Campbell CS451, CS456 Instruction Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

CS451/CS456 Submersible

Copyright © 2009- 2 016

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

Pressure Transducer

Revision: 1/16

Limited Warranty

“Products manufactured by CSI are warranted by CSI to be free from defects
in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for twelve months
from the date of shipment unless otherwise specified in the corres ponding
product manual. (Product manuals are available for review online at

www.campbellsci.com.) Products not manufactured by CSI, but that are resold

by CSI, are warranted only to the limits extended by the original manufacturer.
Batteries, fine-wire thermocouples, desiccant, and other consumables have no
warranty. CSI’s obligation un der this warranty is limited to repairing or
replacing (at CSI’s option) defective Products, which shall be the sole and
exclusive remedy under this warranty. The Customer assumes all costs of
removing, reinstalling, and shipping defective Products to CSI. CSI will return
such Products by surface carrier prepaid within the continental United States of
America. To all other locations, CSI will return such Products best way CIP
(port of entry) per Incoterms ® 2010. This warranty shall not apply to any
Products which have been subjected to modification, misuse, neglect, improper
service, accidents of nature, or shipping damage. This warranty is in lieu of all
other warranties, expressed or implied. The warranty for installation services
performed by CSI such as programming to customer specifications, electrical
connections to Products manufactured by CSI, and Product specific training, is
part of CSI's product warranty. CSI EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS AND

EXCLUDES ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABI LI TY
OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CSI here by disclaims,
to the fullest extent allowed by applicable law, any and all warranties and
conditions with respect to the Products, whether express, implied or
statutory, other than those expressly provided herein.”

Assistance

Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following
contact information is for US and international customers residing in countries
served by Campbell Scientific , Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle
repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit

www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company serves

your country.

To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA), contact CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone [phone]. After an application engineer
determines the nature of the problem, an RMA number will be issued. Please
write this number clearly on the outside of the shipping container. Campbell
Scientific’s shipping address is:

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.
RMA#_____
815 West 1800 North
Logan, Utah 84321-1784

For all returns, the customer must fill out a “Statement of Product Clea nliness
and Decontamination” form and comply with the requirements specified in it.
The form is available from our website at www.campbellsci.com/repair. A
completed form must be either emailed to [e-mail] or faxed to
[phone]. Campbell Scientific is unable to process any returns until we
receive this form. If the form is not received within three days of product
receipt or is incomplete, the product will be returned to the customer at the
customer’s expense. Campbell Scientific reserves the right to refuse service on
products that were exposed to contaminants that may cause health or safety
concerns for our employees.

Safety

DANGER — MANY HAZARDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLING, USING, MAINTAINING, AND WORKING ON OR AROUND

TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ANY ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES,
ANTENNAS, ETC. FAILURE TO PROPERLY AND COMPLETELY ASSEMBLE, INSTALL, OPERATE, USE, AND MAINTAIN TRIPODS,

TOWERS, AND ATTACHMENTS, AND FAILURE TO HEE D WARNINGS, INCREASES THE RISK OF DEATH, ACCIDENT, SERIOUS
INJURY, PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND PRODUCT FAILURE. TAKE ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID THESE HAZARDS.
CHECK WITH YOUR ORGANIZATION'S SAFETY COORDINATOR (OR POLICY) FOR PROCEDURES AND REQUIRED PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO PERFORMING ANY WORK.

Use tripods, towers, and attachments to tripods and towers only for purposes for which they are designed. Do not exceed design
limits. Be familiar and comply wit h all in str uctions provided in product manuals. Manuals are a vailable at www.campbellsci.com or
by telephoning [phone] (USA). You are responsible for conformanc e with governing codes and regulati ons, includin g s afety
regulations, and the integrity and location of structures or land to which towers, tripods, and any attachments are attached. Installation
sites should be evaluated and approved by a qualified engineer. If questions or concerns arise regarding installation, use, or
maintenance of tripods, towers, attachments, or electrical connections, consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician.

General

• Prior to performing site or installation work, obtain required approvals and permits. Comply

with all governing structur e-height regulations, such as those of the FAA in the U SA.

• Use only qualified personnel for installation, use, and maintenance of tripods and towers, and

any attachments to tripods and towers. The use of licensed and qualified contractors is highly
recommended.

• Read all applicable instructions carefully and understand procedures thoroughly before

beginning wor k.

• Wear a hardhat and ey e protection, and take other appropriate safety precautions while

working on or around tripods and towers.

• Do not climb tripods or towers at any time, and prohibit climbing by other persons. Take

reasonable precautions to secure tripod and tower sites from trespassers.

• Use only manufacturer recommended parts, materials, and tools.

Utility and Electrical

• You can be killed or sustain serious bodily injury if the tripod, tower, or attachments you are

installing, constructing, using, or maintaining, or a tool, stake, or anchor, come in contact with
overhead or underground utility lines.

• Maintain a distance of at least one-and-one-half times structure height, 20 feet, or the distance

required by applicable law, whichever is greater, between over head utility line s and the
structure (tripod, tower, attachmen ts, or tools).

• Prior to performing site or installation work, inform all utility companies and have all

underground utilities marked.

• Comply with all electrical codes. Electrical equipment and related gro unding devices should

be installed by a licensed and qualified electrician.

Elevated Work and Weather

• Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work.

• Use appropriate equipment and safety practices.

• During installation and maintenance, keep tower and tripod sites clear of un-trained or non-

essential personnel. Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping.

• Do not perform any work in inclement weather, including wind, rain, snow, light ning, etc.

Maintenance

• Periodically (at least yearly) check for wear and damage, including corrosion, stress cracks,

frayed cables, loose cable clamps, cable tightness, etc. and take necessary corrective actions.

• Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections.

WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS,
THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION, USE, OR
MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS,
ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC.

Table of Contents

PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the
PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.

1. Introduction ................................................................ 1

2. Precautions ................................................................ 1

3. Initial Inspection ......................................................... 1

4. QuickStart ................................................................... 2

5. Overview ..................................................................... 5

6. Specifications ............................................................. 6

7. Installation .................................................................. 8

7.1 Installation Considerations ................................................................... 8

7.1.1 Transducer Position ...................................................................... 8

7.1.2 Vent Tube ..................................................................................... 8

7.1.3 Appropriate Water Depth .............................................................. 9

7.1.4 Dislodging Bubbl es ....................................................................... 9

7.2 Installation Procedure .......................................................................... 9

7.2.1 Lower to depth .............................................................................. 9

7.2.2 Secure the Transducer ................................................................... 9

7.2.2.1 Tie Wrap/Tape.................................................................... 9

7.2.2.2 Split Mesh Cable Grip ...................................................... 10

7.2.2.3 Heyco Cable Grip ............................................................. 10

7.2.3 Measure the Initial Elevation ...................................................... 11

7.2.4 Offset Calculation ....................................................................... 11

7.3 Wiring ................................................................................................ 12

7.3.1 SDI-12 Datalogger Connections ................................................. 12

7.3.2 RS-232 Connections ................................................................... 12

7.3.3 A150/CWS900 ............................................................................ 12

7.4 Programming ...................................................................................... 13

8. Operation .................................................................. 14

8.1 Configuration ..................................................................................... 14

8.1.1 PC Connection Using the A200 .................................................. 14

8.1.1.1 Driver Installation ............................................................ 14

8.1.1.2 A200 Wiring ..................................................................... 14

8.1.1.3 Powering the Sensor ......................................................... 15

8.1.1.4 Determining which COM Port the A200 ha s been

Assigned ....................................................................... 15

8.1.2 Device Configuration Utility (version 2.03 or higher) ................ 16

8.2 SDI-12 Commands ............................................................................. 16

8.3 Measuring Multiple SDI-12 Sensors .................................................. 17

9. Maintenance ............................................................. 18

i

Table of Contents

Every Visi t ........................................................................................ 18

9.1

9.2 Every Two to Three Years or on a Rotating Schedule ...................... 18

10. Troubleshooting ....................................................... 19

Appendices

A. Importing Short Cut Code into CRBasic Editor ... A-1

B. Example Programs ................................................. B-1

B.1 CRBasic Programs .......................................................................... B-1

B.1.1 Example Program for CR200(X)-Series Datalogger ................ B-1

B.1.2 Example Program for CR1000 Datalogger .............................. B-2

C. Calibration Certificate ............................................ C-1

D. SDI-12 Sensor Support .......................................... D-1

D.1 SDI-12 Command Basics ................................................................ D-1

D.1.1 Address Quer y Command (?!) ................................................. D-1

D.1.2 Change Addre ss Command (aAb!) .......................................... D-1

D.1.3 Send Identification Command (aI!) .......................................... D-2

D.1.4 Start Measurement Commands (aM!) ...................................... D-2

D.1.5 Aborting a M easurement Command ........................................ D-2

D.1.6 Send Data Command (aDv!) .................................................... D-2

D.2 SDI-12 Transparent Mode ............................................................... D-3

D.2.1 CR200(X) Ser i es Datalogger Example .................................... D-4

D.2.2 CR1000 Datalogger Example ................................................... D-4

D.3 Advanced SDI-12 Commands ......................................................... D-5

E. RS-232 Connecti on Via PC Ter mi na l Sof tware .... E-1

Figures

5-1. CS451 nose cone options .................................................................... 6

7-1. Transducer suspended with split me sh cable grip ............................. 10

7-2. 31648 Heyco Cable Grip ................................................................... 10

7-3. Transducer mounted in PVC pipe using the 31648 Heyco cable

grip ................................................................................................. 11

7-4. A150 wired for CS451 pressure sensor and CWS900 connector ...... 13

8-1. A200 Sensor-to-PC Interface ............................................................ 15

8-2. Connect screen .................................................................................. 16

D-1. CR200(X) example of using the SDI-12 transparent mode to

change the SDI-12 address from 0 to 1. ....................................... D-4

D-2. CR1000 example of using the SDI-12 transparent mode to

change the SDI-12 address from 3 to 1. Sensor is connected

to control port 1. ........................................................................... D-5

E-1. Terminal Emulator ........................................................................... E-2

ii

Tables

7-1. SDI-12 Wiring ................................................................................... 12

7-2. RS-232 Wiring ................................................................................... 12

8-1. Factory Settings ................................................................................. 14

8-2. A200 Wiring ...................................................................................... 15

8-3. Start Measurement SDI-12 Commands .............................................. 17

D-1. SDI-12 Command and Response Set .............................................. D-1

D-2. Measurement and Send Data Commands and Values Returned .... D-3

E-1. RS-232 Settings ............................................................................... E-1

E-2. RS-232 Terminal Commands ........................................................... E-2

CRBasic Examples

B-1. Example Program for CR200(X)-Series Datalogger ........................ B-1

B-2. Example Program for CR1000 Datalogger ...................................... B-2

Table of Contents

iii

Table of Contents

iv

NOTE

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure
Transducer

1. Introduction

The CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer provides pressure and
temperature measurements. It uses the SDI-12 or RS-232 communications
protocols to communicate with an SDI-12 or RS-232 recorder simplifying
installation and programming. The CS450/CS455 can be used with an A150
desiccated case allowing the transducer to be connected to a CWS900 wireless
sensor or prewired enclosure.

This manual provides information only for CRBasic dataloggers.
It is also compatible with most of our retired Ed log dataloggers.
For Edlog datalogger support, see an older manual at

www.campbellsci.com/old-manuals or contact a Campbell

Scientific application engineer for assistance.

2. Precautions

• READ AND UNDERSTAND the Safety section at t he fro nt of this

manual.

• Sensor will be damaged if it is encased in frozen liquid.

• Although the CS451/CS456 is rugged, it is also a highly pre c ise scientific

instrument and should be handled as such. There are no user-serviceable
parts and any attempt to disassemble the device will void the warranty.

• Dropping the instrument or allowing it to “ free fall ” down a well may

damage the transducer.

• Never suspend the CS451/CS456 from the connections at the top end of

the cable. Sharp bends or excessive pinching of the cable can cause
damage and may pinch off the vent tube causing measurement errors.

• Confirm the compatibility of the sensor and cable to non-water

environments before installation.

• The CS456 instead of the CS451 should be used in harsh water

applications, including salt wa te r.

3. Initial Inspection

• Upon receipt of the CS451/CS456, inspect the packaging for any signs of

shipping damage and, if found, report the damage to the carrier in
accordance with policy. The contents of the package should also be
inspected and a claim filed if any shipping related damage is discovered.

1

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

• The model number and pressure range is etched on the housing and the

cable length is printed on the label near the connection end of the cable.
Check this information against the shipping documentation to ensure that
the expected product was received.

• Ensure that the desiccant tube is attached to the vent tube on the cable. The

desiccant should be blue; repla c e if it is another color.

4. QuickStart

Short Cut is an easy way to program your datalogger to measure the sensor and
assign datal ogger wiring terminals. Short Cut is available as a download on

www.campbellsci.com and the ResourceDVD. It is included in installa tions of

LoggerNet, PC200W, PC400, or RTDAQ.

The following procedure shows using Short Cut to program the CS451/CS456.

1. Open Short Cut and select New Program.

2

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

2. Select Datalogger Model and Scan Interv al (60 second or higher scan

interval is recommended). Click Next.

3. Under the Available Sensors and Devices list, select the Sensors | Water

| Level & Flow folder. Select CS450/CS455 Pressure Transducer, click

to move the selection to the Selected device window. Water level

defaults to feet and temperature defaults to degrees Celsius. These can be
changed by clicking the Water Level or Temperature box and selecting a
different option. Typically, the default SDI-12 address of 0 is used.

3

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

4. Under the Available Sensors and Devices list, select the Sensors | Water

| Level & Flow folder. Select Offset Calculation, click to move the
selection to the Selected device window, then select Lvl_ft for t h e Linked
Level and enter the initial water level in the Observed Level Reading

box.

5. After selecting the sensor and offset calculation, click Wiring Diagram to

see how the sensor is to be wired to the datalogger. The wiring diagram
can be printed now or after more sensors are added.

4

5. Overview

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

6. Se l ect any other sensors you have, the n finish the remaining Short Cut

steps to complete the program . The remaining steps are outlined in Short

Cut Help, which is accessed by clicking on Help | Contents |
Programming Steps.

7. If LoggerNet, PC400, or PC200W is running on your PC, and the PC to

datalogger connection is active, you can click Finish in Short Cut and you
will be prompted to send the program just created to the datalogger.

8. If the sensor is connected to the datalogger, as shown in the wir ing

diagram in step 5, check the output of the sensor in the datalogger support
software data display to make sure it is making reasonable measurements.

The CS451/CS456 pressure transducer provides a reliable, accurate
pressure/level measurement that is fully temperature compensated. Its 24 bit
A/D has simultaneous 50/60 Hz rejection and automatic calibration for each
measurement.

A number of additional advanced measurement techniques are employed to
harness the best possible performance available from today’s state-of-the-art
pressure transducer technology. The transducer reverts to a low power sleep
state between measurements. A series of measurements are performed yielding
a temperature and pressure value. This measurement cycle takes less than 1.5
second. The transducer can also be configured to output pressure only in less
than 1 second. The measurement cycle is activated using SDI-12 or RS-232
commands.

The transducer consists of a piezoresistive sensor housed in a 316L stainless­steel (CS451) or titanium (CS45 6) package to enhance reliability. The rugged
construction makes the CS451/CS456 suitable for water level measurement in
irrigation applications, water wells, la kes, streams, and tanks. T he titanium
package of the CS456 makes it ideal for salt water or other harsh environme nts.
The cable incorporates a vent tube to compensate for atmospheric pressure
fluctuations and the jacket is made of rugged Hytrel®, designed to remain
flexible and tough, even under harsh environmental conditions.

The CS451/CS456 has two communication options: SDI-12 or RS-232. The
CS451/CS456 is shipped from the factory with both communications options
enabled; there is no configuration required. As an SDI-12 sensor, the
CS451/CS456 is shipped with an address of 0.

Two values are output by the CS451/CS456—pressure/level and temperature.
The CS451/CS456 is shipped from the factory to output pressure in psig and
temperature in degrees Celsius.

The CS451/CS456 has three nose cone options. FIGURE 5-1 shows the nose
cone options. The weighted nose cone makes the transducer easier to submerge
to depth. The 1/4 inch NPT nose cone allows the transducer to be used in
closed-pipe applications. Nose cones can be switched out later.

The –L in the transducer’s model name indicates user-specified cable length.

5

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

Weighted Nose Cone

Standard Nose Cone

1/4 inch NPT Nose Cone

FIGURE 5-1. CS451 nose cone options

6. Specifications

Features:

• Output acceptable for recording devices with SDI-12 or RS-232

capability including Campbell Sc ie ntific dataloggers

• Quality construction that ensures p roduct reliability

• Rugged stainless steel or titanium case that protects piezoresistive

sensor

• Fully temperature compensated

• Low power sleep state between measurements that reduces power

consumption

• Weighted nose cone offered that adds 0.2 kg (7.4 oz) to the

transducer’s weight. Additional weight makes submersion of the

transducer easier

• Compatible with Campbell Scientific CRBasic dataloggers: CR6,

CR200(X) series, CR800 series, CR1000, CR3000, and CR5000

6

Power Requirements: 5 to 18 Vdc
Power Consumption: Quiescent current < 50 µA

Measurement/Communication Current: 8 mA

for 1-s measurement

Maximum Peak Current: 40 mA

Measurement Time: Less than 1. 5 s
Outputs: SDI-12 (version 1.3) 1200 bps

RS-232 9600 bps

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

Pressure (psig)

Pressure (kPa)

Depth of fresh water

0 to 2.9

0 to 20

0 to 2 m (6.7 ft)

0 to 14.5

0 to 100

0 to 10.2 m (33.4 ft)

0 to 29

0 to 200

0 to 20.4 m (67 ft)

0 to 145

0 to 1000

0 to 102 m (334.5 ft)

CAUTION

Measurement Ranges:

0 to 7.25 0 to 50 0 to 5.1 m (16.7 ft)

0 to 72.5 0 to 500 0 to 50.9 m (167 ft)

Accuracy: ±0.1% full scale range TEB* or
±0.05% full scale range TEB**

Resolution: 0.0035% full scale range

Overpressure: 2x pressure range

Dry Storage Temperature: –10 to 80 °C

Sensor will be damaged if it is encased in frozen liquid.

Operating Temperature: 0 to 60 °C
Temperature Accuracy: ±0.2 °C
Maximum Cable Length:

SDI-12 (one transducer
connected to a single port): ~475 m (1500 ft)
SDI-12 (10 transducers
connected to a single port): 60 m (200 ft)
RS-232: 60 m (200 ft)

Cable Type: 5 Conductor, 26 AWG

Hytrel Jacket
Body Material: CS451 – 316L Stainless Steel

CS456 – Titanium
Element Material: CS451 – 316L Stainless Steel

CS456 – Hastelloy

Top Cone Material: Delrin
Length: 213.36 mm (6.875 in)
Diameter: 21.34 mm (0.84 in)
Distance from pressure sensor interface

(black line etched on hous i ng) to:

End of NPT fitting: 2.54 cm (1 in)
End of standard nose cone: 2.3 cm (0.9 in)
End of weighted nose cone: 9.9 cm (3.9 in)

7

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

CAUTION

Air Gap
Standard and weighted
nose cone: 0.653 cm (0.257 in)
NPT fitting: 2.72 cm (1.07 in)

Weight: CS451: 0.17 kg (0.37 lb)

CS456: 0.10 kg (0.23 lb)
Cable: 0.421 kg/m (0.283 lb/ft)

25431 Split Mesh Grip
Accepts cable diameter: 4.57 to 6.35 mm (0.18 to 0.25 in)

Breaking Strength: (~300 lb)

*Total Error Band (TEB) includes the combined errors due to nonlinearity,
hysteresis, nonrepeatability, and thermal effects over the compensated
temperature range, per ISA S51.1.

**0.05% full scale range accuracy not available in the 0 to 2.9 psig range.

7. Installation

If you are progra mmi ng yo ur da ta lo gger wit h Short Cut, skip Section 7.3,
Wiring
you. See Section 4, QuickStart

(p. 12), and Section 7.4, Programming (p. 13). Short Cut does this work for

(p. 2), for a Short Cut tutorial.

7.1 Installation Considerati ons

The CS451/CS456 is designed for water level measurements. Typical
applications include agricultural water level/flow, water wells, lakes, streams,
and tanks. If the de vice is to be installed in a liquid other than water or in
contaminated water, check the compatibility of the wetted material. The CS456
should be used in harsh water applications, including salt water.

7.1.1 Transducer Position

The CS451/CS456 can be installed in any position; however, when it leaves the
factory it is tested in the vertical position. There will be an offset error if not
installed vertically; contact Ca mpbell Scientific for more information.

7.1.2 Vent Tube

A vent tube incorporated in the cable vents the sensor diaphragm to the
atmosphere. This eliminates the need to compensate for changes in barometric
pressure. To prevent water vapor from entering the inner cavity of t he sensor,
the vent tub e opening terminates inside a desiccant tube.

The desiccant tube is shi pp ed wit h a b lack cap to cover the
vent hole. This cap MUST be removed prior to installation.

Before installing the sensor, ensure the desiccant is blue ; replace if not.

8

The desiccant tube must always be attached to the CS451/CS456.

7.1.3 Appropriate Water Depth

CAUTION

CAUTION
CAUTION

CAUTION

The CS451/CS456 must be installed below the water at a fixed depth. This
depth should be chosen so the water pressure will never exceed the
transducer’s pressure range (twice its pressure range).

The output reading will not be correct, and th e transducer
can be damaged if pressure is excessive (2 x full scale).

Pressure can be converted to feet of fresh water using the following simple
equation:

1 psi = 2.31 feet of water

For example, the maximum depth with a pressure range of 0 to 7.25 psig is

16.748 feet of water.

7.1.4 Dislodging Bubbles

While submersing the transducer, air bubbles may become trapped between the
pressure plate and the water surface, causing small offset errors until the
bubbles dissolve. Dislodge these bubbles by gently shaking the CS451/CS456
while under water.

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

If bubbles are not removed by rotation and shaking
underwater (or blee din g out the air in a closed system), the
CS451/CS456 reading w ill drift low er by the dista nce o f the
gap as the bubbles are slowly dissolved into the water over
time.

Hitting against the well casing or other so lid surface could
damage the transducer.

7.2 Installation Procedure

7.2.1 Lower to depth

Lower the transducer to an appropriate depth.

Do not drop the ins trument or allow it to “free fall” down a
well as this may damage the sensor.

With long drops, it may be necessary to use the weighted nose cone
(option -WN).

7.2.2 Secure the Transducer

7.2.2.1 Tie Wrap/Tape

The transducer body can be strapped with tie wraps or tape. Campbell
Scientific offers cable ties (pn 7421) that can be used to secure and strain relief
the cable. If installing in a well, fasten the cable to the well head. Wrap the
cable ties around the cable jacket.

9

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

CAUTION

Never suspend the CS4 51/CS456 from the connec tions at
the top of the cable. Sharp bends or excessive pinc hing of
the cable can cause dam age and may pinch off the vent
tube causing measurement errors.

7.2.2.2 Split Mesh Cable Grip

The 25431 Split Mesh Cable Grip can be used to center the cable and to
provide a method of suspending the cable-reducing cable stretch. It is often
recommended for use in wells. FIGURE 7-1 shows a transducer’s cable
suspended using the split mesh cable grip.

FIGURE 7-1. Transducer suspended with split mesh cable grip

7.2.2.3 Heyco Cable Grip

To prote ct your transducer during deployment , Campbell Scientific offers the
31648 Heyco cable grip (FIGURE 7-2) to clamp the transducer to the
submerged end of a 1-inch PVC pip e (FIGURE 7-3). The PVC pipe will help
protect the sensor and cable from debris and disturbances while also providing
a more secure means of anchoring the sensor to minimize movement. The
31648 Heyco fitting is not meant to be water tight and water will likely fill the
submerged pipe behind the fitting. A 1-inch female adapter socket with FPT
threads is needed between the 31648 and 1-inch PVC pipe. This adapter socket
is available at any store that sells PVC p ipe.

10

FIGURE 7-2. 31648 Heyco Cable Grip

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

FIGURE 7-3. Transducer mounted in PVC pipe using the 31648 Heyco

cable grip

7.2.3 Measure the Initial Elevation

Use a staff gauge (or other device) to measure the initial elevation of water.
This value is used to calculate an offset that corrects the final measurement for
errors due to zero offset or installation. SCWin will make the offset calculation.
Refer to Section 7.2.4, Offset Calculation
the offset.

After installation, sever al readings should be taken to ensure proper operations
after installation.

7.2.4 Offset Calculation

The pressure created is directly proportional to the water column above the
sensor. An offset is used to correct the final measurement to any error due to
sensor zero offset or installation.

For example, if the correct elevation of the water, as measured by a staff gauge
or other measurement device, is 2015.50 feet, and the CS451 provides a
reading of 5.76 psig, then:

5.76 psig • 2.31 ft/psig = 13.3056 ft.

So, the offset is calculated:

2015.50 ft – 13.3056 ft = 2002.1944 ft

(p. 11), if not using SCWin to calculate

This offset can be accounted for in the program instruction of the SDI-12
recorder.

11

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

TABLE 7-1. SDI-12 Wiring

TABLE 7-2. RS-232 Wiring

NOTE

7.3 Wiring

Power down your system before wiring the CS451/CS456. The
shield wire plays an important role in noise emissions and
susceptibility as well as transient pr otection.

7.3.1 SDI-12 Datalogger Connections

Color

Red +12 Vdc 12 V Battery+ 12 V 12 V
Black Power Ground G G G G
White SDI-12 Signal

Blue GND G G G G

Yellow GND G G G G

Clear Shield G G G G

7.3.2 RS-232 Connections

Color

Red +12vdc Power Source

Black Power Ground Power Ground

White RS-232 Tx (Output) Transmit Pin 2 Rx (Inp ut )

CS451/CS456

Function

CS451/CS456

Function

CR800
CR3000
CR1000

*C

CR200(X)

Series

C1/SDI-12 C or U SDI-12

Connection

CR6

CR5000

RS-232 9-pin

12

7.3.3 A150/CWS900

The A150 desiccated case allows the CS451/CS456 to be connected to the
CWS900 wireless sensor and then used in a wireless network. FIGURE 7-4
shows the CS451 wired to the A150’s terminal block. The 26972 cable is
included with the A150.

Blue RS-232 Rx (Input) Receive P in 3 Tx (Output)

Yellow Digital Gr ound Ground Pin 5 GND

Clear Shield GND Ground

FIGURE 7-4. A150 wired for CS451 pressure sensor and CWS900

NOTE

7.4 Programming

Short Cut is the best source for up-to-date datalogger programming code.
Programming code is needed when:

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

connector

• Creating a program for a new datalogger installation

• Adding sensors to an existing datalogger program

If your data acquisition requirements are simple, you can probably create and
maintain a datalogger program exclusively with Short Cut. If your data
acquisition needs are more complex, the files that Short Cut creates are a great
source for programming code to start a new program or add to an existing
custom program.

Short Cut cannot edit programs after they are imported and edited
in CRBasic Editor.

A Short Cut tutorial is available in Section 4, QuickStart (p. 2). If you wish to
import Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor to create or add to a customized
program, follow the procedure in Appendix A, Importing Short Cut Code into
CRBasic Editor

(p. A-1). Programming basics for CRBasic dataloggers are

provided in the following sections. Complete program examples for select
CRBasic dataloggers can be found in Appendix B, Example Programs

(p. B-1).

Programming basics and programming examples for Edlog dataloggers are
provided at www.campbellsci.com\old-manuals.

The SDI12Recorder() measurement instruction programs CRBasic
dataloggers (CR6, CR200(X)-series, CR800-series, CR1000, CR3000, and
CR5000) to measure the CS451/CS456 sensor. This instruction sends a reques t
to the sensor to make a measurement and then retrieves the measurement from
the sensor. See Section 8.2, SDI-12 Commands

(p. 16), for more information.

When using a CR200(X), the SDI12Recorder() ins truction has the following
syntax:

SDI12Recorder(Destination, OutString, Multiplier, Offset)

13

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

TABLE 8-1. Factory Settings

NOTE

For the other CRBasic dataloggers, the SDI12Recorder() instruction has the
following syntax:

SDI12Recorder(Destination, SDIPort, SDIAddress, “SDICommand”,

Multiplier, Offset)

8. Operation

8.1 Configuration

TABLE 8-1 shows default settings of the CS451/CS456.

SDI-12 Address 0

RS-232 Baud Rate 9600

Pressure/Level Units psig

Temperature Units Celsius

Communicating with the CS451/CS456 requires the sensor to be either
connected to a PC or to an SDI-12 recorder. The sensor typically connects to a
PC via the A200 sensor to PC interface. Many SDI-12 recorders allow
communication to the sensor via a terminal screen. Configurable settings can
be changed via SDI-12 commands or by using Campbell Scientific’s software
Device Configuration Utility (DevConfig).

8.1.1 PC Connection Using the A200

The A200 or another device is required to connect the CS451/CS456 to a PC.
This allows sensor settings to be changed via DevConfig.

8.1.1.1 Driver Installation

If the A200 has not been previously plugged into your PC and your PC
operating system is not Windows 7, the A200 driver needs to be loaded onto
your PC.

Drivers should be loaded before plugging the A200 into the PC.

The A200 drivers can be downloaded, at no charge, from:

www.campbellsci.com/downloads.

8.1.1.2 A200 Wiring

One end of the A200 has a terminal block while the other end has a type B
female USB port. The terminal block provides 12 V, G, TX, and RX terminals
for connecting the sensor (see FIGURE 8-1 and TABLE 8-2). A data cable (pn

17648) ships with the A200. This cable has a USB type-A male connector that
attaches to a PC’s USB port, and a type B male connector that attaches to the
A200’s USB port.

14

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

TABLE 8-2. A200 Wiring

FIGURE 8-1. A200 Sensor-to-PC Interface

Color

Red 12V +12Vdc
Black G G
White C Tx

Blue G Rx

Yellow G G

Clear Signal Ground G

8.1.1.3 Powering the Sensor

The A200 provides power to the sensor when it is connected to a PC’s USB
port. An internal DC/DC converter boosts the 5 Vdc supply from the USB
connection to a 12 Vdc output is required to power the sensor.

8.1.1.4 Determining which COM Port the A200 has been Assigned

When the A200 driver is loaded, the A200 is assigned a COM port number.
This COM port number is needed when using DevConfig or a PC terminal
software such as HyperTerminal.

Often, the assigned COM port will be the next port number that is free.
However, if other devices have been installed in the past (some of which may
no longer be plugged in), the A200 may be assigned a higher COM port
number.

Sensor

Cable Label

A200

Terminal

To check which COM port has been assigned to the A200, watch for the
appearance of a new COM port in the list of COM ports offered in the software
package (e.g., LoggerNet) before and a fter the installation, or look in the
Windows Device Manager list under the ports section (access via the control
panel).

15

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

NOTE

8.1.2 Device Configuration Utility (version 2.03 or higher)

The Device Configu ration Utility (DevConfig) allows you to change the
settings of the CS451/CS456. DevConfig is shipped on the Campbell Scientific
ResourceDVD included with the CS451/CS456.

To use DevConfig, the transducer needs to be connected to the PC via the A200
(see Section 8.1.1, PC Connection Using the A200
DevConfig and connecting the transducer to the PC, select CS451 from the
Device Type list on the left co lumn of the screen.

In the PC Serial Port box, select the CO M port that was assigned to the A200
(see Section 8.1.1.4, Determining which COM Port the A200 has been
Assigned
the sensor. Once successfully connected, the screen should look like FIGURE

8-2.

(p. 15)). Click on the Connect button to enable communication wit h

(p. 14)). After installing

16

FIGURE 8-2. Connect screen

There are three settings that can be changed: SDI-12 address, Pressure/Level
Units, and Temperature Units. Double-click on the window of the uni ts to be
changed. This will open a pick menu box. Select the desired units and Apply
the changes.

8.2 SDI-12 Commands

This section briefly describes using the SDI-12 commands.
Additional SDI-12 information is available at Appendix D, SDI-

12 Sensor Support

www.youtube.com/user/CampbellScientific

(p. D-1), www.sdi-12.org, or

.

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

TABLE 8-3. Start Measurement SDI-12 Commands

The CS451/CS456 uses an SDI-12 compatible hardware interface and supports
a subset of the SDI-12 commands. The most commonly used command is the
aM! command, issued by the datalogger, where a represents the sensor
address. The communication sequence begins with the datalogger waking the
sensor and is suing the aM! command. The transducer responds to the
datalogger indicating that two measurements will be ready within two seconds.
Subsequent communications handle data reporting from the sensor to the
datalogger.

The SDI-12 protocol has the ability to support various measurement
commands. The CS451/CS456 supports the commands that ar e listed in
TABLE 8-3.

SDI-12 Command Command Funct ion Values Returned

aM! Configured settings Pressure/Level,

Temperature
aM1!
aM2!
aM3!
aM4!
aM5! Sensor’s Serial

aM6!

aM7! Configured settings

aM8! Configured settings

As measurement data is transferred between the probe and datalogger digitally,
there are no offset errors incurred with increasing cable length as seen with
analog sensors. However, with increasing cable length, there is still a point
when digital communications break down, resulting in either no response or
excessive SDI-12 retries and incorrect data due to noise problems. (Using SDI­12 commands like aMC!, which adds a CRC check, can significantly improve
incorrect data issues.)

PSIG, °C
PSIG, °F
kPa, °C
kPa, °F

Number
Ohms, ohms, °C

(provides data in less
than 0.8 seconds)

(provides average of
data based on user
selected samples)

Pressure, Temperature

Pressure, Temperature

Pressure, Temperature

Pressure, Temperature

Serial Number

∆R, Rb, Temperature (°C),

IN – DAC counts si ngle-

ended measurement,

IN+ DAC counts single-

ended measurement,

OUT DAC counts

differential measurement

Pressure/Level

Pressure/Level,

Temperature

8.3 Measuring Multiple SDI-12 Sensors

Up to ten CS451/CS456 sensors or other SDI-12 sensors can be connected to a
single datalogger control port. Each SDI-12 device must have a unique SDI-12

17

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

address of 0 and 9, A to Z, or a to z. See Appendix D, SDI-12 Sensor Support

(p. D-1), for more information.

9. Maintenance

Campbell Scientific recommends that the CS451/CS456 be factory recalibrated
and checked every 24 months. Before a CS451/CS456 sensor is sent to
Campbell Scientific, the customer must get an RMA (returned material
authorization) number, and fill out the Declaration of Hazardous Material and
Decontamination form.

The CS451/CS456 has no user-serviceable parts. Cable can be damaged by
abrasion, rodents, sharp objects, twisting, crimping or crushing, and pulling.
Take care during installation and use to avoid cable damage. If a section of
cable is damaged, it is recommended that you send your sensor back to replace
the bale harness assembly.

Periodic evaluation of the desiccant is vital for keeping the vent tube dry. The
CS451/CS456 ships with the desiccant tube attached. To assess the
effectiveness of the desiccant, use one of the following:

• The desiccant in the tube changes color from blue to pink when the

drying power is lost.

• The Enclosure Accessory Humidity Indicator Card (pn 28878).

9.1 Every Visit

• Collect data.

• Visually inspect wiring and physical conditions.

• Check indicating desiccant or enclosure humidity indicator; service if

necessary.

• Check battery condition (inspect physical appearance and use a keyboard

display, PDA, or laptop to view the battery voltage).

• Check all se ns or readings; adjust transducer offsets if necessary.

• Check recent data.

9.2 Every Two to Three Years or on a Rotating Schedule

• Send the CS451/CS456 in for inspection.

18

10. Troubleshooting

The most common causes for erroneous pressure transducer data include:

• poor sensor connections to the datalogger

• damaged cables

• damaged transducers

• moisture in the vent tube

Problem:

Unit will not respond when attempting serial communications.

Suggestion:

Check the power (red is +V and black is ground) and s ignal (white is SDI-12
data) lines to ensure proper connection to the datalogger. Check the datalogger
program to ensure that the same port the SDI-12 data line is connected to is
specified in the measurement instruction.

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

Problem:

Transducer appears to be operating properly but data shows a periodic or cyclic
fluctuation not attributable to water level changes.

Suggestion:

A kinked or plugged vent tube will not effective ly vent a gauge pressure
(Vented) type of device. Normal changes in barometric pressure will appear as
water level fluctuations and these types of errors are typically on the order of 1
foot of water level. If the desiccant chamber has not been properly maintained,
water may have condensed in the vent tube and the device should be returned
to the factory for service.

19

CS451/CS456 Submersible Pressure Transducer

20

NOTE

Appendix A. Importing Short Cut Code into CRBasic Editor

This tutorial shows:

• How to import a Short Cut program into a program editor for

additional refinement

• How to import a wiring diagram from Short Cut into the comments of

a custom pro gram

Short Cut creates files, which can be imported into CRBasic Editor. Assuming
defaults were used when Short Cut was installed, these files reside in the
C:\campbellsci\SCWin folder:

• .DEF (wiring and memory usage information)

• .CR6 (CR6 datalogger code)

• .CR1 (CR1000 datalogger code)

• .CR8 (CR800 datalogger code)

• .CR3 (CR3000 datalogger code)

• .CR5 (CR5000 datalogger code)

• .CR2 (CR200(X) datalogger code)

Use the following procedure to import Short Cut code and wiring diagram into
CRBasic Editor.

1. Create the Short Cut program following the procedure in Section 4,
QuickStart

file name used when saving the Short Cut program.

2. Open CRBasic Editor.

3. Click File | Open. Assuming the default paths were used when Short Cut
was installed, navigate to C:\CampbellSci\SCWin fold er. The file o f
interest has the . CR6, .CR1, .CR8, .CR3, .CR5, or .CR2 extension. Select
the file and click Open.

4. Immediately save the file in a folder different from
C:\Campbellsci\SCWin, or save the file with a different file name.

Once the file is edited with CRBasic Editor, Short Cut can no
longer be used to ed it the dat alogger p rogr am. Chan ge the na me
of the program file or move it, or Short Cut may overwrite it next
time it is used.

5. The program can now be edited, saved, and sent to the datalogger.

6. Import wiring information to the program by opening the associated .DEF
file. Copy and paste the section beginning with heading “-Wiring for
CRXXX–” into the CRBasic program, usually at the head of the file. After
pasting, edit the information such that an apostrophe (') begins each line.
This character instructs the datalogger compiler to ignore the line when
compiling.

(p. 2). Finish the program and exi t Short Cut. Make note of the

A-1

Appendix A. Importing Short Cut Code into CRBasic Editor

A-2

CRBasic Exampl e B-1. Example Program for CR200(X)-Series Datalogger

'CR200(X) Series

EndProg

Appendix B. Example Programs

B.1 CRBasic Programs

B.1.1 Example Program for CR200(X) -S eries Da t al ogger

'Declare the variable for the water level measurement

Public CS451(2)

'Rename the variable names

Alias CS451(1)=Level
Alias CS451(2)=Temp_C

'Define a data table for 60 minute maximum and minimums

DataTable(Hourly,True,-1)

DataInterval(0,60,Min)
Maximum(1,Level,0,0)
Minimum(1,Level,0,0)
Maximum(1,Temp_C,0,0)
Minimum(1,Temp_C,0,0)

EndTable

'Read sensor every 60 seconds

BeginProg

Scan(60,sec)

'Code for SDI-12 measurements:

SDI12Recorder(CS451,0M!,1,0)

'Call the data table:

CallTable(Hourly)

NextScan

B-1

Appendix B. Example Programs

CRBasic Exampl e B-2. Example Program for CR1000 Datalogger

EndProg

B.1.2 Example Program for CR1000 Dat alogger

'CR1000 Series Datalogger

'Declare the variable for the water level measurement

Public CS451(2)

'Rename the variable names

Alias CS451(1)=Level
Alias CS451(2)=Temp_C

'Define a data table for 60 minute maximum and minimums

DataTable(Hourly,True,-1)

DataInterval(0,60,Min,10)
Maximum(1,Level,FP2,0,0)
Minimum(1,Level,FP2,0,0)
Maximum(1,Temp_C,FP2,0,0)
Minimum(1,Temp_C,FP2,0,0)

EndTable

'Read sensor every 60 seconds

BeginProg

Scan(60,sec,1,0)

'Code for SDI-12 measurements:

SDI12Recorder(CS451,1,”0”,”M!”,1,0)

'Call the data table:

CallTable(Hourly)

NextScan

B-2

Appendix C. Calibration Certificate

Each CS451/CS456 has been calibrated to meet printed accuracy specification
at multiple temperature and pressure ranges. If additional verification is
required, a Calibration Certificate can be purchased for each CS451/CS456
Submersible Pressure Transducer. The calibration is done using NIST­traceable instruments.

The Instrument Data Report provides a list of the pressure and temperature at
which the senso r was tested.

Pressure [kPa] is the pressure applied (listed in kilopascals) to the sensor.
Temperature [°C] is the temperature inside the test chamber at the time of
testing. Pressure After [kPa] represents the resulting measurement output by
the CS451/CS456 at the give pressure and temperature. Finally, Deviation
After [%F.S.], provides the difference between the actual pressure applied to
the sensor a nd the pressure measurement output by the sensor . This value is
listed as a percentage of the full scale range of the s ensor.

When a CS451/CS456 is returned to Campbell Scientific for calibration, the
sensor will be returned with an Instr ument Data Report. This report will
include values in the Pressure Before [kPa] column. These values represent the
measured pressure the sensor returns at the specified pressure and temperature,
before calibration.

C-1

Appendix C. Calibration Certificate

C-2

TABLE D-1. SDI-12 C ommand and Response Set

Appendix D. SDI-12 Sensor Suppor t

D.1 SDI-12 Command Basics

SDI-12 commands have three components:

Sensor address (a) – a single character, and is the first character of the
command. The default address of zero (0) can be used unless multiple sensors
are connected to the same port.

Command body (e.g., M1) – an upper case letter (the “command”) followed by
alphanumeric qualifiers.

Command termination (!) – an exclamation mark.

An active sensor responds to each command. Responses have seve ral standard
forms and terminate with <CR><LF> (carriage return – line feed). Standard
SDI-12 commands supported by the CS451/CS456 are listed in TABLE D-1.
Appendix D.3, Advanced SDI-12 Commands
commands.

(p. D-5), provides advanced

Name Command Response

Acknowledge
Active

Send
Identification

Change
Address

Address
Query

Start
Measurement

Send Data aD0! a<values><CR><LF>
Start

Verification

a! a<CR><LF>

aI! allccccccccmmmmmmvvvxxx...xx<CR><LF

>

aAb! b<CR><LF>

?! a<CR><LF>

aM! atttn<CR><LF>

aV! atttn

D.1.1 Address Query Command (?!)

Command ?! requests the address of the connected sensor. The sensor replies
to the query with the address, a.

D.1.2 Change Address Comma nd ( aAb!)

Sensor address is changed with command aAb!, where a is the current address
and b is the new address. For example, to change an address from 0 to 2, the
com mand is 0A2!. The sensor responds with the new address b, which in this
case is 2.

D-1

Appendix D. SDI-12 Sensor Support

D.1.3 Send Identificati on Comma nd ( a I!)

Sensor identifiers are requested by issuing command aI!. The reply is defined
by the sensor manufacturer, but usually includes the sensor address, SDI-12
version, manu fa ct ur er ’s name, and sensor model information. Serial number or
other sensor specific information may also be included.

An example of a response from the aI! command i s :

013CSI451.Std.01_12345678

Where:

SDI-12 version = 1.3

Manufacturer = CSI

Sensor model = 451

Operating System = .Std 01

Sensor serial number = 12345678

D.1.4 Start Measurement Commands (aM!)

A measurement is initiated with M! commands. The response to each
command ha s the form atttnn, where

a = sensor address

ttt = time, in seconds, until measurement data are available

nn = the number of values to be returned when one or more subsequent D!

commands are issued.

D.1.5 Aborting a Meas urem e nt Comm a nd

A measurement command (M!) is aborted when any other valid command is
sent to the sensor.

D.1.6 Send Data Command (aDv!)

This command requests data from the sensor. It is normally issued
automatically by the datalogger after measurement commands aMv!. In
transparent mode, the user asserts this command to obtain data. If the expected
number of data values are not returned in response to an aD0! command, the
datalogger issues aD1!. TABLE D-2 shows the values re turned when using the
send data command.

D-2

Appendix D. SDI-12 Sensor Support

TABLE D-2. Measurement and Send Data Commands and

Values Returned

Start

Measurement

Command

aM! aD! Configured settings Pressure/Level,

aM1! aD1! psig, °C Pressure,

aM2! aD2! psig, °F Pressure,

aM3! aD3! kPa , °C Pressure,

aM4! aD4! kPa , °F Pressure,

aM5! aD5! Sensor’s serial number Serial Number
aM6! aD6! Ohms, ohms, °C

aM7! aD7! Configured settings

aM8! aD8! Configured settings

Send Data
Command

Units or Function

(provides data in less
than 0.8 s)

(provides average of
data based on user­selected samples)

Values

Returned

Temperature

Temperature

Temperature

Temperature

Temperature

∆R, Rb,
Temperature

Pressure/Level

Pressure/Level,
Temperature

D.2 SDI-12 Transparent Mod e

System operators can manually interrogate and enter set tings in probes using
transparent mode. Transparent mode is useful in tr oubleshooting SDI-12
systems because it allows dire c t c ommunication with probes. Datalogger
security may need to be unlocked before transparent mode can be activated.

Transparent mode is entered while the PC is in telecommunications with the
datalogger through a termina l emulator pro gram. It is easily accessed through
Campbell Scientific datalogge r support software, but is also accessible with
terminal emulator p rograms such as Windows HyperTerminal. Datalogger
keyboards and displays cannot be used.

The terminal emulator is accessed by navigating to the Datalogger menu in
PC200W, the Tools menu in PC400, or the Datalogge r menu in the Connect
screen of LoggerNet.

The following examples show how to use LoggerNet software to enter
transparent mode and change the SDI-12 address of a CS451/CS456 sensor.
The same steps are used to enter transparent mode with PC200W and PC400
software after accessing the terminal emulator as previously described.

D-3

Appendix D. SDI-12 Sensor Support

D.2.1 CR200(X) Series Datalogger Example

1. Connect a single CS451/CS456 to the CR200(X) (see TABLE 7-1).

2. In the LoggerNet Connect screen navigate to the Datalogger menu and

3. Cli ck on the Open Terminal button.

4. Press the <enter> key until the datalogger responds with the CR2XX>

5. To query the CS451/CS456 for its current SDI-12 address, key in ?!

6. To change the SDI-12 address, key in aAb! <enter>, where a is the current

select Terminal Emulator. The terminal emulator window will open. In
the Select Device menu, located in the lower lef t-hand side of the window,
select the CR200Series station.

prompt. At the CR2XX> prompt, make sure the All Caps Mode box is
checked and enter the command SDI12 <enter>. The response SDI12>
indicates that the CS451/CS456 is ready to accept SDI-12 commands.

<enter> and the CS451/CS456 will respond with its SDI-12 address. If no
characters are typed within 60 seconds, then the mode is exited. In that
case, simply enter the command SDI12 again and press <enter>.

address from the above step and b is the new address (see FIGURE D-1).
The CS451/CS456 will change its address and the datalogge r will respond
with the new address. To exit SDI-12 transparent mode select the Close
Terminal button.

D-4

FIGURE D-1. CR200(X) example of using the SDI-12 transparent

mode to change the SDI-12 address from 0 to 1.

D.2.2 CR1000 Datalogger Example

1. Connect a CS451/CS456 to the CR1000 (see TABLE 7-1).

2. In the LoggerNet Connect screen, navigate to the Datalogger menu and

select Terminal Emulator. The terminal emulator window will open. In
the Select Device menu, located in the lower left-hand side of the window,
select the CR1000 station.

3. Click on the Open Terminal button.

Appendix D. SDI-12 Sensor Support

4. Press the <enter> key until the datalogger responds with the CR1000>
prompt. At the CR1000> prompt, make sure the All Caps Mode box is
checked and enter the command SDI12 <enter>. At the Enter Cx Port 1, 3,
5, or 7 prompt, key in the control port number where the CS451/CS456 is
connected and press <enter>. The response Entering SDI12 Ter m i nal
indicates that the CS451/CS456 is ready to accept SDI-12 commands.

5. To query the CS451/CS456 for its current SDI-12 address, key in ?!
<enter> and the CS451/CS456 will respond with its SDI-12 address. If no
characters are typed within 60 seconds, then the mode is exited. In that
case, simply enter the command SDI12 again, press <enter>, and key in
the correct control port number when prompted.

6. To change the SDI-12 address, key in aAb! <enter>, where a is the current
address from the above step and b is the new address (see FIGURE D-2).
The CS451/CS456 will change its address and the datalogge r will respond
with the new address. To exit SDI-12 transparent mode, select the Close
Terminal button.

FIGURE D-2. CR1000 example of using the SDI-12 transparent mode

to change the SDI-12 address from 3 to 1. Sensor is connected to
control port 1.

D.3 Advanced SDI-12 Commands

Extended SDI-12 commands can be used to configure the CS451/CS456 data
output and sample number. To query the sensor for the configuration, use the
aV! command followed by the aD! command.

The aV! returns four values:

1. T emperature configuration where 0 = degrees C and 1 = degrees F

2. Pressure Configuration where 0=PSIg, 1= kPa, 2=bar, 3=Feet,

4=meter, 5=Inch and 6=MilliMeter

3. Multiplier

D-5

Appendix D. SDI-12 Sensor Support

The extended commands are used to select the temperature units (Celsius or
Fahrenheit), pressure/level units (psig, kPa, bar, feet, meter, inches, or
millimeter), and the integration time for each measurement. If level units are
selected, they will represent level of fresh water. The multiplier (slope) and
offset should be used to correct for relative density of water.

Sample number represents the number of values used to provide the output
value received by the datalogger. This output value is an average of the
samples.

The extended SDI-12 command used to configure output units is
aXCONFIG1=tt,pp,mmm.mm,ooo.oo! where a = the SDI-12 address of the
sensor, tt = temperature units, pp = measurement unit, mmm.mm = multiplier
(slope), and ooo.oo = offset.

Valid entries for tt (temperature ) are:

0 = Celsius
1 = Fahrenheit

4. Offset Need to correct Appendix D.1.3, Send Identification Comm and

(aI!)

(p. D-2), Returned string: 013CampbellCS45X 001SN=12345678

Where: SDI-12 version = 1.3 Manufacturer = Campbell Sensor model
= CS45X Operating System = 001 Sensor serial number = 12345678

and valid entries for pp (pressure/level) are:

0 = psig
1 = kPa
2 = bar
3 = feet
4 = meter
5 = inch
6 = millimeter

Only SDI-12 instruction aM!, aM7!, and aM8! output the results obtained
when using the multiplier and offset. The multiplier and offset are only applied
to the pressure/level value, not to the temperature.

The extended SDI-12 command used to configure sample number is
aXCONFIG2=nnn!, where nnn is the number of samples that will be
measured to obtain the final output value, which is an average of the samples
taken. This value only applies to the aM8! command. The integration time is a
result of the number of samples selected. This value can be derived by adding 2
s to the number of samples. For example, if nnn = 50, then 50 samples would
be averaged. The integration time for this process is 50 plus 2, or 52 s.

D-6

TABLE E-1. RS-232 Settings

NOTE

Appendix E. RS-232 Connection Via PC Terminal Software

PC terminal software can be used to communicate with the CS451/CS456 via
the RS-232 communication mode (see FIGURE E-1).

The CS451/CS456 is connected to the PC via the A200 (see Section 8.1.1, PC
Connection Using the A200

Upon setup, the terminal emulator software will request you enter the
Communication connection; defaults to a phone connection. Change the
communication to appropriate “Com” in the “Connect Using” box (see
Section 8.1.1.4, Determining which COM Port the A200 has been Assigned

15)

, to determine the COM port that was assigned to the A200). The software
will then prompt for the proper “Port Settings”. TABLE E-1 shows the RS-
232 settings.

(p. 14)).

(p.

Bits per Second 9600

Data bits 8

Parity None

Stop bits 1

Flow control None

You will now be able to communica te with the CS451/CS456. At the prompt,
push the <Enter> key several times. This will wake-up the RS-232 mode of the
sensor. TABLE E-2 shows the RS-232 co mmands that can be entered once it is
in the RS-232 mode.

By default, the CS451/CS456 is in the SDI-12 mode for
communication. Once in the RS-232 mode, if there is no
communication for 20 s, the sensor will return to the SDI-12
mode.

E-1

Appendix E. RS-232 Con n ec tion Via PC Termin al Sof twar e

TABLE E-2. RS-232 Terminal Commands

FIGURE E-1. Terminal Emulator

Terminal

Commands

1 Serial Number, Pressure/Level, Temperature (in configured

units)
2
3

5 Copyright information, OS Version and Date, Se rial Number,

H or h Help menu

Serial Number, Pressure (kPa), Temperature (°C)

Serial Number, ∆R(ohms), Rb(ohms), Temperature (°C),

Element Serial Number, Pro duct Name

Element Serial Number, Product Name, User Defined Name

(Station Name), SDI-12 Address

Values Returned

E-2

Campbell Scientific Companies

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

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Suan Luang Subdistrict, Suan Luang District

Bangkok 10250

THAILAND

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PO Box 8108

Garbutt Post Shop QLD 4814

AUSTRALIA

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8B16, Floor 8 Tower B, Hanwei Plaza

7 Guanghua Road

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CEP: 01258-00 ─ São Paulo ─ SP

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Please visit www.campbellsci.com to obtain contact information for your local US or international representative.

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