Cabletron Systems CSX400 User Manual

Title Page

Portable Management Application

for the

CSX200 and CSX400

User’s Guide

Notice

Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in speciÞcations and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made.

The hardware, Þrmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.

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Cabletron Systems makes no representations or warranties to the effect that the Licensed Software is virus-free.

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Order Number: 9032626-E1 April 1998

Cabletron Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03866-5005

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Chapter 1 Introduction to SPMA

for the CSX200 and CSX400

HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84........................................................................................... 1-2

Using the CSX200 and CSX400 UserÕs Guide........................................................... 1-2

WhatÕs NOT in the CSX UserÕs Guide . . ........................................................... 1-3

Conventions................................................................................................................... 1-4

Screen Displays ......................................................................................................1-4

Using the Mouse ....................................................................................................1-6

Getting Help .................................................................................................................. 1-6

CSX200 and CSX400 Firmware ................................................................................... 1-7

Year 2000 Compliance ........................................................................................... 1-7

Chapter 2 Device Conﬁguration

About the CSX200 Series.............................................................................................. 2-1

Applications............................................................................................................ 2-2

About the CSX400 ......................................................................................................... 2-3

Applications............................................................................................................ 2-3

WAN Redundancy................................................................................................. 2-4

CSX WPIMs.................................................................................................................... 2-4

Chapter 3 CSX Bridge View

Bridging Basics .............................................................................................................. 3-1

About Transparent Bridging ................................................................................ 3-2

Accessing the Bridge TrafÞc View Window .............................................................. 3-2

Navigating Through the Bridge TrafÞc View ....................................................3-3

Bridge TrafÞc View Front Panel........................................................................... 3-5

The Bridge Port Display........................................................................................ 3-7

Choosing Bridge TrafÞc Information: Bridge TrafÞc View Buttons................3-7

Using the Detail View Window .................................................................................. 3-9

Changing Ports in the Detail View.................................................................... 3-11

The Bridge Status Window........................................................................................3-12

The Bridge Statistics Window ................................................................................... 3-13

The Special Database Window.................................................................................. 3-15

Changing a Special Database Filter...................................................................3-18

Viewing the Filter List.........................................................................................3-19

Hex Values for Destination Ports ............................................................... 3-19

Deleting Special Database Filters ............................................................... 3-20

iii

Contents

The Filtering Database Window ...............................................................................3-20

Viewing the Filtering Database.......................................................................... 3-21

Changing the Filtering Database Dynamic Aging Time ................................ 3-25

Changing Forwarding and Static Database Entries........................................3-26

Deleting a Static Table Entry .......................................................................3-27

Finding a Filtering Database MAC Address.................................................... 3-27

The Spanning Tree Protocol Window....................................................................... 3-28

Changing Spanning Tree Parameters................................................................3-32

The Spanning Tree Port Parameters Window.........................................................3-32

Changing a PortÕs STA Parameters....................................................................3-34

Creating Bridge TrafÞc Charts, Graphs and Meters...............................................3-34

The Bridge Port Forwarding Statistics Window ..................................................... 3-35

Port Forwarding Statistics Window Fields....................................................... 3-36

Viewing Source Routing Frame Type Statistics ...............................................3-37

ConÞguring Forwarding Thresholds ....................................................................... 3-38

Viewing the Forwarding Log.....................................................................................3-41

Changing Polling Intervals ........................................................................................ 3-43

Enabling and Disabling Ports....................................................................................3-44

Enabling and Disabling a Transparent Bridge Port ........................................ 3-44

Chapter 4 CSX WAN Conﬁguration

Accessing the CSX WAN ConÞguration Window.................................................... 4-1

Synchronous Port ConÞguration ................................................................................ 4-5

ConÞguring the Synchronous Port...................................................................... 4-6

T1 Port ConÞguration...................................................................................................4-6

ConÞguring the T1 Port ........................................................................................4-8

Using the Fractional Table .................................................................................... 4-8

WPIM S/T ConÞguration ............................................................................................4-9

Interface ConÞguration Window................................................................................4-9

ConÞguring the WAN Interfaces ....................................................................... 4-11

ConÞguring the PPP Protocol....................................................................................4-12

PPP Link Control Protocol Status Fields...........................................................4-13

Link Control Protocol ConÞguration Fields.....................................................4-14

ConÞguring Link Control Protocol Options.............................................4-16

Viewing the PPP Bridge Network Control Protocol.......................................4-17

ConÞguring the Frame Relay Protocol.....................................................................4-18

ConÞguring the Frame Relay Protocol .............................................................4-20

Viewing the Circuit ConÞguration .................................................................... 4-22

ConÞguring the Circuits .............................................................................. 4-24

Adding Circuits....................................................................................................4-24

Checking Statistics ......................................................................................................4-25

PPP Link Control Protocol Errors......................................................................4-25

Frame Relay DLCMI Last Error.........................................................................4-27

Frame Relay Circuit Counters............................................................................4-28

Creating Meters............................................................................................. 4-29

Synchronous Port Errors.....................................................................................4-30

Synchronous Port Signals ................................................................................... 4-31

Chapter 1

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

How to use the CSX200 and CSX400 User’s Guide; manual conventions; contacting the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center; ﬁrmware versions supported by SPMA

Your SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400 management modules provides management support for both the CyberSWITCH CSX200 and CyberSWITCH CSX400 stand-alone LAN-to-WAN access devices. Both the CSX200 series and the CSX400 device support PPP and Frame Relay WAN protocols, as well as multiprotocol bridging and IP/IPX routing.

The CSX200 series (CSX 201, 202, and 203) is designed for smaller branch ofÞces who need up to twelve Ethernet ports connected to a corporate WAN or ISP. Each CSX200 device has twelve RJ-45 ports and one WAN interface. Before shipping, the proper Wide Area Port Interface Module (WPIM) is installed in your device, depending on the technology you need. WPIM connections currently supported by SPMA include T1 and synchronous. In the future E1, DDS, DI (Drop-andInsert), and HDSL will also be supported by SPMA. All of these WPIM options are discussed in Chapter 2, Device ConÞguration . The CSX200 also supports Point to Point Protocol (PPP), leased lines, and Frame Relay (RFC1490), providing up to four Permanent Virtual Connections (PVCs) to corporate ofÞces or the Internet.

The CSX400 is ideal for corporate ofÞces or larger branch sites that require two individual Ethernet LAN segments with single or dual WAN connectivity. The two Ethernet ports can be conÞgured with any available EPIM media, while the two WAN ports can be occupied by any swappable combination of Cabletron WPIMs. Currently SPMA can only manage a T1 or synchronous connection, but in the future WPIM options for SPMA will also include DDS, DI, E1, and HDSL connectivity. Each WPIM can act independently, allowing simultaneous communication, or the pair can be conÞgured to provide redundant channels if desired. Connectivity is available for Point to Point Protocol (PPP), as well as Frame Relay and leased lines.

1-1

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

The CSX400 can support an ISDN connection with the WPIM-S/T. However, this

NOTES

connection is designed for WAN redundancy only. A primary ISDN WAN connection is not an option on the CSX400 at this time.

It is also important to note a Windows 95- and NT-based utility called QuickSET was shipped with your CyberSwitch. This program is designed for point-and-click installation and set-up of CSX200/400 devices. QuickSET can also be used to conÞgure WPIM settings and routing-bridging protocols, including those WPIMs not currenlty supported by SPMA. See your QuickSET documentation for more information.

HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84

The HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 are Wide Area Networking HSIMs (High Speed Interface Modules), which are similar to the CSX200/400 in that they provide LAN to WAN switching. They can be installed in SmartSwitch 2000, 6000, and 9000 modules to uplink to WANs. These HSIMs are intelligent modules with their own IP addresses, and are managed separately through SPMA as CSX-400s. Therefore, users of the HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 can also use this manual.

HSIM-W6 supports IP and IPX bridging or routing services, including IP RIP.

The Multiple WAN connectivity is similar to that of the CSX400, with the use of two conÞgurable WAN WPIMs. WPIM options are discussed in Chapter 2, Device

ConÞguration . Each WPIM on the HSIM-W6 can act independently, allowing

simultaneous communication, or the pair can be conÞgured to provide redundant channels if desired.

The HSIM-W84 provides a Þxed conÞguration of four RJ45 ports for four active T1 interfaces.

Using the CSX200 and CSX400 User’s Guide

Your SPECTRUM Portable Management Application (SPMA) for the CSX200 and CSX400 consists of a number of different applications, each of which provides a portion of the overall management functionality. Each of these applications can be accessed from the icon menu (if you are using a management platform) and from the Stand-alone Launcher or the command line (if you are running in stand-alone mode).

This UserÕs Guide describes how to use the bridging and WAN conÞguration applications included with the module; note that the instructions provided in this guide apply to the CSX200 and CSX400 module regardless of the operating system or management platform you are using. Instructions for launching each individual function from the command line (stand-alone mode) are also included in each chapter. At times this manual may refer to the ÒCSX,Ó in which case the information pertains to both the CSX200 and CSX400.

1-2 HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

Following is a description of the applications covered in this guide. While we provide as much background information as we can, we do assume that youÕre familiar with Ethernet, Frame Relay, and WAN networks, and with general network management concepts:

¥ Chapter 1, Introduction , provides a list of related documentation, describes

certain software conventions, and shows you how to contact the Cabletron

Systems Global Call Center.

¥ Chapter 2, Device ConÞguration , describes the physical conÞguration of the

CSX 200/400 devices, including WPIM options and SPMA application

options.

¥ Chapter 3, Bridge View , discusses the Bridge TrafÞc and Bridge Detail views,

instructs you on conÞguring bridge parameters, and discusses the Bridge

Filtering and Special Databases.

¥ Chapter 4,

WAN interfaces, and how to conÞgure the Frame Relay or PPP protocol

supported on each WAN interface. You can access the CSX WAN

ConÞguration window from the icon menu or the command line.

CSX WAN ConÞguration , explains how to conÞgure the WPIMs as

What’s NOT in the CSX User’s Guide . . .

The following standard SPMA tools are available through the CSX200/400 module and are explained in the SPECTRUM Portable Management Application

Tools Guide :

¥ Charts, Graphs, and Meters

¥ Community Names

¥ MIB I, II

¥ MIBTree

¥ Telnet

¥ TFTP Download

¥ Trap Table

¥ Utilities (Global Community Names, Find MAC Address, and TFTP)

Charts, Graphs, and Meters are accessible from the command line; the Utilities and MIBTree applications are accessible from the platform console window Tools menu or the Stand-alone Launcher applications menu, and MIBTree can also be launched from the command line; and the rest of the tool applications are available from the icon menu or the command line.

For the CSX400, an additional application may also appear on the platform console window Tools menu or the Stand-alone Launcher applications menu:

¥ RMON ConÞguration

Using the CSX200 and CSX400 User’s Guide 1-3

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

Note that this application must be purchased separately, and is documented in its own UserÕs Guide .

If you are using SPMA in a stand-alone mode or in conjunction with the SunNet

NOTE

Manager or Solstice Enterprise Manager platforms, the RMON option will be available for all CSX400 devices whether or not you have purchased the RMON application module. If you are using SPMA in conjunction with HP Network Node Manager or IBM NetView AIX, however, the RMON option will only appear when the module has been purchased and installed. RMON is not supported on the CSX200 series.

Instructions on discovering Cabletron devices, creating icons, and accessing the icon menus within your management platform are included in your Installing

and Using SPECTRUM for... guide. If you are using SPMA for the CSX in

stand-alone mode Ñ that is, without beneÞt of a speciÞc network management system Ñ instructions for starting each application from the command line are included (as appropriate) in each chapter of this guide and the SPMA Tools

Guide .

Conventions

SPECTRUM Portable Management Applications Ñ including the CSX200 and CSX400 module Ñ can work with a number of different network management systems running on several different operating systems and graphical user interfaces. This versatility presents two documentation problems: Þrst, there is no standard terminology; and second, the appearance of the windows will differ based on the graphical interface in use. For the sake of consistency, the following conventions will be followed throughout this and other SPMA guides.

Screen Displays

SPMA runs under a variety of different operating systems and graphical user interfaces. To maintain a consistent presentation, screen displays in this and other SPMA guides show an OSF/Motif environment. If youÕre used to a different GUI, donÕt worry; the differences are minor. Buttons, boxes, borders, and menus displayed on your screen may look a bit different from what you see in the guide, but theyÕre organized and labelled the same, located in the same places, and perform the same functions in all screen environments.

Some windows within SPMA applications can be re-sized; those windows will display the standard window resizing handles employed by your windowing system. Re-sizing a window doesnÕt re-size the information in the window; it just changes the amount of information that can be displayed (see Figure 1-1). When you shrink a window, scroll bars will appear as necessary so that you can scroll to view all the information that is available.

1-4 Conventions

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

Use the scroll bars provided to choose what to display in a window that’s been resized

Click the Refresh button to re-poll the device for information contained in a window

Figure 1-1. Window Conventions

The Refresh button that appears in several windows allows you to poll the device to update information appearing in those windows.

Conventions 1-5

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

Using the Mouse

The UNIX mouse has three buttons. Procedures within the SPMA document set refer to these buttons as follows:

Button 1

Button 2

Button 3

If youÕre using a two-button mouse, donÕt worry. SPMA doesnÕt make use of mouse button 2. Just click the left button for button 1 and the right mouse button when instructed to use mouse button 3.

Whenever possible, we will instruct you on which mouse button to employ; however, menu buttons within SPMA applications will operate according to the convention employed by the active windowing system. By convention, menu buttons under the Motif windowing environment are activated by clicking the left mouse button (referred to as mouse button 1 in SPMA documentation), and there is no response to clicking the right button (mouse button 3). Under OpenWindows, menu buttons can be activated by clicking the right button, and convention dictates that the left button activates a default menu option; within SPMA, that default option will also display the entire menu. Because of this difference, references to activating a menu button will not include instructions about which mouse button to use. All other panels from which menus can be accessed, and all buttons which do not provide access to menus, will operate according to SPMA convention, as documented.

Getting Help

If you need technical support related to SPMA, or if you have any questions, comments, or suggestions related to this manual or any of our products, please feel free to contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center. Before calling, please have the following information ready:

Figure 1-2. Mouse Buttons

1-6 Getting Help

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

¥ The product name and part number.

¥ The version number of the program that you need help with. SPMA is

modular, which means each application will have a speciÞc revision number.

Where applicable, an INFO button provides the version number; you can also

view the version number for any application by typing the command to start

the application followed by a -v .

You can contact Cabletron Systems Global Call Center via any of the following methods:

By phone: Monday through Friday between 8 AM and 8 PM

Eastern Standard Time at (603) 332-9400.

By mail: Cabletron Systems, Inc.

PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03866-5005

By Internet mail: support@ctron.com

FTP: ftp.ctron.com (134.141.197.25)

Password

By BBS: (603) 335-3358

Modem Setting 8N1: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, No parity

For additional information about Cabletron Systems products, visit our World Wide Web site: http://www.cabletron.com/ . For technical support, select Service and Support .

anonymous your email address

CSX200 and CSX400 Firmware

SPMA for the CSX200 has been beta-tested against released Þrmware version

1.02.08 only, and the CSX400 has been beta-tested again released Þrmware version

2.00.11 only. If you have a different version of Þrmware and experience problems running SPMA, contact Cabletron SystemsÕ Global Call Center for upgrade information.

As a general rule, Þrmware versions (and software support) for new products are liable to

TIP

change rapidly; contact Cabletron SystemsÕ Global Call Center for information about the latest customer release of Þrmware and software available.

Year 2000 Compliance

Previous users of SPMA will note a few display changes related to Year 2000 compliance. All SPMA applications now have the ability to display a four-digit year value where this information is available. For example, the Stand-alone

CSX200 and CSX400 Firmware 1-7

Introduction to SPMA for the CSX200 and CSX400

Launcher window Ñ which uses your workstationÕs system time value to display the time and date of the last contact change Ñ will now display these date values with eight digits (05/31/1998) instead of six (05/31/98).

Please keep in mind, however, that SPMAÕs ability to display a four-digit year value in device-speciÞc windows Ñ such as the Device Status window available from the Hub View or the Bridge View Ñ is dependent on the ÞrmwareÕs ability to provide a four-digit value. Not all Þrmware versions support this ability; contact Cabletron SystemsÕ Global Call Center for information speciÞc to your device Þrmware.

1-8 CSX200 and CSX400 Firmware

Chapter 2

Device Conﬁguration

Physical CSX device information; SPMA management applications for the CSX200 series and the CSX400; CSX WPIMs

The CSX200 series (201, 202, and 203) and the CSX 400 come with a variety of Ethernet LAN and WAN connectivity options. The WPIMs which provide the WAN connection(s) are discussed in this chapter, along with how to access the SPMA utilities available to each CSX200/400 module.

ItÕs important to note that a Windows 95- and NT-based utility called QuickSET was

NOTE

shipped with your CyberSWITCH. This program is designed for point-and-click installation and set-up of CSX200/400 devices. QuickSET can also be used to conÞgure WPIM settings and routing/bridging protocols, including those WPIMs not currenlty supported by SPMA. See your QuickSET documentation for more information.

About the CSX200 Series

There are three devices in the CSX200 family: the CSX201, CSX202, and CSX203. Each has twelve RJ-45 Ethernet ports for LAN connection via 10BaseT twisted pair cable, along with a WPIM slot to provide one WAN interface. The model number depends on the type of Wide Area Networking interface installed:

CSX201 Provides a T1/E1 Wide Area uplink

CSX202 Provides a Serial interface (V.35, X.21, RS449, RS232. or

RS530)

CSX203 Provides a DDS WAN uplink

2-1

Device Conﬁguration

NOTE

NOTES

At the time of this release, SPMA does not support a DDS interface on a CSX device. This applies to both the CSX203 and a WPIM-DDS installed on a CSX-400. In addition, the WPIM-DI, WPIM-E1, and WPIM-HDSL are also not currently supported by SPMA, but will be in the future. The Windows 95- and NT-based utility QuickSET, which was shipped with your CSX200/400 device, can be used to conÞgure these WPIMs. See your QuickSET documentation for more information.

See CSX WPIMs on page 2-4 for a description of the WPIM modules that are available for your CSX200 both currently and in the future.

The WPIM-DI and the WPIM-HDSL, which are both described later in this chapter, are supported by the CSX200 series, though they cannot be managed via SPMA at this time. While no speciÞc 200 device has been allocated for either of these WPIMs (i.e. 201, 202,

203), CSX200s with these WPIMs are available. Contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for more information.

All CSX200 devices use the same Þrmware and the same sysObjectID (csx-200). Therefore, if you have two or more different CSX200 devices on your network, the only way to tell them apart is from their WAN interfaces.

Applications

You can use the following SPMA applications to manage your CSX200 devices:

Bridge View

The Bridge View application is described in Chapter 3, CSX Bridge View. The Bridge View allows you to conÞgure bridging and Þltering parameters, and to view statistics on your CSX200 bridge.

Router Conﬁguration

The Advanced and Basic Router ConÞguration applications are both detailed in your SPMA Routing Services ConÞguration Guide. Through Basic ConÞguration you can set and view routing parameters on each port. With Advanced ConÞguration you can conÞgure static routes and secondary addresses, monitor and control routing tables, and apply network security measures using access control lists.

WAN Conﬁguration

Chapter 4, CSX WAN ConÞguration, describes this application in detail. With the CSX200Õs WAN ConÞguration window, you can set wide-area protocols and conÞgure those settings, as well as conÞgure the WPIM installed on your device.

2-2 About the CSX200 Series

About the CSX400

The CSX400 supports multiple LAN options through two Ethernet ports. These ports can be conÞgured with any combination of the following Cabletron EPIM connections:

EPIM-A Female AUI interface with DB-15 connector

EPIM-C 10Base-2 coaxial port, BNC connectors

EPIM-T 10Base-T twisted pair port with RJ45 connector

EPIM-F1 10BaseFL multi-mode Þber port with SMA connectors

EPIM-F2 10Base-FL multi-mode Þber port with ST connectors

EPIM-F3 802.3 single-mode Þber port with ST connectors

For more information on these EPIMs, consult your hardware documentation.

The CSX400 also consists of two WAN interfaces, which can currently be conÞgured with any combination of Cabletron WPIMs, which are described in

CSX WPIMs on page 2-4.

Device Conﬁguration

Applications

You can use the following SPMA applications to manage your CSX400 device:

Bridge View

The Bridge View application is described in Chapter 3, CSX Bridge View. The Bridge View allows you to conÞgure bridging and Þltering parameters, and to view statistics on your CSX400 bridge.

Router Conﬁguration

WAN Conﬁguration

RMON Conﬁguration

The RMON application must be purchased separately, and is documented in its own UserÕs Guide.

About the CSX400 2-3

Device Conﬁguration

If you are using SPMA in a stand-alone mode or in conjunction with the SunNet

NOTE

Manager or Solstice Enterprise Manager platforms, the RMON option will be available for your CSX400, whether or not you have purchased the RMON application module. If you are using SPMA in conjunction with HP Network Node Manager or IBM NetView AIX, however, the RMON option will only appear when the module has been purchased and installed.

WAN Redundancy

For a redundant wide-area connection, one of the WAN interfaces on your CSX400 can be conÞgured as a primary link, with the other interface designated as the backup. If the primary link should fail for some reason, the other WAN interface will take over as the wide area link until the primary is restored.

When a WPIM-S/T is installed as the backup interface, that connection will activate and provide an ISDN connection to the wide area network, if the primary WAN link fails. The ISDN WPIM can also provide backup for single or multiple Data Link Connection Interfaces (DLCIs). If a leased line loses a DLCI or a remote ofÞce, for example, the WPIM-S/T will restore a 64K connection for that site while the rest of the connections remain on the leased line. For more information on WAN redundancy and the WPIM-S/T, consult your QuickSET documentation or your hardware documentation.

The WPIM-S/T is designed for WAN ISDN redundancy only and is not intended to be

NOTE

used for a primary WAN connection at this time.

CSX WPIMs

The following Cabletron WPIMs provide WAN connectivity for the CSX400, HSIM-W84, and the CSX200 series. Note that currently only the WPIM-SY and

WPIM-T1 can be managed on a CSX with SPMA. For all other WPIMs, conÞguration can be done with the QuickSET application that was shipped with your device. Consult your QuickSET documentation for more details.

Chapter 4, CSX WAN ConÞguration, describes how to conÞgure the T1 and synchronous WPIMs, including Frame Relay and PPP protocol conÞguration. If there is a speciÞc device from the CSX200 series that supports the WPIM, it is noted below. Otherwise, the WPIM can be special-ordered and installed in a general CSX200 (contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for more information).

WPIM-DDS DDS is Digital Data Services, a digital network that

supports data rates of 56Kbps or 64Kbps. The DDS

2-4 CSX WPIMs

Device Conﬁguration

service provides users with dedicated, two-way simultaneous transmission capabilities operating at transfer rates up to 64 Kbps. This WPIM comes with a built-in CSX/DSU. (CSX203)

WPIM-DI The DI (Drop-and-Insert) WPIM provides a T1 interface

through a front-panel RJ45 port and includes a built-in CSU/DSU for direct connection to a T1 line. The WPIMDI provides Full T1 or Fractional T1 using 56 or 64 Kbps Time Slots. It also provides a second Drop-and-Insert interface that allows more than one device, such as a PBX, to share a single T1 connection. (CSX201)

WPIM-E1 This WPIM provides an E1 interface through a front-

panel RJ-45 port and includes a built-in CSU/DSU for direct connection to an E1 line. This WPIM provides Full E1 or Fractional E1 using 56 or 64 Kbps Time Slots with a total throughput of up to 2 Mbps. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) allows for the channelization of up to 31 links of a single physical interface. (CSX201)

WPIM-HDSL This WPIM is designed for campus environments and

provides a connection for sending LAN trafÞc over existing telephone lines at rates up to 1.544Mbps. It can communicate reliably up to a distance of 12,000 feet over Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cabling.

WPIM-S/T For the CSX400 only. This WPIM provides an ISDN 128

Kbps Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and is designed for an ISDN back-up link for a frame relay or leased line. In the United States and Canada, Network Terminator equipment (NT1) is required to provide an interface between the WPIM-S/T and the ISDN line.

WPIM-SY Provides a synchronous serial connection of up to 2.048

Mbps to external communications equipment (an external CSU/DSU is required). For the CSX202. The following electrical interfaces are supported. An external CSU/DSU is required (consult your hardware documentation for cable pinout information):

EIA-RS449

V.35

EIA-RS232D

X.21

EIA-RS530

EIA-530A

RS530 ALT A

CSX WPIMs 2-5

Device Conﬁguration

RS530A ALT A

WPIM-T1 Provides a T1 interface through a front-panel RJ45 port

and includes a built-in CSU/DSU for direct connection to a T1 line. The WPIM-T1 provides both Full T1 or Fractional T1 using 56 or 64 Kbps Time Slots, with a total throughput of up to 1.544 Mbps. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) allows for channelization of up to 24 links over a single physical T1/FT1 interface. CSX201

WPIM-T1/DDS This WPIM provides both a T1 and DDS interface that

allows you to easily switch between the two interfaces by changing the physical cabling and reconÞguring the desired interface with either QuickSET or SPMA. Currently, however, SPMA does not support a DDS interface on a CSX device.

For more information on these WPIMs, consult the appropriate hardware documentation or your QuickSET documentation.

2-6 CSX WPIMs

Chapter 3

CSX Bridge View

A brief explanation of bridging methods; a tour of the Bridge Trafﬁc View; using the Detail View; monitoring bridge operation; using the Special Database and the Filtering Database; conﬁguring bridge operating parameters; setting forwarding thresholds, statistics, and notiﬁcation options; setting polling parameters; enabling and disabling bridges

The SPECTRUM Portable Management Application (SPMA) Bridge View for the CSX200/400 presents a series of windows that describe the modulesÕ bridge and bridge ports. The Bridge View is supported by the dot1dBridge MIB. You can monitor bridge activity and performance and manage bridge conÞguration for Transparent bridging through the Bridge TrafÞc View and other related windows.

Bridging Basics

Bridges are used in local area networks to connect two or more network segments and to control the ßow of packets between the segments. Ideally, bridges forward packets to another network segment only when necessary. Bridges are also used to increase the fault tolerance in a local area network by creating redundant bridge paths between network segments. This is so that in the event of a bridge or bridge segment failure, an alternate bridge path will be available to network trafÞc, without signiÞcant interruption to its ßow.

The method a CSX200/400 bridge uses to forward packets, choose a bridge path, and ensure that a sending stationÕs messages take only one bridge path is known as Transparent Bridging.

In many Bridge View windows you may see grayed out options for Source Routing.

NOTE

Source Routing is a different kind of bridging which does not apply to your CSX200/400 bridge.

3-1

CSX Bridge View

About T ransparent Bridging

Individual Transparent bridges monitor packet trafÞc on attached network segments to learn where end stations reside in relation to each segment by mapping the Source Address of each received frame to the port (and segment) it was detected on. This information gets stored in the bridgeÕs Filtering Database.

When in the Forwarding state, the bridge compares a packetÕs destination address to the information in the Filtering Database to determine if the packet should be forwarded to another network segment or Þltered (i.e., not forwarded). A bridge Þlters a packet if it determines that the packetÕs destination address exists on the same side of the bridge as the source address.

If two or more bridges are connected to the same Ethernet LAN segment Ñ placed in parallel Ñ only a single bridge must be allowed to forward data frames onto that segment. If two or more bridges were forwarding data frames onto the same Ethernet segment, the network would soon be ßooded. With a data loop in the topology, bridges would erroneously associate a single source address with multiple bridge ports, and keep proliferating data by forwarding packets in response to the ever-changing (but incorrect) information stored in their Filtering Database.

To avoid such data storms, Transparent bridges communicate with one another on the network by exchanging Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs) to determine the network topology and collectively implement a Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) that selects a controlling bridge for each LAN segment; this ensures that only a single data route exists between any two end stations and that topology information remains current.

Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window

There are two ways to access the CSX Bridge View.

from the icon:

1. Click on the appropriate device icon to display the icon menu.

2. Drag down to Bridge-View and release.

from the command line (stand-alone mode):

1. From the appropriate directory type:

spmarun bridge <IP address> <community name>

3-2 Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window

NOTES

CSX Bridge View

The spmarun script invoked Þrst in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate; be sure to use this command any time you launch an application from the command line. This script is automatically invoked when you launch an application from the icon menu or from within the Bridge TrafÞcView.

If there is a hostname mapped to your CSXÕs IP address, you can use <hostname> in place of <IP address> to launch the Bridge View. Please note, however, that the hostname is not the same as the device name which can be assigned via Local Management and/or SPMA; you cannot use the device name in place of the IP address.

The community name you use to start the Bridge application must have at least Read access; for full management functionality, you should use a community name that provides Read/Write or Superuser access. For more information on community names, consult the appropriate Installing and Using SPECTRUM for... guide, and/or the Community Names chapter in the SPMA Tools Guide.

The Bridge TrafÞc View is the heart of the Bridge application. The Þrst window to appear when you start the Bridge application, it contains a status display of the deviceÕs bridge ports and contains the buttons and menus that provide access to all bridge monitoring and management functions.

Navigating Through the Bridge Trafﬁc View

Within the Bridge TrafÞc View, you can click mouse buttons in different areas of the window to initiate management tasks. The following diagram shows you how to display the Bridge TrafÞc View Device and Port menus.

Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window 3-3

CSX Bridge View

Virtual Ports

Each list entry represents a bridge port. Click button 1 on a Bridge Port list entry to select it. Once a port is selected, click button 3 on the Port Menu button to display the Port menu. Click button 1 on a bridge port to select it for display in the Detail View (at least two must be selected to activate the Detail View button).

Figure 3-1. Mousing Around the CSX Bridge TrafÞc View

Depending on the type of WAN connection(s) you have on your CSX200/400, the Bridge

NOTE

TrafÞc View window may display a number of virtual bridge ports, for which only a port index is visible. The Bridge TrafÞc View window displays all of the virtual bridge ports available through your WAN interface(s). The virtual ports are not conÞgurable from this window Ñ nor will there be any visible information beyond port index Ñ unless they are in use.

To display the Device menu:

1. Click on in the Bridge Trafﬁc View front panel.

Click on the Device button to display the Device menu

The Front Panel shows device-level summary information.

3-4 Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window

To display a Port menu:

1. Click mouse button 1 on a Bridge Port entry to select it.

2. Click mouse button 3 on the Port Menu button.

Bridge Trafﬁc View Front Panel

The right side of the Bridge TrafÞc View displays device summary information:

Contact Status

Contact Status is a color code that shows the status of the connection between SPMA and the device:

¥ Green means a valid connection.

¥ Blue means that SPMA is trying to reach the device but doesnÕt yet know if the

connection will be successful.

¥ Red means that SPMA has lost contact with the device.

CSX Bridge View

NOTE

Uptime

The time that the device has been running without interruption. The counter resets to 0 days 00:00:00 (X days HH:MM:SS) when one of the following occurs:

¥ Power to the device is cycled.

¥ The device is reset manually.

Time and Date

The date and time are taken from the deviceÕs internal 24-hour clock, which you can set in the Bridge Status window; see The Bridge Status Window, page 3-12.

Device Name

This Þeld displays the name youÕve assigned to this device in the Bridge Status window; see The Bridge Status Window, page 3-12.

Device Location

This Þeld displays the location youÕve assigned to this device in the Bridge Status window; see The Bridge Status Window, page 3-12.

If you have assigned a device name or location that contains more than 18 characters, only the Þrst 18 will be displayed in the Bridge TrafÞc View. Check the Device Status window for the complete name and/or location, if necessary.

Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window 3-5

CSX Bridge View

IP Address

The deviceÕs Internet Protocol address. You cannot change the IP address from SPMA. For multi-interface devices, this will be the IP used to deÞne the device icon (if you are using a management platform) or the IP used to launch the application (if you are running in stand-alone mode).

MAC Address

The deviceÕs factory-set MAC hardware address.

Clicking on the Device button displays the Device menu. The Device menu lets you perform the following (depending on what is supported by your device):

¥ Open the Bridge Status window.

¥ Display a summary of bridge statistics.

¥ Open the Filtering Database window.

¥ Open the Find MAC Address window.

¥ Open the Special Database window.

NOTE

¥ Open the Spanning Tree Protocol window.

¥ Open the Polling Intervals window.

It is possible you may also see a menu selection for SmartTrunk. Please be aware that the SmartTrunking feature is not supported by the CSX200/400.

If you need to call CabletronÕs Global Call Center about a problem with the Bridge View, youÕll need the information provided in the Information window:

Bridge ﬁrmware revision

SPMA Bridge View version

Figure 3-2. Bridge Information Window

3-6 Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window

Clicking mouse button 1 on the Bridge TrafÞc View Quit button closes all Bridge View windows.

The Bridge Port Display

Each Bridge Port entry in the Bridge TrafÞc View displays information about its corresponding bridge port.

The Bridge Port entry numbers are color-coded, reßecting their current status. Bridge Port entries for disabled bridge ports are colored blue. Enabled bridge ports are colored green, yellow, or red, depending on the range in which the trafÞc volume through that port falls. See ConÞguring Forwarding Thresholds,

page 3-38, for complete instructions on assigning trafÞc ranges and their

corresponding Bridge Port entry colors.

Bridge Port entry Þelds are as follows:

Port #

The index number assigned to the bridge port. On CSX devices, index numbers are also assigned to every available virtual port. Virtual ports are detected on your WAN interface(s).

CSX Bridge View

Type

The bridge portÕs interface type (e.g. ethernet-csmacd, fddi, ppp, token ring, etc.).

MAC

The MAC address of the interface associated with the port.

The remaining information displayed in the Bridge Port entry depends on selections made using the buttons located at the bottom of the Bridge TrafÞc View. See the next section, Choosing Bridge TrafÞc Information: Bridge TrafÞc View

Buttons, for instructions on using these buttons.

Choosing Bridge Trafﬁc Information: Bridge Trafﬁc View Buttons

In addition to the Port Menu button, there are four buttons at the bottom of the Bridge TrafÞc View. These four control the type of information that appears in some of the Bridge Port entry Þelds. (The Port number, Type, and MAC address Þelds are not affected by any of these buttons.)

The Source Routing/Transparent Bridging button isnÕt applicable to CSX200/400

NOTE

devices, as only Transparent Bridging is supported. The Source Routing option will be grayed out.

Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window 3-7

CSX Bridge View

The Frames/Admin and Delta/Percentage buttons each let you choose one of the two display modes for the Bridge Port entries. The display mode visible on a button is the one not currently selected. Clicking on a button when the button displays the desired mode type chooses that mode type for the Bridge Port entries. For example, the Frames/Admin button will display Frames when the Admin display mode is in effect and Admin when the Frames display mode is in effect.

The Frames/Admin button allows you to change the information displayed in the Bridge Port entries between trafÞc statistics (when Frames is selected) and port state/status (when Admin is selected).

The Frames display mode shows the following Bridge Port information:

¥ Frms InÑDisplays the total number of frames, including BPDU frames,

received at this bridge port from its attached network segment during the last polling interval.

¥ Frms OutÑDisplays the total number of frames, including BPDU frames,

transmitted or forwarded through this port to its attached network segment during the last polling interval.

¥ ForwardedÑDisplays frames forwarded by this bridge port to another bridge

port on the device during the last polling interval. You can change this display using the Delta/Percentage button (described in this section). When Delta is selected, this Þeld displays the total number of frames forwarded by this bridge port to another port on the bridge during the last polling interval. When Percentage is selected, this Þeld displays the percentage of all frames received by the port from its network segment that were forwarded to another port on the bridge during the last polling interval.

When the Admin option is selected, the Bridge Port entries display port Status Ñ whether the port is enabled or disabled Ñ and port State.

Enabled The port is able to participate in bridging and the

Spanning Tree Algorithm.

Disabled The port cannot participate in bridging or Spanning Tree

operations.

Enabling and disabling a port changes its Port Status, not its Port State.

A portÕs State indicates whether or not the port is forwarding packets and participating in the exchange of BPDUs. The Spanning Tree Algorithm determines the state of each port in order to maintain an active topology with no data loops. As a port moves from the blocking to the forwarding state, it will remain in each state for the duration of the Forward Delay in order to prevent data loops while the active topology is changing. Possible port states are as follows:

Disabled The port has been disabled by management; it cannot

receive or forward trafÞc, and is not participating in the exchange of BPDUs.

3-8 Accessing the Bridge Trafﬁc View Window

CSX Bridge View

Blocking This port is not forwarding or receiving trafÞc (and

therefore no physical address information is added to the Filtering Database) nor is it sending or receiving BPDUs. A port will enter the blocking state for two reasons: if it receives information that another bridge is the designated bridge to the network segment to which this port is attached, or immediately after it has been enabled by management.

Listening This state is entered from the blocking state when the

STA determines that this port should participate in frame relay. The port is processing BPDUs, but is not yet forwarding or receiving trafÞc or adding information to the Filtering Database.

Learning The port is processing BPDUs, but is not yet relaying

packets. The port is adding address information to the Filtering Database.

Forwarding A port enters this state from the Learning state. The port

is relaying frames and processing BPDUs. A port in this state can enter the Disabled state by management.

Broken If the port is malfunctioning, this value will display in

the State Þeld.

This two-state button is active when you have bridge statistics displayed in the Bridge Port entries (i.e., when Frames is selected); otherwise, it is grayed. When you click on Delta, the Forward field in the Bridge Port entries displays the total number of frames forwarded by this bridge port to another port on the bridge during the last polling interval. When you click on Percentage, the Forward field in the Bridge Port entries displays the percentage of all frames received by the port from its network segment that were also forwarded to another port on the bridge during the last polling interval.

The Detail View button lets you take a closer look at trafÞc between two, three, or four selected bridge ports. The Detail View button is grayed unless you have at least two bridge ports selected. For complete instructions on how to use the Detail View, see the next section.

Using the Detail View Window

The Detail View provides port-level information on any two, three, or four ports.

To open the Detail View:

Using the Detail View Window 3-9

CSX Bridge View

1. In the Bridge Trafﬁc View, select two, three, or four ports by clicking mouse button 1 on the desired ports; the selected P ort entries will be highlighted. The Detail View button becomes active once you select at least two bridge ports.

2. Click on the Detail View button. The Detail View window appears, with the selected ports displayed as boxes.

Figure 3-3. Detail View Showing Four Ports

Due to Þrmware limitations, you may see a bridge port incorrectly identiÞed as Ò(FNB).Ó

NOTE

This can occur here in the Detail View window or in the Bridge Statistics window (see

page 3-13). In either case the port number is correct, but Ò(FNB)Ó should be disregarded.

3-10 Using the Detail View Window

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