SP50 -L/SP85-L Solar Panel
4/13
Copyright © 1987-2013
Campbell Scientific, Inc.
Warranty
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Table of Contents
PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the
PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.
1. General ........................................................................1
2. Specifications .............................................................1
3. Installation...................................................................3
3.1 Parts List ..............................................................................................3
3.2 Mounting..............................................................................................5
3.3 Orientation .........................................................................................11
3.4 Installation of CH200 Regulator ........................................................13
3.5 Installation of Morningstar SunSaver SS-10-12V Regulator .............14
4. Maintenance ..............................................................16
5. Power Considerations..............................................17
5.1 Proper Solar Power and Lead Acid Battery Sizes..............................17
5.2 Voltage Regulator ..............................................................................17
Figures
2-1. Wiring two solar panels to one controller ............................................2
3-1. Solar panel with 16 AWG cable...........................................................3
3-2. Mounting brackets included with the solar panel.................................3
3-3. Mounting hardware included with the solar panel ...............................4
3-4. Attach the arm brackets to the back of the solar panel.........................5
3-5. Use appropriate lock washers and flat washers to mount the arm
brackets to the solar panel.................................................................5
3-6. Right and left arm brackets are attached to the back of the solar
panel .................................................................................................6
3-7. Attach the mount to the back of the solar panel between right
and left arm brackets.........................................................................6
3-8. Use appropriate lock washers and flat washers. Two flat washers,
one on each side, are used for each Hex bolt....................................6
3-9. Two 5/16-18 x 2.0 u-bolts are used for pole or tripod mounting .........7
3-10. Lock washers and flat washers are used to secure the two 5/16-18
x 2.0 u-bolts to the solar panel mount...............................................7
3-11. The solar panel is ready for pole or tripod mounting ...........................8
3-12. The solar panel is mounted to a pole using two 5/16-18 x 2.0
u-bolts...............................................................................................8
3-13. Solar panel mounted on a tripod. Panel can be mounted to the
tripod leg...........................................................................................9
3-14. Two 5/16-18 x 1.5 u-bolts are attached to each side of the solar
panel mount for triangular tower mounting....................................10
3-15. Backside view of FIGURE 3-14 ........................................................10
i
Table of Contents
Tables
3-16. Angle settings on right and left arm brackets.................................... 12
3-17. CH200 wired to solar panel, CR1000, and battery............................ 14
3-18. Morningstar’s SunSaver SS-10-12V Regulator mounted on
an enclosure backplate ................................................................... 15
3-19. Battery terminal strip adapters for power connection to external
battery ............................................................................................ 16
3-1. Parts List.............................................................................................. 4
3-2. Solar Panel Tilt Angle* ..................................................................... 11
3-3. Configurations for Desired Angles.................................................... 12
ii
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
1. General
Solar panels are a photovoltaic power source used for providing power to the
system, as well as charging lead acid batteries. The solar panel is supplied with
a user-specified 16 AWG cable with two leads terminated with spade lugs.
This cable connects to the external voltage regulator. The voltage regulator is
not supplied with the solar panel, and must be purchased separately.
Campbell Scientific’s CH200 voltage regulator is recommended for use with
the BP12 and BP24 batteries. The CH200 with software version 5.00 or higher
can easily be used with the PB84/PS84 battery (Concorde Sun Xtender PVX840T) when configured through DevConfig version 2.01 or higher. EnerSys
Cyclon batteries can also be used with the CH200.
NOTE
CH200 OS version 4.0 can also be used with the PB84/PS84, but
requires each charging parameter to be set individually. See the
CH200 documentation for more information on setting charging
parameters.
The SunSaver SS-10-12V voltage regulator (CSI p/n 18529) is another option
for these solar panels, and it can be purchased from Campbell Scientific, Inc.
2. Specifications
SP50-L SP85-L
Typical peak power (Pp):
Voltage at peak power (Vpp):
(voltage from solar panel before
regulator)
Current at peak power (Ipp):
Temperature coefficient of power:
Length:
Width:
Depth:
50 W 85 W
17.5 V 17.8 V
2.9 A 4.8 A
─0.45% / ºC ─(0.5 ± 0.05)% / K
83.9 cm (33.0 in) 120.9 cm (47.6 in)
53.7 cm (21.1in) 53.7 cm (21.1 in)
5.0 cm (2.0 in) 5.0 cm (1.97 in)
NOTE
Weight:
Max. wind speed @ angles greater
than 35°:
The above solar panel characteristics assume a 1 kilowatt per
square meter illumination and a solar panel temperature of 25°C.
Individual panels may vary up to 5%. The output panel voltage
increases as the panel temperature decreases.
6 kg (13.2 lb) 7.7 kg (17.0 lb)
29 m/s (65 mph) 24 m/s (55 mph)
1
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
Regulator Specifications (purchased and shipped separately)
NOTE
Model
Temperature
compensation:
CH200
Variable, depending on
battery manufacturer.
Morningstar
SunSaver SS-10-12V
–28 mV/ºC
Selectable in DevConfig.
Self consumption:
Operating temperature:
Useable solar current:
300 µA to 2 mA 6 mA to 10 mA
–40º to +60ºC –40º to +85ºC
2.8 A to 4.3 A 10 A
Even though a solar panel’s “current at peak power” may exceed the CH200’s
“useable solar current” at noon, the higher output will be utilized during the
off-peak hours.
A second solar panel can be connected to the Morningstar
regulator when additional power is required. One Morningstar
SunSaver SS-10-12V regulator can handle two SP50 or SP85
solar panels.
SP85
SD945
Solar – Solar + (Sunsaver)
G Solar (CH200)
SD945
FIGURE 2-1. Wiring two solar panels to one controller
SP85
+–+–
2
3. Installation
3.1 Parts List
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
The solar panel ships with two items: one watt solar panel and one mounting
hardware package. The solar panel has a user-specified length of 16 AWG
cable wired into the junction box on the back of the panel as shown in FIGURE
3-1. The mounting hardware package contains the mounting brackets and
other parts necessary to mount the solar panel to a tripod or tower as shown in
FIGURE 3-2 and FIGURE 3-3.
FIGURE 3-1. Solar panel with 16 AWG cable
4
3
FIGURE 3-2. Mounting brackets included with the solar panel
2
3
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
56
7
9
10
8
11
13
14
12
FIGURE 3-3. Mounting hardware included with the solar panel
TABLE 3-1 shows the list of parts included in the mounting hardware package.
TABLE 3-1. Parts List
Item # Description Qty
1 Solar Panel 1
2 Right Arm Bracket 1
3 Left Arm Bracket 1
4 Mount 1
5 5/16-18 x 1.5 U-Bolt
4
with lock washers, flat washers, nuts
6 5/16-18 x 2.0 U-Bolt
2
with lock washers, flat washers, nuts
7 1/4-20 x 0.75 Hex bolt 4
8 1/4-20 Nut 4
4
9 Locke washer 4
10 Flat washer 4
11 5/16-18 x 0.75 Hex bolt 4
12 5/16-18 Nut 4
13 Lock washer 4
14 Flat washer 8
3.2 Mounting
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
The solar panel ships with mounting brackets. These brackets can be found in
the mounting hardware package. Remove the right and left arm brackets, as
well as the mount from the package. Attach the right and left arm brackets,
using 1/4-20 x 0.75 Hex bolt and nuts as shown in FIGURE 3-4. Use the
matching lock washers and flat washers as shown in FIGURE 3-5.
FIGURE 3-4. Attach the arm brackets to the back of the solar panel
FIGURE 3-5. Use appropriate lock washers and flat washers to mount
the arm brackets to the solar panel
5
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
FIGURE 3-6. Right and left arm brackets are attached to the back of
the solar panel
Attach the mount to the back of the solar panel between the right and left
brackets already in place as shown in FIGURE 3-7. Hint: jump to Section 3.3,
Orientation, to determine which holes to use in order to mount the panel at the
optimum angle for the site’s latitude. Use the 5/16-18 x 0.75 Hex bolt and nuts
along with the matching lock washers and flat washers. Use two flat washers,
one on each side, for each bolt as shown in FIGURE 3-8.
FIGURE 3-7. Attach the mount to the back of the solar panel between
right and left arm brackets
FIGURE 3-8. Use appropriate lock washers and flat washers. Two flat
washers, one on each side, are used for each Hex bolt.
6
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
For pole or tripod mounting, use the two 5/16-18 x 2.0 u-bolts included in the
package as shown in FIGURE 3-9, FIGURE 3-10, and FIGURE 3-11. It is
recommended that two people mount the solar panel.
FIGURE 3-9. Two 5/16-18 x 2.0 u-bolts are used for pole or tripod
mounting
FIGURE 3-10. Lock washers and flat washers are used to secure the
two 5/16-18 x 2.0 u-bolts to the solar panel mount
7
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
FIGURE 3-11. The solar panel is ready for pole or tripod mounting
The panel should be mounted facing the equator. The nuts fastening the solar
panel mount to the pole or the tripod mast should be as tight as possible
without bending the mount. See FIGURE 3-12 and FIGURE 3-13.
8
FIGURE 3-12. The solar panel is mounted to a pole using two 5/16-18
x 2.0 u-bolts
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
FIGURE 3-13. Solar panel mounted on a tripod. Panel can be
mounted to the tripod leg.
9
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
Alternatively, you can use four 5/16-18 x 1.5 u-bolts to mount the solar panels
to two legs of a triangular tower. Select the appropriate sets of holes in the
mount to match the width of the tower. See FIGURE 3-14 and FIGURE 3-15.
FIGURE 3-14. Two 5/16-18 x 1.5 u-bolts are attached to each side of
the solar panel mount for triangular tower mounting
10
FIGURE 3-15. Backside view of FIGURE 3-14
3.3 Orientation
The solar panel should be oriented to receive maximum insolation (incident
solar radiation) over the course of a year. Suggested tilt angles of the solar
panel are given in TABLE 3-2.
After determining the tilt angle, loosen the 5/16” nuts on each side of the solar
panel, and reposition the Hex bolt locations according to the hole location
settings shown in TABLE 3-3 to adjust the panel. Tighten the two nuts to
secure the position. See FIGURE 3-16.
Site Latitude (N or S) Tilt Angle
0 − 10° 10°
11 − 20° Latitude +5°
21 − 45 Latitude +10°
46 − 65 Latitude +15°
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
TABLE 3-2. Solar Panel Tilt Angle*
> 65
* From “Design Aids for Small PV Power Systems”, Solorex Corp.
80°
11
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
TABLE 3-3. Configurations for Desired Angles
Hole Locations Angle
Holes P and A Aligned with Holes 1 and Y 90
Holes P and A Aligned with Holes 1 and Z 80
Holes P and B Aligned with Holes 1 and Y 70
Holes P and B Aligned with Holes 1 and Z 60
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 1 and Y 50
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 1 and Z 40
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 2 and Y 30
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 2 and Z 20
12
1
Y
Y
Z
C
P
MOUNT
ARM BRACKETS
1
2
P
A
B
A
WITH P @ A AND Y @ 1, YOU WILL HAVE A 90º ANGLE.
FIGURE 3-16. Angle settings on right and left arm brackets
3.4 Installation of CH200 Regulator
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
NOTE
For safety reasons, completely cover the solar panel to limit
output current and voltage. If nothing is available to cover the
panel, be careful not to short solar panel (+) and (–) leads
together.
1. Using the supplied mounting hardware, install the CH200 on the
mounting plate of an environmental enclosure (see FIGURE 3-17).
Verify the On/Off switch is in the ‘Off’ position.
2a. Using the red and black power cable that ships with the BP12 or BP24,
plug the end with the two-pin connector into the receptacle on the CH200.
Attach the RED wire to the positive (+) terminal on the battery. Attach
the BLACK wire to the negative (–) terminal on the battery.
The LED on the regulator labeled ‘CHG’ SHOULD NOT be on.
2b. If using a deep cycle marine battery, install Battery Terminal Strip
Adapters (CSI p/n 4386) to each terminal of the battery as shown in
FIGURE 3-19. Using the red and black power cable that ships with the
CH200, plug the end with the two-pin connector into the receptacle on the
CH200. Connect the black cable to the “charge” terminal on the Battery
Terminal Strip Adapter installed on the battery’s negative terminal.
Connect the red cable to the “charge” terminal on the Battery Terminal
Strip Adapter installed on the battery’s positive terminal.
The LED on the regulator labeled ‘CHG’ SHOULD NOT be on.
4. Connect the BLACK (–) wire from the solar panel power cable to the G
terminal on the regulator located between the CHG and SOLAR
terminals. Connect the red (+) wire from the solar panel power cable to
the terminal labeled SOLAR on the regulator.
5. If charge current is available from the solar panel, the LED on the CH200
marked CHG will begin to flash GREEN. This indicates the battery is
charging and verifies proper operation and wiring of the regulator.
6. To supply power to the system, connect the RED power lead from a
datalogger to either 12V terminal on the CH200. Attach the BLACK
power lead from the datalogger to one of the two G terminals next to the
12V terminals.
13
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
CH200
To Solar Panel
Battery
CHG
CHG
G
SOLAR
CK BATT
CHG
OFF ON
OI
G
G
12V
12V
CR1000 Datalogger
FIGURE 3-17. CH200 wired to solar panel, CR1000, and battery
3.5 Installation of Morningstar SunSaver SS-10-12V Regulator
1. Using the supplied mounting hardware, install the Morningstar SunSaver
SS-10-12V regulator (CSI p/n 18529) on the mounting plate of an
environmental enclosure (see FIGURE 3-18).
2. If using deep cycle marine battery along with the SP50 or SP85 solar
panels, install Battery Terminal Strip Adapters (CSI p/n 4386) to each
terminal of the user-supplied deep cycle battery as shown in FIGURE
3-19.
3. Using the spade terminated ends of the supplied red and black power
cables, secure the black wire to terminal lug #1 marked battery (–) on the
regulator. Connect the pigtailed end of the black cable to the “charge”
terminal on the Battery Terminal Strip Adapter installed on the battery’s
negative terminal. Secure the red wire to terminal lug #2 marked battery
(+) on the regulator. Connect the pigtailed end of the red cable to the
“charge” terminal on the Battery Terminal Strip Adapter installed on the
battery’s positive terminal. With the battery connected and no solar panel
input, the green LED on the regulator marked CHARGING SHOULD
NOT be on.
14
4. Connect the black (–) wire from the solar panel power cable to terminal
lug #3 marked solar (–) on the regulator. Connect the red (+) wire from
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
the solar panel power cable to terminal lug #4 marked solar (+) on the
regulator. If using a sealed rechargeable battery, such as our BP24, BP84,
or PS84, then verify that the metal jumper is installed to configure the
regulator to recharge sealed rechargeable batteries (see FIGURE 3-18). If
using a flooded battery (e.g., deep cycle marine battery), then remove the
jumper. Also note that no connections are made on the load terminals of
the regulator for this application (see FIGURE 3-18).
5. If charge current is available from the solar panel, the green LED on the
regulator marked CHARGING WILL LIGHT UP. This will verify
proper operation and wiring of the regulator.
6. To supply power to the system, connect the power leads from dataloggers
and sensors to the “load” terminals on the Terminal Strip Adapters
installed on the battery terminals, positive leads to positive terminal, and
negative leads to negative terminal of the battery.
NOTE
The Morningstar SunSaver SS-10-12V regulator is shipped with
the jumper INSTALLED. If you are using flooded batteries,
such as a deep cycle marine battery, REMOVE the jumper
before installing the regulator.
M O R N I N G S T A R
UN AVER-
SS
S O L A R C O N T R O L L E R SS-1--12V
Nominal Rating
12 Volts dc
Solar In 10A
Load 10A
See Operator’s
!
Manual
SOLAR
4
10
BATTERY
2
3
CHARGING
TEMP SENSOR
12V
LOAD
15
6
SEALED
OR
FLOODED
SELECT
R
emove
Jumper
Wire for
Flooded
Battery
FIGURE 3-18. Morningstar’s SunSaver SS-10-12V Regulator mounted
on an enclosure backplate
15
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
L
LOAD CHARGE
L
OAD
CHARGE
Terminal Strip
Adapter
Deep Cycle
Battery
FIGURE 3-19. Battery terminal strip adapters for power connection to
4. Maintenance
BATTERY
POST
BATTERY
POST
external battery
WIRING DIAGRAM FOR CSI PN4386 BATTERY TERMINAL BUS
CHARGE
14 Amp FUSE
LOAD
5 Amp FUSE
CHARGE
14 Amp FUSE
LOAD
5 Amp FUSE
TO CHARGER’S BATTERY “+” TERMINAL
TO LOGGER OR RADIO OR OTHER LOAD’S “+” TERMINA
TO CHARGER’S BATTERY “-” TERMINAL
TO LOGGER OR RADIO OR OTHER LOAD’S “-” TERMINAL
16
An occasional cleaning of the glass improves the solar panel’s efficiency. If a
problem with the solar panel is suspected, the panel may be checked by
measuring the voltage output. Check the voltage with a voltmeter connected
between the two leads of the solar panel. There must be solar radiation
incident on the panel and there must be a load connected to the solar panel.
The load can be the datalogger, other equipment, or a 75 ohm resistor capable
of dissipating solar panel power between the two leads. No voltage output
implies a bad solar panel, regulator, or cable. The magnitude of the voltage
output depends on the incident solar radiation.
For help in troubleshooting the solar panels, please contact Campbell
Scientific, Inc. applications engineers.
5. Power Considerations
5.1 Proper Solar Power and Lead Acid Battery Sizes
The solar panel converts light energy to electricity, or specifically to direct
current. The direct current produced is used to provide power to the system
and to charge lead acid batteries.
The solar panel operates in both direct and diffuse light (cloudy days), but not
at night.
The minimum battery size and solar panel output required depend on 1) the
average current drain of the system, 2) the maximum time the battery must
supply power to the system without being charged, and 3) the location of the
site. When some batteries are discharged below a specified voltage, the battery
becomes damaged and cannot be recharged.
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
On the average, the solar panel must be able to provide at least the amount of
power necessary to operate the system for 24 hours. This means that the solar
panels should not only be able to supply power to the system during the day,
but it should also be able to provide power necessary to charge the battery for
the power lost during the night. In addition, the battery must have enough
capacity to power the system during times of no charging (night) and a few
days of low charging (cloudy and stormy days). For additional help in
computing power budget for a specific system, please contact Campbell
Scientific, Inc. applications engineers.
5.2 Voltage Regulator
The regulator has two basic functions: 1) blocks any current flow from the
battery to the solar panel, and 2) limits the source current to the battery.
Campbell Scientific’s CH200 is microcontroller-based smart charge controller
that is ideal for an external rechargeable 12 Vdc VRLA battery such as
Campbell Scientific’s BP12 or BP24. The controller manages amperage and
voltage for safe, optimized battery charging from a solar panel or AC power
sources. It also measures various input, output, and status parameters to allow
close monitoring of the battery.
The Morningstar SunSaver SS-10-12V regulator can also be purchased from
CSI, and it is not shipped with a solar panel. The regulator connects to the
battery via the 15’ long 16AWG cable shipped with the regulator.
The regulator and battery should be housed in an environmental enclosure.
Mounting brackets are included with the regulator for attachment to an
enclosure backplate.
17
SP50-L/SP85-L Solar Panel
18
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