Cabletron Systems SmartSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27 User Manual

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SmartSTACK ETHERNET

ELS10-27 USER GUIDE

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

COM

PWR

CPU

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

TX ACT FDX MON

RX COL 100 USR

LINK

STATUS

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

LINK

STATUS

LINK

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

STATUS

LINK

25X 26X 27X

EPIM100

LINK

STATUS

9032800-01

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NOTICE

Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in speciﬁcations and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made.

The hardware, ﬁrmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice. IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL,

INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF CABLETRON SYSTEMS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF, KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.



Order Number: 9032800-01 May 1999

Cabletron Systems, SPECTRUM ELS10-27TX, FEPIM, FEPIM-TX,

All other product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

, and

and

LANVIEW

FEPIM-FX

are registered trademarks and

are trademarks of Cabletron Systems, Inc.

SmartSTACK,

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Notice

FCC NOTICE

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

NOTE:

device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment uses, generates, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in accordance with the operator’s manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

WARNING:

party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital

Changes or modiﬁcations made to this device which are not expressly approv ed by the

INDUSTRY CANADA NOTICE

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.

VCCI NOTICE

This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used in a domestic environment, radio disturbance may arise. When such trouble occurs, the user may be required to take corrective actions.

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Notice

CABLETRON SYSTEMS, INC.

PROGRAM LICENSE AGREEMENT

IMPORTANT: THIS LICENSE APPLIES FOR USE OF PR ODUCT IN THE FOLLOWING

GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS:

CANADA MEXICO CENTRAL AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA

BEFORE OPENING OR UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, CAREFULLY READ THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT.

This document is an agreement (“Agreement”) between You, the end user, and Cabletron Systems, Inc. (“Cabletron”) that sets forth your rights and obligations with respect to the Cabletron software program (“Program”) in the package. The Program may be contained in ﬁrmware, chips or other media. UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, WHICH INCLUDES THE LICENSE AND THE LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNOPENED PRODUCT TO CABLETRON OR YOUR DEALER, IF ANY, WITHIN TEN (10) DAYS FOLLO WING THE DATE OF RECEIPT FOR A FULL REFUND.

IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS AGREEMENT, CONTACT CABLETRON SYSTEMS (603) 332-9400. Attn: Legal Department.

1. LICENSE.

package subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. You may not copy, reproduce or transmit any part of the Program except as permitted by the

2. OTHER RESTRICTIONS.

Program.

3. APPLICABLE LAW.

laws and in the state and federal courts of New Hampshire. You accept the personal jurisdiction and venue of the New Hampshire courts.

4. EXPORT REQUIREMENTS.

regulation by agencies of the U.S. Government, including the U.S. Department of Commerce, which prohibit export or diversion of certain technical products to certain countries, unless a license to export the product is obtained from the U.S. Government or an exception from obtaining such license may be relied upon by the exporting party.

If the Program is exported from the United States pursuant to the License Exception CIV under the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, You agree that You are a civil end user of the Program and agree that You will use the Program for civil end uses only and not for military purposes.

You have the right to use only the one (1) copy of the Program provided in this

You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the

This License Agreement shall be interpreted and governed under the

You understand that Cabletron and its Affiliates are subject to

iii

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Notice

If the Program is exported from the United States pursuant to the License Exception TSR under

the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, in addition to the restriction on transfer set forth in Sections 1 or 2 of this Agreement, You agree not to (i) reexport or release the Program, the source code for the Program or technology to a national of a country in Country Groups D:1 or E:2 (Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cuba, Estonia, Georgia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Moldova, North Korea, the People’s Republic of China, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, or such other countries as may be designated by the United States Government), (ii) export to Country Groups D:1 or E:2 (as deﬁned herein) the direct product of the Program or the technology, if such foreign produced direct product is subject to national security controls as identiﬁed on the U.S. Commerce Control List, or (iii) if the direct product of the technology is a complete plant o r any major component of a plant, export to Country Groups D:1 or E:2 the direct product of the plant or a major component thereof, if such foreign produced direct product is subject to national security controls as identiﬁed on the U.S. Commerce Control List or is subject to State Department controls under the U.S. Munitions List.

5. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS.

was developed solely at private expense; (ii) contains “restricted computer software” submitted with restricted rights in accordance with section 52.227-19 (a) through (d) of the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights Clause and its successors, and (iii) in all respects is proprietary data belonging to Cabletron and/or its suppliers. For Department of Defense units, the Product is considered commercial computer software in accordance with DFARS section 227.7202-3 and its successors, and use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions set forth herein.

6. EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY.

writing, Cabletron makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including its documentation and media).

CABLETRON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OTHER THAN THOSE SUPPLIED TO

YOU BY CABLETRON IN WRITING, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THE PROGRAM, THE ACCOMPANYING WRITTEN MATERIALS, AND ANY A CCOMPANYING HARDWARE.

7. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.

CABLETRON OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR RELIANCE DAMAGES, OR OTHER LOSS) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS CABLETRON PRODUCT, EVEN IF CABLETRON HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. BECAUSE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, OR IN THE DURATION OR LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES IN SOME INSTANCES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION AND EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in

IN NO EVENT SHALL

The enclosed Product (i)

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Notice

CABLETRON SYSTEMS SALES AND SERVICE, INC.

PROGRAM LICENSE AGREEMENT

IMPORTANT: THIS LICENSE APPLIES FOR USE OF PRODUCT IN THE UNITED

STATES OF AMERICA AND BY UNITED STATES OF AMERICA GOVERNMENT END USERS.

BEFORE OPENING OR UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, CAREFULLY READ THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT.

This document is an agreement (“Agreement”) between You, the end user, and Cabletron Systems Sales and Service, Inc. (“Cabletron”) that sets forth your rights and obligations with respect to the Cabletron software program (“Program”) in the package. The Program may be contained in ﬁrmware, chips or other media. UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, WHICH INCLUDES THE LICENSE AND THE LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNOPENED PRODUCT TO CABLETRON OR YOUR DEALER, IF ANY, WITHIN TEN (10) DAYS FOLLOWING THE DATE OF RECEIPT FOR A FULL REFUND.

IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS AGREEMENT, CONTACT CABLETRON SYSTEMS (603) 332-9400. Attn: Legal Department.

1. LICENSE.

package subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. You may not copy, reproduce or transmit any part of the Program except as permitted by the

2. OTHER RESTRICTIONS.

Program.

3. APPLICABLE LAW.

laws and in the state and federal courts of New Hampshire. You accept the personal jurisdiction and venue of the New Hampshire courts.

4. EXPORT REQUIREMENTS.

You have the right to use only the one (1) copy of the Program provided in this

You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the

This License Agreement shall be interpreted and governed under the

You understand that Cabletron and its Affiliates are subject to

Page 8

Notice

If the Program is exported from the United States pursuant to the License Exception TSR under

5. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS.

6. EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY.

writing, Cabletron makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including its documentation and media).

CABLETRON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OTHER THAN THOSE SUPPLIED TO

7. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.

Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in

IN NO EVENT SHALL

The enclosed Product (i)

Page 9

Notice

CABLETRON SYSTEMS LIMITED

PROGRAM LICENSE AGREEMENT

IMPORTANT: THIS LICENSE APPLIES FOR THE USE OF THE PRODUCT IN THE

FOLLOWING GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS:

EUROPE MIDDLE EAST AFRICA ASIA AUSTRALIA PACIFIC RIM

BEFORE OPENING OR UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, CAREFULLY READ THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT.

This document is an agreement (“Agreement”) between You, the end user, and Cabletron Systems Limited (“Cabletron”) that sets forth your rights and obligations with respect to the Cabletron software program (“Program”) in the package. The Program may be contained in ﬁrmware, chips or other media. UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, WHICH INCLUDES THE LICENSE AND THE LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNOPENED PRODUCT TO CABLETRON OR YOUR DEALER, IF ANY, WITHIN TEN (10) DAYS FOLLOWING THE DATE OF RECEIPT FOR A FULL REFUND.

IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS AGREEMENT, CONTACT CABLETRON SYSTEMS (603) 332-9400. Attn: Legal Department.

1. LICENSE.

package subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. You may not copy, reproduce or transmit any part of the Program except as permitted by the

2. OTHER RESTRICTIONS.

Program.

3. APPLICABLE LAW.

law. The English courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in the event of any disputes.

4. EXPORT REQUIREMENTS.

You have the right to use only the one (1) copy of the Program provided in this

You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the

This License Agreement shall be governed in accordance with English

You understand that Cabletron and its Affiliates are subject to

vii

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Notice

If the Program is exported from the United States pursuant to the License Exception TSR under

5. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS.

6. EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY.

writing, Cabletron makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including its documentation and media).

CABLETRON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OTHER THAN THOSE SUPPLIED TO

NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL

Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in

The enclosed Product (i)

viii

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DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Notice

Application of Council Directive(s):

Manufacturer’s Name:

Manufacturer’ s Address:

European Representative Name:

European Representative Address:

Conformance to Directive(s)/Product Standards:

Equipment Type/Environment:

89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC

Cabletron Systems, Inc. 35 Industrial Way

PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03867

Mr. J. Solari Cabletron Systems Limited

Nexus House, Newbury Business Park London Road, Newbury Berkshire RG13 2PZ, England

EC Directive 89/336/EEC EC Directive 73/23/EEC EN 55022 EN 50082-1 EN 60950

Networking Equipment, for use in a Commercial or Light Environment.

Industrial

We the undersigned, hereby declare, under our sole responsibility, that the equipment packaged with this notice conforms to the above directives.

Manufacturer Legal Representative in Europe Mr. Ronald Fotino Mr. J. Solari

___________________________________ ___________________________________

Full Name Full Name Compliance Engineering Manager Managing Director - E.M.E.A.

___________________________________ ___________________________________

Title Title Rochester, NH, USA Newbury, Berkshire, England

___________________________________ ___________________________________

Location Location

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Notice

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 About This Manual..................................................................................1-1

1.2 Getting Help .............................................................................................1-2

1.3 Document Conventions ..........................................................................1-3

1.4 Related Documentation...........................................................................1-4

1.5 Overview...................................................................................................1-4

1.5.1 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Architecture..........................1-5

1.5.2 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Functionality ........................1-5

1.5.3 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Bridge Address Table........1-10

1.5.4 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Port Mirroring....................1-11

1.5.5 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Sample Applications .........1-12

1.5.6 VLANs..........................................................................................1-13

1.5.7 Configuration Commands..........................................................1-15

1.6 Local Console Manager.........................................................................1-16

1.6.1 Command Syntax Conventions.................................................1-17

CHAPTER 2 UNPACKING AND INSTALLING YOUR

SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

2.1 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Front Panel......................................2-2

2.1.1 Indicators ........................................................................................2-4

2.2 Installing an EPIM ...................................................................................2-5

2.3 Installing the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27...................................2-6

2.4 Checking the Power-up Diagnostics Sequence ...................................2-8

2.5 Connecting the Local Console Manager...............................................2-9

2.6 Connecting To the Network .................................................................2-10

2.6.1 Connecting UTP Cables ..............................................................2-10

2.6.2 Connecting a Multimode Segment to the EPIM100-FX .........2-12

CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURING YOUR

SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

3.1 Assigning IP Addresses ..........................................................................3-2

3.1.1 IP Address Configuration.............................................................3-2

3.1.2 Displaying IP Addresses...............................................................3-4

3.1.3 Deleting an IP Address .................................................................3-5

3.1.4 Changing a Subnet Mask..............................................................3-5

3.1.5 Setting the Default Gateway ........................................................3-5

3.2 Operational Image ...................................................................................3-6

3.3 IGMP..........................................................................................................3-7

3.4 Enabling Bridging ....................................................................................3-9

3.5 Disabling Bridging...................................................................................3-9

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Contents

3.6 Displaying Bridging Functions ............................................................3-10

3.7 Enabling Trunking .................................................................................3-10

3.8 Disabling Trunking................................................................................3-12

3.9 Displaying Trunking Status..................................................................3-12

3.10 Port Mirroring.......................................................................................3-14

3.11 Defining and Deleting Workgroups..................................................3-14

3.12 Assigning a ComMunity Name .........................................................3-16

3.13 Configuring Broadcast/Multicast Storm Protection.......................3-17

3.14 Modifying MIB Variables....................................................................3-17

3.15 System Contact .....................................................................................3-18

3.16 System Name ........................................................................................3-18

3.16.1 System Location .........................................................................3-18

3.16.2 Community Names....................................................................3-19

3.16.3 Aging Parameter ........................................................................3-19

CHAPTER 4 MONITORING AND MANAGING YOUR

SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

4.1 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Management Tools ........................4-1

4.2 MIB Support..............................................................................................4-2

4.3 RMON Support ........................................................................................4-2

4.3.1 RMON High Level Description ...................................................4-3

4.3.2 RMON Details ................................................................................4-5

4.4 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Statistics...........................................4-6

4.4.1 Gathering Statistics ........................................................................4-7

4.4.2 System Statistics .............................................................................4-7

4.4.3 Ethernet Port Statistics ..................................................................4-8

4.5 Using LCM to Check SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 .....................4-8

4.5.1 Displaying Status ...........................................................................4-9

4.5.2 Displaying MAC Addresses.......................................................4-10

4.5.3 Displaying Manufacturing Information ...................................4-12

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Contents

CHAPTER 5 SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

DIAGNOSTICS AND TROUBLESHOOTING

5.1 Power-up Diagnostics .............................................................................5-1

5.1.1 Power-up LED Sequence ..............................................................5-1

5.1.2 Specific Power-up Tests ................................................................5-2

5.1.3 Power-up Diagnostics Results .....................................................5-2

5.2 Responses to Failures at Power-up .......................................................5-2

5.3 Status and Activity Indicators................................................................5-3

5.4 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................5-5

5.5 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Does Not Power Up.......................5-5

5.5.1 Connectivity Problems..................................................................5-5

5.5.2 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Has Rebooted .......................5-5

5.5.3 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Does Not Respond

to NMS............................................................................................5-6

APPENDIX A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

A.1 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Specifications................................A-1

A.2 Serial Cable Pin Assignments ..............................................................A-3

A.3 10BASE-T Pin Assignments..................................................................A-4

A.4 Straight-through Wiring .......................................................................A-5

A.5 Crossover Wiring...................................................................................A-5

A.6 5 - 4 - 3 Rule.............................................................................................A-6

A.7 EPIM-100FX ............................................................................................A-6

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Contents

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This manual is for system administrators responsible for conÞguring, monitoring, and maintaining the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27TX (also referred to as ELS10-27). You should have a familiarity with networking concepts and principles. In addition, a basic understanding of SNMP is helpful.

Some SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 conÞgurations can only be done using an SNMP-based Network Management System (NMS). Where applicable, this manual provides instructions for using the Local Console Manager (LCM) to perform basic conÞguration. Where it is not possible to use LCM, general instructions and guidelines applicable to most NMSs are provided.

The contents of each chapter are described below.

¥ Chapter 1,

provides an overview of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27Õs switching functions, applications, and the Local Console Manager (LCM).

¥ Chapter 2,

ELS10-27

panels, how to install the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, how to connect the Local Console Manager (LCM), and how to connect the ELS10-27 to the network.

¥ Chapter 3,

provides instructions for conÞguring the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 using the Local Console Manager (LCM). It also provides some common Management Information Base (MIB) variables you may want to change.

¥ Chapter 4,

ELS10-27

status and statistics. It also describes how to manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Ethernet ports using the Local Console Manager (LCM).

Introduction

Unpacking and Installing Your SmartSTACK Ethernet

, describes the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 front and rear

Configuring Your SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

Monitoring and Managing Your SmartSTACK Ethernet

, describes how to monitor SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

, outlines the contents of this manual and

1-1

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Introduction

¥ Chapter 5,

Troubleshooting

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Diagnostics and

, describes the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 diagnostics and provides information on troubleshooting common problems.

¥ Appendix A,

Technical Specifications

, provides the SmartSTACK

Ethernet ELS10-27 speciÞcations and basic cabling pin assignments.

Index

provides a glossary of terms speciÞc to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 and the page(s) on which they are explained within this manual.

1.2 GETTING HELP

For additional support related to this device or document, contact Cabletron Systems using one of the following methods:

World Wide Web http://www .cabletron.com/ Phone (603) 332-9400 Internet mail [email protected] FTP ftp://ftp.cabletron.com/

To send comments or suggestions concerning this document, contact the Cabletron Systems Technical Writing Department via the following email address:

Make sure to include the document Part Number in the email message.

[email protected]

anonymous your email address

Before calling Cabletron Systems, have the following information ready:

¥ Your Cabletron Systems service contract number

¥ A description of the failure

¥ A description of any action(s) already taken to resolve the problem

(e.g., changing mode switches, rebooting the unit, etc.)

¥ The serial and revision numbers of all involved Cabletron Systems

products in the network

¥ A description of your network environment (layout, cable type, etc.)

1-2

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Introduction

¥ Network load and frame size at the time of trouble (if known)

¥ The device history (i.e., have you returned the device before, is this a

recurring problem, etc.)

¥ Any previous Return Material Authorization (RMA) numbers

1.3 DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS

The following conventions are used throughout this document:

LCM commands, prompts, and information displayed by the computer appear in Courier typeface, for example:

Current Number of Learned Addresses: 133

Information that you enter appears in Courier bold typeface, for example:

ELS10-27 >

status

Information that you need to enter with a command is enclosed in angle brackets < >. For example, you must enter an IP address to execute the

ipaddr <IP address>

ELS10-27 >

command:

ipaddr 192.138.217.40

Field value options appear in bold typeface.

The following conventions are also used in this document:

Note:

Calls the readerÕs attention to any item of information that may be of special importance.

Tip:

Caution:

Warning:

Conveys helpful hints concerning procedures or actions.

Contains information essential to avoid damage to the equipment.

Warns against an action that could result in equipment damage, personal injury or death.

1-3

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Introduction

1.4 RELATED DOCUMENTATION

The following documentation may assist the user in using this product:

Interconnections, Bridges and Routers,

Radia Perlman, Addison Wesley ©

1992.

Internetworking with TCP/IP: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture

(2nd

The Simple Book, An Introduction to Management of TCP/IP-based internets

, Marshall T. Rose, Prentice Hall © Second Edition, 1994.

1.5 OVERVIEW

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 provides a low cost, high performance solution for 10/100 Mbps switched networks. The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27TX is conÞgured with twenty-seven RJ45 ports supporting twenty-four autonegotiating 10 Mbps ports and three autonegotiating 10/100 Mbps ports. The device also features two EPIM100 slots that allow the user to install up to two EPIM-100s to provide multimode Þber uplinks (with potential for single mode Þber). It also includes an RS232C port for out-of-band management.

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

COM

LINK

STATUS

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

RX COL 100 USR

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

EPIM100

LINK

STATUS

Figure 1-1. SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Front Panel

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27:

¥ Provides dedicated bandwidth for each network connected to its ports.

¥ Provides full store and forward bridging functionality.

¥ Provides complete error checking functionality.

1-4

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Introduction

¥ Provides port trunking to increase bandwidth.

¥ Provides a user selectable monitor port for enhanced troubleshooting.

¥ Supports Auto-negotiation.

¥ Operates in either Half Duplex or Full Duplex modes on all ports.

¥ Implements the Spanning Tree protocol (802.1D).

¥ ConÞgured with factory-set defaults for immediate plug-and-play

capability (IP address is not conÞgured at factory).

In addition, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 offers the following features that can help you manage and maintain your network:

¥ RMON support

¥ ConÞguration and management using the Simple Network

Management Protocol (SNMP) with either an in-band or out-of-band connection.

¥ Protection against broadcast/multicast storms.

¥ Ability to deÞne virtual workgroups for more efÞcient bandwidth

usage. The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 ports can be segmented into 8 separate domains.

¥ Compilation of statistics, including Broadcast and Unicast (by port) for

trafÞc generated to a SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 segment.

1.5.1 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Architecture

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 supports all standard Ethernet-toEthernet bridging functions, has (24) 10 Mbps IEEE 802.3/Ethernet full duplex 10Base-T ports, (3) standard 10/100 Mbps TX full duplex Fast Ethernet ports, and (2) optional 100BaseFX full or half duplex Þber EPIM ports.

1.5.2 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Functionality

¥ Support IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol for MAC Bridges.

A 2K entry Filtering Database with learning and aging of entries.

1-5

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Introduction

¥ Per Ethernet and Fast Ethernet port packet buffer supporting (1,061)

128-byte packets or (88) 1518-byte packets per port.

¥ Per switch packet buffering is (28,672) 128-byte packets and (2,389)

1518-byte packets.

Two modes of operation are supported, 802.1D and 802.1Q. These are mutually exclusive.

Provide store and forward capability with the ability to switch to fragment free cut-through (starts forwarding after Þrst 128 bytes received) on a per system basis. Autonegotiation on all ports for full or half duplex mode. Autonegotiation of 10/100 Mbps for Fast Ethernet ports.

Two forms of ßow control are supported.

¥ In full duplex mode, 802.3x pause frames are supported.

¥ In half duplex mode, back pressure is supported.

Broadcast storm control on a per port basis will limit transmissions.

Local port mirroring of all ports for valid frames on both Rx and Tx using a user selectable mirror port or MAC address based mirroring.

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 offers two basic methods to conÞgure the IP address for the device. These two methods are BOOTP and LCM.

¥ The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 utilizes the BOOTP protocol to

obtain an IP Address that may be used by this unit.

¥ ConÞguration via LCM of the device IP address and Default Gateway

The Operational Image is maintained by use of TFTP in conjunction with BOOTP.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 acts as an IP Multicast Þlter by snooping IGMP messages, IP Multicast UDP messages and other IPM routing messages.

Two forms of VLANs will be supported.

¥ Virtual Workgroup support. Up to 8 workgroups may be conÞgured,

with up to 27 ports in a workgroup. These conÞgurable broadcast/multicast/unicast Þltering parameters for the Virtual Workgroup feature are only supported in 802.1D mode.

1-6

Page 23

Introduction

¥ IEEE 802.1Q is a standard for virtual bridged local area networks

(VLANs). Thirty-two simultaneous VLANs are supported.

Support RMON Ethernet Statistics, Alarms, Events, and History group.

Network interfaces supported.

¥ All twisted pair copper ports are RJ-45 with internal crossover.

¥ The device has two uplink slots which support a single interface module each. Each interface supports one EPIM-100FX. The interface module is user installable and is hot-swappable. Use of an EPIM in the uplink slot disables one of the Þxed 10/100 Mbps ports.

Several forms of user interface are available for conÞguration and/or statistics monitoring.

¥ Local Console Management (LCM)

¥ Up to 4 simultaneous Telnet sessions are supported.

Telnet, and SNMP can be accessed by either the out-of-band COM port via PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) or any in-band Ethernet port.

Non-volatile memory is provided to store all user modiÞable conÞguration parameters.

Upload and download of conÞguration parameters:

A system reset button is provided on the front panel. The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 will supply port level and system level information via front panel LEDs. Each port has a Link LED and a function LED. The EPIM-100FX has a single green LED which indicates link. When an EPIM is in use the function indicator for one of the Þxed ports is used to indicate the status of the corresponding EPIM.

Serial Number/Revision IdentiÞcation is displayed within the user interfaces.

Watchdog timer feature.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 enables you to link two or more Local Area Networks (LANs) together. To accomplish this, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 regulates network trafÞc on the basis of the source and destination addresses that are in each data packet it receives.

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Introduction

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is protocol-transparent, meaning it can handle different types of network trafÞc regardless of the network protocol, such as IP and IPX. As the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 reads addresses from the packets it processes, it builds a dynamic database of addresses called the

Bridge Address Table

. In this way, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 continuously learns the addresses of all connected devices. Consequently, you can add new devices to the network, change device addresses, and remove devices from the network without having to reconÞgure the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

The Open System Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model, developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), identiÞes the levels of functionality inherent in each of its seven layers. The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 operates at the Media Access Control (MAC) sub-layer of the Data Link layer.

Application Presentation

6 5

Session Transport

4 3

Network

Data Link

Physical

Figure 1-2. OSI Reference Model

ELS10-27 operates at Layer 2

Because the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 does not process any Network Layer information, it provides a high level of performance in terms of packet throughput. In addition, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 does not need to learn network topology, requiring less programming and conÞguration time.

Store and Forward Switching

As an intelligent Ethernet switch, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 uses store and forward switching. Store and forward switching allows the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 to temporarily store packets until network resources, typically an unused link, are available for forwarding.

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Introduction

This allows for complete error checking, and limits the amount of time between a device request access to the network, and permission to transmit. In addition, full store and forward switching ensures data integrity; preventing network error conditions from being generated throughout the network.

Discarding Local Trafﬁc

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 checks all incoming packets for the destination address against the Bridge Address Table. If a packetÕs destination address is not on the same network segment as the originating packet, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 forwards the packet to the network segment associated with that destination address, if known. However, if the packetÕs source and destination addresses are on the same network segment, known as local trafÞc, the packet is automatically discarded (i.e., ignored by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27).

For example, a Þle transmitted from Workstation A, to Workstation C, in Figure 1-3, does not need to leave LAN 1. The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 connected to LANs 1 and 2 sees all trafÞc from LAN 1, including LAN 1 local trafÞc.

ELS10-27

LAN 1

LAN 2

ABC

Figure 1-3. Typical Switching Application

By forwarding only packets addressed to devices on other network segments, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 reduces unnecessary trafÞc and thereby enhances the overall performance of the network.

Note: If the packet address is not found in the Bridge Address Table, it will be

forwarded (flooded) to all network segments.

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Introduction

Spanning T ree Algorithm

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 supports the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree algorithm. The Spanning Tree algorithm converts multiple LANs into a Òspanning treeÓ of networks. It is used to prevent bridging loops. This standard deÞnes a logical (not physical) network conÞguration consisting of one extended LAN without active duplicate paths between spanning tree bridges.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, along with other IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree compliant bridges in the network, dynamically conÞgure the network topology into a single Spanning Tree by exchanging Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs). Typically, each LAN segment is sent one BPDU every two seconds (this is the default setting).

When there are multiple SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s connecting LANs in a loop, the Spanning Tree algorithm determines which SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 should forward packets to the LAN. If there is a cable break or a port failure, the network topology is automatically reconÞgured by the Spanning Tree protocol to create an alternate path to the LAN.

1.5.3 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Bridge Address

Table

In 802.1D mode, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 creates and maintains a dynamic database of addresses called the Bridge Address Table. The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 examines every packet to determine its source address and LAN segment origin. It then compares the source address and segment information it Þnds to the entries in the Bridge Address Table.

In 802.1Q mode, if a packetÕs address is not already stored in the Bridge Address Table, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 adds the learned address, associated segment number, and a timer value indicating the age of the observation. Consequently, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 knows the address and associated segment number the next time it sees that address. By using the information stored in the Bridge Address Table, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is able to quickly forward each packet to the correct LAN segment.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 learns addresses from all packets, including data transmissions and Òkeep aliveÓ packets (packets sent by

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Introduction

an idle station to let other stations know it is present and functional). When devices are added to the network, removed from it, or relocated, you do not have to reconÞgure the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. The unit automatically learns new device addresses, recognizes when a previously used address is missing, or when a device has been moved to a new LAN segment.

An address stored in the Bridge Address Table is discarded if there is no subsequent activity from that address after a conÞgured length of time (Þve minutes by default). This aging process ensures that the Bridge Address Table is continually updated.

Addresses are continually added to and deleted from the Bridge Address Table, reßecting the dynamic nature of internetwork trafÞc.

Each dynamic entry includes:

¥ An Ethernet MAC address

¥ A single port number of the LAN on which the address resides

¥ The age of the entry

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 database allows for 2048 entries. Some

of these entries will be used for permanent entries needed by the switch, and temporary entries dependent on the feature set selected. The remainder will be available for user addresses.

1.5.4 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Port Mirroring

Port Mirroring allows the user to conÞgure a port to be used as an ÒanalyzerÓ or ÒmonitorÓ port. Any port can be selected as the ÒmonitorÓ port. The user can copy data from one user selectable port on the device to the designated ÒmonitorÓ port. Packets copied to the monitor port will not include erred packets.

Mirroring will be supported regardless of the port speed and duplex operation. There, in fact, are two forms of mirroring: port mirroring and MAC address mirroring.

With port mirroring, a port is selected as the source port and a port is selected as the destination port. Any packet received on or sent to the source port will be monitored to the destination port.

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With address mirroring, a unicast MAC address and a destination port are speciÞed. Any time a valid packet is received on any port with that destination MAC address within the switch, that packet will be monitored to the destination port. If the address form of the mirror command is issued multiple times, all unicast MAC addresses selected will be mirrored. Up to 4 MAC addresses may be mirrored at any one time.

When mirroring is turned off, the previous parameters are still maintained in non-volatile memory and available if mirroring is re-enabled. The setting of port mirroring clears any address mirroring parameters or vice-versa.

Note: Address entries will be flagged so that they do not get aged out of the

database. We will however allow the port on which they are learned to change.

1.5.5 SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Sample

Applications

Just as a six lane highway allows you to travel much faster than a single lane highway, a network backbone creates high-speed connections for your network. In general, a network backbone allows you to distribute access to important network resources such as Þle or print servers. Additional SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 features, such as trunking, Fast Ethernet, and virtual workgroups allow you to optimize bandwidth and design a more efÞcient ßow for your network trafÞc.

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Trunking

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 supports one form of port trunking, StackTRUNK Trunking.

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 supports a single trunk group of up to 3 trunked ports. The group can be composed of only the 10/100 Mbps ports. Trunked ports have the following characteristics:

¥ Learned unicast trafÞc destined to one of the trunked ports shall be

distributed evenly between all ports in the trunk group using the same algorithm as the LynxSwitch product.

¥ Unknown addresses and broadcast/multicast trafÞc shall be

forwarded only to a single port within the trunk group according to the trunking algorithm.

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¥ TrafÞc received on a trunk port shall not be forwarded to any other

port in the trunk group.

The operator is able to display the trunking state on each port or enable/disable trunking functionality on a port or a range of ports.

10BASE-T Cables

ETHERNET SWITCH

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

ELS10-27TX

RESET

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

COM

RX COL 100 USR

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

COM

RX COL 100 USR

10BASE-T Cables

Servers

LINK

STATUS

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

LINK

STATUS

Trunk Lines

LINK

STATUS

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

ELS10-27

EPIM100

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

ELS10-27

EPIM100

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

Network Management Station

Network Switch

WAN Router

Workgroup

Hub

Figure 1-4. SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Backbone Conﬁguration

1.5.6 VLANs

There are two types of VLANs that are supported by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 architecture, Virtual Workgroups and 802.1Q VLANs. Virtual Workgroups are only supported in the 802.1D mode.

Virtual Workgr oups

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 allows you to deÞne ports for logical groups of associated devices (virtual workgroups) to provide a more efÞcient ßow of trafÞc across your Ethernet network. You can deÞne a maximum of eight virtual workgroups the number of ports within that

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Introduction

VLAN is not restricted and an individual port can be a member of multiple Virtual Workgroups.

Note: Virtual Workgroups will only operate in 802.1D mode.

Virtual workgroups offer the ability to limit broadcasts to logical domains within the network. Workgroup destinations are recognized by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 and broadcast and unicast packets are routed directly to hosts within the workgroup, eliminating the need to perform a general broadcast across each segment of the network to Þnd speciÞc host addresses.

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs

IEEE 802.1Q is a standard for virtual bridged local area networks (VLANs). It provides an alternate method for forwarding packets through a switch. In an 802.1D (Spanning Tree) bridge, packets are forwarded in accordance with the spanning tree as dynamically created by the 802.1D protocol (Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs), and the spanning tree state of each port. In 802.1Q, in addition to spanning tree, packets are forwarded in accordance with a VLAN tag that is embedded in the packet, and the set of ports registered for that VLAN. A set of rules are used for ingress (receipt), forwarding, and egress (transmit).

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 provides support for port based VLANs.

The ingress rules deal with the reception of tagged and untagged packets and the decision to either drop them, or forward them to the forwarding process.

The forwarding rules deal with forwarding packets utilizing topology restrictions, the Þltering database, queue frames (not supported), map priorities (not supported), and recalculation of the FCS. The forward/Þltering database can contain three types of entries.

¥ Permanent entries

¥ Static entries

¥ Dynamic entries

Dynamic entries are created by the protocols supported by the switch (GVRP). There will be no learning of VLANs outside of this protocol.

The egress rules deal with whether the destination port(s) are members of the VLAN, and whether the VLAN tag is to be stripped. There is also an

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issue of address translation on a packet that is having the VLAN tag stripped. This only applies to multi-protocol environments, such as a combination of Ethernet, FDDI, and Token Ring protocols and does not apply to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

802.1Q does NOT replace 802.1D but limits the relaying of packets on the spanning tree to a subset. The subset being the members of a particular VLAN. This is determined by comparing the VLAN ID, which is a Þeld within the tag, to the ports which are members of that VLAN. 802.1Q VLANs will span multiple systems and could span the entire network. Unlike the Cabletron FN series of products where the VLAN (or Virtual Workgroup) is limited to within a particular unit. The maximum number of VLANs supported in 802.1Q is 32.

1.5.7 Conﬁguration Commands

Several conÞguration parameters must be speciÞed by the user. Manufacturing default values are supplied to allow the unit to operate in a default (Plug and Play) conÞguration.

802.1Q Enable

The unit operates in either an 802.1D or 802.1Q mode. The mode must be selected by the user and applies to all ports. The unit WILL NOT operate in a mixed mode. The default is to operate in 802.1D mode.

Port Default VLAN ID

If the unit is operating in 802.1Q mode, then each port must be conÞgured with a default port VLAN ID. The default value for each port will be the default VLAN ID of 0x001. You are allowed to modify this on a per port basis.

Network Management VLAN ID

If the unit is operating in 802.1Q mode a VLAN ID must be speciÞed for each IP address conÞgured on the unit. When the network management processor issues a response to a network management packet, it selects the correct VLAN ID to use based on the IP subnet.

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Introduction

GVRP Enable

This indicates if the GVRP protocol is selected. If selected, the GVRP application propagates that information to other GVRP applications. GVRP is enabled on a per port basis.

GVRP Filter

You are able to specify a list of VLAN IDÕs that should not be dynamically learned by GVRP. When the management processor receives a GVRP packet, it checks this database to determine if the learning of this ID should be restricted.

VLAN Group

You are given the ability to specify the group of ports associated with a particular VLAN ID.

Aging Time

The aging time for 802.1D and 802.1Q mode will be the same.

Access Ports

You are able to specify which ports on the system are access ports and always have the tags stripped.

1.6 LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGER

The Local Console Manager (LCM) is a command-line interface built into the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. The LCM enables you to monitor, manage, and conÞgure the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 through the out-of-band RS232C connection attached to any non-intelligent terminal or workstation running terminal emulation.

You can also use a Cabletron Systems Network Management System, or a standard SNMP-based Network Management System, to manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. For a list of available SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 network management tools, see Section 4.1, SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Management Tools.

The following sections describe LCM command syntax and the basic LCM commands for logging in, logging out, and getting help.

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Introduction

¥ LCM commands used for conÞguring the SmartSTACK Ethernet

ELS10-27 are described in Chapter 3, Configuring Your SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

¥ LCM commands used for monitoring and managing the SmartSTACK

Ethernet ELS10-27 are described in Chapter 4, Monitoring and Managing Your SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

Note: The Getting Started with the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

guide lists the available LCM commands, including each commandÕs options.

1.6.1 Command Syntax Conventions

Basic LCM Commands

If you are going to manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 using LCM, you Þrst must connect the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 to an ASCII terminal or terminal emulator.

When you want to use LCM, begin by pressing the Enter key several times to get the LCM prompt (ELS10-27 >).

Help

Displays the menu of available commands. Help can also be displayed by typing a question mark (?).

Telnet support allows you to telnet to the device and gain access to LCM. The device allows 4 sessions. Passwords for telnet are the RO and RW community names for the device and allow the corresponding level of access. You are not allowed to modify passwords via a Telnet session. If an IP address is added or modiÞed using Telnet, the new address will not take affect until the next reboot.

Erase

Entering erase to erase the current SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 conÞguration returns all parameters to the default values.

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Introduction

Exit or Logout

This command logs you out of LCM. (The exit command is functionally equivalent to the logout command.)

Traplog

Traplog displays the traps messages captured by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. The following is an example of a traplog display:

ELS10-27TX> traplog

Trap 16 0:00:00

The unit has booted.

Trap 25 0:00:00

The unit’s spanning tree maximum age has changed.

Trap 26 0:00:00

The unit’s spanning tree hello time has changed.

Trap 27 0:00:00

The unit’s spanning tree forward delay times has changed.

Trap 3 0:00:02 port 1

The current functional state of the port has changed.

...

ELS10-27TX>

Figure 1-5. Traplog display

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Introduction

The following conventions apply as you use LCM commands:

¥ Press the Enter key to execute a command after you type it in.

¥A port range is either a single port number, or a list of port numbers

separated by commas or hyphens. For example, 3 is port 3; 3,7 are ports 3 and 7; 3-5 are ports 3,4, and 5; and 3-5,7 are ports 3,4,5, and

¥ To quit any command, press the Control-C keys (^C or Ctrl-C).

¥ You can abbreviate any command where there is no ambiguity; if there

is ambiguity, LCM responds with an error message.

¥ Commands are not case sensitive.

¥ Any invalid commands or misspellings will receive an error message. ¥ A previous command can be repeated by typing !!

¥ MAC addresses are displayed in little-endian Ethernet (least

signiÞcant bit) bit order, with each octet separated by a colon. For example:

ELS10-27 >address 00:40:27:04:1a:0f

¥ Information that is optional with an LCM command is enclosed in

square brackets [ ].

ELS10-27 >ipaddr 192.138.217.40

¥ Parameters that appear in all capital letters, for example bridge [PORT-

RANGE]

, indicate that you must enter a value for that parameter. If a

string of parameters is displayed between braces, for example

[{off|on|noBPDU}], you must select one of the displayed options. For

example, if you wanted to enable bridging on a port, or a range of ports, you would enter:

ELS10-27 >bridge 2-4 on

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Introduction

LCM Command Summary

help or ? Display this menu

addresses display [any] [ADDR [MASK]] to display learned addresses

arp display to display the ARP table

baud [BAUD-RATE] to change the console baud rate

bridge [PORT-RANGE [OPTIONS] to set bridging methods

community to change the password/community

disable [? for syntax] to disable a set of ports

enable [? for syntax] to enable a set of ports

erase to erase conÞguration

exit or logout to logout

ident to display unit identiÞcation

igmp [on | off] to enable IPM Þltering by snooping IGMP

ipaddr [IPADDR [MASK]] to set or display IP addresses

ipmÞlter [? for syntax] to statically Þlter out ports

ipmrouter {add | delete} PORT-RANGE to set or display IP Multicast Router ports

kill {session-number} to kill a session (console use only)

mirror [? for syntax] to set or display port mirroring

ping [-rvsx] HOST [DATASIZE [COUNT]] send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST pkts

port [? for syntax] to set or display port parameters

query [on |off] [name] to act as an IGMP Querier

reboot [? for syntax] to reboot the unit after SECONDS

route [? for syntax] to display routing table information

session to display current LCM sessions

switch [? for syntax] to set or display switch parameters

status[PORT-RANGE/clear PORT-RANGE] to display unit or port status

sttimer [TIMER-VALUE] to set or display st age time

traceroute [? for syntax] to print the route taken to a host

trapcontrol [on | off] to set or display traps control value

traplog to display the most recent SNMP traps

trunk [? for syntax] to set display trunking status

vlan [? for syntax] to conÞgure IEEE Vlans

workgroup [? for syntax] to set or display workgroups

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Introduction

If a line contains the text Ò[? for syntax]Ó one of the following displays will detail the syntax.

additional command syntax:

switch [802.1d | 802.1Q]

cut[-through] | store[-and-forward]

[back[pressure] {on | off}]

enable [PORT-RANGE [RIP]] [TransmitPacing]]]

port [PORT-RANGE [speed {auto | 10[Mbps] | 100[Mbps]}]

[duplex {auto | full[-duplex] | half[-duplex]}]

[storm THRESHOLD TIME-INTERVAL]

[vlan {name |VLAN-ID}]

[802.3x [ßow control] {on | off}]

[GVRP {On | off}]

[access {add | del[ete]}]]

reboot [SECONDS [down[load]] | off]

[par[ameters] PATH [IP-ADDR [GATEWAY-ADDR]]]

route [add | del GATEWAY-ADDR]

[display [IPADDR]]

traceroute [-m MAX_HOPS][-q NQUERIES][-w WAIT] HOST_IP [DATA_SIZE]

vlan [add PORT-RANGE NAME VLAN-ID [IP-ADDR] [MASK]]

[del[ete] PORT_RANGE NAME VLAN-ID]

[res[trict] {add | de[lete]} PORT-RANGE VLAN-ID]

ipmulticast [add | del[ete] IPMADDR PORT-RANGE IPMADDR]

mirror [port {add | del[ete]} SRC-PORT DEST-PORT]

[address]{add | del[ete]} MAC-ADDRESS DEST-PORT]

[on | off]

ipmÞlter [add IPMADDR PORT-RANGE]

[del[ete] IPMADDR]]

[on | off]

trunk [add PORT-RANGE]

[del[ete] PORT-RANGE]

workgroup [NAME [{del[ete] | PORT_RANGE [INFO]]}]

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Introduction

Status

When the status command alone is typed, the following is displayed:

ELS10-27> status

Software Currently Running: Version 1.00.00 Mon 1/15/99--14:49:29

Next Bootstrap: Version 1.00.00 Mon 1/15/99--14:49:29

Power-up test failures: none

System Up Time: 4 weeks 3 days, 16:49:20

Current Number of Learned Addresses: 76

CPU utilization is heavy

Port RX Packets TX Packets Collisions Erred Packets

1 0 0 0 0

2 200771 170540573 11057 18756

3 160310185 260185705 1550454 2597695

4 0 220670886 0 0

5 0 0 0 0

6 0 0 0 0

7 879974 226060879 29462 59569

8 6367594 225306752 59103 122763

9 0 0 0 0

10 0 220670886 0 0

11 75924 214287698 76 1059

12 1963079 228024703 147751 252280

Type <CR> to continue the display... >

This is repeated by the remainder of the ports on the system, followed by a display for each individual port as follows.

Port 1 Status

Type/Speed: 10B-TPX/10 Mbpss

VLAN ID Blue 0x001

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Introduction

GVRP Enabled

Port Mirroring: No

Duplex Mode: Half Duplex

Bridging: Transparent Bridging

Enabled/Disabled: Enabled, Rip listening, port w/o link

Spanning Tree: Without link

Trunking State: Off

Pkts Transmitted: 0

Pkts Received: 0

Carrier Losses: 0

Total Collisions: 0

Excess Collisions: 0

RX Filtered Pkts: 0

RX Runt Pkts: 0

RX FCS/Align Errs: 0

Internal TX Errs: 0

Type <CR> to display port 2 status ... >

If the status command is issued followed by a port number the following is displayed. If a port range is speciÞed, all ports in the range are displayed.

ELS10-27> status 2

Port 2 Status

Type/Speed: 10B-TPX/10 Mbps

VLAN ID Account 0x001

GVRP Disabled

Port Mirroring: No

Duplex Mode: Half Duplex

Bridging: Transparent Bridging

Enabled/Disabled: Enabled, Rip listening

Spanning Tree: Forwarding

Trunking State: Off

Pkts Transmitted: 170646338

Pkts Received: 200806

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Introduction

Carrier Losses: 0

Total Collisions: 11057

Excess Collisions: 0

RX Filtered Pkts: 523

RX Runt Pkts: 0

RX FCS/Align Errs: 0

Internal TX Errs: 11057

Enable

If the enable command is typed without any parameters, the following is displayed. It does not enable any of the ports.

ELS10-27> enable

Usage: enable [PORT-RANGE [RIP] [TransmitPacing]]

Port 1: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 2: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 3: Enabled

Port 4: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 5: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 6: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 7: Enabled

Port 8: Enabled

Port 9: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 10: Enabled

Port 11: Enabled

Port 12: Enabled

Type <CR> to continue the display... >

To enable a port or group of ports, the command is followed by the port(s) and any options desired. The following is displayed:

ELS10-27> enable 2-4

Enabling port 2

Enabling port 3

Enabling port 4

By default all ports are enabled.

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Disable

If the disable command is entered without any port(s) speciÞed, the display reports the state of all of the ports. It does not disable any of the ports.

ELS10-27> disable

Usage: disable [PORT-RANGE]

Port 1: Enabled, Rip listening, port w/o link

Port 2: Enabled, Rip listening

Port 3: Enabled

Port 4: Enabled

Port 5: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 6: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 7: Enabled

Port 8: Enabled

Port 9: Enabled, port w/o link

Port 10: Enabled

Port 11: Enabled

Port 12: Enabled

Type <CR> to continue the display... >

If a port range is included, the following is displayed and the ports are disabled.

ELS10-27> disable 5-6

Port 5: Disabled

Port 6: Disabled

Switch

The switch command,

switch [802.1d | 802.1Q]

allows you to select the mode in which the ELS10-27 operates. The two modes are 802.1D (spanning tree) or 802.1Q (spanning tree with IEEE VLANs). In addition, you can select cut through or store and forward,

[cut[-through] | store[-and-forward]]

[back[pressure] {on | off}]

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and select to use back pressure as a means of ßow control. The default settings are:

802.1d mode

store-and-forward

Backpressure off

The command by itself displays the following:

ELS10-27>switch

The present switch mode is: 802.1d

The switch mode upon the next reboot will be: 802.1d

The forwarding mode in use is: Store and Forward

Backpressure is off

Port

The Port command,

port [PORT-RANGE [speed {auto | 10[Mbps] | 100[Mbps]}]

[duplex [{auto | full[-duplex] | half[-duplex]}]]

[storm THRESHOLD TIME-INTERVAL]

[vlan {name |VLAN-ID}]

[802.3x [ßow control] {on | off}]

[GVRP {On | off}]

[access

allows you to conÞgure the port(s) on the unit in regards to speed, duplex mode, broadcast storm protection values and default VLAN ID used on each port. You are not allowed to name the VLAN here. Refer to the vlan command to name a vlan. By setting the default VLAN ID for a port, the port WILL NOT automatically become a member of that VLAN. The VLAN must be created Þrst using the VLAN command and this port made a member. Likewise, if the default VLAN ID is changed, the port is not removed from the old VLAN, you must use the VLAN command and remove the port from the VLAN. In addition, you are able to specify if GVRP is enabled for these ports. If enabled, GVRP messages are received on these ports and GVRP messages are propagated to these ports.

{add | del[ete]}]]

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The access option speciÞes when operating in 802.1Q mode, that these ports act as access ports. All devices attached to this segment are non-tag aware devices, Therefore, all tags are stripped on egress, and the default tag is always added on ingress. In addition, the Þrmware creates additional address database entries when needed to ensure connectivity without ßooding.

Entering the port command by itself displays the following:

ELS10-27>port

Port Speed

1 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled yes

2 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Disabled no

3 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled no

4 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled no

5 10 Half 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled no

6 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default no Enabled no

7 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled no

8 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled no

9 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default yes Enabled no

10 10 Half 600000 100 0x001 Green yes Enabled no

11 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default no Enabled no

12 10 Full 600000 100 0x001 Default no Enabled no

Duplex Mode

Storm Threshold

Storm Time

Default VLAN-ID

VLAN Name

Flow Ctl GVRP

Access Port

Type <CR> to continue the display ... >

The default setting is auto. To change the speed on a group of ports, enter the following:

ELS10-27>port 25-27 speed 10

Port 25 is 10 Mbps Ethernet

Port 26 is 10 Mbps Ethernet

Port 27 is 10 Mbps Ethernet

Similarly, to set the duplex mode on a group of ports, enter the following:

ELS10-27>port 25-27 duplex auto

Port 25 is using Auto Negotiation Mode.

Port 26 is using Auto Negotiation Mode.

Port 27 is using Auto Negotiation Mode.

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To set the storm protection, enter the following:

ELS10-27>port 1 storm 100000 10

port 1 threshold = 100000, interval = 10

To set the default VLAN ID the following would be entered. In 802.1Q mode, the factory default would be a value of 0x001 on every port.

ELS10-27>port 5 vlan 0x003

port 5 vlan id = 0x003

Commands cannot be combined. The following is not allowed.

port 2-4 duplex half storm 100000 10

Community

For security reasons, you are allowed to set a community name. This is similar to a password. Without the password, you are limited in what you are allowed to do. To set a new community name, type community.

ELS10-27>community

You are prompted for the old community name, then the new name and conÞrmation of the new name. The default name is ÔpublicÕ.

Old community name>

New community name>

Verify community name>

Ident

The Ident command identiÞes the unit in terms of part number. The Þrst part number displayed is for the ELS10-27 itself, the second part number is for an optional plug-in module. Following this, any Power-up test code and Diagnostic data is displayed. Finally, a list of information related to BootP parameters and the code image conÞgured to be downloaded is displayed.

ELS10-27> id

Part Number: 9401911000 973700030748

Power-up test code: 00000000

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Diagnostic data: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000

Last Image File name /etc/bootp/els10-27

Last Server IP Address 192.68.37.1

Flash Size 0x200000

Boot Revision 01.00.02

Operational Status Normal Operation

Exit or Logout

Either of these commands logs you out of LCM.

Erase

Introduction

The erase command allows you to erase all of the conÞguration material and restore the factory defaults to the unit. As a safety mechanism you are prompted to conÞrm the command. The entire word ÔyesÕ must be typed.

By entering the erase command, the following is displayed.

ELS10-27>erase

This erases all conÞguration information and return the unit to factory defaults on the next system reset.

Continue? [yes | {no | CR} ]

If anything other than ÔyesÕ is entered the command will be canceled.

Reboot

The reboot command allows you to force a system reboot either immediately or to schedule it for some later time. In the event that it was scheduled, the user can prevent the system from rebooting by entering the reboot command with the optional parameter ÔoffÕ. Additionally, several optional parameters can be used.

The ÔdownloadÕ parameter speciÞes not only for the system to reboot, but to also obtain a new code image from the network. In the event that a download is desired, you can specify the necessary parameters or can use parameters obtained via the BootP process. The parameters are the path and Þle name to be used on the TFTP server, the IP Address of the server and a gateway IP Address in the event that the server is not directly accessible.

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reboot [SECONDS [down[load]] | off]

[par[ameters] PATH [IP-ADDR [GATEWAY-ADDR]]]

If you enter a reboot command, the following is displayed:

ELS10-27>reboot 300

Re-boot pending in 300 seconds

If you then follow this with the reboot ÔoffÕ command within 300 seconds, the following is displayed:

ELS10-27>reboot off

No re-boot pending

Address Display

The address display command displays the MAC addresses, whether the address has been learned, the port the address is known on, and how old the address entry is. In 802.1Q mode, the following is displayed. If the unit was operating in 802.1D mode, the VLAN ID and VLAN Name are not displayed.

ELS10-27> address display

Address Type Port Age(secs) VLAN ID VLAN Name

00:40:27:00:55:bf Learned 26 1 0x003 Blue

00:40:27:00:58:17 Learned 26 14 0x003 Blue

00:00:0c:19:ce:35 Learned 26 4 0x003 Blue

00:80:cf:00:02:b7 Learned 26 215 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:d8:f2:9a Learned 26 80 0x002 Green

00:40:27:07:b4:9d Learned 26 134 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:b7:08:0e Learned 26 10 0x003 Blue

08:00:20:79:fb:df Learned 17 1 0x005 Green

00:00:1d:1d:63:3c Learned 26 0 0x003 Blue

00:00:86:09:99:31 Learned 26 8 0x003 Blue

08:00:20:0f:ca:03 Learned 26 53 0x005 Green

08:00:20:7b:d5:58 Learned 26 223 0x003 Blue

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08:00:20:72:0b:1d Learned 26 55 0x003 Blue

08:00:09:56:01:fe Learned 26 18 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:aa:08:0e Learned 16 10 0x002 Green

00:04:ac:26:bd:8b Learned 26 170 0x003 Blue

08:00:69:07:19:a8 Learned 26 24 0x003 Blue

00:a0:c9:37:eb:17 Learned 26 130 0x005 Green

00:00:1d:1a:80:d7 Learned 26 0 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:1a:7a:0e Learned 26 143 0x003 Blue

Enter <CR> to continue, Cntl-C to exit:

Optionally, you can specify the ÔanyÕ option. This will also display any permanent addresses that are conÞgured and any entries that have been created for Þltering.

ELS10-27> address display any

Address Type Port Age(secs)

01:80:c2:00:00:00 BPDU ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:01 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:02 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:03 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:04 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:05 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:06 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:07 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:08 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:09 Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:0a Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:0b Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:0c Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:0d Reserved ** 2760312

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01:80:c2:00:00:0e Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:0f Reserved ** 2760312

01:80:c2:00:00:10 All LANs ** 2760312

01:40:27:00:54:72 Reserved ** 2760312

00:00:1d:66:88:4e Port 1 2760312

01:00:0e:00:00:01 Filter ** 5767

Enter <CR> to continue, Cntl-C to exit:

If desired, you can specify a MAC address to be searched for and optionally a mask.

ELS10-27> address display 08:00:20:79:fb:df

Address Type Port Age(secs)

08:00:20:79:fb:df Learned 17 0

Bridge

The bridge command allows you to specify whether transparent bridging (Spanning Tree) should be enabled on a per port basis. If only the bridge command is speciÞed, the following is displayed:

ELS10-27> bridge

Usage: bridge [PORT-RANGE [{off | on | noBPDU}]]

Port 1 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 2 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 3 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 4 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 5 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 6 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 7 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 8 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 9 bridging: Transparent Bridging

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Port 10 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 11 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 12 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Type <CR> to continue the display ... >

Optionally, you can select to turn transparent bridging off, or not to send BPDUs out of a group of ports.

ELS10-27> bridge 9-10 off

Port 9 bridging: Off

Port 10 bridging: Off

ELS10-27> bridge 9-10 nobpdu

Port 9 bridging: Transparent Bridging, BPDUs suppressed

Port 10 bridging: Transparent Bridging, BPDUs suppressed

STTimer

The STTimer (Spanning Tree Timer) command allows you to set the aging period for learned addresses under spanning tree. The default is 300 seconds. The command alone will display the present conÞgured value.

ELS10-27> sttimer

Spanning Tree Age Time: 300 seconds

Baud

The baud command allows you to specify the bit transfer rate used on the local communications port. The default value is 9600, and valid values range from 2400 to 19200. When the command alone is typed the conÞgured value is displayed.

ELS10-27> baud

Usage: baud [2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200]

Baud rate is 9600.

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Ipaddr

The Ipaddr (IP Address) command is used to conÞgure an IP address for the unit. Optionally, a gateway address is conÞgured to act as a default path in the event that a path to the peer cannot be determined. Refer to the Route Command to conÞgure a gateway.

ipaddr [IPADDR [MASK] | [vlan id | vlan name]]

In 802.1D mode only one IP address can be conÞgured on the unit. Access can be gained to the unit from any port using that one IP address.

In 802.1Q mode multiple IP addresses can be conÞgured in order to access the unit from multiple VLANs. (The VLAN command is used to conÞgure an IP address on a VLAN.)

If only the ipaddr command is entered, the following display is seen:

ELS10-27> ipaddr

IP Address Address Mask VLAN ID VLAN Name

134.141.110.27 255.255.0.0 0x005 Blue

192.167.38.25 255.255.0.0 0x007 Payroll

Type <CR> to continue the display ... >

If a VLAN ID or VLAN Name is entered, the display is restricted to the relevant entries.

Arp

The arp command allows ARP entries to be displayed. Static ARP entries CANNOT be conÞgured.

ELS10-27> arp

Port MAC Address IP Address Type

26 00:00:1d:1d:63:3c 134.141.5.126 Dynamic

26 00:40:27:00:bb:14 134.141.109.18 Dynamic

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Route

The route command allows you to display routing entries. Only one static route entry can be conÞgured; the default gateway.

route display [IPADDR][[GATE[WAY-ADDR]] IPADDR]

ELS10-27> route

Gateway 134.141.110.14

Destination Next Hop Net Mask Protocol VLAN ID

000.000.000.000 134.141.109.018 255.000.000.000 rip 0X001

100.000.000.000 134.141.105.153 255.000.000.000 rip 0X001

101.000.000.000 134.141.105.155 255.000.00000.0 rip 0X001

102.000.000.000 134.141.105.153 255.000.000.000 rip 0X001

103.000.000.000 134.141.105.154 255.000.000.000 rip 0X001

134.141.000.000 000.000.000.000 255.255.000.000 local 0X001

134.141.110.027 134.141.110.027 255.255.255.255 local 0X001

134.142.000.000 134.141.105.014 255.255.000.000 rip 0X001

172.017.000.000 134.141.075.180 255.255.000.000 rip 0X001

192.168.037.000 134.141.109.018 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

192.168.038.000 134.141.110.004 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

198.113.121.000 134.141.110.004 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

200.200.205.000 134.141.105.153 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

201.201.209.000 134.141.105.153 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

202.202.204.000 134.141.105.154 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

203.203.208.000 134.141.105.154 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

203.203.209.000 134.141.105.154 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

204.204.212.000 134.141.105.154 255.255.255.000 rip 0X001

Type <CR> to continue the display ... >

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Ping

The ping command allows you to attempt to contact a device using a particular IP address. The HOST parameter is actually an IP Address. Host name to IP address mapping is not available. The command operates in a manner similar to the ping command on an UNIX operating system and is useful in determining connectivity in the network.

ping [-rvsx] HOST [DATASIZE [COUNT]]

If the command alone is entered the usage statement is displayed.

Usage: ping [-rvsx] host [datasize [count]]

-r = record route

-v = verbose

-s = send one packet per second continuously

-x = send packets continuously w/o delay

An example of a ping command and the resulting output is as follows:

ELS10-27> ping -s 192.168.37.1

PING 192.168.37.1: 56 data bytes

56 bytes from 192.168.37.1 icmp_seq=1 time=99 ms

56 bytes from 192.168.37.1 icmp_seq=2 time=9 ms

56 bytes from 192.168.37.1 icmp_seq=3 time=102 ms

56 bytes from 192.168.37.1 icmp_seq=4 time=9 ms

56 bytes from 192.168.37.1 icmp_seq=5 time=103 ms

56 bytes from 192.168.37.1 icmp_seq=6 time=102 ms

----192.168.37.1 PING Statistics----

7 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 14% packet loss

Traceroute

The traceroute command is a handy debugging tool used to determine a path taken from the ELS10-27 to another device using its IP address. You are allowed to specify several options. The MAX_HOPS allows you to specify the maximum time that a packet is allowed to live in the network before being discarded. The next option speciÞes the number of queries that should be used, followed by the length of time to wait for a reply.

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When the traceroute command itself is used, the usage statement is displayed.

ELS10-27>traceroute ?

traceroute [-m max_hops] [-q nqueries] [-w wait] host_ip [data_size]

The following is a sample traceroute:

ELS10-27> traceroute 192.168.37.20

traceroute to (192.168.37.20), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets

1 134.141.109.18 6 ms 91 ms 99 ms

2 192.168.37.20 99 ms 99 ms 99 ms

Traplog

Various SNMP traps are sent to an SNMP Manager from the ELS10-27 when certain events occur. The last 50 of these traps are kept in a log within the ELS10-27 and can be displayed to assist in isolating failures. The command entered by itself displays the traplog.

ELS10-27> traplog

Trap 20 4 weeks 4 days, 0:19:00

The spanning tree topology has stopped changing.

Trap 19 4 weeks 4 days, 0:17:58

The spanning tree topology has begun to change.

Trap 32 4 weeks 4 days, 0:05:18 port 13

The spanning tree state of the port has changed.

Trap 3 4 weeks 4 days, 0:05:18 port 13

The current functional state of the port has changed.

Trap 20 4 weeks 3 days, 23:47:57

The spanning tree topology has stopped changing.

Trap 19 4 weeks 3 days, 23:46:54

The spanning tree topology has begun to change.

Trap 32 4 weeks 3 days, 23:41:41 port 15

The spanning tree state of the port has changed.

Trap 32 4 weeks 3 days, 23:41:36 port 15

The spanning tree state of the port has changed.

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Trap 3 4 weeks 3 days, 23:41:36 port 15

The current functional state of the port has changed.

Trap 32 4 weeks 3 days, 23:39:36 port 15

The spanning tree state of the port has changed.

Type <CR> to continue, Cntl-C to exit...>

VLAN

The VLAN command, when operating in 802.1Q mode, allows you to specify an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN. You must specify a VLAN ID, and a name to associate with that ID. If you want to manage this unit on this VLAN you must also assign an IP Address.

vlan [add PORT-RANGE NAME VLAN-ID [IP ADDR] [[IP MASK]]

[del[ete] PORT-RANGE {NAME |VLAN-ID}]

[res[trict] {add | de[lete]} PORT-RANGE VLAN-ID]

If the command alone is speciÞed, the existing VLANs are displayed. Two types of VLANs are displayed; the static entries that have been created by this command, and dynamic entries which have been learned by the switch via GVRP.

ELS10-27>vlan

VLAN-ID NAME TYPE IP Addr IP MASK PORTS

0x001 default STATIC 10.2.7.225 255.0.0.0 1-27

By using the VLAN command, the default VLAN ID for the port WILL NOT be changed. Refer to the port command to change the default VLAN ID for a port.

If the restriction option is speciÞed, the switch will not allow a VLAN to be established for that ID from either a user interface or GVRP.

Workgroup

The workgroup command allows you to group ports together to limit the scope of broadcast, multicast and unicast packets. If there are no user deÞned workgroups, one default group exists consisting of all ports. As workgroups become deÞned, ports are removed from the default group and added to the newly deÞned group.

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Note: Workgroups are only valid in 802.1D mode.

ELS10-27> workgroup [NAME [del[ete] | PORT_RANGE]]

To display all of the present workgroups, simply enter the command.

ELS10-27>workgroup

Name: default

Port: 8,10,13-27

Name: lab_e

Port: 9,12

Name: lab_a

Port: 9,11

To display a particular workgroup specify the name.

ELS10-27>workgroup lab_a

Name: lab_a

Port: 9,11

IGMP

You can enter the following command to enable or disable IGMP snooping on the ELS10-27 device. If IGMP snooping is enabled, the ELS10-27 will restrict IP Multicast packets to members of each IP Multicast group. The command syntax is:

IGMP [on | off]

You can display the status of IGMP snooping by entering the command alone.

ELS10-27> IGMP

IGMP Þltering on

When IGMP snooping is disabled after being enabled, all Þltering databases are deleted. Router port lists and the status of Querying on the device are re-initialized. The factory default for IGMP Þltering is on.

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IPMRouter

You can enter the following command to specify the ports to be included in all IP Multicast Þlters. These are expected IGMP Router ports that would be sending IGMP Queries. The command is also used to add nonIGMP capable ports so that they would also be included in all the Þlters. Once you statically conÞgure the IP Multicast Router ports, any queries that are heard from the network are merged into the router port list.

ELS10-27> ipmrouter {add | delete} PORT-RANGE

If you re-enter the command with a different PORT-RANGE, the databases are ßushed and all Þlters are re-learned.

ELS10-27> ipmrouter add PORT-RANGE

To delete some or all of the routers included in all Þlters, you enter:

ELS10-27> ipmrouter delete PORT-RANGE

All the Dynamic database entries are ßushed and all the Þlters re-learned.

The command by itself displays the existing list of ports.

ELS10-27>ipmrouter

IP Multicast Routing ports - 1, 5, 6, 9, 23-27

Ipmulticast

Use the following command to create an IP Multicast group:

ELS10-27> ipmulticast [{add | del[ete] IPMADDR PORT-RANGE IPMADDR}]

Create an IP multicast group by entering the IP Group Address along with a list of ports. Enter the following command to statically conÞgure an IP Multicast group. Once a group is conÞgured, any information the Þrmware has learned dynamically, will not alter the static conÞguration. Re-enter the command to add to, or change the list of ports in the group.

ELS10-27> ipmulticast add PORT-RANGE IPMADDR

Enter the following command to delete an IP Multicast group:

ELS10-27> ipmulticast del[ete] IPMADDR

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Display the state of Dynamic IP Multicast Filtering and all the IP Multicast Group entries by entering the command by itself.

ELS10-27> ipmulticast

Dynamic IP Multicast Þltering is ON

GroupAddress Ports Class

224.0.0.1 1-27 Permanent

224.0.0.9 2-8,23 Static

224.0.0.200 1-27 Dynamic

Ipmﬁlter

The ipmÞlter command is used to Þlter IP Multicast packets from a particular port. It is also used to enable or disable static IP Multicast Þlter groups created with the ipmÞlter command.

ELS10-27> ipmÞlter [on | off]

[{add | del[ete]} PORT-RANGE IPMADDR]

Enter the following command to specify ports NOT to be included in Þlters for an IP Multicast Group. Once a Þlter is in place, the port WILL NOT transmit packets for that group, even if a host attached to that port attempts to join the group.

ELS10-27> ipmÞlter add PORT-RANGE IPMADDR

Re-enter the command to add to or change the list of ports in the group. Add or change the Þlters for an IP Multicast group by entering:

ELS10-27> ipmÞlter add PORT-RANGE IPMADDR

Remove Þlters from an IP Multicast group by entering:

ELS10-27> ipmÞlter del[ete] IPMADDR

Enter the following command to allow the Þrmware to examine IP Multicast UDP trafÞc and dynamically set up port Þlters to restrict trafÞc to speciÞc ports.

ELS10-27> ipmÞlter on

The default for ipm Þlter command is off.

Display the IP Þlters by entering:

ELS10-27> ipmÞlter

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IP Multicast Þltering is ON

GroupAddress Ports

224.0.0.24 1-27

224.0.0.9 5

224.0.0.200 1, 9, 13

Query

Use the following command to enable or disable the device to act as a querier. In an 802.1D Workgroup environment, you may specify the name of the workgroup on which to initiate IGMP Queries.

ELS10-27>Query [on | off] [wgname]

To enable a querier on a workgroup named blue, the following command is issued:

ELS10-27>Query on blue

To display the state of IGMP Querying on the device or to list the segments that we are sending Queries on, you can enter:

ELS10-27> Query IGMP Query on Default Group IGMP Query on Blue IGMP Query on Accounting

The factory default for the system to initiate IGMP Query packets is off.

If you change the state, the databases are ßushed and all the Þlters relearned.

Mirror

The mirror command has two forms. One allows you to mirror all inbound and outbound trafÞc from one port to another. The second allows all packets with speciÞc destination MAC addresses to be mirrored to a particular port. Up to four destination MAC addresses may be mirrored simultaneously.

mirror [port {add | del[ete]} SRC-PORT DEST-PORT]

[add[ress]{add | del[ete]} MAC-ADDRESS DEST-PORT]

[on | off]

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By entering the command alone, the present mirror selections are displayed.

ELS10-27>mirror

port 5 is being mirrored to port 25.

ELS10-27>mirror

The mirror port is 7

02:98:10:03:10:09

98:45:82:94:54:76

Trunk

The command has the following format:

ELS10-27>trunk [PORT-RANGE {on | off}]

You are able to enable/disable trunking functionality on a port or a range of ports.

For example:

ELS10-27> trunk 25-27 on

The above command turns on trunking on ports 25 through 27.

Note: Trunking is only allowed on ports 25-27.

Session

The session command displays the number of active sessions, the session number assigned, the amount of idle time, and the origin of the session. The display appears as:

Session Idle Time Origin

0 0:00 Console

1 0:09 10.2.10.161

Kill

The kill command relates to Telnet sessions. You are allowed to kill any of the Telnet session. You are not able to kill the Console session. To kill a session, issue the kill command followed by the session number.

kill 1

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Trap control

Trap control gives you the ability to allow all traps or to disallow all traps. SNMP MIB variables are available to disable a particular trap, or all traps of a particular severity. The default for trap control is ÒdisabledÓ.

Telnet

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CHAPTER 2

UNPACKING AND INSTALLING

YOUR SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

Only qualiﬁed personnel should perform installation procedures.

Carefully unpack the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 from the shipping carton and inspect it for possible damage. If any damage is evident, contact your supplier. The shipping carton contains the following:

¥ The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 unit

¥ One AC power cord

¥ Console Cable kit

¥ Two rack-mounting brackets with fasteners (for rack-mount

installation)

¥ Documentation Ð In addition to this manual, Release Notes are also

included.

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Unpacking and Installing Your SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

2.1 SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27 FRONT PANEL

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 provides 27 RJ45 ports supporting 24 autonegotiating 10 Mbps ports and 3 autonegotiating 10/100 Mbps ports.The device also features two EPIM-100 slots that allow you to install up to two EPIM-100s to provide multimode Þber uplinks (with potential for single mode Þber). Figure 2-1 shows the front panel of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. The LEDs and buttons are described in Tables 2-1 and 2-2.

100BASE Ethernet Ports

Reset Switch

Status LEDs

ETHERNET SWITCH

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

ELS10-27TX

RESET

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

COM

RX COL 100 USR

Status Button

Monitor/Com Port

RJ45 Ethernet 10BASE-T Ports

Figure 2-1. SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Front Panel

LINK

STATUS

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

LINK

STATUS

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

100BASE Ethernet

FEPIM Ports

EPIM100

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Table 2-1. Meaning of SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 LEDs

LED Meaning

Port Status Mode TX

On Ð Indicates port is transmitting a packet.

ACT

COL

FDX

100

MON

USR

Link (Individual Ports)

On Ð Indicates port is receiving a packet.

On Ð Indicates port is transmitting or receiving.

On Ð Indicates a collision on a port.

On Ð Port is operating in Full Duplex. Off Ð Port is operating in Half Duplex. On Ð Port operating at 100 Mbps. Off Ð Port operating at 10 Mbps.

On Ð Indicates port is copying to the monitor port.

On Ð Indicates that errored packets were received.

On Ð Indicates the link is good. Off Ð Indicates there is no link.

Status (Individual Ports)

CPU On Ð Indicates the SmartSTACK Ethernet

Pwr On Ð Indicates the SmartSTACK Ethernet

On/Blinking Ð Indicates you are monitoring the port for a selected segment status condition. This LED always indicates the selected status mode.

ELS10-27 is operational. Blinking Ð Indicates the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is running power-up diagnostics. Off Ð Indicates the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is non-operational.

ELS10-27 is receiving power. Off Ð Indicates the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is not receiving power.

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Table 2-2. Description of SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Buttons

Button Function

Status Cycles through the Segment Status options (TX, RX,

Act, Col, FDX, 100, MON, and Usr) for all ports. The right-hand port status LEDs of the ports you are monitoring are activated based on what function you chose with the Select button.

Reset Restarts the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

2.1.1 Indicators

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 will supply port level and system level information via front panel LEDs.

Port LEDs

There are 54 LEDs on the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 built into the RJ-45 harmonica connectors. Each port has a Link LED and a function LED. There are 8 possible functions which can be chosen from using the push button on the front panel. The functions are as follows:

Transmit (TX)

Receive (RX)

Activity (TX + RX)

Collisions (COL)

Full Duplex Operation (FDX)

100 Mbps Operations (100)

Monitor Port (MON)

Errors (ERR)

There is an LED for each of the functions listed above on the front panel.

The EPIM-100FX supports a single green LED which indicates link. When the EPIM slot is active, the Status LED from the corresponding port (26 and\or 27) will be used.

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Monitor Port LED Operation

When the port status indicator is selected to ÒMONÓ the following deÞnes the operation of the LEDs for ports that are being mirrored.

For ports that have trafÞc mirrored to the monitor port, the LED is on solid. The status LED for the port which is chosen as the monitor port (the one you connect the analyzer to) will blink.

If address mirroring is selected, only the port which receives the mirrored frames is lit.

System LEDs

Two LEDs provide information about the system. The LEDs are Power and CPU. Power indicates that the deviceÕs power supply is operating properly. The CPU LED indicates that the deviceÕs CPU is operational. For both of these LEDs Green indicates good and off indicates a failure.

2.2 INSTALLING AN EPIM

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 provides a slot for a Cabletron EPIM (Ethernet Port Interface Module). The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is shipped without an EPIM. To install an EPIM, follow the procedure below:

1. Remove the plate covering the EPIM slot.

2. Install the EPIM as shown in Figure 2-2. Ensure that the rear connector is seated Þrmly by tightening the screw mounted to the EPIM.

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10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

25X 26X 27X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

EPIM100

LNK

EPIM-100FX

EPIM100

LNK

EPIM-100FX

Figure 2-2. Installing an EPIM

Note: Installing an EPIM replaces one of the 100TX ports.

2.3 INSTALLING THE SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

Rack-mounting a SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

Table 2-3 describes some general considerations you should be aware of before mounting a SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 in a rack assembly.

Table 2-3. General Considerations for Mounting a

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

Consideration Discussion

Temperature Since the temperature within a rack assembly

may be higher than the ambient room temperature, make sure the rack environment temperature is within the Operating Temperature range speciÞed in Appendix A.

Air Flow Make sure there is at least 2 inches (or more)

on both sides of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 to allow for adequate air ßow.

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Table 2-3. General Considerations for Mounting a

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 (Continued)

Consideration Discussion

Mechanical Loading Do not place equipment on top of a rack-

mounted SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

Circuit Overloading Make sure the power supply circuit to the

rack assembly is not overloaded.

Grounding (Earthing)

Rack-mounted equipment should be grounded. In addition to the direct connections to the main power supplies, make sure all the other supply connections are also grounded.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 can be rack-mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment cabinet. To mount the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 in a rack assembly, apply the following steps:

1. Attach the rackmount brackets to both sides of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 chassis, as shown in Figure 2-3.

Rackmount

Brackets (2)

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

LINK

STATUS

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

COM

RX COL 100 USR

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

LINK

25X 26X 27X

EPIM100

LINK

STATUS

Figure 2-3. Attaching Rackmount Brackets

2. Place the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 chassis in the cabinet.

Screws (4)

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3. Secure the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 with the rackmount fasteners by inserting and securing a fastener through each of the four slots in the rack-mount brackets, as shown in Figure 2-4.

19-Inch Rack

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

LINK

STATUS

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

COM

RX COL 100 USR

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

EPIM100

LINK

STATUS

Screws (4)

Figure 2-4. Rack-mounting the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27

4. Once the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is installed, plug the AC power cord into the AC power connector on the rear of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 chassis. Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-prong grounded outlet.

2.4 CHECKING THE POWER-UP DIAGNOSTICS SEQUENCE

Before connecting any devices to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, power on the unit and observe the power-up diagnostics sequence to check for proper operation.

To observe the power-up diagnostics sequence completely, you may want to repeat it. To restart the power-up sequence, press the reset button on the front panel.

When you power up the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, the following occurs:

1. Power LED is ON.

2. CPU LED comes on.

3. Segment Status LEDs Sequence as Initialize Progresses.

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4. All Segment Status LEDs remain on.

5. All remaining LEDs turn on for several seconds.

6. All LEDs turn OFF, leaving the PWR and CPU LEDs ON.

7. In addition, the Port Link LEDs will turn on for those ports with good links and the Segment Status LEDs will turn on (or ßash) when the selected status condition is present.

Note: If a critical component fails diagnostics, the CPU LED will turn off and

the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 will attempt to reboot. If the CPU LED does not stay on, contact Cabletron Systems. Refer to Section 1.2.

2.5 CONNECTING THE LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGER

The Local Console Manager (LCM) is a command-line interface for conÞguring, monitoring, and managing the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 via a VT 100 style terminal.

To connect the LCM:

1. Connect your ASCII terminal or terminal emulator to the out-ofband management RS232C port on the front panel of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 using the standard console cable shipped with the unit. (Only three wires are necessary: Receive Data, Transmit Data and Ground.)

2. Set the terminal to 9600 baud, 8N1: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity, XON/XOFF ßow control.

3. Press the Enter key several times. If the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 and terminal are operational, LCM responds with the

ELS10-27 > prompt.

4. LCM is now ready to use.

Refer to Section 1.6, Local Console Manager, for a general overview of LCM and the command syntax. LCM commands for conÞguring, monitoring, and managing the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 are provided in the chapters dealing with those topics.

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2.6 CONNECTING TO THE NETWORK

This section provides the procedures for connecting UTP and multimode Þber optic segments from the network or other devices to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

Ports 1 through 24 have RJ45 connectors for UTP connections. Ports 25-27 support FE-100TX UTP connections, with ports 26 and 27 being transferable to optional EPIM100-FX Fast Ethernet Interface Modules.

Refer to Section 2.6.1 to make UTP connections.

Refer to Section 2.6.2 to make a Þber optic connection to an EPIM100-FX.

2.6.1 Connecting UTP Cables

Before connecting a segment to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, check each end of the segment to verify wire crossover.

Caution: To establish a link, you must have an odd number of crossovers

(preferably one) between 10BASE-T devices of the same type (i.e., from repeater to repeater or transceiver to transceiver).

Connect a twisted pair segment to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 as follows:

1. Ensure that the device at the other end of the segment is connected to the segment and is powered ON.

2. Refer to Figure 2-5. Connect the twisted pair segment to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 by inserting the RJ45 connector on the twisted pair segment into the desired RJ45 port.

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10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

CPU

COM

LINK

TX ACT FDX MON

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

RX COL 100 USR

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

25X 26X 27X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

Figure 2-5. SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Twisted Pair Connection

3. Verify that a Link exists by checking that the port LINK LED is on (solid green). If the LINK LED is off, perform the following steps until it is on:

EPIM100

a. Check that the 10BASE-T device at the other end of the twisted

pair segment is ON and connected to the segment.

a. Verify that the RJ45 connectors on the twisted pair segment have

the proper pinouts (Figure 2-6) and check the cable for continuity.

Note: RX+/RX- and TX+/TX- must share a common color pair.

Figure 2-6. Cable Pinouts - (RJ45) Crossover Cable

ELS10-27 RJ-45 Port

TX+

TX-

RX+

RX-

1 2

3 6

10Base-T Device Port

TX+

TX-

RX+

RX-

b. Check that the twisted pair connection meets the dB loss and

cable specifications.

If a link is not established, contact Cabletron Systems. Refer to Section

1.2, Getting Help, for details.

4. Repeat step 2, above, until all connections have been made.

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2.6.2 Connecting a Multimode Segment to the EPIM100-FX

The EPIM100-FX has an SC style network port (see Figure 2-8). Cabletron Systems supplies Þber optic cable that uses SC style connectors that are keyed to ensure proper crossing over of the transmit and receive Þbers.

Caution: An odd number of crossovers (preferably one) must be maintained

between devices so that the transmit port of one device is connected to the receive port of the other device and vice versa.

If the Þber optic cable being used has SC style connectors that do not resemble MIC style connectors, or has SC connectors on one end and a different type on the other, such as ST connectors, ensure that the proper crossing over occurs.

Fiber Optic Network Connection

1. Remove the protective plastic covers from the Þber optic ports on the applicable port on the module and from the ends of the connectors.

Caution: Do not touch the ends of the fiber optic strands, and do not let the ends

come in contact with dust, dirt, or other contaminants. Contamination of the ends causes problems in data transmissions. If the ends become contaminated, clean them with alcohol using a soft, clean, lint-free cloth.

2. Insert one end of the SC connector into the EPIM100-FX installed in the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. See Figure 2-7.

3. At the other end of the Þber optic cable, attach the SC connector to the other device.

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10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

EPIM100

LNK

EPIM-100FX

LNK

EPIM-100FX

EPIM100

Figure 2-7. EPIM100-FX Port

4. Verify that a Link exists by checking that the port LINK LED is solid green. If the LINK LED is off, perform the following steps until it is on:

a. Check that the power is turned on for the device at the other end

of the Link.

b. Verify proper crossing over of fiber strands between the

applicable port on the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 and the fiber optic device at the other end of the fiber optic link segment.

c. Verify that the fiber connection meets the dB loss specifications.

If a Link has not been established, contact Cabletron Systems. Refer to Section 1.2, Getting Help, for details.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is now ready to be set up through Local Management. Refer to Chapter 4, Monitoring and Managing Your SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, to conÞgure the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

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CHAPTER 3

CONFIGURING Y OUR

SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 does not require any additional conÞguration to operate as a standard, transparent switch. However, if you want to use any of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27Õs advanced functions, you must Þrst assign an IP (Internet Protocol) address on the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 to communicate with a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) manager.

To initially assign an IP address, you can use the Local Console Manager (LCM). LCM is a command-line interface built into the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 that allows you to conÞgure and manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 through the out-of-band RS232C connection attached to any non-intelligent terminal, or a PC emulating a non-intelligent terminal. (See Section 3.1, Assigning IP Addresses.)

Once you have assigned an IP address, you can use SNMP-compliant network management tools to conÞgure and manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

ConÞguration parameters are stored in an SNMP standard Management Information Base (MIB). All SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 MIB variables are listed and described in the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 MIB Reference Guide.

Note: There are some configuration options that cannot be configured using

LCM commands. You may need to modify your configuration using an NMS. See Section 3.14, Modifying MIB Variables.

The following sections describe how to conÞgure the optional parameters of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 using LCM commands, including:

¥ Assigning IP addresses

¥ Enabling and disabling bridging

¥ Displaying bridging functions

¥ Enabling and disabling trunking

¥ Displaying trunking status

¥ DeÞning and deleting virtual workgroups

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¥ Assigning a community name

Note: You can use the LCM erase command to erase all configuration

information and return the unit to default settings on the next system reset.

If you are using a network management tool other than LCM, refer to its accompanying documentation.

3.1 ASSIGNING IP ADDRESSES

You can assign an IP that can be used for the the entire device. IP addresses are divided into classes based on what portion of the address is network or port information. The address classes are A, B, and C.

¥ Class A addresses are used in very large networks that support many

ports. The Þrst byte identiÞes the network and the other three bytes identify the node. The Þrst byte of a class A address must be in the range 1-126. The address 100.125.110.10 would identify node

125.110.10 on network 100.

¥ Class B addresses are used for medium sized networks. The Þrst two

bytes identify the network and the last two identify the node. The Þrst byte of a class B address must be in the range 128-191. The address

128.150.50.10 identiÞes node 50.10 on network 128.150.

Class C addresses are used for small networks. The Þrst three bytes identify the network and the last byte identiÞes the port. The Þrst byte of a class C address must be in the range 192-223. The address 192.138.217.10 identiÞes node 10 on network 192.138.217.

3.1.1 IP Address Conﬁguration

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 offers two basic methods to conÞgure the IP address for the device. These two methods are BOOTP and the user interfaces. An IP address can also be learned by receiving an SNMP packet from the network. This IP address will be used solely to communicate with the network manager host.

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User Interfaces (Telnet)

If the IP address is modiÞed via Telnet you are prompted to ensure this change is desired. If this mechanism is used to make the change, the change will not take affect until the next reboot.

In 802.1d mode the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 allows for a single IP address set for the entire device. The single IP is accessible from any front panel port.

You are also able to conÞgure a default gateway. The default gateway is used to send IP packets to an end system that does not have an entry in the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27Õs ARP cache. The default gateway is usually a router and the parameter set for default gateway is the IP address of the router interface to which the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 is connected.

In 802.1Q mode, an IP address per vlan is allowed. You must specify a VLAN ID to use to access that IP subnet. Only one VLAN ID per IP subnet is allowed.

To assign an IP address, at the LCM prompt:

Type

ipaddr <IP ADDRESS>

For example, ipaddr 192.138.217.40 will set the IP address

192.138.217.40. LCM responds by displaying the IP address table, as shown under the ipaddr command.

BOOTP

If there is not an in-band IP address assigned to the device in non-volatile memory, the runtime image attempts to determine an in-band IP address from the network. The runtime image will send out a BOOTP request to determine its IP address. The requests will be sent out periodically until a response is received. An interval of which BOOTP requests will be issued is per the BOOTP speciÞcation. This retry mechanism goes on for approximately two minutes. If after two minutes a response is not received, the system waits for approximately Þve minutes before starting the process over again. The Þrst response the device receives is stored in non-volatile memory as the in-band IP address. As soon as an IP address is received via BOOTP, the module will cease sending out BOOTP requests completely. If the device has an IP address in non-volatile memory the module will not send out BootP requests.

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BOOTP is not supported in 802.1Q mode. If the system is running in

802.1Q mode, and a reboot of the unit takes place, the unit begins operating from Flash Boot sectors. While in Flash Boot sectors, the BOOTP function will not tag packets. When the unit becomes fully operational, it resumes operation in 802.1Q mode and tags packets.

3.1.2 Displaying IP Addresses

To display IP addresses, subnet masks, and MAC addresses of all ports on the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 you are conÞguring, at the LCM prompt:

Type address display

The address display command will display the MAC addresses, whether the address has been learned, the port the address is known on, and the age of the address entry.

Address Type Port Age(secs) VLAN ID VLAN Name

00:40:27:00:55:bf Learned 26 1 0x003 Blue

00:40:27:00:58:17 Learned 26 14 0x003 Blue

00:00:0c:19:ce:35 Learned 26 4 0x003 Blue

00:80:cf:00:02:b7 Learned 26 215 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:d8:f2:9a Learned 26 80 0x002 Green

00:40:27:07:b4:9d Learned 26 134 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:b7:08:0e Learned 26 10 0x003 Blue

08:00:20:79:fb:df Learned 17 1 0x005 Green

00:00:1d:1d:63:3c Learned 26 0 0x003 Blue

00:00:86:09:99:31 Learned 26 8 0x003 Blue

08:00:20:0f:ca:03 Learned 26 53 0x005 Green

Address Type Port Age(secs) VLAN ID VLAN Name

08:00:20:7b:d5:58 Learned 26 223 0x003 Blue

08:00:20:72:0b:1d Learned 26 55 0x003 Blue

08:00:09:56:01:fe Learned 26 18 0x003 Blue

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00:00:c0:aa:08:0e Learned 16 10 0x002 Green

00:04:ac:26:bd:8b Learned 26 170 0x003 Blue

08:00:69:07:19:a8 Learned 26 24 0x003 Blue

00:a0:c9:37:eb:17 Learned 26 130 0x005 Green

00:00:1d:1a:80:d7 Learned 26 0 0x003 Blue

00:00:c0:1a:7a:0e Learned 26 143 0x003 Blue

Enter <CR> to continue, Cntl-C to exit:

3.1.3 Deleting an IP Address

To delete an IP address, at the LCM prompt: Type ipaddr 0.0.0.0

LCM responds by redisplaying the current IP address table.

3.1.4 Changing a Subnet Mask

You can optionally set the subnet mask. A subnet mask is a 32-bit address mask used in IP to specify a particular subnet. If the subnet mask is

0.0.0.0, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 will automatically convert the displayed mask to the standard default, based on the IP address class. (Class A address masks are 255.0.0.0, Class B address masks are

255.255.0.0, Class C address masks are 255.255.255.0.)

To change the subnet mask, at the LCM prompt:

Type

ipaddr <IP ADDRESS> <SUBNET MASK>

For example, ipaddr 192.138.217.40 255.255.240.0 would set the subnet mask to 255.255.240.0. LCM responds by redisplaying the current address table.

3.1.5 Setting the Default Gateway

The Default Gateway is set using the Route command. Refer to the Route command on page 1-35.

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3.2 OPERATIONAL IMAGE

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 supports the in-band TFTP loading of Þrmware images. The method for downloading Þrmware into ßash is an Òon-lineÓ download method. Functionality of the download process is supported by the ctdownload mib.

On-line download means that the operation of the device is not affected by the downloading process. The operational image operates out of RAM and the downloading process erases ßash and loads the new image directly into ßash. If the download is unsuccessful and ßash is not programmed properly, the device will use a BOOTP upon the next boot cycle to attain an image.

In the situation where the device boots up and Þnds an empty or corrupt ßash, the device will use BOOTP to discover an image for downloading.

The device allows you to set a BOOTP Gateway address. This allows the device to pass BOOTP requests through a router that does not support proxy ARP. This process allows you to execute runtime downloads and be certain that if a failure during download occurs, the device is able to send BOOTP requests through the router.

BOOTP (RFC 951) and the Client side of TFTP are implemented to support automatic and SNMP controlled downloading.

The BOOTP protocol is a simple request/reply protocol that allows a network station to dynamically learn boot information from a Boot parameter server. SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 uses BOOTP to discover any unknown items on the following list.

¥ Our IP Address

¥ DownLoad Filename

¥ DownLoad Server IP Address

¥ Gateway IP Address to DownLoad Server (if needed)

Once any unknown boot information is acquired via BOOTP, the TFTP Protocol is used to request DownLoad Filename from DownLoad Server and store it in the Flash Þle system.

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IDENT Command

The IDENT command is enhanced to support displaying the following variables:

Part Number: Power-up test code: Diagnostic data:

Last Image File Name Last Server IP Address Flash Size Boot Revision Tephra Revision Operational Status Error String

3.3 IGMP

The Internet Group Management Protocol allows the establishment of IP multicast groups. IGMP is supported by snooping on IGMP messages to add entries to the forwarding table to limit the forwarding of multicast packets only to ports where IP Multicast devices have been heard from.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 acts as an IP Multicast Þlter and will not forward IP Multicast packets onto segments that do not have any group members. It does this by listening for IGMP packets and creating and/or modifying the appropriate Þlters. It makes use of a combination of polling and a time-out functions on groups and segments to decide when to delete all members of the group.

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 does not act as an IGMP router, meaning it WILL NOT:

¥ decrement the TTL value

¥ speciÞcally Þlter out packets with TTLÕs of 1

¥ Þlter packets with IP Multicast source addresses

¥ participate in IGMP Routing Protocols

¥ keep statistics on IP Multicast packets Þltered or forwarded

In order to ensure awareness of all ports where routers reside that are interested in IP Multicast packets, we will also monitor IP Multicast

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routing protocols to determine their location and adjust the Þlters accordingly.

When subsequent queries are heard by the CPU, the CPU notes if any response is heard for each group. A count is kept for each group indicating the number of times a query was heard and there was no response received. When the count reaches its maximum value of 5 the group entry is modiÞed and packets for that group are only forwarded to the CPU and to the query port. If an IGMPv2 speciÞc query is heard, this is not counted as having received a general query. It only counts as a valid query for that group.

If an IP Multicast/UDP packet is received by the CPU that has not had a response issued for it, an entry is placed in the data base restricting forwarding of those packets to just the CPU. The idea is, rather than place entries in the data base for all unwanted entries, wait until trafÞc is heard from the unwanted entries and then restrict it. The number of entries should therefore be smaller, and based on how quickly the CPU can respond, a limited amount of unwanted trafÞc will leak through initially. This is known as Dynamic IP Multicast Þltering and the use of it is user selectable. The default value for this selection is off. If, after creating this dynamic Þlter, there is a response, the response port is added to the Þlter. Once the response has been heard, if a querier is known, or is later heard from, it too is added to the entry. This is done with both the presence and absence of a querier.

If this feature is not selected (the default), a hardware Þlter is set to Þlter out all IP Multicast packets that are UDP packets from being received by the CPU.

You are also able to select whether you want the unit to act as an IGMP querier. This feature is used in the absence of any other IGMP queriers on the network.

Five commands are used to control the following functions:

¥ Enable/Disable IGMP Þltering - the default is enabled.

¥ Add/Delete a static IP Multicast Þlter on a group of ports.

¥ Enable/Disable Dynamic IP Multicast Þltering - the default is

disabled.

¥ Enable/Disable the unit to act as a querier - the default is disabled.

¥ Specify ports to be included in all Þlters (expected querier ports).

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3.4 ENABLING BRIDGING

The LCM bridge command allows you to set bridging options for a single port or a range of ports. The options include:

¥ off

¥ on (the default with BPDU enabled)

¥noBPDU

BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Unit) is a data unit transmitted as part of the IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree protocol. The exchange of BPDUs allows bridges within a network to logically conÞgure the network as a single spanning tree.

Note: Selecting the noBPDU option could make your network inoperable

because the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 would be unable to detect loops.

Using LCM to enable bridging for a port or port range, at the LCM prompt:

1. Type bridge [PORT-RANGE [{off|on|noBPDU}]]

For example, bridge 2 on would enable bridging on port 2.

LCM responds:

Port 2 bridging: Transparent Bridging

3.5 DISABLING BRIDGING

To turn off the bridging function for a port or port range, at the LCM prompt:

1. Type bridge [PORT-RANGE] off

For example, bridge 2 off would disable bridging on port 2.

LCM responds:

Port 2 bridging: off

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3.6 DISPLAYING BRIDGING FUNCTIONS

To display the bridging functions that are enabled for all ports, at the LCM prompt:

1. Type bridge

LCM responds with a list of all ports and the bridging function that is enabled. For example, typing bridge would display the bridging status for all ports.

Usage: bridge [PORT-RANGE [{off|on|noBPDU{]]

Port 1 bridging: Transparent Bridging Port 2 bridging: Transparent Bridging Port 3 bridging: Transparent Bridging

Port 4 bridging: Transparent Bridging

. . .

Port 27 bridging: off

You could also type bridge [PORT-RANGE] to look at a speciÞc range of ports. For example bridge 2-4 would display bridging functions for ports 2, 3, and 4.

3.7 ENABLING TRUNKING

If your network conÞguration requires you to connect two or more SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s (or other devices capable of trunking) together, but the applications you are running over the network require more than 100 Mbps of bandwidth per connection, you can use the builtin trunking feature to increase bandwidth up to 600 Mbps, without installing additional hardware on your network.

Trunking is a Cabletron Systems proprietary extension to the 802.1D Spanning Tree algorithm. It enables you to use multiple segments to connect SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s together, while maintaining Þrst-in, Þrst-out ordering of Ethernet packets. In addition, if any of the Ethernet segments conÞgured for trunking become inoperable, those Ethernet segments are automatically bypassed.

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Figure 3-1 shows two SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s connected by three 100BASE-TX crossover cables. You can connect up to three ports for sharing the traffic load. The connections must be point-to-point. That is, there cannot be any other devices on the Ethernet segments.

ELS10-27

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

COM

LINK

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

RX COL 100 USR

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

LINK

STATUS

100BASE-TX Crossover Cables (providing 600 Mbps of bandwidth)

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

COM

LINK

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

RX COL 100 USR

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

LINK

EPIM100

LINK

STATUS

ELS10-27

EPIM100

LINK

STATUS

Figure 3-1. Trunk Connections

Trunk Groups

Each set of connections between two SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s is called a Trunk Group. You can create one Trunk Group, having up to three ports, to interconnect your SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s.

Each SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 determines which ports are part of which Trunk Group. After Trunk Group conÞguration, the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27s complete the standard 802.1D Spanning Tree state changes, treating each Trunk Group as a single 802.1D Spanning Tree port.

802.1D Spanning Tree takes about thirty seconds to resolve which SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 ports are to become forwarding ports. As ports within a Trunk Group become forwarding ports, trafÞc within the Trunk Group is momentarily halted to guarantee the Þrst-in, Þrst-out ordering of the Ethernet packets.

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Note: The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27-to-SmartSTACK Ethernet

ELS10-27 connections must be point-to-point. There cannot be any other devices on those Ethernets. The ports used for trunking can be in any order. However, both ends of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27-toSmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 connections must have trunking turned on for the ports that are being used for the connections.

3.8 DISABLING TRUNKING

To turn off trunking, at the LCM prompt: Type trunk <PORT-RANGE> off

For example, trunk 25-27 off

3.9 DISPLAYING TRUNKING STATUS

To check the status of your current trunking conÞguration, at the LCM prompt:

1. Type trunk <PORT-RANGE>

The display could look like the following:

Note: IP Addresses are not required for trunking to function.

ELS10-27 > trunk 25-27

Port 25 trunking joined to Bridge MAC Addr 00:40:27:00:06:1f IP Addr 0.0.0.0 Port 26 trunking joined to Bridge MAC Addr 00:40:27:00:06:c3 IP Addr 0.0.0.0 Port 27 trunking joined to Bridge MAC Addr 00:50:36:00:07:4a IP Addr 0.0.0.0

To check the status for ports conÞgured for trunking, at the LCM prompt:

1. Type status <PORT-RANGE>

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The display could look like the following:

ELS10-27 > status 1

Port 1 Status

Type/Speed: 10B-TPX/10Mbits Port Mirroring: No Duplex Mode: Half Duplex Bridging: Transparent Bridging Enabled/Disabled: Enabled, Rip listening Spanning Tree: Forwarding Trunking State: Off Pkts Transmitted: 1693 Pkts Received: 0 Carrier Losses: 1693 Total Collisions: 0 Excess Collisions: 0 RX Missed pkts: 0 RX Runt pkts: 0 RX FCS/Align Errs: 0 Internal TX Errs: 0

Type <CR> to display port 2 status...>

The following conditions can be displayed:

¥ Broken Ñ Trunking is enabled, but the port in non-operational.

¥ Closed (or Oneway) Ñ Trunking is enabled, and the Trunking Protocol

is attempting to establish a trunk connection.

¥ Heldown Ñ Trunking is enabled, but the trunk connection was

rejected. After a short time-out period, another attempt is automatically initiated to establish a good trunk connection.

¥ Joined Ñ Trunking is enabled, and the Trunking Protocol has

established a good trunk connection.

¥ Off Ñ Trunking is not enabled.

¥ Perturbed Ñ Trunking is enabled, and a good trunk connection has

been established. However, the forwarding of data packets is temporarily suspended to allow for a change in the membership of the Trunk Group.

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3.10 PORT MIRRORING

The mirror command has two forms. One will allow the user to mirror all inbound and outbound trafÞc from one port to another. The second will allow all packets with speciÞc destination MAC addresses to be mirrored to a particular port. Up to four destination MAC addresses may be mirrored simultaneously.

mirror [port {add | del[ete]} SRC-PORT DEST-PORT]

[add[ress]{add | del[ete]} MAC-ADDRESS DEST-PORT]

[on | off]

By entering the command alone the present mirror selections will be displayed.

ELS10-27>mirror

port 5 is being mirrored to port 25.

ELS10-27>mirror

The mirror port is 7

02:98:10:03:10:09

98:45:82:94:54:76

3.11 DEFINING AND DELETING WORKGROUPS

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 allows you to deÞne logical groups of associated ports (virtual workgroups) to provide a more efÞcient ßow of trafÞc across your Ethernet network.

Virtual workgroups offer you the ability to limit broadcasts and unicasts to logical domains within the network. Workgroup destinations are recognized by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 and packets are routed directly to ports within the workgroup, eliminating the need to perform a general broadcast across each segment of the network to Þnd speciÞc host addresses.

Figure 3-2 shows an SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 that has been programmed to identify workgroups A and B. Workgroup A uses ports 3 through 5,13 and 16 and workgroup B uses ports 7, 11, 16 and 24. Port 16 connects a segment that contains both workgroup A and workgroup B hosts.

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Router

ELS10-27

EPIM100

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

25X 26X 27X

Workgroup B

Workgroup A

ETHERNET SWITCH

ELS10-27TX

RESET

LINK

STATUS

PORT STATUS MODE

STATUS

PWR

TX ACT FDX MON

CPU

COM

RX COL 100 USR

2X 4X 6X 8X 10X 12X 14X 16X 18X 20X 22X 24X

STATUS

LINK

STATUS

Figure 3-2. Deﬁning Virtual Workgroups

The LCM commands used to create the previous conÞguration are as follows:

1. To create workgroup A on ports 3, 4, 5, 13, and 16:

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 > workgroup A 3-5,13,16

LCM responds with the following display:

Name: a Ports: 3, 4, 5, 13, 16

2. To create workgroup B on ports 7, 11, 16, and 24:

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 > workgroup B 7,11,16,24

LCM responds with the following display:

Name: b Ports: 7, 11, 16, 24

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Port 16 has been assigned to a segment that includes ports that belong to workgroup A and workgroup B. Port 13 connects workgroup A to the router and port 24 connects workgroup B to the router.

All packets remain within the workgroup.

Use the LCM command, workgroup, to create, modify, and delete virtual workgroups. The full syntax of the command is as follows:

workgroup [NAME [{delete | PORT-RANGE}]]

To display all of the workgroups deÞned by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, at the LCM prompt:

Type workgroup

To display information about a speciÞc workgroup, at the LCM prompt: Type workgroup NAME

To create or modify a workgroup, at the LCM prompt: Type workgroup NAME PORT-RANGE

To delete a workgroup, at the LCM prompt: Type workgroup NAME delete

To create or modify the port list for a speciÞc workgroup, at the LCM prompt:

Type workgroup NAME PORT-RANGE

To display the network classiÞcation of a speciÞc workgroup, at the LCM prompt:

Type workgroup NAME

3.12 ASSIGNING A COMMUNITY NAME

A community name is similar to a password. You use the same steps to assign a new community name or to change an existing community name. You can then enter a community name to perform any SNMP sets. The default password is public the Þrst time you access the device.

To assign a community name, at the LCM prompt:

1. Type community

2. Enter the old community name.

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3. If one has not been assigned, public is the default name.

4. Enter the new community name.

5. LCM prompts you to verify the new community name by retyping it.

6. Retype the new community name.

3.13 CONFIGURING BROADCAST/MULTICAST STORM PROTECTION

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 provides automatic protection against broadcast/multicast storms. Broadcast storms are excessive broadcasts to all ports, typically caused by a malfunctioning device. They can result in severe network performance problems, including causing the network to crash.

To protect against broadcast/multicast storms, you must deÞne an acceptable rate for multicast trafÞc across a port. In many ways, this feature is similar to Þltering.

Each SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 port can be individually conÞgured for automatic multicast storm protection. You deÞne what level of multicasts the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 will recognize as a multicast storm by specifying the number of multicast packets that can be received within a given time period.

For example, if you conÞgure SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 to receive onto Port 3 no more than 50,000 multicasts per 10 seconds, any multicasts destined for Port 3 are discarded after the Þrst 50,000 multicasts. After 10 seconds have elapsed, another 50,000 multicasts to Port 3 will be allowed. This maintains an effective maximum rate of 50,000 multicast packets per 10 seconds.

3.14 MODIFYING MIB VARIABLES

SpeciÞc instructions for controlling SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 operations, modifying parameters, and so on, depend on the NMS you are using. This manual provides instructions for using LCM commands. However, LCM commands do not exist for all conÞguration options. You may need to modify your conÞguration using an NMS.

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This section provides several common MIB variables you may want to change. Refer to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27MIB Reference Guide for a complete listing and description of MIB variables.

Each variable is Þrst described in words, and is then identiÞed in MIB form, for example, els10-27adminGetPass - {els10-27admin 3}. The Display String line shows the range of values that can be used for the given parameter. In each case, the DisplayString is a string of ASCII characters.

3.15 SYSTEM CONTACT

The system contact parameter identiÞes the contact person who is responsible for operating the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. Typically, this parameter includes the personÕs name, company or division name, and telephone number.

sysContact - {system 4}

DisplayString (SIZE (0..255))

3.16 SYSTEM NAME

The system name is a name assigned to the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 by the network administrator. By convention, the system name is the fully qualiÞed domain name. (This name then becomes the LCM prompt.)

sysName - {system 5}

DisplayString (SIZE (0..255))

3.16.1 System Location

The system location identiÞes the physical location of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

sysLocation - {system 6}

DisplayString (SIZE (0..255))

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3.16.2 Community Names

The set community name variable (from the Cabletron proprietary MIB), must be initialized with the correct community name passwords.

All requests from any SNMP manager contain a community name Þeld. For set requests, the community name must match the set password; otherwise, the request will be rejected by the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27. For get requests, the community name must match either the set or the get community name.

Set Community Name

The set community name variable (els10-27adminAnyPass) and get community name variable (els10-27adminGetPass) must be set to the value of the community name used by the SNMP manager for performing either set or get operations. A zero length community name means that any community name is acceptable.

els10-27adminAnyPass - {els10-27admin 2}

DisplayString (SIZE (0..24))

els10-27adminGetPass - {els10-27admin 2}

DisplayString (SIZE (0..24))

3.16.3 Aging Parameter

Dynamic (learned) addresses are automatically deleted from the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Bridge Address Table after a certain length of time. The aging time default is Þve minutes, as set by the IEEE

802.1d standard. However, you can change the aging parameter with the

MIB variable dot1dTpAgingTime.

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 continually compares the actual age of each dynamic address against the age speciÞed by the

dot1dTpAgingTime parameter, and deletes any addresses that are older

than the age speciÞed (or older than Þve minutes if you are using the default). Typically, there is no need to set the aging time to a very small number because the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 Bridge Address Table supports 979 addresses.

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CHAPTER 4

MONITORING AND MANAGING

YOUR SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27

Monitoring the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 consists of collecting and analyzing statistics and system status information.

You can use the Select button on the front panel of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 to monitor segment status on any of the Ethernet ports. Refer to Section 2.1 for a description of the segment status options.

Basic management of the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 consists of disabling or enabling Ethernet ports, setting the community name for the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27, and changing the baud rate for your Local Console Manager (LCM) connection.

4.1 SMARTST ACK ETHERNET ELS10-27 MANAGEMENT TOOLS

LCM is a command-line interface built into the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 that enables you to monitor and manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 through the out-of-band RS232C connection attached to any non-intelligent terminal. You can also use one of the following Cabletron Systems Network Management Stations (NMSs), or a standard SNMP-based NMS to manage the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27:

¥ SPECTRUM

¥ SPMA

¥ SPEL

¥ Any SNMP-based NMS

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4.2 MIB SUPPORT

This section lists the SNMP MIBs supported by SmartSTACK ELS10-27. These MIBs allow the user to conÞgure virtually all features and functions of the product. These MIBs also allow this device to be managed by an SNMP management application.

RFC1213 MIBII

RFC1757 RMON (Statistics, History, Alarm, and Event)

RFC1493 Bridge MIB

ctmib2ext

ctbridge ctBridgeStp only

ctdownload

ctfastethernet mib

stacktrunk-mib

FlowControl

4.3 RMON SUPPORT

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 has the ability to support four of the nine RMON MIB groups. The four groups are Ethernet Statistics, History, Alarms, and Events. RMON is supported on all ports at all times.

¥ Ethernet Statistics:

¥ The History Group: The History Group consists of two sub groups.

¥ The History Control Group

The History Control Group controls the periodic statistical sampling of data from the system. This group stores conÞguration entries that each deÞne, an interface, a polling period, and needed control parameters.

¥ The Ethernet History Group

The Ethernet History Group records periodic statistical samples from the system and stores them for later retrieval.

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¥ The Alarm Group: The Alarm Group periodically takes statistical

samples from variables in the system and compares them to thresholds that have been conÞgured. This group stores conÞguration entries that each deÞne, a variable, polling period, and threshold parameters.

¥ The Event Group: The Event Group consists of two groups.

¥ The Event Group

The Event Group: The Event Group controls the generation and notiÞcation of events from this device. Each entry in this group describes the parameters of the event that can be triggered.

and a sub group known as the

¥ Log Group:

The Log group is nothing more than a list of events. Each entry in this group is a set of data describing a given event that has been logged.

4.3.1 RMON High Level Description

The History Control Group and the Ethernet History Group

These two groups work together to collect and save statistics for later viewing. You can, via SNMP commands, create entries in the History Control Group. Each control group identiÞes a source (data source) that statistics are taken from, an interval to control how often the statistics are taken, and a requested number of statistical snapshots that should be saved (these snapshots are known as buckets).

Up to 30 snapshots (buckets) per control group entry can be conÞgured and will be saved in memory. You are allowed to request up to a maximum of 400 buckets. Up to 30 buckets may be assigned to a Control Group as long as the total number of buckets does not exceed the maximum of 400.

Each control group requires a timer to go off and trigger the collection of data. Once the data is collected it is stored in the next available bucket of the Ethernet History Group. Statistics are polled from the hardware and stored in memory. The RMON function does not collect statistics from the hardware directly, but rather references the copy in memory.

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As soon as you create a History control group, a timer is set up and the process of collecting statistics begins. Waiting for the system clock to reach a special time does NOT happen.

Alarm Group, the Event Group, and the Log Group

These three groups work together to take statistical samples and process them. You can, via SNMP commands, create entries in both the Alarm Group and the Event Group. The Alarm group periodically takes statistical samples from variables in the system memory and compares them to thresholds that are conÞgured. If a sample is found to cross a threshold value, an event is generated. The Event Group is called to mark this as a signiÞcant event. The operator entered Event Group input decides what to do with the event. Its choices are, ignore the event, log the event via the Log Group, send an SNMP trap, or both log the event and send the trap. The Log GroupÕs only function is to log and maintain the given events for later retrieval.

Note: When a threshold in one direction is passed an event is triggered. Another

event for this alarm will not be triggered until the threshold in the other direction is passed. You are allowed to enter a total of 60 alarms. A total of 128 events are stored in the Log Group. No Log Group entry is stored in non volatile memory. If power on the box is cycled, all entries in the Log Group are lost.

You have a choice of how to sample the selected variable. The choice is absolute value and delta value. With absolute value, the value of the selected variable is compared directly with the thresholds at the end of the sampling interval. With delta value, samples are taken twice per interval, each time samples are taken the delta value of the last two samples are added and then compared to the threshold. This allows the detection of threshold crossings that span the sampling boundary.

4.3.2 RMON Details

Creating A New Group Entry

Two methods of creating a new entry in a group exist. The Þrst is the standard and approved method. It is an operator request (SNMP) to set the status of a non existing entry to create (CREATE_REQUEST). The second is an operator request (SNMP) to set any read write variable in an entry that does not exist.

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You are, when creating entries in these groups, under no obligation to make sure they are in chronological order. However, to make the output display more readable they should be in chronological order. This means, when the entries for the groups are created or restored they should be made into some type of linked list, so new entries can be placed where they are needed to make a more understandable or readable output.

Whenever a request to create or modify a group entry is accepted, a ten minute timer will be set. If the entry is not completely updated (status set to VALID) when the timer goes off, the group entry is ßushed. As soon as the entry is validated and the status set to VALID, the above set timer is canceled. This step is done to ensure that memory and nonvolatile memory do not get Þlled with entries that cannot be used.

Modifying Any Group Entry

Entries in the above mentioned groups cannot be modiÞed (even if the access is read/write) unless the status is set to something other than VALID. This means you must go through a three step process to modify a group entry.

1. Send a set command to set the status of a given group entry to UNDER_CREATION.

2. Send set commands to modify all other needed values in this entry.

3. Send a set command to change the status of the given entry back to VALID.

When a set status to VALID request is received, the message must be checked for other set requests for this group entry. If any are found, they must be processed before the set status to VALID request or they will be returned as an error. This must be done because it cannot be guaranteed that the set status to VALID command will be the last command in the message. It is possible for it to come Þrst followed by all other requests. When the set status to VALID request is being processed the entire group entry must be validated and appropriate action taken to return an error or success. If an error is found the error_status Þeld should be set to BAD_VALUE and the error_index Þeld should be set to point to the Þrst offending entry. If no error is found the status of the entry is set to VALID, the clean up timer is canceled, and the group entry is stored in nonvolatile memory.

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Modifying The Number Of Statistic Samples Saved

The number of buckets (snapshots) of Ethernet statistics saved is set via an SNMP command. The number may be modiÞed at any time. When the number of buckets reaches the value set, the saved statistics in the oldest bucket associated with this History Control Group entry are replaced by the values of the current statistics. If the number of buckets changes to a number that is less than what is currently stored, enough of the oldest buckets are deleted, and any allocated memory is freed. If the number of buckets changes to a number greater than the current value, the number of entries is allowed to grow (i.e. more memory is allocated).

Each entry of the History Control Group requires statistics to be collected at a given interval (HistoryControlTable.Interval). The needed timers must now be setup. Also, memory must be allocated for each needed entry of the Ethernet History Group. The value of HistoryControlTable.BucketsRequested must be checked and the code should attempt to allocate this number of Ethernet History Group entries. If this amount of memory cannot be allocated the HistoryControl.BucketsGranted must be updated to reßect the correct value.

4.4 SMARTSTACK ETHERNET ELS10-27 STATISTICS

The SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 gathers statistics that can help you build a comprehensive proÞle of the network trafÞc ßow between each Local Area Network (LAN) you are connecting, as well as the network trafÞc ßow between each Ethernet port on the SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27.

SmartSTACK Ethernet ELS10-27 statistics are divided into four groups:

¥ System statistics

¥ Ethernet port statistics

¥ TrafÞc analysis statistics

¥ SNMP statistics

You can use this information to analyze your overall network performance and to make conÞguration changes as necessary. For example, Ethernet port statistics can help you identify network devices that require high bandwidth, and therefore should be connected through

4-6