requirements in your area.
Please read this entire manual before you install and use your new stove. Failure to
follow instructions may result in property damage, bodily injury, or even death. It is
important that you follow the installations guidelines exactly.
You may need to obtain a building permit for the installation of this stove and the
chimney that it is connected to. Consult your municipal building department or fire
department before installation to determine the need to obtain one. We recommend
that you also inform your home insurance company to find out if the installation will
affect your policy.
REGISTER YOUR WARRANTY ONLINE
To receive full warranty coverage, you will need to show evidence of the
date you purchased your stove. Keep your sales invoice. We also
recommend that you register your warranty online at:
http://www.century-heating.com/en/service-support/warranty-registration
Registering your warranty online will help us to quickly track the
information we need about your stove.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
Table of content
PART A - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ............................... 6
1 Safety Information ..................................................................... 6
1.1
Summary of Operation and Maintenance Cautions and Warnings ......................... 6
2 General Information ................................................................... 7
2.1
Century S244 Specifications .................................................................................. 7
2.2
Zone Heating and How to Make it Work for You .................................................... 9
2.3
The Benefits of Low Emissions and High Efficiency ............................................. 10
2.4
The SBI Commitment to You and the Environment .............................................. 10
2.4.1 What is Your New Stove Made Of? .................................................................. 10
3 Fuel ........................................................................................... 11
3.1
Materials That Should Not be Burned .................................................................. 11
3.2
How to Prepare or Buy Good Firewood ................................................................ 11
3.2.1 What is Good Firewood? ................................................................................... 11
3.2.2 Tree Species ..................................................................................................... 11
3.2.3 Log Length ........................................................................................................ 12
3.2.4 Piece Size ......................................................................................................... 12
3.2.5 How to Dry Firewood......................................................................................... 13
3.2.6 Judging Firewood Moisture Content.................................................................. 14
3.3
Manufactured Logs ............................................................................................... 14
4 Operating Your Stove .............................................................. 15
4.1
The use of a fire screen. ....................................................................................... 15
4.2
Your First Fires ..................................................................................................... 15
4.3
Lighting Fires ........................................................................................................ 15
4.3.1 Conventional Fire Starting ................................................................................. 16
4.3.2 The Top Down Fire ........................................................................................... 16
4.3.3 Two Parallel Logs ............................................................................................. 17
4.3.4 Using Fire Starters ............................................................................................ 17
4.4
Maintaining Wood Fires ........................................................................................ 17
4.4.1 General Advice ................................................................................................. 17
4.4.2 Ash Removal ..................................................................................................... 18
4.4.3 Raking Charcoal ............................................................................................... 18
4.4.4 Firing Each New Load Hot ................................................................................ 19
4.4.5 Turning Down the Air Supply ............................................................................ 19
4.4.6 Building Different Fires for Different Needs ....................................................... 20
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
5 Maintaining Your Wood Heating System ............................... 23
5.1
Stove Maintenance ............................................................................................... 23
5.1.1 Cleaning Door Glass ......................................................................................... 23
5.1.2 Replacing the Door Gasket ............................................................................... 24
5.1.3 Replacing the Glass Gasket and/or the Glass .................................................. 24
5.1.4 Cleaning and Painting the Stove ....................................................................... 25
5.2
Chimney and Chimney Connector Maintenance .................................................. 25
5.2.1 Why Chimney Cleaning is Necessary ............................................................... 25
5.2.2 How Often Should You Clean the Chimney? .................................................... 25
5.2.3 Cleaning the Chimney ....................................................................................... 26
PART B - INSTALLATION ............................................................. 27
6 Safety Information ................................................................... 27
6.1
Summary of Installation Cautions and Warnings .................................................. 27
6.2
Regulations Covering Stove Installation ............................................................... 27
7 Clearances to Combustible Material ...................................... 28
7.1
Location of the certification label .......................................................................... 28
7.2
Clearances to Walls and Ceiling .......................................................................... 28
7.3
Floor protector ...................................................................................................... 30
7.4
Reducing Wall and Ceiling Clearances Safely ..................................................... 31
7.4.1 Shield Construction Rules ................................................................................. 31
7.4.2 Table of Clearance Reduction Percentages ...................................................... 32
8 The Venting System ................................................................ 33
8.1
General ................................................................................................................ 33
8.2
Suitable Chimneys ............................................................................................... 33
8.2.1 Factory-built Metal Chimneys ............................................................................ 33
8.2.2 Masonry Chimneys ........................................................................................... 34
8.3
Minimum Chimney Height .................................................................................... 34
8.4
The Relationship Between the Chimney and the House ...................................... 35
8.4.1 Why inside chimneys are preferred ................................................................... 35
8.4.2 Why the chimney should penetrate the highest heated space .......................... 36
8.5
Supply of Combustion Air ..................................................................................... 36
8.5.1 Air Supply in Conventional Houses ................................................................... 37
8.6
Installing the Chimney Connector......................................................................... 37
8.6.1 Installation of Single Wall Chimney Connector ................................................. 38
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
Appendix 1: Installing the Optional Fresh Air Intake Kit
(AC01331) ................................................................ 40
Appendix 2: Installing the Optional Fire Screen (AC01318) ..... 41
Appendix 3: Installation and Use of Optional Air Circulation
Blower and Thermodisc ......................................... 42
Appendix 4: Exploded Diagram and Parts List .......................... 44
CENTURY HEATING LIMITED LIFETIME WARRANTY .............. 46
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
PART A - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Please see Part B for installation instructions.
1 Safety Information
1.1 Summary of Operation and Maintenance Cautions and Warnings
•
HOT WHILE IN OPERATION, KEEP CHILDREN, CLOTHING AND FURNITURE
AWAY. CONTACT MAY CAUSE SKIN BURNS. GLOVES MAY BE NEEDED FOR
STOVE OPERATION.
•
USING A STOVE WITH CRACKED OR BROKEN COMPONENTS, SUCH AS GLASS
OR FIREBRICKS OR BAFFLES MAY PRODUCE AN UNSAFE CONDITION AND
MAY DAMAGE THE STOVE.
•
OPEN THE AIR CONTROL FULLY BEFORE OPENING FIRING DOOR.
•
THIS STOVE HAS BEEN TESTED FOR USE WITH AN OPEN DOOR IN
CONJUNCTION WITH A FIRE SCREEN (AC01318, SOLD SEPARATELY). THE
DOOR MAY BE OPEN OR FIRE SCREEN REMOVED ONLY DURING LIGHTING
PROCEDURES OR RELOADING. ALWAYS CLOSE THE DOOR OR PUT BACK
THE FIRE SCREEN AFTER IGNITION. DO NOT LEAVE THE STOVE UNATTENDED
WHEN THE DOOR IS OPENED WITH OR WITHOUT FIRE SCREEN.
•
NEVER USE GASOLINE, GASOLINE-TYPE LANTERN FUEL (NAPHTHA), FUEL
OIL, MOTOR OIL, KEROSENE, CHARCOAL LIGHTER FLUID, OR SIMILAR
LIQUIDS OR AEROSOLS TO START OR ‘FRESHEN UP’ A FIRE IN THIS STOVE.
KEEP ALL SUCH LIQUIDS OR AEROSOLS WELL AWAY FROM THE STOVE
WHILE IT IS IN USE.
•
DO NOT STORE FUEL WITHIN HEATER MINIMUM INSTALLATION CLEARANCES.
•
BURN ONLY SEASONED NATURAL FIREWOOD.
•
DO NOT BURN:
o GARBAGE OF ANY KIND,
o COAL OR CHARCOAL,
o TREATED, PAINTED OR COATED WOOD,
o PLYWOOD OR PARTICLE BOARD,
o FINE PAPER, COLORED PAPER OR CARDBOARD,
o SALT WATER DRIFTWOOD, OR
o RAILROAD TIES.
•
DO NOT ELEVATE THE FIRE BY USING A GRATE IN THIS STOVE.
•
THIS APPLIANCE SHOULD BE MAINTAINED AND OPERATED AT ALL TIMES IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THESE INSTRUCTIONS.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
2 General Information
2.1 Century S244 Specifications
Fuel Type Cordwood
Test Standards (safety) ULC S627, UL 737 and UL 1482
Test Standard (emissions) EPA Method 28 (40 CFR Part 60)
Heating capacity range* 250 to 1000 sq. ft. (23,2 to 92,9 m2)
Maximum heat output**
(EPA test fuel)
Maximum heat output**
(natural hardwood fuel)
Optimum efficiency 78,2 %
Test Standard (efficiency) CSA B415.1-10
Approximate Burn Time* 3 to 5 hours
Shipping Weight 233 lb (106 kg)
Firebox Volume 1,3 cu.ft. (0,037 m3)
Maximum Log Length 17" east-west***
Flue Outlet Diameter: 6" (150 mm) diameter (vertical)
Baffle Material Stainless steel and firebrick
* Burn time and heating capacity may vary subject to location in home, chimney draft,
chimney diameter, locality, heat loss factors, climate, fuels and other variables.
21 800 BTU/h (6,4 kW/h)
40 000 BTU/h (11,7 kW/h)
** The EPA test fuel is dimensional Douglas fir pieces stapled together into cribs with air
spaces between. We also test using the same procedure except using split hardwood
firewood to reflect real-world heat output. This stove is not intended to operate at its peak
heat output continuously.
*** East-west: through the door you see the sides of the logs; north-south: through the door
you see the ends of the logs.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
2.2 Zone Heating and How to Make it Work for You
Your new Century S244 wood stove is a space heater, which means it is intended to heat
the area it is installed in, as well as spaces that connect to that area, although to a lower
temperature. This is called zone heating and it is an increasingly popular way to heat
homes or spaces within homes.
Zone heating can be used to supplement another heating system by heating a particular
space within a home, such as a basement family room or an addition that lacks another
heat source.
Although the stove may be able to heat the main living areas of your house to an adequate
temperature, we strongly recommend that you also have a conventional oil, gas or electric
heating system to provide backup heating.
Your success with zone heating will depend on several factors, including the correct sizing
and location of the stove, the size, layout and age of your home and your climate zone.
Three-season vacation homes can usually be heated with smaller stoves than houses that
are heated all winter.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
2.3 The Benefits of Low Emissions and High Efficiency
The low smoke emissions produced by the special features inside the Century S244
firebox mean that your household will release up to 90 percent less smoke into the outside
environment than if you used an older conventional stove. But there is more to the
emission control technologies than protecting the environment.
The smoke released from wood when it is heated contains about half of the energy content
of the fuel. By burning the wood completely, your stove releases all the heat energy from
the wood instead of wasting it as smoke up the chimney. Also, the features inside the
firebox allow you to reduce the air supply to control heat output, while maintaining clean
and efficient flaming combustion, which boosts the efficient delivery of heat to your home.
The emission control and advanced combustion features of your stove can only work
properly if your fuel is in the correct moisture content range of 15 to 20 percent. See
Section A3.0 of this manual for suggestions on preparing fuelwood and judging its
moisture.
2.4 The SBI Commitment to You and the Environment
The SBI team are committed to protecting the environment, so we do everything we can to
use only materials in our products that will have no lasting negative impact on the
environment.
2.4.1 What is Your New Stove Made Of?
The body of your stove, which is most of its weight, is carbon steel. Should it ever become
necessary many years in the future, almost the entire stove can be recycled into new
products, thus eliminating the need to mine new materials.
The paint coat on your stove is very thin. Its VOC content (Volatile Organic Components)
is very low. VOCs can be responsible for smog, so all the paint used during the
manufacturing process meets the latest air quality requirements with regards to VOC
reduction or elimination.
Lightweight firebrick is made of pumice and cement. Pumice is in fact volcanic rock, a
naturally green product found in the Northwest United States. Disposal at a landfill is
recommended.
The door and glass gaskets are fibreglass which is spun from melted sand. Black gaskets
have been dipped into a solvent-free solution. Disposal at a landfill is recommended.
The door glass is a 5 mm thick ceramic material that contains no toxic chemicals. It is
basically made of raw earth materials such as sand and quartz that are combined in such
a way to form a glass at high temperatures. Ceramic glass will not re-melt in the same
way as normal glass, so it should not be recycled with your regular household products.
Disposal at a landfill is recommended.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
3 Fuel
3.1 Materials That Should Not be Burned
•
GARBAGE OF ANY KIND,
•
COAL OR CHARCOAL,
•
TREATED, PAINTED OR COATED WOOD,
•
PLYWOOD OR PARTICLE BOARD,
•
FINE PAPER, COLORED PAPER OR CARDBOARD,
•
SALT WATER DRIFTWOOD,
•
MANUFACTURED LOGS CONTAINING WAX OR CHEMICAL ADDITIVES,
•
RAILROAD TIES,
•
LIQUIDS SUCH AS KEROSCENE OR DIESEL FUEL TO START A FIRE.
3.2 How to Prepare or Buy Good Firewood
3.2.1 What is Good Firewood?
Good firewood has been cut to the correct length for the stove, split to a range of sizes and
stacked in the open until its moisture content is reduced to 15 to 20 per cent.
3.2.2 Tree Species
The tree species the firewood is produced from is less important than its moisture content.
The main difference in firewood from various tree species is the density of the wood.
Hardwoods are denser than softwoods. People who live in the coldest regions of North
America usually have only spruce, birch and poplar, other low-density species to burn and
yet they can heat their homes successfully.
Homeowners with access to both hardwood and softwood fuel sometimes use both types
for different purposes. For example, softer woods make good fuel for relatively mild
weather in spring and fall because they light quickly and produce less heat Softwoods are
not as dense as hardwoods so a given volume of wood contains less energy. Using
softwoods avoids overheating the house, which can be a common problem with wood
heating in moderate weather. Harder woods are best for colder winter weather when more
heat and longer burn cycles are desirable.
Note that hardwood trees like oak, maple, ash and beech are slower growing and longer
lived than softer woods like poplar and birch. That makes hardwood trees more valuable.
The advice that only hardwoods are good to burn is outdated. Old, leaky cast iron stoves
wouldn’t hold a fire overnight unless they were fed large pieces of hardwood. That is no
longer true. You can successfully heat your home by using the less desirable tree species
and give the forest a break at the same time.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
3.2.3 Log Length
Logs should be cut about 1” (25 mm) shorter than the firebox so they fit in easily. Pieces
that are even slightly too long make loading the stove very difficult. The most common
standard length of firewood is 16” (400 mm).
The pieces should be a consistent length, with a maximum of 1” (25 mm) variation from
piece to piece.
3.2.4 Piece Size
Firewood dries more quickly when it is split. Large unsplit rounds can take years to dry
enough to burn. Even when dried, unsplit logs are difficult to ignite because they don’t
have the sharp edges where the flames first catch. Logs as small as 3” (75 mm) should be
split to encourage drying.
Wood should be split to a range of sizes, from about 3” to 6” (75 mm to 150 mm) in cross
section. Having a range of sizes makes starting and rekindling fires much easier. Often,
the firewood purchased from commercial suppliers is not split finely enough for convenient
stoking. It is sometimes advisable to resplit the wood before stacking to dry.
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
3.2.5 How to Dry Firewood
Firewood that is not dry enough to burn is the cause of most complaints about wood
stoves. The complaints usually involve a lack of heat and dirty door glass.
Here are some things to consider in estimating drying time:
•
firewood takes a long time to dry
•
firewood bought from a dealer is rarely dry enough to burn, so it is advisable to buy the
wood in spring and dry it yourself
•
drying happens faster in dry weather than in damp, maritime climates
•
drying happens faster in warm summer weather than in winter weather
•
small pieces dry more quickly than large pieces
•
split pieces dry more quickly than unsplit rounds
•
softwoods take less time to dry than hardwoods
•
softwoods like pine, spruce, and poplar/aspen can be dry enough to burn after being
stacked in the open for only the summer months
•
hardwoods like oak, maple and ash can take one, or even two years to dry fully,
especially if the pieces are big
•
firewood dries more quickly when stacked in the open where it is exposed to sun and
wind; it takes much longer to dry when stacked in a wood shed
•
firewood that is ready to burn has a moisture content between15 and 20% by weight
and will allow your stove to produce its highest possible efficiency
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Century S244 Installation and Operation Manual
3.2.6 Judging Firewood Moisture Content
You can find out if some firewood is dry enough to burn by using these guidelines:
•
cracks form at the ends of logs as they dry
•
as it dries in the sun, the wood turns from white or cream coloured to grey or yellow,
•
bang two pieces of wood together; seasoned wood sounds hollow and wet wood
sounds dull,
•
dry wood is much lighter in weight than wet wood,
•
split a piece, and if the fresh face feels warm and dry it is dry enough to burn; if it feels
damp, it is too wet,
•
burn a piece; wet wood hisses and sizzles in the fire and dry wood does not.
You could buy a wood moisture meter to test your
firewood.
3.3 Manufactured Logs
Do not burn manufactured logs made of wax impregnated sawdust or logs with any
chemical additives. Manufactured logs made of 100% compressed sawdust can be
burned, but use caution in the number of these logs burned at one time. Start with one
manufactured log and see how the stove reacts. You can increase the number of logs
burned at a time to making sure the temperature never rises higher than 475 °F (246 °C)
on a magnetic thermometer for installation on single wall stove pipes or 900 °F (482 °C) on
a probe thermometer for installation on double wall stove pipe. The thermometer should
be placed about 18” (457 mm) above the stove. Higher temperatures can lead to overheat
and damage your stove.
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