BLE KEYFOB™
Hardware and
Installation Guide
Version 1.0.0
SEPTEMBER 1, 2015
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Regulatory Information
FCC Rules
Compliance Statement (Part 15.19)
The enclosed hardware device complies with the Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any
interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FCC ID: APV-FOB10
IC ID: 5843C-FOB10
M/N: FOB10-BL
Manufacture: CalAmp Corp.
Warning (Part 15.21)
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by CalAmp could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment. Manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized
modifications to this equipment.
Compliance Statement (Part15.105(b))
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by
one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Industry Canada (IC) regulatory information
This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s) . Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de
licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de
brouillage, et (2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le
brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement
CAN ICES-3 (B)/NMB-3(B)
Driver ID Keyfob system design
Table of contents
Driver ID Keyfob system design .......................................................................................................... 1
Key Fob button pushes ..................................................................................................................... 10
Button state machine ignoring debouncing ................................................................................. 10
button state coded as 2 bits ......................................................................................................... 10
Configuration for each button ...................................................................................................... 11
Event generation mask for each button coded as 1 byte ............................................................. 11
Keyfob configuration......................................................................................................................... 11
OTP (factory set configuration) ..................................................................................................... 12
Keyfob button timing diagrams for common scenarios. .................................................................. 12
Short press showing de-bouncing other buttons not pressed. .................................................... 12
LMU-FOB comms .............................................................................................................................. 13
Advertisement packet contents .................................................................................................... 13
Calamp Fob data contents ............................................................................................................ 13
Version letter encoding ................................................................................................................. 14
txpw contents ............................................................................................................................... 14
Scan response packet contents .................................................................................................... 15
Overview of Bluetooth Automatic Driver ID process ........................................................................ 15
State Machine for driver ID discovery .......................................................................................... 15
State Machine for Finding Fobs using Beeps and Buttons ............................................................ 15
Description .................................................................................................................................... 15
Sequence diagram of discovery of driver id when only one fob in range .................................... 18
Sequence Diagram of discovery of driver ID using buzzer and button ......................................... 19
Sequence diagram of connecting to a single fob to sound buzzer during driver id discovery ..... 20
Bluetooth LE services .................................................................................................................... 21
New PEG triggers .......................................................................................................................... 21
New Trigger modifiers................................................................................................................... 21
New PEG actions ........................................................................................................................... 22
Params .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Driver’s FOB Out-of-Range ................................................................................................................ 23
Over the Air Update .......................................................................................................................... 23
Format of Fob OTA ID report ............................................................................................................ 24
Work Breakdown .............................................................................................................................. 27
Build Process ................................................................................................................................. 27
Not pressed
00
Pre-short press
01
Short Press
10
Long Press
11
timeout repeat SP
timeout LP
timeout repeat LP
Button release
Button release
Tx Not pressed
Keyfob ........................................................................................................................................... 27
BTCS .............................................................................................................................................. 27
LMU ............................................................................................................................................... 27
Key Fob button pushes
Button state machine ignoring debouncing
Warning: Any key press event with time interval shorter than 1s is not going to be reliably received
by LMU FOB module when LMU BT driver is operating in Scan advert mode.
The state diagram below will only work if the KeyFob is connected to BTDB.
Button push
Not
Pressed
Tx Not pressed
Pre-short
press
timeout MinSP
Tx ShortPress
Tx Longpress
button state coded as 2 bits
The three buttons are bit coded into a single button state byte 0 0 b3 b3 b2 b2 b1 b1
Tx longpress
Tx Shortpress
Short Press Long Press
Configuration for each button
generate message on short press repeat timeout
00xxxx1x
generate message on short press release
00xxx1xx
generate message on long press timeout
00xx1xxx
generate message on long press release
001xxxxx
beacon interval
1ms 1 8750
beacon duration after keypress
1s 1 0 (always and forever)
in the LMU
Tx power
db 1 0
Button push LED blink
n/a 1 0x07 all 3 buttons cause blink
Config button 1 (see above)
n/a 1 0x3c
configuration units / bit size (bytes) default
Event Generation mask (see below) 1 00111100
Generate events on
releasing button from
short press & when long
pressed & keep
generating long press
events until button is
released.
Event generation mask for each button coded as 1 byte
description mask (top 2 bits are reserved)
generate message on min short press timeout 00xxxxx1
generate message on long press repeat timeout 00x1xxxx
Keyfob configuration
Stored on individual Keyfobs.
units / bit size (bytes) default
Short Press minimum 100ms 1 2
Short Press Repeat 100ms 1 2
Long Press time 100ms 1 15
Long Press Repeat 100ms 1 5
CID n/a 2 0xFFFF
(0xFFFF is special case and is
always processed) otherwise
this CID must match the CID
Low Battery LED blink % % 1 20
when pressed (0x0f if 4
buttons)
Config button 2 (see above) n/a 1 0x3c
Config button 3 (see above) n/a 1 0x3c
reserved (for 4th button) n/a 1 0x00
OTP (factory set configuration)
BT SIG)
tx power calibration
4 (1 for each available power
measured during ATE
Button 1
0 a b c d
Button 1
Button 2
0 a b c c c c d e
Description size (bytes) default
Cal Id 2 0xca1a (** to be confirmed by
level)
Keyfob button timing diagrams for common scenarios.
Short press showing de-bouncing other buttons not pressed.
0) Button is pushed at time zero.
a) After de-bouncing button is determined as pressed but no message is generated.
b) After ‘short press minimum time’ a short press event is generated and if configured a
message is broadcast with button state 0b00000010 and reason code 0b00010001.
c) After ‘short press repeat time’ a short press repeat event is generated and if configured a
message is generated with button state 0b00000010 and reason code 0b00010001.
d) After Button is released and de-bounced a button release event is generated and if
configured a message is generated with button state 0b00000000 and reason code
0b00110001
0) Button 1 is pushed
a) Button 2 is pushed before ‘short press minimum time’ for button 1. Because button 2 is
pushed before ‘short press minimum time’ Buttons 1 and 2 are now considered as grouped
for the purposes of the reason code.
b) Short press minimum time elapses on both button 1 and 2 if configured a message is
broadcast with button state 0b00010010 and a reason code of 0b00010011
c) The short press repeat time passes for buttons 1 and 2; if configured a message is generated
with button state 0b00001010 and a reason code of 0b00010011.
d) button 2 is released if configured a message is generated with button state 0b00000010 and
reason code 0b00110010
e) Button 1 is released if configured a message is generated with button state 0b00000000 and
reason code 0b00110001
0) Button 1 is pushed
defined in GAP
cal 2 Calamp manufacturer ID set by us
0xca1a (big endian)
Button 1
Button 2
0 a b b b b c d e f g h h i
calamp f ob data txpw
L F cal v ci d p fv c crc s r b a
a) Button 1 ‘short press minimum time’; a short press event is generated and if configured a
message is broadcast with button state 0b00000010 and reason code 0b00010001.
b) Button 1 ‘short press repeat time’; a short press repeat event is generated and if configured
a message is generated with button state 0b00000010 and reason code 0b00010001.
c) Button 2 ‘short press minimum time’; a short press event is generated and if configured a
message is broadcast with button state 0b00001010 and reason code 0b00010010.
d) Button 1+2 ‘short press repeat time’; a short press repeat event is generated and if
configured a message is generated with button state 0b00001010 and reason code
0b00010011.
e) Button 2 ‘released’; a button release event is generated and if configured a message is
generated with button state 0b00000010 and reason code 0b00110010
f) Button 1 ‘short press repeat time’; a short press repeat event is generated and if configured
a message is generated with button state 0b00000010 and reason code 0b00010001.
g) Button 1 ‘long press time’; a long press event is generated and if configured a message is
generated with button state 0b00000011 and reason code 0b00100001.
h) Button 1 ‘long press repeat time’; a long press repeat event is generated and if configured a
message is generated with button state 0b00000011 and reason code 0b00100001.
i) Button 1 ‘released’; a button release event is generated and if configured a message is
generated with button state 0b00000000 and reason code 0b00110000.
LMU-FOB comms
Advertisement packet contents
The advertisement consists of at least 2 parts from GAP specification, Manufacturer Specific Data
called ‘calamp fob data’; and Tx Power Level called txpw.
Calamp Fob data contents
note: now using the MAC address as the fob ID.
size (bytes) Description default
L 1 length of this data 0x10
F 1 Manufacturer Specific Data as
to distinguish our devices
0xff
TBC
v 1 version of this message
0x01
cid 2 Set by customer/provisioning to
c 1 configuration version
pressed
above)
b 1 battery state (%)
0x64 100%
version letter
bb for low area
bb for high area
‘a’
0x00
0x01
‘b’
0x02
0x03
‘c’
0x04
0x05
......
size (bytes)
Description
default
L 1 length of this data
2
L P p
0x0000
allow a single customer to
differentiate their devices from
the mass.
p 1 App id;for the keyfob this is 0x01 0x01
fv 2 Version of keyfob firmware
running on the keyfob.
0xnnbb (big endian)
nn coded as packed
binary coded decimal
bb is version letter
and running area (see
below)
0x1308 is version
“1.3e” running from
low area
crc 2 crc of the keyfob configuration
N/A
(defined above) that will include
CID, button config etc . Actual crc
polynomial TBD. This is to be used
to determine if the configuration
is as expected.
s 1 button state (see above) 0x00 no buttons
r 1 advertisement old button state
0x00 beacon
captured in previous time slot(see
a 1 RSSI @ 1 metre taking into
n/a
account tx power level
Version letter encoding
‘d’ 0x06 0x07
‘y’ 0x30 0x31
‘z’ 0x32 0x33
txpw contents
P 1 Tx power as defined in GAP 0x0a
p 1 transmitted power of this 0xf6 (-10dB) **TBD
advertisement (db)
Scan response packet contents
Finding
PEG trigger
PEG Action
Out of Range or
PEG Action
May contain uuids of services, name and any other static data.
Overview of Bluetooth Automatic Driver ID process
State Machine for driver ID discovery
Idle
Not Found
PEG Trigger
To mitigate contention where a FOB is in range of several LMUs the LMU will only look for FOBs
when the PEG script executes PEG action.
State Machine for Finding Fobs using Beeps and Buttons
Fob
connected
Driver Fob
Fob Found
PEG Trigger
Description
• LMU is asleep saving power
• Key Fob(s) transmitting beacons (advertisement packets) every 10 seconds.
• Driver turns key in ignition (and wakes LMU)
• Peg ignition trigger causes Peg BT_KEYFOB_DISCOVER action (TBD) for
Comment [n1]:
BT_KEYFOB_DISCOVER_TIME (configurable TBD) time.
• BT middleware starts discovery
• BT middleware populates discovered devices list including FOB ID and RSSI and TxPwr for all
calamp keyfobs that match the BT_KEYFOB_CID (configurable 0-FFFE standard CID, FFFF is
special case).
• BT middleware stops discovery after BT_KEYFOB_DISCOVER_TIME timeout
• BT middleware calculates path attenuation for all discovered keyfobs based on RSSI and
TxPwr.
o If a single KeyFob has (config TBD) smaller path attenuation [BT_KEYFOB_PATHATT]
than all others, that key fob is selected as the driver’s fob.
o If a single KeyFob has advertised a button push that key fob is selected as the
driver’s fob.
o Otherwise a set of candidate fobs is created from those fobs within
BT_KEYFOB_PATHATT of the least attenuated.
if configured with BT_KEYFOB_USE_FOB_RSSI (config TBD) BT middleware
connects in turn to each candidate fob and uses a config/control service to
measure the RSSI at the fob
• If a single KeyFob measures the RSSI with a
6dB/BT_KEYFOB_PATHATT less than all the rest this fob is selected
as the driver’s fob.
otherwise if configured with BT_KEYFOB_USE_FOB_BUTT (config TBD) BT
Middleware connects to each candidate fob and requests the buzzer to
sound for TBD on bench, start with 200) ms. BT middleware waits for
BT_KEYFOB_QUERY_DRIVER_TIMEOUT (config TBD) for a button press
response from the driver.
• if button defined in BT_KEYFOB_USE_FOB_BUTT is received from a
single fob, this fob is selected as the drivers fob
otherwise the driver’s fob is set to null.
• if driver’s fob is non null
o BT Middleware invokes PEG TRIG_BLE_FOB (already used) trigger with a button code
(TBD) as the modifier; having populated (config TBD) ACC_BLE_RSSI_HILO (already
used) accumulator with RSSI and ACC_BLE_FOB_BATT (config TBD) (already used)
with battery status.
o BT Middleware invokes DID_DriverId_Event()(already used) with FOB ID (not MAC
address) as the driver’s ID
o BT Middleware connects to Drivers fob and connects to the ‘button notification’
service; the ‘LED’ service; the ‘Buzzer’ service; and the ‘Configuration’ service.
o button notification service provides the button state and reason codes as per
advertisement packet.
o while connected PEG actions ACT_KEYFOB_BUZZ (config TBD) cause BT-middleware
to connect to the buzzer service(TBD) and sound the buzzer according to the
modifier (TBD)
Optional for phase 2
o while connected PEG actions ACT_KEYFOB_LED (config TBD) cause BT-middleware to
connect to the led service(TBD) and sound the buzzer according to the modifier
(TBD)
o While connected BT-middleware connects to config service(config TBD) and ota
management service(config TBD) and constructs a PULS ID report with the fob id as
the unique identifier and the LMU id as an agent(TBD).
o If required LMU will download new config or firmware for fob.
the BT-middleware will contact the config service to update the config as
necessary
the BT-middleware will contact the OTA service and update firmware as
necessary
the BT-middleware will restart the fob firmware using the keyfob
control(TBD) service
Note: no settings changes take effect without reset. Reset drops the
connection.
o BT-Middleware monitors the connection. If the connection drops BT-middleware
invokes PEG TRIG_BLE_FOB (already used) trigger and DID_DriverId_Event()(already
used)
Sequence diagram of discovery of driver id when only one fob in range
Sequence Diagram of discovery of driver ID using buzzer and button
Sequence diagram of connecting to a single fob to sound buzzer during driver id discovery
Service Name
Attribute Name
r/w
size (bytes)
notes
LED New custom primary service
pattern
r/w 3 Characteristic that defines the blink
advertisement packet
Config/control
New custom primary service
Config
r/w
16
read write fob configuration
reset w 1
write to reset keyfob
RSSI r 8
RSSI of connection to LMU
TBC
Trigger
Modifier
Description
PEG TRIG_BLE_FOB
PEG_MOD_FOB_BUTTON
Existing trigger new modifier
Bluetooth LE services
pattern 1st byte on time; 2nd byte off
rd
time; 3
byte blink pattern least
significant bit first is shifted to the
LED; bit 1 implies on; LED turned off
at end of pattern
Buzzer New custom primary service
pattern r/w 3 as above
Button New custom primary service
button r 2 1st byte is the button state; 2nd byte is
the reason code identical to the
OverAir
existing TI service
download
New PEG triggers
New Trigger modifiers
Modifier Description
PEG_MOD_FOB_BUTTON TBD probably the reason code
from advertisement with extra
for ‘fob out-of-range’ value
ACT_BT _LISTSEND
0NONE
send list of discovered keyfobs to server in
BT_KEYFOB_CID
16
filter for customer’s keyfobs default (0x0000)
by at least this configured amount
BT_KEYFOB_QUERY_DRIVER_TIMEOUT
8
1s/bit wait for this long to see button press
ACC_BLE_FOB_BATT
8
configure which accumulator holds battery
Comment [n2]:
Comment [n3]:
have new accumulator type BLE_RSSI.
New PEG actions
Action Modifier Description
ACT_BT_KEYFOB 0 – DISCOVER/CONNECT
Start discovery for a period of time
1 – HUP
ACT_KEYFOB_OUTPUT B7-b6:
an app message
beep buzzer count (up to 4) times
Output Dest
0 – LED
1 – BUZZER
B5-b4:
Pattern
0 – Slow 1Hz
1 – Fast 5Hz
B3-b0:
count
None disconnect FOB
Params
size (bits) Desc
BT_KEYFOB_DISCOVER_TIME 16 Discovery time period (30)
BT_KEYFOB_PATHATT 8 a single keyfob needs to have a greater RSSI
than all other discovered keyfobs; exceeding
BT_KEYFOB_MODE
8 9 = USE_FOB_RSSI
10 = USE_FOB_BUTT
configuration and have two enumerations for F OB
use, 1 for Use FOB RSSI and 1 for Use FOB BUTT
Use Existing Bluetooth Mode
BT_KEYFOB_USE_FOB_BUTT 8 0-3 configures which button on the fob is
ACC_BLE_RSSI_HILO
designated as the driver’s response button
8 configure which accumulator holds RSSI of
driver’s fob
status of driver’s fob
NF check understa nding. Should
Comment [n4]: As per comment above.
Driver’s FOB Out-of-Range
‘Disconnect’ from BTCS is used to signal to LMU that driver’s ID is no longer valid.
option 1) New/existing Peg trigger to allow peg to decide to rescan () and send a logoff message to
server.
option 2) If Ignition is still on, rescan automatically and follow driver ID discovery process.
option 3) Both of the above
Over the Air Update
Note that it is possible that a different fob could be connected after an OTA upgrade, and so the next
ID report for the upgraded fob will not be until the next time it is used.
Generated (https://www.websequencediagrams.com/#
For Style: use “Plain UML” style.
title OTA Sequence
Fob->LMU: Advertisement Packet with Fob version
note right of LMU: Connection algorithm determines\nthat it should connect to this Fob
LMU->Fob: Connect
):
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