Campbell Scientific RAWS-H Remote Automated Weather Station User Manual
RAWS-H Remote
Automated Weather Station
Revision: 12/13
Copyright © 2006-2013
Campbell Scientific, Inc.
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Table of Contents
PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the
PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.
1. Introduction.................................................................1
2. Getting Started............................................................3
3. Station Siting and Orientation ...................................3
3.1 General Description .............................................................................3
3.2 Air Temperature and Relative Humidity..............................................3
3.3 Precipitation .........................................................................................4
3.4 Solar Radiation.....................................................................................4
3.5 Wind Speed and Direction ...................................................................4
3.6 Barometric Pressure .............................................................................4
3.7 Fuel Moisture and Fuel Temperature ...................................................4
4. Sensor Wiring .............................................................4
4.1 Air Temperature and Relative Humidity..............................................4
4.2 Rain Gage.............................................................................................5
4.3 Solar Radiation.....................................................................................5
4.4 Wind Speed and Direction ...................................................................6
4.4.1 SDI-12 Sensor...............................................................................6
4.5 Fuel Moisture and Fuel Temperature ...................................................6
4.6 Barometric Pressure .............................................................................7
5. Equipment Wiring and Troubleshooting ..................7
5.1 Solar Panels..........................................................................................7
5.1.1 General Description ......................................................................7
5.1.2 Wiring...........................................................................................8
5.1.3 Troubleshooting ............................................................................8
5.2 Charger/Regulator ................................................................................8
5.2.1 General Description ......................................................................8
5.2.2 Wiring...........................................................................................9
5.2.3 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................10
5.3 Battery................................................................................................10
5.3.1 General Description ....................................................................10
5.3.2 Wiring.........................................................................................10
5.3.3 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................10
5.4 GOES Transmitter..............................................................................11
5.4.1 General Description ....................................................................11
5.4.2 Wiring.........................................................................................12
5.4.3 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................13
5.5 CR1000 Keyboard/Display ................................................................13
5.5.1 General Description ....................................................................13
5.5.2 Wiring.........................................................................................14
5.5.3 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................14
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Table of Contents
5.6
CR1000 Datalogger ........................................................................... 14
5.6.1 General Description.................................................................... 14
5.6.2 Wiring ........................................................................................ 15
5.6.3 Troubleshooting ......................................................................... 15
6. Desiccant ...................................................................15
7. Sensor and Equipment Maintenance ......................15
8. References.................................................................16
9. RAWS Orientation .....................................................16
9.1 Determining True North and Sensor Orientation .............................. 16
9.2 USGS Web Calculator....................................................................... 19
Appendix
A.
Equipment Wiring and Connector Panel
Jumper Location................................................... A-1
Figures
1-1. Color coded, keyed connector panel.................................................... 1
1-2. Inside environmental enclosure (optional equipment shown) ............. 2
5-1. 12 volt charger/regulator ..................................................................... 9
5-2. GOES transmitter .............................................................................. 12
5-3. CR1000 keyboard/display ................................................................. 13
5-4. CR1000 and printed circuit wiring panel........................................... 14
9-1. Magnetic declination for the contiguous United States ..................... 17
9-2. A declination angle east of True North (positive) is subtracted
from 360 (0) degrees to find True North........................................ 18
9-3. A declination angle west of True North (negative) is subtracted
from 0 (360) degrees to find True North........................................ 18
9-4. USGS web calculator ........................................................................ 19
A-1. RAWS-H equipment wiring............................................................ A-1
A-2. RAWS-H connector panel schematic 1 of 2.................................... A-2
A-3. RAWS-H connector panel schematic 2 of 2.................................... A-3
A-4. RAWS-H connector panel jumper location..................................... A-4
Tables
4-1. TEMP/RH Connector (color coded orange)........................................ 5
4-2. PRECIP Connector (color coded blue)................................................ 5
4-3. SOLAR RAD SDI-12 Connector (color coded green)........................ 5
4-4. WS/WD Connector (color coded red) ................................................. 6
4-5. SDI-12 Connector (color coded yellow).............................................. 6
4-6. FM/FT Connector (color coded brown) .............................................. 7
4-7. CS100-QD Wiring............................................................................... 7
5-1. GOES Transmitter Connections ........................................................ 12
ii
RAWS-H Remote Automated Weather
Station
1. Introduction
The RAWS-H allows customers who own a Handar Data Collection Platform
to upgrade to a Campbell Scientific Remote Automated Weather Station, while
using the sensors and tower that they already own. The RAWS-H contains an
aluminum 14- by 18-in. environmental enclosure, a CR1000M Module, a 12
Vdc sealed rechargeable battery, a CH100 regulator, a Handar sensor connector
panel, a wiring panel, and a CR1000KD Keyboard Display.
Handar sensors that measure wind speed and direction, air temperature and
relative humidity, precipitation, and solar radiation can be attached to the
Handar sensor connector panel. The RAWS-H provides a wiring panel for
attaching additional sensors that measure barometric pressure, fuel moisture or
temperature, snow depth, or stream flow.
NOTE
FIGURE 1-1. Color coded, keyed connector panel
Keep this manual and the CR1000KD Keyboard Display with
the RAWS. Review the station siting and orientation section
before field deployment. If a problem is encountered, review the
troubleshooting sections in this manual and Appendix A,
Equipment Wiring and Connector Panel Jumper Location.
1
RAWS-H Remote Automated Weather Station
(1)
Connect
battery
SC12
Cable
CR1000KD
packed in foam
(may go here)
Battery
TX320
GOES
Transmitter
VSP3
Vosponder
(2)
Turn on
CH100
CR1000
power in
NOTE
RF Radio
CS100
Barometer
CR1000
Datalogger
CR1000 Wiring Panel
FIGURE 1-2. Inside environmental enclosure (optional equipment
shown)
Customized Handar sensor programming can be developed for a
nominal fee. Program development will require datalogger
support software (LoggerNet or PC400) purchased from
Campbell Scientific.
2
2. Getting Started
Set up and test your station before field deployment.
RAWS-H Remote Automated Weather Station
NOTE
NOTE
Keep this manual and the CR1000KD Keyboard Display with
the RAWS.
Review the station siting and orientation section before field deployment. If a
problem is encountered, review the equipment wiring and troubleshooting
sections in this manual.
After siting and leveling the RAWS, open the enclosure and (1) connect the
battery cable and (2) verify the CH100 switch is in the ‘on’ position.
When this equipment is not in use (for example, transport or
storage), disconnect battery cable to the CH100.
3. Station Siting and Orientation
3.1 General Description
Selecting an appropriate site for the RAWS is critical in order to obtain
accurate meteorological data. In general, the site should be representative of
the general area of interest and away from the influence of obstructions such as
buildings and trees.
WARNING
If any part of the weather station comes in contact with
power lines, you could be killed. Contact local utilities
for the location of buried utility lines before digging or
driving ground rods.
See Section 8, References, for a list of references that discuss siting
recommendations.
3.2 Air Temperature and Relative Humidity
A temperature and relative humidity (RH) sensor should be located over an
open level area at least 9 m in diameter (EPA). The surface should be covered
by short grass, or where grass does not grow, the natural earth surface. The
sensor must be housed inside a radiation shield and adequately ventilated.
Situations to avoid include:
• large industrial heat sources
• rooftops
• steep slopes
• sheltered hollow
• high vegetation
• shaded areas
• swamps
3
RAWS-H Remote Automated Weather Station
• areas where snow drifts occur
• low places holding standing water after rains
3.3 Precipitation
A rain gage should be located over an open level area covered by short grass,
or where grass does not grow, the natural earth surface. Level the rain gage.
3.4 Solar Radiation
A solar radiation sensor should be located to avoid shadows on the sensor at
any time. Orient the solar radiation sensor where the solar radiation sensor
faces the equator minimizing the chance of shading from other weather station
structures. Reflective surfaces and sources of artificial radiation should be
avoided. Level the solar radiation sensor.
3.5 Wind Speed and Direction
A wind sensor should be located over open level terrain and at a distance of at
least ten times (EPA) the height of any nearby building, tree, or other
obstruction.
3.6 Barometric Pressure
The CS100 barometric pressure sensor can be mounted to the back plate inside
the RAWS environmental enclosure.
3.7 Fuel Moisture and Fuel Temperature
The fuel moisture and fuel temperature sensor should be left outside at the field
site continually exposed to the same conditions as forest fuels. The fuel
moisture and fuel temperature dowel rods absorb and desorb moisture from its
surroundings. Install the probes horizontally on the mounting stake and face
the sensors towards the equator above a representative forest floor duff layer.
Place the sensor away from foot traffic areas.
4. Sensor Wiring
4.1 Air Temperature and Relative Humidity
The temperature/RH sensor attaches to the connector labeled TEMP/RH; this
connector is color coded orange. This sensor is internally wired from the
RAWS connector panel to the CR1000 datalogger.
4
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