OPERATOR’S MANUAL
CR200/CR200X Series
Copyright © 2000- 2014
Campbell Scientific, Inc.
Dataloggers
Revision: 1/14
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Table of Contents
Section 1. Introduction ............................................... 1
1.1 CR200(X) series Datalogger Models ..................................................................... 1
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial .................................... 3
2.1 Primer - CR200(X) Data Acquisition..................................................................... 3
2.1.1 Components of a Data Acquisition System .............................................. 3
2.1.2 CR200(X) Mounting ................................................................................. 4
2.1.3 Wiring Panel ............................................................................................. 4
2.1.4 Battery Backup ......................................................................................... 5
2.1.5 Power Supply ............................................................................................ 5
2.1.6 Antenna ..................................................................................................... 5
2.1.7 Analog Sensors ......................................................................................... 6
2.1.8 Bridge Sensors .......................................................................................... 6
2.1.9 Pulse Sensors ............................................................................................ 7
2.1.10 Digital I/O Ports ........................................................................................ 8
2.1.11 RS-232 Sensors ......................................................................................... 9
2.2 Hands-on Exercise - Measuring Temperature ...................................................... 10
2.2.1 Hardware Setup ....................................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Configuration .......................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 PC200W Software Setup ........................................................................ 11
Section 3. Overview .................................................. 23
3.1 CR200(X) Overview ............................................................................................ 23
3.1.1 Programmed Instructions Are Evaluated Sequentially ........................... 24
3.1.2 Sensor Support ........................................................................................ 25
3.1.3 Input / Output Interface: The Wiring Panel ............................................ 25
3.1.4 Power Requirements ............................................................................... 29
3.1.5 Programming: Firmware and User Programs ......................................... 29
3.1.6 Memory and Data Storage ...................................................................... 30
3.1.7 Communications Overview .................................................................... 31
3.1.8 Maintenance Overview ........................................................................... 32
3.2 PC Support Software ............................................................................................ 34
3.3 Specifications ....................................................................................................... 35
Section 4. Sensor Support ....................................... 37
4.1 Powering Sensors ................................................................................................. 37
4.1.1 Switched Precision .................................................................................. 37
4.1.2 Continuous Unregulated (Nominal 12 Volt) ........................................... 37
4.1.3 Switched Unregulated (Nominal 12 Volt) .............................................. 38
4.2 Voltage Measurement .......................................................................................... 38
4.2.1 Measurement Sequence .......................................................................... 38
4.2.2 Measurement Accuracy .......................................................................... 38
4.2.3 Voltage Range......................................................................................... 40
4.2.4 Integration ............................................................................................... 40
4.2.5 Self-Calibration ....................................................................................... 41
4.3 Bridge Resistance Measurements ........................................................................ 41
4.3.1 Measurements Requiring AC Excitation ................................................ 42
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Table of Contents
4.4 Pulse Count Measurement .................................................................................... 42
4.4.1 Pulse input Channels ............................................................................... 43
4.4.2 Pulse Input on Digital I/O Channels C1–C2 ........................................... 45
4.5 Period Averaging Measurements ......................................................................... 45
4.6 SDI-12 Recording ................................................................................................ 46
4.7 Cabling Effects on Measurements ........................................................................ 46
4.7.1 Analog Sensor Cables ............................................................................. 46
4.7.2 Pulse Sensors ........................................................................................... 46
4.7.3 Serial Sensors .......................................................................................... 47
Section 5. Measurement and Control Peripherals .. 49
5.1 Control Output ..................................................................................................... 49
5.1.1 Binary Control ......................................................................................... 49
5.2 Other Peripherals .................................................................................................. 51
5.2.1 TIMs ........................................................................................................ 51
Section 6. CR200(X) Power Supply .......................... 53
6.1 Power Requirement .............................................................................................. 53
6.2 Calculating Power Consumption .......................................................................... 53
6.3 Power Supplies ..................................................................................................... 53
6.3.1 Battery Connection .................................................................................. 53
Section 7. Grounding ................................................ 55
7.1 ESD Protection ..................................................................................................... 55
7.1.1 Lightning Protection ................................................................................ 56
7.2 Single-Ended Measurement Reference ................................................................ 57
Section 8. CR200(X) Configuration .......................... 59
8.1 DevConfig ............................................................................................................ 59
8.2 Sending the Operating System ............................................................................. 60
8.2.1 Sending OS with DevConfig ................................................................... 60
8.3 Settings ................................................................................................................. 62
8.3.1 Settings via DevConfig ........................................................................... 62
8.3.2 Settings via CRBASIC ............................................................................ 66
8.3.3 Settings via Terminal Emulator ............................................................... 66
8.3.4 Durable Settings ...................................................................................... 67
Section 9. Programming ........................................... 69
9.1 Inserting Comments into Program ........................................................................ 69
9.2 Sending Programs ................................................................................................ 69
9.3 Writing Programs ................................................................................................. 69
9.3.1 Short Cut Editor and Program Generator ................................................ 70
9.3.2 CRBASIC Editor ..................................................................................... 70
9.4 Numerical Formats ............................................................................................... 71
9.5 Structure ............................................................................................................... 72
9.6 Declarations I - Single-line Declarations ............................................................. 73
9.6.1 Variables ................................................................................................. 73
9.6.2 Constants ................................................................................................. 76
9.6.3 Alias and Unit Declarations .................................................................... 77
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Table of Contents
9.7 Declarations II - Declared Sequences .................................................................. 77
9.7.1 Data Tables ............................................................................................. 77
9.7.2 Subroutines ............................................................................................. 83
9.8 Program Execution Timing .................................................................................. 83
9.9 Instructions ........................................................................................................... 84
9.9.1 Measurement and Data Storage Processing ............................................ 84
9.9.2 Parameter Types ..................................................................................... 85
9.9.3 Names in Parameters .............................................................................. 85
9.9.4 Expressions in Parameters ...................................................................... 86
9.9.5 Arrays of Multipliers and Offsets ........................................................... 86
9.10 Expressions ........................................................................................................ 87
9.10.1 Floating Point Arithmetic ....................................................................... 87
9.10.2 Mathematical Operations ........................................................................ 87
9.10.3 Logical Expressions ................................................................................ 88
9.11 Program Access to Data Tables .......................................................................... 90
Section 10. CRBASIC Programming Instructions .... 93
10.1 Program Declarations ........................................................................................... 93
10.1.1 Variable Declarations & Modifiers ......................................................... 93
10.1.2 Constant Declarations ............................................................................. 93
10.2 Data Table Declarations ..................................................................................... 94
10.2.1 Data Table Modifiers .............................................................................. 94
10.2.2 Data Storage Output Processing ............................................................. 94
10.3 Single Execution at Compile .............................................................................. 95
10.4 Program Control Instructions ............................................................................. 96
10.4.1 Common Controls ................................................................................... 96
Measurement Instructions .................................................................................. 98
10.5
10.5.1 Diagnostics ............................................................................................. 98
10.5.2 Voltage .................................................................................................... 98
10.5.3 Pulse ........................................................................................................ 98
10.5.4 Digital I/O ............................................................................................... 99
10.5.5 SDI-12..................................................................................................... 99
10.6 Processing and Math Instructions ..................................................................... 100
10.6.1 Mathematical Operators ........................................................................ 100
10.6.2 Logical Operators ................................................................................. 100
10.6.3 Trigonometric Functions ....................................................................... 101
10.6.4 Arithmetic Functions ............................................................................ 102
10.6.5 Spatial Processing ................................................................................. 103
10.6.6 Other Functions..................................................................................... 104
10.7 Clock Functions................................................................................................ 104
10.8 Serial Input / Output ......................................................................................... 105
10.9 Peer-to-Peer PakBus Communications ............................................................. 105
10.10 Data Table Access and Management ............................................................. 106
10.11 SCADA ......................................................................................................... 107
10.12 Satellite Systems Programming ..................................................................... 108
10.12.1 GOES .................................................................................................... 108
Section 11. Programming Resource Library ........... 109
11.1 Remote Sensor Interface .................................................................................... 109
11.2 Radio Power Minimization ................................................................................ 110
11.3 Multiple Switch Closure Measurements ............................................................ 112
11.4 SDI-12 Sensor Support ...................................................................................... 112
11.4.1 SDI-12 Command Basics ...................................................................... 112
11.4.2 SDI-12 Communications ...................................................................... 116
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11.4.3 SDI-12 Power Considerations ............................................................... 118
11.5 Wind Vector ..................................................................................................... 120
11.5.1 OutputOpt Parameters ........................................................................... 120
11.5.2 Wind Vector Processing ........................................................................ 120
11.6 TrigVar and DisableVar - Controlling Data Output and Output Processing .... 125
11.7 Multiple Data Intervals in Data Tables ............................................................. 126
Section 12. Memory and Data Storage .................... 129
12.1 Data Storage ..................................................................................................... 129
12.1.1 Data Table Storage ................................................................................ 129
12.2 Memory Conservation ...................................................................................... 130
12.3 Memory Reset .................................................................................................. 130
12.3.1 Full Memory Reset ................................................................................ 130
12.3.2 Program Send Reset .............................................................................. 130
12.3.3 Manual Data Table Reset ...................................................................... 130
Section 13. Telecommunications and Data
Retrieval .................................................................. 131
13.1 Hardware and Carrier Signal ............................................................................ 131
13.2 Protocols ........................................................................................................... 132
13.3 Initiating Telecommunications ......................................................................... 132
13.4 Data Retrieval ................................................................................................... 132
13.4.1 Via Telecommunications ...................................................................... 132
13.4.2 Data Format on Computer ..................................................................... 132
Section 14. PakBus Overview .................................. 133
14.1 PakBus Addresses ............................................................................................ 133
14.2 Nodes: Leaf Nodes and Routers ....................................................................... 133
14.3 Router and Leaf Node Configuration ............................................................... 134
14.4 Linking Nodes: Neighbor Discovery ................................................................ 134
14.4.1 Hello-message (two-way exchange) ..................................................... 135
14.4.2 Beacon (one-way broadcast) ................................................................. 135
14.4.3 Hello-request (one-way broadcast) ....................................................... 135
14.4.4 Neighbor Lists ....................................................................................... 135
14.4.5 Adjusting Links ..................................................................................... 135
14.4.6 Maintaining Links ................................................................................. 136
14.5 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................ 136
14.5.1 Link Integrity ........................................................................................ 136
14.5.2 Ping ....................................................................................................... 137
14.5.3 Traffic Flow .......................................................................................... 138
14.6 LoggerNet Device Map Configuration ............................................................. 138
Section 15. Alternate Telecoms Resource Library ... 139
15.1 Modbus ............................................................................................................. 139
15.1.1 Overview ............................................................................................... 139
15.1.2 Terminology .......................................................................................... 139
15.1.3 Programming for Modbus ..................................................................... 140
15.1.4 Troubleshooting .................................................................................... 142
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Table of Contents
Section 16. Support Software .................................. 143
16.1 Short Cut .......................................................................................................... 143
16.2 PC200W ........................................................................................................... 143
16.3 Visual Weather ................................................................................................. 143
16.4 PC400 ............................................................................................................... 144
16.5 RTDAQ ............................................................................................................ 144
16.6 LoggerNet Suite ............................................................................................... 144
16.7 PDA Software .................................................................................................. 145
16.8 Network Planner ............................................................................................... 145
Section 17. Care and Maintenance .......................... 147
17.1 Temperature Range .......................................................................................... 147
17.2 Moisture Protection .......................................................................................... 147
17.3 Enclosures ........................................................................................................ 147
17.4 Replacing the Internal Battery .......................................................................... 148
Section 18. Troubleshooting .................................... 151
18.1 Programming .................................................................................................... 151
18.1.2 NAN and ±INF ..................................................................................... 153
18.2 Communications ............................................................................................. 154
18.2.1 RS-232 .................................................................................................. 154
18.2.2 Communicating with Multiple PC Programs ........................................ 154
18.3 Power Supply ................................................................................................... 155
18.3.1 Overview ............................................................................................... 155
18.3.2 Troubleshooting at a Glance ................................................................. 155
18.3.3 Diagnosis and Fix Procedures ............................................................... 156
Appendices
Appendix A. Glossary ................................................... 1
A.1 Terms ..................................................................................................................... 1
A.2 Concepts ............................................................................................................... 13
A.2.1 Accuracy, Precision, and Resolution ...................................................... 13
Appendix B. Status Table and Settings .................... 15
Appendix C. Serial Port Pin Outs ............................... 21
C.1 RS-232 Communications Port ............................................................................. 21
C.1.1 Pin-Out .................................................................................................... 21
Appendix D. ASCII / ANSI Table ................................. 23
Appendix E. Antenna Usage and Compliance .......... 27
E.1 Use of Antenna with CR200(X) ........................................................................... 27
E.2 Part 15 FCC Compliance Warning ...................................................................... 27
E.2.1 Use of Approved Antennas ..................................................................... 28
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Table of Contents
Index .............................................................................. 29
List of Figures
Figure 1: Data Acquisition System Components ........................................................... 3
Figure 2: CR200(X) Wiring Panel ................................................................................. 5
Figure 3: Analog Sensor Wired to Single-Ended Channel #1 ....................................... 6
Figure 4: Half Bridge Wiring -- Wind Vane Potentiometer .......................................... 7
Figure 5: Pulse Input Types ........................................................................................... 7
Figure 6: Pulse Input Wiring -- Anememeter Switch .................................................... 8
Figure 7: Control and Monitoring with Digital I/O ....................................................... 9
Figure 8: Location of RS-232 Port .............................................................................. 10
Figure 9: Use of RS-232 when Reading RS-232 Devices ........................................... 10
Figure 10: Power and RS-232 Connections ................................................................. 11
Figure 11: PC200W Main Window ............................................................................. 13
Figure 12: Short Cut Temperature Sensor Folder ........................................................ 14
Figure 13: Short Cut Thermocoupler Wiring .............................................................. 15
Figure 14: Short Cut Wiring Diagram ......................................................................... 15
Figure 15: Short Cut Outputs Tab ............................................................................... 16
Figure 16: Short Cut Output Table Definition ............................................................. 17
Figure 17: Short Cut Compile Confirmation ............................................................... 17
Figure 18: PC200W Connect Button ........................................................................... 18
Figure 19: PC200W Monitor Data Tab ....................................................................... 19
Figure 20: PC200W Monitor Data Tab ....................................................................... 19
Figure 21: PC200W Collect Data Tab ......................................................................... 20
Figure 22: PC200W View Data Utility ....................................................................... 20
Figure 23: PC200W View Data Table ......................................................................... 21
Figure 24: PC200W View Data Graph ........................................................................ 21
Figure 25: Features of a Data Acquisition System ...................................................... 24
Figure 26: CR200(X) Wiring Panel ............................................................................. 31
Figure 27: Voltage Measurement Accuracy (0° to 40° C) ........................................... 40
Figure 28: Voltage Excitation Bridge Circuit .............................................................. 41
Figure 29: Switch Closure Pulse Sensor ...................................................................... 42
Figure 30: Pulse Input Types ....................................................................................... 44
Figure 31: Amplitude Reduction of Pulse-Count Waveform (before and after
1 ms time constant filter) ...................................................................................... 44
Figure 32: Current Limiting Resistor in a Tipping Bucket Rain Gage Circuit ............ 46
Figure 33: Control Port Current Sourcing ................................................................... 50
Figure 34: Relay Driver Circuit with Relay ................................................................ 51
Figure 35: Power Switching without Relay ................................................................. 51
Figure 36: Lightning Protection Scheme ..................................................................... 57
Figure 37: DevConfig Utility ...................................................................................... 60
Figure 38: DevConfig OS Download Window ........................................................... 61
Figure 39: Dialog Box Confirming OS Download ...................................................... 61
Figure 40: DevConfig Settings Editor ......................................................................... 62
Figure 41: Summary of CR200(X) Configuration ....................................................... 63
Figure 42: DevConfig Deployment Tab ...................................................................... 64
Figure 43: DevConfig Logger Control Tab ................................................................. 65
Figure 44: Entering SDI-12 Transparent Mode ......................................................... 117
Figure 45: Input Sample Vectors ............................................................................... 121
Figure 46: Mean Wind Vector ................................................................................... 123
Figure 47: Standard Deviation of Direction .............................................................. 124
Figure 48: Data from TrigVar Program ..................................................................... 126
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Table of Contents
Figure 49: PakBus Network Addressing. .................................................................. 134
Figure 50: Flat Map ................................................................................................... 138
Figure 51: Tree Map .................................................................................................. 138
Figure 52: Enclosure ................................................................................................. 148
Figure 53: Accuracy, Precision, and Resolution .................................................. Ap. 13
List of Tables
Table 1. CR200 series Dataloggers with Built-In Radio .............................................. 2
Table 2. PC200W EZSetup Wizard Example Selections. .......................................... 12
Table 3. Internal Lithium Battery Specifications ....................................................... 34
Table 4. Current Sourcing Limits ............................................................................... 38
Table 5. Formats for Entering Numbers in CRBASIC ............................................... 71
Table 6. CRBASIC Program Structure ...................................................................... 72
Table 7. Predefined Constants and Reserved Words .................................................. 77
Table 8. TOA5 Environment Line ............................................................................. 78
Table 9. Typical Data Table ....................................................................................... 79
Table 10. Rules for Names ......................................................................................... 85
Table 11. Logical Expression Examples .................................................................... 89
Table 12. Abbreviations of Names of Data Processes................................................ 90
Table 13. Derived Trigonometric Functions ............................................................ 101
Table 14. Standard SDI-12 Command & Response Set ........................................... 113
Table 15. Example Power Usage Profile for a Network of SDI-12 Probes .............. 119
Table 16. OutputOpt Options ................................................................................... 120
Table 17. CR200(X) Telecommunications Options ................................................. 131
Table 18. PakBus Link Performance Gage .............................................................. 137
Table 19. Modbus to Campbell Scientific Equivalents ............................................ 139
Table 20. CRBASIC Ports, Flags, Variables and Modbus Registers ....................... 141
Table 21. LoggerNet Products that Include the LoggerNet Server .......................... 144
Table 22. LoggerNet Clients .................................................................................... 145
Table 23. Internal Lithium Battery Specifications ................................................... 149
Table 24. Program Download Errors ....................................................................... 152
Table 25. Math Expressions and CRBASIC Results ................................................ 154
Table 26. Status Table Fields and Descriptions .................................................. Ap. 16
Table 27. CR200(X) Settings .............................................................................. Ap. 18
Table 28. CR200(X) RS-232 Pin-Out ................................................................. Ap. 21
List of CRBasic Examples
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 1. Inserting Comments .......................................................... 69
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 2. Load binary information into a single variable ................. 71
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 3. Proper Program Structure ................................................. 73
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 4. Using a variable array in calculations ............................... 75
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 5. Flag Declaration and Use ................................................. 76
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 6. Using the Const Declaration ............................................. 76
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 7. Alias and Unit Declaration ............................................... 77
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 8. Definition and Use of a Data Table .................................. 80
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 9. Use of the Disable Variable .............................................. 82
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 10. Use of a Subroutine ........................................................ 83
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 11. BeginProg / Scan / NextScan / EndProg Syntax ............. 84
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 12. Measurement Instruction Syntax .................................... 84
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 13. Use of Expressions in Parameters................................... 86
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 14. Use of Arrays as Multipliers and Offsets ....................... 86
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 15. Use of Variable Arrays to Conserve Code Space ........... 88
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 16. Example Wireless Sensor Program For CR200(X) ...... 109
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Table of Contents
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 17. CRBASIC EXAMPLE. Radio Power Minimization
Program Examples ............................................................................................. 111
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 18. CRBASIC EXAMPLE. Two Rain Gages on a
CR200(X) ........................................................................................................... 112
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 19. Using TrigVar to Trigger Data Storage ........................ 126
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 20. CRBASIC EXAMPLE. Programming for two data
intervals in one data table ................................................................................... 127
CRBASIC EXAMPLE 21. Using NAN in Expressions ........................................... 153
viii
Section 1. Introduction
Whether in extreme cold in Antarctica, scorching heat in Death Valley, salt
spray from the Pacific, micro-gravity in space, or the harsh environment of your
office, Campbell Scientific dataloggers support research and operations all over
the world. Our customers work a broad spectrum of applications, from those
more complex than any of us imagined, to those simpler than any of us thought
practical. The limits of the CR200(X) are defined by our customers. Our intent
with the CR200(X) manual is to guide you to the tools you need to explore the
limits of your application.
You can take advantage of the CR200(X)'s powerful analog and digital
measurement features by spending a few minutes working through the
Quickstart Tutorial (p. 3) and the Overview (p. 23). For more demanding
applications, the remainder of the manual and other Campbell Scientific
publications are available. If you are programming with CRBASIC, you will
need the extensive Help available with the CRBASIC Editor software.
This manual is organized to take you progressively deeper into the complexity
of CR200(X) functions. You may not find it necessary to progress beyond the
Quickstart Tutorial (p. 3) or Overview (p. 23) sections. Quickstart Tutorial (p.
3) gives a cursory view of CR200(X) data acquisition and walks you through a
first attempt at data acquisition. Overview (p. 23) reviews salient topics, which
are covered in-depth in subsequent sections and appendices.
More in-depth study requires other Campbell Scientific publications, most of
which are available on-line at www.campbellsci.com. Generally, if a particular
feature of the CR200(X) requires a peripheral hardware device, more
information is available in the manual written for that device. Manuals for
Campbell Scientific products are available at www.campbellsci.com.
If you are unable to find the information you need, please contact us at 435-7532342 and speak with an applications engineer. Or you can email us at
support@campbellsci.com.
1.1 CR200(X) series Datalogger Models
Models CR200X and CR200 Dataloggers do not have a built-in spread spectrum
radio.
The CR206X, CR211X, and CR216X combine the CR200X datalogger with a
spread spectrum radio for telemetering data. The different model numbers are
for different spread spectrum frequency ranges:
1
Section 1. Introduction
Table 1. CR200 series Dataloggers with Built-In Radio
Model Frequency Where Used
CR206X
CR206 (retired)
CR205 (retired)
CR211X
CR211 (retired)
CR210 (retired)
CR216X
CR216 (retired)
CR215 (retired)
910 to 918 MHz U.S./Canada
920 to 928 MHz Australia/Israel
2.450 to 2.482
GHz
Worldwide
Caution No product using the 24XStream radio, including CR216X, will
be available for sale in Europe after 1/1/2015 due to changes in EU
legislation. Consequently, purchase of the CR216X is not recommended
for use in Europe in new networks that may require future expansion.
The CR295X and CR295 (retired) GOES Dataloggers include an additional
9-pin serial port that allow communications with a TX320, the retired TX312, or
the retired SAT HDR GOES satellite transmitter. While the CR295 required a
special operating system, the CR295X does not.
Note: Throughout this manual CR200(X) will be used to refer to all of the
different models of datalogger in the CR200-series and CR200X-series. In the
cases where information applies only to a specific model or series of datalogger,
that will be clearly specified.
The CR200(X)-series dataloggers have the following enhanced features as
compared to the CR200-series dataloggers:
1. 128 Public variables can be used (CR200-series had 48).
2. 8 Data Tables can be declared (CR200-series had 4).
3. Compiled CRBasic program can be two times larger than for CR200-
series.
4. All CR200(X)-series CRBasic instructions are supported in a single
operating system. See CRBasic and CRBasic Help for a list of
available instructions. No new instructions have been added. If new
instructions are added in the future, they will apply only to the
CR200(X)-series dataloggers.
2
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Quickstart tutorial gives a cursory look at CR200(X) data acquisition.
2.1 Primer - CR200(X) Data Acquisition
Data acquisition with the CR200(X) is the result of a step wise procedure
involving the use of electronic sensor technology, the CR200(X), a
telecommunications link, and PC datalogger support software.
2.1.1 Components of a Data Acquisition System
A typical data acquisition system is conceptualized in FIGURE. Data
Acquisition System Components (p. 3). A CR200(X) is only one part of a data
acquisition system. To acquire good data, suitable sensors and a reliable data
retrieval method are required. A failure in any part of the system can lead to
"bad" data or no data.
2.1.1.1 How Programmed Instructions Are Evaluated
2.1.1.2 Sensors
The CR200(X) evaluates programmed instructions sequentially.
Figure 1: Data Acquisition System Components
Suitable sensors accurately and precisely transduce environmental change into
measurable electrical properties by outputting a voltage, changing resistance,
outputting pulses, or changing states.
Read More! APPENDIX. Accuracy, Precision, and Resolution (Appendix p.
13)
3
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
2.1.1.3 Datalogger
2.1.1.4 Data Retrieval
CR200(X)s can measure most sensors with an electrical response. CR200(X)s
measure electrical signals and convert the measurement to engineering units,
perform calculations and reduce data to statistical values. Every measurement
does not need to be stored. The CR200(X) will store data in memory awaiting
transfer to the PC via external storage devices or telecommunications.
The main objective of a data acquisition system is to provide data files on a PC.
Data are copied, not moved, from the CR200(X) to the PC. Multiple users may
have access to the same CR200(X) without compromising data or coordinating
data collection activities.
A RS-232 port is integrated with the CR200(X) wiring panel to facilitate data
collection.
On-site serial communications are preferred if the datalogger is near the PC, and
the PC can dedicate a serial (COM) port for the datalogger or use a USB-toserial converter. On-site methods such as direct serial connection or infrared
link are also used when the user visits a remote site with a laptop or PDA.
In contrast, telecommunications provide remote access and the ability to
discover problems early with minimum data loss. Typically a base station radio
that is compatible with the radio internal to the CR200(X) will be the preferred
method of telecommunication. A variety of devices, such as telephone modems,
satellite transceivers, and TCP/IP network modems may be interfaced with the
base station for the most demanding applications.
2.1.2 CR200(X) Mounting
The CR200(X) module integrates electronics within a compact housing, making
it economical, small, and very rugged.
2.1.3 Wiring Panel
As shown in FIGURE. CR200(X) Wiring Panel p. 5, the CR200(X) provides
terminals for connecting sensors, power and communications devices. Internal
surge protection is incorporated with the input channels.
The CR200(X) uses spring-loaded terminal blocks for connecting sensors and
peripherals. This provides quick, vibration resistant connections. To attach
wires, insert a small flat blade screwdriver into the slot and push back. Insert
the wire and then bring the screwdriver forward.
4
Caution! Opening a terminal by prying the end may cause damage,
particularly at low temperatures.
Figure 2: CR200(X) Wiring Panel
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
2.1.4 Battery Backup
A lithium battery backs up the CR200(X) clock, program, and memory if it
loses power.
2.1.5 Power Supply
The CR200(X) is powered by a nominal 12 volt DC source. Acceptable power
range is 7 to 16 VDC.
The CR200(X) does not have an internal power supply but does have
connections for an external battery and a built-in charging regulator for charging
a 12 V lead-acid battery from an external power source. Charging power can
come from a 16-22 VDC input such as a solar panel.
2.1.6 Antenna
For CR200(X) models with a built-in radio, an FCC authorized antenna is a
required component. An SMA male connector is provided on the CR200(X)
wiring panel for antenna connection. Antennas are either 900 MHz or 2.4 GHz
depending on the type of radio installed.
5
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
2.1.7 Analog Sensors
Analog sensors output continuous voltages that vary with the phenomena
measured.
Analog sensors connect to analog terminals. Analog terminals are configured as
single-ended, wherein sensor outputs are measured with respect to ground
(FIGURE. Analog Sensor Wired to Single-Ended Channel #1 (p. 6)). The
CR200(X) cannot perform differential voltage measurements.
Figure 3: Analog Sensor Wired to Single-Ended Channel #1
2.1.8 Bridge Sensors
Bridge sensors change resistance with respect to environmental change.
Resistance is determined by measuring the difference between the excitation
voltage supplied to the bridge and the voltage detected by the CR200(X)
returning from the bridge.
2.1.8.1 Voltage Excitation
The CR200(X) supplies a precise excitation voltage via excitation terminals.
Return voltage is measured on single ended analog terminals. Because the
CR200(X) cannot make the differential voltage readings used with full bridge
and some half bridge circuits, only basic half bridge measurements can be made.
A wiring example is illustrated in FIGURE. Half Bridge Wiring Wind Vane
Potentiometer p. 7.
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 4: Half Bridge Wiring -- Wind Vane Potentiometer
2.1.9 Pulse Sensors
The CR200(X) can measure switch closures, low-level AC signals (waveform
breaks zero volts), or voltage pulses. Compatible signal types are illustrated in
FIGURE. Pulse Input Types (p. 7). A pulse input wiring example is shown in
FIGURE. Pulse Input Wiring -- Anemometer Switch (p. 8).
Note Period averaging sensors are connected to analog channels.
Figure 5: Pulse Input Types
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 6: Pulse Input Wiring -- Anemometer Switch
2.1.10 Digital I/O Ports
The CR200(X) has 2 digital I/O ports selectable, under program control, as
binary inputs or control outputs. These are multi-function ports including:
device driven interrupts, switch closure pulse counting, high frequency pulse
counting, and SDI-12 communications. FIGURE. Control and Monitoring with
Digital I/O (p. 9), illustrates a simple application wherein a port is used to
control a device while a second port monitors the state of the device.
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 7: Control and Monitoring with Digital I/O
2.1.11 RS-232 Sensors
The CR200(X) has an RS-232 input as shown in FIGURE. Location of RS-232
Port p. 10. As indicated in FIGURE. Use of RS-232 when Reading RS-232
Devices, p. 10 RS-232 sensors can be connected to the RS-232 port. The port
can be set up with various baud rates, parity options, stop bit options, and so
forth as defined in CRBASIC Help.
Note: For the CR200, SerialInput () is a special instruction, which is available
only in the special S operating system.
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 8: Location of RS-232 Port
Figure 9: Use of RS-232 when Reading RS-232 Devices
2.2 Hands-on Exercise - Measuring Temperature
This tutorial is designed to illustrate the function of the CR200(X). During the
exercise, the following items will be described.
• Attaching a temperature probe to analog differential terminals
• Creating a program for the CR200(X)
10
• Making a simple temperature measurement
• Sending data from the CR200(X) to a PC
• Viewing the data from the CR200(X)
2.2.1 Hardware Setup
With Reference to FIGURE. Power and RS-232 Connections (p. 11).
1. Connect external power (7 – 16VDC) to the CR200 by inserting the
positive lead into the "Battery +".
2. Insert the negative lead into the "Battery-".
3. Connect the RS-232 cable (PN 10873, provided) between the RS-232
port on the CR200(X) and the RS-232 port on the PC. For computers
that have only a USB port, a USB Serial Adaptor (PN 17394 or
equivalent) is required.
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 10: Power and RS-232 Connections
2.2.2 Configuration
For this exercise, factory default settings will work. To change the PakBus
address or radio settings from their factory defaults, or if you are not sure what
settings are currently stored on the CR200(X), use Device Configuration Utility
or DevConfig software.
Read More! See DevConfig p. 59
2.2.3 PC200W Software Setup
1. Install the PC200W software onto a PC. Follow the on-screen prompts
during the installation process for the Program Folder and Destination
Location.
2. Open the PC200W software (FIGURE. PC200W Main Window (p.
13)). When the software is first run, the EZSetup Wizard will be run
automatically in a new window. This will configure the software to
communicate with the CR200(X). TABLE. PC200W EZSetup Wizard
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Example Selections (p. 12) indicates what information needs to be
entered on each screen. Click on Next at the bottom of the screen to
advance to the next screen.
Table 2. PC200W EZSetup Wizard Example Selections.
Start the wizard to follow table entries
Screen Name Information Needed
Introduction Provides and introduction to the EZSetup Wizard along with
Datalogger Type and Name Select the CR200(X) from the scroll window.
COM Port Selection Select the correct COM port for RS-232 connection.
Datalogger Settings Used to configure how the CR200(X) communicates through
Communication Setup
Summary
Communications Test A communications test between the CR200(X) and PC can
instructions on how to navigate through the wizard.
Accept the default name of "CR200(X)."
Typically, this will be COM1. Other COM numbers are
possible, especially when using a USB to serial cable.
Leave the COM Port Communication Delay at "00 seconds."
Note: When using a USB to serial cable, the COM number
may change if the cable is moved to a different USB port.
This will prevent data transfer between the software and
CR200(X). Should this occur, simply move the USB cable
back to the original port. If this is not possible, it will be
necessary to close the PC200W software and open it a
second time to refresh the available COM ports. Click on
"Edit Datalogger Setup" and change the COM port to the
new port number.
the COM port.
For this tutorial, accept the default settings.
Provides a summary of the settings made in previous
screens.
be performed in this screen.
For this tutorial, the test is not required. Press Finish to exit
the Wizard.
12
After exiting the wizard, the main PC200W window becomes visible. The
window has several tabs available. By Default, the Clock/Program tab is visible.
This tab displays information on the currently selected datalogger along with
clock and program functions. The Monitor Data or Collect Data tabs may be
selected at any time.
A number of icons are available across the top of the window. These access
additional functions available to the user.
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 11: PC200W Main Window
2.2.3.1 Programming With Short Cut
2.2.3.1.1 Short Cut Programming Objectives
This portion of the tutorial will use Short Cut to create a program that measures
air temperature (°C) with a 109 Temperature Probe, and rainfall (mm) with a
TE525WS rain gage. The CR200(X) will take samples every ten seconds and
store averages of these values at one minute intervals.
Even if the 109 Temperature Probe and TE525WS Rain Gage sensors are not
available, the programming example can still be followed. Without a 109 probe
connected the measurement result will be NAN; without a TE525WS connected
the measurement result will be 0. A rain gage can be simulated by straightening
a segment of each of two paper clips and inserting the straightened segment of
one paper clip into P_SW and the adjacent ground channel. To simulate a rain
gage tip, squeeze the paper clips together until they touch and then allow them
to spring apart.
2.2.3.1.2 Procedure (Short Cut Steps 1–6)
1. Click on the Short Cut icon in the upper-right corner of the PC200W
window. The icon resembles a clock face.
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
2. A new window will appear showing the option to create a new program
or open an existing program. Select New Program.
3. A drop-down list will appear showing different dataloggers. Select the
CR200(X) and click OK.
4. The program will now ask for the scan interval. Set the interval to 10
seconds and click OK.
5. A second prompt will ask for a choice of "Sensor Support." Select
"Campbell Scientific, Inc."
6. Under Available Sensors, expand the "Sensors" folder by clicking on
the "+" symbol. This shows several sub-folders. Expand the
"Temperature" folder to view the available sensors.
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Figure 12: Short Cut Temperature Sensor Folder
2.2.3.1.3 Procedure (Short Cut Steps 7–9)
1. Double-click the 109 Temperature Probe sensor to add it to the
Selected category. Alternatively, highlight the Wiring Panel
Temperature sensor by clicking on it once, and then click on the arrow
between Available Sensors and Selected to add it to the Selected
sensors.
2. Click OK on the next screen to accept T109_C for the measurement
label, the DegC for the units.
3. Double click on the Meteorological application group. Double click
on Precipitation, and double click on the TE525 / TE525WS sensor to
add it to the selected sensors table. Click OK to accept Rain_mm for
the measurement label, and mm for the units.
Figure 13: Short Cut Thermocouple Wiring
2.2.3.1.4 Procedure (Short Cut Step 10)
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
1. Click on the Wiring Diagram link to view the sensor wiring diagram.
Attach the 109 Temperature Probe and TE525 Rain Gauge to the
CR200(X) as shown in the diagram. Click on Outputs to advance to the
next step.
Figure 14: Short Cut Wiring Diagram
2.2.3.1.5 Procedure (Short Cut Step 11)
1. The Outputs window displays a list of selected sensors on the left, and
data storage Tables on the right.
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
Figure 15: Short Cut Outputs Tab
2.2.3.1.6 Procedure (Short Cut Steps 12 –18)
1. By default, there are two Tables initially available. Both Tables have a
Store Every field along with a drop-down box to select the time units.
These are used to set the time interval when data is stored.
2. Only one Table is needed for this tutorial, so Table 2 can be removed.
Select Table 2 by clicking on its tab, and then click on Delete Table.
3. Change the Table Name to OneMin, and then change the interval to 1
minute (Store Every 1 Minutes).
4. Adding a measurement to the table is done by selecting the
measurement under Selected Sensors, and then clicking on one of the
processing buttons in the center of the window.
5. Click the Default sensor (battery voltage) and click the Minimum
button. Click the 109 temperature sensor and click the Average button.
Click the TE525 rain gauge sensor and click the Total button.
6. Click the Default sensor (battery voltage) and double click the
Minimum button. Click the 109 temperature sensor and double click
the Average button. Click the TE525 rain gauge sensor and double
click the Total button.
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7. Click the Default sensor (battery voltage) and double click the
Minimum button. Do not store the time of minimum. Click the 109
temperature sensor and double click the Average button. Click the
TE525 rain gauge sensor and double click the Total button..
Figure 16: Short Cut Output Table Definition
2.2.3.1.7 Procedure (Short Cut Step 19)
Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
1. Click on Finish to compile the program. Give the program the name
"QuickStart." A prompt will ask if you want to send the program to the
datalogger. For this exercise choose No. A summary screen will
appear showing the compiler results. Any errors during compiling will
also be displayed.
Figure 17: Short Cut Compile Confirmation
2.2.3.1.8 Procedure (Short Cut Step 20)
1. Close this window by clicking on the "X" in the upper right corner.
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Section 2. Quickstart Tutorial
2.2.3.2 Programming the CR200(X) and Collecting Data
2.2.3.2.1 Procedure (PC200W Step 1)
1. From the PC200W Clock/Program tab, click on the Connect button to
establish communications with the CR200(X). When communications
have been established, the text on the button will change to Disconnect.
Figure 18: PC200W Connect Button
2.2.3.2.2 Procedure (PC200W Steps 2–4)
1. Click the Set Clock button to synchronize the datalogger's clock with
the computer's clock.
2. Click on the Send Program button. A window will appear warning that
data on the datalogger will be erased. Answer "yes" to the prompt.
Another window will open. Browse to the C:\CampbellSci\SCWin
folder, select the QuickStart.CR2 file, and then click the Open button.
A status bar will appear while the program is sent to the CR200(X)
followed by a confirmation that the transfer was successful. Click OK
to close this window.
3. After sending a program to the CR200(X), a good practice is to
monitor the measurements to ensure they are reasonable. Select the
Monitor Data tab. The window now displays data found in the Public
Table coming from the CR200(X). To view the OneMin table, select an
empty cell in the display area, and then click on the Add button.
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