Campbell CR10X User Guide

CR10X MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE

OPERATOR'S MANUAL

REVISION: 9/01

COPYRIGHT (c) 1986-2001 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.

This is a blank page.

CR10X MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE OVERVIEW

The CR10X is a fully programmable datalogger/controller with non-volatile memory and a battery backed
clock in a small, rugged, sealed module. The combination of reliability, versatility, and
telecommunications support make it a favorite choice for networks and single logger applications.

Campbell Scientific Inc. provides four aids to operating the CR10X:

1. PCTOUR

2. This Overview

3. The CR10X Operator's Manual

4. The CR10X Prompt Sheet

PCTOUR is a computer-guided tour of CR10X operation and the use of the PC208 Datalogger Support
Software. Much of the material in this Overview is covered in PCTOUR. A copy of PCTOUR is available
on our web site www.campbellsci.com.

This Overview introduces the concepts required to take advantage of the CR10X's capabilities. Hands­on programming examples start in Section OV5. Working with a CR10X will help the learning process,
so don't just read the examples, do them. If you want to start this minute, go ahead and try the
examples, then come back and read the rest of the Overview.

The sections of the Operator's Manual which should be read to complete a basic understanding of the
CR10X operation are the Programming Sections 1-3, the portions of the data retrieval Sections 4 and 5
appropriate to the method(s) you are using (see OV6), and Section 14 which covers installation and
maintenance.

Section 6 covers details of serial communications. Sections 7 and 8 contain programming examples.
Sections 9-12 have detailed descriptions of each programming instruction, and Section 13 goes into
detail on the CR10X measurement procedures.

The Prompt Sheet is an abbreviated description of the programming instructions. Once familiar with the
CR10X, it is possible to program it using only the Prompt Sheet as a reference, consulting the manual if
further detail is needed.

Read the Selected Operating Details and Cautionary Notes at the front of the Manual before using the
CR10X.

OV1. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

The CR10X was designed to provide a rugged
sealed datalogger with a low per unit cost.
Some of its distinguishing physical features are:

• The CR10X does not have an integral
keyboard/display. The user accesses the
CR10X with the portable CR10KD
Keyboard Display or with a computer or
terminal (Section OV2).

• The CR10X does not have an integral
terminal strip. A removable wiring panel
(Figure OV1.1-1) performs this function and
attaches to the two D-type connectors
located at the end of the module.

• The power supply is external to the CR10X.
This gives the user a wide range of options
(Section 14) for powering the CR10X.

OV1.1 WIRING PANEL

The CR10X Wiring Panel and CR10X
datalogger make electrical contact through the
two D-type connectors at the (left) end of the
CR10X.

The Wiring Panel contains a 9-pin Serial I/O
port used when communicating with the
datalogger and provides terminals for
connecting sensor, control, and power leads to
the CR10X. It also provides transient protection
and reverse polarity protection. Figure OV1.1-2
shows the panel and the instructions used to
access the various terminals.

OV-1

CR10X OVERVIEW

CROUND

EARTH

CR10XTCR Thermocouple

Reference Thermistor

and Cover

LOGAN, UTAH

SE

DEF

G

7

G

4

H

8

L

9

SE

DEF

G

G

H

AG

5

10

H

L

11

AG

1

1

2

L

3

AG

2

H

L

AG

6

H

12

L

AG

E3

4

5
3

H

L

AG

AG

G

6

E3

AG

G

AG

G

SW 12V CTRL

G

G

G

G

SW 12V

H

L

AG

H

L

AG

G

CR10X WIRING PANEL

MADE IN USA

SDM
E3

12V

12V

WIRING

PANEL NO.

G 12V

POWER
IN

CS I/0

H

L

AG

MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE

firmware 1983, 1986, 1995

CR10X

C

S/N: X 1012

CR10KD

KEYBOARD DISPLAY

1

4

7

*

MADE IN USA

FIGURE OV1.1-1. CR10X and Wiring Panel, CR10KD, and CR10XTCR

SERIAL i/O

2

3

A

5

6

B

8

9

C

0

#

D

OV-2

ANALOG INPUTS

Input/Output Instructions

1 Volt (SE)
2 Volt (DIFF)
4Ex-Del-Se
5 AC Half Br
6 Full Br
73W Half Br
8 Ex-Del-Diff

9 6W Full Br
11 Temp (107)
12 RH-(207)
13 Temp-TC SE
14 Temp-TC DIFF
16 Temp-RTD
27 Interval-Freq.
28 Vibrating Wire Meas
29 INW Press

131 Enhanced Vib. Wire

Logan, Utah

Switched

12 Volts

CR10X OVERVIEW

SERIAL I/O
Telecommunications
Program Control Instructions

96 Storage Module, Printer

97 Initiate Telecommunications
120 TGT1 GOES Satellite
121 ARGOS Satellite
122 INMARSAT-C Satellite
123 TGT1 Programming

12 Volt

Power Inputs

G 12V

SE
DIFF

G

SE
DIFF

EARTH
GROUND

G

Earth Ground

Connect 12ga or larger

wire to earth ground

EXCITATION OUTPUTS
Input/Output Instructions

78

GH L

12

GH L

910511 12

4

AG H L AG H L AG E3 AG G G

34256

1

AG H L AG H L AG E1 AG E2 G

4Ex-Del-Se
5 AC Half Br
6 Full Br
73W Half Br
8 Ex-Del-Diff

9 Full Br-Mex
11 Temp (107)
12 RH (207)
22 Excit-Del
28 Wire Meas
29 INW Press

SW 12V CTRL

6

3

5V 5V G G

P1 G P2 G C8 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 G 12V 12V

SW 12V

G 12V

POWER
IN

CR10X WIRING PANEL

MADE IN USA

SDM

CS I/O

WIRING
PANEL NO.

DIGITAL I/O PORTS

Input/Output Instructions

3Pulse
15 Serial I/O
20 Set Ports
21 Pulse Port

PULSE INPUTS

Input/Output Instructions

3 Pulse

100-110, 118 SDM and SDI12

25 Read Ports

Instructions

Program Control Instructions

83 If Case < F
86 Do
88 If X <=> Y
89 If X <=> F
91 If flag, port
92 If Time

Command Codes:

4X Set port x high
5X Set port x low
6X Toggle port x
7X Pulse port x

96 Port Subr.
97 Port Subr.
98 Port Subr.

FIGURE OV1.1-2. CR10X Wiring Panel/Programming Instructions

OV-3

CR10X OVERVIEW

OV1.1.1 ANALOG INPUTS

The terminals labeled 1H to 6L are analog
inputs. These numbers refer to the high and
low inputs to the differential channels 1 through

6. In a differential measurement, the voltage on
the H input is measured with respect to the
voltage on the L input. When making single­ended measurements, either the H or L input
may be used as an independent channel to
measure voltage with respect to the CR10X
analog ground (AG). The single-ended
channels are numbered sequentially starting
with 1H; e.g., the H and L sides of differential
channel 1 are single-ended channels 1 and 2;
the H and L sides of differential channel 2 are
single-ended channels 3 and 4, etc. (The blue
single-ended channel numbers do NOT appear
on older wiring panels).

OV1.1.2 EXCITATION OUTPUTS

The terminals labeled E1, E2, and E3 are
precision, switched excitation outputs used to
supply programmable excitation voltages for
resistive bridge measurements. DC or AC
excitation at voltages between -2500 mV and
+2500 mV are user programmable (Section 9).

OV1.1.3 PULSE INPUTS

The terminals labeled P1 and P2 are the pulse
counter inputs for the CR10X. They are
programmable for high frequency pulse, low
level AC, or switch closure (Section 9,
Instruction 3).

OV1.1.4 DIGITAL I/O PORTS

OV1.1.5 ANALOG GROUND (AG)

The AG terminals are analog grounds, used as
the reference for single-ended measurements
and excitation return.

OV1.1.6 12V, POWER GROUND (G), AND
EARTH TERMINALS

The 12V and power ground (G) terminals are
used to supply 12V DC power to the datalogger.
The extra 12V and G terminals can be used to
connect other devices requiring unregulated
12V power.

CAUTION: The CR10X does not regulate the
voltage to the 12 V terminals. The 12 V
terminals are connected directly to the 12 V
power in terminal. Any voltage regulation must
be done by the power supply (Section 14).

The G terminals are also used to tie cable
shields to ground, and to provide a ground
reference for pulse counters and binary inputs.
The G terminals are directly connected to the
Earth terminal. For protection against transient
voltage spikes, Earth should be connected to a
good earth ground (Section 14.7.1).

OV1.1.7 5V OUTPUTS

The two 5V (±0.2%) outputs are commonly
used to power peripherals such as the QD1
Incremental Encoder Interface, AVW1 or AVW4
Vibrating Wire Interface.

The 5V outputs are common with pin 1 on the 9
pin serial connector; 200 mA is the maximum
combined output.

Terminals C1 through C8 are digital
Input/Output ports. On power-up they are
configured as input ports, commonly used for
reading the status of an external signal. High
and low conditions are: 3V < high < 5.5V; -0.5V
< low < 0.8V.

Configured as outputs the ports allow on/off
control of external devices. A port can be set
high (5V ± 0.1V), set low (<0.1V), toggled or
pulsed (Sections 3, 8.3, and 12).

Ports C6 through C8 can be configured as
pulse counters for switch closures (Section 9,
Instruction 3) or used to trigger subroutine
execution (Section 1.1.2).

OV-4

OV1.1.8 SERIAL I/O

The 9 pin serial I/O port contains lines for serial
communication between the CR10X and
external devices such as computers, printers,
Storage Modules, etc. This port does NOT

have the same configuration as the 9 pin
serial ports currently us ed on many personal
computers. It has a 5VDC power line which is

used to power peripherals such as the Storage
Modules or the DC112 Phone Modem. The
same 5VDC supply is used for the 5V outputs on
the lower terminal strip. Section 6 contains
technical details on serial communication.

OV1.1.9 SWITCHED 12 VOLT

The switched 12 volt output can be used to
power sensors or devices requiring an

CR10X OVERVIEW

unregulated 12 volts. The output is limited to
600 mA current.

A control port is used to operate the switch.
Connect a wire from the control port to the
switched 12 volt control port. When the port is
set high, the 12 volts is turned on; when the port
is low, the switched 12 volts is off (Section 8.12).

OV1.2 CONNECTING POWER TO THE CR10X

The CR10X can be powered by any 12VDC
source. The green power connector is a plug in
connector that allows the power supply to be
easily disconnected without unscrewing the
terminals. The Wiring Panel power connection
is reverse polarity protected. See Section 14 for
details on power supply connections.

CAUTION: The metal surfaces of the
CR10X Wiring Panel, and CR10KD
Keyboard Display are at the same potential
as power ground. To avoid shorting 12
volts to ground, connect the 12 volt lead
first, then connect the ground lead.

When primary power falls below 9.6 VDC for
one millisecond, the CR10X stops executing its
programs. The Low Voltage Counter (∗B
window 9) is incremented by one each time the
primary power falls below 9.6 VDC and E10 is
displayed on the CR10KD. A double dash (--) in
the 9th window of the ∗B mode indicates that
the CR10X is currently in a low primary power
mode. (Section 1.6)

Data Storage can be expanded with an optional
Flash EEPROM (Figure OV2.1-1). The use of
the Input, Intermediate, and Final Storage in the
measurement and data processing sequence is
shown in Figure OV2.1-2. The five areas of
SRAM are:

1. System Memory - used for overhead tasks
such as compiling programs, transferring
data, etc. The user cannot access this
memory.

2. Program Memory - available for user
entered programs.

3. Input Storage - Input Storage holds the
results of measurements or calculations.
The ∗6 Mode is used to view Input Storage
locations for checking current sensor
readings or calculated values. Input
Storage defaults to 28 locations. Additional
locations can be assigned using the ∗A
Mode.

4. Intermediate Storage - Certain Processing
Instructions and most of the Output
Processing Instructions maintain
intermediate results in Intermediate
Storage. Intermediate storage is
automatically accessed by the instructions
and cannot be accessed by the user. The
default allocation is 64 locations. The
number of locations can be changed using
the ∗A Mode.

The datalogger program and stored data remain
in memory, and the clock continues to keep
time when power is disconnected. The clock
and SRAM are powered by an internal lithium
battery.

OV2. MEMORY AND PROGRAMMING

CONCEPTS

OV2.1 INTERNAL MEMORY

The standard CR10X has 128 K of Flash
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory (EEPROM) and 128 K Static Random
Access Memory (SRAM). The Flash EEPROM
stores the operating system and user programs.
RAM is used for data and running the program.

5. Final Storage - Final processed values are
stored here for transfer to printer, solid state
Storage Module or for retrieval via
telecommunication links. Values are stored
in Final Storage only by the Output
Processing Instructions and only when the
Output Flag is set in the user’s program.
Approximately 62,000 locations are
allocated to Final Storage on power up.
This number is reduced if Input or
Intermediate Storage is increased.

While the total size of these three areas
remains constant, memory may be reallocated
between the areas to accommodate different
measurement and processing needs (∗A Mode,
Section 1.5).

OV-5

CR10X OVERVIEW

Flash Memory

(EEPROM)

Total 128 Kbytes

Operating System

(96 Kbytes)

Active Program

(16 Kbytes)

Stored Programs

(16 Kbytes)

How it works:

The Operating System is loaded into
Flash Memory at the factory. System
Memory is used while the CR10X is
running calculations, buffering data and
for general operating tasks.

Any time a user loads a program into
the CR10X, the program is compiled in
SRAM and stored in the Active
Program areas. If the CR10X is
powered off and then on, the Active
Program is loaded from Flash and run.

The Active Program is run in SRAM to
maximize speed. The program
accesses Input Storage and
Intermediate Storage and stores data
into Final Storage for later retrieval by
the user.

The Active Program can be copied into
the Stored Programs area. While 98
program "names" are available, the
number of programs stored is limited
by the available memory. Stored
programs can be retrieved to become
the active program. While programs
are stored one at a time, all stored
programs must be erased at once. That
is because the flash memory can only
be written to once before it must be
erased and can only be erased in 16
Kbytes blocks.

SRAM

Total 128 Kbytes

System Memory

(4096 Bytes)

Active Program

(default 2048 Bytes)

Input Storage

(default 28 locations,
112 bytes)

Intermediate Storage

(default 64 locations,
256 bytes)

Final Storage Area 1

(default 62,280
locations, 124,560
bytes)

Final Storage Area 2

(default 0 locations,
0 bytes)

Optional

Flash EEPROM

OV-6

With the Optional Flash Memory, up to
2 Mbytes of additional memory can be
added to increase Final Storage by
another 524,288 data values per
Mbyte. The user can allocate this extra
memory to any combination of Area 1
or Area 2.

(Memory Areas separated by dashed
lines:
can be re-sized by the user.)

FIGURE OV2.1-1. CR10X Memory

Final Storage Area 1

and/or

Final Storage Area 2

(Additional 524,288
locations per Mbyte)