Cabletron Systems CyberSWITCH CSX150, CyberSWITCH CSX154, CyberSWITCH CSX155, CyberSWITCH 150 User Manual

SMALL OFFICE

REMOTE ACCESS SWITCH

USER’S GUIDE

Release 7.2

Cabletron Systems

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USER’S GUIDE

2 CyberSWITCH

NOTICE

You may post this document on a network server for public use as long as no
modificati ons are ma de to th e docume n t .

Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other
information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in
all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have
been made.

The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change
without notice.

IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING
OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION
CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF CABLETRON SYSTEMS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF,
KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.

©Copyrigh t 1998 by Cabletron Sy stems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cabletron Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 5005
Rochester, NH 03866-500 5

Order Number: 9032450

VIRU S D ISCLAIMER

Cabletron Systems has tested its software with current virus checking
technologies. H owev er, because no anti-vir us sy stem is 100% reliable, we strongly
cauti on you to wr ite pro tect and th en verif y that th e Licen sed Sof tware, pr ior to
installing it, is virus-free with an anti-viru s system in which yo u have confi denc e.

Cabletron Systems makes no representations or warranties to the effect that the
Licensed Software is virus-free.

Copyright © July 1997, by Cabletron Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Only qualified personnel should perform installation
procedures.

!

CAUTION

Small Office Remote Access Switch 3

TRADEMARKS

Cabletron Systems, CyberSWITCH, MMAC-Plus, SmartSWITCH, SPECTRUM,
and SecureFast Virtual Remote Access Manager are trademarks of Cabletron
Systems, Inc.

All other product names m entioned in this manual are tradema rks or registered
trademarks of their re sp e ctive companies.

COPYRIGHTS

All of the code for this product is copyright ed by Cable tron System s , Inc.

© Copyright 1991-1997 Cabletron Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the
United States of America .

Portio ns of the code for this p roduct are co pyrighted by the follow ing corpor ations:

Epilogue Technolo gy Co rporat io n
Copyright 1991-1993 by Epilogue Technology Corporation. All rights reserved .

Livingston Enterprises, Inc.
Copyright 1992 Livingston Enterprises, Inc.

Security Dynamics Technologies Inc.
Copyright 1995 by Security Dynamics Technologies Inc. All rights reserved.

Stac El e c troni cs
Stac Electronics 1993, including one or more U.S. Patents No. 4701745, 5016009,
5126739 and 5146221 and other pending patents.

Telenetw orks
Copyright 1991, 92, 93 by Telene tworks. All rights reser ved .

FCC NOTICE

This device complies with Part 15 of th e FC C rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this d e vice m ay no t cause har mful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any int erference received, includ ing interference that
may caus e undesire d o pe ra ti on.

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment uses,
generates, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in
accordance with the operator’s manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his
own expense.

USER’S GUIDE

4 CyberSWITCH

WARNING : Changes or modific ations made to this d evice wh ich ar e not expr essly

approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority
to operate the equipment.

DOC NOTICE

This digital apparatus do es not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions
from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the
Canadian Departme nt of Commun ications.

Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les
limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le
Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des
Communicatio ns du Cana d a.

VCCI NOTICE

This is a Class 1 product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council
for Interference by Information Technology Equipment (VCCI). If th is equipment
is used in a domestic environment, radio disturbance may arise. When such
trouble occurs, th e user may be requir e d to take correc tive actions.

CABLETRON SYSTEMS, INC. PROGRAM LICENSE AGREEMENT

IMPORTANT: Before utilizing this product, carefully read this License Agreement.

This document is an agreement between you, the end user, and Cabletron Systems,
Inc. ("Cabletron") that sets forth your rights and obligations with respect to the
Cabletron software program (the "Program") contained in this package. The
Progra m may be contai ned in fi rmware, ch ips or ot her media. BY UTILIZ ING THE
ENCLOSED PRODUCT, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE
TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, WHICH INCLUDES THE LICENSE AND THE
LIMITATION OF WA RRANTY A ND DISCLAIMER O F LIABILITY. IF YOU DO
NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, PROMPTLY RETURN
THE UNUSED PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL
REFUND.

Small Office Remote Access Switch 5

CONTENTS

Using this Guide 22

Documentation Set 23
Guide Conventions 24

SYSTEM OVERVIEW 25

The CyberSWITCH 26

The Cybe rS W I TC H Ne t w or k 26
Unique System Featur es 27
Interoperability Overv iew 29

Interoperability Protocols 29

Interoperability Devices 30
Security Overview 31
Network Interface Overview 31
System Compon e nts 32
Remote ISDN Devices 32
Switches Supported 33

Hardware Overvi ew 34

Safety Considerations 34
System Platforms 35

CyberSWIT CH Cha r acteristics 35

CyberS WITCH Series 36

CyberSWITCH Front Panel 36

CyberSWITCH Back Panel 37

Software Overview 39

Overview 39
System software 39
System Files 39

Configuration Files 39

Operational Files 40

User Level Security Files 41

SYSTEM INSTALLATION 42

Orderi n g IS DN Service (US Only ) 43

Overview 43
Orde ring NI-1 Lines Using EZ-ISDN Code s 43
Orde ring NI-1 Lines Using NI-1 ISDN Ordering Codes 43

For Non-POTS Devices 43

For Single POTS Devices 43

For Dual POTS Devices 44

USER’S GUIDE

6 CyberSWITCH

Ordering BRI ISDN Lines using Provisioning Settings 44

Provisioning Settings for AT&T 5ESS Switches 45

AT&T 5ESS NI-1 Service 45
AT&T 5ESS Custom Point-to-Poin t Service 46

Provision Sett ings for Northern Telecom DMS-100 Switches 46

Northern Telecom DMS100 NI-1 Service 47
Northern Telecom DMS100 Custom Service 48

Hardware Installat ion 49

Pre-Installation Requirements 49

Accessing the CyberSWITCH 50

Overview 50
Making Connections 50

Direct Co nne ction 50

Null-Modem Connection to a PC 50

Chan g i n g th e B a u d Rate 52

Remote Connec tion using Telne t 52
Establishing an Administration Session 53
Powering On 53
Accessing th e Re lease Notes 54

Upgrading System Software 56

Overview 56
Upgrading Software 56

Local Software Upgrade 57

Local Upgrade of the Second Stage Boot (SSB) 57
Local Upgrade of the Operational Software (OSW) 58

Remote Software Upgrade 58

Remote Upgrade of the Second Stage Boot (SSB) 59

Remote Upgrade of the Operational Software (OSW) 60
Chan g e De fault s to Se c u re Syste m 61
Return Conf iguration to Factory Defaults 62
Accessing th e Re lease Notes 62

BASIC CONFIGURATION 63

Configuration Tools 64

Overview 64
CFGEDI T 64

Executing CFG EDIT 64
Saving CFGEDIT Changes 65

Dynamic Management 65

Executing Dynamic Management 65
Utility Dynamic Management Commands 66

Saving Dynamic Managem e n t Changes 66
Default Configuration 67
Using the Network Worksheets 67
Using the Configuration Chap ters 68

Small Office Remote Access Switch 7

Configuring Resources and Lines 69

Overview 69
Resources 69

Configuring Resour ces 69

Resource Configuration Elements 71

Resource B ackground Information 71
Lines 72

Configuring Line s 72

Configuring Changes fo r a COM M P O RT Res ou rc e 73
Line Configuration Elements 74
Line Background Information 77

Subaddresses 78

Configuring a Subaddress 78
Subaddress Configuration Elements 78
Subaddresses Background Information 78

POTS Option 78

Configuring the POTS Option 78
POTS Configuration Ele m ent s 80
POTS Background Information 80

Configuring Basic Bridging 81

Overview 81
MAC Layer Bridging Option 81

Enabling/Disabling Bridging 81
MAC Layer Bridging Configuration Elements 81
MAC Layer Bridging Background Info rma tion 82

Configuring Basic IP Rou ting 83

Overview 83
Interne t P rotocol (IP) Option 83

Enabling IP 83
IP Option Configuration El e ments 84
IP Background Information 84

IP Operating Mode 84

Configuring the IP Operating Mode 84
IP Operating Mode Configuration Elements 85
IP Operating Mode Background Information 85

IP Network Interfaces 86

Configuring Interfaces 86
Network Interface Configuration Elements 88
IP Network Inte rface Background Inform ation 93

IP RIP and the IP Network Interf aces 97

IP RIP over Dedicated Connections 101

IP Host Operating Mode and the IP Network Interfaces 103

Using Multiple IP Addres ses 103

Static Routes 105

Configuring Static Routes 105
Static Route Configurati on Elements 107
Static Route Background Information 109

Default Routes 110

Configuring Default Routes 110
Default Route Configuration Elements 110

USER’S GUIDE

8 CyberSWITCH

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Option 111

Enabling/Disabling IP RIP 111
IP RIP Configuration Elements 112
IP RIP Background Information 112

SECURITY 113

Security Overview 114

Overview 114
Security Level 114
Syste m Opti ons an d I n f or mation 115
Device Level Databases 115
User Level Databases 116
Off-node Server Information 116
Network Login Information 116

Configuring Security Level 117

Overview 117
No Security 119

Configuring No Secur ity 119

Device Level Security 120

Configuring Device Level Security 120
Device Level Security Backgr ound Info rma ti on 120

Overvie w of Device Auth e ntication Pr ocess 121

User Level Security 121

Configuring User Lev e l Securit y 121
User Level Security Backgr ou nd Info rma tion 121

Authentication Using a Security Token Card 122

System Requirements 123

Authenti cation Process with User Level Securi ty 124

Device and User Level Security 125

Configuring Device an d Us er Level S ecur ity 12 5
Device and User Level Backgroun d In formation 126

Configuring System Options and Information 127

Overview 127
System Options 127

Configuring System Options 127
Syste m Opti ons Conf i g u r a ti o n E le ment s 1 2 8
System Options Background Information 130

System Information 131

Configuring Syst em Information 131
System Information Configuration Elements 131
System Information Background Information 132

Administ rative Session 132

Configuring Administrative Sessions 132
Administrativ e Sessio n Conf igur ation Ele m ent s 133
Administrative Session Backgroun d In formation 134

Alterna tive Database Location Background Information 134

Session Inactiv i ty Background Information 134

Number of Administrat ive Telnet Sessions Background Information 134

Small Office Remote Access Switch 9

Telnet Server TCP Port Number Background Information 134

Emergency Telnet Server Port Number Background Information 135

Configuring Device Level Databas e s 13 6

Overview 136
On-node Devi ce Database 136

Configuring an On-node Device Database 136

On-node Device Entries 137

Configuring On-node Device Entries 137
On-node Dev ice Database Con f iguration Elements 14 4

General Configuration Ele m ent s 144

ISDN Configuration Elements 144

Frame Relay Access Configur ation Ele m ent s 146

X.25 Access Configur ation Elements 146

Authentication Configuration Elements 146

IP Information Configuration Elements 148

IPX Information Configur ation Elements 148

AppleTalk Information Configuration Elements 149

Bridge Information Co nfiguration Element s 150

POTS Information 151

Compression Configuration Elements 151
On-node Device Database Background Information 151

On-node Dev ice Database Se cu rity Requirements 152

Off-node Device Database Location 156

Configuring Off-node Device Database Location 156
Off-node Device Database Location Configuration Elements 156
Off-node Device Database Location Background Information 156

Configuring User Level Databases 157

Overview 157
User Le vel Au th e ntica ti o n D a ta b a se Loc at i o n 15 7

Configuring Authentication Database Location 157
User Level Authen tica tion Datab as e Loc ation Co nfigur a tion Ele me nt s 158
User Level Authentication Database Location Background Information 158

Configuring Off-node Server Information 159

Overview 159

Multiple Administration Login Names 159

VRA Manager Authentication Serv e r 160

Configuring VRA Manager Authentication Server 160
VRA Manager Authentication Serv e r Configuration Elements 161
VRA Manager Authentication Se rver Background Informati on 161

RADIUS Authe ntication Server 161

Configuring a RADIUS Authentication Server 161
RADIUS Authentication S e rver Configuration Elements 163
RADIUS Authentication Server Background Information 163

TACACS Authenti cation Server 164

Configuring a TACACS Authenti cation Server 164
TACACS Authentication Server Configuration Elements 165
TACACS Authentication Server Background Information 165

USER’S GUIDE

10 CyberSWITCH

ACE Authentication Server 166

Configuring an ACE Authenti cation Server 166
ACE Authentication Server Configuration Elements 167
ACE Authentication Server Background Information 168

Configuring Network Login Infor mation 169

Overview 169
Network Login General Configuration 169

Configuring General Network Login Information 169
Network Login General Configuration Background Information 170

Network Login Banners 171

Configuring Netw ork Lo gin Banner s 171
Network Login Banners Background Information 171

Login Configuration Specific to RADIUS Server 172

Configuring RADIU S Serve r Login Info rma tion 172
Login Configuration Specific to RADIUS Server Background Information 173

Login Configuration Specif i c to TACAC S Serv er 173

Configuring TACACS Server Login Information 173
Login Configuration Specif i c to TACAC S Serve r Backg round Information 175

ADVANCED CONFIGURATION 176

Configuring Alternate Accesses 177

Dedi ca te d Acce ss e s 1 7 7

Configuring a Dedicat ed Acc es s 177
Dedicated Access Configurat ion Element s 177
Dedicated Access Background Information 178

X.25 Accesses 179

Configuring an X.25 Ac cess 179

Basic Configuration Inf orm a tion 179

LAPB Configura tion Info rma tion 1 80

X.25 Configuration Information 180

Permanent Virtual Circuit Information 182
X.25 Configuratio n Elements 182

X.25 Line Configuration Elements 182

LAPB Configuration Elements 183

X.25 Access Configur ation Elements 184

PVC Configuration Elements 187
X.25 Access Background Inf orm ation 188

Current X.25 Restrictions 190

Frame Relay Accesses 190

Configurin g a Frame Relay Access 190

Configuring General Ac ces s Informa tion 190

Configuring a PVC 191
Frame Relay General Configuration Elements 192
Frame Relay PVC Configuration Elements 193
Frame Relay Access Background Information 195

The Local Management Interface Overview 196

Data Rate Control Overview 196

Congestion Control Overview 197

Curren t Re strictions 197

Small Office Remote Access Switch 11

Configuring Advanced Bridgin g 19 9

Overview 199
Bridge Dial Out 199

Configuring the Device List for Bridge Dial Out 200

MAC Hardware Filtering 201

Enabling/Disab lin g MAC Ha r dwa re Filt ering 201
MAC Hardware Filtering Background Information 201

Spanning Tr ee Protocol 202

Configuring Spanning Tree Protocol 202
Spanning Tree Protocol Co nfigura tion Elem e nts 202

Bridge Mode of Operation 202

Configuring the Bridge Mode of Operation 202
Bridge Mode of Opera tion Co nfigu ra tion Elem ent s 202
Bridge Mode of Operation Background Infor matio n 202

Unrestricted Bridge Mode 202

Restricted Bridge Mode 203

Mode of Hardwa re Filtering 2 03

Configuring Mode of Har dwa re Filte ring 203
Hardware Filtering Mode Backgrou nd Informatio n 203

Manual Mode Hardware Filtering 204

Auto Mode Hardware Filtering 204

Bridge Filters 204

Configuring Bridge Filters 204
Bridge Filter Configur atio n Elem ent s 207

Protocol Definition Configuration Elements 207

Bridge Filter Configur atio n Elem ent s 207

Hardware Filter Conf iguratio n Elem ents 208
Bridge Filters Backgrou nd Info rma tion 209

Protocol Definitions 209

Bridge Filter Definitions 210

Dial Out Using Bridge Filters 216

Example: Bridge Dial Out Using a Destina tion MAC Add ress Filter 216

Known Connect List 218

Configuring the Known Co nnec t List 218
Known Connect List Configur ation Ele m ent s 219
Known Connect List Back ground Infor matio n 219

Configur in g A dva n c ed IP Ro uting 220

Overview 220
Static ARP Table Entries 220
The Isolate d M ode 220

Configuring the Isolate d Mode 220
Isolated Mode Configuration Elements 221
Isolated Mode Backgroun d In formation 221

Static Route Lookup via RADIUS 221

Configuring Stati c Route Lookup via RADIUS 221
Static Route via RADIUS Configuration Elements 221
Static Route Lookup via RADIUS Background Information 221

IP Address Pool 222

Configuring an IP Address Pool 222
IP Address Pool Configuration Elements 222
IP Address Pool Background Information 222

USER’S GUIDE

12 CyberSWITCH

IP Filters 223

Initiating the IP Filter Configuration 223
Configuring Packet Types 224

Configuring the Comm on IP Portio n 225

Configuring TCP 226

Configuring UDP 226

Configuring ICMP 227
Configuring Forward ing Filt ers 228
Configuring Connection Filters 229

Using CFGEDIT 22 9
Configuring Exception Filter 230

Modifying the Final Condition for a Filter 231
Applying Filters 231

Applying Filters to Network Interfaces 231

Applying the Global Forwarding Filter 231

Applying per-device Forwarding Filters 231
IP Filters Configuration Elements 232
IP Filters Background Information 233

Filter Compositio n 234

Types of Filters 234

Role of Filters in the IP Processing Flow 235

Packet Types 236
Limitations 237
Example of an IP Filter Configuration 238

DHCP Relay Agent 240

Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent 240
DHCP Configuration Elements 241
DHCP Background Information 241

DHCP/BOOTP Relay Agen t Env ironm ent s 241

Example DHCP Configurations 243

DHCP Proxy Client 247

Configuring the DHCP Proxy Client 247
DHCP Configuration Elements 248
DHCP Background Information 248

Sample Configuration: IP Router with DHCP Proxy Client 249

Configuring IPX 251

Overview 251
Configuring IPX Information 252
IPX Routing Op tion 253

Enabling/Disabling IPX 253
IPX Option Configuration Element 253
IPX Option Background Information 254

IPX Internal Network Number 254

Configuring the IPX Internal Network Number 254
IPX Internal Network Number Configuration Element 254
IPX Network Number Background Information 255

Small Office Remote Access Switch 13

IPX Network Interf aces 255

Configurin g IPX Net work Interfaces 255
IPX Network Interface Configuration Elements 257

General IPX Network Interface Configuration Elements 257

RIP IPX Network Interface Configuration Elements 257

SAP IPX Network Interface Configuration Elements 258
IPX Network Interface Background Informatio n 259

IPX Routing P rotocols 260

Configuring IPX Routing Pr otocols 260
IPX Routing P rotocol Configuration Ele ments 260
IPX Routing P rotocol Background Information 261

Routing/Service Tables 261

Special Conside r ations - Remo te LA N Inter f ace 262

IPX Static Routes 263

Configurin g IPX Static Routes 263
IPX Static Routes Confi g uration Elements 264
IPX Static Routes Background Information 264

IPX NetWare Static Servi ces 265

Configuring IPX NetWare Static Services 265
IPX NetWare Static Servi ces Configuration Elements 266
IPX NetWare Static Servi ces Background Information 267

IPX Spoofing 267

Configuring IPX Spoofing 267
IPX Spoofing Configuration Elements 268
IPX Spoofing Background Information 268

Watchdog Protocol 269

SPX Protocol 269

IPX Type 20 Packet Handling 270

Configuring IPX Type 20 Packet Handling 270
IPX Type 20 Packet Handling Configuration Elements 271

IPX Type 20 Packet Handling Device Configuration Elements 271
IPX Type 20 Packet Handling Background Informati on 271

IPX Isolated Mode 271

Configurin g IPX Isolated Mode 271
IPX Isolated Mode Configuration Elements 271
IPX Isolated Mode Background Information 272

IPX Triggered RIP/SAP 272

Displaying WAN Peer List 272
Configuring Triggered RIP/SAP Global Timers 273
Configuration Elements 273
Triggered RIP/SAP Back groun d In formation 274

IPX-Specific Infor mation for Devices 274

Configuring IPX Device s 274

WAN Devices 274

Remote LAN Devices 277
IPX Configuration Elements for Devices 278
IPX Background Information for Devices 279

IPX Triggered RIP/SAP Device Background 279

USER’S GUIDE

14 CyberSWITCH

Configuring SNMP 280

Configuring SNMP 280
SNMP Configuration Elements 282
SNMP Background Information 283

Configuring AppleTalk Routing 2 8 7

AppleTalk Rou ting Option 287

Enabling AppleTalk Routing 287
AppleTalk Rou ting Option Configuration El e ment 288
AppleTalk Routi ng Background Inf ormation 288

AppleTalk Ports 288

Configuring AppleTalk Ports 288
AppleTalk Ports Configuration Elements 289
AppleTalk Ports B ackground Information 290

The AppleTalk Network Type 290

Dynami c Node Address Assignment 290

The Zone Concept 291

AppleTalk Remote LAN 291

AppleTalk Static Rout e s 292

Configuring AppleTalk Static Routes 292
AppleTalk Routi ng Static Routes Configurati on El e men ts 293
AppleTalk Routi ng Static Routes Background Information 293

AppleTalk Capacities 293

Configuring AppleTalk Capacities 293
AppleTalk Capacities Configuration Elements 293
AppleTalk Capacities Background Information 294

AppleTalk Isolated Mode 294

Configuring the AppleTalk Isolated Mode 294
AppleTalk Isolated Mode Configuration Elements 294

Configuring Call Control 29 5

Overview 295
Throughput Monitor 295

Configuring the Throughp ut Monitor 295
Throughput Monitor Configuration Elements 296
Throughput Monitor Background Information 297

Overload Condition Monitori ng 298

Underload Condition Monitoring 298

Idle Condition Monit oring 299

Throughput Monitor Configuration Example 299

Call Int erval Parameter s 30 0

Configuring the Call Inter val P arameters 300
Call Interval Config urat ion Element s 300
Call Interval Background Information 300

Monthly Call Charge 301

Configuring Monthly Call Charge 301
Monthly Call Charge Configuration Elements 301
Monthly Call Charge Background Info rmation 301

Call Restrictions 302

Configuring Call Re strict ion s 302
Call Restriction Configuration Element s 302
Call Rest ri c tions Back ground Inf o rm a t i on 30 4

Small Office Remote Access Switch 15

Bandwidth Reservation 305

Configuring Bandw idt h Res erv ation 305
Bandwidth Rese rvatio n Configur a tion Elem ent s 307
Bandwidth Reservation Background Information 308

Semipermanent Connections 308

Configuring Semipermanent Connections 308
Semipermanent Connections Configuration Elements 310
Semipermanent Connection s Background Information 310

Interactions with Other Features 310

VRA Manager as a Call Contro l Mana ger 31 2

Configuring VRA Mana ger for Ca ll Contro l 312
Configuration Elements 312
Background Informati on 313

Call Control Manage m ent 313

Limitations/Considerations 314

Configu ring Other Advance d O p tions 315

Overview 315
PPP Configuration 315

Configuring PPP 315
PPP Configuration Elements 316
PPP Background Information 317

PPP Link Failure Detection 317

PPP Reference Documents 318

Default Line Protocol 319

Configuring Default Line P rotocol 319
Default Li ne Protocol Configuration Ele ments 319
Default Line Protocol Background Informatio n 319

Log Options 320

Configuring Log Options 320
Log Options Configuration Elements 320
Log Options B ackground Info rmation 321

Local Log File Overvie w 321

Syslog Server Overview 321

CDR Log Report Overview 322

Compression Options 327

Configur ing Compressi on Options 32 7
Compression Options Configuration Elements 327
Compression Options Background Infor mati on 328

Compr essio n and CCP 329

TFTP 330

Configuring TF TP 330
TFTP Configura tion Elem en ts 331
TFTP Background Information 331

File Attributes 332

Configuring File Attributes 332
File Attributes Configuration Elem ent s 332
File Attributes Background Inf orm ation 3 32

USER’S GUIDE

16 CyberSWITCH

TROUBLESHOOTING 334

System Verification 335

Verifying Hardware Resources are Operational 335
Verifying WAN Lines are Available for Use 336
Verifying LAN Connection is Operational 336
Verifying Bridge is Initialized 337
Verifying IP Router is Initialized 337
Verifying a Dedicated Con nection 338
Verifying a Frame Relay Connection 338
Verifying an X.25 Connecti on 339
Verifying Remote Device Connectivity 339
Verifying Multi-Level Security 339
Verifying IP Host Mode is Operational 341

Verifying IP Host is Initialized 341
Verifying IP Host Mode is Operational 341

Verifying I P Host Mode Operation over a LAN connection 341

Verifyi ng I P Host Mode Operatio n ov e r a WAN con nection 342

Verifying IP Routing Over Interfaces 342

Verifying IP Routing Over a LAN Interface 342
Verifying IP Routing Over a WAN Interface 343
Verifying IP Routing Over a WAN (Direct Host) Interface 345
Verifying IP Routing Over a WAN Remote LAN Interface 346
Verifying IP Routing Over a WAN UnNumbered Interface 347

Verifying IP Filters 348
Verifying IP RIP 348

Verifying IP RIP is Initialized 348
Verifying IP RIP Output Processing on a LAN Interface 349
Verifying I P RIP I nput Processing on a LAN Inte rface 350
Verifying IP RIP Output Processing on a WAN Interface 350
Verify IP RIP Inpu t Processing Operational on a WAN Interf ace 351

Verifying IPX Router is Initialized 352
Verifying IPX Routing is Operational 352

Verifying IPX Ro uting over a LA N Connection 353
Verifying an IPX Remote LAN Connection 353
Verifying IPX Rou ti ng over a WAN Connection 354
Verifying Triggered RIP/SA P 354

Verifying the AppleTalk Routing Feature 354

Verifying AppleTalk Routing is Initialized 354
Verifying AppleTalk Routing is Operational 355

Verifying AppleTalk Routing Operational over the LAN connection 356

Verifying AppleTalk Routing Operation over a WAN connection 356

Verifying SNMP is Operational 357
Verifying the Dial Out Feature 358
Verifying Call Detail Recording 358
Verifying Compressio n is Op erational 3 59
Verifying Reserved Bandwidth is Operational 359
Verifying PPP Link Failure Detection is Operational 359
Verifying DHCP Relay Agent 360

Verifying DHCP Relay Agent Initialization 360
Verifying the Relay Agent is Enabled 361
Verifying the Relay Agent is Operational 361

Small Office Remote Access Switch 17

Verifying DHCP: Proxy Client 362

Verifying DHCP Proxy Client Initialization 362
Verifying the Proxy Client is Enabled 363
Verifying the Proxy Client is Operational 363

UDP Ports 363

IP Address Pool 364

Verifying a Semipermanen t Conne cti on 364
Verifying Proxy ARP is Operational 364

Problem Diagnosis 366

Overview 366
LAN Adapter 366
Bridge Initializa tion 367
IP Routing Initialization 367
WAN Line Availability 367
Dedicated Co nnections 369
Frame Relay Connections 369
X.25 Connections 370
Remote Device Connect iv ity 371
Multi-Level Security 372
LAN Attach ment 372
IP Host Mode 373

IP Host Initialization 373
IP Host Mode Operation over the LAN connection 373
IP Host Mode Operation over the WAN connection 374

IP Routing Over Interface Connections 374

IP Routing Over the LAN Interf ace Co nnec tion 3 74
IP Routing Over a WAN Interface Connection 375
IP Routing Over a WAN (Direct Host) Interface Connecti on 376
IP Routing Over a WAN RLAN Interface Connection 377
IP Routing Over a WAN UnNumbered Interface Connection 378

IP Filters 378
IP RIP 379

IP RIP Initialization 379
IP RIP Output P rocessing on a LAN Interface 380
IP RIP Input Processing on a LAN Interface 380
IP RIP Output P rocessing on a WAN Interface 381
IP RIP Input Processing on a WAN Interface 381

IPX Routing 382

IPX Routing Initialization 382
IPX Routing ove r the LAN Connection 382
IPX Routing ove r the Remote LAN Connection 383
IPX Routing ove r the WAN Connection 384

IPX Routing and Service Tables 385

Triggered RIP/SAP Start Up 386
Triggered RIP/SAP Operation 386

AppleTalk Routing 386

AppleTalk Routi ng Initialization 387
AppleTalk Routing Operational ov er the LAN connection 387
AppleTalk Routing Operational ov er the WAN connection 389

SNMP 390
Dial Out 392

USER’S GUIDE

18 CyberSWITCH

Call Detail Recording 393
Compression 393
DHCP: Relay Agent 395

Relay Agent Initializa tion 395
Enabling the Relay Agent 395
Relay Agent Operatio n 396

DHCP: Proxy Client 396

Proxy Client Initialization 396
Enabling the Proxy Client 396
Proxy Client Operation 397

Proxy ARP Operation 398

LED Indicators 399

Overview 399
Local Area Network LED Indicators 399
WAN LED Indicators 399
Service I ndicator 4 00

Service I ndicator R e ma ins Lit 401
Service Indicator Blinks 401

System Messages 403

Overview 403
Informational Messages 403

Boot Messages 404
Initialization Messages 404
Normal Operation Messages 404
Status Messages 404
Spanning Tree Messages 405

Warning Messages 405
Error Messages 405
System Message Summary 405

Trace Messages 464

Overview 464
Call Trace Messages 465

Call Trace Message Summary 466

IP Filters Trace Messages 471
PPP Packet Trace Messages 472

WAN FR_IETF Trace Messages 474

X.25 Trace Messages 474

X.25 Trace Message Summary 474

X.25 (LAPB) Trace Messages 477

X.25 (LAPB) Trace Message Summary 477

SYSTEM MAINTENANCE 479

Remote Management 480

Overview 480
AMP Ou t-of-Band Management 480

Installation and Configuration 480
Usage Instru ctions 481

Small Office Remote Access Switch 19

SNMP 482

Installation and Configuration 483
Usage Instru ctions 483

Telnet 484

Installation and Configuration 485
Usage Instru ctions 485

TFTP 487

Installation and Configuration 487
Usage Instru ctions 488

Remote Installation wi th USER2 489

System Commands 491

Overview 491
Accessing Admin istration Services 491
Setti n g th e I P Ad d r e s s 4 92
Boot Device Comm a nds 492
Accessing Dynamic Managem ent 493
Viewing Operational Inf orm ation 493
Viewing Throughput Information 497

Throughput Monitor Contents 498

Saving Operational Information 499
Clearing Opera tional Inf orm atio n 499

Configuration-R ela te d Comm an d s 500

Restarting the CyberSWITCH 500
Setti n g the D ate an d T ime 501
File Utility Commands 501
Terminating Admin istration Sessions 502
AppleTalk Routing Commands 503
Bridge Commands 507
Call Control Co m ma nd s 508
Call Detail Recording Commands 511
Call Restriction Commands 512
Compression Information Commands 512
DHCP Com m an ds 51 2
Frame Relay Commands 513
IP Routing Commands 515
IPX Rou ting Commands 519
ISDN Usage Commands 521
LAN Commands 522
Log Commands 522
Packet Capture Commands 522
RADIUS Command s 526
SNMP Co mma nds 528
TCP Commands 528
Telnet Commands 528
Termina l Commands 531
TFTP Commands 532
Trace Commands 533
UDP Command s 5 3 4
User Level Security Commands 534
WAN Comm an ds 535
X.25 Commands 535

USER’S GUIDE

20 CyberSWITCH

System Statistics 537

Overview 537
Connectivity Statistics 537
Call Restriction Statistics 538
Call Statistics 538
Throughput Monitoring Statistics 538
AppleTalk Statisti cs 539

AppleTalk Protocol Statistics 539

AppleTalk Data Delivery Protocol (DDP) Statistics 539

AppleTalk Echo Protocol (AEP) Sta ti stics 540

AppleTalk Rou ting Table Maintenance Proto col (RTMP) Statistics 541

AppleTalk Zone Informati on Protocol (ZIP) Statistics 541

AppleTalk Name Binding Protocol (NBP) Statistics 542

AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (ATP) Statistics 542
AppleTalk Port Statistics 543

Bridge Statistics 544
Call Detail Recording Stat istic s 544
Compression St atistics 545

Compression Related Statistics 545
Decompressi on Related Statistics 545

DHCP Statistics 546

Common DHCP Statisti cs 546
DHCP Relay Agent Statistic s 547
DHCP Proxy Client Statistics 548

Frame Relay Statisti cs 549

Access Related Statis tics 549
PVC Related Statist i cs 551

LAN Stati st ics 552
IP Statistics 553

IP Group Statistics 553
ICMP Group Statistics 554

IPX Statistics 556

IPX General Statistics 556

IPX Basic System Table Statistics 556

IPX Advanced System Table Stati stics 557
IPX RIP Statis tics 558
IPX Triggered RIP Statisti cs 559
IPX Route Statistics 559
IPX SAP Statistics 560
IPX Triggered SAP Statistics 560
IPX Service Statistics 560

RIP Statist ics 561

RIP Global Stati stics 561
RIP Interface Statistics 561

SNMP Statistics 562
TCP Statistics 564
TFTP Statistics 565

Statistics for Serve r or Rem o te initia ted TF TP Ac tiv ity 565
Statistics for Loca l or Clien t Initia ted TFTP Ac tiv ity 566
Statistics for all TFTP Activity 566

UDP Statistics 567
WAN FR_IETF Statistics 568

Small Office Remote Access Switch 21

WAN Statistics 568
X.25 Statistics 569

X.25 Access Related Statistics 569
X.25 Virtual Circuit (VC) Rel ated Statistics 571

Routine Maintena nce 57 2

Overview 572
Installing/Upgrading System Software 572
Executing Configu ration Changes 572

Configuration Files 572
Making Changes Using CFGEDIT 572
Making Changes Using Manage Mode 573

Configuration Backup and Rest ore 573
Obtaining System Custom Information 573

APPENDICES 574

System Worksheets 575

Network Topology 576
System Details 577

Resources 577
Lines 577
Accesses 578

Device Information 579
Bridging and Routing Info rm ation 580

Bridging 580
IP Routing 58 0
IPX Routing 581
AppleTalk Routing 582

CFGEDIT Map 583

Overview 583
Main Menu 583
Physical Resources Menu 584
Options Menu 585
Security Menu 588

Getting Assistance 591

Reporting Problems 591
Contacting Cablet ron Sy stems 591

Administrative Console Commands Table 593
Manage Mode Commands Table 601
Cause Code s Ta ble 605

INDEX 612

U

SING THIS GUIDE

The User’s Guide is divided into the following parts:

S

YSTEM OVERVIEW

We begin with an overview of bridging, routing, and specific CyberSWITCH features. Next, we
provide an overview for both the system software and hardware.

S

YSTEM INSTALLATION

In this sec tio n of the User’s Guide we provide guidelines for ordering ISDN service in the US, and a
step-by-step descr iption of installi ng hardw a re and upgrading software.

B

ASIC CONFIGURATION

We define basic configuration as the configura tion n eeded by most devices . These are the areas of
configuration that will get your system up and running. Note that not all configuration steps in this
part are required. For example, if you are only using bridging, you will have no need to complete
the configuration steps included in the chapter titled Configuring Basic IP Routing.

S

ECURITY CONFIGURATION

The CyberSWITCH provides a great variety of security options. For example, you may use device
level se cu rity, use r l eve l secur ity , or i f pr efe rred , no secu ri ty. You m ay al so perfo rm auth enti ca tion
of a device/ user in different ways. The security information may be stored on several differ e nt
types of databases, either local ly or on a variety of remote databases.

System secu rity also allow s the configuration of administrative session (Teln e t se ssion)
enhancements. This provides secure access to the system along with flexible control.

A

DVANCED CONFIGURATION

We defi n e advan c e d co n f igura ti on as a wa y to fine tun e y o u r system, or to co nf i gu re options that
are not necessarily needed by the majority of devices. For example, use this sectio n to configure an
alternate access, or to set up SNMP to manage your syste m.

T

ROUBLESHOOTING

Troubleshooting begins with information for verifying your system installation, and continues
with steps to take if there are problems with the installation. Next, it includes a description of
system LED indicato rs, followed by system messages and trace messag e s. Each message listing in
these chapters provides the message itself, a message definition, and where appropriate, possible
corrective actions.

S

YSTEM MAINTENANCE

In this section, we provide information to help you maintain your CyberSWITCH once it is
operating. System maintenance information includes information regarding remote management,
a chapter on both the system comm ands and the system statistics, and routine maintenance
procedures.

Small Office Remote Access Switch 23

U

SING THIS GUIDE

Documentation Set

APPENDICES

The User’s Guide provides the following appendices:

N

ETWORK WORKSHEETS

These worksheets are provided to help you gather pertinent infor mat i on for co n fi guring your

system. We recommend that you print copies of these blank forms and fill in the appropriate

information before you begin configuring your system.

CFGEDI T M

AP

This map provides a guide thro ugh the Conf igur ation Ed itor str ucture, and may be a helpful

reference when configuring the CyberSWITCH using the CFGEDIT utility.

G

ETTING ASSISTANCE

This appendix provides information for getting assistance if you run into problems when

installing your system. A FAX form is included. You can print this form, fill out the information

requested, and FAX it to Cabletron Systems, using the provided FAX number.

A

DMINISTRATION CONSOLE COMMANDS

Provide s a tab ular list ing of the system administration console commands and th e ir uses.

M

ANAGE MODE COMMANDS

Provide s a tab ular list ing of the Manage Mode commands and their uses.

C

AUSE CODES

Provides a tabular listing of Q.931 Cause Codes and their meanings. These cause codes may

appear in call trace messages.

DOCUMENTATION SET

This guide, the User’ s Gu ide, provides information to install and configure your system. It also
provides information you may need to refer to keep your system running efficiently after it is up
and running. For example, it provides a listi ng of system messages. Each message listing provides
a definition of w hat the message means, and where appropriate, corrective action you can take.
Many other subjects are covered, including routine maintenance, hardware information, system
verifi cation, and problem diagnosis.

This gu ide is one in te gral part of the e ntire do cument a tio n se t . P le a se re f e r to th e d o cument s
described below for additional information.

The Example Networks Guide includes several example networks, beginning with a simple network,
and progressing to m ore complex networks. These example network chapters provide
configuration instructions that you may find helpful in configuring your own similar network.

The Quick Star t p rov ides abbr eviat ed inst alla tion and co nfiguration instructio ns for exper ie nced
users. Specific instructions for setti ng u p various types of remote dev ices are also i nc luded.

The R ADIUS Authentication User’s Guide describ e s the setup of the RADIUS server software on a
UNIX-based system. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service) provides multiple

USER’S GUIDE

24 CyberSWITCH

systems c entr al databa se ac cess for sec urity authenti catio n purpos es. I nstru ctions for ob tainin g th is
electronic document ca n be found in Co nfiguring Off-node Server Informat ion.
If you have Internet access, you may obtain this guide by following the steps outlined below:

• Use your Web browser to get to the foll owing address:

http:// ser vice.nei.com

• From the re su lting screen, click on Public.

•Click on the Radius director y.

•Click on the Docs directory. The guide will be under this directory.

The Release Notes provide release highlights and important information related to this release. The
Release Notes may be displa yed during sof tware installation (o r upgrade). They may also be
displayed after the system is operatin g by issuing the

list rel_note.txt

console command.

GUIDE CONVENTIONS

The following conven tions are used throughout the documentation:

Syste m Commands
All system comma nds (A dm inist rati on and Mana ge Mo de com mand s) are italic iz ed, and in a
different font than the general text. For example, if you are instruct ed to enter the command to test
for proper LAN connections, the command would appear as follows:

lan stats

CFGEDI T S CREENS
Screens that appear on the monitor as you are configuring your system using the CFGEDIT utility
will be displayed using the style shown b elow:

M

ONITOR DISPLAYS

Any messages or text that is displayed on your monitor w ill be shown in the style be low:

LAN Port <port #> is now in the LISTENING state

WAN Port <port #> is now in the FORWARDING state

LAN Port <port #> is now in the LEARNING state

LAN Port <port #> is now in the FORWARDING state

D

OCUMENTATION TITLES

All references to CyberSWITCH documentation titles will use the same font as normal text, but will
be italicized. For example, all references to the User’s Guide will appear as:

User’s Guide

Main Menu:

1) Physical Resources

2) Options

3) Security

4) Save Changes

Select function from above or <RET> to exit:

S

YSTEM OVERVIEW

We inc l u de th e f ollowi ng cha p te r s i n th e Sy stem Ov ervi ew segment of the User’s Guide.

• The CyberSWITCH

Provides the “big picture” view of a CyberSWITCH network. We include an overview of

unique system features, interoperability, security, interfaces, system components, remote

devices, and switches supported.

• Hardware Overview

A description of system platforms.

• Software Overview

A description of the CyberSWITCH’s system and administrative sof t ware. We also include a

description of system files.

T

HE CYBER

SWITCH

Because of the strong personal computer presence in the business environment, a move to
graphical user interfaces, and the need to make the best use of available resources, there is a
growing demand for high speed LAN access for remote devices. PC users need to be part of a work­group or ente rprise LAN, and remote access from home, field office s, and other remote locations
has become a necessity.

With the de mand for remote LAN access, the remote devi ce’s requirement for b a ndwidth has
exceeded the capabilities of traditional analog modems. High-speed digital dedicated lines can
certainly provide su fficie nt band wi dt h for LAN inter con n ect ion . How ever , beca use of the high
monthly charges associated with dedicated services, the costs are prohibitive for individual users.

New forms of networking are now possible and affordable using the Integrated Services Digital
Network (ISDN) . ISDN is being deploy ed by majo r teleco mmunications comp anie s world- w ide.

With ISDN ser vices, t he costs o f LAN inte rconnect ion are b ased on ac tual usa ge — the user gets the
bandwidth of dedicated digital service at dial-up prices.

Our products offer internetworking solutions for small businesses as well as large corporations.

THE CYBER SWI TCH NETWORK

System software has been developed specifically for an embedded communications platform. It
uses a flas h file system (i nstea d of a hard disk) an d a two-st age boot device t o ini tialize t he plat form
and download the system software. The system software is preconfi gured to allow immediate
connect ion to a local area netwo rk (LAN) or a wide area net work (WAN) with Teln et and/or TFTP
access.

This system is geared toward the small office, offering a variety of internetworking capabilities.

Small Office Remote Access Switch 27

THE C

YBER

SWITCH

Unique System Features

UNIQUE SYSTEM FEATURES

The CyberSWITCH combines unique features that improve cost-effectiveness, reliability, and
performance for wide area network connections to remote devices. These features include:

• Authentication Servers

Provide a central database for networks with more than one CyberSWITCH. The central

database consists of manageable, informatio nal data (refe rred to as the Device List or Device

Table). This data is acces sed and used for aut hentication when a n ew connection is esta blished

to the system.

• Bandwidth Agility

The system dynamically controls the bandwidth in use between itself and other PPP devices.

This is accomplished by estab lishing a nd dis c onn ecting calls . The num be r of calls is limited

only by the types and number of lines available. The system monitors the connections for

utilization and will add an d remove the connec tions based on use r- configurable throughput

parameters. As network ba ndw id th requirem ent s increa se or decrea se, the system will

ISDN

Host

File Server

Remote ISDN Bridge

Workstation

Workstation

PC

(with BRI ISDN TA)

BRI

BRI

Workstation

BRI

BRI

Workstation

Workstation

CSX150

B25B27

B26B28

WORKGROUP REMOTE ACCESS SWITCH

B29

E1 ONLYB-CHANNELS

LAN

10BASE-TRXTXSERVICE

B31

B30L1

B21B23

B22B24

B17B19

B18B20

B13B15

B14B16

E1DT1

D

B9B11

B10B12

B5 B7

B6 B8

B1 B3

B2 B4

POWER

USER’S GUIDE

28 CyberSWITCH

automati cally adju st th e nu mber of ne twork con nect ion s. Thus, your n et work costs w il l ref lec t

the actual bandwidth being used.

• Filtering

Allows you to control the flow of frames through the network. Filtering becom es nec essary if

you need to re strict remote access or con trol widespread transmission of sp oradic messages.

Customer-defined filters can forw ard messages based on addresses, protocol, or packet data.

• Data Compressi on

Allows the system to negotiate compression algorithms with another device on the network.

After successfully negotiating compression, data is compressed by the remote device and

transmi tte d to the system. The system deco mp resses the data, processes the information

contained in the user data, and forwards the data as required. The system can receive data

coming over a WAN or a LAN, and compress the data before transmitting it to another device

on the network. The net ef fect is to i ncrease int erconnect bandwidth by de creasing

transmi ssion time. If negotiati on for compre ssion fails, data is transmitted uncomp ressed.

• Dial Out Capability

The system will dial out to remo te dev ices . Th is featur e allows the sy st em to accep t user data

receiv e d on the Ethernet LA N or I S DN network and initiate a data connectio n to the remote

device specified in the user data. This allows devices on the local LAN to initiate connections

to networks connected to the system ove r the switched digital network. The system monitors

the connection for utilization and will rem ove the connection when it becomes idle.

• Dynamic Management

Provides a “real- time” manageme nt mechan ism that allows many system p arameters to be

changed with out interrupti ng the current execution state of the system software. Th is feature

consists of a series of console comman ds that enable a user to displa y current system

paramet ers , c ha ng e man y par ame ter s d yna mica lly , and wri t e cha ng es t o d isk f il es s o th at the y

remain permanent.

• High Speed Digital Connections

The system supp orts 56Kbps and 64Kbps co nnections to remote locatio ns. These dial- up digital

connections provide re liable high throughpu t connections for effici ent data tran sf e r for the

same cost as analog connections. If any r e mote devices conn e cted to the system support multi-

link PPP, up to 32 parallel connections can be made at either 56Kbps or 64Kbps.

• IP Filters

The IP filters allow you to control the transmission of individual IP packets based on the packet

type. You can specify packet type by IP address (source or destination) or by IP protocol (TCP,

UDP, ICMP).

Once you specify a packet type, two forms of IP filtering are available:

• Forwarding Filters, applied at discrete points of the IP processing path to determine if a
packet continues its normal processing, and a

• Connection Filter, which determines if an IP packet requiring a WAN connection may con­tinue.

•Packet Capture
In order to monitor incoming LAN data, the CyberSWITCH packet capture feature will allow
you to capture, display, save, and load bridged or routed data packets.

Small Office Remote Access Switch 29

THE C

YBER

SWITCH

Interoperability Overview

• Protocol Discrimination
It is possible for multiple types of remote devices to use the same line. The system can
determine the device type and the protocol encapsulation used by remote devices.

• RS232 Port: Dual Usage
If your installation requires you to process PPP-Async data, this feature allows you to use the
RS232 port for either console acc ess or a serial data connection. This dual usage is possible
throu gh the Cyb erSWITCH’s s u pp ort of Aut o se nse mode and Te r m i n a l mo d e :

• Autosense mode determines whether you are trying to connect using a VT emulation or PPP-

Async, and connects you appropriately. (VT emulation requires you to perform four car­riage returns to receive a login prompt.)

• Terminal mode assumes that you o nly wa nt to connec t usi ng VT emu latio n. A log in p rompt

is displayed as soon as the connec tion is made.

•Security
Security is a key issue for all central site network mana gers and is a priority with the
CyberSWITCHs. The modules provide high level features that help prevent unauthorized or
inadver tent acc ess to c riti cal data and reso urces. The mo dules su pport ex tensiv e secu rity lev els
including:

• PPP PAP and CHAP

• User n a me a n d pa ssword

• Calling Line ID (CLID)

• Ethernet Address

• User Authentication

• Device Authentication

• SecureFas t Virtual Remote Ac cess (SFVRA)

• TACACS Client with Radius Server

•RADIUS

• Security Dynamic’s A CE/SecurID

• Simultaneous Connections
The system su p ports si mu l ta n e o u s con nections to multiple l o ca t i on s. Thes e lo ca t i ons can
connect by using different channels on the same line, or they can connect on different lines. This
pooling of lines among many poten tial locations is more cost e f f e ctive than alternative poin t­to-point lines.

INTEROPERABILITY OVERVIEW

“Interoperability” is the ability to operate and exchange information in a heterogeneous network.
The CyberSWITCH supports interoperability with many different remote devices over ISDN.

INTEROPERABILITY PROTOCOLS

In order to commun icate wi th vari ous remot e devic es over I SDN, the CyberSWI TCH must i dentif y
the device type and the protocol it is using.

The CyberSWITCH supports the following line protocols:

• HDLC Ethernet Frames

• Ordered Protocol for Ethernet Frames

• Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Encapsulation for IP Datagrams

USER’S GUIDE

30 CyberSWITCH

The CyberSWITCH supports the following PPP protocols:

• Link Control Protocol ( LCP)

• Multilink Protocol (MLP)

• Authentication Protocols

Challenge Handshake Authen tication Protocol (CHAP)
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)

• Network Con trol Protocols (NCP)

Interne t P rotocol Control Protocol for TCP/IP (IPCP)
Intern e t work Packet Exchange Co ntrol Protocol for IPX (I PXCP)
Bridge Control Pro toc ol for bridg es (BCP)

• Compressi on Control Pr otocol (CCP)

• AppleTalk Control Protocol (ATCP)

The CyberSWITCH supports the fo llowing AppleTalk protocols:

• EtherTalk Link Access Protocol (ELAP)

• AppleTalk Address Resoluti on Protocol (AARP)

• PPP AppleTalk/AppleTalk Control Protocol (ATCP)

• Datagram Delivery Protoco l (DDP )

• Routing Tab le Maintenance P rotocol (RTMP)

• AppleTalk Echo Protocol (AEP)

• Name Binding Protocol (NBP)

• Zone Inform ation Protocol (ZIP)

INTEROPERABILITY DEVICES

Remote devi ces that may conn e ct to the CyberSWITCH include the follow ing:

• MAC Lay er Bridges

•IP Host Devices

• IP Router Dev ices

• IPX Route rs

• AppleTalk Routers

MAC layer bridge s connec t to the syste m using the HD LC bridge encap sula tion line p rotoc ol .
These devi ces send transpar ently bridged E therne t frames to the sy stem. MAC layer br idges do not
process ne twork layer protocols. The y forward all packets based on source and destinati on MAC
addresses.

IP Host devices are single workstations or PCs that co nne ct to the system at the IP network layer.
These devices use either the RFC1294 based protocol or PPP to communicate with the system.

IP router devices are single devices that represent many ot her IP hosts and ro uters to the syste m.
They must use the CHAP or PAP protocol to identif y themselves to the system. IP routers usually
provide IP network address information at connection time (and use PPP to send user data to the
system).

IPX routers are single devices that perform network layer tasks (addressing, routing, and
switchin g) to move packet s from one loca tion on the network to another. IPX routers use the
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) protocol, typical of the NetWare environment.

AppleTalk routers route AppleTalk datagrams based on address information. They support the
following protocols: RTMP, NBP, and ZIP.