SP5, SP10, SP10R,
SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
Revision: 11/13
Copyright © 1987-2013
Campbell Scientific, Inc.
Warranty
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warranted by Campbell Scientific, Inc. (“Campbell”) to be free from defects in
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Logan, Utah 84321-1784
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Table of Contents
PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the
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1. General ........................................................................1
2. Specifications .............................................................1
3. Installation...................................................................2
3.1 Mounting..............................................................................................2
3.2 Orientation ...........................................................................................5
4. Maintenance ................................................................7
5. Power Considerations................................................8
5.1 Solar Power and Lead Acid Batteries...................................................8
5.2 Voltage Regulator ................................................................................8
Appendix
Solar Panel Connector ........................................... A-1
A.
Figures
3-1. SP5 mounting.......................................................................................2
3-2. SP10, SP10R mounting........................................................................3
3-3. Solar panel orientation .........................................................................3
3-4. Solar panel mounting ...........................................................................4
3-5. Regulated solar panel and external battery...........................................5
3-6. Adjust the tilt angle of the SP10...........................................................6
3-7. Angle settings on mounting bracket of SP20 .......................................7
A-1. Connector wiring............................................................................. A-1
Tables
3-1. Solar Panel Tilt Angle*........................................................................5
3-2. Configurations for Desired Angles of SP20.........................................7
i
Table of Contents
ii
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R
Solar Panels
1. General
Solar panels provide a photovoltaic power source for charging lead acid
batteries.
The SP5 has an output level that will allow it to be connected directly to the
“Charge +” and “Charge –” terminals on the CR200(X)-series dataloggers.
The CR200(X) will then charge a 12 Vdc (7 A h or less) battery attached to the
“Battery +” and “Battery –” terminals. Batteries larger than 7 A h are not
recommended as they may produce excessive heat on the CR200(X) circuit
board.
The SP10 10-watt and SP20 20-watt solar panels are intended to recharge the
gel cell lead acid batteries incorporated in the PS100, PS200, CR3000,
CR5000, CR7, and CR9000(X), as well as the BP12 and BP24 battery packs.
Either a CH100 or CH200 is also required when recharging a BP12 or BP24.
The SP10 and SP20 have two leads stripped and tinned to insert into the
terminals labeled CHARGE on the PS100, PS200, CH100, CH200, or
CR9000(X). The two wires attach to the green connector on the side of a
CR3000 or CR5000 datalogger. With a CR7, the two wires from the solar
panel are inserted into the terminals marked SOLAR PANEL located
underneath the 700X Control Module. An external gel cell or AGM lead acid
battery can be connected to the CR7 at the terminals marked EXTERNAL
BATTERY next to the SOLAR PANEL terminals.
The SP10 or SP20 must have a barrel connector (pn 788) to plug into the
retired 21XL Micrologger. See Appendix A for details.
The SP10R 10-watt and SP20R 20-watt regulated solar panels have two
stripped and tinned leads for connection to a user-supplied flooded lead acid
battery such as a deep-cycle marine or RV battery.
2. Specifications
Typical peak power (Pp) 4.5 W 10 W 20 W
Voltage @ peak power (Vpp)
(voltage from solar panel before regulator)
Current @ peak power (Ipp) 0.27 A 0.57 A 1.17 A
Guaranteed minimum peak power 4.05 W 9 W 18 W
Approximate effect of temperature on power
Length, cm 25.1 42.0 50.1
Width, cm 26.9 26.9 42.2
Depth, cm 2.3 2.3 5.0
Weight, kg 0.8 1.50 2.95
SP5 SP10/SP10R SP20/SP20R
16.5 V 17.5 V 17.1 V
─0.45% / °C ─0.37% / °C ─0.38% / °C
1
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
NOTE
3. Installation
3.1 Mounting
The above solar panel characteristics assume a 1 kilowatt per
square meter illumination and a solar panel temperature of 25°C.
Individual panels may vary up to 10%. The output panel voltage
increases as the panel temperature decreases.
Compatible batteries:
SP10/SP20 SP10R/SP20R
12 V gel cell or AGM lead acid
batteries such as the batteries used
with the PS100, BP12, BP24,
CR3000, CR5000, CR7, and
CR9000(X).
The solar panel mounts to the mast or leg of a tripod, or any 1 5/8” schedule 40
pipe. Refer to FIGURE 3-1 (SP5), FIGURE 3-2 (SP10, SP10R), or FIGURE
3-3 (SP20, SP20R) for mounting the solar panel to a tripod mast. FIGURE 3-4
shows the solar panel mounted on a tripod leg.
User-supplied 12 V flooded batteries
such as a deep cycle marine or RV
battery.
SP5
Nut
FIGURE 3-1. SP5 mounting
Lock Washer
U-bolt
Flat Washer
2
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
Nut
SP10
Flat Washer
Lock Washer
U-bolt
Tilt Angle
Adjustment
Bolt
FIGURE 3-2. SP10, SP10R mounting
Tilt Angle
Solar Panel
α
FIGURE 3-3. Solar panel orientation
3
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
(
)
GILL RADIATION SHIELD
DATALOGGER ENCLOSURE
SOLAR PA NEL ON M AST
SOLAR PANEL ON LEG
ALTERNATE P OSITION
FIGURE 3-4. Solar panel mounting
The solar panel is oriented to face the equator, and then mounted to the mast
using the U-bolts and 5/16 NC (course) nuts provided with the panel. The nuts
fastening the bracket to the pipe must be as tight as possible without bending
the bracket.
If the SP10 or SP20 solar panel is being used, route the solar panel cable to the
datalogger power supply and charging circuitry. If the SP10R or SP20R is being
used, attach the leads of the solar panel directly to the external battery with a usersupplied connector. FIGURE 3-5 shows an example of a regulated solar panel
connected to an external battery to run a radiotelemetry system.
4
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
FIGURE 3-5. Regulated solar panel and external battery
3.2 Orientation
The solar panel should be oriented to receive maximum insolation (incident
solar radiation) over the course of a year. TABLE 3-1 suggests optimal angles
for the solar panel through a range of latitudes.
NOTE
The SP5 mounting bracket has a fixed tilt angle that cannot be
adjusted.
RF MODEM
DATALOGGER
RADIO
MSX1 0R
Solar Panel
12 V BATTERY
TABLE 3-1. Solar Panel Tilt Angle*
Site Latitude (N or S) Tilt Angle
0° − 10° 10°
11° − 20° Latitude +5°
21° − 45° Latitude +10°
46° − 65° Latitude +15°
> 65°
80°
* From “Design Aids for Small PV Power Systems,” Solorex Corp.
For the SP10 and SP10R, once the proper tilt angle has been determined, adjust
the angle by loosening the two tilt angle adjustment bolts (FIGURE 3-6) and
rotating the solar panel to the correct tilt angle. Tighten the tilt angle
adjustment bolts to secure the solar panel.
5
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
Tilt Angle
Adjustment
Bolt
FIGURE 3-6. Adjust the tilt angle of the SP10
For the SP20 and SP20R, the angle is set by the alignment of holes on the
mount and arm brackets (FIGURE 3-7). Refer to TABLE 3-2 to determine
which holes need to be aligned for the correct angle. Use the following
procedure to mount the solar panel.
1. Insert a bolt through the correct upper hole on each arm bracket (hole 1 or
2) and through the upper opening (Y and Z) in the mount.
2. Place a washer and nut on the end of each upper bolt, but do not tighten
the nuts.
3. Insert a bolt through the correct lower hole on each arm bracket (hole A,
B, or C) and through hole P on the mount.
4. Once again, place washers and nuts on the end of each bolt, but do not
tighten the nuts.
5. Slide the upper bolts into the correct position (Y or Z) on the bracket, and
fully tighten all four nuts.
6
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
FIGURE 3-7. Angle settings on mounting bracket of SP20
TABLE 3-2. Configurations for Desired Angles of SP20
Holes P and A Aligned with Holes 1 and Y 90°
Holes P and A Aligned with Holes 1 and Z 80°
Holes P and B Aligned with Holes 1 and Y 70°
Holes P and B Aligned with Holes 1 and Z 60°
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 1 and Y 50°
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 1 and Z 40°
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 2 and Y 30°
Holes P and C Aligned with Holes 2 and Z 20°
4. Maintenance
An occasional cleaning of the glass improves the solar panel’s efficiency. Use
a soft sponge and warm water with a small amount of dishwashing detergent to
gently clean the solar panel of any dust, grime, or bird droppings. Use a soft,
dry cloth or squeegee to remove any residual water from the panel.
Hole Locations Angle
If a problem with the solar panel is suspected, the panel may be checked by
measuring the voltage output. Check the voltage with a voltmeter connected
between the two leads of the solar panel. There must be solar radiation
incident on the panel and there must be a load connected to the solar panel.
The load can be the datalogger, other equipment, or a 75 ohm resistor capable
of dissipating solar panel power between the two leads. No voltage output
7
SP5, SP10, SP10R, SP20, and SP20R Solar Panels
implies a bad solar panel, regulator, or cable. The magnitude of the voltage
output depends on the incident solar radiation.
5. Power Considerations
5.1 Solar Power and Lead Acid Batteries
The solar panel converts light energy to electricity, or specifically direct
current. The direct current produced is used as a charging source for lead acid
batteries.
The solar panel operates in both direct and diffuse light (cloudy days), but not
at night.
The minimum battery size and solar panel output required depends on 1) the
average current drain of the system, 2) the maximum time the battery must
supply power to the system without being charged, and 3) the location of the
site. When some batteries are discharged below a specified voltage, the battery
becomes damaged and cannot be recharged.
The battery supplies power directly to the operating system; the solar panel
supplies power to recharge the battery. The solar panel must provide at least as
much power to the battery as is being used by the system.
The battery must have enough capacity to power the system during times of no
charging (night) or low charging (stormy winter days).
5.2 Voltage Regulator
The solar panel must be regulated either with a Campbell Scientific regulator
or an attached regulator. The regulator has two basic functions: 1) blocking
any current flow from the battery to the solar panel, and 2) limiting the source
current to the battery.
The SP5 may be connected directly to the “Charge +” and “Charge ─”
terminals on the CR200(X) datalogger. Otherwise, the SP5 must be connected
to a Campbell Scientific PS100, PS200, CH100, or CH200 voltage regulator.
The SP10 and SP20 must be connected to a Campbell Scientific voltage
regulator. Campbell Scientific voltage regulators include the PS100, PS200,
CH100, CH200, and the voltage regulator integrated in the base of our
CR3000, CR5000, CR7, and CR9000(X) dataloggers.
The SP10R and SP20R have an on-board voltage regulator that connects
directly to a user-supplied flooded lead-acid battery such as a deep-cycle
marine or RV battery.
8
Appendix A. Solar Panel Connector
The SP10 and SP20 solar panels are shipped with the two lead wires stripped
and tinned. A barrel connector (pn 788) connector must be attached to use an
SP10 or SP20 with the 21XL.
With the connector, the cable can be inserted directly into the 21XL Charging
Port on the side of the micrologger.
If it is necessary to solder the connector on the cable, please refer to the
diagram below.
pn 788
FIGURE A-1. Connector wiring
A-1
Appendix A. Solar Panel Connector
A-2
Campbell Scientific Companies
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