CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
Read the Selected Operating Details and Cautionary Notes at the front of the Manual before using the
CR23X.
The CR23X Micrologger combines precision measurement with processing and control capability in a
single battery operated system.
Campbell Scientific, Inc. provides three documents to aid in understanding and operating the CR23X:
1. This Overview
2. The CR23X Operator's Manual
3. The CR23X Prompt Sheet
This Overview introduces the concepts required to take advantage of the CR23X's capabilities. Handson programming examples start in Section OV4. Working with a CR23X will help the learning process,
so don't just read the examples, turn on the CR23X and do them. If you want to start this minute, go
ahead and try the examples, then come back and read the rest of the Overview.
•
The sections of the Operator's Manual which should be read to complete a basic understanding of
the CR23X operation are the Programming Sections 1-3, the portions of the data retrieval Sections 4
and 5 appropriate to the method(s) you are using (see OV5), and Section 14 which covers
installation and maintenance.
•
Section 6 covers details of serial communications. Sections 7 and 8 contain programming
examples. Sections 9-12 have detailed descriptions of the programming instructions, and Section
13 goes into detail on the CR23X measurement procedures.
The Prompt Sheet is an abbreviated description of the programming instructions. Once familiar with the
CR23X, it is possible to program it using only the Prompt Sheet and on-line prompts as a reference,
consulting the manual if further detail is needed.
OV1. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
The CR23X Micrologger with the alkaline
batteries is shown in Figure OV1-1. It is
powered with 10 "D" cells and has only the
power switch on the base. The rechargeable
CR23X has rechargeable lead acid cells. In
addition to the power switch, it has a charger
input plug and an LED which lights when the
charging circuit is active. Rechargeable
CR23Xs should always be connected to a solar
panel or AC charger. The lead acid batteries
provide backup in event of a power failure but
are permanently damaged if their voltage drops
below 11.76 volts. Campbell Scientific does not
warrant batteries.
The 16 character keyboard is used to enter
programs, commands and data; these can be
viewed on the 24 character x 2 line LCD display.
OV-1
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
1
4
5
7
8
0
*
A
2
3
B
6
C
9
D
#
OV-2
FIGURE OV1-1. CR23X Micrologger
ANALOG INPUTS
Input/Output Instructions
1 Volt (SE)
2 Volt (DIFF)
4 Ex-Del-Se
5 AC Half Br
6 Full Br
7 3W Half Br
8 Ex-Del-Diff
9 6W Full Br
11 Temp (107)
12 RH-(207)
13 Temp-TC SE
14 Temp-TC DIFF
16 Temp-RTD
27 Interval-Freq.
28 Vibrating Wire Meas
29 INW Press
131 Enhanced Vib. Wire
PULSE INPUTS
Input/Output Instructions
Continuous
Analog Outputs
133 Analog Out
EXCITATION OUTPUTS
Input/Output Instructions
4 Ex-Del-Se
5 AC Half Br
6 Full Br
7 3W Half Br
8 Ex-Del-Diff
9 Full Br-Mex
11 Temp (107)
12 RH (207)
22 Del w/Opt Ext
28 Wire Meas
29 INW Press
3 Pulse
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
DIGITAL I/O PORTS
Input/Output Instructions
3 Pulse
15 Serial I/O
20 Set Ports
21 Pulse Port
25 Read Ports
100-110, 118 SDM and SDI12
Instructions
134 AM25T
Program Control Instructions
83 If Case < F
86 Do
88 If X <=> Y
89 If X <=> F
91 If flag, port
92 If Time
Command Codes:
4X Set port x high
49 Switched 12 V on
5X Set port x low
59 Switched 12 V off
6X Toggle port x
7X Pulse port x
95 Port Subr.
96 Port Subr.
97 Port Subr.
98 Port Subr.
12
34
56
78
SE
1
2
HL
15 16
8
HL
3
HL
17 18
9
HL
HL
DIFF
13 14
SE
7
HL
DIFF
4
HL
19 20
40
HL
910
5
HL
21 22
11
HL
04:REF_TEMP
+21.93
CR23X MICROLOGGER
CS I/O
SERIAL I/O
Telecommunications
Program Control Instructions
96 Storage Module, Printer, Serial Out
97 Initiate Telecommunications
120 TGT1 GOES Satellite (CS I/O only)
121 ARGOS Satellite (CS I/O only)
122 INMARSAT-C Satellite (CS I/O only)
123 TGT1 Programming
(OPTICALLY ISOLATED)
11 12
6
HL
23 24
12
HL
COMPUTER
RS232
EX1
EX2
EX3
EX4
CAO1
CAO2
P1
POWER OUT CONTROL I/O
G5VG
SW12G12V
12VGC1C2C3C4GC5C6C7C8
SDM
1 2 3 A
4 5 6 B
7 8 9 C
*
Switched
12 Volts
P2
P3
0 # D
SN:
External
12 Volt
P4
G 12V
POWER IN
G
GROUND
LUG
Power Input
Earth Ground
Connect 12ga
or larger wire to
earth ground
MADE IN USA
FIGURE OV1-2. CR23X Panel and Associated Programming Instructions
OV-3
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
The 9-pin serial CS I/O port provides connection
to data storage peripherals, such as the
SM192/716 Storage Module, and provides
serial communication to computer or modem
devices for data transfer or remote
programming (Section 6). This 9 pin port does
NOT have the same pin configuration as the 9
pin serial ports currently used on most personal
computers. An SC32A is required to interface
the CS I/O port to a PC or other RS-232 serial
port (Section 6). An optically isolated computer
RS-232 port is also provided for direct
connection to PCs and other RS-232 devices.
The panel contains four terminal strips which
are used for sensor inputs, excitation, control
input/outputs, etc. Figure OV1-2 shows the
CR23X panel and the associated programming
instructions.
OV1.1 WIRING TERMINALS
Wiring terminals are provided on the CR23X to
allow connection of external sensors and other
devices.
OV1.1.1 ANALOG INPUTS
The terminals labeled 1H to 12L are analog
voltage inputs. These numbers (black) refer to
the high and low inputs to the differential
channels 1 through 12. In a differential
measurement, the voltage on the H input is
measured with respect to the voltage on the L
input. When making single-ended
measurements, either the H or L input may be
used as an independent channel to measure
voltage with respect to the CR23X analog
ground (
numbered sequentially starting with 1H (blue);
e.g., the H and L sides of differential channel 1
are single-ended channels 1 and 2; the H and L
sides of differential channel 2 are single-ended
channels 3 and 4, etc.
The analog input terminal strips have an
insulated cover to reduce temperature gradients
across the input terminals. The cover is
required for accurate thermocouple
measurements (Section 13.4).
OV1.1.2 EXCITATION OUTPUTS
The terminals labeled EX1, EX2, EX3, and EX4
are precision, switched excitation outputs used
to supply programmable excitation voltages for
resistive bridge measurements. DC or AC
). The single-ended channels are
excitation at voltages between -5000 mV and
+5000 mV are user programmable (Section 9).
OV1.1.3 CONTINUOUS ANALOG OUTPUTS (CAO)
Two CAO channels supply continuous output
voltages under program control, for use with strip
charts, x-y plotters, or proportional controllers.
OV1.1.4 PULSE INPUTS
The terminals labeled P1, P2, P3, and P4 are
the pulse counter inputs for the CR23X. They
are programmable for high frequency pulse, low
level AC, or switch closure (Section 9,
Instruction 3).
OV1.1.5 DIGITAL I/O PORTS
Terminals C1 through C8 are digital
Input/Output ports. On power-up they are
configured as input ports, commonly used for
reading the status of an external signal. High
and low conditions are: 3 V < high < 5.5 V; -
0.5 V < low < 0.8 V.
Configured as outputs the ports allow on/off
control of external devices. A port can be set
high (5 V ± 0.1 V), low (<0.1 V), toggled or
pulsed (Sections 3, 8.3, and 12).
Ports C5 through C8 can be configured as
pulse counters for switch closures (Section 9,
Instruction 3) or used to trigger subroutine
execution (Section 1.1.2).
Built in Zener diodes on the eight control ports
limit input voltage to acceptable levels of < =
5.6 VDC. Do not apply voltages greater than
16 VDC. A voltage of 5.0 VDC is preferred.
OV1.1.6 GROUNDS
The CR23X has ground terminals marked
and G. Signal returns of analog inputs and their
associated shields along with excitation voltage
returns are to be tied to the
in the analog input terminal strips. The G
terminals (Power Grounds) are intended to
carry return currents from the 5 V, SW12, 12 V,
and C1-C8 outputs. Tying these potentially
large return currents to G terminals keeps these
currents from flowing through and corrupting
analog measurements. Offset voltage errors in
single-ended measurements can occur for large
(50 mA) currents flowing into the
the analog input terminal strips. Return
currents from the CAO and pulse-counter
terminals located
terminals in
OV-4
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
channels should be tied to the
the CAO and pulse-counter terminal strip to
prevent them from flowing through the analog
measurement section.
The ground lug is also marked
a rugged ground path from the individual
G terminals to earth or chassis ground for ESD
protection.
Review Section 14.7 for complete grounding
recommendations.
OV1.1.8 5V OUTPUTS
The 5 V (±4.0%) output is commonly used to
power peripherals such as the QD1 Incremental
Encoder Interface, AVW1 or AVW4 Vibrating
Wire Interface.
The 5 V output is common with pin 1 on the CS
I/O 9 pin connector; 200 mA is the maximum
combined output.
OV1.1.9 CS I/O
The 9 pin CS I/O port contains lines for serial
communication between the CR23X and
external devices such as computers, printers,
Campbell modems, Storage Modules, etc. This
port does NOT have the same configuration
as the 9 pin serial ports currently used on
most personal computers. It has a 5 VDC
power line which is used to power peripherals
such as Storage Modules. The same 5 VDC
supply is used for the 5 V output on the lower
right terminal strip. It has a 12 VDC power line
used to power other peripherals such as the
COM200 phone modem. Section 6 contains
technical details on serial communication.
OV1.1.10 COMPUTER RS-232 PORT
This port is an optically isolated standard 9 pin
RS-232 DCE/DTE port. It can be connected
directly to the serial port of most personal
computers. A 6 foot 9 to 9 pin serial cable and a
9 to 25 pin adapter are included with the CR23X
to connect this port to a PC serial port.
OV1.1.11 SWITCHED 12 VOLT
The switched 12 volt output can be used to
power sensors or devices requiring an
unregulated 12 volts. The output is limited to
600 mA at 50°C (360 mA at 80°C) current. The
terminals in
and provides
and
switched 12 volt port is addressed as “Port 9” in
a datalogger program.
When the port is set high, the 12 volts is turned
on; when the port is low, the switched 12 volts is
off (Section 8.12).
OV1.2 CONNECTING POWER TO THE CR23X
The CR23X should be powered by any clean,
battery backed 12 VDC source. The green
power connector on the wiring panel is a plug in
connector that allows the power supply to be
easily disconnected. The power connection is
reverse polarity protected. The datalogger
should be earth or chassis ground during
routine operation. See Section 14 for details on
power supply connections and grounding.
When primary power falls below 11.0 VDC, the
CR23X stops executing its programs. The Low
Voltage Counter (∗B window 9) is incremented
by one each time the primary power falls below
11.0 VDC and E10 is displayed. A double dash
(--) in the 9th window of the ∗B mode indicates
that the CR23X is currently in a low primary
power mode. (Section 1.6)
The datalogger program and stored data remain
in memory, and the clock continues to keep
time when power is disconnected. The clock
and SRAM are powered by an internal lithium
battery. (Section 14.11.2)
OV2. MEMORY AND PROGRAMMING
CONCEPTS
OV2.1 INTERNAL MEMORY
The standard CR23X has 512 Kilobytes of
Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory (EEPROM), 128 Kilobytes Static
Random Access Memory (SRAM), and 1
Megabyte of Flash RAM. As an option, the
CR23X can be purchased with 4 Megabyte
Flash for final storage. Operating system
EEPROM stores the operating system, user
programs, and labels. SRAM is used for final
storage data and running the user program.
Final Storage Flash is used for data storage.
The use of the Input, Intermediate, and Final
Storage in the measurement and data
processing sequence is shown in Figure OV2.1-
2. The five areas of SRAM are:
1. System Memory - used for overhead tasks
such as compiling programs, transferring
OV-5
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
data, etc. The user cannot access this
memory.
2. Active Program Memory - available for
user entered programs.
3. Input Storage - Input Storage holds the
results of measurements or calculations.
The
6 Mode is used to view Input
Storage locations for checking current
sensor readings or calculated values. Input
Storage defaults to 64 locations. Additional
A
locations can be assigned using the
Mode.
4. Intermediate Storage - Certain Processing
Instructions and most of the Output
Processing Instructions maintain
intermediate results in Intermediate
Storage. Intermediate storage is
automatically accessed by the instructions
and cannot be accessed by the user. The
default allocation is 64 locations. The
number of locations can be changed using
the
A Mode.
5. Final Storage - Final processed values are
stored here for transfer to printer, solid state
Storage Module or for retrieval via
telecommunication links. Values are stored
in Final Storage only by the Output
Processing Instructions and only when the
Output Flag is set in the user’s program.
Approximately 570,000 locations are
allocated to Final Storage from SRAM on
power up. This number is reduced if Input
or Intermediate Storage is increased.
While the total size of these three areas
remains constant, memory may be
reallocated between the areas to
accommodate different measurement and
processing needs (
A Mode, Section
1.5).
6. Alphanumeric Labels - The CR23X can be
programmed through EDLOG (PC208W
software) to assign alphanumeric labels to
Input Storage and Final Storage locations.
Labels must consist of letters, numbers, or
the underscore ( _ ), and must not begin
with a number.
OV-6
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
Flash Memory
(EEPROM)
Total 512 Kbytes
Operating System
(128 Kbytes)
Active Program
(32 Kbytes Code)
Stored Programs
(32 Kbytes Code)
(32 Kbytes Labels)
Temporary Copy of
Current Program
Saved during
download if download
is aborted
(64 Kbytes)
Alphanumeric Labels
(32 Kbytes)
Unassigned
(192 Kbytes)
How it works:
The Operating System is loaded into
Flash Memory at the factory. System
Memory is used while the CR23X is
running for calculations, buffering data
and general operating tasks.
Any time a user loads a program into
the CR23X, the program is compiled in
SRAM and stored in the Active
Program areas. If the CR23X is
powered off and then on, the Active
Program is loaded from Flash and run.
The Active Program is run in SRAM to
maximize speed. The program
accesses Input Storage and
Intermediate Storage and stores data
into Final Storage for later retrieval by
the user.
The Active Program can be copied into
the Stored Programs area. While 98
program "names" are available, the
number of programs stored is limited
by the available memory. Stored
programs can be retrieved to become
the active program. While programs
are stored one at a time, all stored
programs are erased simultaneously.
That is because the flash memory can
only be written to once before it must
be erased and can only be erased in 16
Kbytes blocks.
(Memory Areas separated by dashed
lines:
can be re-sized by the user.)
1 byte per character stored. 9 bytes
per input location label. All final
storage label characters plus 2 bytes
per table name (array ID name) and
field name.
SRAM/FLASH
Total 1152 Kbytes
32K SRAM
System Memory
4096 Bytes
Active Program
Default
2048 Bytes
Input Storage
Default
112 Bytes
28 Locations
Intermediate Storage
Default
256 Bytes
64 Locations
96K SRAM
Final Storage 1 and 2
98,304 Bytes
49,154 Locations
1M FLASH
Final Storage 1 and 2
917,504 Bytes
458,752 Locations
or
4M FLASH
Final Storage 1 and 2
4,292,610 Bytes
2,146,305 Locations
Final Storage 1 Only
131,072 Bytes
65,536 Locations
Memory available only to
system
Memory shared between
Program, Input Storage,
and Intermediate Storage
Memory allocable to Final
Storage 1 and 2 only
Memory available only to
Final Storage area 1
FIGURE OV2.1-1. CR23X Memory
OV-7
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
OV2.2 PROGRAM TABLES, EXECUTION
INTERVAL AND OUTPUT INTERVALS
The CR23X must be programmed before it will
make any measurements. A program consists
of a group of instructions entered into a
program table. The program table is given an
execution interval which determines how
frequently that table is executed. When the
table is executed, the instructions are executed
in sequence from beginning to end. After
executing the table, the CR23X waits the
remainder of the execution interval and then
executes the table again starting at the
beginning.
The interval at which the table is executed
generally determines the interval at which the
sensors are measured. The interval at which
data are stored is separate from how often the
table is executed, and may range from samples
every execution interval to processed
summaries output hourly, daily, or on longer or
irregular intervals.
Programs are entered in Tables 1 and 2.
Subroutines, called from Tables 1 and 2, are
entered in Subroutine Table 3. The size of
program memory can be fixed or automatically
allocated by the CR23X (Section 1.5).
Table 1 and Table 2 have independent
execution intervals, entered in units of seconds
with an allowable range of 1/100 to 6553.5
seconds. Subroutine Table 3 has no execution
interval, since it is called from Table 1, Table 2,
or an interrupt subroutine.
OV2.2.1 THE EXECUTION INTERVAL
The execution interval specifies how often the
program in the table is executed, which is
usually determined by how often the sensors
are to be measured. Unless two different
measurement rates are needed, use only one
table. A program table is executed sequentially
starting with the first instruction in the table and
proceeding to the end of the table.
Table 1.
Execute every x sec.
0.01 < x < 6553.5
Instructions are executed
sequentially in the order they
are entered in the table. One
complete pass through the
table is made each execution
interval unless program
control instructions are used
to loop or branch execution.
Normal Order:
MEASURE
PROCESS
CHECK OUTPUT COND.
OUTPUT PROCESSING
FIGURE OV2.2-1. Program and Subroutine Tables
Table 2.
Execute every y sec.
0.01 < y < 6553.5
Table 2 is used if there is a
need to measure and
process data on a separate
interval from that in Table 1.
Table 3.
Subroutines
A subroutine is executed
only when called from Table
1 or 2.
Subroutine Label
Instructions
End
Subroutine Label
Instructions
End
Subroutine Label
Instructions
End
OV-8
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
Each instruction in the table requires a finite
time to execute. If the execution interval is less
than the time required to process the table, an
execution interval overrun (table overrun)
occurs; the CR23X finishes processing the table
and waits for the next execution interval before
initiating the table. When a table overrun
T
occurs,
appears in the lower right corner of
o
the display in the Running Table mode
(
0). Overruns and table priority are
discussed in Section 1.1.
OV2.2.2. THE OUTPUT INTERVAL
The interval at which output occurs must be an
integer multiple of the execution interval (e.g., a
table cannot have a 10 minute execution
interval and output every 15 minutes).
A single program table can have many different
output intervals and conditions, each with a
unique data set (Output Array). Program
Control Instructions are used to set the Output
Flag. The Output Processing Instructions which
follow the instruction setting the Output Flag
determine the data output and its sequence.
Each additional Output Array is created by
another Program Control Instruction checking a
output condition, followed by Output Processing
Instructions defining the data set to output.
OV2.3 CR23X INSTRUCTION TYPES
Figure OV2.3-1 illustrates the use of three
different instruction types which act on data.
The fourth type, Program Control, is used to
control output times and vary program
execution. Instructions are identified by
numbers.
1. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS (1-29,
100-110, 113-118, 130-134; Section 9)
control the terminal strip inputs and outputs
(Figure OV1.1-2), storing the results in Input
Storage (destination). Multiplier and offset
parameters allow conversion of linear
signals into engineering units. The Digital
I/O Ports and CAO analog output ports are
also addressed with I/O Instructions.
2. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS (30-68,
Section 10) perform numerical operations
on values located in Input Storage and
store the results back in Input Storage.
These instructions can be used to develop
high level algorithms to process
measurements prior to Output Processing.
3. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS
(69-82, Section 11) are the only
instructions which store data in Final
Storage. Input Storage values are
processed over time to obtain averages,
maxima, minima, etc. There are two types
of processing done by Output Instructions:
Intermediate and Final.
Intermediate processing normally takes
place each time the instruction is executed.
For example, when the Average Instruction
is executed, it adds the values from the
input locations being averaged to running
totals in Intermediate Storage. It also keeps
track of the number of samples.
Final processing occurs only when the
Output Flag is high (Section 3.7.1). The
Output Processing Instructions check the
Output Flag. If the flag is high, final values
are calculated and output. With the
Average, the totals are divided by the
number of samples and the resulting
averages sent to Final Storage.
Intermediate locations are zeroed and the
process starts over. The Output Flag, Flag
0, is set high by a Program Control
Instruction which must precede the Output
Processing Instructions in the user entered
program.
4. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS
(83-98, 111, 120-123, 220; Section 12) are
used for logic decisions, conditional
statements, and to send data to peripherals.
They can set flags and ports, compare
values or times, execute loops, call
subroutines, conditionally execute portions
of the program, etc.
OV-9
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
INPUT/OUTPUT
INSTRUCTIONS
Specify the conversion of a sensor signal
to a data value and store it in Input
Storage. Programmable entries specify:
(1) the measurement type
(2) the number of channels to measure
(3) the input voltage range
(4) the Input Storage Location
(5) the sensor calibration constants
used to convert the sensor output to
engineering units
I/O Instructions also control analog
outputs and digital control ports.
INPUT STORAGE
Holds the results of measurements or
calculations in user specified locations.
The value in a location is written over
each time a new measurement or
calculation stores data to the locations.
PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS
Perform calculations with values in Input
Storage. Results are returned to Input
Storage. Arithmetic, transcendental and
polynomial functions are included.
OUTPUT PROCESSING
INSTRUCTIONS
Perform calculations over time on the
values updated in Input Storage.
Summaries for Final Storage are
generated when a Program Control
Instruction sets the Output Flag in
response to time or events. Results
may be redirected to Input Storage for
further processing. Examples include
sums, averages, max/min, standard
deviation, histograms, etc.
Output Flag set high
FINAL STORAGE
Final results from OUTPUT
PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS are
stored here for on-line or interrogated
transfer to external devices (Figure
OV5.1-1). When memory is full, new
data overwrites the oldest data.
FIGURE OV2.3-1. Instruction Types and Storage Areas
INTERMEDIATE STORAGE
Provides temporary storage for
intermediate calculations required by the
OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS;
for example, sums, cross products,
comparative values, etc.
OV-10
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
OV3. COMMUNICATING WITH CR23X
The user can communicate with the CR23X through
either the integral keyboard and two line LCD
display, or through a telecommunications link with a
terminal or computer. The preferred method for
routine operation is through a telecommunications
link with a personal computer running Campbell
Scientific’s PC208 or PC208W Datalogger Support
Software. These packages contain a program editor
(EDLOG), datalogger communications, automated
telecommunications data retrieval, a data reduction
program (SPLIT), and programs to retrieve data
from Campbell Scientific Storage Modules.
Some situations, however, require an alternate
communications method. The integral
keyboard is convenient for cursory on-site
inspection of datalogger functions. It can also
be used when becoming familiar with the
dataloggers functional modes as outlined in
Sections OV3.1 through OV5 and Section 1.
A third communications alternative is through a
dumb terminal or a computer terminal emulator
program through a telecommunications link.
Several arcane commands are used in this
mode as outlined in Section 5. The most useful
command to most CR23X users is the 7H
command, which places the CR23X in the
Remote Keyboard Mode. This mode uses the
same commands as when communicating onsite through the integral keyboard and display.
A common way to use this mode is to enter it
through the terminal emulator program in
PC208 or PC208W. Once the
telecommunications link is established, CR-LF
(carriage return - line feed) is issued from the
PC by hitting the <Enter> key several times
while in the terminal emulator. The CR23X will
respond by sending an asterisk (*) to the PC
screen. At the *, 7H followed by a CR-LF is
issued. The CR23X will respond with a greaterthan symbol (>). From the >, the functional
modes can be entered as outlined in Section 1.
OV3.1 CR23X KEYPAD/DISPLAY
On power-up, the "HELLO" message is
displayed while the CR23X checks memory.
The total size of memory is then displayed
(1664 K bytes of memory).
Using the keypad, work through the direct
programming examples in this overview in
addition to using EDLOG and you will have the
basics of CR23X operation as well as an
appreciation for the help provided by the
software and the CR23X on-line help.
The display will turn off automatically if not
continuously updated. The display will stay on if
continuously updated such as occurs in the
and ∗ 6 modes. Otherwise, it will turn off
automatically to save 4 mA of power. Time to
display shut off is 3 minutes if left in the
mode, or 6 minutes if left in other modes not
continuously updating the screen. While in the
∗
0 mode, the screen can be manually turned
#
off by pressing the
. Press any other key to
turn it back on.
OV3.1.1 FUNCTIONAL MODES
CR23X/User interaction is broken into different
functional MODES (e.g., programming the
measurements and output, setting time,
manually initiating a block data transfer to
Storage Module, etc.). The modes are referred
to as Star (
accessed by first keying
) Modes since they are
, then the mode
number or letter. Table OV3.1-1 lists the
CR23X Modes.
Because the display uses approximately 4 mA
when active, it is automatically turned off if not
updated for three minutes, except in the
mode, where it is left on indefinitely. The
display can be turned off from the keypad in the
∗
0 mode by pressing #. Pressing any key
except the # key will cause the display to be
turned back on after it has been turned off.
TABLE OV3.1-1.
Mode Summary
Key Mode
0
∗
Compile program, log data and
indicate active Tables
1
∗
∗
∗
∗
∗
∗
Program Table 1
2
Program Table 2
3
Program Table 3, subroutines only
4
Parameter Entry Table
5
Display/set real time clock
6
Display/alter Input Storage data,
toggle flags or control ports.
7
∗
∗
∗
∗
∗
∗
∗
Display Final Storage data
8
Final Storage data transfer to peripheral
9
Storage Module commands
A
Memory allocation/reset
B
Signature/status
C
Security
D
Save/load program, set display
contrast, power up settings, ID, etc.
#
∗
Used with TGT1 satellite transmitter
5
∗
0
∗
6
∗
OV-11
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
OV3.1.2 KEY DEFINITION
Keys and key sequences have specific
functions when using the keypad or a
computer/terminal in the remote keyboard state
(Section 5). Table OV3.1-2 lists these
functions. In some cases, the exact action of a
key depends on the mode the CR23X is in and
is described with the mode in the manual.
TABLE OV3.1-2 Key Description/Editing
Functions
Keys
A, B, C
, and D repeat when continuously
pressed. Repetitions occur slowly at first and then
speed up.
Key Action
Any key Turn on display (except #)
0
9
-
∗
Key numeric entries into display
Enter Mode (followed by Mode
Number)
A
B
C
Enter/Advance
Back up
Change the sign of a number or index
a parameter
D
Show Help when “?” is on display
Enter the decimal point
#
Turns off display in ∗
0
Shows output table name in ∗
Clear the rightmost digit keyed into
the display
# A
Advance to next instruction in
∗
program table (
1, ∗ 2, ∗ 3)
or to next Output Array in Final
∗
7)
# B
Storage (
Back up to previous instruction in
program table or to previous Output
Array in Final Storage
# D
# 0
Delete entire instruction
(then A or CR) Back up to the start of
the current array.
When using a computer/terminal to communicate
with the CR23X (Telecommunications remote
keyboard state) there are some keys available in
addition to those found on the keypad. Table
OV3.1-3 lists these keys.
TABLE OV3.1-3. Additional Keys Allowed in
Telecommunications
Key Action
- Change Sign, Index (same as C)
CR Enter/advance (same as A)
S or ^S Stops transmission of data (10
second time-out; any character
restarts)
C or ^C Aborts transmission of Data
OV3.2 USING COMPUTER WITH DATALOGGER
SUPPORT SOFTWARE
Direct datalogger communication programs in
the datalogger support software (PC208W)
provide menu selection of tools to perform the
datalogger functions (e.g., set clock, send
program, monitor measurements, and collect
data). The user also has the option of directly
entering keyboard commands via a built-in
terminal emulator (Section OV3.3).
When using the support software, the
computer’s baud rate, port, and modem types
are specified and stored in a file for future use.
The simplest and most common interface is to
connect the optically isolated 9 pin “Computer
RS-232” port to a 9 pin PC RS-232 port. An
7
adapter is supplied with the CR23X for connection
to a 25 pin PC RS-232 port. Otherwise, an
SC32A can be used on the CS I/O port. The
SC32A converts and optically isolates the
voltages passing between the CR23X and the
external terminal device.
The SC12 Two Peripheral cable which comes
with the SC32A is used to connect the CS I/O
port of the CR23X to the 9 pin port of the
SC32A labeled "Datalogger". Connect the
"Terminal/Printer" port of the SC32A to the
serial port of the computer with a straight 25 pin
cable or, if the computer has a 9 pin serial port,
a standard 9 to 25 pin adapter cable.
OV3.3 ASCII TERMINAL OR COMPUTER WITH
TERMINAL EMULATOR
Devices which can be used to communicate
with the CR23X include standard ASCII
terminals and computers programmed to
function as a terminal emulator. See Section
6.7 for details.
OV-12
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
To communicate with any device, the CR23X
enters its Telecommunications Mode and
responds only to valid telecommunications
commands. Within the Telecommunications
Mode, there are 2 "states"; the
Telecommunications Command state and the
Remote Keyboard state. Communication is
established in the Telecommunications command
state. One of the commands is to enter the
Remote Keyboard state (Section 5).
The Remote Keyboard state allows the
keyboard of the computer/terminal to act like
the CR23X keypad. Various datalogger modes
may be entered, including the mode in which
programs may be keyed in to the CR23X from
the computer/terminal.
OV4. PROGRAMMING THE CR23X
A datalogger program is created on a computer
using EDLOG. A program can also be entered
directly into the datalogger using the keypad.
Section OV4.3 describes options for loading the
program into the CR23X.
OV4.1 PROGRAMMING SEQUENCE
In routine applications, the CR23X measures
sensor output signals, processes the
measurements over some time interval and
stores the processed results. A generalized
programming sequence is:
Final Storage. Instructions are described in
Sections 9 through 12.
5. Enter the Output Processing Instructions to
store processed data in Final Storage. The
order in which data are stored is determined
by the order of the Output Processing
Instructions in the table.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for additional outputs
on different intervals or conditions.
NOTE: The program must be executed for
output to occur. Therefore, the interval at
which the Output Flag is set must be evenly
divisible by the execution interval. For
example, with a 2 minute execution interval
and a 5 minute output interval, the output
flag will only be set on the even multiples of
the 5 minute intervals, not on the odd. Data
will be output every 10 minutes instead of
every 5 minutes.
Execution intervals and output intervals set with
Instruction 92 are synchronized with real time
starting at midnight.
OV4.2 INSTRUCTION FORMAT
Instructions are identified by an instruction
number. Each instruction has a number of
parameters that give the CR23X the information
it needs to execute the instruction.
1. Enter the execution interval. In most cases,
the execution interval is determined by the
desired sensor scan rate.
2. Enter the Input/Output instructions required
to measure the sensors.
3. If processing in addition to that provided by
the Output Processing Instructions (step 5)
is required, enter the appropriate
Processing Instructions.
4. Enter the Program Control Instruction to
test the output condition and set the Output
Flag when the condition is met. For
example, use
Instruction 92 to output based on time.
Instruction 86 to output every execution
interval.
Instruction 88 or 89 to output based on a
comparison of values in input locations.
This instruction must precede the Output
Processing Instructions which store data in
The CR23X Prompt Sheet has the instruction
numbers in red, with the parameters briefly
listed in columns following the description.
Some parameters are footnoted with further
description under the "Instruction Option Codes"
heading. The CR23X also has on-line help
available when a “?” appears on the display.
D
Help is accessed by pressing
For example, Instruction 73 stores the
maximum value that occurred in an Input
Storage location over the output interval.
P73 Maximum
1: Reps
2: TimeOption
3: Loc
The instruction has three parameters (1)
REPetitionS, the number of sequential Input
Storage locations on which to find maxima, (2)
TIME, an option of storing the time of
.
OV-13
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
occurrence with the maximum value, and (3)
LOC, the first Input Storage location operated
on by the Maximum Instruction. The codes for
the TIME parameter are listed in the "Instruction
Option Codes".
The repetitions parameter specifies how many
times an instruction's function is to be repeated.
For example, four 107 thermistor probes may be
measured with a single Instruction 11, Temp-107,
with four repetitions. Parameter 2 specifies the
input channel of the first thermistor (the probes
must be connected to sequential channels).
Parameter 4 specifies the Input Storage location
in which to store measurements from the first
thermistor. If location 5 were used and the first
probe was on channel 1, the temperature of the
thermistor on channel 1 would be stored in input
location 5, the temperature from channel 2 in
input location 6, etc.
Detailed descriptions of the instructions are
given in Sections 9-12. Entering an instruction
into a program table is described in OV5.
OV4.3 ENTERING A PROGRAM
Programs are entered into the CR23X in one of
three ways:
automatically be loaded and run when the
datalogger is powered-up.
The program on power up function can also be
achieved by using a Storage Module. Up to 8
programs can be stored in the Storage Module,
the programs may be assigned any of the
numbers 1-8. If the Storage Module is
connected when the CR23X is powered-up the
CR23X will automatically load program number
8, provided that a program 8 is loaded in the
Storage Module (Section 1.8). The program
from the Storage Module will replace the active
program in flash memory.
OV5. PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES
The following examples stress direct interaction
with the CR23X using the keypad. At the
beginning of each example is an EDLOG listing
of the program. You can also participate in the
example by entering the program in EDLOG
and sending it to the CR23X and viewing
measurements with PC208W. (See the
PC208W manual for guidance.) You can also
work through the examples with the 16 key
keypad. You will learn the basics of CR23X
operation as well as an appreciation for the help
provided by the software.
1. Keyed in using the CR23X keypad.
2. Loaded from a pre-recorded listing using
the
storage/input:
a. Stored on disk/sent from computer.
b. Stored/loaded from Storage Module.
3. Loaded from internal Flash Memory or
Storage Module upon power-up.
A program is created by keying it directly into
the datalogger as described in Section OV5, or
on a PC using PC208W.
Program files (.DLD) can be downloaded directly
to the CR23X using PC208W. Communication
via direct wire, telephone, cellular phone, or
Radio Frequency (RF) is supported.
Programs on disk can be copied to a Storage
Module with the appropriate software. Using the
D Mode to save or load a program from a
Storage Module is described in Section 1.8.
Once a program is loaded in the CR23X, the
program will be stored in flash memory and will
D Mode. There are 2 types of
We will start with a simple programming
example. There is a brief explanation of each
step to help you follow the logic. When the
D
example uses an instruction, press
parameters marked with "?" for parameter
descriptions. Alternatively, find the instruction
on the Prompt Sheet and follow through the
description of the parameters. Using the
Prompt Sheet or on-line help while going
through these examples will help you become
familiar with their respective formats. Sections
9-12 have more detailed descriptions of the
instructions.
Turn on the CR23X. The programming steps in
the following examples use the keystrokes
possible on the keypad. With a terminal, some
responses will be slightly different.
When the CR23X is powered up, the display will
show:
on
OV-14
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
Display Explanation
HELLO On power-up, the CR23X
displays "HELLO" while it
checks the memory
after a few seconds delay
1664 Kbytes The size of the machine's total
memory memory
When the CR23X is turned on, it tests the FLASH
memory and loads the current program to RAM.
After the program compiles successfully, the
CR23X begins executing the program. If a key is
pressed while the CR23X is testing memory
(“HELLO” is on the display), there will be a 128
second delay before compiling and running the
program. This can be used to edit or change the
program before it starts running.
In order to ensure that there is no active
program in the CR23X, load an empty program
using the
D Mode:
Display Will Show:
Key (ID:Data) Explanation
∗
Mode Enter mode
D
13:Enter Command Enter D Mode
00
7
13: 7 is command to
00 7 load program from
flash
A
07:Program ID Execute command
00 7, CR23X is ready
for program
number
0
07:Program ID Load Program 0
00 00 (empty program)
A
Execute program
load, after a short
wait, the display
will show
Prog. operation Indicating that the
complete command is
complete.
OV5.1 SAMPLE PROGRAM 1
EDLOG Listing Program 1:
*Table 1 Program
01: 5.0 Execution Interval (seconds)
1: Panel Temperature (P17)
1: 1 Loc [ CR23XTemp ]
2: Do (P86)
1: 10 Set Output Flag High
3: Sample (P70)
1: 1 Reps
2: 1 Loc [ CR23XTemp ]
In this example the CR23X is programmed to
read its panel temperature (using a built in
thermistor) every 5 seconds and to send the
results to Final Storage.
Display Will Show:
Key (ID:Data) Explanation
∗
Mode Enter mode.
1
Mode 01 Go To Enter Program
0000 Table 1.
A
Scan Interval Advance to execution
+0000 interval (In seconds)
5
Scan Interval Key in an execution
+0.0000 5 interval of 5 seconds.
A
01:P00 Enter the 5 second
execution interval
and advance to the
first program
instruction location.
1 7
01:P00 Key in Instruction 17
17 which directs the
CR23X to measure
the panel
temperature in
degrees C. This is
an Input/Output
Instruction.
A
Panel Temp Enter Instruction 17
01:Loc and advance to the
0000 first parameter.
1
01:Loc The input location to
0000 1 store the
measurement,
location 1.
OV-15
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
A
02:P00 Enter the location #
and advance to the
second program
instruction.
The CR23X is now programmed to read the panel
temperature every 5 seconds and place the reading
in Input Storage Location 1. The program can be
compiled and the temperature displayed (note that it
is not yet storing data).
Display Will Show:
Key (
∗
ID:Data) Explanation
0Running Table 1 Exit Table 1, enter
∗
0 Mode, compile
table and begin
logging.
∗
6Mode 06 Enter LocEnter ∗ 6 Mode (to
0001 view Input Storage).
A
0001: 21.234 Advance to first
storage location.
Panel temp. is
21.234°C (display
shows actual
temperature so exact
value will vary).
Wait a few seconds:
01:21.423 The CR23X has read
the sensor and stored
the result again. The
internal temp is now
21.423
o
C. The value
is updated every 5
seconds when the
table is executed. At
this point the CR23X is
measuring the
temperature every 5
seconds and sending
the value to Input
Storage. No data are
being saved. The next
step is to have the
CR23X send each
reading to Final
Storage. (Remember,
the Output Flag must
be set first.)
∗
1Mode 01 Go To Exit ∗ 6 Mode.
Enter 0000 program
table 1.
2 A
02:P00 Advance to 2nd
instruction location
(this is where we left off).
8 6
02:P00 This is the DO
86 instruction (a
Program Control
Instruction).
A
Do Enter 86 and
01:CMD advance to the first
00 parameter (which will
specify the command
to execute).
1 0
01:CMD This command sets
00 10 the Output Flag
(Flag 0) high.
A
03:P00 Enter 10 and
advance to third
program instruction.
7 0
03:P00 The SAMPLE
70 instruction. It directs
the CR23X to take a
reading from an Input
Storage location and
send it to Final
Storage (an Output
Processing
Instruction).
A
Sample Enter 70 and
01:Reps advance to the first
0000 parameter
(repetitions).
1
01:Reps There is only one
0000 input location to
sample; repetitions = 1.
A
02:Loc Enter 1 and advance
0000 to second parameter
(Input Storage
location to sample).
1
02:Loc Input Storage
0000 1 Location 1, where the
temperature is
stored.
A
04:P00 Enter 1 and advance
to fourth program
instruction.
∗
Mode Exit Table 1.
0
Running Table 1 Enter ∗ 0 Mode,
compile program, log
data.
OV-16
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
The CR23X is now programmed to measure the
internal temperature every 5 seconds and send
each reading to Final Storage. Values in Final
∗
Storage can be viewed using the
7 Mode.
Display Will Show:
Key (
∗
ID:Data) Explanation
7Mode 07 Enter ∗ 7 Mode.
The Loc 13 Data
Storage Pointer
(DSP) is at Location
13 (in this example).
A
Array ID Advance to the first
01: value, the Output
+0102 Array ID. 102
indicates the Output
Flag was set by the
second instruction in
Program Table 1.
A
02: Advance to the first
+21.231 stored temperature.
A
Array ID Advance to the next
01: output array. Same
+0102 Output Array ID.
A
02: Advance to 2nd
+21.42 stored temp, 21.42
deg. C.
There are no date and time tags on the data.
They must be put there with Output Instruction
77. Instruction 77 is used in the next example.
If a terminal is used to communicate with the
CR23X, Telecommunications Commands
(Section 5) can be used to view entire Output
Arrays (in this case the ID and temperature) at
the same time.
OV5.2 SAMPLE PROGRAM 2
EDLOG Listing Program 2:
*Table 1 Program
01: 60.0 Execution Interval (seconds)
1: Panel Temperature (P17)
1: 1 Loc [ CR23XTemp ]
2: Thermocouple Temp (DIFF) (P14)
1: 1 Reps
2: 21 ± 10 mV 60 Hz Rejection
3: 5 DIFF Channel
4: 1 Type T (Copper-Constantan)
5: 1 Ref Temp Loc [ CR23XTemp ]
6: 2 Loc [ TCTemp ]
7: 1.0 Mult
8: 0.0 Offset
3: If time is (P92)
1: 0 Minutes (Seconds --) into a
2: 60 Interval (same units as above)
3: 10 Set Output Flag High
4: Real Time (P77)
1: 110 Day,Hour/Minute
5: Average (P71)
1: 2 Reps
2: 1 Loc [ CR23XTemp ]
6: If time is (P92)
1: 0 Minutes (Seconds --) into a
2: 1440 Interval (same units as above)
3: 10 Set Output Flag High
7: Real Time (P77)
1: 110 Day,Hour/Minute
8: Maximum (P73)
1: 1 Reps
2: 10 Value with Hr-Min
3: 2 Loc [ TCTemp ]
9: Minimum (P74)
1: 1 Reps
2: 10 Value with Hr-Min
3: 2 Loc [ TCTemp ]
10: Serial Out (P96)
1: 71 SM192/SM716/CSM1
This second example is more representative of a
real data collection application. Once again, the
panel temperature is measured, but it is used as
a reference temperature for the differential
voltage measurement of a type T (copperconstantan) thermocouple; the CR23X is initially
supplied with a short type T thermocouple
connected to differential channel 5.
When using a type T thermocouple, the copper
lead (blue) is connected to the high input of the
differential channel, and the constantan lead
(red) is connected to the low input.
A thermocouple produces a voltage that is
proportional to the difference in temperature
between the measurement and the reference
junctions.
To make a thermocouple (TC) temperature
measurement, the temperature of the reference
OV-17
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
junction (in this example, the panel
temperature) must be measured. The CR23X
takes the reference temperature, converts it to
the equivalent TC voltage relative to 0
o
C, adds
the measured TC voltage, and converts the
sum to temperature through a polynomial fit to
the TC output curve (Section 13.4).
Instruction 14 directs the CR23X to make a
differential TC temperature measurement. The
first parameter in Instruction 14 is the number of
times to repeat the measurement. Enter 1,
because in this example there is only one
thermocouple. If there were more than 1 TC,
they could be wired to sequential channels, and
the number of thermocouples entered for
repetitions. The CR23X would automatically
advance through the channels sequentially and
measure all of the thermocouples.
Parameter 2 is the voltage range to use when
making the measurement. The output of a type
T thermocouple is approximately 40 microvolts
per degree C difference in temperature between
the two junctions. The ±10 mV scale will
provide a range of +1000/40 = +250
o
C (i.e., this
scale will not overrange as long as the
measuring junction is within 250
o
C of the panel
temperature). The resolution of the ±10 mV
range is 0.33 µV or 0.008
o
C because a
differential measurement is being made.
Parameter 3 is the analog input channel on
which to make the first, and in this case only,
measurement.
Parameter 4 is the code for the type of
thermocouple used. This information is located
on the Prompt Sheet, in the on-line help, or in
the description of Instruction 14 in Section 9.
The code for a type T (copper-constantan)
thermocouple is 1.
Parameter 5 is the Input Storage location in
which the reference temperature is stored.
Parameter 6 is the Input Storage location in
which to store the measurement (or the first
measurement; e.g., if there are 5 repetitions
and the first measurement is stored in location
3, the final measurement will be stored in
location 7). Parameters 7 and 8 are the
multiplier and offset. A multiplier of 1 and an
offset of 0 outputs the reading in degrees C. A
multiplier of 1.8 and an offset of 32 converts the
reading to degrees F.
In this example, the sensor is measured once a
minute, and the day, time, and average
temperature are output every hour. Once a day
the day, time, maximum and minimum
temperatures and the times they occur will be
output.
Final Storage data will be sent to Storage
Module. Remember, all on-line data output to a
peripheral device is accomplished with
Instruction 96 (Sections 4.1 and 12).
The first example described program entry one
keystroke at a time. This example does not
show the "A" key. Remember, "A" is used to
enter and/or advance (i.e., between each line in
the example below). This format is similar to
the format used in EDLOG.
It's a good idea to have both the manual and the
Prompt Sheet handy when going through this
example. Also look at the on-line help, key
whenever “?” is displayed on the screen. You
can find the program instructions and
parameters on the Prompt Sheet and can read
their complete definitions in the manual.
To obtain daily output, the If Time instruction is
again used to set the Output Flag and is
followed by the Output Instructions to store time
and the daily maximum and minimum
temperatures and the time each occurs.
Any Program Control Instruction which is used
to set the Output Flag high will set it low if the
conditions are not met for setting it high.
Instruction 92 above sets the Output Flag high
every hour. The Output Instructions which
follow do not output every hour because they
are preceded by another Instruction 92 which
sets the Output Flag high at midnight (and sets
it low at any other time). This is a unique
feature of Flag 0. The Output Flag is
automatically set low at the start of each table
(Section 3.7).
OV5.3 EDITING AN EXISTING PROGRAM
When editing an existing program in the
CR23X, entering a new instruction inserts the
instruction; entering a new parameter replaces
the previous value.
To insert an instruction, enter the program table
and advance to the position where the
instruction is to be inserted (i.e., PXX in the
display) key in the instruction number, and then
key A. The new instruction will be inserted at
that point in the table, advance through and
enter the parameters. The instruction that was
at that point and all instructions following it will
be pushed down to follow the inserted
instruction.
D
,
OV-18
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
An instruction is deleted by advancing to the
instruction number (P in display) and keying #D
(Table 4.2-1).
SAMPLE PROGRAM 2
Instruction Parameter
(Loc:Entry) (
1
Par#:Entry) Description
01:60 60 second (1 minute) execution interval
# D
Key
until 01:P00 Erase previous Program before
is displayed continuing.
01:P17 Measure panel temperature
01:1 Store temp in Location 1
02:P14 Measure thermocouple temperature
(differential)
01:1 1 repetition
02:21 Range code (10 mV, 60 Hz Rejection)
03:5 Input channel of TC
04:1 TC type: copper-constantan
05:1 Reference temp is stored in Location 1
06:2 Store TC temp in Location 2
07:1 Multiplier of 1
08:0 No offset
To change the value entered for a parameter,
advance to the parameter and key in the correct
value then press A. Note that the new value is
not entered until A is keyed.
Enter Program Table 1
03:P92 If Time instruction
01:0 0 minutes into the interval
02:60 60 minute interval
03:10 Set Output Flag 0
The CR23X is programmed to measure the thermocouple temperature every sixty seconds.
The If Time instruction sets the Output Flag at the beginning of every hour. Next, the Output
Instructions for time and average are added.
Instruction # Parameter
(Loc.:Entry) (
Par.#:Entry) Description
04:P77 Output Time instruction
01:110 Store Julian day, hour, and minute
05:P71 Average instruction
01:1 one repetition
02:2 Location 2 - source of TC temps. to be
averaged
06:P92 If Time instruction
01:0 0 minutes into the interval
02:1440 1440 minute interval (24 hrs.)
03:10 Set Output Flag 0
07: P77 Output Time instruction
01:100 Store Day of Year
08: P73 Maximize instruction
01:1 One repetition
02:10 Output time of daily maximum in hours and minutes
OV-19
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
09: P74 Minimize instruction
The program to make the measurements and to send the desired data to Final Storage has
been entered. At this point, Instruction 96 is entered to enable data transfer from Final Storage
to Storage Module.
10:P96 Activate Serial Data Output.
The program is complete. (Here the example reverts back to the key by key format.)
03:2 Data source is Input Storage Location 2.
01:1 One repetition
02:10 Output the time of the daily minimum in hours
and minutes
03:2 Data source is Input Storage Location 2.
1:71 Output Final Storage data to Storage Module.
Key Display
5
∗
A
1 9 9 6
A
1 9 7
A
1 3 2 4
A
0
∗
00:21:32 Enter ∗
05:0000 Advance to location for year.
05:1996 Key in year (1996).
05:0000 Enter and advance to location for Julian day.
05:197 Key in Julian day.
05:0021 Enter and advance to location for hours and minutes (24 hr. time).
05:1324 Key in hrs.:min. (1:24 PM in this example).
:13:24:01 Clock set and running.
Running Table 1 Exit ∗ 5, compile Table 1, commence logging data.
Explanation
5
Mode. Clock running but perhaps not set correctly.
OV-20
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
OV6. DATA RETRIEVAL OPTIONS
There are several options for data storage and
retrieval. These options are covered in detail in
Sections 2, 4, and 5. Figure OV6.1-1
summarizes the various possible methods.
Regardless of the method used, there are three
general approaches to retrieving data from a
datalogger.
1) On-line output of Final Storage data to a
peripheral storage device. On a regular
schedule, that storage device is either
"milked" of its data or is brought back to the
office/lab where the data is transferred to
the computer. In the latter case, a "fresh"
storage device is usually left in the field
when the full one is taken so that data
collection can continue uninterrupted.
2) Bring a storage device to the datalogger
and milk all the data that has accumulated
in Final Storage since the last visit.
TABLE OV6.1-1. Data Retrieval Methods and Related Instructions
Method Instruction/Mode Section in Manual
3) Retrieve the data over some form of
telecommunications link, whether it be RF,
telephone, cellular phone, short haul
modem, or satellite. This can be performed
under program control or by regularly
scheduled polling of the dataloggers.
Campbell Scientific's Datalogger Support
Software automates this process.
Regardless of which method is used, the
retrieval of data from the datalogger does NOT
erase those data from Final Storage. The data
remain in the ring memory until:
They are written over by new data (Section 2.1)
Memory is reallocated or the CR23X is reset
(Section 1.5)
Table OV6.1-1 lists the instructions used with
the various methods of data retrieval.
Storage Module Instruction 96 4.1, 12
8
9
4.2
4.5
Telecommunications Telecommunications
Commands 5
Instruction 97 12
Instruction 99 12
Printer or other Instruction 96 4.1, 12
Serial device Instruction 98 12
8
4.2
OV-21
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
CR23X
COMPUTER
RS-232
DSP4
HEADS UP
DISPLAY
SM192/716
STORAGE
MODULES
STORAGE
MODULE
OR CARD
BROUGHT
FROM THE
FIELD TO
THE
COMPUTER
SM192/716
STORAGE
MODULES
CS I/O PORT
CS I/O PORT
CSM1
COAXIAL
CABLE
CSM1
ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL
COMMUNICATIONS PORT
SC12 CABLES
MD9
MULTIDROP
INTERFACE
MD9
MULTIDROP
INTERFACE
SC12 CABLE SC1 2 C ABLE
SC532
RS-232
INTERFACE
COMPUTER
RF95 RF
MODEM
RF100/RF200
TRANSCEIVER
W/ ANTENNA
& CABLE
RF100/RF200
TRANSCEIVER
W/ ANTENNA
& CABLE
RF232 RF
BASE
STATION
SC32A
RS-232
INTERFACE
INTERFACE
SRM-6A RAD
SHORTHAUL
MODEM
SRM-6A RAD
SHORTHAUL
MODEM
RS-232
CABLE
SC932
COM200 OR
VS1 PHONE
MODEM
PHONE
LINE
HAYES
COMPATIBLE
PHONE
MODEM
COM100
CELLULAR
PHONE
SATELLITE
GROUND
STATION
NOTES: 1. ADDITIONAL METHODS OF DATA RETRIEVAL ARE:
A. SATELLITE TRANSMISSION
B. DIRECT DUMP TO PRINTER
C. VOICE PHONE MODEM TO VOICE PHONE OR PC WITH HAYES COMPATIBLE
PHONE MODEM
2. THE DSP4 HEADS UP DISPLAY ALLOWS THE USER TO VIEW DATA IN INPUT
STORAGE. ALSO BUFFERS FINAL STORAGE DATA AND WRITES IT TO PRINTER
OR STORAGE MODULE.
3. ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC RS-232 INTERFACE PERIPHERALS HAVE A FEMALE
25 PIN RS-232 CONNECTOR.
4. THE “COMPUTER RS-232” PORT HAS A FEMALE 9 PIN CONNECTOR.
FIGURE OV6.1-1. Data Retrieval Hardware Options
OV-22
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
OV7. SPECIFICATIONS
Electrical specifications are valid for -25° to 50°C range unless otherwise specified. To maintain electrical specifications, yearly recalibrations are recommended.
PROGRAM EXECUTION RATE
Program is synchronized with real-time up to 100 Hz.
Two fast (250 µs integration) single-ended measurements can write to final storage at 100 Hz. Burst
measurements are possible at rates up to 1.5 kHz over
short intervals.
CLOCK ACCURACY
±1 minute per month
ANALOG INPUTS
DESCRIPTION: 12 differential or 24 single-ended,
individually configured. Channel expansion
provided through AM416 Relay Multiplexers and
AM25T Thermocouple Multiplexers.
ACCURACY: ±0.025% of FSR; 0° to 40°C
±0.05% of FSR;-25° to 50°C
±0.075% of FSR;-40° to 80°C (optional)
±5 µV offset voltage error is possible with SE
measurements.
RANGES AND RESOLUTION
Input Resolution (µV) Accuracy (mV)
Range (mV) Diff. SE (-25° to 50°C)
±5000 166 333 ±5.00
±1000 33.3 66.6 ±1.00
±200 6.66 13.3 ±0.20
±50 1.67 3.33 ±0.05
±10 0.33 0.66 ±0.01
INPUT SAMPLE RATES: Includes the measurement
time and conversion to engineering units. Differential measurements incorporate two integrations with reversed input polarities to reduce
thermal offset and common mode errors. Fast
measurement integrates the signal for 250 µs;
slow measurement integrates for one power
line cycle (50 or 60 Hz).
Fast single-ended voltage: 2.1 ms
Fast differential voltage: 3.1 ms
Slow single-ended voltage (60 Hz): 18.3 ms
Slow differential voltage (60 Hz): 35.9 ms
Fast differential thermocouple: 6.9 ms
INPUT REFERRED NOISE: Typical for ±10 mV Input
Range;digital resolution dominates for higher
ranges.
Fast differential 0.60 µV rms
Slow differential (60 Hz) 0.15 µV r ms
Fast single-ended 1.20 µV rms
Slow single-ended (60 Hz) 0.30 µV rms
COMMON MODE RANGE: ±5 V.
DC COMMON MODE REJECTION:>100 dB.
NORMAL MODE REJECTION:70 dB (60 Hz with slow
diff.measurement).
SUSTAINED INPUT VOLTAGE WITHOUT DAMAGE:
±16 VDC max.
INPUT CURRENT:±2.5 nA typ., ±10 nA max. at 50°C.
INPUT RESISTANCE: 20 Gohms typical.
ANALOG OUTPUTS
DESCRIPTION: 4 switched, active only during
measurement one at a time;2 continuous.
RANGE: Programmable between ±5 V
RESOLUTION: 333 µV
ACCURACY: ±5 mV; ±2.5 mV (0° to 40°C).
CURRENT SOURCING: 50 mA for switched;15 mA
for continuous.
CURRENT SINKING: 50 mA for switched, 5 mA for
continuous (15 mA for continuous with Boost
selected in P133).
FREQUENCY SWEEP FUNCTION: The switched
outputs provide a programmable swept frequency,
0 to 5 V square wave for exciting vibrating wire
transducers.
RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS
MEASUREMENT TYPES: The CR23X provides ratio-
metric measurements of 4- and 6-wire full bridges,
and 2-, 3-, and 4-wire half bridges.Precise, dual
polarity excitation using any of the 4 switched
outputs eliminates DC errors. Conductivity
measurements use a dual polarity 0.75 ms excitation to minimize ionic polarization errors.
ACCURACY: ±0.02% of FSR (±0.015%, 0° to 40°C)
plus bridge resistor error.
PERIOD AVERAGING MEASUREMENTS
DESCRIPTION: The average period for a single
cycle is determined by measuring the duration
of a specified number of cycles. Any of the 24
SE analog inputs can be used;signal attenuation
and AC coupling is typically required.
INPUT FREQUENCY RANGE: Signal centered
around ground.
Max.Input Min. signal (Peak to Peak)
Frequency @ Max.Freq.
10 kHz 2 mV
20 kHz 5 mV
30 kHz 10 mV
200 kHz 500 mV
RESOLUTION:12 ns divided by the number of cycles
measured.
ACCURACY: ±0.03% of reading.
PULSE COUNTERS
DESCRIPTION: Four 8-bit or two 16-bit inputs
selectable for switch closure, high frequency pulse,
or low-level AC. Counters read at 10 or 100 Hz.
MAXIMUM COUNT RATE: 2.5 kHz and 25 kHz, 8-bit
counter read at 10 Hz and 100 Hz, respectively;500 kHz, 16-bit counter.
SWITCH CLOSURE MODE
Minimum Switch Closed Time:5 ms.
Minimum Switch Open Time:6 ms.
Maximum Bounce Time:1 ms open without being
counted.
HIGH FREQUENCY PULSE MODE
Minimum Pulse Width: 1 µs.
Maximum Input Frequency: 500 kHz.
Voltage Thresholds: Count upon transition from
below 1.5 V to above 3.5 VDC. Larger transitions
required at high frequencies because of 0.5 µs
time constant filter.
Maximum Input Voltage: ±20 V.
LOW LEVEL AC MODE
Internal AC coupling removes DC offsets up to
±0.5 V .
Input Hysteresis: 15 mV.
Maximum AC Input Voltage: ±20 V.
Frequency Range Min.sine wave rms
1.0 Hz to 1 kHz 20 mV
0.5 Hz to 10 kHz 200 mV
0.3 Hz to 16 kHz 1000 mV
DIGITAL I/O PORTS
DESCRIPTION: 8 ports selectable as binary inputs or
control outputs. Ports C5-C8 capable of counting
switch closures and high frequency.
HIGH FREQUENCY MAX: 2.5 kHz
OUTPUT VOLTAGES (no load):high 5.0 V ±0.1 V;
low < 0.1 V.
OUTPUT RESISTANCE: 500 ohms.
INPUT STATE: high 3.0 to 5.5 V;low -0.5 to 0.8 V.
INPUT RESISTANCE: 100 kohms.
SDI-12 INTERFACE SUPPORT
DESCRIPTION: Digital I/O Ports C5-C8 support SDI-
12 asynchronous communication;up to 10 SDI-12
sensors can be connected to each port.
EMI and ESD PROTECTION
Encased in metal with gas discharge tubes on the
panel, the CR23X has EMI filtering and ESD protection
on all input and output connections.
CE COMPLIANCE (as of 01/98)
APPLICATION OF COUNCIL DIRECTIVE(S):
89/336/EEC as amended by 89/336/EEC and
93/68/EEC
STANDARD(S) TO WHICH CONFORMITY IS
DECLARED:
ENC55022-1:1995 and ENC50082-1: 1992
CPU AND INTERFACE
PROCESSORS:Hitachi 6303; Motorola 68HC708
supports communications.
MEMORY: 1 M Flash stores 500K data values;
512K Flash stores OS and user programs with
128K battery-backed SRAM. Optional 4 M Flash
available.
DISPLAY: 24-character-by-2-line LCD.
SERIAL INTERFACES: Optically isolated RS-232
9-pin interface for computer or modem. CS 9-pin
I/O interface for peripherals such as card storage
module or modem.
BAUD RATES: Selectable at 300, 1200, 2400, 4800,
9600, 19.2K, 38.4K, and 76.8K. ASCII protocol
is one start bit, one stop bit, eight data bits, no
parity.
SYSTEM POWER REQUIREMENTS
VOLTAGE:11 to 16 VDC.
TYPICAL CURRENT DRAIN: 2 mA quiescent with
display off (2.5 mA max), 7 mA quiescent with
display on, 45 mA during processing, and
70 mA during analog measurement.
INTERNAL BATTERIES: 7 Ahr alkaline or 7 Ahr
rechargeable base;low-profile base without bat-
teries optional. 1800 mAhr lithium battery for clock
and SRAM backup typically provides 10 years of
service.
EXTERNAL BATTERIES: Any 11 to 16 V battery
may be connected;reverse polarity protected.
PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS
SIZE: 9.5” x 7.0” x 3.8” (24.1 cm x 17.8 cm x 9.6 cm).
Terminal strips extend 0.4” (1.0 cm) and terminal
strip cover extends 1.3”(3.3 cm) above the panel
surface.
WEIGHT: 3.6 lbs (1.6 kg) with low-profile base,
8.3 lbs (3.8 kg) with alkaline base,
10.7 lbs (4.8 kg) with rechargeable base.
WARRANTY
3 years against defects in materials and workmanship.
OV-23
CR23X MICROLOGGER OVERVIEW
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OV-24
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