Cabletron Systems HSIM-W6 User Manual

HSIM-W6

USER’S GUIDE

LNK STS

WIDE AREA1

TELCO

LNK STS

ASYNC

LNK STS

WIDE AREA2

TELCO

HSIM-W6

CPU

225700

Notice

Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in speciﬁcations and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made.

The hardware, ﬁrmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice. IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMA GES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED T O LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF CABLETRON SYSTEMS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF, KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.



Part Number: 9032257-01 September 1997

Cabletron Systems, LANVIEW, QuickSET,

trademarks of Cabletron Systems, Inc. All other product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

FCC Notice

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

NOTE:

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment uses, generates, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in accordance with the operator’s manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

WARNING:

could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

Changes or modifications made to this device which are not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance

and

SPECTRUM

are registered trademarks, and

HSIM

and

QuickSTART

are

DOC Notice

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide i

Notice

VCCI Notice

This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used in a domestic environment, radio disturbance may arise. When such trouble occurs, the user may be required to take corrective actions.

Cabletron Systems, Inc. Program License Agreement

IMPORTANT:

This document is an agreement between you, the end user, and Cabletron Systems, Inc. (“Cabletron”) that sets forth your rights and obligations with respect to the Cabletron software program (the “Program”) contained in this package. The Program may be contained in ﬁrmware, chips or other media. BY UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, WHICH INCLUDES THE LICENSE AND THE LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, PROMPTLY RETURN THE UNUSED PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND.

Before utilizing this product, carefully read this License Agreement.

Cabletron Software Program License

1. LICENSE

conditions of this License Agreement. You may not copy , reproduce or transmit an y part of the Program except as permitted by the Cop yright Act of the United States or

as authorized in writing by Cabletron.

2. OTHER RESTRICTIONS. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the Program.

3. APPLICABLE LA W. This License Agreement shall be interpreted and governed under the laws and in the state and federal courts

of New Hampshire. You accept the personal jurisdiction and venue of the New Hampshire courts.

. You have the right to use only the one (1) copy of the Program provided in this package subject to the terms and

ii HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

Exclusion of Warranty and Disclaimer of Liability

Notice

1. EXCLUSION OF

expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including its documentation and media). CABLETRON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OTHER THAN THOSE SUPPLIED TO YOU BY CABLETRON IN

WRITING, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THE PROGRAM, THE ACCOMP ANYING WRITTEN MA TERIALS, AND ANY A CCOMP ANYING HARDWARE.

2. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE

LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR RELIANCE DAMAGES, OR OTHER LOSS) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS CABLETRON PRODUCT, EVEN IF CABLETRON HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. BECAUSE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, OR ON THE DURATION OR LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, IN SOME INSTANCES THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

WARRANTY. Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in writing, Cabletron makes no warranty,

United States Government Restricted Rights

The enclosed product (a) was developed solely at priv ate e xpense; (b) contains “restricted computer software” submitted with restricted rights in accordance with Section 52227-19 (a) through (d) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights Clause and its successors, and (c) in all respects is proprietary data belonging to Cabletron and/or its suppliers.

For Department of Defense units, the product is licensed with “Restricted Rights” as deﬁned in the DoD Supplement to the Federal Acquisition Regulations, Section 52.227-7013 (c) (1) (ii) and its successors, and use, duplication, disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at

252.227-7013. Cabletron Systems, Inc., 35 Industrial Way, Rochester, New Hampshire 03867-0505.

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide iii

Notice

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Application of Council Directive(s):

Manufacturer’s Name:

Manufacturer’s Address:

European Representative Name:

European Representative Address:

Conformance to Directive(s)/Product Standards:

Equipment T ype/Environment:

W e the undersigned, hereby declare, under our sole responsibility, that the equipment packaged with this notice conforms to the above directives.

89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC 91/263/EEC

Cabletron Systems, Inc. 35 Industrial Way

PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03867

Mr. J. Solari Cabletron Systems Limited

Nexus House, Newbury Business Park London Road, Newbury Berkshire RG13 2PZ, England

EC Directive 89/336/EEC EC Directive 73/23/EEC EC Directive 91/263/EEC EN 55022 EN 50082-1 EN 60950

Networking Equipment, for use in a Commercial or Light Industrial Environment.

Manufacturer Legal Representative in Europe Mr. Ronald Fotino Mr. J. Solari

___________________________________ ___________________________________

Full Name Full Name Principal Compliance Engineer Managing Director - E.M.E.A.

___________________________________ ___________________________________

Title Title Rochester, NH, USA Newbury, Berkshire, England

___________________________________ ___________________________________

Location Location

iv HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Structure of this Guide ....................................................................................1

Related Documents ........................................................................................2

Document Conventions...................................................................................3

Getting Help....................................................................................................4

CHAPTER 2 ABOUT THE HSIM-W6

HSIM-W6 Hardware........................................................................................5

WAN Connection......................................................................................5

Additional Features...................................................................................7

Remote Management Capabilities..................................................................7

Optional Feature .............................................................................................8

HSIM-W6 Firmware Support...........................................................................8

WAN Protocols.........................................................................................8

Inverse Multiplexing................................................................................10

Firmware Data Compression..................................................................10

HDLC......................................................................................................11

DHCP and NAT......................................................................................11

Point-to-Point Protocol............................................................................12

PAP and CHAP Security ........................................................................12

LQM........................................................................................................13

Multilink Protocol ....................................................................................13

ISDN.......................................................................................................14

ISDN Back-up.........................................................................................15

HDSL......................................................................................................16

Bridging and Routing..............................................................................16

Bridging and Routing Protocol Filtering..................................................18

System Passwords.................................................................................18

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) ....................................19

Software and Firmware Upgrades..........................................................22

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide v

Contents

CHAPTER 3 ISDN LINE ORDERING AND CONFIGURATION

Arranging ISDN Service................................................................................23

Telephone Switch Support............................................................................24

ISDN BRI Line Configuration ........................................................................24

ISDN BRI Configurations........................................................................25

SPIDs, Directory Numbers and Telephone Numbers.............................25

Telephone Switch Parameters......................................................................26

CHAPTER 4 PLANNING FOR HSIM-W6 ISDN CONFIGURATION

Configuration Process and Terminology.......................................................29

Collect Network Information ...................................................................30

Names and Passwords...........................................................................30

ISDN Line Information ............................................................................31

Network Information Diagrams...............................................................32

Network Information Tables....................................................................38

Sample Configuration....................................................................................42

Names and Passwords Example..................................................................48

CHAPTER 5 INSTALLATION

Unpacking the HSIM-W6...............................................................................49

Guidelines for Installations............................................................................49

Installing Interface Modules ..........................................................................50

Installing WAN Port Interface Modules (WPIMs) ..........................................50

CSX-COMP/ENCR Installation .....................................................................52

Installing an HSIM.........................................................................................54

Installing an HSIM in an Interface Module..............................................54

Installing an HSIM in a SmartSWITCH Chassis.....................................56

vi HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

Contents

CHAPTER 6 HSIM-W6 CONFIGURATION WITH

HSIM Configuration.......................................................................................61

HSIM Configuration Window ..................................................................62

Wide Area 1 and 2 Configuration..................................................................66

Wide Area T1 Configuration Window .....................................................67

Wide Area E1 Configuration Window .....................................................70

Wide Area DI Configuration Window......................................................72

Wide Area Synchronous Configuration Window.....................................75

Wide Area DDS Configuration Window..................................................78

Wide Area HDSL Configuration Window................................................80

Wide Area Frame Relay Time Slot Configuration Window.....................82

Wide Area PPP Time Slot Configuration Window ..................................84

Wide Area HDSL Time Slot Configuration Window................................86

Bridging and Routing Configuration..............................................................88

Bridging and Routing Configuration Window..........................................88

Bridging and Routing (WAN Frame Type) Configuration Window..........94

Routing Configuration Window...............................................................96

IP Routing Configuration ........................................................................97

IPX Routing Configuration......................................................................97

Advanced Routing Configuration Window............................................100

QuickSET Pull-Down Menus ................................................................106

Advanced Configuration Menu .............................................................111

Compression & Congestion Window....................................................112

QUICKSET

CHAPTER 7 GENERAL CONFIGURATION USING LOCAL MANAGEMENT

Chapter Organization..................................................................................115

Local Management Overview......................................................................116

Management Agent ..............................................................................116

Local vs. Remote Management............................................................116

Local Management Screen Elements...................................................117

Local Management Keyboard Conventions..........................................119

Navigating Within Local Management Screens....................................120

Local Management Screen Hierarchy ..................................................121

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide vii

Contents

Accessing Local Management....................................................................121

Establishing a TELNET Connection .....................................................121

Using the Menu Screens ......................................................................122

Main Menu Screen......................................................................................123

Setup Menu Screen ....................................................................................124

System Level Screen..................................................................................126

Setting the System Date.......................................................................128

Setting the System Time ......................................................................128

Setting the Host IP Address .................................................................129

Setting the Subnet Mask ......................................................................129

Setting the Default Gateway.................................................................130

Setting the Default Interface.................................................................130

SNMP Community Names Screen..............................................................131

Community Name Access Policy..........................................................132

Setting SNMP Community Names .......................................................132

SNMP Traps Screen...................................................................................133

Trap Table Screen Fields .....................................................................133

Setting the SNMP Trap Destination......................................................134

Flash Download Screen..............................................................................135

Selecting a Flash Download Method....................................................136

Bridge Setup Screen...................................................................................139

Bridge Setup Screen Fields..................................................................139

Selecting a Spanning Tree Protocol.....................................................140

Selecting the Bridge Port Administrative Status...................................140

Selecting the Bridge Port Pair Administrative Status............................141

Router Setup Screen...................................................................................142

Router Setup Screen Fields .................................................................142

IP Configuration Screen..............................................................................143

IP Configuration Screen Fields.............................................................143

IP General Config Screen.....................................................................144

IP General Configuration Status Fields ................................................144

IP General Configuration Fields ...........................................................145

Enabling the RIP on a Port...................................................................151

viii HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

IPX Configuration Screen............................................................................153

IPX Configuration Fields.......................................................................153

IPX General Configuration Screen .......................................................155

IPX General Configuration Status Fields..............................................155

IPX General Configuration Fields.........................................................156

IPX Routing over Frame Relay.............................................................159

Enabling the IPX SAP Protocol on a Port.............................................160

Enabling the RIP on a Port...................................................................162

WAN Setup .................................................................................................164

WAN Physical Configuration Screen Fields .........................................165

WAN Interface Configuration Screen..........................................................166

WAN Interface Configuration Screen Fields.........................................166

CHAPTER 8 MIB NAVIGATOR

Chapter Organization..................................................................................169

MIB Navigator Screen.................................................................................170

Managing Device MIBs.........................................................................170

MIB Navigator Command Set Overview .....................................................171

Conventions for MIB Navigator Commands .........................................172

Navigation Commands................................................................................173

Other Commands........................................................................................182

Special Commands.....................................................................................196

Contents

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide ix

Contents

CHAPTER 9 TROUBLESHOOTING

Troubleshooting HSIM-W6 Hardware.........................................................201

Power (PWR) LED is OFF....................................................................201

Processor (CPU) LED is OFF...............................................................201

Processor (CPU) LED is RED ..............................................................202

ASYNC Console Connection ......................................................................202

Link (LNK) LED is OFF.........................................................................202

Link (LNK) LED is RED or GREEN ......................................................202

Link (LNK) LED is AMBER ...................................................................202

Status (STS) LED is OFF .....................................................................202

Status (STS) LED is AMBER................................................................202

Status (STS) LED is GREEN or GREEN (Blinking)..............................202

Status (STS) LED is AMBER (Blinking)................................................203

Troubleshooting the WAN...........................................................................203

Link (LNK) LED is OFF.........................................................................203

Link (LNK) LED is RED ........................................................................203

Link (LNK) LED is AMBER ...................................................................203

Status (STS) LED is OFF .....................................................................204

Status (STS) LED is RED.....................................................................205

Status (STS) LED is AMBER................................................................205

Status (STS) LED is AMBER (blinking)................................................206

Status (STS) LED is GREEN................................................................206

Investigating Software Configuration Problems..........................................207

Connection to Device Fails During Software Configuration..................207

User Cannot Communicate with Remote Network Station...................207

x HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

APPENDIX A WPIM CABLE SPECIFICATIONS

WPIM-T1.....................................................................................................209

WPIM-SY ....................................................................................................211

EIA-449.................................................................................................212

V.35 ......................................................................................................213

EIA-232.................................................................................................215

X.21 ......................................................................................................216

EIA-530, EIA-530 ALT A, EIA-530 A, and EIA-530 A ALT A................217

WPIM-DDS..................................................................................................219

WPIM-E1.....................................................................................................220

WPIM-DI......................................................................................................222

WPIM-HDSL................................................................................................223

WPIM-S/T....................................................................................................224

APPENDIX B SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS COMPLIANCE

Regulatory Compliance...............................................................................225

Individual WPIM Regulatory Compliance....................................................226

WPIM-TI ...............................................................................................226

WPIM-SY..............................................................................................226

WPIM-DDS...........................................................................................227

WPIM-E1 ..............................................................................................227

WPIM-DI...............................................................................................227

WPIM-S/T.............................................................................................228

WPIM-HDSL.........................................................................................228

Contents

APPENDIX C NETWORK INFORMATION WORKSHEETS

APPENDIX D FCC PART 68 - USER’S INFORMATION FOR HSIM-W6

APPENDIX E GLOSSARY

INDEX

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide xi

Contents

xii HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

Introduction

Welcome to the Cabletron Systems conﬁguration information, hardware speciﬁcations and troubleshooting tips for the HSIM-W6. This document also provides guidelines for routing and bridging over Wide Area Networks (WANs).

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

. This guide provides basic

Structure of this Guide

This guide is organized as follows:

Chapter 1, Introduction Chapter 2, About the HSIM-W6

and features.

Chapter 3, ISDN Line Ordering and Configuration

ISDN service from the telephone company.

Chapter 4, Planning for CSX400 ISDN Configuration

process.

Chapter 5, Installation Chapter 6, HSIM-W6 Conﬁguration with QuickSET

HSIM-W6 to a Wide Area Network (WAN) using Cabletron Systems utility.

, details document conventions and pro vides information on getting help.

, describes the hardware components and software protocols

provides the information you need to order

describes the router conﬁguration

, provides detailed installation instructions.

, provides instructions on connecting the

QuickSET

management

Chapter 7, General Configuration Using Local Management

conﬁguring the HSIM-W6 through a TELNET connection.

Chapter 8, MIB Navigator Chapter 9, Troubleshooting

on the HSIM-W6.

Appendix A, WPIM Cable Specifications

WPIMs.

Appendix B, Specifications and Standards Compliance

safety and compliance information.

, explains how to use the MIB Navigator utility.

, provides detailed troubleshooting tips using the LANVIEW LEDs

, provides part number and connector information for

, provides hardware speciﬁcations and

, provides instructions for

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide 1

Chapter 1: Introduction

Appendix C, Network Information Worksheets

worksheets.

Appendix D, FCC Part 68 - User’s Information For HSIM-W6

to comply with FCC Rules, Part 68.

Appendix E, Glossary

, deﬁnes commonly used terms.

, provides blank network information

, provides instructions required

Document Conventions

The following conventions are used throughout this guide:

Note

NOTE

TIP

symbol. Calls the reader’s attention to any item of information that may be of

special importance.

Tip

symbol. Conveys helpful hints concerning procedures or actions.

Chapter 1: Introduction

CAUTION

WARNING

Caution

Electrical Hazard Warning

personal injury or death due to an electrical hazard.

Warning

symbol. Contains information essential to avoid damage to the equipment.

symbol. Warns against an action that could result in

symbol. Warns against an action that could result in personal injury or death.

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide 3

Chapter 1: Introduction

Getting Help

If you need additional support related to this device, or if you have any questions, comments, or suggestions concerning this manual, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center:

Phone (603) 332-9400 Internet mail support@ctron.com FTP ctron.com (134.141.197.25)

BBS (603) 335-3358

Modem setting 8N1: 8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit

For additional information about Cabletron Systems or our products, visit our World Wide Web site: http://www.cabletron.com/ For technical support, select Service and Support.

Before calling the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center, have the following information ready:

•

A description of the failure

• A description of any action(s) already taken to resolve the problem (e.g., changing mode

switches, rebooting the unit, etc.)

anonymous your email address

• A description of your network environment (layout, cable type, etc.)

• Network load and frame size at the time of trouble (if known)

• The serial and revision numbers of all Cabletron Systems products in the network

• The device history (i.e., have you returned the device before, is this a recurring problem, etc.)

• Any previous Return Material Authorization (RMA) numbers

4 HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

About the HSIM-W6

The HSIM-W6 (Figure 1) offers high-speed W ide Area Netw ork (WAN) access to remote sites via two WAN Port Interface Modules (WPIMs) to the device into which it is installed. The HSIM-W6 supports IEEE 802.1d transparent bridging, IP routing, IPX routing between the host device and the two WAN connections, ISDN, Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP), Network Address Translation (NAT), and Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX) between Ethernet LANs across a WAN resource. In addition, the ASYNC port connector can be used as a local console connection.

HSIM-W6

CPU

225700

LNK

STS

WIDE AREA1

TELCO

ASYNC

LNK

STS

Figure 1 The HSIM-W6

LNK STS

WIDE AREA2

TELCO

HSIM-W6 Hardware

This section details the HSIM-W6 hardware capabilities.

WAN Connection

The HSIM-W6 supports Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) including: Link Control Protocol (LCP), BNCP, IPCP, IPXCP, LQM, Multilink Protocol (MP) and CHAP and PAP, ISDN-BRI and Frame Relay protocols through one of the following WAN port interface modules (WPIMs):

• The WPIM-T1 provides a T1 interface through a front panel RJ45 port and includes a built-in

Channel Service Unit/Digital Service Unit (CSU/DSU) for direct connection to a T1 line. The WPIM-T1 provides both Full T1 or Fractional T1 using 56 or 64 Kbps timeslots, with a total throughput of up to 1.544 Mbps.

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide 5

Chapter 2: About the HSIM-W6

• The WPIM-SY provides a synchronous serial connection of up to 2.048 Mbps to external

communications equipment (e.g., a multiplexer or CSU/DSU). The WPIM-Sync uses a subminiature 26-pin connector that supports the following electrical signal interfaces (see the

Synchronous WAN Conﬁguration Window section in Chapter 4 for speciﬁc cable part

numbers):

• EIA-RS449

• V.35

• EIA-RS232D

• X.21

• EIA-RS530

• EIA-530A

• RS530 AL T A

• RS530A AL T A

• The WPIM-DDS provides a 56 Kbps or 64 Kbps Digital Data Service (DDS) connection. The

WPIM-DDS supports remote CSU diagnostic or 64 Kbps clear channel loopback and non-latching remote DSU diagnostic loopback.

• The WPIM-E1 provides an E1 interface through a front panel RJ45 port and includes a built-in

CSU/DSU for direct connection to an E1 line. The WPIM-E1 provides both Full E1 or Fractional E1 using 56 or 64 Kbps timeslots with a total throughput of up to 2 Mbps.

• The WPIM-DI provides a T1 interface through a front panel RJ45 port and includes a built-in

CSU/DSU for direct connection to a T1 line. The WPIM-DI provides both Full T1 or Fractional T1 using 56 or 64 Kbps timeslots and also provides a second Drop-and-Insert interface, which allows more than one device to share a single T1 connection.

• The WPIM-S/T provides an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 128 Kbps Basic Rate

Interface (BRI) for the HSIM-W6. The WPIM-S/T pro vides an ISDN back-up link for a remote site or branch ofﬁce when the main WPIM for a frame relay or leased line loses a connection or becomes disabled. An NT-1 adapter is necessary for this interface in the United States.

• The WPIM-HDSL provides a connection for users in a campus environment, or ha v e access to

local subscriber loops, who want to send their data over their existing telephone lines, that may run between ﬂoors, buildings, or other physical structures, at rates of up to 1.544 Mbps. HDSL supports line lengths of up to 3, 657 meters (12,000 feet) over 24 AWG (American Wire Gauge) Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling.

6 HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

Chapter 2: About the HSIM-W6

• The WPIM-T1/DDS provides both a T1 and DDS interface that allows you to easily switch

between the two interfaces by changing the physical cabling and reconﬁguring QuickSET for the desired interface. The WPIM-T1/DDS has the capabilities of both the WPIM-T1 and WPIM-DDS.

Additional Features

FLASH EEPROMs — The HSIM-W6 uses FLASH Electrically Erasable Programmable

Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) that allows the downloading of new and updated ﬁrmware in conjunction with Cabletron Systems QuickSET or any device using BootP or TFTP protocols.

LANVIEW LEDs — Cabletron Systems LANVIEW Status Monitoring and Diagnostics System is

a troubleshooting tool that helps in the diagnosing of power failures, collisions, cable faults, and link problems. The LANVIEW LEDs are located on the HSIM-W6 front panel.

Remote Management Capabilities

The HSIM-W6 can be remotely managed with any SNMP network management system including the following:

• Cabletron Systems SPECTRUM

• Cabletron Systems Remote SPECTRUM Portable Management Applications (SPMAs)

• Third party SNMP compliant network management packages

• Cabletron Systems QuickSET

• Cabletron Systems SPECTRUM Element Manager (SPEL)

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide 7

Chapter 2: About the HSIM-W6

Optional Feature

Hardware Data Compression Module (CSX-COMP/ENCR) — The same industry standard

STAC Electronics Stacker LZS Compression algorithm supported by HSIM-W6 software is made available by an optional hardware data compression module that accelerates data compression for the HSIM-W6 over PPP and Frame Relay. Depending on the packet type and size, hardware data compression provides a minimum of 2:1 data compression, giving 3 Mbps throughput on each T-1 WPIM interface. To use the hardware data compression module, compatible equipment (such as the HSIM-W6, CSX200, and CSX400 or other vendors’ equipment which conforms to the applicable standards), must be in use at both ends of the WAN link. When the hardware data compression module is installed on the board, it automatically assumes the compression task from software. There is no conﬁguration necessary to prioritize hardware over software compression.

HSIM-W6 Firmware Support

The HSIM-W6 ﬁrmware supports IEEE 802.1d bridging, and IP and IPX routing, and OSI Layer 2 Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX), which allows both WAN channels to be used as a single, high bandwidth, WAN channel. Wide Area Networking includes Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP),

Frame Relay, and ISDN. Remote access is via Full or Fractional T1, E1, Synchronous, Digital

Data Service, ISDN BRI, or HDSL connections. This device supports industry-standard protocols, security features, compression algorithms and

network management tools to ensure interoperability with equipment from other vendors.

WAN Protocols

This device supports the following WAN protocols over the WAN port:

• Point-to-Point Compression Control Protocol (CCP) as deﬁned by RFC 1962

• Point-to-Point Protocol (LCP) as deﬁned by RFC 1661

• Point-to-Point Protocol (BNCP) as deﬁned by RFC 1638

• Point-to-Point Protocol (IPCP) as deﬁned by RFC 1473

• Point-to-Point Protocol (IPXCP) as deﬁned by RFC 1552

• Frame Relay as deﬁned by RFC 1490

• Frame Relay Data Compression Protocol (DCP) as deﬁned by FRF.9

• Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX)

8 HSIM-W6 User’s Guide

Chapter 2: About the HSIM-W6

• Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) as deﬁned by RFC 1541

• Network Address Translation (NAT) routing as deﬁned by RFC 1631

• Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

(CHAP) under PPP as deﬁned by RFC 1994

• Point-to-Point Protocol Line Quality Monitoring (LQM) as deﬁned by RFC 1333

• Point-to-Point Protocol Multilink Protocol (MP) as deﬁned by RFC 1717

• Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Basic Rate Interface (BRI) as deﬁned by Q.921/

Q.931

• Frame Relay Link Management Interface (LMI) as deﬁned by ANSI T1.617 Annex D and ITU

Q.933 Annex A

• Frame Relay Data Encapsulation as deﬁned by RFC 1490

• Frame Relay Data Compression Protocol (DCP) as deﬁned by FRF.9

PPP is a data link layer industry standard WAN protocol for transferring multi-protocol data trafﬁc over point-to-point connections. With this protocol, options such as security, data compression, and network protocols can be negotiated over the connection.

Frame Relay is a packet-switching data communications protocol that statistically multiplexes many data conv ersations o ver a single transmission link. Data compression allows Frame Relay to negotiate compression over Frame Relay permanent virtual circuits (PVCs)

ISDN BRI is a switched Data Link layer control protocol which uses digital signaling to place a call into an ISDN network. Once the call is made, PPP is then used to transfer data.

HSIM-W6 User’s Guide 9

Chapter 2: About the HSIM-W6

Inverse Multiplexing

NOTE

Cabletron Systems products that support Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX), such as the HSIM-W6, CSX400, and HSIM-4T1, must exist on both ends of the WAN link for the IMUX function to work.

Both bridging and routing functions are disabled when using the IMUX function.

Cabletron Systems Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX) feature provides enhanced throughput for users by doing each of the following:

• The IMUX function evenly distributes a data packet stream from the LAN interface through the

two WAN interfaces on the HSIM-W6. Since the data trafﬁc is equally shared between the tw o Full T1 interfaces, each with 1.5 Mbps throughput, the total throughput over the logical link is 3 Mbps, or 6 Mbps full-duplex operation with the optional hardware compression module (CSX-COMP/ENCR) installed in the HSIM-W6.

• The IMUX function passes packet sequence information over the WAN using the Point-to-Point

Protocol (PPP) to support data coherency on both ends of the link.

• Data packet streams received by the WAN interfaces on the other end of the WAN link are then

recombined, ordered, and transmitted to the LAN interface.

• The IMUX function is fully conﬁgurable using QuickSET, which is discussed in the Bridging

and Routing Conﬁguration section of Chapter 4 and the MIB Navigator command set

discussed in Chapter 6.

Firmware Data Compression

The STAC Electronics Stacker LZS Compression algorithm provides a minimum of 2:1 ﬁrmware data compression for the HSIM-W6 over PPP and Frame Relay. Firmware data compression is supported in software on each WAN interface for line speeds of up to 256 Kbps per WPIM, which is equivalent to four DS0 channels. To use data compression, compatible equipment, (such as the HSIM-W6, CSX400, and CSX200 or other vendors’ equipment which conforms to the applicable standards), must be in use at both ends of the WAN link. This ﬁrmware method of data compression is used as the default, if the hardware compression module is not installed.

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HDLC

Cabletron Systems has provided the High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol which is used in conjunction with the Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX) feature and the WPIM-HDSL to conserve a user’s WAN bandwidth between two Cabletron Systems products, over a point-to-point connection. Cabletron Systems products such as the HSIM-W6, CSX200, and CSX400 must be in use on both ends of the WAN link for these functions to work. The HDLC (RAW) protocol reduces the amount of overhead information that needs to be contained within each data packet to direct it to its destination. This decreased packet overhead provides the IMUX and HDSL functions with more bandwidth to transfer user data.

DHCP and NAT

The Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP) and Network Address Translation (NAT) method eliminates the expense of purchasing limited public IP addresses for each client on a local network, and the need to re-conﬁgure a client if it is moved to a different network.

The HSIM-W6 acts as a DHCP server that allows individual clients (PCs, network equipment) to take turns using a range of private IP addresses (often referred to as local IP addresses), and provides optional secondary setup features for these clients on a per-port basis. The HSIM-W6 distributes these addresses dynamically, assigning a local IP address to an individual client from a range of 253 available addresses in its table on a ﬁrst-come-ﬁrst-served basis. This local IP address is then “leased” for an predetermined amount of time, which is conﬁgured for the particular port. The Ethernet port provides DHCP services for one Class C subnet and secondary setup features for individual clients support the use of a default gateway, domain name and WINs server.

On the Wide Area Network (WAN) side, the Network Address Translation (NAT) routing method is used to enable clients assigned with local IP addresses to use the public IP address(es) of the HSIM-W6 WAN interface(s) to access the WAN.

NOTE

A private or “local” network is referred to as a sub network that is using private or “local” IP addresses. An “outside” network refers to a Wide Area Network (WAN) commonly known as an Internet where registered public IP addresses are required.

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The NAT method allows several DHCP clients on a sub network to connect to WAN clients by allowing the DHCP clients to share a single public IP address. When the HSIM-W6 uses NAT, the NAT method modiﬁes the IP headers and addresses, and the selected ﬁelds in upper layer protocol headers. This is done to replace the hidden local IP addresses from the sub network with one or more public InterNic assigned IP addresses that can be sent over the outside network on the HSIM-W6 WAN interfaces. Once the HSIM-W6 is assigned at least one public IP address, over 250 IP clients can share this address simultaneously using NAT. This public IP address is assigned statically by the Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Point-to-Point Protocol

PPP is a data link layer industry standard WAN protocol for transferring multi-protocol data trafﬁc over point-to-point connections. It is suitable for both high-speed synchronous ports as well as lower speed asynchronous dial-up ports. With this protocol, options such as security and network protocols can be negotiated over the connection.

This device supports synchronous PPP over the ISDN port. In Single Link Mode, PPP uses one ISDN B channel for data transmission. PPP runs over each ISDN B channel for two separate conversations (split B-channel). In Multi-Link Protocol Mode, PPP simultaneously sends and receives data over two ISDN B-channels on the same connection to optimize bandwidth usage.

The STAC Electronics Stacker LZS Compression Protocol is supported over PPP providing up to 4:1 data compression.

PAP and CHAP Security

The HSIM-W6 supports the Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) under PPP.

PAP provides veriﬁcation of passwords between devices using a 2-way handshake. One device (peer) sends the system name and password to the other device (authenticator). Then the authenticator checks the peer’s password against the conﬁgured remote peer’s password and returns acknowledgment.

CHAP is more secure than PAP as unencrypted passwords are not sent across the network. CHAP uses a 3-way handshake and supports full or half-duplex operation.

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In half-duplex operation, the authenticator device challenges the peer device by generating a CHAP challenge, and the challenge contains an MD5 algorithm with a random number that has your encrypted password and system name. The peer device then applies a one-way hash algorithm to the random number and returns this encrypted information along with the system name in the CHAP response. The authenticator then runs the same algorithm and compares the result with the expected value. This authentication method depends upon a password or secret, known only to both ends locally.

Full-duplex operation places an additional step to the half-duplex operation that mirrors the operation discussed above for a peer to validate the authenticator. The peer device challenges the authenticator by generating a CHAP challenge, and the authenticator returns a CHAP response.

The peer device challenges the authenticator device by generating a CHAP challenge, and the challenge contains an MD5 algorithm with a random number that has your encrypted password and system name. The authenticator device then applies a one-way hash algorithm to the random number and returns this encrypted information along with the system name in the CHAP response. The peer device then runs the same algorithm and compares the result with the expected value. This authentication method depends upon a password or secret, known only to both ends locally.

LQM

Link Quality Monitoring (LQM) is a link control mechanism used with PPP to determine when and how often a link is dropping data in units of packets and octets. Link Quality Monitoring accomplishes this by providing Link-Quality-Reports to determine if the quality of the link is adequate for operation. Link Quality Monitoring provides separate measurements for both incoming and outgoing packets that are communicated to both ends of the link. The PPP LQM mechanism carefully deﬁnes the Link-Quality-Report packet formats, and speciﬁes reference points for all data transmission and reception measurements. The LQM implementation maintains successfully received packet and octet counts, and periodically transmits this information to its peer using Link-Quality-Report packets.

Multilink Protocol

Multilink Protocol (MP) is an extension of PPP that controls the way frames are transferred across several links whenever a single link is not sufﬁcient to meet the requirements of your present trafﬁc load. Multilink Protocol establishes sev eral simultaneous links between two end points o v er switched circuits (dial-up lines) in an ISDN network, and dynamically adjusts the bandwidth demands between available links to maintain an effective data transfer.

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ISDN

ISDN provides an inexpensive switched digital access to remote sites. The ISDN BRI standard provides for two high speed 64 Kbps bearer (B) channels used for voice or data connections and one 16 Kbps signaling data (D) channel used for call setup, signaling and other information. ISDN allows all types of information to be transmitted including voice, data, fax and video. Multiple devices can be linked to a single ISDN connection, each having their own telephone number. Two or more channels can be combined into a single larger transmission pipe offering variable transmission speeds.

The HSIM-W6 supports one ISDN BRI line and either or both of the B channels for transferring data. If the two B channels are used for separate connections, each provides up to 64 Kbps transfer rates. Both channels can be used together to provide uncompressed data transfer at up to 128 Kbps. The HSIM-W6 can also transfer compressed data at up to 512 Kbps.

A Network Terminator device (NT1) provides the interface between ISDN terminal (router) equipment and the ISDN service provider. In the U.S., the NT1 is provided by the customer; outside the U.S., the NT1 is provided by the ISDN service provider. The HSIM-W6 supports the WPIM-S/T that provides an S/T interface requiring an external NT1.

Telephone Switch Support

The following telephone switch types are supported within the U.S.:

• National ISDN 1 (NI-1)

• AT&T 5ESS w/Custom Software

• DMS-100

Outside of the U.S. the following switch types are supported:

• NET3 (European ISDN)

• NET3SW (European Swiss-variant)

• NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone)

• KDD (Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co., Ltd.)

• French Delta (VN4) switches

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ISDN Back-up

The ISDN back-up feature provides a back-up link for a remote site or branch ofﬁce when one or more primary WAN interfaces for a frame relay circuit or a nailed-up PPP connection fails. The WPIM-S/T serves as the backup medium for this primary connection. The WPIM-S/T uses the ISDN interfaces to back-up any primary interfaces which hav e been conﬁgured for ISDN back-up.

Time to Connect, Time to Disconnect, Connect Retries, Back-up Override, Input Idle Time-out and Output Idle Time-out, are the six back-up parameters used to manage the ISDN Back-up feature on the HSIM-W6, and are described as follows:

Time to Connect — Time to Connect allo ws you to conﬁgure the amount of seconds the primary

interface can be in a failed state, before attempting to switch over to the back-up interface.

Time to Disconnect — Time to Disconnect allows you to conﬁgure the amount of seconds the

restored primary interface must remain connected, before attempting to switch over from the back-up interface.

Connect Retries — Connect Retries allows you to conﬁgure the number of tries to restore the

back-up interface, before giving up.

Backup Override — Backup Override forces the back-up interface to remain connected, and

does not allow the back-up interface to switch back to the primary interface, even if the primary interface is restored.

Input Idle Time-out — Input Idle Time-out allows you to determine the amount of time necessary

for data packets to be received, before the interface is automatically disconnected.

Output Idle Time-out — Output Idle Time-out allows you to determine the amount of time

necessary for data packets to be transmitted, before the interface is automatically disconnected.

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HDSL

High-bit rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) technology uses existing copper twisted pair cables designed for conventional analog voice transmission from a telephone carrier servicing area as a low-cost alternative to the quality and speed of ﬁber optic cables, and provides high-speed full-duplex digital transmission links of up to 1.544 Mbps. The WPIM-HDSL is easy to install in your network over existing telephone lines, and it is a portable investment if a business, or individual user plans to relocate.

HDSL is a direct connection technology that allows connections to be made for distances of up to 12,000 feet over 24 American Wire Gauge (AWG) unconditioned Twisted Pair wire. To obtain the Full T1 line Rate of 1.544 Mbps, two wire pairs are necessary (four wires). If one pair of wires is used (two wires), then data rates of 772 Kbps are supported, which is equivalent to one-half of a T1 line.

Bridging and Routing

Bridging — Bridging connects two or more separate networks together. The bridge examines a

portion of each network frame called the header. This header contains control information for the frame. The bridge compares the destination address of the frame to a table of source addresses (bridges dynamically learn the physical location of devices by logging the source addresses of each frame and the bridge port the frame was received on in the source address table). In transparent bridging, the decision to forward the frame is based on this comparison. If the address indicates that the sending station and the destination station are on the same side of the bridge, the frame is not forwarded across the bridge. If the addresses do not indicate that, the bridge forwards the broadcast frame across the bridge to the other network(s).

Bridging allows frames to be sent to all destinations regardless of the network protocols used. It also allows protocols that cannot be routed (such as NETBIOS) to be forwarded, and optimizes internetwork capacity by localizing trafﬁc on LAN segments. A bridge extends the physical reach of networks beyond the limits of each LAN segment. Filters can be used to increase network security in bridged networks, and restrict message forwarding by using user-built address tables (non-transparent bridging).

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