Campbell LWS Instruction Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

LWS Dielectric

Copyright © 2008- 2015

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

Leaf Wetness Sensor

Revision: 2/15

Limited Warranty

“Products manufactured by CSI are warranted by CSI to be free from defects in
materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve months
from the date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corresponding
product manual. (Product manuals are available for review online at

www.campbellsci.com.) Products not manufactured by CSI, but that are resold

by CSI, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
Batteries, fine-wire thermocouples, desiccant, and other consumables have no
warranty. CSI’s obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or
replacing (at CSI’s option) defective Products, which shall be the sole and
exclusive remedy under this warranty. The Customer assumes all costs of
removing, reinstalling, and shipping defective Products to CSI. CSI will return
such Products by surface carrier prepaid within the continental United States of
America. To all other locations, CSI will return such Products best way CIP
(port of entry) per Incoterms ® 2010. This warranty shall not apply to any
Products which have been subjected to modification, misuse, neglect, improper
service, accidents of nature, or shipping damage. This warranty is in lieu of all
other warranties, expressed or implied. The warranty for installation services
performed by CSI such as programming to customer specifications, electrical
connections to Products manufactured by CSI, and Product specific training, is
part of CSI's product warranty. CSI EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS AND

EXCLUDES ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CSI hereby disclaims,
to the fullest extent allowed by applicable law, any and all warranties and
conditions with respect to the Products, whether express, implied or
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Assistance

Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following
contact information is for US and international customers residing in countries
served by Campbell Scientific, Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle
repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit

www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company serves

your country.

To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone [phone]. After an application engineer
determines the nature of the problem, an RMA number will be issued. Please
write this number clearly on the outside of the shipping container. Campbell
Scientific’s shipping address is:

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.
RMA#_____
815 West 1800 North
Logan, Utah 84321-1784

For all returns, the customer must fill out a “Statement of Product Cleanliness
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completed form must be either emailed to [e-mail] or faxed to
[phone]. Campbell Scientific is unable to process any returns until we
receive this form. If the form is not received within three days of product
receipt or is incomplete, the product will be returned to the customer at the
customer’s expense. Campbell Scientific reserves the right to refuse service on
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concerns for our employees.

Precautions

DANGER — MANY HAZARDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLING, USING, MAINTAINING, AND WORKING ON OR AROUND

TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ANY ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES,
ANTENNAS, ETC. FAILURE TO PROPERLY AND COMPLETELY ASSEMBLE, INSTALL, OPERATE, USE, AND MAINTAIN TRIPODS,

TOWERS, AND ATTACHMENTS, AND FAILURE TO HEED WARNINGS, INCREASES THE RISK OF DEATH, ACCIDENT, SERIOUS
INJURY, PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND PRODUCT FAILURE. TAKE ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID THESE HAZARDS.
CHECK WITH YOUR ORGANIZATION'S SAFETY COORDINATOR (OR POLICY) FOR PROCEDURES AND REQUIRED PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO PERFORMING ANY WORK.

Use tripods, towers, and attachments to tripods and towers only for purposes for which they are designed. Do not exceed design
limits. Be familiar and comply with all instructions provided in product manuals. Manuals are available at www.campbellsci.com or
by telephoning [phone] (USA). You are responsible for conformance with governing codes and regulations, including safety
regulations, and the integrity and location of structures or land to which towers, tripods, and any attachments are attached. Installation
sites should be evaluated and approved by a qualified engineer. If questions or concerns arise regarding installation, use, or
maintenance of tripods, towers, attachments, or electrical connections, consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician.

General

• Prior to performing site or installation work, obtain required approvals and permits. Comply

with all governing structure-height regulations, such as those of the FAA in the USA.

• Use only qualified personnel for installation, use, and maintenance of tripods and towers, and

any attachments to tripods and towers. The use of licensed and qualified contractors is
highly recommended.

• Read all applicable instructions carefully and understand procedures thoroughly before

beginning work.

• Wear a hardhat and eye protection, and take other appropriate safety precautions while

working on or around tripods and towers.

• Do not climb tripods or towers at any time, and prohibit climbing by other persons. Take

reasonable precautions to secure tripod and tower sites from trespassers.

• Use only manufacturer recommended parts, materials, and tools.

Utility and Electrical

• You can be killed or sustain serious bodily injury if the tripod, tower, or attachments you are

installing, constructing, using, or maintaining, or a tool, stake, or anchor, come in contact
with overhead or underground utility lines.

• Maintain a distance of at least one-and-one-half times structure height, 20 feet, or the

distance required by applicable law, whichever is greater, between overhead utility lines and
the structure (tripod, tower, attachments, or tools).

• Prior to performing site or installation work, inform all utility companies and have all

underground utilities marked.

• Comply with all electrical codes. Electrical equipment and related grounding devices should

be installed by a licensed and qualified electrician.

Elevated Work and Weather

• Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work.

• Use appropriate equipment and safety practices.

• During installation and maintenance, keep tower and tripod sites clear of un-trained or non-

essential personnel. Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping.

• Do not perform any work in inclement weather, including wind, rain, snow, lightning, etc.

Maintenance

• Periodically (at least yearly) check for wear and damage, including corrosion, stress cracks,

frayed cables, loose cable clamps, cable tightness, etc. and take necessary corrective actions.

• Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections.

WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS,
THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR
MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS,
ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC.

Table of Contents

PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the
PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.

1. Introduction ................................................................. 1

2. Cautionary Statements ............................................... 1

3. Initial Inspection ......................................................... 1

4. Quickstart .................................................................... 2

5. Overview ...................................................................... 4

5.1 Measurement ........................................................................................ 4

5.2 Leaf Mimicry ....................................................................................... 4

6. Specifications ............................................................. 5

7. Installation ................................................................... 6

7.1 Field Installation .................................................................................. 6

7.2 Wiring .................................................................................................. 7

7.3 Programming ........................................................................................ 7

7.3.1 Voltage Measurement ................................................................... 7

7.3.2 Interpreting Data ........................................................................... 8

8. Maintenance ................................................................ 9

9. Acknowledgement ...................................................... 9

Appendices

Importing Short Cut Code Into a Program

A.

Editor ..................................................................... A-1

B. Example Programs ................................................. B-1

B.1 Example CR1000 Program .............................................................. B-1

B.2 Example CR6 Program .................................................................... B-2

Figures

7-1. LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor .................................................. 6

7-2. Top view of a typical LWS installation ............................................... 6

7-3. Typical LWS response ......................................................................... 8

i

Table of Contents

Tables

B-1. CR1000 Example Wiring ................................................................ B-1

B-2. CR6 Example Wiring ...................................................................... B-2

ii

NOTE

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

1. Introduction

Direct measurement of leaf wetness is problematic. Secure long-term
attachment of a sensor to a representative living leaf is difficult. Leaf position,
sun exposure, and health are in constant flux. To avoid these problems, leaf
wetness sensors have been developed to estimate by inference the wetness of
nearby leaves. The LWS estimates leaf surface wetness by measuring the
dielectric constant of the sensor’s upper surface. The sensor is able to detect
the presence of miniscule amounts of water or ice. Individual sensor
calibration is not normally necessary.

This manual provides information only for CRBasic dataloggers.
It is also compatible with most of our retired Edlog dataloggers.
For Edlog datalogger support, see an older manual at

www.campbellsci.com/old-manuals or contact a Campbell

Scientific application engineer for assistance.

2. Cautionary Statements

• READ AND UNDERSTAND the Precautions section at the front of this

manual.

• Care should be taken when opening the shipping package to not damage or

cut the cable jacket. If damage to the cable is suspected, consult with a
Campbell Scientific application engineer.

• Although the LWS is rugged, it should be handled as a precision scientific

instrument.

• Over time, the accumulation of dust and bird droppings can cause the dry

output to rise. We recommend that the sensor be periodically cleaned
using a moist cloth, or when you detect elevated dry output.

• The LWS is intended only for applications wherein the datalogger

provides short excitation, leaving the probe quiescent most of the time.
Continuous excitation may cause the probe to exceed government
specified limits on electromagnetic emissions.

3. Initial Inspection

• Upon receipt of the LWS, inspect the packaging and contents for damage.

File damage claims with the shipping company.

• The model number and cable length are printed on a label at the

connection end of the cable. Check this information against the shipping
documents to ensure the correct product and cable length are received.

1

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

4. Quickstart

Short Cut is an easy way to program your datalogger to measure the LWS and
assign datalogger wiring terminals. The following procedure shows using
Short Cut to program the LWS.

1. Install Short Cut by clicking on the install file icon. Get the install file

2. The Short Cut installation should place a Short Cut icon on the desktop of

from either www.campbellsci.com, the ResourceDVD, or find it in
installations of LoggerNet, PC200W, PC400, or RTDAQ software.

your computer. To open Short Cut, click on this icon.

3. When Short Cut opens, select New Program.

2

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

4. Select Datalogger Model and Scan Interval (default of 5 seconds is OK

for most applications). Click Next.

5. Under the Available Sensors and Devices list, select the Sensors |

Miscellaneous Sensors folder. Select LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness

Sensor. Click to move the selection to the Selected device window.

Enter the Dry threshold (mV) < and Wet threshold (mV) >= values (see
Section 7.3.2, Interpreting Data

(p. 8), for information about determining

the dry threshold and wet threshold values).

3

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

6. After selecting the sensor, click at the left of the screen on Wiring

Diagram to see how the sensor is to be wired to the datalogger. The

wiring diagram can be printed out now or after more sensors are added.

5. Overview

5.1 Measurement

7. Select any other sensors you have, then finish the remaining Short Cut

steps to complete the program. The remaining steps are outlined in Short

Cut Help, which is accessed by clicking on Help | Contents |
Programming Steps.

8. If LoggerNet, PC400, RTDAQ, or PC200W is running on your PC, and the

PC to datalogger connection is active, you can click Finish in Short Cut
and you will be prompted to send the program just created to the
datalogger.

9. If the sensor is connected to the datalogger, as shown in the wiring

diagram in step 6, check the output of the sensor in the datalogger support
software data display to make sure it is making reasonable measurements.

The LWS measures the dielectric constant of a zone approximately 1 cm from
the upper surface of the sensor. The dielectric constant of water (≈80) and ice

(≈5) are much higher than that of air (≈1), so the measured dielectric constant

is strongly dependent on the presence of moisture or frost on the sensor
surfaces. The sensor outputs a mV signal proportional to the dielectric of the
measurement zone, and therefore proportional to the amount of water or ice on
the sensor surface.

4

5.2 Leaf Mimicry

The LWS is designed to approximate the thermodynamic properties of most
leaves. If the specific heat of a typical leaf is estimated at 3750 J kg
density estimated at 0.95 g/cm

–1 K–1

3

, and thickness estimated at 0.4 mm, then the

,

heat capacity of the leaf is ≈1425 J m–2 K–1. This heat capacity is closely

approximated by the thin (0.65 mm) fiberglass construction of the LWS, which
has a heat capacity of 1480 J m
properties of a real leaf, the LWS closely matches the wetness state of the
canopy.

The sensor closely matches the radiative properties of real leaves. Healthy
leaves generally absorb solar radiation in much of the visible portion of the
spectrum, but selectively reject much of the energy in the near-infrared. The
surface coating of the LWS absorbs well in the near-infrared region, but the
white color reflects most of the visible radiation. Spectroradiometer
measurements indicate that the overall radiation balance of the sensor closely
matches that of a healthy leaf. During normal use, prolonged exposure to
sunlight can cause some yellowing of the coating, which does not affect the
probe’s function. The surface coating is hydrophobic — similar to a leaf with
a hydrophobic cuticle. The sensor should match the wetness state of these
types of leaves well, but may not match the wetness duration of pubescent
leaves or leaves with less waxy cuticles.

6. Specifications

Features:

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

–2 K–1

. By mimicking the thermodynamic

• Imitates characteristics of a leaf

• Does not require painting or calibration of individual sensors

• Detects trace amounts of water or ice on the leaf surface

• Compatible with Campbell Scientific CRBasic dataloggers: CR6,

CR200(X) series, CR800, CR850, CR1000, CR3000, CR5000, and
CR9000(X)

Measurement Time: 10 ms

Excitation: 2.5 Vdc (2 mA) to 5.0 Vdc (7 mA)

Minimum Excitation Time: 10 mS

Output: 10% to 50% of excitation

Operating Temperature: –20 to 60 °C

Probe Dimensions: 11.2 cm x 5.8 cm x .075 cm

Maximum Lead Length: 250 ft

Interchangeability: Interchangeable without painting or individual

calibration

5

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

7. Installation

If you are programming your datalogger with Short Cut, skip Section 7.2,
Wiring
you. See Section 4, Quickstart

7.1 Field Installation

The LWS is designed to be mounted on a small diameter rod. Deployment in a
plant canopy or on a weather station mast is typical. Two holes in the sensor
body are available for mounting with zip ties or 4-40 bolts (FIGURE 7-1 and
FIGURE 7-2).

(p. 7), and Section 7.3, Programming (p. 7). Short Cut does this work for

(p. 2), for a Short Cut tutorial.

FIGURE 7-1. LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

FIGURE 7-2. Top view of a typical LWS installation

6

7.2 Wiring

TABLE 7-1. Wire Color, Function, and Datalogger Connection

⏚

NOTE

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

Color

White Voltage Excitation Switched Voltage Excitation

Red Analog Out Single-Ended Channel

Bare Analog Ground

7.3 Programming

Short Cut is the best source for up-to-date datalogger programming code.
Programming code is needed

If your data acquisition requirements are simple, you can probably create and
maintain a datalogger program exclusively with Short Cut. If your data
acquisition needs are more complex, the files that Short Cut creates are a great
source for programming code to start a new program or add to an existing
custom program.

Short Cut cannot edit programs after they are imported and edited
in CRBasic Editor.

• when creating a program for a new datalogger installation

• when adding sensors to an existing datalogger program

Function

CR200(X), CR6,

CR800/850, CR5000,

CR3000, CR1000, CR9000(X)

A Short Cut tutorial is available in Section 4, Quickstart (p. 2). If you wish to
import Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor to create or add to a customized
program, follow the procedure in Appendix Appendix A, Importing Short Cut
Code Into a Program Editor
dataloggers are provided in the following sections. A complete program
example for a CRBasic datalogger can be found in Appendix B, Example
Programs
dataloggers are provided at www.campbellsci.com/old-manuals.

(p. B-1). Programming basics and programming examples for Edlog

7.3.1 Voltage Measurement

The LWS requires excitation voltage between 2.5 and 5 Vdc. It produces an
output voltage dependent on the dielectric constant of the medium surrounding
the probe. Output voltage ranges from 10 to 50% of the excitation voltage.

Except for the CR200(X), CRBasic dataloggers use the BRHalf() instruction to
measure the probe’s output. The BRHalf() instruction and parameters are as
follows:

BRHalf(Dest,Reps,Range,SeChan,ExChan,MeasPEx,ExmV,RevEx,Settling,Integ,
Mult,Offset)

(p. A-1). Programming basics for CRBasic

7

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

NOTE

The CR200(X) uses the ExDelSE() CRBasic instruction to measure the probe’s
output. The ExDelSE() instruction and parameters are as follows:

ExDelSE( Dest, Reps, SEChan, ExChan, ExmV, Delay, Mult, Offset )

7.3.2 Interpreting Data

Many leaf wetness applications, such as phytopathology, require a Boolean
interpretation of leaf wetness data such as whether or not water is present. A
Boolean threshold is determined by analyzing a few days of time series data.
Consider time series data in FIGURE 7-3, which were obtained at 5 Vdc

excitation. The sensor yields ≈445 mV when dry, ≈475 mV when frosted, and

>475 mV when wet. Therefore, a Boolean wetness threshold of 500 mV
should serve well for interpreting these data.

8

FIGURE 7-3. Typical LWS response

Duration of leaf wetness can be determined either by post processing of data,
or by programming the datalogger to accumulate time of wetness based on the
Boolean threshold. Accumulation of dust and debris, such as avian fecal
matter, will change the Boolean threshold. So, while having the datalogger
accumulate time of leaf wetness, or time of frost, may be convenient, assurance
of data quality requires retention of the base mV measurements.

Collect data frequently enough to capture changes in surface
wetness. A sample frequency of 15 minutes or less is usually
necessary to accurately capture leaf wetness duration.

8. Maintenance

Over time, the accumulation of dust and debris will cause the dry output to
increase and changing the Boolean threshold. Clean the sensing surface with a
moist cloth periodically or when elevated dry output is detected.

The LWS leaf wetness sensor is designed to withstand typical outdoor
radiation and precipitation loads for greater than two years. If you are using
the LWS in areas with non-typical (unusually high) radiation loads, we
recommend additional applications of McNett UVTech (available from

www.mcnett.com) be reapplied every 45 days. McNett is the only tested and

approved UV blocking system for this leaf wetness sensor.

To apply McNett UV Tech:

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

1. Wipe sensor clean.

2. Spray sensor surface with McNett UV Tech.

3. Rub with soft cloth until dry.

9. Acknowledgement

Portions of this manual are copyrighted by Decagon Devices, Inc. and are used
by permission.

9

LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor

10

NOTE

Appendix A. Importing Short Cut Code Into a Program Editor

This tutorial shows:

• How to import a Short Cut program into a program editor for

additional refinement

• How to import a wiring diagram from Short Cut into the comments of

a custom program

Short Cut creates files that can be imported into either CRBasic Editor or
Edlog program editor. These files normally reside in the

C:\campbellsci\SCWin folder and have the following extensions:

• .DEF (wiring and memory usage information)

• .CR2 (CR200(X) datalogger code)

• .CR6 (CR6 datalogger code)

• .CR1 (CR1000 datalogger code)

• .CR8 (CR800 or CR850 datalogger code)

• .CR3 (CR3000 datalogger code)

• .CR5 (CR5000 datalogger code)

Use the following procedure to import Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor
(CR200(X), CR6, CR1000, CR800, CR850, CR3000, CR5000 dataloggers).

1. Create the Short Cut program following the procedure in Section 4,
Quickstart
file name used when saving the Short Cut program.

2. Open CRBasic Editor.

3. Click File | Open. Assuming the default paths were used when Short Cut
was installed, navigate to C:\CampbellSci\SCWin folder. The file of
interest has a “.CR2”, “.CR6”, “.CR1”, “.CR8”, “.CR3”, or “.CR5”
extension, for CR200(X), CR6, CR1000, CR800/CR850, CR3000, or
CR5000 dataloggers, respectively. Select the file and click Open.

4. Immediately save the file in a folder different from \Campbellsci\SCWin,
or save the file with a different file name.

Once the file is edited with CRBasic Editor, Short Cut can no
longer be used to edit the datalogger program. Change the name
of the program file or move it, or Short Cut may overwrite it next
time it is used.

5. The program can now be edited, saved, and sent to the datalogger.

(p. 2). Finish the program and exit Short Cut. Make note of the

6. Import wiring information to the program by opening the associated .DEF
file. Copy and paste the section beginning with heading “-Wiring for
CRXXX–” into the CRBasic program, usually at the head of the file.
After pasting, edit the information such that a ' character (single quotation

A-1

Appendix A. Importing Short Cut Code Into a Program Editor

mark) begins each line. This character instructs the datalogger compiler to
ignore the line when compiling the datalogger code.

A-2

TABLE B-1. CR1000 Example Wiring

⏚

Appendix B. Example Programs

B.1 Example CR1000 Program

The wiring for the example is shown in TABLE B-1.

Color Function CR1000

White Excitation EX1 or VX1

Red Analog Out SE1

Bare Analog Ground

'CR1000

'Declare Variables and Units
Public BattV
Public PTemp_C
Public LWmV
Public LWMDry
Public LWMCon
Public LWMWet

Units BattV=Volts
Units PTemp_C=Deg C
Units LWmV=mV
Units LWMDry=Minutes
Units LWMCon=Minutes
Units LWMWet=Minutes

'Define Data Tables
DataTable(Table1,True,-1)
DataInterval(0,60,Min,10)
Sample(1,BattV,FP2)
Sample(1,PTemp_C,FP2)
Sample(1,LWmV,FP2)
Totalize(1,LWMDry,FP2,False)
Totalize(1,LWMCon,FP2,False)
Totalize(1,LWMWet,FP2,False)
EndTable

DataTable(Table2,True,-1)
DataInterval(0,1440,Min,10)
Minimum(1,BattV,FP2,False,False)
EndTable

'Main Program
BeginProg
'Main Scan
Scan(5,Sec,1,0)
'Default Datalogger Battery Voltage measurement 'BattV'
Battery(BattV)
'Default Wiring Panel Temperature measurement 'PTemp_C'
PanelTemp(PTemp_C,_60Hz)

'LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor measurement 'LWmV'
BrHalf(LWmV,1,mV2500,1,1,1,2500,False,10000,_60Hz,2500,0)

B-1

Appendix B. Example Programs

TABLE B-2. CR6 Example Wiring

⏚

'Determine Minutes Dry, LWMDry, Minutes Wet or Contaminated, ‘LWMCon, and
Minutes Wet, LWMWet for this Scan
LWMDry=0
LWMCon=0
LWMWet=0
If LWmV<274 Then
LWMDry=0.08333333
Else
If LWmV>=284 Then
LWMWet=0.08333333
Else
LWMCon=0.08333333
EndIf
EndIf
'Call Data Tables and Store Data
CallTable(Table1)
CallTable(Table2)
NextScan
EndProg

B.2 Example CR6 Program

The wiring for the example is shown in TABLE B-2.

Color Function CR6

White Excitation U1

Red Analog Out U2

Bare Analog Ground

'CR6 Series

'Declare Variables and Units
Public BattV
Public PTemp_C
Public LWmV
Public LWMDry
Public LWMCon
Public LWMWet

Units BattV=Volts
Units PTemp_C=Deg C
Units LWmV=mV
Units LWMDry=Minutes
Units LWMCon=Minutes
Units LWMWet=Minutes

'Define Data Tables
DataTable(Table1,True,-1)
DataInterval(0,60,Min,10)
Sample(1,LWmV,FP2)
Totalize(1,LWMDry,FP2,False)
Totalize(1,LWMCon,FP2,False)
Totalize(1,LWMWet,FP2,False)
EndTable

B-2

Appendix B. Example Programs

DataTable(Table2,True,-1)
DataInterval(0,1440,Min,10)
Minimum(1,BattV,FP2,False,False)
EndTable

'Main Program
BeginProg
'Main Scan
Scan(5,Sec,1,0)
'Default Datalogger Battery Voltage measurement 'BattV'
Battery(BattV)

'Default Wiring Panel Temperature measurement 'PTemp_C'
PanelTemp(PTemp_C,60)

'LWS Dielectric Leaf Wetness Sensor measurement 'LWmV'
BrHalf(LWmV,1,mV5000,U2,U1,1,2500,False,10000,60,2500,0)

'Determine Minutes Dry 'LWMDry', Minutes Wet or Contaminated
'LWMCon', and Minutes Wet 'LWMWet' for this Scan
LWMDry=0
LWMCon=0
LWMWet=0
If LWmV<274 Then
LWMDry=0.08333333
Else
If LWmV>=284 Then
LWMWet=0.08333333
Else
LWMCon=0.08333333
EndIf
EndIf

'Call Data Tables and Store Data
CallTable Table1
CallTable Table2
NextScan
EndProg

B-3

Appendix B. Example Programs

B-4

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