Campbell Manufacturing TLX106 User Manual

TLX106 WEATHER STATION

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

3/01

COPYRIGHT (c) 1993-2001 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.

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Warranty and Assistance

815 W. 1800 N.
Logan, UT 84321-1784
USA
Phone [phone]
FAX [phone]
www.campbellsci.com

Campbell Scientific Canada Corp.
11564 -149th Street
Edmonton, Alberta T5M 1W7
CANADA
Phone [phone]
FAX [phone]

Campbell Scientific Ltd.
Campbell Park
80 Hathern Road
Shepshed, Loughborough
LE12 9GX, U.K.
Phone [phone]
FAX [phone]

The

TLX106 WEATHER STATION is warranted by CAMPBELL

SCIENTIFIC, INC. to be free from defects in materials and workmanship
under normal use and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment
unless specified otherwise. Batteries have no warranty. CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or
replacing (at CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s option) defective products.
The customer shall assume all costs of removing, reinstalling, and shipping
defective products to CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC, INC. will return such products by surface carrier prepaid. This
warranty shall not apply to any CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. products
which have been subjected to modification, misuse, neglect, accidents of
nature, or shipping damage. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties,
expressed or implied, including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. is not liable for special,
indirect, incidental, or consequential damages.

Products may not be returned without prior authorization. To obtain a
Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC,
INC., phone [phone]. After an applications engineer determines the
nature of the problem, an RMA number will be issued. Please write this
number clearly on the outside of the shipping container. CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC's shipping address is:

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.

RMA#_____
815 West 1800 North
Logan, Utah 84321-1784

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. does not accept collect calls.

Non-warranty products returned for repair should be accompanied by a
purchase order to cover the repair.

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TLX106 Weather Station
Table of Contents

1. Preparation and Siting

1.1 Installation Tasks ..................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 Indoors.........................................................................................1-1

1.1.2 Outdoors......................................................................................1-1

1.2 Tools Required......................................................................................1-1

1.2.1 Tools for Tower Installation........................................................1-2

1.2.2 Tools for Instrumentation and Maintenance................................1-2

1.2.3 Supplies for Power and Communications Options......................1-3

1.3 Siting and Exposure..............................................................................1-3

1.3.1 Wind Speed and Direction ..........................................................1-3

1.3.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity...........................................1-3

1.4 Determining True North for Wind Vane Orientation............................1-4

1.4.1 Prompts from GEOMAG ............................................................1-5

2. TLX106 Tower Installation

2.1 Base Installation....................................................................................2-2

2.1.1 Supplied Components..................................................................2-2

2.2.2 Installation...................................................................................2-2

2.2 Tower Installation .................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 Supplied Components..................................................................2-3

2.2.2 Installation...................................................................................2-3

2.3 Tower Grounding..................................................................................2-4

2.3.1 Supplied Components..................................................................2-4

2.3.2 Grounding Procedure ..................................................................2-5

3. TLX106 Instrumentation Installation

3.1 Enclosure, Datalogger, Power Supply...................................................3-2

3.1.1 Battery Option Installation..........................................................3-2

3.1.2 Solar Panel Installation................................................................3-2

3.1.3 AC Power Installation.................................................................3-3

3.1.4 Enclosure Installation..................................................................3-3

3.2 Sensor Connection ................................................................................3-4

3.3 Communication and Data Storage Peripherals......................................3-5

3.3.1 Phone Modems............................................................................3-6

3.3.2 Short-Haul Modem......................................................................3-7

3.4 Sealing and Desiccating the Enclosure .................................................3-9

4. TLX106 Sensor Arm Installation

4.1 Components ..........................................................................................4-1

4.2 Installation.............................................................................................4-1

4.3 Sensor Connection ................................................................................4-2

4.4 034A Wind Sensor Installation.............................................................4-2

4.5 RH and Temperature Radiation Shield .................................................4-3

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TLX106 Weather Station Table of Contents

4.6 Pyranometer ..........................................................................................4-3

4.7 Sensor Verification and Clock Set.........................................................4-3

4.8 Sensor Schematics.................................................................................4-4

5. Software Installation and Settings

5.1 Measure Sensors and Process Data .......................................................5-1

5.2 Software Install and Settings.................................................................5-1

5.3 Create Message......................................................................................5-7

6. Maintenance and Troubleshooting

6.1 Maintenance ..........................................................................................6-1

6.1.1 Instrumentation Maintenance ......................................................6-1

6.1.2 Batteries....................................................................................... 6-1

6.1.3 Desiccant .....................................................................................6-1

6.1.4 Sensor Maintenance.....................................................................6-2

6.2 Troubleshooting ....................................................................................6-3

6.2.1 No Response Using the Keypad..................................................6-3

6.2.2 No Response from Datalogger through SC32A or

6.2.3 -99999 Displayed in an Input Location.......................................6-4

6.2.4 Unreasonable Results Displayed in an Input Location................6-4

Modem Peripheral..................................................................6-3

Figures

1.3-1. Effect of Structure on Wind Flow.....................................................1-4

1.4-1 Magnetic Declination for the Contiguous United States....................1-5

1.4-2 Declination Angles East of True North Are Subtracted from

0 to Get True North.......................................................................1-7

1.4-3 Declination Angles West of True North Are Added to 0

to Get True North..........................................................................1-8

2.1-1 TLX106 Tower Installation................................................................2-1

2.1-2 TLX106 Tower Base Installation.......................................................2-3

2.2-1 Raising and Grounding the TLX106 Tower ......................................2-4

3-1 TLX106 Instrumentation Mounted on the ET Tower...........................3-1

3.1-1 Rechargeable Power Mounting Connections.....................................3-2

3.1-2 Solar Panel Mounting.........................................................................3-2

3.1-3 Mounting and Grounding the TLX106 Enclosure.............................3-4

3.2-1 Position of Sensor Bulkhead Connectors...........................................3-5

3.3-1 Phone Modem Mounting and Connections........................................3-6

3.3-2 Short-Haul Modem Mounting and Connection..................................3-7

3.3-3 Short-Haul Modem Wiring Diagram .................................................3-9

3.4-1 Desiccant Installation.......................................................................3-10

4.2-1 TLX106 Sensor Arm Mounting.........................................................4-1

4.4-1 Wind and RH/Temperature Sensor Installation.................................4-2

4.6-1 Pyranometer Leveling........................................................................4-3

4.8-1 Schematic of HMP45C-LC RH Temperature Probe and

Connector #1.................................................................................4-5

4.8-2 Schematic of 034A-LC Wind Speed and Direction Probe and

Connector #2.................................................................................4-5

4.8-3 Schematic of LI200X-LC Solar Radiation Sensor and

Connector #3.................................................................................4-6

4.8-4 Schematic of TE525-LC Rain Sensor and Connector #5...................4-6

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TLX106 Weather Station Table of Contents

5.3-1 ProLine software provides an easy-to-use message editor ................5-7

5.3-2 The available options provided by the source menu are shown ........5-8

5.3-3 When the weather station source has been chosen, several
meteorological conditions reported in various units are

provided under the field menu......................................................5-8

iii

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Section 1. Preparation and Siting

These guidelines apply to several Campbell Scientific weather stations.

1.1 Installation tasks

1.1.1 Indoors

• Immediately upon receipt of your shipment…

⇒ Open shipping cartons.
⇒ Check contents against invoice. Contact CSI immediately about any

shortages.

• Several days prior to the planned installation date…

⇒ Collect tools and site information (Section 1)
⇒ Trial run the tower, assembling as much as possible (Section 2)
⇒ Repackage equipment for transport to the field site

1.1.2 Outdoors

• Locate suitable site (Section 1)

• Prepare tower (Section 2)

• TLX106 Stations:

1.2 Tools Required

Tools required to install and m a intain a weather station are listed below.

⇒ Place instrumentation enclosure low on the TLX106 Tower (Section

3)

⇒ Install sensor option (Section 4)
⇒ Slide enclosure to top of tower and secure with correct orientation

(Section 3)

1-1

Section 1. Preparation and Siting

1.2.1 Tools for Tower Installati on

All Towers

Shovel
Rake
Open end wrenches: 3/8", 7/16", ½", (2) 9/16"
Magnetic compass
6' Step ladder

TLX106 Tower

Tape measure (12’ to 20’)
Claw hammer
Level (24” to 36” )
Hand saw
Materials for concrete form:

(4) 1" x 2" x 12" stakes
(2) 2" x 4" x 96" lumber
(12) 8p double-head nails
(8) 16p double-head nails
20 ft form wire
½ Yard concrete
Concrete trowel, edger
Electrical Fish tape or 20 feet of small diameter rope
Wheelbarrow

1.2.2 Tools for Instrumentation and Maintenance

All Towers

Lock and key for enclosure
Magnetic declination angle (Section 4)
Magnetic compass
Straight bit screwdrivers (small, medium, large)
Phillips-head screwdrivers (small, me dium)
Small diagonal side-cuts
Needle-nose pliers
Wire strippers
Pocket knife
Calculator
Volt / Ohm Meter
Electrical Tape
Step ladder (6')
Datalogger prompt sheet
Station manuals
Station log and pen
Open end wrenches: 3/8", 7/16", ½", (2) 9/16"
Socket wrench and 7/16" deep well socket
Adjustable wrench
Pliers
Conduit and associated tools (as required)
Felt-tipped marking pen
Claw hammer
Pipe wrench (12")

1-2

1.2.3 Supplies for Power and Communicati ons Opti ons

AC Power

Wire, conduit, and junction boxes as needed

Phone Modem

Hayes compatible calling modem for PC
Phone line to weather station or junction box

Short-Haul Modem

4 Conductor communications cable from PC to weather station or junction box
6' copper ground rod and clamp for PC surge protection (optional)

1.3 Siting and Exposure

Section 1. Preparation and Siting

CAUTION

If any part of the weather station comes in contact with
power lines, you could be killed. Contact local utilities for
the location of buried utility lines before digging or driving
ground rods.

Selecting an appropriate site for the weather station is critical in order to obtain
accurate meteorological data. In general, the site should be representative of
the general area of interest, and away from the influence of obstructions such
as buildings and trees.

The weather station should not be located where sprinkler irrigation water will
strike sensors or instrument enclosure.

Some general guidelines for site selection are listed below, which were
condensed from EPA (1988)

1

, WMO (1983)2, and AASC (1985)3 publications.

1.3.1 Wind Speed and Direction

Wind sensors should be located over open level terrain, and at a distance of at
least ten times (EPA) the height of any nearby building, tree or other
obstruction, as illustrated in Fig ure 1.3-1.

1.3.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity

Sensors should be located over an open level area at least 9 m (EPA) in
diameter. The surface should be covered by short grass, or where grass does
not grow, the natural earth surface. Sensors should be located at a distance of
at least four times the height of any nearby obstruction and at least 30 m (EPA)
from large paved areas. Sensors should be protected from thermal radiation,
and adequately ventilated.

1-3

Section 1. Preparation and Siting

Situations to avoid include:

• large industrial heat sources

• rooftops

• steep slopes

• sheltered hollows

• high vegetation

• shaded areas

• swamps

• areas where snow drifts occur

• low places holding standing water after rains

ogan Uta

MADE IN USA

eight of tree

FIGURE 1.3-1. Effect of Structure on Wind Flow

1.4 Determining True North for Wind Vane Orientation

1-4

Magnetic declination, or other methods to find True North, should be determined
prior to installing the weather station. True North is usually found by reading a
magnetic compass and applying the correction for magnetic declination*; where
magnetic declination is the number of degrees between True North and Magnetic
North. Magnetic declination for a specific site can be obtained from a USFA map,
local airport, or through a computer service offered by the USFS called GEOMAG

Section 1. Preparation and Siting

(Section 1.4.1). A general map showing magnetic declination for the contiguous
United States is shown in Figure 1.4-1.

Declination angles east of True North are considered negative, and are subtracted
from 0 degrees to get True North as shown Figure 1.4-2. Declination angles west
of True North are con-sidered po sitive, and are added to 0 degrees to get True
North as shown in Figure 1.4-3. For example, the declination for Logan, Utah is
16° East. True North is 360° - 16°, or 344° as read on a compass.

* Other methods employ observations using the North Star or the sun, and

are discussed in the Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume IV - Meteorological Measurements

4

.

Subtract declination from 360° Add declination to 0°

FIGURE 1.4-1. Magnetic Declination for the Contiguous United States

1.4.1 Prompts from GEOMAG

GEOMAG is accessed by phone with a PC and telephone modem, and a
communications program such as GraphTerm (PC208 Software). GEOMAG
prompts the caller for site latitude, longitude, and elevation, which it uses to
determine the magnetic declination and annual change. The following
information, menu, and prompts are from GEOMAG:

GEOMAG is a user-friendly program that provides estimates of the
geomagnetic field elements, including declination and total field intensity,
based upon Magnetic Models. The program is accessible by modem.

Modem Access:

Modem settings: No parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit (i.e., N81)

1-5

Section 1. Preparation and Siting

Telephone numbers:

Phone Number Baud Rates
303-273-8672 2400

303-273-8673 1200
303-273-8678 1200

Upon carrier-signal detection, press Return once or twice.

If you are using one of the commercial numbers, the following prompts will
appear. Type the responses shown (followed by pressing RETURN):

GLDSV1> c neis [RETURN]
Username: QED [RETURN]

MAIN MENU
Type

Q for Quick Epicenter Determinations (QED)
L for Earthquake Lists (EQLIST)
M for Geomagnetic Field Values (GEOMAG)

X to log out
Enter program option: M
Would you like information on how to run GEOMAG (Y/N)? N
Options:
1 = Field Values (D, I, H, X, Z, F)

2 = Magnetic Pole Positions
3 = Dipole Axis and Magnitude
4 = Magnetic Center [1] : 1

Display values twice [N]: press return
Name of field model [USCON90]: press return
Date

[current date]:

press return
Latitude : 42/2 N
Longitude : 111/51/2 W
Elevation : 4454 ft

Example of report generated by GEOMAG:

Model: USCON90 Latitude: 42/2 N
Date : 7/27/93 Longitude: 111/51/2 W

Elevation: 4454.0 ft

D
deg min

15 59.6

1-6

Annual change:
0 -6.1

Section 1. Preparation and Siting

Exiting:

Press "Cntrl-Z" to exit GEOMAG.
When the main menu reappears either select another option or type "X" to

log out.
If you used one of the commercial numbers, the GLDSV1> prompt will

reappear.
Type "LO" to disconnect.

Use of GEOMAG is free (except for telephone charges). If possible, please
avoid using

GEOMAG between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., mountain time, Monday through Friday.

The declination in the example above is listed as 15 degrees and 59.6 minutes.
Expressed in degrees, this would be 15.99 degrees. As shown in Figure 1.4-1,
the declination for Utah is east, so True North for this site is 360 - 15.99, or
344 degrees. The annual change is -6.1 minutes.

FIGURE 1.4-2. Declination Angles East of True North Are Subtracted

From 0 to Get True North

1-7