This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship.
This guarantee applies for twelve months from date of delivery. We will
repair or replace products which prove to be defective during the guarantee
period provided they are returned to us prepaid. T he guarantee will not apply
to:
• Equipment which has been modified or altered in any way without the
written permission of Campbell Scientific
• Batteries
• Any product which has been subjected to misuse, neglect, acts of God or
damage in transit.
Campbell Scientific will return guaranteed equipment by surface carrier
prepaid. Campbell Scientific will not reimburse the claimant for costs incurred
in removing and/or reinstalling equipment. This guarantee and the Company’s
obligation thereunder is in lieu of all other guarantees, expressed or implied,
including those of suitability and fitness for a particular purpose. Campbell
Scientific is not liable for consequential damage.
Please inform us before returning equipment and obtain a Repair Reference
Number whether the repair is under guarantee or not. Please state the faults as
clearly as possible, and if the product is out of the guarantee period it should
be accompanied by a purchase order. Quotations for repairs can be given on
request. It is the policy of Campbell Scientific to protect the health of its
employees and provide a safe working environment, in support of this policy a
“Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination” form will be
issued for completion.
When returning equipment, the Repair Reference Num ber must be clearly
marked on the outside of the package. Complete the “Declaration of
Hazardous Material and Decontamination” form and ensure a completed copy
is returned with your goods. Please note your Repair may not be processed if
you do not include a copy of this form and Campbell Scientific Ltd reserves
the right to return goods at the customers’ expense.
Note that goods sent air freight are subject to Customs clearance fees which
Campbell Scientific will charge to customers. In many cases, these charges are
greater than the cost of the repair.
Campbell Scientific Ltd,
Campbell Park, 80 Hathern Road,
Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX, UK
Tel: +44 (0) 1509 601141
Fax: +44 (0) 1509 601091
Email: support@campbellsci.co.uk
www.campbellsci.co.uk
PLEASE READ FIRST
About this manual
Some useful conversion factors:
Area: 1 in
Length: 1 in. (inch) = 25.4 mm
1 ft (foot) = 304.8 mm
1 yard = 0.914 m
1 mile = 1.609 km
2
(square inch) = 645 mm2
Mass: 1 oz. (ounce) = 28.35 g 1 lb (pound weight) = 0.454 kg
Pressure: 1 psi (lb/in
Volume: 1 UK pint = 568.3 ml
1 UK gallon = 4.546 litres
1 US gallon = 3.785 litres
2
) = 68.95 mb
Recycling information
At the end of this product’s life it should not be put in commercial or domestic refuse
but sent for recycling. Any batteries contai ned within the product or used during the
products life should be removed from the product and also be sent to an appropriate
recycling facility.
Campbell Scientific Ltd can advise on the recycling of the equipment and in some cases
arrange collection and the correct disposal of it, although charges may apply for some
items or territories.
For further advice or support, please contact Campbell Scientific Ltd, or your local agent.
Campbell Scientific Ltd, Campbell Park, 80 Hathern Road, Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX, UK
Tel: +44 (0) 1509 601141 Fax: +44 (0) 1509 601091
Email: support@campbellsci.co.uk
www.campbellsci.co.uk
Contents
PDF viewers note: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use
the Adobe Acrobat® bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.
Section 1. General Information ...................................... 1
1.1 Manual Version .......................................................................................... 1
1.2 General Safety ............................................................................................ 1
1.3 Sensor Unit Safety ...................................................................................... 1
4-1. Function of the connector pins .............................................................. 13
5-1. Summary of the terminal mode commands available ............................ 21
ii
CS135 Ceilometer
1. General Information
1.1 Manual Version
Manual Version Revisions
Applicable to Operating System OS1
Applicable to Operat ing System OS2,
Top Board OS2, PSU OS1
Applicable to Operat ing System OS3,
Top Board OS2, PSU OS1
Applicable to Operat ing System OS6,
Top Board OS5, PSU OS1
1.2 General Safety
This manual provides important safety considerations for the installation,
operation and maintenance of the CS135. These safety considerations are
classified into three levels:
WARNING
Warnings alert the installer or user to serious hazards.
Ignoring these warnings could result in injury or death
and/or irrevocable damage to the sensor unit.
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Table 1.1 Manual revisions
N/A
CAUTION
NOTE
Cautions warn of potential hazards. Ignoring these cautions
could result in the sensor being damaged and data being lost.
Notes highlight useful information in the installation, use and
maintenance of this product. These should be followed carefully in
order to gain the maximum benefit from the use of this product.
1.3 Sensor Unit Safety
The CS135 sensor has been checked for safety before leaving the factory and
contains no internally replaceable or modifiable parts.
WARNING
Do not modify the CS135 unit. Such modifications will
lead to damage of the unit and could expose users to
dangerous light levels and voltages.
1
CS135 Ceilometer
CAUTION
Ensure that the correct voltage supply is provided to the sensor.
1.4 Laser Safety
The CS135 sensor incorporates a laser diode which is rated as a class 3B device.
This is an embedded laser where the output from the sensor unit, through the
optics, is minimised to class 1M. This classification indicates that viewing of the
beam with the naked eye is safe but looking directly into the beam with optical
instruments, e.g. binoculars can be dangerous.
From the laser head the output has the following characteristics:
Maximum pulse energy: 73 nJ
Pulse duration: 100 ns
Pulse frequency 10 kHz
Wavelength: 905 nm
EN 60825-1:2001
The sensor is marked with the following warning:
INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION
DO NOT VIEW DIRECTLY WITH OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
CLASS 1M LASER PRODUCT
WARNING
WARNING
Removing the laser module with the power applied to the
CS135 or battery connected may expose the user to
hazardous class 3B laser radiation.
No attempt should be made to operate the laser module
outside of the housing.
Check that the laser w arning label on the sensor is still
visible and can be clearly read on an annual basis.
When installing the sensor avoid pointing the laser
housing towards areas where binoculars are in common
use.
1.5 Electrical Safety
As the sensor is powered from potentially hazardous mains voltages the wiring of
its power supply should only be carried out by personnel qualified to install
electrical equipment. For permanent installations outside, this usually requires a
certified electrician who is also familiar with local electrical and safety legislation.
Some general guidance is given in section 5.5, but the responsibility for the
installation lies with that installer.
2
User Guide
NOTE
WARNING
The unit should only be serviced by trained personnel.
Removal of electronic module covers or connectors
while the unit is powered will expose the operator to
potentially hazardous voltages and risk damage to the
sensor.
2. Product Overview
Fig 2.1 CS135 Ceilometer
3
CS135 Ceilometer
2.1 Introduction
The CS135 is a LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging). It emits short pulses of
near infra-red light into the atmosphere from a sem iconductor laser. These are
scattered back by aerosols including cloud droplets. The time between
transmission of the pulse and the return signal gives the range, and therefore
height, of the scattering aerosols. The variation in the strength of the backscattered
light signal with height gives a profile of scatter coefficients and allow cloud
bases to be identified. If significant scattering is detected but there is no defined
cloud base then a vertical visibility can be calculated.
Cloud heights are calculated from the scatte r profile as follows: -
Close range signal distortion is removed (the signal response is effectively
flattened).
The signal amplitude is range corrected.
This is then inverted (using the Klett inversion technique) and a cloud extinction
profile is calculated.
Likely cloud bases are estimated based upon changes in slope of the extinction
profile and an extinction threshold. This threshold is based on the extinction
coefficient and is equivalent to a visibility (MOR) of 1000m. This results in a
number of possible cloud bases at different heights.
The original flattened signal is also passed through three frequency filters to
produce three different filtered back scatter profiles. Peaks in each of these
filtered profiles are detected using thresholds based upon the filter bandwidth used
and the high frequency signal noise level. This results in another set of likely
cloud bases.
Cloud bases are reported by the sensor only when the likely cloud bases
candidates by these two methods above correlate, i.e. the peaks are seen by both
processing methods.
To report a cloud layer above a lower one the scatter coefficient first has to fall
below the extinction threshold used for cloud definitions (less a small hysteresis
offset). The scatter profile must then again meet the criteri a above.
To avoid many very narrow close laye rs being reported when the y h av e litt le
significance a minimum separation based on WMO reporting intervals is applied.
After the scatter coefficient has fallen below the threshold a new cloud base will
not be reported until it has stayed below this threshold for at least a set interval.
This interval varies, increasing with height.
If no clouds are detected the CS135 will give one of the following reports:-
• No significant backscatter.
• Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected. This is reported if the
criteria for detecting cloud base is not met but the inte grated scattering
coefficient reaches the limit of vert ical visibility below 2,000 m. The height at
which this occurs is given as vertical visibility.
• Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent is reported if
scattering is detected but no cloud is detected and the calculated vertical
visibility exceeds 2,000 m.
4
User Guide
The control system of the CS135 is divided into three modules, DSP, TOP and
PSU as follows:-
DSP is the main data processing and communications unit of the CS135.
TOP provides a number of safety shutdown features such as over and under laser
output level. It also contains the calibration circuitry and dirty windows system.
PSU controls the power supply, including battery charging and deep disc harge
protection.
The CS135 has a rugged environmental enclosure that protects the instrument
from the harshest conditions and will measure the atmosphere with high stability
and repeatability.
2.2 Optical Measurement
2.2.1 Optical Arrangement
The CS135 employs a novel split-lens design to increa se optical signal to noise
ratio over other instruments while maintaining Class 1M eye safety by integrating
larger optics into a compact package (see Fig 2.2). This optical design provides an
alternative to traditional biaxial or common-optics designs. The optical isolation
of traditional biaxial systems is maintained to increase detector sensitivity, while
the low overlap onset height of common-optics systems is incorporated to allow
measurements at close ranges.
2.3 Internal Monitoring
The CS135 monitors a large number of parameters relevant to its performance.
These include window contamination, key voltages and currents and internal
temperature and relative humidity. Data messages, see Section 5, include this
information allowing remote diagnosis of the CS135 condition. In addition a
special status message can be polled.
Fig 2.2 Prin ciple of operation
5
CS135 Ceilometer
2.4 Specifications
2.4.1 Measurement Specifications
Maximum Reporting Range: 10 km / 32,800 ft
Minimum Reporting Resolution: 5 m / 15 ft
Hard Target Range Accuracy: +/- 0.25% +/- 4.6 m
Reporting Cycle: 2 to 120s
Cloud Layers Reported: Up to four layers reported, user selectable
2.4.2 Mechanical Specifications
Height: 1000 mm
Width: 330 mm
Depth: 316 mm
Total weight: 33 kg (excluding cables)
Packed weight: 58 kg
2.4.3 Electrical Specifications
Power required: Nominal 115 (106-137) or nominal 230 (216-253) VAC,
47-63 Hz, 470 W maximum in total.
The hood heater requires a maximum of 270 W.
The internal heater requires a maximum of 120 W.
The supply voltage required is specified at the time of order. If it has to be
changed later please contact Campbell Scientific for advice.
Fuses: The power supply contains two fuses as follows:
AUX fuse HBC 5 A (T)
PSU fuse HBC 500mA (T)
All fuses are 5 x 20 mm slow blow (T) and are the same for both 115 VAC and
230 VAC.
Battery: Internal 12V 2Ah battery provides 1hr measurement without the
blower/heater. The power supply is equipped with a system to prevent deep
discharge of the battery.
The CS135 uses Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) heaters within its design.
These heaters are self-regulating, simplifying the internal design of the sensor and
improving safety. Due to the nature of these devices the CS135 takes a higher
current during start up.
The CS135 will take up to 1 KW for the first few seconds of operation dropping
off quickly to its normal operating power over a period of a minute.
In cold environments the power consumption of the CS135 may be as high as
470 W. Also, in warmer environments it may be as low as 200 W.
The heaters within the CS135 are purely resistive which will prove advantageous
when connected to generators or when the power factor of your supply is
important.
RS232 full duplex (default)
RS232 half duplex
RS485 full duplex
RS485 half duplex
7
CS135 Ceilometer
Signal voltage levels
RS232 Communications
RS232 input threshold Low 0.8V 1.5V RS232 input threshold High - 2.0V 2.4V
RS232 input absolute maximum -15V - +15V
RS232 input resistance
RS232 output voltage low - - 0.4V
RS232 output voltage high (into
3KΩ)
RS485/422 Communications
RS485/422 input threshold
voltage
RS485/422 output (Unloaded) - - 5V
RS485/422 output (Load 50Ω)
Maximum voltage at any terminal -7V - +7V
Minimum
Value
12KΩ
4.4V - -
-0.2V - +0.2V
2V - -
Nominal
Value
- -
Maximum
Value
3. Initial checks
WARNING
USB Service Port USB1.1 and 2.0 compatible, fixed 115200 baud.
The following steps will provide basic familiarisation with the CS135 and
perform basic functionality checks. To do these you must first remove the cover
and enclosure lid (see Sections 4.6.1 and 4.6.2) and then connect the battery (see
Section 4.6). Connect the hood heater plug once you have done these stages. See
Fig 4.3 in Section 4.5.1.
The laser will be operating as soon as the battery is
connected. It should not point in any direction where it
could be viewed with magnifying optics.
The green LED visible from above should now be flashing once every 10 seconds
(see Fig 5.2).
Connect a PC using a terminal emulation program to the USB port (Fig 4.5). The
terminal emulator should be set to 115200 baud, 8N1 bits/parity.
PC operating systems should identify the USB connection and allocate a port
number. The terminal emulator program you are using should then be set to this
port number. Older PC operating systems may need upgrading or additional
software.
The CS135 will be outputting message type 001 every 10 seconds (see Section
6.2).
Open terminal mode with the command “open 0”. You should now see the prompt
“CS135>”, Type “Status”. You will now see the sensor status information
described in Section 5.1.5. If you plan to use date/time information this should be
checked as it can drift up to ±14 seconds per day.
8
4. Installation
4.1 Location and Orientation
User Guide
If the unit has been in storage or transit for more than a few months, the clock
battery may be discharged. However, it will charge from the back-up battery or
mains power.
Close terminal mode with the com mand “close” (it will close automatically after
10 minutes of inactivity).
If you are not installing the unit straight away you should disconnect the battery to
avoid it being discharged.
The CS135 measures environmental variables and is designed to be located in
harsh weather conditions. However there are a few considerations to take into
account if accurate and representative data from a site a re to be obtained.
In order to reduce the service frequency with the unit, the CS135 should be placed
away from sources of contamination. More regular maintenance will be required
when the instrument is placed in areas where contamination is unavoidable or
where measurements may be safety related.
Take care that the orientation allows tilting in whatever direction is desired.
4.2 Grounding
The CS135 must be properly grounded by taking a ground wire with a minimum
cross sectional area of 16 mm
grounding boss to an adequate grounding point. Figure 4.3 shows the location of
the grounding boss.
2
and maximum length of 10 m from the brass
4.3 Mounting the CS135
The CS135 is designed to be bolted to a firm, level foundation. When bolting
down take care that the orientation allows tilting in whatever direction is desired.
Fig 4.1 shows the mounting footprint.
If a suitable surface does not already exist then a concrete foundation should be
constructed at least 600 mm square and 600 mm deep.
Drill four 12 mm diameter holes using the mount base as a template to a depth of
77 mm.
Clean the holes of all debris.
Place washers and nuts on the ends of the wedge anchors supplied (to protect the
threads during installation).
Hammer the wedge anchors into the holes until the start of the threads are below
the surface.
Tighten the nuts until about 25 mm of thread protrudes above the surface.
9
CS135 Ceilometer
Remove the washers and nuts from the protruding length screw. Then lower the
CS135 into place. If you plan to tilt the unit make sure it is orientated so that when
tilted in the preferred direction the window angle steepens.
Finally, secure the CS135 with the washers and nuts.
If the surface is not level and flat it may be necessary to add washers under the
base on one or more of the foundation screws.
4.4 Tilt Angle
Fig 4.1 Mounting footprint
The CS135 is designed to be tilted 6°, 12°, 18° or 24° from vertical. There are
several reasons why this might be done. In tropical regions it might be
advantageous to tilt the sensor north in the northern hemisphere and south in the
southern hemisphere to prevent the sun shining directly into it, it can reduce
problems caused by direct specular reflections from ice crystals and reduce
problems from rain or snow falling onto the window. To adjust the tilt angle
remove the bolts shown in Fig 4.2, move the CS135 to the required tilt angle and
replace them.
The CS135 has tilt sensors in both axes so that if it is not possible to provide a
level base cloud height can be compensated. This feature can be useful for mobile
or marine applications. Note that profile data is NOT compensated but tilt angles
are included in data messages.
Note that increasing the tilt angle beyond 24° can cause significant errors in
vertical visibility measurements if scatter coefficients vary significantly with
height.
10
User Guide
Fig 4.2 Setting the Tilt Angle
11
CS135 Ceilometer
4.5 Connectors and wiring
4.5.1 Base connectors
The CS135 has three connectors on its base. One is for communications, one
provides power input to the unit itself and the other one takes power from the unit
to the hood heater and blower.
NOTE
Tilting the unit will provide better access to these connectors.
Grounding boss
12
Fig 4.3 Connector Layout
The function of the connector pins is shown in Table 4.1.
User Guide
Table 4.1 Function of the connector pins
Mains Connector
Pin Function Colour of supplied cable
cores
1 Live Brown
2 Not connected NA
3 Neutral Blue
4 Earth Green/yellow
Blower/Heater Connector
Pin Function Colour of supplied cable
cores
1 Neutral Black (1)
2 Fan + Black (2)
3 Therm Black (3)
4 Therm (0V) Black (4)
5 Switched 230/115 AC
Live
6 Fan on Black (6)
E Earth Green/yellow
Communications Connector
Pin Colour of
supplied
cable
cores
1 Red 8 CTS* Y Y/Tx non-inverting
2 Yellow 7 RTS* B/Rx non-inverting
3 Green 5 Gnd
4 Black Gnd Gnd
5 White 2 Tx Z Z/Tx inverting
6 Blue 3 Rx A/Rx non-inverting
E Screen
9-PIN `D’
Connector
(fig 4.4)
RS232 RS485
Half
duplex
Black (5)
RS485 Full duplex/
RS422
*If hardware handshaking is not used pins 7 and 8 should be connected together.
4.5.2 Wiring Using Supplied Campbell Scientific Cables
Two cables are supplied, each 10m long. One is for the mains power supply, the
other is for communications.
WARNING
If the power cable is incorrectly wired then irrevocable
damage can be done to the unit and there is risk of
serious injury or death.
13
CS135 Ceilometer
WARNING
The power cable must not be carrying mains voltage
when it is being connected or disconnected.
4.5.2.1 Power Connections
The following guidance is given to help the wiring and installation of a permanent
power supply to the sensor.
As the sensor is used outside, the installation of the power cables will normally
have to be carried out by a qualified electrician. Please check local safety
regulations.
A mains power source needs to be identified and the type of termination, cable
type and cable run matched to comply with local regulations and the type of
installation.
The power source needs to be able to provide the correct voltage and frequency
and current in excess of the power requirement of the system. See below.
Voltage requirements: 106-137V or 216-253V AC (check power supply
switch and fuses match the nominal 115/230V supply)
Current requirements: 5A
Input frequency: 47-63 Hz.
The power source needs to be fused. The fuse rating should be 5A or larger and a
“slow blow” design. Any extensions to the cable supplied or alternative
replacement should be capable of carrying current in excess of that fuse rating.
The power source should be fitted with a two-pole isolator and should be fitted as
near to the sensor as is possible.
The power cable needs to have three conductors, live, neutral and a protective
earth, normally with IEC wiring colours to match those used.
This equipment requires a protective earth. THIS MUST BE CONNECTED FOR
SAFETY REASONS. Ensure the earth connection at the power source is suitable
for this purpose. The connection should be made via the earth wire of the power
connector/cable or via the earth stud on the sensor base.
This equipment also requires correct connection of the live and neutral conductors
– make sure these are identified and wired correctly at the power source.
Normally, the power source should be fitted with its own or system wide earth
leakage breaker (also known as an RCD).
For short term testing of the sensor a suitable plug can be fitted to the end of the
power cable and the sensor plugged into a standard mains supply capable of
providing 5A at the rated voltage. If this is done the earth wire of the sensor must
be connected to a suitable protective earth point.
14
4.5.2.2 Communications connections
The communications cable is terminated at one end with a removable 9 pin
D-connector (DB9). The D-connector can be connected directly t o a PC or da ta
logger such as the Campbell Scientific CR1000 using a suitable interconnecting
cable such as the SC110. Connections and wire colours are shown in Fig 4.4. The
connector can easily be removed for direct connection to screws terminals.
If hardware handshaking is not to be used then pins 7 and 8 should be connected
together.
User Guide
CAUTION
The type of cable supplied is not recommended for lengths
greater than 10 m. In particular, longer length RS485 cables
should incorporate twisted pairs. Please contact Campbell
Scientific if you wish to use a longer length of cable.
Fig 4.4 Cable Connections
Tilting the unit, see Fig 4.2 will make wiring easier.
4.5.3 USB Connection
A USB port is provided inside the enclosure to aid on-site maintenance. This
allows communication of commands to the CS135 and responses in the same form
as the main serial port except that the baud rate is fixed at 115200 (see Fig 4.5).
4.5.4 SDI-12 Connectio n
A SDI-12 port is provided to allow interface to other sensors but will only be
active in future operating systems.
15
CS135 Ceilometer
4.6 Connecting the Back-up Battery
Fig 4.5 USB port
The CS135 will be shipped with the back-up battery disconnected. It should be
connected as shown in Fig 4.6 before bringing the unit into use.
Fig 4.6 Connecting Batte ry
16
To do this the cover and enclosure lid must first be removed. The desiccant
included for transport should be removed at the same time.
4.6.1 Removing the Cover
The cover is removed by removing the four screws as shown in Fig 4.7.
User Guide
The cover can then be lifted away.
CAUTION
The cover contains a flying lead used to take power to the
hood heater and blower. Be careful not to trap and damage
this when lifting the cover clear.
4.6.2 Removing the Enclosure Lid
Removing the lid covering the electronics unit is accomplished by removing the
four screws as shown in Fig 4.8.
Fig 4.7 Removing the Cover
Fig 4.8 Removing the Enclosure Lid
17
CS135 Ceilometer
WARNING
WARNING
Opening the access door MUST be carried out by a
competent person
Removing the enclosure lid may expose hot surfaces
4.7 Storage Information
The CS135 should be stored between -40°C to +70°C in a dry place, preferably
with the enclosures securely fastened. The optics should be protected from
possible accidental damage. For storage the back-up battery should be
disconnected.
NOTE
NOTE
Leaving the battery connected during storage will mean that the unit
will still be powered until the battery voltage falls below a shutdown threshold.
If the CS135 has been stored below 0.0°C the start up time from
will progressively take longer - up to 10 minutes at -40.0°C. Full
accuracy will not be achieved for an hour at -25°C.
18
5. Operation
5.1 Terminal mode
5.1.1 Enteri ng/Exitin g t h e CS 1 35 T er m inal Mode
The menu system is entered with the command OPEN Sensor_ID Password (The
menu will time out & close automat ically if not used for 10 minutes).
Sensor_ID is the CS135 identification, a single ASCII character 0-9,a-f,A-F case
sensitive. The default is 0. If a password is set then it must be entered here
otherwise it can be omitted. The following text should now be displayed:-
"CS135>". The CS135 is now ready for terminal mode commands.
The CS135 Commands are not case sensitive. The Parameters and/or password
following the command are case sensiti ve.
Example of the “open” command followed by the parameter “0”:
User Guide
OPEN 0
Example of the open command with the password “Secret”:
open 0 Secret
5.1.2 Terminal Mode Commands General
Table 5.1 gives a summary of the terminal mode commands available.
Commands will always output all parameters on a new line after a CR LF & then
the CS135 prompt ‘CS135>’. If you only want to see parameter values without
changing them then enter the command without parameters. If a particular
parameter did not need changing then the paramet er can be replaced with a
comma (,). Back space will abort the command.
The CS135 can be setup and controlled by using the terminal interface where
discrete commands are sent. The terminal commands can be sent via a logger to
the CS135 removing the need for a local PC to set up the unit.
The terminal emulators built i nto many Campbell Scientific software products can
also be used. Note however that DevConfig and PW Viewer cannot be used to
load a new operating system as this requires XMODEM protocol. One common,
freely available terminal emulator with this feature is called “TeraTerm” whic h is
easily available on the in ternet.
Ensure that if the baud rate of the unit has been adjusted and then the
corresponding bits per second value are entered in the port settings of the terminal
emulator. The CS135 should now be ready to accept commands.
Note: commands will always output all parameters on a new line after a CR LF &
then the CS135 prompt ‘CS135>’. If you only want to see parameter values
without changing them then enter the command without parameters. If a particular
parameter did not need changing then the parameter c an be replaced with a
comma (,). Back space will abort the command.
USB service port
5.1.3 Terminal mode command examples
The following text shows an example of setting up the CS135 serial port. This
example would set the serial port to RS232 full duplex at 115200bps, 8 data bits,
no parity and if it was in RS485 mode then a 100mS turn around delay.
serial 0 10 0 100
You could also type the following to obtain the same results as the RS 485 turn
around delay is not needed:
NOTE
serial 0 10 0
If all you wish to do is change the data baud rate and nothing else you can replace
the first number, the mode parameter, with a ‘,’ as shown below.
serial , 10
Alternatively if you just wished to change the parity to 8-bits no parity then type
the following:
serial , , 0
You do not need to replace the remaining parameters with ‘,’ you only need to
replace the ones up to the parameter you wish to edit.
Remember to leave a space character between the command and the
parameters as shown in the examples.
20
User Guide
L
L
Table 5.1 Summary of the terminal mode commands available
Command Parameter/
Description
Parameter block
ALARMS Angle Angle is the threshold tilt angle of the sensor beyond which an alarm
will be flagged. The settable range is 0 to 90.0 degrees tilt and the
default is 45 degrees.
BS Attenuated_SCAL
E
BS_Av_Time
Noise_Gate
Measurement_
Period
Attenuated_SCALE is the scalar for the attenuated backscatter, default
100%
BS-Av_Time is the back scatter average time in seconds (default 2.0).
Noise_Gate controls the noise threshold applied to backscatter.
Noise_Gate = -1000, all back scatter range is corrected.
Noise_Gate = 0.0-1000.0, standard deviation for noise threshold,
default 2.0. Only back scatter above this is range corrected.
Measurement_Period 0 or 2 to 600 (default 10). If set to 0 and the
CS135 is polled it will first take a measurement and then output the
message. If it is between 2 and 600 seconds then the CS135 will
continually update measurements and any poll command will output
the last measurement made.
CLOSE No parameters Closes the terminal interface to allow normal message output and saves
new settings to flash non-volatile storage.
DEFAULTS No parameters Loads factory defaults
HEATERS Hood
Internal
Laser
Sets or reads heater settings as follows:-
Hood = 0, Hood blower and heater OFF
Hood = 1, Hood blower ON and heater OFF
Hood = 2, Hood blower ON and heater ON
Hood = 3, Hood blower and heater AUTO (default)
Internal = 0, Internal heater OFF
Internal = 1, Internal heater ON
Internal = 2, Internal heater AUTO (default)
Laser = 0, laser heater off
aser= 1, laser heater on (default)
HELP No parameters Calls up a list of user commands with briefdescriptions
HOFFSET Height_offset Height_offset is the offset to be added or subtracted in the range -
1000m to +1000m or -3281ft to +3281ft. Positive values are added to
measured height and negative values are subtracted from measured
height. The default is 0.
ID Sensor_ID Reads or sets the sensor ID, a single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z,
case sensitive. Default ID = 0. Note that if a CT25K message is to be
used lower case letters are not allowed.
LASER Laser
Laser_Power
Laser = 0, Laser off after power up (user must switch laser on).
Laser = 1, Laser on after power up (default).
aser_Power= 20%-100%, default 100%.
LASEROFF No parameters Instructs the CS135 to turn the laser off until either a power cycle or the
sensor is instructed to turn the laser back on.
LASERON No parameters Instructs the CS135 to try and turn the laser on
LOADOS Module Loads new operating system into modules as follows: -
Module =1, DSP
Module =2, TOP
Module =3, PSU
This command must be sent using the XMODEM protocol. Refer to
Section 5.1.7 for more information.
MCFG Message_Interval
Set or read message configuration.
Message_ID_A
Message_ID_B
Message_ID_C
Message_Interval is the message interval in seconds, 2 - 600 seconds,
0 gives polled messages, default 10.
21
CS135 Ceilometer
N
g
Message_ID_D
Message_ID_E
Note that if low baud rates and message intervals or short polling are
required it may not be possible to output multiple longer messages.
Message_ID is the message type to output between 0 and 999 (default
001). If Message_ID = 0 no message type will be output. Up to 5
messages can be set. Please refer to Section 5.1.4.
EWLASER No parameters Resets the laser run time counter.
OPEN ID
Password
Open the CS135 terminal mode.
ID = Sensor ID as per the terminal command “ID”
Password = The sensors user password as per the terminal command
“PASSWORD”. The default is no password.
PASSWORD Password Sets or clears a password from 1 to 10 characters in length. Valid ASCII
characters 0-9, a - z or A – Z and letters are case sensitive. Typing the
command PASSWORD without any para meters clears the password.
The default is no password.
POLL Sensor_ID
Message_ID
Requests the message Message_ID from the sensor Sensor_ID.
Refer to the Section 5.1.6 for more information on this command
Note: Message_ID outputs the message configured by MCFG.
PSU Blower_Voltage
Boost_Volts
Battery_Current
PSU_Present
Sets PSU battery charge paramete rs and external blower speed.
Blower_Voltage sets the voltage applied to the external blower in millivolts (mV). From 8000 to 14000. The default is 12000.
Boost_Volts sets the boost voltage to be applied to the PSUs battery in
mV. From 11000 to 16000. (Note: It is not recommended that the
customer alters this parameter without first consulting Campbell
Scientific.). The default is 14520.
Battery_Current sets the charge current in milli-amps (mA). From 100
to 1500. The default is 400.
PSU_Present sets a flag indicating if a PS135E PSU is connected to the
sensor.
PSU_Present = 0, Power supply is not fitted.
PSU_Present = 1, Power supply is fitted. (default)
REBOOT No parameters Forces a system reboot. This will restore previously saved user settings.
Any unsaved changes will be lost. (Settings are saved in terminal mode
when the command CLOSE is typed, which exits the terminal mode).
SENSITIVITY Boundary
Detector
Alpha
SERIAL Mode
Baud
Bits_Parity
Delay
Boundary From 1 to 20, default 4
Detector From 1 to 20, default 6
Alpha From 0.0001 to 0.1, default 0.01
warnings, PSU voltage and backup battery voltage .
Note: Refer to Section 5.1.5 for more information on this command.
TERMINAL Terminal
Timeout
Sets CRC16-CCITT checking and the user terminal time out.
Terminal = 0, CRC16-CCITT off (default).
Terminal = 1, CRC16-CCITT on (reserved for future OS).
Timeout is the delay in minutes from 1 to 15 where the terminal will
automatically close if no characters are sent to the CS135. The default
is 10 minutes.
TIME Date_Time
Date is format yyyy/mm/dd
Time is format hh:mm:ss
yyyy=year, mm=month, dd=day
hh=hours, mm=minutes, ss=seconds
(i.e. time 2000/01/01 10:00:00, would set the time to January 1
st
2000 at
10:00:00)
Note: The set time could drift by up to ±14 seconds a day.
UNITS Units Sets measurement units and tilt correction for cloud height and vertical
visibility.
Units = 0, metres corrected by tilt.
Units = 1, metres not corrected by tilt.
Units = 2, feet corrected by tilt (default).
Units = 3, feet not corrected by tilt.
5.1.4 MCFG command message types
The MCFG commands “Message_ID_x” parameter defines the following output
types. Refer to Section 6 for further information on message output types.
Message_ID_x type Description
000 No message
001 (default) Campbell Scientific Message 1, no sky condition, no profile data
002 Campbell Scientific Message 2, no sky condition, profile data, 2048 range bins, 5m resolution
003* Campbell Scientific Message 3, sky condition, no profile data
004* Campbell Scientific Message 4, sky condition and profile data, 2048 range bins, 5m resolution
101 CL31 Message 1, 770 range bins, 10m resolution
102 CL31 Message 1, 385 range bins, 20m resolution
103 CL31 Message 1, 1500 range bins, 5m resolution
104 CL31 Message 1, 770 range bins, 5m resolution
105 CL31 Message 1, No profile data
106 CL31 Message 1, Full CS135 output, 2048 range bins, 5m resolution
107* CL31 Message 2, 770 range bins, 10m resolution
108* CL31 Message 2, 385 range bins, 20m resolution
23
CS135 Ceilometer
109* CL31 Message 2, 1500 range bins, 5m resolution
110* CL31 Message 2, 770 range bins, 5m resolution
111* CL31 Message 2, No profile data
112* CL31 Message 2, Full CS135 output, 2048 range bins, 5m resolution
113 CT25K message 1
114* CT25K message 6
* = available in future OS
5.1.5 STATUS command
The STATUS command returns the following information:
Line Example line output
1 Identification CS135 SN1000 ID 0
Description of the line sections
Section Description
CS135 Product name
SN1000 Sensor serial number
ID 0 Sensor identification number
Line Example line output
2 Date Time 2012/01/10 11:39:46
Description of the line sections
Section Description
2012/01/10 Date in the format yyyy/mm/dd
11:39:46 Time in the format hh:mm:ss
Line Example line output
3 DSP_OS A
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A DSP OS revision number
Line Example line output
4 TOP_OS 1
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A TOP board OS revision number
Line Example line output
5 PSU_OS 1
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A PSU board OS revision number
Line Example line output
6 Watchdog A
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Watchdog counter for unscheduled system resets
Line Example line output
7 Serial A B C D
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Serial mode (Note: Refer to the SERIAL command)
B Serial baud rate (Note: Refer to the SERIAL command)
C Parity and stop bits (Note: Refer to the SERIAL command)
D Receive to transmit delay time in RS485 mode (Note: Refer to the SERIAL
24
User Guide
command)
Line Example line output
8 Heaters A B C
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Hood blower mode
B Internal heater mode
C Laser heater mode
Line Example line output
9 MCFG X A B C D E
Description of the line sections
Section Description
X Message interval (Note: Refer to the MCFG command)
A Message ID A (Note: Refer to the MCFG command)
B Message ID B (Note: Refer to the MCFG command)
C Message ID C (Note: Refer to the MCFG command)
D Message ID D (Note: Refer to the MCFG command)
E Message ID E (Note: Refer to the MCFG command)
Line Example line output
10 Angle A B C
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A X axis tilt
B Y axis tilt
C Beam angle from vertical
Line Example line output
11 Units A
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Measurement units and tilt correction. (Note: Refer to the UNITS command)
Line Example line output
12 TRH A B C
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Sensor internal temperature reading in degrees Celsius.
B Sensor internal humidity reading as a percentage
C Sensors internal dew point value in degrees Celsius
Line Example line output
13 T A B C D E F
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A External fan blower assembly temperature in degrees Celsius
B PSU internal temperature in degrees Celsius
C TOP board laser monitor temperature in degrees Celsius
D TOP board calibration LED temperature in degrees Celsius
E Laser module temperature in degrees Celsius
F Photo diode module temperature in degrees Celsius
Line Example line output
14 SupplyVoltage A B
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A DSP board supply voltage
B PS135E internal supply voltage
25
CS135 Ceilometer
p
Line Example line output
15 HOffset A
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Height offset reported in feet or metres dependent upon the UNITS command
Line Exam
16 La serRunDays A
Description of the line sections
Section Description
A Number of days that the laser module has been active for
Line Example line output
17 Flags 0000 0000 0000
Description of the most significant alarm word (left side, bits going left to right). Each alarm word is
a hexadecimal sum of all the error bits.
Bit Description
8000 XXXX XXXX Units. Feet = 0, metre = 1.
4000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
2000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
1000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0800 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0400 XXXX XXXX Laser shut down due to operating temperature out of range
0200 XXXX XXXX The lead acid battery voltage is reading low
0100 XXXX XXXX Mains supply has failed (Required a PSU to be present)
0080 XXXX XXXX The external heater blower assembly temperature is out of bounds
0040 XXXX XXXX External heater blower failure
0020 XXXX XXXX The PSUs internal temperature is high
0010 XXXX XXXX PSU OS has failed its signature check
0008 XXXX XXXX No communications between DSP and PSU
0004 XXXX XXXX Photo diode and Laser windows are dirty. This can only be set if the laser is on
0002 XXXX XXXX Tilt beyond limit set by user, default 45 degrees
0001 XXXX XXXX No communications between DSP and inclinometer board
Description of the middle alarm word (middle word, bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX 8000 XXXX The sensors internal humidity is high
XXXX 4000 XXXX Communications to the DSP boards temperature and humidity chip have failed
XXXX 2000 XXXX DSP input supply voltage is low
XXXX 1000 XXXX Self-test active
XXXX 0800 XXXX Watch dog counter updated
XXXX 0400 XXXX User setting stored in flash failed their signature checks
XXXX 0200 XXXX DSP factory calibration stored in flash has failed its signature check
XXXX 0100 XXXX DSP board OS signature test failed
XXXX 0080 XXXX DSP board RAM test failed
XXXX 0040 XXXX DSP boards on board PSUs are out of bounds
XXXX 0020 XXXX TOP board non-volatile storage is corrupt
XXXX 0010 XXXX TOP board OS signature test has failed
XXXX 0008 XXXX TOP boards ADC and DAC are not within specifications
XXXX 0004 XXXX TOP boards on board PSUs are out of bounds
XXXX 0002 XXXX Communications have failed between TOP board and the DSP
XXXX 0001 XXXX Photo diode background radiance is out of range
Description of the least significant alarm word (right side, bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX XXXX 8000 Photo diode temperature is out of range
XXXX XXXX 4000 Photo diode is saturated
XXXX XXXX 2000 Photo diode calibrator temperature is out of range
le line output
26
User Guide
XXXX XXXX 1000 Photo diode calibrator has failed
XXXX XXXX 0800 The sensor could not reach the desired gain levels
XXXX XXXX 0400 Laser run time has been exceeded
XXXX XXXX 0200 Laser temperature out of range
XXXX XXXX 0100 Laser thermistor failure
XXXX XXXX 0080 Laser is obscured. This can only be set if the laser is on
XXXX XXXX 0040 Laser did not achieve significant output power
XXXX XXXX 0020 Laser max power exceeded
XXXX XXXX 0010 Laser max drive current exceeded
XXXX XXXX 0008 Laser power monitor temperature out of range
XXXX XXXX 0004 Laser power monitor test fail
XXXX XXXX 0002 Laser shutdown by top board
XXXX XXXX 0001 Laser is off
5.1.6 Message Polling
The command 'POLL Sensor_ID Message_ID ' requests the message Message_ID
from sensor Sensor_ID.
Where Message_ID is a CS135message type as defined in Section 5.1.4.
Example of how to use the CS135 POLL command to request preconfigured message
outputs.
First configure the CS135 to use polling mode from the terminal interface via the “MCFG”
command as follows:
CS135> MCFG 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
This configures the CS135 into polling mode leaving your message output configurations
unchanged. Exit the terminal by typing the “close” command. This will save the changes you
just made.
CS135> CLOSE
COMMAND CLOSED
Any automatic message outputs should not have stopped. Type the “POLL” command as
shown below to ver i f y tha t the system is work ing as expected. Note: Once you have exited
the terminal characters will not be automatically echoed back to you.
POLL 0
This should return all messages you have set via the MCFG command. In this example, only
one message output was set, the default message. So the POLL command will return text
similar to that shown below. Note: If you have no message configured (i.e. MCFG returned
0 0 0 0 0 0) then nothing will be returned from the command you just typed.
CS0100001
10 100 12345 ///// ///// ///// 000000000000
abcd
27
CS135 Ceilometer
10 12345 ///// ///// 00000f80
5.1.7 Loading a New Operating System
Example of how to use the POLL command to request a specific message output type.
First configure the CS135 into polling mode as shown in the example above and exit the
terminal interface. To poll the CS135 for a particular message type, type the following.
POLL 0 113
The example text above will request the “CT25K Message 1” and should look similar to the
text below.
CT00010
A new OS can be entered with the LOADOS module command. Note three
different modules each have their own OS. The paramete r module loads a new
operating system into different modules as follows:-
Module =1, DSP (file type *. ldr)
Module =2, TOP (file type * . hex)
Module =3, PSU (file type*. hex)
NOTE
For example, to load a new DSP operating system:-
Enter terminal mode by typing “Open 0” (for a sensor with the default ID “0”)
The new OS must be sent using xmodem protocol.
This will return the prompt “CS135>”
Type the command “LOADOS 1”
The CS135 will respond:-
“Load OS into DSP
DO NOT REMOVE POWER DURING OS UPDATE!!!
Waiting for xmodem”
At this point use your terminal emulator to send the appropriate file.
Loading the OS could take a few minutes.
When the process is complete the CS135 will return the message
“Wait 40 sec for OS to restart” after which it will resume operation according to the
previously set operating parameters. It will no longer be in terminal mode.
5.2 Restoring Factory Defaults
Factory defaults can be restored using the terminal mode command
“DEFAULTS”. Alternatively, they can be set using a push switch on the DSP as
shown in Fig 5.1. The cover and enclosure lid first have to be removed. Please
refer to Sections 4.6.1 and 4.6.2.
28
User Guide
If the switch is pushed for four seconds the CS135 will reboot in exactly the same
way as the REBOOT terminal comm and. If it is held closed while the CS135 is
powered off and on again it will return to factory defaults. Note that to power
cycle the CS135 the battery has to be disconnected as well as switching the main
power off and on.
Fig 5.1 Restoring Factory Defaults
NOTE
Opening the access door MUST be carried out by a competent
person.
5.3 LED Indicator
Figure 5.2 LED indicator
29
CS135 Ceilometer
A green LED is visible through the window, see Fig 5.2. It will give 0.5 second
flashes as follows:-
1 flash every 10 seconds = OK, no fault
2 flashes every 10 seconds = warning (possible degraded performance)
3 flashes every 10 seconds = alarm (measurements not possible)
6. Messages
6.1 Data Messages General
The CS135 can provide a variety of data message types to allow efficient output
of data. Not all messages provide the full information available but these
messages may be more efficient in terms of data storage and transmission.
CL31 and CT25K messages follow formats used by comm on existing CL31 and
CT25K sensors allowing easier replacement or network expansion.
6.2 CS Messages
Message 001 (no profile, no sky condition) – Default message
LINE 1
STX CS ID OS NETX CR LF
where
STX = Start-of-Heading character
CS = Always "CS"
ID(1 character) = A single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0
OS (3 characters) = Operating system, 001 ... 999
N (3 characters) = Message number
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 2
9
S WA
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
tr9h19h29h39h49flags CR LF
30
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Four cloud bases detected
5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2, 3 or 4 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 6 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2, 3 or 4 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1, or 6 h2 =
Highest signal received
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 or 4 h3 = Third highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 5 or 6 h3 =
"/////"
h4 (5 characters) = 4th Height
If detection status is 4 h4 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 h4 = "/////"
flags (12 characters in 3 groups of 4, space separated) = Alarm or warning information
Description of the most significant alarm word (left side, bits going left to right). Each alarm word is a
hexadecimal sum of all the error bits.
Bit Description
8000 XXXX XXXX Units. Feet = 0, metre = 1.
4000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
2000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
1000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0800 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0400 XXXX XXXX Laser shut down due to operating temperature out of range
0200 XXXX XXXX The lead acid battery voltage is reading low
0100 XXXX XXXX Mains supply has failed (Required a PSU to be present)
0080 XXXX XXXX The external heater blower assembly temperature is out of bounds
0040 XXXX XXXX External heater blower failure
0020 XXXX XXXX The PSUs internal temperature is high
0010 XXXX XXXX PSU OS has failed its signature check
0008 XXXX XXXX No communications between DSP and PSU
User Guide
31
CS135 Ceilometer
r
0004 XXXX XXXX
0002 XXXX XXXX Tilt beyond limit set by user, default 45 degrees
0001 XXXX XXXX No communications between DSP and inclinometer board
Description of the middle alarm word (middle word, bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX 8000 XXXX The sensors internal humidity is high
XXXX 4000 XXXX Communications to the DSP board temperature and humidity chip have failed
XXXX 2000 XXXX DSP input supply voltage is low
XXXX 1000 XXXX Self-test active
XXXX 0800 XXXX Watch dog counter updated
XXXX 0400 XXXX U ser setting stored in flash failed their signature checks
XXXX 0200 XXXX DSP factory calibration stored in flash has failed its signature check
XXXX 0100 XXXX DSP board OS signature test failed
XXXX 0080 XXXX DSP board RAM test failed
XXXX 0040 XXXX DSP boards on board PSUs are out of bounds
XXXX 0020 XXXX TO P board non-volatile storage is corrupt
XXXX 0010 XXXX TO P board OS signature test has failed
XXXX 0008 XXXX TO P boards ADC and DAC are not within specifications
XXXX 0004 XXXX TOP boards on board PSUs are out of bounds
XXXX 0002 XXXX Communications have failed between TOP board and the DSP
XXXX 0001 XXXX Photo diode background radiance is out of range
Photo diode and Laser windows are dirty. This can only be set if the laser is on
Description of the least significant alarm word (right side, bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX XXXX 8000 Photo diode temperature is out of range
XXXX XXXX 4000 Photo diode is saturated
XXXX XXXX 2000 Photo diode calibrator temperature is out of range
XXXX XXXX 1000 Photo diode calibrator has failed
XXXX XXXX 0800 The sensor could not reach the desired gain levels
XXXX XXXX 0400 Laser run time has been exceeded
XXXX XXXX 0200 Laser temperature out of range
XXXX XXXX 0100 Laser thermistor failure
XXXX XXXX 0080 Laser is obscured. This can only be set if the laser is on
XXXX XXXX 0040 Laser did not achieve significant output powe
XXXX XXXX 0020 Laser max power exceeded
XXXX XXXX 0010 Laser max drive current exceeded
XXXX XXXX 0008 Laser power monitor temperature out of range
XXXX XXXX 0004 Laser power monitor test fail
XXXX XXXX 0002 Laser shutdown by top board
XXXX XXXX 0001 Laser is off
CR LF = Carriage Return and Line Feed
32
LINE 3
ETX CRC16EOT CR LF
where
ETX = End-of-Text character
CRC16 (4 characters) = CRC16-CCITT Checksum
EOT = End-of-Transmission character
CRLF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
User Guide
33
CS135 Ceilometer
MESSAGE 002 (Profile, no sky condition)
LINE 1
SOH CS ID OS NETX CR LF
where
SOH = Start-of-Heading character
CS = Always "CS"
ID(1 character) = A single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0
OS (3 characters) = Operating system, 001 ... 999
N (3 characters) = Message number
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 2
9tr9h19h29h39h49
S WA
flags CR LF
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Four cloud bases detected
5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2, 3 or 4 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 6 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
34
User Guide
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2, 3 or 4 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1, or 6 h2 =
Highest signal received
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 or 4 h3 = Third highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 5 or 6 h3 =
"/////"
h4 (5 characters) = 4th Height
If detection status is 4 h4 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 h4 = "/////"
flags (12 characters in 3 groups of 4, space separated) = Alarm or warning information.
Refer to Message 001 for a breakdown of the flags.
res (2 characters) = Backscatter profile resolution in metres.
n (4 characters) = Profile length 2048
energy (3 characters) = Laser pulse energy, %.
lt (3 characters including leading +/-) = Laser temperature, degrees C
ti (2 characters) = Total tilt angle, degrees
bl (4 characters) = Background light, millivolts at internal ADC input (0 ... 2500)
pulse (4 characters) = Pulse quantity x 1000 (0000-9999)
rate (2 characters) = Sample rate, MHz, (00-99)
sum = Sum of detected and normalized backscatter, 0 ... 999. Multiplied by scaling factor times
4
10
. At scaling factor 100 the SUM range 0 ... 999 corresponds to integrated backscatter 0 ... 0.
-1
srad
.
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
35
CS135 Ceilometer
LINE 4
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS........(2048 x 5 bytes) CR LF
The two-way attenuated normalised backscatter profile
(100000·srad·km)
-1
unless otherwise scaled by the Attenuated_SCALE parameter. Each sample is
coded with a 20-bit HEX ASCII character set; msb nibble and bit first, 2's complement.
NOTE
The profile is not corrected for the tilt angle.
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 5
ETX CRC16EOT CR LF
where
ETX = End-of-Text character
CRC16 (4 characters) = CRC16-CCITT Checksum
EOT = End-of-Transmission character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
36
User Guide
MESSAGE 003 (no profile, sky condition, available in future OS)
LINE 1
SOH CS ID OS NETX CR LF
where
SOH = Start-of-Heading character
CS = Always "CS"
ID(1 character) = A single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0
OS (3 characters) = Operating system, 001 ... 999
N (3 characters) = Message number
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 2
9tr9h19h29h39h49
S WA
flags CR LF
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Four cloud bases detected
5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2, 3 or 4 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 6 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
37
CS135 Ceilometer
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2, 3 or 4 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1, 5 or 6 h2 =
Highest signal received
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 or 4 h3 = Third highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 5 or 6 h3 =
"/////"
h4 (5 characters) = 4th Height
If detection status is 4 h4 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 h4 = "/////"
flags (12 characters in 3 groups of 4, space separated) = Alarm or warning information.
Refer to Message 001 for a breakdown of the flags.
d (1 character) = Data available
0 to 8 Amount of lowest layer in oktas
9 Vertical visibility only available
-1 No sky condition data available
99 Insufficient data
h1h1h1 (3 characters) = Height of the lowest cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet
d2 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 2nd layer in oktas
h2h2h2 (3 characters) = Height of the 2nd cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 2nd layer is reported h2h2h2 = '///'.
d3 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 3rd layer in oktas
h3h3h3 (3 characters) = Height of the 3rd cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 3rd layer is reported h3h3h3 = '///'.
d4 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 4th layer in oktas
h4h4h4 (3 characters) = Height of the 4th cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 4th layer is reported h4h4h4 = '///'.
d5 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 5th layer in oktas
38
User Guide
h5h5h5 (3 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 5th
layer is reported h5h5h5 = '///'.
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 5
ETX CRC16 EOT CR LF
where
ETX = End-of-Text character
CRC16 (4 characters) = CRC16-CCITT Checksum
EOT = End-of-Transmission character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
39
CS135 Ceilometer
MESSAGE 004 (profile, sky condition, available in future OS)
LINE 1
SOH CS ID OS NETX CR LF
where
SOH = Start-of-Heading character
CS = Always "CS"
ID(1 character) = A single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0
OS (3 characters) = Operating system, 001 ... 999
N (3 characters) = Message number
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 2
9tr9h19h29h39h49
S WA
flags CR LF
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Four cloud bases detected
5 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
6 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
tr (3 characters) = Window transmission, %
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2, 3 or 4 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 6 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
40
User Guide
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2, 3 or 4 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 5 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1, or 6 h2 =
Highest signal received
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 or 4 h3 = Third highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 5 or 6 h3 =
"/////"
h4 (5 characters) = 4th Height
If detection status is 4 h4 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 h4 = "/////"
flags (12 characters in 3 groups of 4, space separated) = Alarm or warning information.
Refer to Message 001 for a breakdown of the flags.
d (1 character) = Data available
0 to 8 Amount of lowest layer in oktas
9 Vertical visibility only available
-1 No sky condition data available
99 Insufficient data
h1h1h1 (3 characters) = Height of the lowest cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet
d2 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 2nd layer in oktas
h2h2h2 (3 characters) = Height of the 2nd cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 2nd layer is reported h2h2h2 = '///'.
d3 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 3rd layer in oktas
h3h3h3 (3 characters) = Height of the 3rd cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 3rd layer is reported h3h3h3 = '///'.
d4 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 4th layer in oktas
h4h4h4 (3 characters) = Height of the 4th cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 4th layer is reported h4h4h4 = '///'.
d5 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 5th layer in oktas
h5h5h5 (3 characters) = Height of the 5th cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 5th layer is reported h5h5h5 = '///'.
pulse (4 characters) = Pulse quantity x 1000 (0000-9999)
rate (2 characters) = Sample rate, MHz, (00-99)
sum = Sum of detected and normalized backscatter, 0 ... 999. Multiplied by scaling factor times
4
10
. At scaling factor 100 the SUM range 0 ... 999 corresponds to integrated backscatter 0 ... 0.
-1.
srad
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 5
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS........(2048 x 5 bytes) CR LF
The two-way attenuated normalised backscatter profile
(100000·srad·km)
-1
scaled by the Attenuated_SCALE parameter. Each sample is coded with a
20-bit HEX ASCII character set; msb nibble and bit first, 2's complement.
NOTE
The profile is not corrected for the tilt angle.
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
42
LINE 6
ETX CRC16EOT CR LF
where
ETX = End-of-Text character
CRC16 (4 characters) = CRC16-CCITT Checksum
EOT = End-of-Transmission character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
6.3 CL31 Messages
MESSAGES 101 - 106, (CL31 MESSAGE 1)
LINE 1
SOH CL ID OS 1 Samples ETX CR LF
where
SOH = Start-of-Heading character
CL = Always CL
ID = A single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0
OS = Operating system, 100 ... 999
1 = Always 1
Samples = backscatter resolution and number of samples
1 = MESSAGE 101, 10 m x 770 samples, range 7700 m
2 = MESSAGE 102, 20 m x 385 samples, range 7700 m
3 = MESSAGE 103, 5 m x 1500 samples, range 7500 m
4 = MESSAGE 104, 5 m x 770 samples, range 3850 m
5 = MESSAGE 105, no backscatter profile
6 = MESSAGE 106, extended range, 5 m x 2048 samples, range 10,240 m
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
User Guide
43
CS135 Ceilometer
LINE 2
9h29
S WA9h1
h39flags CR LF
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
5 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2 or 3 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 5 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1 or 5 h2 =
Highest signal received
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 h3 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 4 or 5 h3 =
"/////"
flags (12 characters) = Alarm or warning information.
44
Description of the most significant alarm word (left word, bits going left to right)
r
Bit Description
8000 XXXX XXXX Transmitter shut-off
4000 XXXX XXXX Transmitter failure
2000 XXXX XXXX Receiver failure
1000 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0800 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0400 XXXX XXXX Memory erro
0200 XXXX XXXX Light path obstruction
0100 XXXX XXXX Receiver saturation
0080 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0040 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0020 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0010 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0008 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0004 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0002 XXXX XXXX Reserved for future use
0001 XXXX XXXX Ceilometer engine board failure
Description of the middle alarm word (middle word, bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX 8000 XXXX Window contamination
XXXX 4000 XXXX Battery voltage low
XXXX 2000 XXXX Transmitter expires
XXXX 1000 XXXX High humidity
XXXX 0800 XXXX Reserved for future use
XXXX 0400 XXXX Blower failure
XXXX 0200 XXXX Reserved for future use
XXXX 0100 XXXX Humidity sensor failure
XXXX 0080 XXXX Heater fault
XXXX 0040 XXXX High background radiance
XXXX 0020 XXXX Ceilometer engine board failure
XXXX 0010 XXXX Reserved for future use
XXXX 0008 XXXX Laser monitor failure
XXXX 0004 XXXX Receiver warning
XXXX 0002 XXXX Tilt beyond limit set by user, default 45 degrees
XXXX 0001 XXXX Reserved for future use
Description of the least significant alarm wor d (right word, bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX XXXX 8000 Blower is on
XXXX XXXX 4000 Blower heater is on
XXXX XXXX 2000 Internal heater is on
XXXX XXXX 1000 Working from battery
XXXX XXXX 0800 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0400 Self test in progress
XXXX XXXX 0200 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0100 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0080 Units are metres if on, else feet
XXXX XXXX 0040 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0020 Polling mode is on
XXXX XXXX 0010 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0008 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0004 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0002 Reserved for future use
XXXX XXXX 0001 Reserved for future use
ID = A single ASCII character, 0-9, a - z or A - Z, case sensitive. Default ID = 0
OS = Operating system, 100 ... 999
2 = Always 2
Samples = backscatter resolution and number of samples
1 = MESSAGE 107, 10 m x 770 samples, range 7700 m
2 = MESSAGE 108, 20 m x 385 samples, range 7700 m
3 = MESSAGE 109, 5 m x 1500 samples, range 7500 m
4 = MESSAGE 110, 5 m x 770 samples, range 3850 m
5 = MESSAGE 111, no backscatter profile
6 = MESSAGE 112, extended range, 5 m x 2048 samples, range 10,240 m
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
48
LINE 2
9h29
S WA9h1
h39flags CR LF
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
5 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2 or 3 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 5 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1 or 5 h2 =
Highest signal received
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 h3 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 4 or 5 h3 =
"/////"
flags (12 characters) = Alarm or warning information.
sum = Sum of detected and normalized backscatter, 0 ... 999. Not used in Operating System 1
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
NOTE
This line is omitted from message 111.
LINE 5
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS........(5 x 770 bytes) CR LF
The two-way attenuated normalised backscatter profile
(100000·srad·km)
-1
unless otherwise scaled by the Attenuated_SCALE parameter. Each sample is
coded with a 20-bit HEX ASCII character set; msb nibble and bit first, 2's complement.
NOTE
The profile is not corrected for the tilt angle.
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
NOTE
This line is omitted from message 111.
LINE 6
ETX CR LF
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
51
CS135 Ceilometer
6.4 CT25K Messages
MESSAGE 113, CT25K Data Message No. 1
LINE 1
SOH CT IDOS 10 ETX CR LF
where
SOH = Start-of-Heading character
CT = Always CT
ID (1 character) = Unit number 0 ... 9, A ... Z (capitals only) Default ID = 0
OS (2 characters) = Operating system 00 ... 99
1 = Always = '1'
0 = Always = '0'.
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 2
9h29
S WA9h1
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
5 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2 or 3 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
h39flags CR LF
52
If detection status is 4 h1 =Vertical visibility as calculated
If detection status is 0 or 5 h1 =
"/////"
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1 or 5 h2 =
Height of highest signal detected
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 h3 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 4 or 5 h3 =
"/////"
flags (8 characters) = Alarm or warning information 4-byte hex coded
Description of the most significant alarm word (left side, bits going left to right). Each alarm
word is a hexadecimal sum of all the error bits.
Bit Description
8000 XXXX Transmitter shut-off
4000 XXXX Transmitter failure
2000 XXXX Receiver failure
1000 XXXX DSP, voltage or memory failure
0800 XXXX Reserved for future use
0400 XXXX Reserved for future use
0200 XXXX Reserved for future use
0100 XXXX Reserved for future use
0080 XXXX Window contaminated
0040 XXXX Battery low
0020 XXXX Transmitter expire warning
0010 XXXX Heater or humidity sensor failure
0008 XXXX High radiance warning, also XXXX 0004
0004 XXXX DSP, receiver, or laser monitor failure warning
0002 XXXX Relative humidity > 85 %
0001 XXXX Light path obstruction, receiver saturation or receiver failure
Description of the second alarm word (bits going left to right)
Bit Description
XXXX 8000 Blower failure
XXXX 4000 Reserved for future use
XXXX 2000 Reserved for future use
XXXX 1000 Reserved for future use
XXXX 0800 Blower on
XXXX 0400 Blower heater on
XXXX 0200 Internal heater on
XXXX 0100 Units metres if on, feet if off.
XXXX 0080 Polling mode on
XXXX 0040 Working from battery
XXXX 0020 Always 0
XXXX 0010 Always 0
XXXX 0008 Tilt beyond limit set by user, default 45 degrees
XXXX 0004 High radiance warning, also 0008 XXXX
XXXX 0002 Reserved for future use
XXXX 0001 Reserved for future use
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
User Guide
53
CS135 Ceilometer
LINE 3
ETX CR LF
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
54
MESSAGE 114, CT25K Data Message No. 6 (available in future OS)
LINE 1
SOH CT IDOS 10 ETX CR LF
where
SOH = Start-of-Heading character
CT = Always CT
ID (1 character) = Unit number 0 ... 9, A ... Z (capitals only) Default ID = 0
OS (2 characters) = Operating system 00 ... 99
1 = Always = '1'
0 = Always = '0'.
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
LINE 2
9h29
S WA9h1
h39flags CR LF
where
S (1 character) = message status:
0 = No significant backscatter
1 = One cloud base detected
2 = Two cloud bases detected
3 = Three cloud bases detected
4 = Full obscuration determined but no cloud base detected
5 = Some obscuration detected but determined to be transparent
/ = Raw data input to algorithm missing or suspect
WA (1 character) = Warning or alarm status:
0 = No alarm or warning
W = Warning
A = Alarm
h1 (5 characters) = 1st Height
If detection status is 1, 2 or 3 h1 = Lowest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h1 =
If detection status is 0 or 5 h1 =
Vertical visibility as calculated
"/////"
h2 (5 characters) = 2nd Height
User Guide
55
CS135 Ceilometer
If detection status is 2 or 3 h2 = Second highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 4 h2 =
If detection status is 0, 1 or 5 h2 =
Height of highest signal detected
"/////"
h3 (5 characters) = 3rd Height
If detection status is 3 h3 = Highest cloud base reported
If detection status is 0, 1, 2, 4 or 5 h3 =
"/////"
flags (8 characters) = Alarm or warning information 4-byte hex coded
d (1 character) = Data available
0 to 8 Amount of lowest layer in oktas
9 Vertical visibility only available
-1 No sky condition data available
99 Insufficient data
h1h1h1 (3 characters) = Height of the lowest cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet
d2 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 2nd layer in oktas
h2h2h2 (3 characters) = Height of the 2nd cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 2nd layer is reported h2h2h2 = '///'.
d3 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 3rd layer in oktas
h3h3h3 (3 characters) = Height of the 3rd cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 3rd layer is reported h3h3h3 = '///'.
d4 (1 character) = Cloud amount of the 4th layer in oktas
h4h4h4 (3 characters) = Height of the 4th cloud layer in 10s of metres or 100s of feet, if no 4th layer is reported h4h4h4 = '///'.
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
56
LINE 4
ETX CR LF
ETX = End-of-Text Character
CR LF = Carriage Return + Line Feed
7. Maintenance
7.1 General
The CS135 is a robust weather resistant instrument and there is no need for
routine maintenance other than cleaning. The instrument performance is
monitored and any potential problems are covered by error messages.
7.2 Cleaning
The CS135 window will require cleaning from time to time. The frequency of
required cleaning depends on the exposure of the instrument to contaminants such
as salt and dust. This will vary depending on the site location. The CS135 is
capable of self diagnosing dirty lenses and will indicate in its output when the
lenses are contaminated.
User Guide
CAUTION
In any case we suggest six monthly intervals for locat ions not prone to
contaminants and monthly intervals for those prone to contamination (coastal,
roadside or airport use). In some cases more frequent cleaning may be required
where there are high levels of contaminants and high dependency on the
instrument output.
If the window requires cl eaning, it is very important that on ly a
proper lens cloth or lens tissue is used. The use of
inappropriate materials to clean the windows can permanently
damage or reduce their effectiveness leading to reduced
performance.
57
CS135 Ceilometer
7.3 Removing the Cover
It is advisable to use an air duster to blow any loose dust and dirt from the
window as a first step. Using a lint free lens cloth or lens tissue impre gnated with
a small amount of isopropyl alcohol solvent clean the surface by dragging the
cloth across it being careful not to apply excessive pressure.
Excessive pressure may lead to some types of contaminant scratching the window
surface. Over time such scratche s can lead to reduced sensitivi ty.
The cover is removed by removing the four screws as shown in Fig 7.1.
58
CAUTION
Fig 7.1 Removing the Cover
The cover can then be lifted away.
The cover contains a flying lead used to take power to the
hood heater and blower. Be car eful not to trap and damage
this when lifting the cover clear.
Removing the cover reveals two carrying handles that allow the CS135 to be
moved easily.
7.4 Removing the Enclosure Lid
In some circumstances it may be necessary to remove the lid covering the
electronics unit, for example to replace desiccant or carry out a hardware reset.
This is accomplished by removing the four screws as shown in Fig 7.2.
User Guide
WARNING
WARNING
NOTE
NOTE
Fig 7.2 Removing the Encl osure Lid
Opening enclosure lid MUST be carried out by a
competent person
Removing the enclosure lid may expose hot surfaces
The unit will still be powered by the battery even if the mains is
disconnected.
Do not use any grease or oil on any seals including the enclosure lid
gasket. The silicone rubber seals used throughout the CS135 can be
damaged by some mineral oils.
59
CS135 Ceilometer
7.5 Diagnostic LED Indicators Within the Enclosure
Two green LEDs labelled "LASER ON" and "STATUS" are visible on the DSP
(see Fig 7.3). Their function is as follows:-
"LASER ON" LED: Off = laser off
Flashing = laser fault
On = laser on
"STATUS" LED
1 flash every 10 seconds = OK
2 flashes every 10 seconds = warning (possible degraded performance)
3 flashes every 10 seconds = alarm (measurements not possible)
The DSP "STATUS" LED duplicates the LED visible through the top window.
There is a red LED on the PSU. It will give 0.5 second flashes as follows:-
1 flash every 10 seconds = PSU OK
2 flashes every 10 seconds = running in battery mode
3 flashes every 10 seconds = no communications to the DSP. This
takes 60 seconds to start after a communications failure.
60
Fig 7.3 Diagnostic LED indicators
There is a red LED on the Laser module
Off = Laser off
On = Laser on
7.6 Electrical Safety Testing
User Guide
NOTE
If carrying out insulation tests do not use voltages above 300V
RMS as the mains input has devices that effectively short circuit
any voltages above this level.
61
CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC COMPANIES
Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI)
815 West 1800 North
Logan, Utah 84321
UNITED STATES
www.campbellsci.com
Campbell Scientific Africa Pty. Ltd. (CSAf)
Somerset West 7129
www.csafrica.co.za
Campbell Scientific Australia Pty. Ltd. (CSA)
QLD 4814 AUSTRALIA
www.campbellsci.com.au
Campbell Scientific do Brazil Ltda. (CSB)
Rua Luisa Crapsi Orsi, 15 Butantã
CEP: 005543-000 São Paulo SP BRAZIL
www.campbellsci.com.br
Campbell Scientific Canada Corp. (CSC)
11564 - 149th Street NW
Edmonton, Alberta T5M 1W7
www.campbellsci.ca
Campbell Scientific Centro Caribe S.A. (CSCC)
300N Cementerio, Edificio Breller
Santo Domingo, Heredia 40305
www.campbellsci.cc • info@campbellsci.cc
Campbell Scientific Ltd. (CSL)
Shepshed, Loughborough LE12 9GX
UNITED KINGDOM
www.campbellsci.co.uk
Campbell Scientific Ltd. (France)
3 Avenue de la Division Leclerc
www.campbellsci.fr
Campbell Scientific Spain, S. L.
Avda. Pompeu Fabra 7-9
Local 1 - 08024 BARCELONA
www.campbellsci.es
Campbell Scientific Ltd. (Germany)
Fahrenheitstrasse13, D-28359 Bremen
www.campbellsci.de
Please visit www.campbellsci.com to obtain contact information for your local US or International representative.
•info@campbellsci.com
PO Box 2450
SOUTH AFRICA
•sales@csafrica.co.za
PO Box 8108
Garbutt Post Shop
•info@campbellsci.com.au
•suporte@campbellsci.com.br
CANADA
•dataloggers@campbellsci.ca
COSTA RICA
Campbell Park
80 Hathern Road
•sales@campbellsci.co.uk
92160 ANTONY
FRANCE
•info@campbellsci.fr
SPAIN
•info@campbellsci.es
GERMANY
•info@campbellsci.de
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