The4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT BRIDGE TERMINAL INPUT MOUDLES
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4WPB100, 4WPB1K Table of Contents
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3-1. Wiring for Example Programs ................................................................2
3-1. 4WPB100/4WPB1K Connections to Campbell Scientific Dataloggers..3
4-1. Excitation Voltage for 100 Ohm PRT in 4WPB100 Based on
Maximum Temperature and Input Voltage Range...............................3
4-2. Excitation Voltage for 1000 Ohm PRT in 4WPB1000 Based on
Maximum Temperature and Input Voltage Range...............................4
i
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4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT Bridge
Terminal Input Modules
1. Function
Terminal input modules connect directly to the datalogger's input terminals to
provide completion resistors for resistive bridge measurements, voltage
dividers, and precision current shunts. The 4WPB100 and 4WPB1K are used
to provide completion resistors for 4 wire half bridge measurements of 100
Ohm and 1 killohm Platinum Resistance Thermometer (PRT), respectively.
H
L
G
H
L
AG
H
L
AG
2. Specifications
FIGURE 1-1. Terminal Input Module
Current limiting 10 kOhm Resistor
Tolerance @ 25 °C ±5%
Power rating 0.25 W
Completion Resistor
Tolerance @ 25 °C ±0.01%
Temperature coefficient
0-60 °C
-55-125 °C
Power rating 0.25 W
4 ppm/°C
8 ppm/°C
1
4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT Bridge Terminal Input Modules
Vx
HI
LO
HI
LO
GND
FIGURE 2-1. Circuit Schematic
3. Wiring
The Terminal input module is connected to the appropriate channel. The
dashed lines in Figure 2-1 indicate the sensor wiring. When making 4 wire
half bridge measurements, the 4WPB is connected to a differential channel and
the sense leads from the PRT to the next differential channel. The black
excitation wire is connected to the excitation channel. In th e following
examples the 4WPB is connected to differential channel 1 and the PRT to
differential channel 2; the excitation wire is connected to excitation channel 1
(Figure 3-1).
10k
0.01%
5%
Rf
H
Rf = 100 , 1k
L
Rs
GND
Datalogger
Ex1
4WPB100
1H
L
1L
AG or
G
2H
2L
FIGURE 3-1. Wiring for Example Programs
PRT
2
4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT Bridge Terminal Input Modules
TABLE 3-1. 4WPB100/4WPB1K Connections to
Campbell Scientific Dataloggers
Function
Excitation Black Wire E1 EX1 Excitation 1
V1 High H 1H 1H 1H
V1 Low L 1L 1L 1L
Ground G AG
Label/Lead
4. Programming Examples
The following examples simply show the two instructions necessary to 1)
make the measurement and 2) calculate the temperature. The result of the 4
wire half bridge measurement as shown is Rs/Ro, the input required for the
PRT algorithm to calculate temperature. Note that “Full Bridge” is shown as
the name for measurement Instruction 9 (used with CR10(X), 21X, and CR7).
When Instruction 9 is used with the first measurement range not set to the
maximum input range, it becomes a four wire half bridge measurement.
All the examples are for a 100 Ohm PRT in the 4WPB100. The excitation
voltages used were chosen with the assumption that the temperature would not
exceed 50 °C. Tables 4-1 and 4-2 list excitation voltage as a function of
maximum temperature and the input voltage ranges used with the different
dataloggers. Calculation of optimum excitation voltage is discussed in Section
A 4 wire half bridge is the best choice for accuracy where the Platinum
Resistance Thermometer (PRT) is separated from other bridge completion
resistors by a lead length having more than a few thousandths of an Ohm
resistance. Four wires to the sensor allow one set of wires to carry the
excitation current and a separate set of sense wires that allow the voltage
across the PRT to be measured without the effect of any voltage drop in the
excitation leads.
Figure 2-1 shows the circuit used to measure the PRT. The 10 kOhm resistor
allows the use of a high excitation voltage and low voltage ranges on the
measurements. This insures that noise in the excitation does not have an effect
on signal noise and that self heating of the PRT due to excitation is kept to a
minimum. Because the fixed resistor (R
approximately the same resistance, the differential measurement of the voltage
drop across the PRT can be made on the same range as the differential
measurement of the voltage drop across R
The result of the four wire half bridge Instruction is:
V
2
V
1
the voltage drop is equal to the current (I), times the resistance thus:
) and the PRT (Rs) have
f
.
f
VVIR
2
1
=
IRRR
⋅
s
s
=
f
f
7
4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT Bridge Terminal Input Modules
The RTD Instruction (16) computes the temperature (°C) for a DIN 43760
standard PRT from the ratio of the PRT resistance at the temperature being
measured (R
) to its resistance at 0°C (R0). Thus, a multiplier of Rf/R0 is used
s
with the 4 wire half bridge instruction to obtain the desired intermediate, R
= (R
x Rf/Ro). If Rf and R0 are equal, the multiplier is 1.
s/Rf
The fixed resistor must be thermally stable. The 4 ppm/°C temperature
coefficient would result in a maximum error of 0.05 °C at 60 °C. The 8
ppm/°C temperature coefficient would result in a maximum error of 0.33 °C at
125 °C. Because the measurement is ratiometric (R
the absolute values of either R
not affect the result.
5.1 Excitation Voltage
The best resolution is obtained when the excitation voltage is large enough to
cause the signal voltage to fill the measurement voltage range. The voltage
drop across the PRT is equal to the current, I, multiplied by the resistance of
the PRT, R
measure a temperature in the range of -10 to 40°C, the maximum voltage drop
will be at 40°C when R
voltage that can be used when the measurement range is ±25 mV, we assume
equal to 25 mV and use Ohm's Law to solve for the resulting current, I.
V
2
, and is greatest when Rs is greatest. For example, if it is desired to
s
=115.54 Ohms. To find the maximum excitation
s
s/R0
) and does not rely on
s/Rf
or Rf, the properties of the 10 kOhm resistor do
s
V
is equal to I multiplied by the total resistance:
x
If the actual resistances were the nominal values, the 25 mV range would not
be exceeded with V
resistances, it is decided to set V
resistor is 5% low, then R
V to keep V
5.2 Calibrating a PRT
The greatest source of error in a PRT is likely to be that the resistance at 0 °C
deviates from the nominal value. Calibrating the PRT in an ice bath can
correct this offset and any offset in the fixed resistor in the Terminal Input
Module.
The result of the 4 wire half bridge is:
VVIR
⋅
2
=
IRRR
⋅
1
I = 25 mV/R
= 2.2 V. To allow for the tolerances in the actual
x
less than 25 mV).
s
s
s
=
f
f
= 25 mV/115.54 Ohms
s
= 0.216 mA
= I(R1+Rs+Rf) = 2.21 V
V
x
equal to 2.1 volts (e.g., if the 10 kOhm
x
/(R1+Rs+Rf)=115.54/9715.54, and Vx must be 2.102
s
8
4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT Bridge Terminal Input Modules
With the PRT at 0 °C, R
reciprocal of the multiplier required to calculate temperature, R
making a measurement with the PRT in an ice bath, errors in both R
. Thus, the above result becomes Ro/Rf, the
s=Ro
f/R0
. By
and Ro.
s
can be accounted for.
To perform the calibration, connect the PRT to the datalogger and program the
datalogger to measure the PRT with the 4 wire half bridge as shown in the
example section (multiplier = 1). Place the PRT in an ice bath (@ 0°C;
). Read the result of the bridge measurement. The reading is Rs/Rf,
R
s=R0
which is equal to R
since Rs=Ro. The correct value of the multiplier, Rf/R0,
o/Rf
is the reciprocal of this reading. For example, if the initial reading is 0.9890,
the correct multiplier is: R
= 1/0.9890 = 1.0111.
f/R0
9
4WPB100, 4WPB1K PRT Bridge Terminal Input Modules
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10
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