Cabletron Systems 2000 User Manual

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Title Page

SmartSwitch 2000

User’s Guide

Page 2

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Notice

Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in speciÞcations and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made.

The hardware, Þrmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.

IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF CABLETRON SYSTEMS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF, KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

Virus Disclaimer

Cabletron has tested its software with current virus checking technologies. However, because no anti-virus system is 100% reliable, we strongly caution you to write protect and then verify that the Licensed Software, prior to installing it, is virus-free with an anti-virus system in which you have conÞdence.

Cabletron Systems makes no representations or warranties to the effect that the Licensed Software is virus-free.

Printed in the United States of America.

Order Number: 9032167-03 April 1999

Cabletron Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03866-5005

SPECTRUM , MiniMMAC , FNB , Multi Media Access Center , and DNI are registered trademarks,

and Portable Management Application , IRM , IRM2 , IRM3 , IRBM , ETSMIM , EFDMIM , EMME ,

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trademarks of Cabletron Systems, Inc.

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Cabletron Systems, Inc., 35 Industrial Way, Rochester, New Hampshire 03867-0505.

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(e) This Notice shall be marked on any reproduction of this computer software, in whole or in part.

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Chapter 1 Introduction

Using the SmartSwitch 2000 UserÕs Guide................................................................ 1-5

Related Manuals............................................................................................................ 1-6

Software Conventions .................................................................................................. 1-7

Using the Mouse ....................................................................................................1-7

Common SmartSwitch 2000 Window Fields ..................................................... 1-8

Using Window Buttons....................................................................................... 1-10

Getting Help ................................................................................................................ 1-10

Using On-line Help.............................................................................................. 1-10

Accessing On-line Documentation.................................................................... 1-11

Getting Help from the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center ..................... 1-11

SmartSwitch 2000 Firmware...................................................................................... 1-12

Chapter 2 The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Viewing Chassis Information...................................................................................... 2-2

Front Panel Information........................................................................................ 2-3

Menu Structure....................................................................................................... 2-4

Port Status Displays............................................................................................. 2-11

Selecting a Port Status View........................................................................ 2-12

Port Status Color Codes............................................................................... 2-16

The Chassis Physical View ................................................................................. 2-16

The Chassis Manager Window.......................................................................... 2-17

Viewing Hardware Types ...................................................................................2-18

Device Type ................................................................................................... 2-18

Module Type.................................................................................................. 2-19

Connection Type ...........................................................................................2-19

Interface Description.................................................................................... 2-20

Viewing I/F Summary Information.................................................................. 2-20

Interface Performance Statistics/Bar Graphs ........................................... 2-21

Viewing Interface Detail.............................................................................. 2-23

Making Sense of Detail Statistics......................................................... 2-25

Using Find Source Address Functions..................................................................... 2-26

Using the Device Find Source Address Option............................................... 2-26

Using the Device Find Source Address Option

on Ethernet MicroLAN Switches................................................................ 2-27

Using the Find Source Address Feature ........................................................... 2-29

Managing the Hub...................................................................................................... 2-30

ConÞguring Ports ................................................................................................ 2-30

ConÞguring Standard Ethernet and FDDI Ports ..................................... 2-31

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Contents

ConÞguring Fast Ethernet Ports on First Generation Devices ............... 2-33

Setting the Desired Operational Mode............................................... 2-36

ConÞguring Ethernet Ports on Second Generation Devices ..................2-38

Operational Mode Fields...................................................................... 2-40

Setting the Desired Operational Mode............................................... 2-41

Auto Negotiation Technologies ...........................................................2-42

Setting Advertised Abilities for Auto Negotiation ...........................2-43

ConÞguring the COM Port..........................................................................2-43

Using an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) ......................................2-45

Accessing the UPS Window.................................................................2-46

Setting the UPS ID .................................................................................2-48

Using the Test Option............................................................................ 2-48

Using the Disconnect Option............................................................... 2-48

Redirecting TrafÞc on the SmartSwitch 2000 ...................................................2-48

Priority ConÞguration......................................................................................... 2-50

ConÞguring Priority Queuing Based on Receive Port ............................2-51

ConÞguring Priority Queuing Based on MAC-layer Information ........2-54

ConÞguring Priority Queuing Based on Packet Type .............................2-56

The System Resources Window ......................................................................... 2-58

Reserving CPU Bandwidth .........................................................................2-60

802.1Q VLANs...................................................................................................... 2-60

What is a VLAN? ..........................................................................................2-61

What is an 802.1Q Port-Based VLAN? ......................................................2-61

About 802.1Q VLAN ConÞguration and Operation ...............................2-61

Ingress List Operation........................................................................... 2-62

Egress List Operation............................................................................ 2-62

802.1Q Port Types ..................................................................................2-63

ConÞguring Your 802.1Q VLANS .....................................................................2-64

Setting VLAN Parameters and Operational Modes ................................2-64

Creating and Modifying VLANs......................................................... 2-66

Deleting VLANs.....................................................................................2-66

Enabling and Disabling VLANs.......................................................... 2-67

Updating VLAN ConÞg Window Information................................. 2-67

Performing Ingress List ConÞguration...................................................... 2-67

Assigning VLAN Membership to Ports .............................................2-69

Setting Port Operational Modes ..........................................................2-70

Setting Port Frame Discard Formats................................................... 2-70

Updating VLAN Port ConÞg Window Information ........................2-70

Performing Egress List ConÞguration....................................................... 2-70

Building an Egress List .........................................................................2-72

Broadcast Suppression ........................................................................................2-72

Setting the Device Date and Time......................................................................2-75

Enabling and Disabling Ports............................................................................. 2-76

Chapter 3 Alarm Conﬁguration

About RMON Alarms and Events.............................................................................. 3-1

Basic Alarm ConÞguration .......................................................................................... 3-2

Accessing the Basic Alarm ConÞguration Window.......................................... 3-3

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Viewing Alarm Status ....................................................................................3-4

Creating and Editing a Basic Alarm.................................................................... 3-6

Disabling a Basic Alarm........................................................................................ 3-9

Viewing the Basic Alarm Log............................................................................... 3-9

Advanced Alarm ConÞguration ............................................................................... 3-11

Accessing the RMON Advanced Alarm/Event List....................................... 3-11

Creating and Editing an Advanced Alarm ...................................................... 3-14

Creating and Editing an Event........................................................................... 3-21

Adding Actions to an Event........................................................................ 3-24

Deleting an Alarm, Event, or Action................................................................. 3-26

Viewing an Advanced Alarm Event Log.......................................................... 3-27

How Rising and Falling Thresholds Work .............................................................. 3-28

Chapter 4 Statistics

Accessing the Statistics Windows............................................................................... 4-1

RMON Statistics ............................................................................................................ 4-2

Viewing Total, Delta, and Accumulated Statistics ............................................ 4-5

Printing Statistics ...................................................................................................4-6

IF Statistics ..................................................................................................................... 4-6

Contents

Chapter 5 Managing Ethernet MicroLAN Switches

Repeater Statistics .........................................................................................................5-1

The Statistics Windows......................................................................................... 5-2

Accessing the Statistics Windows ................................................................ 5-2

Statistics DeÞned ............................................................................................ 5-4

Using the Total and Delta Option Buttons .................................................. 5-5

Timer Statistics ....................................................................................................... 5-6

Accessing the Timer Statistics Windows ..................................................... 5-6

Setting the Timer Statistics Interval ............................................................. 5-8

Repeater Performance Graphs............................................................................. 5-8

Accessing the Performance Graph Windows............................................. 5-9

ConÞguring the Performance Graphs .......................................................5-12

The Detail Button.......................................................................................... 5-12

Frame Status Breakdown ..................................................................... 5-13

Error Breakdown ................................................................................... 5-13

Alarm Limits................................................................................................................ 5-14

Accessing the Alarm Limits Windows.............................................................. 5-14

ConÞguring Alarms............................................................................................. 5-19

Setting the Alarm Limits Time Interval ..................................................... 5-19

Setting Alarm Limits ........................................................................................... 5-20

Trap Selection............................................................................................................... 5-21

Accessing the Trap Selection Windows ............................................................ 5-21

Trap DeÞnitions.................................................................................................... 5-22

ConÞguring Traps ................................................................................................ 5-24

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Contents

Chapter 6 FDDI Applications

Concentrator ConÞguration ........................................................................................6-2

Connection Policy Window......................................................................................... 6-6

Station List...................................................................................................................... 6-8

Stations Panel.......................................................................................................... 6-9

FDDI Performance ......................................................................................................6-10

FDDI Statistics .............................................................................................................6-12

Setting the FDDI Statistics Poll Rate..................................................................6-13

ConÞguring FDDI Frame Translation Settings .......................................................6-14

Information about Ethernet and FDDI Frame Types ......................................6-14

Ethernet Frames ............................................................................................6-15

FDDI Frames.................................................................................................. 6-17

FDDI Frame Translation Options ...................................................................... 6-17

Chapter 7 ATM Conﬁguration

Accessing the ATM Connections Window ................................................................7-1

ConÞguring Connections............................................................................................. 7-4

Adding a New Connection................................................................................... 7-4

Deleting a Connection ........................................................................................... 7-4

Chapter 8 HSIM-W87 Conﬁguration

The T3 ConÞguration Window ...................................................................................8-1

The T1 ConÞguration Window ...................................................................................8-3

ConÞguring IP Priority................................................................................................. 8-6

Index

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Chapter 1

Introduction

How to use this guide; related guides; software conventions; getting help; SmartSwitch 2000 ﬁrmware versions

Welcome to the SPECTRUM Element Manager SmartSwitch We have designed this guide to serve as a simple reference for using SPECTRUM Element Manager for the SmartSwitch 2000 family of devices.

The SmartSwitch 2000 product family consists of several models of standalone high-speed network devices. By default, these devices perform traditional switching (or bridging); each can also be conÞgured to perform prestandard IEEE

802.1Q VLAN switching (a.k.a Òport-based VLANÓ switching) or CabletronÕs SecureFast switching (activated via Local Management).

The SmartSwitch 2000 family of devices includes:

¥ The 2E42-27 and 2E42-27R SmartSwitches, which have a total of 27 ports

consisting of 24 built-in front panel RJ45 ports, two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server, and one additional slot for a High Speed Interface Module (HSIM) which can provide FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, or WAN connectivity depending on the type of HSIM installed. The only difference between the two devices is that the 2E42-27 supports a single power supply, and the 2E42-27R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

¥ The 2E43-27 and 2E43-27R SmartSwitches, which have a total of 27 ports

consisting of two RJ21 Connectors (which provide 24 switched Ethernet connections), two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server, and one additional slot for a High Speed Interface Module (HSIM) which can provide FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, or WAN connectivity depending on the type of HSIM installed. The only difference between the two devices is that the 2E43-27 supports a single power supply, and the 2E43-27R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

2000 UserÕs Guide.

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Introduction

¥ The 2E43-51 and 2E43-51R SmartSwitches, which are 48 port MicroLAN

Ethernet switches (4 MicroLANs of 12 ports each, via four RJ21 Telco connectors) with two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server, and one additional slot for a High Speed Interface Module (HSIM) which can provide FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, or WAN connectivity depending on the type of HSIM installed. The only difference between the two devices is that the 2E43-51 supports a single power supply, and the 2E43-51R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

¥ The 2H23-50R SmartSwitch is a 48 port MicroLAN 10/100 Mbps Ethernet

switch (4 separately repeated MicroLANs of 12 ports each, via four RJ21 Telco connectors). The 2H23-50R also provides two FEPIM slots for uplinks, and features redundant internal power supplies.

¥ The

¥ The 2E48-27 and 2E48-27R SmartSwitches, which have a total of 27 ports

¥ The 2E49-27 and 2E49-27R SmartSwitches, which have a total of 27 ports

¥ The 2H252-25R SmartSwitch, which provides 24 10/100 Ethernet ports via

2H33-37R SmartSwitch is a 36 port MicroLAN 10/100 Mbps Ethernet

switch (3 separately repeated MicroLANs of 12 ports each, via RJ21 Telco connectors). A single HSIM slot is also provided, as are redundant internal power supplies.

consisting of 24 built-in front panel 10Base-FL multimode Þber ST ports, two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server, and one additional slot for a High Speed Interface Module (HSIM) which can provide FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, or WAN connectivity depending on the type of HSIM installed. The only difference between the two devices is that the 2E48-27 supports a single power supply, and the 2E48-27R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

consisting of 24 built-in front panel 10Base-FL single mode Þber ST ports, two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server, and one additional slot for a High Speed Interface Module (HSIM) which can provide FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, or WAN connectivity depending on the type of HSIM installed. The only difference between the two devices is that the 2E49-27 supports a single power supply, and the 2E49-27R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

RJ45 connectors, as well as a VHSIM slot, which can accept any of CabletronÕs HSIMs or the VHSIM-G6 Gigabit Ethernet High Speed Interface Module.

1-2

¥ The 2E253-49R SmartSwitch, which provides 48 Ethernet ports via 4 RJ21 Telco

connectors, redundant internal power supplies, and a single VHSIM slot.

¥ The 2H22-08R SmartSwitch, which has a total of eight ports consisting of six

built-in front panel 10/100BaseTX RJ45 ports and two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server. The 2H22-08R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

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Introduction

¥ The 2H28-08R SmartSwitch, which has a total of eight ports consisting of six

built-in front panel 100BaseFX multimode Þber SC ports and two front panel slots for optional Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server. The 2H28-08R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

¥ The 2H253-25R SmartSwitch is a 10/100 Fast Ethernet switch, providing 24

100BaseTX ports via dual RJ21 connectors, and a VHSIM slot. The 2H253-25R also includes redundant internal power supplies.

¥ The 2H258-17R SmartSwitch features 16 100BaseFX MMF (via MT-RJ

connectors) ports, and a single VHSIM slot. The 2H258-17R also includes redundant internal power supplies.

¥ The 2M46-04R SmartSwitch provides two front panel slots for optional Fast

Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) to support an uplink to 100 Mbps Ethernet backbones or a high speed connection to a local server, and two slots for High Speed Interface Modules (HSIMs) which can provide FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, or WAN connectivity depending on the type of HSIMs installed. The 2M46-04R supports dual, redundant power supplies.

Several Fast Ethernet Port Interface Modules (FEPIMs) are available for use with the various SmartSwitch 2000 models:

¥ the FE-100FX , which provides one multi-mode Þber port via an SC connector;

¥ the FE-100TX , with one Category 5 UTP RJ45 connector;

¥ the FE-100F3 , with one single-mode Þber port via an SC connector;

¥ and the FE-100S1 , S3 , and S5 , which provide one multi-mode Þber,

single-mode Þber, or long reach single-mode Þber SONET/SDH port, all via SC connectors.

Two types of High Speed Interface Modules (HSIMs) are available for use with the various SmartSwitch 2000 models. Each HSIM provides frame translation between ATM, FDDI, WAN, Gigabit Ethernet, and Ethernet through an on-board Intel i960 processor:

¥ The HSIM-F6 is an FDDI/Ethernet Translator, which can act as a Single

Attached Station (SAS) or Dual Attached Station (DAS) on an external FDDI ring. CabletronÕs FDDI Port Interface Modules (FPIMs) provide a wide range of media connectivity to the ring. The HSIM-F6 also has full-duplex capability, allowing for a 200 Mbps connection to another HSIM-F6.

¥ The HSIM-A6DP is an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) HSIM, which

provides an ATM uplink via two media-conÞgurable ATM Port Interface Modules (APIMs). The dual APIM design allows for a redundant connection to the uplink, so that if the primary interface fails, the secondary interface will automatically take over. The HSIM-A6DP acts as an ATM Forum LAN Emulation Client (LEC) so that it can transfer data between devices on an

802.X LAN supported by the SmartSwitch 2000 and ATM-connected end stations (or other 802.X end stations) across a high speed ATM Link. The HSIM-A6DP adheres to the ATM Forum-approved LAN Emulation (LANE)

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Introduction

standard, which deÞnes how end users that rely on existing data communications technology and protocols can operate over an ATM network without penalty.

¥ The HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 are Wide Area Networking (WAN) HSIMs,

which can provide uplinks to WAN backbones and allow you to perform seamless LAN to WAN switching. The HSIM-W6 supports IP and IPX bridging or routing services, including IP RIP. Multiple WAN connectivity options are supported, including Sync, T1, E1, D&I, ISDN S/T, DDS, and HDSL interfaces, through the use of two conÞgurable WAN Physical Interface Modules (WPIMs). Connectivity is available for Point to Point Protocol (PPP), as well as Frame Relay and Leased Lines. Each WPIM can act independently, allowing simultaneous communication, or conÞgured to provide redundant channels if desired. The

HSIM-W84 provides a Þxed conÞguration of four

RJ45 ports for four active T1 interfaces.

NOTE

The HSIM-W6 and HSIM-W84 are intelligent devices that are functionally identical to the CSX400. These HSIMs require their own IP addresses, and are managed as individual devices rather than as part of the device in which they are installed. Refer to the CSX200 and CSX400 UserÕs Guide for details on managing these devices using SPECTRUM Element Manager.

¥ The HSIM-W87 is a Wide Area Network (WAN) HSIM that provides LAN to

WAN connectivity for any SmartSwitch that supports high-speed interface modules (HSIMs). The HSIM-W87 has a DS3 interface (T3), providing up to 28 separate DS1 connections (T1). Refer to Chapter 8, HSIM-W87 ConÞguration , for information on conÞguring an HSIM-W87.

¥ The HSIM-G01 and HSIM-G09 are Gigabit Ethernet HSIMs, each of which

provide a single Gigabit Ethernet connection that fully conforms to the IEEE P802.3z (D3.1) Draft Standard. The HSIM-G01 provides a single 1000Base-SX (short-wave) multimode Þber optic SC interface, allowing for link distances of up to 500 meters. The HSIM-G09 provides a single 1000Base-LX (long-wave) single mode/multimode Þber optic SC interface, allowing for link distances of up to 3 kilometers.

¥ The HSIM-SSA710/20 are Wide Area Networking (WAN) HSIMs that support

up to two ISDN PRI interfaces with up to 24 V.90 56K modem connections.

The HSIM-SSA710/20 are intelligent devices that are managed as individual devices rather than as part of the device in which they are installed. Before you can access the device, you must add it to your central node database by inserting it in an existing List, Tree, or Map View, or by doing a Discover process (refer to your UserÕs Guide for more information). Once it has been added to your List, Tree, or Map view, you can access and manage the HSIM according to the information in Chapter 2, The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis

View.

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Page 13

CabletronÕs latest SmartSwitches feature VHSIM slots, which can accept any of the previously detailed HSIMs or the VHSIM-G6 Gigabit Ethernet High Speed Interface Module:

¥ The VHSIM-G6 is a Gigabit Ethernet module which provides two slots for

GPIMs of various media to offer integrated Gigabit Ethernet uplink capability. The VHSIM-G6 can accept the GPIM-01, which offers one SC connector for MMF 1000Base SX Gigabit Ethernet connectivity, the GPIM-09, which offers one SC connector for MMF or SMF 1000Base LX connectivity, or the GPIM-04, which offers one ANSI Fibrechannel style-2 connector for 150 Ohm STP 1000Base CX connectivity.

The various SmartSwitch 2000 devices described above will be collectively referred to as the SmartSwitch 2000 throughout this userÕs guide.

Using the SmartSwitch 2000 User’s Guide

Each chapter in this guide describes one major functionality or a collection of several smaller functionalities of the SmartSwitch 2000 devices. This guide contains information about software functions which are accessed directly from the device icon; additional management information about tools and features common to many devices can also be found in the SPECTRUM Element Manager

UserÕs Guide, the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide, and the Remote Administration Tools UserÕs Guide.

Introduction

Chapter 1, Introduction, provides a list of related documentation, describes certain software conventions, and shows you how to contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center.

Chapter 2, The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View, describes the visual display of the SmartSwitch 2000 device and explains how to use the mouse within the Chassis View; the operation of device-level management functions Ñ including Find Source Address, Port Redirect, Advanced Priority ConÞguration, pre-standard 802.1Q port-based VLAN conÞguration, enabling and disabling ports and setting device date and time Ñ is also described here. This chapter also explains how to manage the device by monitoring its system resources, establishing device-level port priorities, setting up broadcast suppression on the device, and conÞguring the deviceÕs front panel COM port and any attached Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS).

Chapter 3, Alarm ConÞguration, describes the Alarm and Event application windows and how to conÞgure alarms and events for each available interface.

Chapter 4, Statistics, describes the statistics windows available on the port menu from the Chassis View. One of two statistics windows will display for your device; both the Ethernet Statistics and Interface Statistics windows are described in this chapter.

Chapter 5, Managing Ethernet MicroLAN Switches, describes Ethernet repeater-speciÞc functionality which you can use to monitor and manage Ethernet MicroLAN Switches (e.g., the 2E43-51 and 2E43-51R).

Using the SmartSwitch 2000 User’s Guide 1-5

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Introduction

Chapter 6, FDDI Applications, describes the FDDI management windows available when you have an HSIM-F6 installed, including ConÞguration, Connection Policy, Station List, and Performance.

Chapter 7, ATM ConÞguration, describes how to conÞgure Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs) for the ATM interface(s) in the ATM Connections window which will be available if you have an HSIM-A6DP module installed in your device.

Chapter 8, HSIM-W87 ConÞguration, describes the T3, T1, and IP Priority conÞguration windows which will be available when an HSIM-W87 is installed.

We assume that you have a general working knowledge of Ethernet IEEE 802.3, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, FDDI, ATM, and WAN type data communication networks and their physical layer components, and that you are familiar with general bridging and switching concepts.

Related Manuals

The SmartSwitch 2000 UserÕs Guide is only part of a complete document set designed to provide comprehensive information about the features available to you through SPECTRUM Element Manager. Other guides which include important information related to managing the SmartSwitch 2000 include:

Cabletron SystemsÕ SPECTRUM Element Manager UserÕs Guide

Cabletron SystemsÕ SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide

Cabletron SystemsÕ SPECTRUM Element Manager Remote Administration Tools

UserÕs Guide

Cabletron SystemsÕ SPECTRUM Element Manager Remote Monitoring (RMON) UserÕs Guide

Cabletron SystemsÕ SPECTRUM Element Manager Alarm and Event Handling UserÕs Guide

Cabletron SystemsÕ Network Troubleshooting Guide

Microsoft CorporationÕs Microsoft Windows UserÕs Guide

For more information about the capabilities of the SmartSwitch 2000, consult the appropriate hardware documentation.

1-6 Related Manuals

Page 15

Software Conventions

The SPECTRUM Element Manager device user interface contains a number of elements which are common to most windows and which operate the same regardless of which window they appear in. A brief description of some of the most common elements appears below; note that the information provided here is not repeated in the descriptions of speciÞc windows and/or functions.

In accordance with Year 2000 compliance requirements, SPECTRUM Element Manager

NOTE

Using the Mouse

now displays and allows you to set all dates with four-digit year values.

This document assumes you are using a Windows-compatible mouse with two buttons; if you are using a three button mouse, you should ignore the operation of the middle button when following procedures in this document. Procedures within the SPECTRUM Element Manager document set refer to these buttons as follows:

Introduction

Left Mouse Button

Right Mouse Button

Figure 1-1. Mouse Buttons

For many mouse operations, this document assumes that the left (primary) mouse button is to be used, and references to activating a menu or button will not include instructions about which mouse button to use.

However, in instances in which right (secondary) mouse button functionality is available, instructions will explicitly refer to right mouse button usage. Also, in situations where you may be switching between mouse buttons in the same area or window, instructions may also explicitly refer to both left and right mouse buttons.

Software Conventions 1-7

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Introduction

Instructions to perform a mouse operation include the following terms:

¥ Pointing means to position the mouse cursor over an area without pressing

either mouse button.

¥ Clicking means to position the mouse pointer over the indicated target, then

press and release the appropriate mouse button. This is most commonly used to select or activate objects, such as menus or buttons.

¥ Double-clicking means to position the mouse pointer over the indicated

target, then press and release the mouse button two times in rapid succession. This is commonly used to activate an objectÕs default operation, such as opening a window from an icon. Note that there is a distinction made between Òclick twiceÓ and Òdouble-click,Ó since Òclick twiceÓ implies a slower motion.

¥ Pressing means to position the mouse pointer over the indicated target, then

press and hold the mouse button until the described action is completed. It is often a pre-cursor to Drag operations.

¥ Dragging means to move the mouse pointer across the screen while holding

the mouse button down. It is often used for drag-and-drop operations to copy information from one window of the screen into another, and to highlight editable text.

Common SmartSwitch 2000 Window Fields

Similar descriptive information is displayed in boxes at the top of most device-speciÞc windows in SPECTRUM Element Manager, as illustrated in

Figure 1-2, below.

1-8 Software Conventions

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Introduction

IP Address

Figure 1-2. Sample Window Showing Group Boxes

Device Name

Location

MAC Address

Device Name

Displays the user-deÞned name of the device. The device name can be changed via the System Group window; see the Generic SNMP UserÕs Guide for details.

IP Address

Displays the deviceÕs IP (Internet Protocol) Address; this will be the IP address used to deÞne the device icon. IP addresses are assigned via Local Management for the SmartSwitch 2000; they cannot be changed via SPECTRUM Element Manager.

Location

Displays the user-deÞned location of the device. The location is entered through the System Group window; see the Generic SNMP UserÕs Guide for details.

MAC Address

Displays the manufacturer-set MAC address of the interface SPECTRUM Element Manager is communicating through. This address is factory-set and cannot be altered.

Software Conventions 1-9

Page 18

Introduction

Informational Þelds describing the boards and/or ports being modeled are also displayed in most windows:

Board Number

Displays the number of the board. The SmartSwitch 2000 will always be Board 1.

Port Number

Displays the number of the monitored port.

Uptime

Displays the amount of time, in a X days hh:mm:ss format, that the SmartSwitch 2000 has been running since the last start-up.

Using Window Buttons

The Cancel button that appears at the bottom of most windows allows you to exit a window and terminate any unsaved changes you have made. You may also have to use this button to close a window after you have made any necessary changes and set them by clicking on an OK, Set, or Apply button.

An OK, Set, or Apply button appears in windows that have conÞgurable values; it allows you to conÞrm and SET changes you have made to those values. In some windows, you may have to use this button to conÞrm each individual set; in other windows, you can set several values at once and conÞrm the sets with one click on the button.

The Help button brings up a Help text box with information speciÞc to the current window. For more information concerning Help buttons, see Getting

Help, on page 1-10.

The command buttons, for example Bridge, call up a menu listing the windows, screens, or commands available for that topic.

Any menu topic followed by ... (three dots) Ñ for example Statistics... Ñ calls up a window or screen associated with that topic.

Getting Help

This section describes two different methods of getting help for questions or concerns you may have while using SPECTRUM Element Manager.

Using On-line Help

You can use the SmartSwitch 2000 window Help buttons to obtain information speciÞc to the device. When you click on a Help button, a window will appear which contains context-sensitive on-screen documentation that will assist you in

1-10 Getting Help

Page 19

the use of the windows and their associated command and menu options. Note that if a Help button is grayed out, on-line help has not yet been implemented for the associated window.

From the Help menu accessed from the Chassis View window menu bar, you can access on-line help speciÞc to the Chassis View window, as well as bring up the Chassis Manager window for reference. Refer to Chapter 2 for information on the Chassis View and Chassis Manager windows.

All of the online help windows use the standard Microsoft Windows help facility. If you

NOTE

are unfamiliar with this feature of Windows, you can select Help from the Windows Start menu, or Help Ñ>How to Use Help from the primary SPECTRUM Element

Manager window, or consult your Microsoft Windows product UserÕs Guide.

Accessing On-line Documentation

The complete suite of documents available for SPECTRUM Element Manager can be accessed via a menu option from the primary window menu bar: Help Ñ> Online Documents. If you chose to install the documentation when you installed SPECTRUM Element Manager, selecting this option will launch AdobeÕs Acrobat Reader and a menu Þle which provides links to all other available documents.

Introduction

If you have not yet installed the documentation, the Online Documents option will not

TIP

be able to access the menu Þle. In order to activate this option, you must run the setup.exe again to install the documentation component. See your Installation Guide for details.

Getting Help from the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center

If you need technical support related to SPECTRUM Element Manager, or if you have any questions, comments, or suggestions related to this manual or any of our products, please feel free to contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center via one of the following methods:

By phone: (603) 332-9400

24 hours a day, 365 days a year

By mail: Cabletron Systems, Inc.

PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03866-5005

By Internet mail: support@ctron.com

FTP: ftp.ctron.com (134.141.197.25)

Getting Help 1-11

Page 20

Introduction

By BBS: (603) 335-3358

Modem Setting 8N1: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, No parity

For additional information about Cabletron Systems products, visit our World Wide Web site: http://www.cabletron.com/. For technical support, select Service and Support.

SmartSwitch 2000 Firmware

SPECTRUM Element Manager support for the SmartSwitch 2000 device has been tested against the following Þrmware versions:

2E42-27 4.01.06

2E42-27R 04.00.08, 05.00.11

2E43-27 04.05.08

2E43-27R 04.05.06

2E43-51 04.05.09

2E43-51R 4.00.08A

2E48-27 4.01.00

2E48-27R 04.05.09

2E49-27 4.01.00

2E49-27R 4.01.00

2E49-27RDC 4.01.00

2E253-49R 02.00.17

2H22-08R 4.10.00

2H28-08R 3.03.06A

2H252-25R 03.00.00, 02.00.17

2H253-25R 02.00.17

2H258-17R 02.00.17

2M46-04R 3.03.10

2M46-04RDC 3.03.10

If you have an earlier version of Þrmware and experience problems running SPECTRUM Element Manager, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for upgrade information.

1-12 SmartSwitch 2000 Firmware

Page 21

NOTE

Introduction

As a general rule, Þrmware versions for new products are liable to change rapidly; contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for upgrade information for the latest customer release of Þrmware.

SmartSwitch 2000 Firmware 1-13

Page 22

Introduction

1-14 SmartSwitch 2000 Firmware

Page 23

Chapter 2

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Information displayed in the Chassis View window; the Chassis Manager window; Hub management functions

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View window is the main screen that immediately informs you of the graphical representation of your SmartSwitch 2000 via a color-coded display that breaks down its individual bridging ports. The default Logical View shows the SmartSwitch 2000 and the condition of individual ports on the board. The Chassis View window serves as a single point of access to all other SmartSwitch 2000 windows and screens, which are discussed at length in the following chapters.

To access the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View window, use one of the following options:

1. In any map, list, or tree view, double-click on the SmartSwitch 2000 you wish

to manage;

1. In any map, list, or tree view, click the left mouse button once to select the

SmartSwitch 2000 you wish to manage.

2. Select Manage—>Node from the primary window menu bar, or select the

Manage Node toolbar button.

1. In any map, list, or tree view, click the right mouse button once to select the

SmartSwitch 2000 you wish to manage.

2. On the resulting menu, click to select Manage.

2-1

Page 24

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

HSIMs that have their own IP address (HSIM-W6, HSIM-W84, and HSIM-SSA710/20)

NOTE

are accessed individually by selecting the HSIM you wish to manage and following the steps listed above. However, before you can access the device, you must add it to your central node database by inserting it in an existing List, Tree, or Map View, or by doing a Discover process (refer to your UserÕs Guide for more information). Once it has been added to your List, Tree, or Map view, you can access the HSIM from its individual icon.

Viewing Chassis Information

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View window (Figure 2-1) provides graphic representations of the SmartSwitch 2000, including a color-coded port display which immediately informs you of the current conÞguration and status of the switch and its ports.

Figure 2-1. The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View Window

By clicking in designated areas of the chassis graphical display (as detailed later in this chapter), or by using the menu bar at the top of the Chassis View window, you can access all of the menus that lead to more detailed device-, module-, and port-level windows.

When you move the mouse cursor over a management Òhot spotÓ the cursor icon will

TIP

change into a ÒhandÓ to indicate that clicking in the current location will bring up a management option.

2-2 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 25

Front Panel Information

The areas surrounding the device display area provide the following device information:

The Internet Protocol address assigned to the SmartSwitch 2000 appears in the title bar of the Chassis View window; this Þeld will display the IP address you have used to create the SmartSwitch 2000 icon. IP addresses are assigned via Local Management.

Connection Status

This color-coded area indicates the current state of communication between SPECTRUM Element Manager and the SmartSwitch 2000.

¥ Green indicates the SmartSwitch 2000 is responding to device polls (valid

connection).

¥ Magenta indicates that the SmartSwitch 2000 is in a temporary stand-by mode

while it responds to a physical change in the hub; note that board and port menus are inactive during this stand-by state.

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ Blue indicates an unknown contact status Ð polling has not yet been

established with the SmartSwitch 2000.

¥ Red indicates the SmartSwitch 2000 is not responding to device polls (device

is off line, or device polling has failed across the network for some other reason).

UpTime

The amount of time, in a X days hh:mm:ss format, that the SmartSwitch 2000 has been running since the last start-up.

Port Status

If management for your device supports a variable port display (detailed in Port

Status Displays, on page 2-11), this Þeld will show the display currently in effect.

If only a single port display is available Ñ or if the default view is in effect Ñ this Þeld will state Default.

MAC

The physical layer address assigned to the interface through which SPECTRUM Element Manager is communicating. MAC addresses are hard-coded in the device, and are not conÞgurable.

Boot Prom

The revision of BOOT PROM installed in the SmartSwitch 2000.

Firmware

The revision of device Þrmware stored in the SmartSwitch 2000Õs FLASH PROMs.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-3

Page 26

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Time

The current time, in a 24-hour hh:mm:ss format, set in the SmartSwitch 2000Õs internal clock.

Date

The current date, in an mm/dd/yyyy format, set in the SmartSwitch 2000Õs internal clock.

You can set the date and time by using the Edit Device Date and Edit Device Time

NOTE

options on the Device menu; see Setting the Device Date and Time, on page 2-75, for details.

In accordance with Year 2000 compliance requirements, SPECTRUM Element Manager

NOTE

now displays and allows you to set all dates with four-digit year values.

Menu Structure

By clicking on various areas of the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View display, you can access menus with device-, module-, and port-level options, as well as utility applications which apply to the device. The following illustration displays the menu structure and indicates how to use the mouse to access the various menus.

By default, the SmartSwitch 2000 performs traditional switching (or bridging).

NOTE

Depending on the version of Þrmware you have installed, the SmartSwitch 2000 can also be conÞgured to perform pre-standard 802.1Q VLAN switching or CabletronÕs SecureFast Switching. (Check your Þrmware release notes to see if your version of Þrmware supports these features).

For SmartSwitch 2000 devices that support 802.1Q VLANs or SecureFast Switching, the toggle from traditional bridging to 802.1Q or SecureFast Switching is performed via Local Management. Refer to your Local Management documentation for details.

When using SPECTRUM Element Manager to manage a device conÞgured for SecureFast Switching, no bridging-related windows or port status display options will be available. All other management options will be available.

2-4 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 27

Note that for the Device menu:

• The FDDI Statistics option will appear if you have an HSIM-F6 module installed.

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

• The ATM Connections option will appear if you have an HSIM-A6DP module installed.

• The VLAN option will appear if your device has been conﬁgured to operate in 802.1Q mode.

• The Priority Conﬁguration option will appear if your device supports

802.1P Dynamic Multicast Filtering/Priority Queuing.

• The UPS option will only appear if your COM port has been conﬁgured for use with an Uninterruptable Power Supply.

Note also that no bridge-related options will appear in any menu if the device is running in SecureFast Switching mode.

Figure 2-2. SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View Menu Structure

The Device Menu

From the Device Menu at the Chassis View window menu bar, you can access the following selections:

¥ Device Type displays a window containing a description of the device being

modeled. See Viewing Hardware Types, on page 2-18.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-5

Page 28

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ Device Find Source Address enables you to determine through which

interface a speciÞed MAC address is communicating by searching the 802.1d bridge Filtering database. Ethernet MicroLAN switches will also search the repeater Source Address Table (SAT). If the speciÞed MAC address is located, a list of interface(s) through which the given address is communicating will be displayed.

¥ Edit Device Time and Edit Device Date allow you to set the SmartSwitch

2000Õs internal clock. See Setting the Device Date and Time, on page 2-75.

¥ System Group allows you to manage the SmartSwitch 2000 via SNMP MIB II.

Refer to the Generic SNMP UserÕs Guide for further information.

¥ I/F Summary lets you view statistics (displayed both graphically and

numerically) for the trafÞc processed by each network interface on your SmartSwitch 2000. See Viewing I/F Summary Information, on page 2-20.

¥ V

LAN menu option will appear in the Device menu if your device is conÞgured to operate in 802.1Q mode. The windows launched via the VLAN option allow you to conÞgure and operate port-based VLANs on the device. See 802.1Q VLANs, on page 2-60, for details.

¥ Port Redirector allows you to redirect trafÞc from one or more interfaces to

another interface on your SmartSwitch 2000; see Redirecting TrafÞc on the

SmartSwitch 2000, on page 2-48.

NOTE

¥ System Resources displays current physical and logical system resources and

utilizations on your SmartSwitch 2000; see The System Resources Window, on page 2-58.

¥ Broadcast Suppression allows you to monitor broadcast trafÞc statistics on

each interface and set thresholds to limit broadcast trafÞc over your SmartSwitch 2000; see Broadcast Suppression, on page 2-72.

¥Priority ConÞguration allows you to establish priority packet forwarding for

the SmartSwitch 2000. For more information, see Priority ConÞguration, on

page 2-50.

The Priority ConÞguration menu option will only appear in the Device menu for devices that respond to any of SPECTRUM Element ManagerÕs queries to the following OIDs: ctPriorityExtPortStatus, ctPriorityExtMaxNumMACEntries, or ctPriorityExtNumPktTypeEntries. If your deviceÕs Þrmware does not respond to these queries, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for Þrmware upgrade information.

¥ Com Port ConÞguration allows you to administratively Enable or Disable and

set the function of the COM Port on your SmartSwitch 2000; see ConÞguring

the COM Port, on page 2-43.

2-6 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 29

NOTE

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ Broadcast Suppression allows you to set a threshold on the number of

broadcast packets issued from each port on the SmartSwitch 2000 when it is operating in traditional switch (bridge) mode. See Broadcast Suppression, on

page 2-72.

¥ FDDI Statistics menu option will appear if you have an HSIM-F6 installed in

your device. This launches a window which displays trafÞc-related statistics for each Station Management (SMT) entity present on an installed HSIM-F6. See Chapter 6, FDDI Applications, for more information.

¥ UPS, which brings up a window that allows you to conÞgure an

Uninterruptable Power Supply attached to your SmartSwitch 2000; see Using

an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS), on page 2-45, for details.

The UPS menu option will only be available when the COM Port is administratively set to UPS in the COM Port ConÞguration window.

NOTE

¥ Bridge Status opens a window that provides an overview of bridging

information for each port, and allows you to access all other bridge-related options. Refer to the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Find Source Address opens a window that allows you to search the 802.1d

Filtering Database of the SmartSwitch 2000 to determine which bridging interface a speciÞed source MAC address is communicating through. If the MAC address is found, the port display will ßash to indicate the correct bridge interface. Refer to Using Find Source Address Functions, on page 2-26, for more information.

¥ Exit closes the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View window.

If an HSIM-A6DP is installed in your SmartSwitch 2000, ATM Connections will be available as an additional Device menu selection. The ATM Connections window is described in Chapter 7, ATM ConÞguration.

The View Menu

The View menu lets you switch the front panel display between two graphical representations of the device:

¥ The Logical view provides the logical front panel display of the SmartSwitch

2000 device and its interfaces.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-7

Page 30

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ The Physical view provides a graphic representation of the front panel of your

SmartSwitch 2000 device, showing how its ports are arranged and what connector types are present. See The Chassis Physical View, on page 2-16.

The Port Status Menu

The Port Status menu allows you to select the status information that will be displayed in the port text boxes in the Chassis View window:

¥ Status allows you to select one of four status type displays: Bridge, Bridge

Mapping, Admin, or Operator.

¥ Load will display the portion of network load processed per polling interval

by each interface, expressed as a percentage of its theoretical maximum load (10, 100, 155.5, or 1000 Mbps).

¥ Errors allows you to display the number of errors detected per polling interval

by each interface, expressed as a percentage of the total number of valid packets processed by the interface.

¥ I/F Mapping will display the interface (if) index associated with each port on

your SmartSwitch 2000 device.

¥ I/F Speed will display the portÕs bandwidth: 10M (megabits) for Ethernet;

100M for Fast Ethernet; 155.5M for ATM; and 1G for Gigabit Ethernet.

¥ I/F Type will display the port type of each port on your SmartSwitch 2000,

e.g., Eth (ethernet-csmacd), ATM, or FDDI.

¥ VLAN Mapping will appear if your device has been conÞgured to operate in

802.1Q mode. It displays the VLAN ID number associated with each port on your SmartSwitch 2000.

For Ethernet MicroLAN Switches, the Port Status menu will contain the following options:

¥ Load will display the portion of network load processed by each port as a

percentage of the theoretical maximum load of the connected network segment (10, 100, 155.5, or 1000 Mbps).

¥ Port Assignment will display each portÕs repeater channel assignment (A-H).

¥ Status allows you to select one of three status type displays: Admin/Link,

Admin, or Link.

¥ Errors, and Frame Size allow you to display the percentage per port of the

speciÞc Error or Frame Size you select.

For more information on the port display options available via this menu, see Port

Status Displays, on page 2-11.

The Repeater Menu

If you are modeling an Ethernet MicroLAN Switch, the Repeater menu will appear, offering the following options for each repeater segment (A-H) on the device:

2-8 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 31

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ Statistics ¥ Timer Statistics ¥ Performance Graph ¥ Alarm Limits ¥ Trap Selection

Refer to Chapter 5, Managing Ethernet MicroLAN Switches, for information on these menu selections.

The FDDI Menu

If your SmartSwitch 2000 has an installed HSIM-F6, the FDDI menu will appear on the Chassis View menu bar, with the following options:

¥ ConÞguration ¥ Connection Policy ¥ Station List ¥ Performance ¥ Frame Translation

Refer to Chapter 6, FDDI Applications, for information on these menu selections.

The U

tilities Menu

The Utilities menu provides access to the MIB Tools utility, which provides direct access to the SmartSwitch 2000Õs MIB information, and to the RMON utility, a remote monitoring feature that is supported by many of Cabletron SystemsÕ intelligent devices. These selections are also available from the Utilities menu at the top of SPECTRUM Element ManagerÕs primary window. Refer to your SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for a thorough explanation of the MIB Tools and RMON utilities.

The Help Menu

The Help Menu has three selections:

¥ Mibs Supported brings up the Chassis Manager window, described in The

Chassis Manager Window, on page 2-17.

¥ Chassis Manager Help brings up a help window with information speciÞcally

related to using the Chassis Manager and Chassis View windows.

¥ About Chassis Manager brings up a version window for the Chassis Manager

application in use.

The Module Menu

The Module menu for the SmartSwitch 2000 device provides mostly bridging-related selections, many of which are also available from the Bridge Status window:

¥ Module Type brings up a window containing a description of the selected

board; see Viewing Hardware Types, on page 2-18.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-9

Page 32

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ Bridge Status opens a window that provides an overview of bridging

information for each port, and allows you to access all other bridge-related options. Refer to the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Broadcast Suppression allows you to set a threshold on the number of

broadcast packets issued from each port on the SmartSwitch 2000 device when it is operating in traditional switch (bridge) mode. See Broadcast Suppression, on page 2-72.

¥ Frame Translation will appear in the Module menu if your SmartSwitch 2000

has an installed HSIM-F6. Refer to Chapter 6, FDDI Applications, for information on this menu selection.

¥ Find Source Address opens a window that allows you to search the 802.1d

¥ Performance Graph visually displays performance between all bridging ports

on the SmartSwitch 2000; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Spanning Tree allows you to set bridge parameters when it is operating using

the Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) Ð the method that bridges use to decide the controlling (root) bridge when two or more bridges are in parallel; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ SmartTrunk invokes the SmartTrunk ConÞguration and Status Screen, which

enables you to group interfaces logically to achieve greater bandwidth between devices, if both devices support the SmartTrunk feature. There is no limit to the number of ports that can be included in a single Òtrunk,Ó nor is there a limit to the number of trunked ÒinstancesÓ that can be supported. Refer to the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Filtering Database allows you to monitor and manage bridge forwarding and

Þltering across each port of the SmartSwitch 2000; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Duplex Modes allows you to set Duplex Mode operation for standard

Ethernet interfaces on your SmartSwitch 2000; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Enable Bridge enables bridging across the entire SmartSwitch 2000.

¥ Disable Bridge disables bridging across the entire SmartSwitch 2000.

2-10 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 33

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

The Port Menus

The menu for bridging ports offers the following selections:

¥ Connection Type displays a text description of the connection type of the

selected interface. This menu option appears if the device supports the ctIfConnectionType OID. See Viewing Hardware Types, on page 2-18, for details.

¥ Description displays a text description of the selected port. See Viewing

Hardware Types, on page 2-18, for details.

¥ Performance Graph brings up windows that visually display bridging

performance at the selected port; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ Source Addressing brings up a window that displays the contents of the

SmartSwitch 2000Õs Filtering Database with respect to a selected port. This will display the source MAC addresses that have been detected by the port as it forwards data across the network; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ I/F Statistics launches a Statistics window, which displays interface statistics

for the port; see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

¥ ConÞguration launches the conÞguration window appropriate to the selected

port: for standard Ethernet and FDDI ports, the conÞguration window allows you to set the Duplex Mode; for Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports it allows you to conÞgure a number of different options, including auto-negotiation. See ConÞguring Ports, on page 2-30 for details.

¥ Alarm ConÞguration brings up windows that allow you to conÞgure alarms

and events for each available interface; see Chapter 3, Alarm ConÞguration for details.

¥ Statistics launches the highest level of statistics currently available for the

selected port. For standard Ethernet and Fast Ethernet ports, RMON statistics will be displayed if the RMON Default MIB component is active; if it has been disabled, MIB-II interface statistics will display. See Chapter 4, Statistics for more information.

¥ Enable/Disable administratively turns the selected port on or off; see

Enabling and Disabling Ports, on page 2-76, or the Bridging chapter in the

SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for more information.

Port Status Displays

When you open the Chassis View window, each port will display its Bridging state (deÞned below) by default, with the exception of Ethernet MicroLAN Switches, which will display their Admin/Link status (also deÞned below) by default; to change this status display, select one of the options on the Port Status menu, as described in the following sections.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-11

Page 34

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Selecting a Port Status View

To change the status view of your ports:

1. Click on Port Status on the menu bar at the top of the Chassis View window; a menu will appear.

2. Drag down (and to the right, if necessary) to select the status information you want to display. The port text boxes will display the appropriate status information.

Port status view options are:

Status

You can view four port status categories, as follows:

¥ Bridge Ñ FWD, DIS, LRN, LIS, BLK, BRK, UNK ¥ Bridge Mapping Ñ the physical interface associated with a bridge port ¥ Admin Ñ ON or OFF ¥ Operator Ñ ON or OFF

The Bridge and Bridge Mapping status modes will not be supported for devices which

NOTES

have been conÞgured for SecureFast switching.

Firmware versions 2.01.05 and above support the ability to select SecureFast switching; if you have a earlier version of Þrmware, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for upgrade information. The toggle from traditional bridging to SecureFast switching is performed via Local Management; see your Local Management documentation for details.

If you have selected the Bridge status mode, a port is considered:

¥ FWD (Forwarding) if the port is on-line and forwarding packets across the

SmartSwitch 2000 from one network segment to another.

¥ DIS (Disabled) if bridging at the port has been disabled by management; no

trafÞc can be received or forwarded on this port, including conÞguration information for the bridged topology.

¥ LRN (Learning) if the Forwarding database is being created, or the Spanning

Tree Algorithm is being executed because of a network topology change. The port is monitoring network trafÞc, and learning network addresses.

¥ LIS (Listening) if the port is not adding information to the Þltering database. It

is monitoring Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) trafÞc while preparing to move to the forwarding state.

¥ BLK (Blocking) if the port is on-line, but Þltering trafÞc from going across the

SmartSwitch 2000 from one network segment to another. Bridge topology information will be forwarded by the port.

¥ UNK (Unknown) if the interfaceÕs status cannot be determined.

2-12 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 35

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

If you have selected the Bridge Mapping status mode, the port display will alter to show the physical interface index (ifIndex) associated with each front panel bridge port. For the SmartSwitch 2000 devices, the front panel bridge interfaces will map directly to each interfaceÕs ifIndex.

If you have selected the Admin status mode, a port is considered:

¥ ON if the port is enabled by management and has a valid link.

¥ OFF if it has not been enabled or if it has been disabled through management

action.

If you have selected the Operator status mode, a port is considered:

¥ ON if the port is currently forwarding packets.

¥ OFF if the port is not currently forwarding packets.

Load

If you choose Load, the interface text boxes will display the percentage of network load processed by each port during the last polling interval. This percentage reßects the network load generated per polling interval by devices connected to the port compared to the theoretical maximum load (10, 100, 155.5, or 1000 Mbps) of the connected network.

NOTES

Errors

If you choose the Errors mode, the interface boxes will display the percentage of the total number of valid packets processed by each port during the last polling interval that were error packets. This percentage reßects the number of errors generated during the last polling interval by devices connected to that port compared to the total number of valid packets processed by the port.

In SPECTRUM Element Manager, the polling interval is set using the Options window, accessed via the ToolsÑ>Options option from the primary windowÕs menu bar. Refer to the SPECTRUM Element Manager UserÕs Guide for full information on setting device polling intervals.

I/F Mapping

If you choose the I/F Mapping mode, the interface boxes will display the interface number (ifIndex) associated with each port in the SmartSwitch 2000.

I/F Speed

If you choose the I/F Speed mode, the interface boxes will display the bandwidth of each individual port on the SmartSwitch 2000: 10M (megabits) for standard Ethernet; 100M for Fast Ethernet, 155.5 M for ATM; and 1.00 G for Gigabit Ethernet.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-13

Page 36

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

I/F Type

If you choose the I/F Type mode, the interface boxes will display the interface type of each port on the SmartSwitch 2000, e.g., Eth (ethernet-csmacd), ATM, or FDDI. Note that there is no type distinction between standard Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet.

Port status view options for an Ethernet MicroLAN Switch are:

Load

If you choose Load, the port text boxes will display the percentage of network load processed by each port during the last polling interval. This percentage reßects the network load generated by devices connected to the port compared to the theoretical maximum load (10, 100, 155.5, or 1000 Mbps) of the connected network.

Status

You can view three status categories for your ports which reßect six possible Admin/Link, Admin, or Link S

¥ Admin/Link Ñ ON, OFF, SEG (segmented), or NLK (not linked) ¥ Admin Ñ ON or OFF ¥ Link Ñ LNK (link), NLK (not linked), or N/A (not available)

tatus conditions:

If you have selected the Admin/Link status mode, a port is considered:

¥ ON if the port is enabled and has a valid link.

¥ OFF if it has not been enabled or if it has been disabled through management

action.

¥ SEG (segmented) if the port has been enabled by management and has a valid

connection, but has been segmented by the repeater because 33 consecutive collisions have occurred on the attached segment, or the collision detector was on for more than 2.4 µs.

¥ NLK (Not Linked) when the port is on, but there is no physical link to the port.

This Þeld is a combination of two status conditions: No Link and Port Administrative Status On.

If you have selected the Admin status mode, a port is considered:

¥ ON if the port is enabled.

¥ OFF if the port has been disabled by management.

Note that these conditions do not reßect link status.

If you have selected the Link status mode, a port is considered:

¥ LNK (Linked) when a valid link has been established between the port and the

device at the other end of the segment.

¥ NLK (Not Linked) when the port is on, but there is no physical link to the port

or the device at the other end of the portÕs segment is down.

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Page 37

NOTE

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

¥ N/A (not available) when SPECTRUM Element Manager cannot determine

the link status for the port.

Because BNC thin coax and AUI ports do not support the link feature, the displayed Admin/Link, Admin, and Link status conditions will not always follow the pattern described above:

Under Admin/Link status mode, BNC ports will display as ON if there is a valid connection and the port has been enabled; OFF if the port has been disabled; and SEG if the port has experienced 33 consecutive collisions or if there is no cable attached. An AUI port will display as ON if the port has been enabled (regardless of whether or not there is a valid connection), OFF if the port has been disabled, and SEG if the port has detected 33 consecutive collisions. Note that the Admin/Link status displays for BNC and AUI ports can be misleading in terms of troubleshooting; be sure to keep in mind that a BNC port displaying as segmented may only have had its cable disconnected, and an AUI port that appears to be on and linked may not have any cable attached.

Under Admin status mode, AUI and BNC ports will display as ON if the port has been enabled, and OFF if it has been disabled; as with other port types, these ON and OFF conditions indicate nothing about link status.

Under Link status mode, AUI and BNC port display boxes will display N/A, indicating that SPECTRUM Element Manager is unable to determine their link status.

Port Assignment

If you choose Port Assignment, each portÕs status box will display a letter which designates its current repeater channel assignment (A-H).

Errors or Frame Size

If you choose the Errors or Frame Size modes, additional menus offer the following options for each mode:

Errors Total Errors, Collisions, Alignment, CRC, Runts, Giants,

or OOW Collisions

Frame Size Runts, 64-127, 128-255, 256-511, 512-1023, 1024-1518, or

Giants

The port status boxes will display the percentage for each active port that represents what portion of that portÕs total trafÞc is of the speciÞc type (Errors or Frame Sizes) that you selected.

Select one of the Errors options to see what percentage of the total packets received by each active port during the last polling interval was of the error type you selected. This percentage reßects the number of errors generated by devices connected to that port in relation to the total number of packets processed by the port (errors Ö [errors + packets]).

Choose the Frame Size option to check on the sizes, in bytes, of frames passing through your ports. The percentages are calculated just like the Errors selection described above: the number given represents the number of packets of the

Viewing Chassis Information 2-15

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

selected size generated by devices connected to that port in relation to the total number of packets processed. Remember, these percentages are calculated based on the numbers of packets processed during one polling cycle.

Port Status Color Codes

The Port Status display options ÑBridge, Admin, and OperatorÑ incorporate color coding schemes. For the Admin and Operator Status display options, green = ON, red = OFF, and blue = N/A (not available). For the Bridge Status display option, green = forwarding, blue = disabled, magenta = learning and listening, orange = blocking, red = broken, and gray = unknown.

For all other Port Status selections Ñ Load, Errors, Bridge Mapping, I/F Mapping, I/F Speed, and I/F TypeÑ color codes will continue to reßect the most recently selected mode which incorporates its own color coding scheme.

For an Ethernet MicroLAN Switch, three of the port status display options Ñ Port Assignment, Port Type, and Status Ñ incorporate their own color coding schemes. For any of the Status display options Ñ Admin/Link, Admin, or Link Ñ green = ON/LNK, yellow = SEG/NLK, red = OFF, and blue = N/A (not available). For the Port Assignment display option, Channel A = magenta, Channel B = olive, Channel C = cyan, Channel D = yellow, Channel E = orange, Channel F = white, Channel G = green, Channel H = hot pink. For the Port Type display option, station ports will display as yellow; trunk ports will display as green.

For all other Ethernet MicroLAN Switch Port Status selections Ñ Load, Errors, and Frame Size Ñ color codes will continue to reßect the most recently selected mode which incorporates its own color coding scheme.

The Chassis Physical View

By default, the Chassis View window displays the Logical View of the SmartSwitch 2000 device. The Logical View provides port status information and access to device-, module-, and port-level menus, as described above. In addition to the default Logical View, however, the View menu available via the menu bar at the top of the Chassis View window allows you to display a Physical View of the device. The Physical View of the device provides a look at the actual face of the device. While the Physical View does not provide any port status information or access to device- or port-level menus, it serves as a useful tool for network managers who are physically remote from the SmartSwitch 2000 device they are managing and who need to see the arrangement of ports on the device face and the connector types supported.

To access the Physical View:

1. In the Chassis Vie w window, click on View in the men u bar to access the View menu.

2. Select Physical. The Chassis Physical View, Figure 2-3, will appear.

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Figure 2-3. The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis Physical View

The Chassis Manager Window

Like most networking devices, CabletronÕs devices draw their functionality from a collection of proprietary MIBs and IETF RFCs. In addition, CabletronÕs newer intelligent devices Ð like the SmartSwitch 2000 Ð organize their MIB data into a series of Òcomponents.Ó A MIB component is a logical grouping of MIB data, and each group controls a deÞned set of objects. For example, SmartSwitch 2000 bridging information is organized into its own component; more generic device and port information resides in the chassis component. Note, too, that there is no one-to-one correspondence between MIBs and MIB components; a single MIB component might contain objects from several different proprietary MIBs and RFCs.

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

The Chassis Manager window, Figure 2-4, is a read-only window that displays the MIBs and the MIB components Ñ and, therefore, the functionality Ñ supported by the currently monitored device.

To view the Chassis Manager window:

1. Click on Help on the menu bar at the top of the Chassis View window.

2. Select Mibs Supported.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-17

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

The MIBs which provide the SmartSwitch 2000’s functionality — both proprietary MIBs and IETF RFCs — are listed here.

MIB Components are listed here; remember, there’s no one-to-one correspondence between MIBs and MIB Components.

Figure 2-4. The Chassis Manager Window

Viewing Hardware Types

In addition to the graphical displays described above, menu options available at the device and module levels provide speciÞc information about the physical characteristics of the SmartSwitch 2000.

Device T ype

Choosing the Device Type option from the Device menu brings up a window that describes the management device being modeled:

Figure 2-5. Sample Device Type Windows

2-18 Viewing Chassis Information

Page 41

Module Type

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

From the Module menu on the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View window, you can view a description of the SmartSwitch 2000.

To view the Module type:

1. Click on the SmartSwitch 2000 module index. The Module Menu will appear.

2. Select Module Type . A Module Type text box will appear, describing the

SmartSwitch 2000.

Connection Type

Figure 2-6. Sample Module Type Windows

If your SmartSwitch 2000 supports the ctIfConnectionType OID, its Port menus will contain the Connection Type option. Selecting this option will display a window that describes the selected interfaceÕs connection type.

Figure 2-7. Sample Connection Type Windows

Viewing Chassis Information 2-19

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Interface Description

Choosing the Description option from the Port menu brings up a window that describes the selected interface.

Figure 2-8. Sample Interface Description Windows

Viewing I/F Summary Information

The I/F Summary menu option available from the Device menu lets you view statistics for the trafÞc processed by each network interface on your device. The window also provides access to a detailed statistics window that breaks down Transmit and Receive trafÞc for each interface.

To access the I/F Summary window:

1. From the Chassis View, click on the Device option from the menu bar.

2. Click again to select I/F Summary. The I/F Summary window, Figure 2-9, will appear.

Figure 2-9. The I/F Summary Window

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

The I/F Summary window provides a variety of descriptive information about each interface on your device, as well as statistics which display each interfaceÕs performance.

The following descriptive information is provided for each interface:

UpTime

The UpTime Þeld lists the amount of time, in a days, hh:mm:ss format, that the device has been running since the last start-up.

Index

The index value assigned to each interface on the device.

Type

The type of the interface, distinguished by the physical/link protocol(s) running immediately below the network layer.

Description

A text description of the interface.

Physical Status

Displays the current physical status Ñ or operational state Ñ of the interface: Online or Ofßine.

Logical Status

Displays the current logical status Ñ or administrative state Ñ of the interface: Up or Down.

Interface Performance Statistics/Bar Graphs

The statistical values (and, where available, the accompanying bar graphs) to the right of the interface description Þelds provide a quick summary of interface performance. You can select the statistical value you want to display and the units in which you want those values displayed by using the two menu Þelds directly above the interface display area, as follows:

1. In the right-most menu ﬁeld, click on the down arrow and select the unit in

which you wish to display the selected statistic: Load, Raw Counts, or Rate.

Bar graphs are only available when Load is the selected base unit; if you select Raw

NOTE

Counts or Rate, the Bar Graph column will be removed from the interface display.

2. Once you have selected the base unit, clic k on the down arro w in the left-most

ﬁeld to specify the statistic you’ d lik e to displa y. Note that the options a v ailab le from this menu will vary depending on the base unit you have selected.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-21

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

After you select a new display mode, the statistics (and graphs, where applicable) will refresh to reßect the current choice, as described below.

Raw Counts

The total count of network trafÞc received or transmitted on the indicated interface since device counters were last reset. Raw counts are provided for the following parameters:

In Octets Octets received on the interface, including framing

In Packets Packets (both unicast and non-unicast) received by the

In Discards Packets received by the device interface that were

In Errors Packets received by the device interface that contained

characters.

device interface and delivered to a higher-layer protocol.

discarded even though no errors prevented them from being delivered to a higher layer protocol (e.g., to free up buffer space in the device).

errors that prevented them from being delivered to a higher-layer protocol.

In Unknown Packets received by the device interface that were

discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol.

Out Octets Octets transmitted by the interface, including framing

characters.

Out Packets Packets transmitted, at the request of a higher level

protocol, by the device interface to a subnetwork address (both unicast and non-unicast).

Out Discards Outbound packets that were discarded by the device

interface even though no errors were detected that would prevent them from being transmitted. A possible reason for discard would be to free up buffer space in the device.

Out Errors Outbound packets that could not be transmitted by the

device interface because they contained errors.

Load

The number of bytes processed by the indicated interface during the last poll interval in comparison to the theoretical maximum load for that interface type. Load is further deÞned by the following parameters:

In Octets The number of bytes received by this interface, expressed

as a percentage of the theoretical maximum load.

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Out Octets The number of bytes transmitted by this interface,

When you select this option, a Bar Graph Þeld will be added to the interface display area; this Þeld is only available when Load is the selected base unit.

Rate

The count for the selected statistic during the last poll interval. The available parameters are the same as those provided for Raw Counts. Refer to the Raw Counts section, above, for a complete description of each parameter.

Viewing Interface Detail

The Interface Statistics window (Figure 2-10) provides detailed MIB-II interface statistical information Ñ including counts for both transmit and receive packets, and error and buffering information Ñ for each individual port interface. Color-coded pie charts also let you graphically view statistics for both received and transmitted Unicast, Multicast, Discarded, and Error packets.

To open the Interface Statistics window:

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum load.

1. In the I/F Summary window, click to select the interface for which you’d lik e to

view more detailed statistics.

2. Click on Detail. The appropriate I/F Statistics window, Figure 2-10, will

appear.

Figure 2-10. Detail Interface Statistics

Viewing Chassis Information 2-23

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

You can also access this information via the I/F Statistics option available on the

TIP

individual port menus; see Chapter 4, Statistics, for more information.

Three informational Þelds appear in the upper portion of the window:

Description

Displays the interface description for the currently selected interface.

Address

Displays the MAC (physical) address of the selected interface.

Type

Displays the interface type of the selected port.

The lower portion of the window provides the following transmit and receive statistics; note that the Þrst four statistics are also graphically displayed in the pie charts.

Unicast

Displays the number of packets transmitted to or received from this interface that had a single, unique destination address. These statistics are displayed in the pie chart, color-coded green.

Non-Unicast

Displays the number of packets transmitted to or received from this interface that had a destination address that is recognized by more than one device on the network segment. The multicast Þeld includes a count of broadcast packets Ñ those that are recognized by all devices on a segment. These statistics are displayed in the pie chart, color-coded dark blue.

Discarded

Displays the number of packets which were discarded even though they contained no errors that would prevent transmission. Good packets are typically discarded to free up buffer space when the network becomes very busy; if this is occurring routinely, it usually means that network trafÞc is overwhelming the device. To solve this problem, you may need to re-conÞgure your bridging parameters, or perhaps re-conÞgure your network to add additional bridges or switches. Consult the Cabletron Systems Network Troubleshooting Guide for more information.

These statistics are displayed in the pie chart, color-coded magenta.

Error

Displays the number of packets received or transmitted that contained errors. These statistics are displayed in the pie chart, color-coded red.

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Unknown Protocol

(Received only)

Displays the number of packets received which were discarded because they were created under an unknown or unsupported protocol.

Packets Received

(Received only)

Displays the number of packets received by the selected interface.

Transmit Queue Size

(Transmit only)

Displays the number of packets currently queued for transmission from this interface. The amount of device memory devoted to buffer space, and the trafÞc level on the target network, determine how large the output packet queue can grow before the SmartSwitch 2000 device will begin to discard packets.

Packets T ransmitted

(Transmit only)

Displays the number of packets transmitted by this interface.

Making Sense of Detail Statistics

The statistics available in this window can give you an idea of how an interface is performing; by using the statistics in a few simple calculations, itÕs also possible to get a sense of an interfaceÕs activity level:

To calculate the percentage of input errors:

NOTE

Received Errors /Packets Received

To calculate the percentage of output errors:

Transmitted Errors /Packets Transmitted

To calculate the total number of inbound and outbound discards:

Received Discards + Transmitted Discards

To calculate the percentage of inbound packets that were discarded:

Received Discards /Packets Received

To calculate the percentage of outbound packets that were discarded:

Transmit Discards /Packets Transmitted

Unlike the Interface Detail window, which this window replaces, the Interface Statistics window does not offer Disable or Test options. These options are available in the Interface Group window, which can be accessed via the System Group window (select System Group from the Device menu). Refer to your Generic SNMP UserÕs Guide for further information on the System Group and Interface Group windows.

Viewing Chassis Information 2-25

Page 48

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Using Find Source Address Functions

There are two methods of detecting the port through which a given MAC address is communicating: the Device Find Source Address window and the Find Source Address window.

Using the Device Find Source Address Option

When you select the Device Find Source Address option, the deviceÕs 802.1d Filtering database is searched for the speciÞed MAC address. If it is found, the Component Þeld will display the value ÒBridgeÓ indicating that the address was found on a bridging interface, and the Port Instance Þeld will display the index number assigned to the bridge port on which the address was located.

You may receive an error message stating ÒCanÕt Display Source AddressÓ if a Port

NOTE

Instance of Ò0Ó or Ò0.0Ó is reported. This value indicates that the MAC address is communicating through the backplane instead of through a front panel interface.

To open the Device Find Source Address window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar.

2. Click on Device Find Source Address. The Device Find Source Address window, as shown in Figure 2-11, will appear.

Figure 2-11. Device Find Source Address Window

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Page 49

NOTE

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

The Device Find Source Address window displays the following information:

Component

Displays the type of interface through which the speciÞed MAC address is communicating. This Þeld will report Bridge.

Port Instance

Displays the bridge port index number on which the speciÞed MAC address was found.

To use the Device Find Source Address window:

1. In the Address Mode ﬁeld, select the format of the Source Address you wish

to ﬁnd, either MAC or Canonical.

2. In the Enter Address text box, enter the Source Address you wish to ﬁnd in

the appropriate XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX format.

If you enter the MAC format of a speciÞed address, and then click on Canonical, SPECTRUM Element Manager will do the address conversion for you, from the Ethernet hexadecimal format to the Token Ring Canonical format. The same is also true if you enter the Canonical format of a speciÞed address and then select MAC.

3. Click on the Find It! button. A “Processing Request” message will appear in

the status bar at the bottom of the window.

If the speciÞed MAC address is located, a list of the interface(s) through which the given address is communicating will appear in the list box. A status message at the bottom of the window will display the number of interfaces through which the given MAC address is communicating.

If the speciÞed MAC address cannot be found, a ÒSource Address not foundÓ message will appear.

If the MAC address is entered in an incorrect format, an ÒInvalid MAC Address.

NOTE

Enter Valid MAC AddressÓ message will appear. Enter the address in the correct XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX hexadecimal format.

Using the Device Find Source Address Option on Ethernet MicroLAN Switches

When you select the Device Find Source Address option on an Ethernet MicroLAN Switch, a search is made of both the Source Address Table (SAT) and the 802.1d Filtering database to discover through which interface(s) a speciÞed

Using Find Source Address Functions 2-27

Page 50

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

source MAC address is communicating. If the MAC address is found, the interface types ÒBridgeÓ and ÒEnet #Ó will display in the Component Þeld with their associated port index number displayed in the Port Instance Þeld.

You may receive an error message stating ÒCanÕt Display Source AddressÓ if a Port

NOTE

Instance of Ò0Ó or Ò0.0Ó is reported while using the Device Find Source Address feature. This value indicates that the MAC address is communicating through the backplane instead of through a front panel interface.

To open the Device Find Source Address window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar.

2. Click to select Device Find Source Address. The Device Find Source Address window, as shown in Figure 2-11, will appear.

Figure 2-12. Device Find Source Address Window

The Device Find Source Address window displays the following information:

Component

Displays the type of interface through which the speciÞed MAC address is communicating. This Þeld will display Bridge and Enet #, indicating that the speciÞed MAC address was found on a bridging interface and on an Ethernet repeater channel.

Port Instance

Displays the port index number associated with the interface on which the speciÞed MAC address was found. For an address found on a bridging interface, this Þeld displays the bridge interface index number on which the speciÞed MAC

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NOTE

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

address was found. For an address found on a repeater port, this Þeld displays the board (port group) number and the port index number on which the speciÞed MAC address was found. The board and port index numbers are separated by a period; for example, a Port Instance of 1.2 refers to board (port group) 1 and port number 2.

To use the Device Find Source Address window:

1. In the Address Mode ﬁeld, select the format of the Source Address you wish

to ﬁnd, either MAC or Canonical.

2. In the Enter Address text box, enter the Source Address you wish to ﬁnd in

the appropriate XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX format.

3. Click on the Find It! button. A “Processing Request” message will appear in

the status bar at the bottom of the window.

If the speciÞed MAC address cannot be found, a ÒSource Address not foundÓ message will appear.

If the MAC address is entered in an incorrect format, an ÒInvalid MAC Address.

NOTE

Enter Valid MAC AddressÓ message will appear. Enter the address in the correct XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX hexadecimal format.

Using the Find Source Address Feature

When you select the Find Source Address option, a search is made of the 802.1d Filtering database to discover the bridge interface associated with the address that you speciÞed. If the search is successful, the corresponding interface will ßash in the Device View port status display.

To open the Find Source Address window:

1. Click on Device from the Chassis View menu bar.

2. Click on Find Source Address; the Find Source Address window, as shown

in Figure 2-13, will appear.

Using Find Source Address Functions 2-29

Page 52

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Figure 2-13. The Find Source Address Window

To use the Find Source Address window:

1. Enter the address you wish to ﬁnd in a hex XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX format.

2. Click OK.

If the speciÞed MAC address is located, the port through which the address is communicating will ßash in the port status display.

If the speciÞed MAC address is not located, a ÒCanÕt Find Source AddressÓ message will appear.

If the MAC address is entered in an incorrect format, an ÒInvalid Ethernet AddressÓ

NOTE

message will appear. Enter the address in the correct XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX hexadecimal format.

Managing the Hub

In addition to the performance and conÞguration information described in the preceding sections, the Chassis View also provides you with the tools you need to conÞgure your device and keep it operating properly. Hub management functions include setting operating parameters for Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and COM ports; redirecting trafÞc; viewing system resources; performing 802.1Q VLAN conÞguration; setting broadcast suppression; conÞguring port priority; setting device date and time; and enabling and disabling ports.

Conﬁguring Ports

The ConÞguration options available for FDDI, Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and COM ports allow you to conÞgure operating parameters speciÞc to each port type: for FDDI and standard Ethernet ports, you can set the Duplex Mode; for Fast Ethernet ports on Þrst generation devices, you can set a variety of

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Page 53

duplex mode and negotiation parameters; for Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports on second generation devices you can set speed, duplex mode, and ßow control parameters; and for COM ports, you can select the operation you wish the port to perform, and set any associated speed parameters. FDDI, Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet Port ConÞguration windows are available from the Chassis View Port menus (except on Ethernet MicroLAN Switches where they are available from the Bridge Port menu); the COM Port option is available from the Device menu.

Conﬁguring Standard Ethernet and FDDI Ports

The Port ConÞguration window available for both standard Ethernet and FDDI ports allows you to set an interface to either Standard or Full Duplex Mode. Full Duplex mode effectively doubles the available wire speed by allowing the interface to both receive and transmit simultaneously. This window will also display the mode currently in effect on the selected interface.

To access the Port ConÞguration Window:

1. From the Chassis View, click to select the port you wish to conﬁgure; the Port

Menu will display.

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

2. Click on Conﬁguration. The Port Conﬁguration window, Figure 2-14, will

appear.

To access the Port ConÞguration window on SmartSwitch 2000 Ethernet MicroLAN Switches:

1. From the Chassis View, click on De vice in the menu bar to access the Device

menu.

2. Click on Bridge Status. In the resulting window click on the Bridge Port

button (e.g., ) to access the Bridge Port menu.

3. Click on Conﬁguration. The Port Conﬁguration window, Figure 2-14, will

appear.

Figure 2-14. The Port ConÞguration Window

Managing the Hub 2-31

Page 54

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Note that, if you select the ConÞguration option available for a Fast Ethernet interface,

TIP

an entirely different window will appear; see ConÞguring Fast Ethernet Ports on First

Generation Devices, on page 2-33, or ConÞguring Ethernet Ports on Second Generation Devices, on page 2-38, for information on conÞguring these ports.

For standard Ethernet interfaces, Full Duplex should only be enabled on an interface that

WARNING

has a connection to a single destination address at the other end of the connection (i.e., it is not a segment with an attached repeater cascading the connection to multiple destination addresses).

Full Duplex mode disables the collision detection circuitry at the interface, so that both Transmit and Receive wires can be used simultaneously. With a single destination address at the other end of the connection (for example, if the connection was to a full duplex interface on another switching device, or if a single Þle server was connected to the full duplex switch port), this essentially doubles the available bandwidth from 10 Mbit/sec to 20 Mbit/sec. Note that the interface at the other end of the connection must also have Full Duplex enabled at the attached interface.

Full Duplex mode must be disabled if the interface is communicating with multiple destinations simultaneously (i.e., if a repeater is cascaded from the interface), since Ethernet relies on Collision Sense for proper operation.

Similarly, an FDDI Full Duplex connection must also only be run point-to-point between two supporting FDDI interfaces (e.g., another HSIM-F6), since the dual bandwidth is attained by running data on both primary and secondary paths simultaneously. Since Full Duplex overrides standard FDDI protocol (and eliminates ring redundancy), it will not operate in a ÒringÓ conÞguration, but only as a point-to-point high speed data trunk between hubs. Note that you must use Local Management to conÞgure your HSIM-F6 for Full Duplex operation prior to making physical connections. Refer to your Local Management Guide for more information.

Use the options in this window to select the desired mode:

Standard Mode

In Standard Mode, an interface can only either transmit or receive at any given time, and must wait for one activity to be completed before switching to the next activity (receive or transmit). In this mode, standard wire speeds (10 Mbps for Ethernet, 100 Mbps for FDDI) are available.

Full Duplex

In Full Duplex Mode, an interface can both receive and transmit packets at the same time, effectively doubling the available wire speed to 20 Mbps (for Ethernet) or 200 Mbps (for FDDI).

Be sure to click on the Apply button to set your changes; note that the interfaceÕs current mode can be determined by the Þeld selected in the window.

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Conﬁguring Fast Ethernet Ports on First Generation Devices

The SmartSwitch 2000 has two front panel slots (Ports 25 and 26) for Fast Ethernet Interface Modules: the FE100-TX and FE100-FX. If you have any Fast Ethernet Interface Modules installed in the front panel slots of your Þrst generation SmartSwitch 2000 device, the Fast Ethernet ConÞguration window available for those ports allows you to both view and set that portÕs available modes. All 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet ports can be conÞgured to operate in either standard Ethernet (10 Mbps) or Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) mode, and in each mode can be conÞgured to operate in Full Duplex, effectively doubling the available wire speed (from 10 to 20 Mbps in standard Ethernet mode, or from 100 to 200 Mbps in Fast Ethernet mode); 100Base-FX (Þber) ports can be conÞgured to operate in their standard 100 Mbps mode, or in full duplex mode. This window also displays the mode currently in effect on the selected interface, and provides some information (where it is available) about the interfaceÕs link partner.

To access the Fast Ethernet ConÞguration Window:

1. From the Chassis View, click to select the Fast Ethernet port you wish to

conﬁgure; the Port Menu will display.

2. Click on Conﬁguration. The Fast Ethernet Conﬁguration window,

Figure 2-15, will appear.

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

To access the Fast Ethernet ConÞguration window on SmartSwitch 2000 Ethernet MicroLAN Switches:

1. From the Chassis View, click on De vice in the menu bar to access the Device

menu.

2. Click on Bridge Status. In the resulting window click on the Bridge Port

button (e.g., ) to access the Bridge Port menu.

3. Click on Conﬁguration. The Fast Ethernet Conﬁguration window,

Figure 2-15, will appear.

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

NOTE

TIP

Figure 2-15. The Fast Ethernet Port ConÞguration Window

Auto-Negotiation is not supported by the FE-100FX Fast Ethernet port interface module. If you launch the window for a port module slot which has no FE module installed, the Port Type will display as Unknown, the Link State will display No Link, and the rest of the Þelds will be blank and/or grayed out.

If you select the ConÞguration option available for a standard Ethernet or FDDI interface, or for an Ethernet port on a second generation device, an entirely different window will appear; see ConÞguring Standard Ethernet and FDDI Ports, on page 2-31, or

ConÞguring Ethernet Ports on Second Generation Devices, page 2-38, for

information on conÞguring these ports.

From this window you can manually set the operational mode of the port, or Ñ for 100Base-TX interfaces Ñ set the port to auto negotiation so that the appropriate operational mode can be determined automatically. The mode you set will determine the speed of the port and whether it uses Full Duplex or Standard Mode bridging.

The following information about the selected Fast Ethernet port is displayed:

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Port T ype

Displays the portÕs type: FE-100TX (for the FE-100TX Fast Ethernet port module), FE-100FX (for the FE-100FX Fast Ethernet port module), or Unknown (for a port slot with no module installed).

Link State

Displays the current connection status of the selected port: Link or No Link.

Current Operational Mode

Indicates which of the available operational modes is currently in effect: 10Base-T, 10Base-T Full Duplex, 100Base-TX, 100Base-TX Full Duplex, 100Base-FX, or 100Base-FX Full Duplex. If the port is still initializing, not linked, or if there is no port module installed in the slot, this Þeld will remain blank.

Desired Operational Mode

Displays the operational mode that you have selected for this port, and allows you to change that selection. The following operational modes are available for each port:

100Base-TX Auto Negotiation, 10Base-T, 10BASE-T Full Duplex,

100Base-TX, and 100Base-TX Full Duplex.

CAUTION

100Base-FX 100Base-FX and 100Base-FX Full Duplex

If you choose to select a speciÞc mode of operation (rather than auto-negotiation), you should be sure that the link partner supports the same mode. Otherwise, no link will be achieved.

If you select a Full Duplex mode and the link partner supports the same wire speed but not Full Duplex, a link will be achieved, but it will be unstable and will behave erratically.

If you select Auto-Negotiation, the local node will try to match the mode of the link partner, even if the link partner is not set to auto-negotiate, and even if the local node must use a mode which it is not currently advertising.

Note that if Auto Negotiation is the selected mode, the Current Operational Mode Þeld will indicate which mode was selected by the link partners.

See Setting the Desired Operational Mode, on page 2-36, for more information.

Advertised Abilities

For 100Base-TX ports which have been conÞgured to operate in Auto Negotiation mode, this Þeld allows you to select which of the operational modes available to the port can be selected by the negotiating link partners. During Auto Negotiation, each of the link partners will advertise all selected modes in descending bandwidth order: 100Base-TX Full Duplex, 100Base-TX, 10Base-T Full Duplex, and 10Base-T. Of the selected abilities, the highest mode mutually available will automatically be used. If there is no mode mutually advertised, no link will be achieved.

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If you have selected a speciÞc operational mode for your 100Base-TX port, the Advertised Abilities do not apply; the selected Advertised Abilities also do not restrict the local nodeÕs ability to set up a link with a partner who is not currently Auto-Negotiating.

Auto-Negotiation is not currently supported for 100Base-FX ports.

NOTE

Remote Capabilities

When the local node is set to Auto-Negotiation, this Þeld will display the advertised abilities of the remote link Ñ even if the remote link is not currently set to auto-negotiate. Possible values for this Þeld are:

¥ 100Base-TX Full Duplex

¥ 100Base-TX

¥ 10Base-T Full Duplex

TIP

¥ 10Base-T

¥ Link Partner does not support auto negotiation Ñ auto negotiation is either

not supported by or is not currently selected on the remote port.

¥ Unknown Ñ the link partnerÕs capabilities could not be determined.

When the local node is not set to Auto-Negotiation, this Þeld will be grayed out, even if the link partner is set to Auto-Negotiation and is advertising abilities.

Setting the Desired Operational Mode

For any 100Base-TX port, you can speciÞcally choose any one of the four available operational modes, or you can select Auto-Negotiation mode, which allows the port to negotiate with its link partner to Þnd the highest mutually available bandwidth. If you select Auto Negotiation mode, you must also choose which of the portÕs bandwidth capabilities you wish to advertise to the link partner.

If you select Auto-Negotiation at both ends of a link, be sure at least one mutually-advertised operational mode is available.

For a 100Base-FX port, the selection process is somewhat simpler; Auto Negotiation for these ports is not supported at this time, so you need only choose between 100Base-FX standard mode and 100Base-FX Full Duplex. However, you must still be sure that both link partners are set to the same operational mode, or the link will be unstable.

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To set your desired operational mode:

1. Click on the Desired Operational Mode combo box to display the menu of

available options; click to select the operational mode you wish to set.

For 100Base-TX ports, the available options are:

10Base-T — 10 Mbps connection, Standard Mode 10Base-T Full Duplex — 10 Mbps connection, Duplex Mode 100Base-TX — 100 Mbps connection, Standard Mode 100Base-TX Full Duplex — 100 Mbps connection, Duplex Mode Auto Negotiation — the operational mode will be dynamically set based on

the modes selected in the Advertised Abilities ﬁeld (where both link partners are auto-negotiating) and the speeds and modes supported by the attached device.

For 100Base-FX ports, options are:

100Base-FX — 100 Mbps connection, Standard Mode

TIP

100Base-FX Full Duplex — 100 Mbps connection, Duplex Mode

2. If you have selected Auto Negotiation (for 100Base-TX ports only), use the

Advertised Abilities ﬁeld to select the operational capabilities you wish to advertise to the port’s link partner. If both link partners will be auto-negotiating, be sure there is at least one mutually-advertised operational mode, or no link will be achieved.

The selected Advertised Abilities only come into play when both link partners are auto-negotiating; if only one link partner is set to auto-negotiate, that node will establish a link at whatever mode its partner is set to, even if that mode is not currently being advertised.

3. Click on the Apply button to save your changes. Click on the Refresh button

to display the new settings. Note that it may take a few minutes for mode changes to be completely initialized, particularly if the link partners must negotiate or re-negotiate the mode; y ou may need to refresh the windo w a f ew times before current operational data is displayed.

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Conﬁguring Ethernet Ports on Second Generation Devices

The Ethernet ConÞguration window available for Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports on second generation devices (e.g., 2H252-25R and 2H258-17R) allows you to both view and set those portsÕ available speed, modes, and ßow control. All second generation devices support the ctEthernetParameters MIB. All Ethernet ports that return at least one instance for a query of the ctEtherSupportedDuplex OID will use the Ethernet ConÞguration window as shown in Figure 2-16.

All 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet ports can be conÞgured to operate in either standard Ethernet (10 Mbps) or Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) mode, and each mode can be conÞgured to operate in Full Duplex effectively doubling the available wire speed (from 10 to 20 Mbps in standard Ethernet mode, or from 100 to 200 Mbps in Fast Ethernet mode). 100Base-FX (Þber) ports can be conÞgured to operate in their standard 100 Mbps mode, or in Full Duplex mode. 1000Base-SX/LX/CX Gigabit Ethernet ports are always conÞgured to operate in 1000 Mbps, Full Duplex mode.

This window displays the mode currently in effect on the selected interface, and provides some information (where it is available) about the interfaceÕs link partner.

To access the Ethernet ConÞguration Window:

1. From the Chassis View, click to select the port you wish to conﬁgure; the Port Menu will display.

2. Click on Conﬁguration. The Ethernet Conﬁguration window, Figure 2-15, will appear.

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TIP

Figure 2-16. The Ethernet ConÞguration Window

If you select the ConÞguration option available for a standard Ethernet or FDDI interface or for a Fast Ethernet port on a Þrst generation device, an entirely different window will appear; see ConÞguring Standard Ethernet and FDDI Ports, page 2-31, or

ConÞguring Fast Ethernet Ports on First Generation Devices, page 2-33, for

information on conÞguring these ports.

From this window you can manually set the operational mode of the port, or Ñ for 100Base-TX and 1000Base-SX/LX/CX interfaces Ñ set the port to Auto Negotiate so that the appropriate operational mode can be determined automatically. The mode you set will determine the portÕs speed, duplex mode, and ßow control.

The window displays the following information about the selected Ethernet port:

Port T ype

Displays the portÕs type: 100Base-TX RJ-45or RJ71 (for built-in Fast Ethernet ports and the FE-100TX Fast Ethernet port module), 100Base-FX MMF SC Connector

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(for the FE-100FX Fast Ethernet port module), 1000Base-SX/LX/CX (for the VHSIM-G6 Gigabit Ethernet port module), or Unknown (for a port slot with no module installed).

Link State

Displays the current connection status of the selected port: Link or No Link.

Remote Auto Signal

Indicates whether the operating mode at the remote end of the link is set to Auto Negotiate.

Auto Negotiate Conﬁg

Indicates whether Auto Negotiate signalling is in progress or has completed. Possible values for this Þeld are: conÞguring, complete, disabled, parallel detect failed, or other.

Auto Negotiate Mode

Use this Þeld to enable or disable Auto Negotiate for the port. If Auto Negotiate is disabled, the port will use the speed, duplex mode, and ßow control settings speciÞed in the Operational Mode Þelds. Note that 100-BaseFX ports do not support Auto Negotiation; they must use the control settings speciÞed in the Operational Mode Þelds.

CAUTION

Operational Mode Fields

If the port is not set to Auto Negotiate then the settings in the Operational Mode Þelds are used.

If you choose to select a speciÞc mode of operation (rather than auto negotiation), you should be sure that the link partner supports the same mode. Otherwise, no link will be achieved.

For example, if you select Full Duplex mode and the link partner supports the same wire speed but not Full Duplex, a link will be achieved, but it will be unstable and will behave erratically.

The Current Operational Mode settings indicate which of the available operational modes is currently in effect. If Auto Negotiate is the selected mode, the Current Operational Mode Þelds will indicate which mode was selected by the link partner.

The Desired Operational Mode settings display the operational mode that is currently selected for this port, and allows you to change the selection.

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The following operational modes can be speciÞed:

Speed

This Þeld speciÞes a port speed of 10MB, 100MB, or 1000MB.

Duplex

This Þeld speciÞes Half Duplex or Full Duplex mode for the port.

Flow Control

Flow control allows Ethernet devices to notify attached devices that congestion is occurring and that the sending device should stop transmitting until the congestion can be cleared. There are two commonly used methods of ßow control: Frame-based (operates on Full Duplex links) and Backpressure (operates on Half Duplex links).

Ports set to Full Duplex mode have frame-based ßow control, using pause control frames. Frame-based ßow control options are:

Symmetric The port is able to both receive and transmit pause control

frames.

Asymmetric RX This option appears only for Gigabit Ethernet ports. The port

will receive pause control frames, but will not transmit its own.

Asymmetric TX This option appears only for Gigabit Ethernet ports. The port is

capable of sending pause control frames, but will not acknowledge received pause control frames.

Disabled Disables ßow control on the port.

Auto Negotiate Ports conÞgured to operate in auto negotiation mode will only

use pause control frames if the negotiation process determines that the link partner supports them. Both ends of the link must support auto negotiation and a common mode of operation.

Ports set to Half Duplex mode use Backpressure ßow control. Backpressure ßow control simply asserts the carrier sense signal out the port causing the device transmitting to detect a collision, stop transmitting data, and send the jam signal. Backpressure ßow control options are enabled or disabled.

Setting the Desired Operational Mode

For any 100Base-TX port, you can conÞgure operational modes, or you can select Auto Negotiate mode, which allows the port to negotiate with its link partner to Þnd the highest mutually available bandwidth and ßow control. If you select Auto Negotiate mode, you must also choose which of the portÕs bandwidth and ßow control capabilities you wish to advertise to the link partner (refer to Auto

Negotiation Technologies, page 2-42).

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100Base-FX ports do not support auto negotiation for bandwidth or ßow control capability, so you must choose between 100Base-FX Half Duplex and 100Base-FX Full Duplex mode, and set the ßow control option. However, you must still be sure that both link partners are set to the same operational mode, or the link will be unstable.

For 1000Base-SX/LX/CX ports the speed and duplex modes are always conÞgured at 1000MB Full Duplex. However, you can select Auto Negotiate mode, which allows the port to negotiate with its link partner to Þnd the highest mutually available bandwidth and ßow control. If you select Auto Negotiate mode, you must also choose which of the portÕs bandwidth and ßow control capabilities you wish to advertise to the link partner (refer to Auto Negotiation

Technologies, page 2-42).

To set your desired operational mode:

1. Click on the Speed, Duplex, or Flow Control list box to display the menu of available options; click to select the operational mode you wish to set.

If the port you are conÞguring does not support Flow Control, the Current Mode Þeld will

NOTE

display Ònot supportedÓ and the Desired Mode list box will be disabled.

TIP

2. Click on the Apply button to save your changes.

Auto Negotiation Technologies

For ports which have been conÞgured to operate in Auto Negotiate mode, this list box allows you to select which of the operational modes available to the port will be advertised to the negotiating link partner.

During Auto Negotiation, each of the link partners will advertise all selected modes. Of the selected modes, the highest mode mutually available will automatically be used. If there is no mode mutually advertised, no link will be achieved.

If you select Auto-Negotiation at both ends of a link, be sure at least one mutually-advertised operational mode is available.

If you have manually conÞgured speciÞc operational modes for your 100Base-TX port or if you are conÞguring a 100Base-FX port, the Auto Negotiation Technologies list box does not apply.

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The Auto Negotiation Technologies list box has the following column headings:

Advertised

This column speciÞes whether the operational mode listed in the far right column of the list box will be advertised to the link partner. Only those operational modes supported by the local port (those with a ÒyesÓ listed in the Local column) can be advertised. Valid values are Enabled (the mode is supported and will be advertised), Disabled (the mode is supported but will not be advertised), and Ò---Ó (the mode is not supported).

Local

Indicates whether the operational mode listed in the far right column of the list box is supported by the local port.

Remote

Indicates whether the operational mode listed in the far right column of the list box is supported by the remote port.

Auto Negotiate Technology

This column lists possible operational modes.

Setting Advertised Abilities for Auto Negotiation

You can determine which operational mode supported by the local port will be advertised to the negotiating link partner. Of the advertised modes, the highest mode mutually available will automatically be used.

To advertise an operational mode:

1. In the list box, click on the operational mode of choice.

If the Advertised column had a value of Enabled, it will change to Disabled; a value of Disabled will change to Enabled. If the Advertised column has a value of “---”, then the value is not changed.

2. Click on the Apply button to save your changes. Click on the Refresh button

Conﬁguring the COM Port

You can use the COM Port ConÞguration window (Figure 2-17) to specify the functions that will be performed by the RS232 COM port on the SmartSwitch 2000 front panel. To do so:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

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2. Click on Com Port Conﬁguration, and then select Port 1, and release. The Com Port Conﬁguration window, Figure 2-17, will appear.

Figure 2-17. The Com Port ConÞguration Window

You can use the Com Port ConÞguration window to set the following operating parameters:

Com Port Admin

Use this Þeld to administratively enable or disable the COM port.

Com Port Function

Use this Þeld to select the function for which you wish to use the COM port:

LM Local Management: select this option if you wish to connect a

terminal to the selected COM port from which to run Local Management.

UPS Select this option if you wish to connect an uninterruptable

power supply (UPS) to the selected COM Port. Note that if you select this option, an additional option Ñ UPS Ñ will appear on the Device menu; use the resulting window to conÞgure speciÞc UPS settings.

SLIP Select this option to use the selected COM port as a SLIP

connection for out-of-band SNMP management via direct connection to a serial port on your network management workstation. Note that when you conÞgure the port as a SLIP connection, you must select the desired baud rate in the Speed Selection Þeld described below.

PPP Select this option to use the selected COM port as a PPP

connection for out-of-band SNMP management via direct connection to a serial port on your network management

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NOTE

TIP

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

workstation. Note that when you conÞgure the port as a PPP connection, you must select the desired baud rate in the Speed Selection Þeld described below.

Current SmartSwitch 2000 Þrmware versions support only Local Management and UPS via the COM port; future versions will add SLIP and PPP support.

Speed Selection

If you have conÞgured the selected port as a SLIP or PPP connection, you must select the appropriate baud rate: 2400, 4800, 9600, or 19,200. Note that this Þeld will default to Auto-Baud and become unselectable when the Com Port Function is set to LM or UPS.

If the COM port you wish to conÞgure is currently set to LM or UPS, the Speed Selection Þeld will be unavailable until the Com Port Function is set to SLIP or PPP and that change is applied. Once available, the Speed Selection Þeld will default to the last known speed setting; use the down arrow to change this setting if necessary, then click the Apply button again to complete the conÞguration.

To change the conÞguration of the selected COM port:

1. Click on to the right of each ﬁeld.

2. Click to select the desired setting.

3. Click on the Apply button to save your changes.

Using an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS)

Your SmartSwitch 2000 supports the use of a UPS (uninterruptable power supply) through the COM 1 port. (For more information on the use of a UPS with the SmartSwitch 2000, consult the SmartSwitch 2000 Installation Manual that was included when you purchased the unit.) You can view or change the status of the UPS connected to your SmartSwitch 2000 at the UPS window.

Please note that the UPS menu option will only be available when you have set the Com Port Function to UPS in the COM Port ConÞguration, and the UPS window will only be active if you currently have a UPS attached to your SmartSwitch 2000 through the appropriate port, and you have correctly set the Set UPS ID Þeld.

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Do not set the Set UPS ID Þeld unless you have a UPS attached to the

CAUTION

SmartSwitch 2000, or you will disrupt your use of SPECTRUM Element Manager.

Accessing the UPS Window

At the UPS window, you can conÞgure the UPS ID model type for the uninterruptable power supply you have attached to the COM port on your SmartSwitch 2000.

You can also view information concerning the UPS connected to your SmartSwitch 2000 including:

¥ The amount of time that your UPS has been running since the last start-up

¥ The line voltage and battery output

¥ The actual battery capacity of the UPS (dynamic bar graph)

You can also use a button at the bottom of the window to disconnect your UPS, or you can use the Test option to initiate a self test of the unit.

To access the UPS window:

1. From the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View window, click on Device in the menu bar to access the Device menu.

2. Select UPS. The UPS window, Figure 2-18, will appear.

Figure 2-18. The UPS Window

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UPS ID

Displays the manufacturer and model typecode of the UPS attached to the COM port of the SmartSwitch 2000. You must assign this typecode for the UPS window to be active. (See Setting the UPS ID, on page 2-48, for instructions for setting the typecode for your UPS.) The valid typecodes are:

¥ Model 370 ¥ Model 400 ¥ Model 600 ¥ Model 900 ¥ Model 1250 ¥ Model 2000 ¥ Matrix 3000 ¥ Matrix 5000 ¥ SU 700 ¥ SU 1400 ¥ SU 2000XL ¥ Other

UPS Uptime

Displays the number of hours that the UPS has been operating since the last time it was started up.

Line V oltage

Displays the voltage coming through the line attached to the SmartSwitch 2000.

Battery Output

Displays the amount of battery output voltage.

Battery Capacity

Displays the percentage of remaining battery capacity (100% indicates a fully charged battery).

Test Results

Displays the result of the last self-test performed by the UPS. The possible test results are:

Unit OK The UPS unit is in working order.

Unit Failed The UPS unit has failed the self-test. Check the

unit for damage or consult your UPS UserÕs Manual.

Bad Battery The UPS unit battery is bad.

No recent test No UPS self-test has been performed in the last

Þve minutes.

Unit in test... The UPS is currently in test mode. Please standby

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Setting the UPS ID

You need to set the UPS ID typecode that indicates the manufacturer and model of the UPS.

To set the UPS ID:

1. Click on next to the SET UPS ID text box. A Model number menu will appear. Scroll to highlight the appropriate UPS ID. (Consult the manual that was included when you purchased your UPS for the correct Model ID number.)

2. Click on the OK button. The UPS ID you have chosen will appear in the text box, and the UPS window will be active.

If your UPS unit does not function after you have set this ID, check the manual you received with the UPS to ensure that you have chosen the correct UPS ID. If you need to change the ID, follow the directions given above.

Using the Test Option

You can use the test option to activate a self-test cycle for your unit. This self-test will check the viability of your unit and its battery.

To activate the test:

1. Click on the Test button. The unit will begin its self-test. The results of the test will appear in the Test Result text box next to the Test button.

Using the Disconnect Option

You can disconnect the UPS attached to your SmartSwitch 2000 through its com port, as follows:

1. Click on the Disconnect button near the bottom of the UPS window. Your UPS will now be disconnected.

To reconnect, simply click on the OK button, or close, then re-open the UPS window.

Redirecting Trafﬁc on the SmartSwitch 2000

The Port Redirect window (Figure 2-19) allows you to redirect trafÞc from one or more interfaces directly to another interface Ñ essentially mirroring the trafÞc at the ÒredirectÓ interface. This feature is useful in that it allows you to use an external analyzer on the ÒredirectÓ port to analyze data, without disturbing the normal switching operations at the original source ports. The Port Redirect window displays the interface remap table and allows you to add new entries to

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and delete existing entries from this table. When you set a source port to redirect to a destination port, the destination port will transmit out all packets received or transmitted on the source port.

To access the Port Redirect window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

2. Click Port Redirector. The Port Redirect window, Figure 2-19, will appear.

Figure 2-19. The Port Redirect Window

The current port mappings will be listed in this window. You may add or delete entries from this window.

To add an entry:

1. Next to the Source P ort display bo x click on and select the desired source

port (Port X) from the drop down list that will appear.

2. Next to the Destination Port display box click on and select the desired

destination port (Port X) from the drop down list that will appear.

3. Click on the Add button to add the redirect pair y ou hav e just conﬁgured to the

list. The new entry will now be displayed in the Current Active Entries list in this

window and the port trafﬁc will begin to be redirected.

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To delete an entry:

1. Click to highlight the entry line in the current active entries list that you wish to delete.

2. Click on the Delete button to remove the redirect pair you have highlighted from the current active entries list.

The entry will be deleted from the current active entries list and the trafﬁc from the source port will not be redirected to the destination port any longer.

Priority Conﬁguration

The SmartSwitch 2000 devices support priority packet forwarding. Priority packet forwarding lets you designate certain packets to be of higher importance than others, thereby allowing for the forwarding of these packets before packets of lower priority. This functionality is essential for time-critical applications Ñ such as real-time video Ñ on shared networks.

The Priority ConÞguration menu option will only appear in the Device menu for

NOTE

devices that respond to any of SPECTRUM Element ManagerÕs queries to the following OIDs: ctPriorityExtPortStatus, ctPriorityExtMaxNumMACEntries, or ctPriorityExtNumPktTypeEntries. If your deviceÕs Þrmware does not respond to these queries, contact the Cabletron Systems Global Call Center for Þrmware upgrade information.

Frame priority is enabled by the ÒtaggingÓ of MAC frames so that they are given a priority designation when they are forwarded by the SmartSwitch 2000 device Ñ which is a tag-aware switch (i.e., one that adheres to the IEEE P802.1p and IEEE P802.1q Draft Standards). Tagging a frame is accomplished by adding a Tag Header to a frame immediately following its original Destination and Source MAC address Þelds (and any routing Þelds, if present), and then recomputing the Frame Check Sequence (FCS) appropriately. On receiving such a frame, a tag-aware switch will read the priority from the tagged portion of the frame, remove the Tag Header, recompute the FCS, and then direct it to its appropriate transmission queue.

There are eight priority levels Ñ indicated 0 through 7Ñ available to designate user priority. Frames tagged with a 0 represent the lowest priority level (or normal) trafÞc, and frames tagged with a 7 indicate the highest priority level trafÞc.

The SmartSwitch 2000 itself supports two transmission queues: one that is for 0 or normal priority trafÞc (or any non-tagged trafÞc), and a second queue that is reserved for frames that have been tagged with a priority level of 1 or higher. On receiving any priority-tagged frames, the SmartSwitch 2000 will forward them out of the high priority queue before forwarding any frames in the normal

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priority queue. However, the SmartSwitch 2000 will tag outgoing frames with the full range of eight priority levels, so that upon reception, a device that supports the entire range of priority queuing will forward the frame appropriately.

You can use SPECTRUM Element Manager to conÞgure the criteria that determine the priority in which frames will be queued for transmission by your SmartSwitch 2000. Several different criteria can be used to determine a frameÕs transmission queue order:

¥ The device and port at which the frame was received.

¥ The destination and/or source MAC address associated with the frame.

¥ A combination of destination and/or source MAC address and the frameÕs

protocol type.

¥ The frameÕs protocol type.

When you conÞgure the transmission queue for a speciÞc frame, an entry is made in one of three priority tables maintained by the SmartSwitch 2000 device. These tables are used to determine which transmit queue to use Ñ normal priority or high priority Ñ when forwarding frames.

¥ The ctPriorityExtPortTable maintains priority entries based on a frameÕs receive

port.

¥ The ctPriorityExtMACTable maintains priority entries based on a frameÕs

MAC-layer information.

¥ The ctPriorityExtPktTypeTable maintains priority entries based on the frameÕs

protocol type.

The following sections discuss how to use the Port Priority ConÞguration window, the MAC Based Priority ConÞguration window, and the Frame Priority ConÞguration window to make entries in these transmit priority tables.

Conﬁguring Priority Queuing Based on Receive Port

You can use the Port Priority ConÞguration window, Figure 2-20, to determine packet queuing based solely upon the port at which the packet was received. This allows you to ensure that a connected user or LAN segment will have priority when frames that were received on that port are queued for transmission.

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Highlight a port, then use the drop-down list box to select a priority (Normal–7).

Click Apply to set the priority at the device. Any priority of 1 or higher will allow packets received at the chosen port to be forwarded from the higher priority transmission queue.

Figure 2-20. The Port Priority ConÞguration Window

NOTES

In the event that an incoming packet received on a designated port already has a priority associated with it, you can use the ctPriorityExtPortFwdInboundPriority OID to determine whether the incoming priority should remain intact, or be replaced with the priority that you have set for the receiving port.

Use the MIB Tools utility suite to set the ctPriorityExtPortFwdInboundPriority OID to 1 (for the appropriate port instance) if you want the incoming packet to retain its originally set priority when received by the port; set the OID to 2 if you want the packet to take the default priority set for the receiving port. Refer to the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide for information on using the MIB Tools suite.

To access the Port Priority ConÞguration window:

1. Click on Device to access the Device menu.

2. Click on Priority Conﬁguration, and then select Port Based from the menu. The Port Priority Conﬁguration window will appear.

The Port Priority ConÞguration window displays the contents of the ctPriorityExtPortTable. It has a list box that displays the front panel interfaces supported by the SmartSwitch 2000 device, along with the slot number occupied by the module (for the SmartSwitch 2000, the slot number will always be 1), and any transmit priority that has been assigned to those interfaces.

To assign a transmit priority to a port:

1. Click to highlight the port interface of interest in the Port # column. Each interface is identiﬁed by its MIBII

IfIndex

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NOTE

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

2. Click on the Transmit Priority drop-down list box, and scroll to select the

desired priority level (Normal–7) for forwarding packets received on the selected port.

Remember, since the SmartSwitch 2000 device has two transmit queues, a priority of Normal will cause packets received on that port to be forwarded through the lower priority queue, and any priority of 1 through 7 will cause the packets to be forwarded through the higher priority queue. However, other tag-aware switches may use the full range of eight priority queues Ñ so the priority that you assign may have bearing on how the frame is forwarded when it is received by another device.

3. Click the Apply button. The deﬁned priority will appear next to the port in the

Transmit Priority column.

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Conﬁguring Priority Queuing Based on MAC-layer Information

You can use the MAC Based Priority ConÞguration window, Figure 2-21, to determine packet queuing based upon the packetÕs Source and/or Destination MAC address, as well as the packetÕs frame Type. These priority entries, based on the frameÕs MAC-layer information, are maintained in the ctPriorityExtMACTable. You can create up to 1024 priority entries for queuing frames based upon on MAC-layer information.

Click Add to enter a MAC Address to which you want to assign a higher priority transmission queue.

Figure 2-21. The MAC Based Priority ConÞguration Window

To access the MAC Based Priority ConÞguration window:

1. Click on Device to access the Device menu.

2. Click on Priority Conﬁguration, and then select MAC Based from the men u.

Select whether you want the address type to be destination, source, or either type.

Determine whether to apply the priority to all frames with the given address and SA/DA type, or only to frames of a speciﬁc type.

Finally, select a priority level, and click Apply.

The MAC Based Priority Conﬁguration window will appear.

The MAC Based Priority ConÞguration window contains the following information:

Current Priority Entries

The Current Priority Entries list box displays any MAC-based priority entries that have been conÞgured for the SmartSwitch 2000 device. It has four columns:

¥ MAC Address, which identiÞes the physical address for which a frame

transmit priority entry has been conÞgured.

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¥ Address Type, which identiÞes whether the address of interest is in the source

or destination Þeld, or in both Þelds, of the frame.

¥ Frame Type, which indicates whether all frames with the given address will

have a transmit priority, or whether a speciÞed frame Type will be used in combination with the address.

¥ Priority, which displays the current transmit priority assigned to the entry.

Below the Current Priority Entries list box, several text Þelds and command buttons allow you to conÞgure or edit MAC-based priority entries:

MAC Address

This text Þeld allows you to enter a new MAC address that will have a transmit priority associated with it.

Address T ype

This drop-down list box allows you to select whether the given MAC address must be in the source address portion of the frame (SA), the destination address portion (DA), or in either portion (SA/DA).

Frame Type

This radio button/text box combination allows you to choose whether All frame Types with the given address will be given priority, or whether frames of a SpeciÞc type (as deÞned in the associated text box) will be given priority.

Priority

Priority, which indicates the transmit priority level assigned to the conÞgured entry.

To assign a transmit priority based on MAC-layer information:

1. Click on the Add button. The entry ﬁelds will be activated.

2. Click in the MAC Address text box, and type in the physical address in

XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX format, where X is a valid hexadecimal value (A-F or 0-9), for which you want to conﬁgure a transmit priority.

3. Click on the Address T ype drop-down list box, and select whether you want

the speciﬁed address to be in the Source Address portion of the frame (SA), the Destination Address portion (DA), or in either portion (SA/DA).

4. Specify a Frame Type that you want associated with the frame:

a. Click on the appropriate Frame Type option button: Speciﬁc if you want a

certain Frame Type associated with the given MAC address, or All if you do not care about the Frame Type.

b. If you select Speciﬁc, click in the associated text box and type in the

two-byte hexadecimal value for that protocol type (e.g., 0BAD for Banyan frames).

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When creating priority entries, you can specify up to four Frame Types for the same MAC

NOTE

Address value.

5. Click on the Priority drop-down list box, and scroll to select the desired priority level — Normal (0)–7 — for forwarding packets received with the speciﬁed MAC-layer information.

Remember, since the SmartSwitch 2000 has two transmit queues, a priority of Normal

NOTE

will cause packets to be forwarded through the lower priority queue, and any priority of 1 through 7 will cause the packets to be forwarded through the higher priority queue.

6. Click the Apply button. The Current Priority Entries list box will be updated with the newly created entry.

You can edit an existing address entry by changing the priority currently associated with the entry. To do so:

1. Highlight the desired entry in the Current Priority Entries list box, and click on the Edit button. The Priority drop-down list box will be activated. (All other parameters will remain grayed-out, since they cannot be edited once they are initially conﬁgured).

2. Click on the Priority drop-down list box, and scroll to select the new priority level (Normal–7) f or f orwarding pack ets received with the speciﬁed MA C-la yer information.

3. Click the Apply button. The Current Priority Entries list box will be updated with the newly edited entry.

To clear a priority entry from the ctPriorityExtMACTable:

1. Highlight the desired entry in the Current Priority Entries list box, and click on the Delete button. The entry ﬁelds will be cleared from the table.

Conﬁguring Priority Queuing Based on Packet Type

You can use the Frame Priority ConÞguration window, Figure 2-22, to determine packet queuing based solely upon its Type Þeld data. Frame type entries are maintained in the ctPriorityExtPktTypeTable. You can conÞgure up to 15 frame Type priority entries for the device.

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Click Add to activ ate the Frame Type ﬁeld, then type in the 2 byte hexadecimal frame Type.

Use the drop-down list box to select a priority (Normal–7) associated with that frame Type.

Click Apply to set the priority at the device. Any priority of 1 or higher will allow packets received at the chosen port to be forwarded from the higher priority transmission queue.

Figure 2-22. The Frame Priority ConÞguration Window

To assign a transmit priority based on frame Type information:

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

NOTE

1. Click on the Add button. The entry ﬁelds will be activated.

2. Click in the Frame T ype text box, and type in the 2-byte frame Type in XXXX

format, where X is a valid hexadecimal value (A-F or 0-9), for which you want to conﬁgure a transmit priority (e.g., 8137 for Novell Type 1 frames).

3. Click on the Priority drop-down list box, and scroll to select the desired

priority level (Normal–7) for forwarding packets received with the speciﬁed Type ﬁeld information.

Remember, since the SmartSwitch 2000 has two transmit queues, a priority of Normal will cause packets to be forwarded through the lower priority queue, and any priority of 1 through 7 will cause the packets to be forwarded through the higher priority queue.

4. Click the Apply button. The Frame Type Entries list box will be updated with

the newly created entry.

You can edit an existing frame Type entry by changing its previously assigned priority. To do so:

1. Highlight the desired entry in the Current Priority Entries list box, and click on

the Edit button. The Priorities drop-down list box will be activated (the Frame Type cannot be edited once it is initially conﬁgured).

2. Click on the Priority drop-down list box, and scroll to select the desired

priority level (Normal–7) for forwarding packets received with the speciﬁed frame Type information.

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3. Click the Apply button. The Frame Type Priorities Entries list box will be updated with the newly edited entry.

To clear a priority entry from the ctPriorityExtPktTypeTable:

1. Highlight the desired entry in the Frame Type Priorities Entries list box, and click on the Delete button. The entry ﬁelds will be cleared from the table.

The System Resources Window

The System Resources window displays current physical and logical system resources and utilization on your SmartSwitch 2000.

To display the System Resources window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

2. Select System Resources. The System Resources window, Figure 2-23, will appear.

Figure 2-23. The System Resources Window

CPU Type

Displays the type and speed (in mega-hertz) of the CPU (processor) used by the system.

Flash Memory Installed:

Displays the total amount of installed ßash memory (in Mbytes).

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Flash Memory Available:

Displays (in Kbytes) the current amount of ßash memory that is currently free and not currently being used for code and data.

DRAM Installed:

Displays the total installed local memory or (DRAM) in Mbytes.

DRAM Available:

Displays (in Kbytes) the current amount of local memory (DRAM) that is currently free and not currently being used for code and data.

SRAM Installed:

Displays the total amount of shared memory (SRAM) that is installed (in Mbytes).

SRAM Available:

Displays (in Kbytes) the current amount of shared memory (SRAM) that is free and not currently being used for data.

NVRAM Installed:

Displays (in Kbytes) the total installed non-volatile memory (NVRAM).

NVRAM Available:

Displays (in Bytes) the current amount of non-volatile memory (NVRAM) that is free and not currently being used for data.

Current Switch Utilization:

Displays the current load on the switch, which is based on a percentage of maximum switching capacity of 100%.

Peak Switch Utilization:

Displays the peak percentage of switch load (based on a maximum of 100%) that has occurred on the switch, since power-up or last reset, along with the time and date that it occurred. This Þeld can be administratively refreshed, as described below.

Reset Peak Switch Utilization:

This option allows you to clear the Peak Switch Utilization Þeld.The Peak Switch Utilization Þeld will immediately display the current switch utilization, and current date and time.

To reset peak switch utilization:

1. Click on next to the Reset Peak Switch Utilization ﬁeld and select Yes

from the drop down list that will appear. (The default value is No.)

2. Click on the Apply button to reset the displayed peak switch utilization. Note

that when the window refreshes the value in this ﬁeld will return to No.

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The value displayed as peak switch utilization will be reset to the current value. The time and date will be reset to the current time and date. These values will change only if a peak is experienced after this reset, or if you reset this value again.

The default setting for this Þeld is No. While No is selected the peak switch utilization

NOTE

Reserving CPU Bandwidth

value will not be reset when you click on the Apply button. You must choose Ye s for a reset to take place.

CPU Management Reservation:

Displays the desired amount of CPU bandwidth reserved for management purposes: none, limited, or full. Bandwidth that is not reserved for management will be devoted to switching.

Depending on your needs and the main function of your SmartSwitch 2000 you may wish to change the amount of CPU bandwidth that is currently reserved for management purposes. The three possible allocations of CPU bandwidth on your SmartSwitch 2000 are:

802.1Q VLANs

¥ none Ñ the SmartSwitch 2000 will reserve all bandwidth for switching;

therefore, if all the bandwidth is needed for switching, management frames may be dropped.

¥ limited Ñ the management of the SmartSwitch 2000 may appear slow while

the SmartSwitch 2000 is at maximum switching load.

¥ full Ñ management of the SmartSwitch 2000 is always possible and

management frames will have priority over switched data if full CPU bandwidth is required (switched frames may be dropped).

To conÞgure the CPU Management Reservation:

1. Next to the CPU Management Reservation ﬁeld click on and select none, full, or limited from the drop down list that will appear.

2. Click on the Apply button to set the new CPU management reservation. A window will appear stating the set was successful.

This section introduces and describes pre-standard IEEE 802.1Q port-based Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) technology and the windows used to conÞgure CabletronÕs 802.1Q VLAN-capable devices.

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NOTE

What is a VLAN?

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

SmartSwitch 2000 Þrmware version 4.00.08 supports the pre-standard IEEE

802.1Q draft speciÞcation for port-based VLANs.

For SmartSwitch 2000 Þrmware versions 4.00.08 and above, HSIM-F6 modules cannot be installed in a SmartSwitch 2000 that is operating in 802.1Q mode.

A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a logical group of devices that function as a single Local Area Network segment (broadcast domain). Devices comprising a VLAN may be (physically) widely separated, allowing users located in separate areas or connected to separate ports to belong to a single VLAN group. Users assigned to a VLAN can send and receive broadcast and multicast trafÞc as though they were all physically connected to a single network segment. VLAN-capable switches isolate broadcast and multicast trafÞc received from VLAN groups, and contain broadcasts and multicasts from members of a VLAN within that group.

What is an 802.1Q Port-Based VLAN?

Switches that support the pre-standard IEEE 802.1Q draft speciÞcation for port-based VLANs act by classifying frames into VLAN membership. Usually, VLAN classiÞcation is based on tag headers (VLAN tags) in the headers of data frames. The tag header is inserted into the frame directly after the Source MAC address Þeld. A four-byte Þeld in the tag header is used as the VLAN identiÞer. These VLAN tags are added to data frames by the switch as the frames are transmitted and/or received by certain ports, and are later used to make forwarding decisions by the switch and other 802.1Q switches. In the absence of a VLAN tag, a frame is assigned VLAN membership according to the VLAN conÞguration of the switch port that receives the frame.

About 802.1Q VLAN Conﬁguration and Operation

An 802.1Q VLAN is deÞned by assigning it a unique identiÞcation number (the VLAN ID) and an optional name. The VLAN ID is used to identify data frames that originate from, and are intended for, the ports assigned to the VLAN. Up to 64 VLANs may be created, with VLAN IDs ranging from 2-4094. VLAN ID 1 is reserved for the Default VLAN.

Ports on 802.1Q switches are assigned membership in a VLAN by associating a VLAN ID with each port on the switch. The VLAN ID is combined with the portÕs identiÞcation (e.g., device X port X) to form the Port VLAN ID (PVID).

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When 802.1Q mode is initially activated on a device, all ports are associated with the

NOTE

Default VLAN (VLAN ID 1). If a VLAN ID has not been assigned to a particular port on an 802.1Q switch, any frames received from that port will be classiÞed as belonging to the Default VLAN.

When 802.1Q is implemented for a SmartSwitch 2000 that has an HSIM-A6DP installed, each LEC will be represented as an individual port which can be easily assigned membership in a VLAN.

For SmartSwitch 2000 Þrmware version 4.00.08 and above, the number of LECs

NOTE

supported by the HSIM-A6DP in 802.1Q mode is limited to 32.

Once VLANs have been conÞgured and activated, all frames with unknown destination addresses (including broadcast, unknown multicast, and unknown unicast frames) will be contained within the VLAN of their origin. The switchÕs Filtering Database tracks the associations between MAC addresses, VLAN eligibilities, and port numbers, and is used to make forwarding decisions for frames. All VLANs share a single Spanning Tree.

Ingress List Operation

A portÕs ingress list speciÞes the VLAN with which received frames will be associated. The switchÕs Filtering Database tracks the associations between VLAN eligibilities, MAC addresses, and port numbers.

Untagged frames received by an 802.1Q switch port are classiÞed according to the VLAN membership of the port that receives the frame.

Tagged frames received by an 802.1Q switch port are classiÞed according to the VLAN indicated in their tag header. A port may receive a tagged frame that speciÞes a VLAN other than the one assigned to the port.

Egress List Operation

Each portÕs egress list speciÞes which VLANs are associated with the port, and speciÞes what type of frame (tagged or untagged) to transmit for each particular VLAN on a port. This information may be statically deÞned by the user, or dynamically learned and maintained by the switchÕs Filtering Database.

If a port receives a tagged frame that speciÞes a VLAN other than the one assigned to the port, the switch will dynamically associate that frameÕs source address and VLAN with the port (i.e., add that frameÕs VLAN to the receiving

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portÕs egress list). Dynamically learned VLANs are subject to the same aging rules as source addresses (e.g., if a tagged frame belonging to a dynamically learned VLAN is not received by the port within the switchÕs aging time, the transmitting stationÕs source address and VLAN will be aged out for that port; no unknown destination frames belonging to the stationÕs VLAN will be transmitted through the port until the VLAN is dynamically learned once again). Only tagged frames can cause the switch to dynamically change a portÕs egress list.

802.1Q Port Types

Each 802.1Q switch port is assigned a mode of operation. Port types include:

1Q T runk

If VLAN membership is to apply to users across several switches, ports used to connect 802.1Q-aware devices are conÞgured to use 1Q Trunk mode. In this mode, all frames (except BPDUs) are transmitted with a tag header included in the frame, allowing VLAN frames to maintain their VLAN ID across multiple switches. Any untagged frames received by the port are dropped. 1Q Trunk ports are conÞgured to be members of all VLANs.

1d T runk

This mode allows a port to transmit to a traditional (802.1d) switch fabric. These ports transmit only untagged frames, and the switch expects to receive only untagged trafÞc through the port. 1d Trunk ports are conÞgured to be members of all VLANs. This mode can be used to share a connection among multiple VLANs (e.g., sharing a server between two or more separate VLANs).

Hybrid

Hybrid mode (enabled by default) allows a port to receive and transmit both tagged and untagged frames. In this mode, the port will be a member of its statically assigned VLAN, as well as any dynamically learned VLANs (remember, dynamically learned VLANs are subject to the same aging rules as source addresses).

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Conﬁguring Y our 802.1Q VLANS

Before you can deÞne and conÞgure 802.1Q port-based VLANs on your device, you must activate the deviceÕs 802.1Q operational mode; this operation can be performed using Local Management or the MIB Tools application. Using MIB Tools, 802.1Q mode can be activated through the Container MIBÕs Logical Entry Table (contLogicalEntryTable). When the 802.1Q component is activated, the device will automatically reset, and begin operating in 802.1Q mode.

Your SmartSwitch 2000 will automatically reset when 802.1Q mode is activated. If you

CAUTION

attempt to activate a SmartSwitch 2000 deviceÕs 802.1Q component via the MIB Tools application, you may lose contact with the rest of the chassis once the device resets. For this reason, we recommend that Local Management be used to activate 802.1Q mode for SmartSwitch 2000 devices.

Refer to your deviceÕs Local Management documentation for instructions on activating a deviceÕs 802.1Q operational mode via Local Management. For details on the MIB Tools application, refer to your SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide.

To set up your 802.1Q port-based VLANs using SPECTRUM Element Manager, you must Þrst deÞne the desired VLANs using the VLAN ConÞg window (Figure 2-24), which allows you to assign VLAN IDs and optional VLAN names, and enable or disable VLANs.

After your VLANs are deÞned, you may conÞgure the ingress and egress lists for each port using the VLAN Port ConÞg window (Figure 2-25) and the VLAN Egress Port ConÞg window (Figure 2-26), respectively.

Setting VLAN Parameters and Operational Modes

802.1Q VLANs are deÞned using the VLAN ConÞg window, which is accessed

from the Device menu in your switchÕs Chassis View. To launch the window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

2. Click on 802.1Q VLAN, and then select 802.1Q VLAN Conﬁg. The VLAN Conﬁg window, Figure 2-24, will appear.

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Figure 2-24. The VLAN ConÞg Window

The ConÞgured VLANS list box and Þelds allow you to view, create, modify, delete, enable, and disable 802.1Q port-based VLANs. The list box displays the following information about your deÞned VLANs:

VLAN ID

The VLAN ID is used to identify data frames that originate from, and are intended for, the ports assigned to the VLAN. Up to 64 VLANs may be created, with VLAN IDs ranging from 2-4094. The VLAN ID is combined with the portÕs identiÞcation (e.g., device X port X) to form the Port VLAN ID (PVID). VLAN ID 1 is reserved for the Default VLAN.

VLAN Name

An optional 32-character VLAN name may be assigned to a created VLAN. The Default VLAN is assigned the name DEFAULT VLAN, which cannot be changed or deleted.

Admin Status

This Þeld indicates whether the VLAN is enabled or disabled. Unless Enable is selected when port-based VLANs are initially deÞned, they are disabled by default. The Default VLAN cannot be disabled.

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Creating and Modifying VLANs

The Þelds immediately below the ConÞgured VLANS list box are used to create and modify your port-based VLANs. To create a new VLAN:

1. In the VLAN ID ﬁeld, enter a unique value between 2-4094. VLAN ID 1 is reserved for the Default VLAN, and cannot be used.

2. If desired, enter a name for the VLAN in the VLAN Name ﬁeld. VLAN names must be 32 characters or less.

Unless Enable is selected when a port-based VLAN is initially deÞned, it will be disabled

NOTE

by default. A new VLAN that is left in a Disabled state will remain disabled until a port is assigned to it, at which time it will be automatically enabled. If you are changing a VLANÕs port assignment, the VLAN should be disabled before changing the port conÞguration. See Enabling and Disabling VLANs, on page 2-67, for instructions on disabling VLANs. See Performing Ingress List ConÞguration, on page 2-67, for details on completing your VLAN port conÞguration.

3. Click the Apply button. The new VLAN will be added to the Conﬁgured VLANS list box.

Once a VLAN has been created, its VLAN ID cannot be modiÞed. If you wish to change a VLANÕs ID, youÕll have to delete the VLAN and create a new entry. See

Deleting VLANs, on page 2-66, for instructions on deleting a VLAN. Attempting

to change a VLANÕs ID will result in the creation of a new VLAN with the same VLAN name.

To modify an existing VLANÕs name, select its entry in the ConÞgured VLANS list box. The selected VLANÕs name will be displayed in the VLAN Name Þeld. Modify the displayed name as outlined in Steps 2-3, above.

Deleting VLANs

The VLAN ConÞg window also allows you to delete VLANs (except for the Default VLAN, which cannot be deleted). When a VLAN is deleted, any ports assigned to that VLAN will automatically become members of the Default VLAN. To delete a VLAN from your 802.1Q switch:

1. Click to select the desired VLAN entry in the Conﬁgured VLANS list box.

2. Click the Delete button. The selected VLAN will be removed from the list box.

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Enabling and Disabling VLANs

Unless Enable is selected when a VLAN is initially deÞned, it is disabled by default. A new VLAN that is left in a Disabled state will remain disabled until a port is assigned to it, at which time it will be automatically enabled. If you are changing a VLANÕs port assignment, the VLAN should be disabled before changing the port conÞguration. See

Performing Ingress List ConÞguration, on page 2-67, for details on completing your

VLAN port conÞguration.

To enable or disable VLANs:

1. Select the desired VLAN entry in the Conﬁgured VLANS list box.

2. In the VLAN Admin ﬁeld, click to select Enable or Disable.

3. Click the Apply button. The selected VLAN will be enabled or disabled,

depending on your selection.

Updating VLAN Conﬁg Window Information

Clicking the Refresh button will update the information displayed in the ConÞgured VLANs list without closing the window.

Performing Ingress List Conﬁguration

802.1Q VLAN port assignment and ingress list conÞguration operations are performed using the VLAN Port ConÞg window, which is accessed from the Device menu in your switchÕs Device View. See Ingress List Operation, on

page 2-62 for details on ingress lists. To launch the window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

2. Click on 802.1Q VLAN, and then select 802.1Q VLAN Port Conﬁg. The

VLAN Port Conﬁg window, Figure 2-25, will appear.

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Figure 2-25. The VLAN Port ConÞg Window

The 802.1Q VLAN Port Assignment list box in this window displays the following information about ports on your 802.1Q switch:

Slot/Port

These Þelds display the slot and port index for each port on your 802.1Q switch. For the SmartSwitch 2000, the slot index will always be 1.

VLAN ID

This Þeld displays the VLAN ID of the VLAN to which the port is currently assigned.

Mode

This Þeld displays the portÕs current mode of operation. Port operational modes include:

¥ Dot1DTrunk mode, which is used for ports that are to connect to a traditional

(802.1d) switch fabric. These ports transmit only untagged frames. 1d Trunk ports are conÞgured to be members of all VLANs.

¥ Dot1QTrunk mode, which is used for ports used to connect 802.1Q-aware

devices if VLAN membership is to apply to users across several switches. These ports transmit only tagged frames. 1Q Trunk ports are conÞgured to be members of all VLANs.

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¥ Hybrid mode, which allows a port to receive and transmit both tagged and

untagged frames. In this mode, the port will be a member of its statically assigned VLAN, as well as any dynamically learned VLANs. Hybrid mode is enabled by default.

For more information on 802.1Q port operational modes, see 802.1Q Port Types, on page 2-63.

Discard

This Þeld displays the portÕs current frame discard format (discardTagged, discardUntagged, or noDiscard).

The VLAN ID, Port Operational Mode, and Port Discard Þelds, below the list box, allow you to conÞgure your ports as follows:

VLAN ID

This Þeld allows you to associate a selected port with an existing VLAN. See

Assigning VLAN Membership to Ports, on page 2-69, for details on performing

this operation.

Port Operational Mode

This Þeld allows you to assign a mode of operation to a selected port. See Setting

Port Operational Modes, on page 2-70, for details on using this Þeld.

NOTE

Port Discard

This Þeld allows you to specify the frame discard format (discardTagged, discardUntagged, or noDiscard) for a selected port. See Setting Port Frame

Discard Formats, on page 2-70, for details on using this Þeld.

Assigning VLAN Membership to Ports

To assign a port on your 802.1Q switch to any of your deÞned VLANs:

1. In the list box, click to select a port that you wish to assign to a VLAN. The

port’s current VLAN conﬁguration information, including its VLAN ID, will be displayed in the ﬁelds below the list box.

2. In the VLAN ID ﬁeld, click to select the VLAN ID of the VLAN to which you

wish to assign the selected port.

3. Click the Apply button. The new VLAN assignment will be reﬂected in the

VLAN Port Conﬁg window’s list box for the selected port.

If you assign a port to a VLAN that is in a Disabled state, the VLAN will automatically be Enabled once the port assignment operation has been completed.

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Setting Port Operational Modes

To assign a port operational mode (dot1dTrunk, dot1QTrunk, or hybrid) to a port on your 802.1Q switch:

1. In the VLAN Port Conﬁg window’s list box, click to select a port to which you wish to assign a port operational mode.

2. In the Port Operational Mode ﬁeld, click to select the desired operational mode.

3. Click the Apply button. The selected mode will be reﬂected in the list box for the selected port.

Setting Port Frame Discard Formats

To assign a frame discard format (discardTagged, discardUntagged, or noDiscard) to a port on your 802.1Q switch:

1. In the VLAN Port Conﬁg window’s list box, click to select a port to which you wish to assign a frame discard format.

2. In the Port Discard ﬁeld, click to select the desired frame discard format.

3. Click the Apply button. The selected mode will be reﬂected in the list box for the selected port.

Updating VLAN Port Conﬁg Window Information

Clicking the Refresh button will update the information displayed in the 802.1Q VLAN Port Assignment list without closing the window.

Performing Egress List Conﬁguration

802.1Q VLAN switching allows each port on a switch to transmit trafÞc for any or

all deÞned VLANs on your network. During egress list conÞguration, you determine which VLANs are on each portÕs egress list. See Egress List Operation, on page 2-62 for details on egress lists.

Egress list conÞguration operations are performed using the VLAN Egress Port ConÞg window. To launch the window:

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

2. Click on 802.1Q VLAN, and then select 802.1Q VLAN Egress Port Conﬁg. The VLAN Egress Port Conﬁg window, Figure 2-26, will appear.

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Figure 2-26. The VLAN Egress Port ConÞg Window

The list box at the top of this window is used to select a conÞgured VLAN for association with your switchÕs ports. Clicking on a VLAN will display its currently associated ports in the lower portion of this window. The list box displays the following information:

Slot Number

This Þeld displays the slot index for the device being conÞgured.

VID

This Þeld lists the VLAN IDs of the currently conÞgured VLANs on your switch.

Name

This Þeld lists the VLAN names assigned to the currently conÞgured VLANs on your switch.

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

Under the list box there are two groups of check boxes that display the ports on the switch. A checkmark in the portÕs check box indicates that the VLAN selected in the list box is in the portÕs egress list. The two groups are:

Egress Ports

Use these check boxes to add or remove the selected VLAN from the egress list of one or more ports.

Egress Untagged List

Use these check boxes to allow the ports to transmit untagged frames from the selected VLAN.

Building an Egress List

To build egress lists for your 802.1Q switch:

1. In the list box at the top of the window, click to select a conﬁgured VLAN. The ports that contain the selected VLAN in their egress lists will be displayed in the lower portion of the window with checkmarks in their check boxes.

2. To add or remove the selected VLAN from the eg ress list of one or more ports, click on the appropriate check box in the Egress P orts group . A checkmark in a port’s check box indicates that the selected VLAN is in the port’s egress list.

3. To add or remove the ability for a port to transmit both tagged frames from the selected VLAN, click to put a checkmark in the appropriate check box in the Egress Untagged List group. Note that a port check box in this group will be grayed out until it has been selected in the Egress Ports group.

4. To apply any changes, click on the Apply button at the bottom of the window.

Broadcast Suppression

You can monitor and suppress the amount of broadcast frames received on each interface on your SmartSwitch 2000; therefore, protecting your network from broadcast storms. SpeciÞcally, you can monitor the number of frames each interface is receiving, and set limits on how many of those broadcast frames will be forwarded to the other interfaces. Once a threshold has been reached on an interface, broadcast frames will be dropped. From the Broadcast Statistics and Suppression window, you can set a unique threshold for each interface on a frames per second basis.

To access the Broadcast Statistics and Suppression window:

and

untagged

1. Click on Device in the Chassis View menu bar to display the Device menu.

Click on the SmartSwitch 2000 module index. The Module Menu will appear.

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

2. Select Broadcast Suppression. The Broadcast Statistics and Suppression

window, Figure 2-27, will appear.

Figure 2-27. The Broadcast Statistics and Suppression Window

Port #

This read-only Þeld indicates the number assigned to each interface on the device.

Total RX

Displays the total number of broadcast frames received on the interface since the device was last initialized.

Peak Rate

The peak rate of broadcast frames (in frames per second) received on the interface since the device was last initialized or the peak value was administratively reset through this window.

Time Since Peak

The time (in a days, hh:mm:ss format) that the peak broadcast rate occurred; that is, the system uptime (MIB-II) at the time the peak occurred. This value will be reset to 0 days, 00:00:00 when the device is re-initialized or when you administratively reset the peak values.

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In order to calculate the time since peak, subtract the value in the Time Since Peak column

TIP

from the current sysUpTime displayed as Up Time in the front panel. Please note that the peak time you calculate will be within 5 minutes of the actual time since peak, as sysUpTime is polled by default at 3 minute intervals and the broadcast suppression values are polled by default at 2 minute intervals.

To reset the Peak Rate and Time Since Peak values:

1. Shift-click to select one or more interfaces for which you want to reset the values.

2. Click on the Reset Peak Rate and P eak Time on Selected Ports: drop-do wn list box, and drag to select YES.

3. Click on the Apply button. The P eak Rate and Time Since Peak values will be reset for the selected interfaces.

Threshold

The maximum number of received broadcast frames that may be forwarded by this interface to other interfaces on the device. Any number of broadcast frames received over this threshold will be dropped. The default value for the interface is near the theoretical maximum frames per second for the interface, i.e., 14,880 for 10Mb Ethernet interface, 148,880 for 100Mb Ethernet or 1,488,800 for Gigabit Ethernet.

NOTE

To change the Receive Broadcast Threshold:

1. Shift-click to select one or more interfaces for which you want to change the broadcast packet threshold.

2. Highlight the value currently in the Receive Broadcast Threshold on Selected Ports: ﬁeld and type in a new broadcast threshold value. Allowable values begin at 10 and proceed in multiples of ten.

When you enter a value less than 10, the threshold will default to a value of 0. If you enter a value that is not a multiple of 10 it will round down to the last multiple of 10, i.e., if you enter 15 as the new threshold value, the threshold value will be set to 10; if you enter 49 as the new threshold value, the threshold value will be set to 40.

3. Click on the Apply button. The new threshold will be applied to the selected interfaces. Any broadcast frames received by the interface exceeding the set threshold will be dropped.

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Setting the Device Date and Time

You can select the Edit Device Time and Edit Device Date options from the menu to change the date and time stored in the deviceÕs internal clock.

To edit the device time:

1. Click on Device on the Chassis View window menu bar to access the Device

menu. Click Edit Device Time.

2. The following change window, Figure 2-28, will appear.

Figure 2-28. The Edit Time Window

The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

3. Enter the new time in a 24-hour hh:mm:ss format, either by highlighting the

ﬁeld you wish to change and using the up and down arrow buttons, or by simply entering the new value in the appropriate ﬁeld.

4. Click on the OK button to save your changes, or on the Cancel button to

cancel.

To edit the device date:

1. Click on Device on the Chassis View window menu bar to access the Device

menu. Click Edit Device Date.

2. The following change window, Figure 2-29, will appear.

Figure 2-29. The Edit Date Window

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The SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View

3. Enter the new date in a mm/dd/yyyy format, either by highlighting the ﬁeld you wish to change and using the up and down arrow buttons, or by simply entering the new value in the appropriate ﬁeld.

4. Click on the OK button to save your changes, or on the Cancel button to cancel.

In accordance with Year 2000 compliance requirements, SPECTRUM Element Manager

NOTE

now displays and allows you to set all dates with four-digit year values.

Enabling and Disabling Ports

When you disable bridging at a port, you disconnect that portÕs network from the bridge entirely. The port does not forward any packets, nor does it participate in Spanning Tree operations. Nodes connected to the network can still communicate with each other, but they canÕt communicate with the bridge or with other networks connected to the bridge. When you enable a port, the port moves from the Disabled state through the Learning and Listening states to the Forwarding state; bridge port state color codes will change accordingly.

NOTE

From the Port menus in the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View, you can enable and disable any individual ports:

1. Click on the desired Port index. The Port menu will appear.

2. Select Enable to enable the port, or Disable to disable the port. Your port will now be enabled or disabled as desired.

For more information about bridging functions and how to determine the current state of each bridge port, see the Bridging chapter in the SPECTRUM Element Manager Tools Guide.

From the Module menu in the SmartSwitch 2000 Chassis View, you can enable or disable bridging at the device level:

1. Click on the Module Index in the chassis display. The Module menu will appear.

2. Click on Enable Bridge to restart bridging at the device level, or Disable Bridge to halt bridging across the entire device.

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Chapter 3

Alarm Conﬁguration

Accessing the Basic and Advanced Alarms windows; creating a basic alarm; creating an advanced alarm; creating events; assigning actions to events; viewing the event log

Through the RMON Alarm and Event functionality supported by your SmartSwitch 2000, you can conÞgure alarms and events (and, where appropriate, actions) for each available interface.

The Alarm, Event, and Actions windows described in this chapter are identical to those

TIP

provided via the RMON utility. For more information about other features of RMON, see the RMON UserÕs Guide included with your software.

About RMON Alarms and Events

Although Alarms and Events are deÞned as separate RMON groups, neither one can function properly without the other: you can deÞne an alarm threshold, but if it doesnÕt point to an event, there will be no indication that the threshold has been crossed; similarly, you can deÞne an event, but unless it is attached to an alarm threshold, it wonÕt be triggered. Each is an essential part of the same notiÞcation process: the alarm deÞnes a set of conditions you want to know about, and the event determines the means of letting you know those conditions have occurred.

Events are also an integral part of the Þlter and packet capture functionality: you can start and stop packet capturing in response to events, or a successful packet capture can generate its own event.

SPECTRUM Element Manager provides two means for conÞguring RMON alarms: using the Basic Alarms window, you can deÞne both rising and falling alarm thresholds for up to three pre-selected MIB-II variables per interface; based on the options you select, the application automatically creates the necessary events (to log alarm occurrences, generate a trap, or both) and Ñ for Cabletron devices which support the Actions MIB Ñ adds the requested actions to those events (to enable or disable bridging at the selected interface).

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Alarm Conﬁguration

TIP

Using the Advanced Alarms feature, you can deÞne custom alarms for almost any MIB-II or RMON object, as long as it is present in the device Þrmware and its value is deÞned as an integer (including counters, timeticks, and gauges). All aspects of these alarms are user-selectable: thresholds can be established on either the absolute or delta value for a variable; events can be conÞgured to create a log, generate a trap, or both; and for Cabletron devices that support the Actions MIB, events can also be conÞgured to perform any deÞned SNMP SET or series of SETs on device objects. The Advanced Alarms feature also allows you to conÞgure any events you wish to use in conjunction with the Packet Capture functionality. (For more information on using the Packet Capture feature, see the RMON UserÕs Guide included with your software.)

The Basic Alarms feature allows you to assign alarms to any interface type; using the Advanced Alarms feature, you need only be sure to select variables appropriate to the interface Ñ Ethernet for Ethernet, Token Ring for Token Ring, etc. Ñ when deÞning your alarms.

You can use the RMON Alarms feature to conÞgure alarms for MIB objects on FDDI, ATM, and other interfaces that donÕt speciÞcally support RMON: the Basic Alarms window provides MIB II objects as alarm variables; Advanced Alarm conÞguration allows you to select any object as an alarm variable, as long as its value is deÞned as an integer and you assign the correct instance value. See step 5 on page 3-19 and the Note which follows it for more information on assigning the correct instance value to an advanced alarm.

Basic Alarm Conﬁguration

Using the Basic Alarm ConÞguration application, you can deÞne both rising and falling alarm thresholds for three selected MIB-II objects: ifInOctets, ifInNUcast, and ifInErrors. Because these pre-selected objects are not RMON-speciÞc, you can conÞgure alarms for all interfaces installed in your SmartSwitch 2000 Ñ including those, like FDDI, for which no speciÞc RMON statistics currently exist.

In addition to conÞguring separate rising and falling thresholds, you can also conÞgure your deviceÕs response to an alarm condition: when a threshold is crossed, the RMON device can create a log of alarm events, send a trap notifying your management workstation that an alarm condition has occurred, or both; you can even conÞgure an alarm to enable or disable bridging on the offending port in response to a rising or falling alarm condition.

3-2 Basic Alarm Conﬁguration