burroughs B 20 Operations

Printed In U.S.A.

3·85

5016017

Burroughs cannot accept any financial or other
responsibilities that may

be

the result

of

your use

of

this

in

formation

or

software

material,
including direct, indirect, special or consequential
damages. There are no warranties extended

or

granted

by

this document or software material.

You should be very careful to ensure that the use

of

this

software material

and/or

information complies with the

laws, rules, and regulations

of

the jurisdictions with

respect to which it

is

used.

The information contained herein

is

subject to change

without

notice. Revisions may be issued to advise

of

such changes

and/or

additions.

Comments

or

suggestions regarding this document should be submitted

on
a Field Communication Form (FCF) with the CLASS specified as 2 (S.SW:
System Software), the Type specified as 3 (DOC),

and

.the product specified

as the 7-digit form number

of

the manual (for example, 5016017).

LIST

OF

EFFECTIVE PAGES

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iii

TABLE OF

CONTENTS

Section

Title

Page

INTRODUCTION
Course

Overview

• • • • . • • . . • • •

Course

Objectives

• • • .

Required

Reference

Documents . . . • • •

Additional

Reference

Manuals

.•••

1

THE

INSTRUCTOR

PROGRAM

. . . . . . . . . . .

xi
xii
xii

xiii

Introduction

to

Computer-Assisted

Instruction

. . . .

1-1

Program

Materials

. . . . . . . .

1-3

Required

Training

Materials

. .

1-3

Suggested

Reference

Materials

. . . . • . . . . .

1-3

Role

of

Course

Administrator

. .

1-4

Preparation

. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .

1-4

System

Set

Up

. . . . . . . . . • .

1-5

Training

Time

Estimates

. . . . . . . . . .

1-7

Course

Administrator's

Role

During

Training.

1-8

Course

Administrator's

Role

After

Training

1-8

Key

Words

......

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-9

Preview

of

Instruction

Blocks

. . . . . . . . • .

..

1-10

Instruction

Block

1:

Introduction..

. . .

..

.

1-10

Overview

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-10

Objectives

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • .

1-10

Instruction

Block

2:

Non-Technical

Definitions

.

1-11

Overview

. . . . . . . .

1-11

Objectives

. . . . . . . . •

1-12

Comparison

Chart

. . . . . . . .

1-13

Instruction

Block

3:

B 20

System

Hardware

......

1-14

Overview

. • . . . . . . .

1-14

Objectives

. . . . . . . . . . .

1-14

Instruction

Block

4:

B 20

System

Software

. •

1-15

Overview

. . . . . . . . . . • . . .

1-15

Objectives

. . • . . . .

..

...

1-16

Instruction

Block

5:

System

(Intermediate)

Training.

1-17

Overview

• . . . . . . . .

..

.

1-17

Objectives

. . . . . . . . . .

~

.

1-17

Instruction

Block

6:

File

Management

Training.

.

1-18

Overview

. . . . . . . . . . . .

.•

.

1-18

Objectives

. . . . . • . . . . . .

..

.

1-18

Instruction

Block

7:

Print

and

Archive

Training

.

1-19

Overview

Objectives

Guidelines

for

Students

List

of

Frames

. . . . .

·

1-19

·

1-19

·

1-20

. . . .

1-21

v

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)

Section

Title

2

vi

B

20

HARDWARE

Key

Words

Hardware

Overview

Your

Workstation

. . .

Equipment

Required

. .

Screen

. . . . . . . . . .

B

20

Disks

and

Disk

Drives

Handling

Floppy

Disks

.

The

Write

Enable

Notch

....

Inserting

Floppy

Disks

. . . . .

Removing

Floppy

Disks

The Keyboard . . . . . . . . . .

B

25

K1/B

20

Keyboard . . . .

Typewri

ter

Keys . . • .

Function

Keys . . . .

Control

Keys . . . . . . . . .

Display

Keys . . . . .

Cursor

Keys . . . .

Number Keypad

OFISkeyboard . .

Typewriter

Keys

Function

Keys

Control

Keys . . . .

Text

Segment Keys

Display

Keys . . . .

Cursor

Keys

Number Keypad

Maintenance

Weekly

Cleaning

As

Necessary

. .

Service

. . . . .

Page

2-1
2-3

2-3

· . . .

2-4
2-6

2-6

. . . . .

2-8

· . . .

2-9

· • . .

2-9

. •

.•

.

2-12

·

2-13

. . . . .

2-14

·

2-15

·

2-17

·

2-18

• .

2-20

. .

2-22

·

2-24

·

2-25

·

2-26

·

2-28

·

2-29

·

2-32

·

2-33

·

2-35

• 2.J37

·

2-38

·

2-38

·

2-38

·

2-39

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)

Section

Title

Page

3 B 20

SOFTWARE

. . . . . . . . • . .

A

B

C

D

Key

Words . . . . . . . . . . • . . . .

3-1

Training

Exercises

Overview

. . . . . . . . . . .

3-3

Equipment

Required

. . . . . . . . . . • • .

3-5

Before

You

Start

This

Section

3-5

Executive

Level

Operation

. . . . .

3-6

Command

Forms

..

. . . . . . . . . .

3-6

Turning

Your

System

On

and

Off

• . •

3-10

Self-Diagnostic

Test

.

............•

3-11

System

Sign

On

and

Log Out . . . • . . . .

3-12

Help

. . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 3

-15

Set

Up

Files

.....................

3-16

Data

Organization

in

Your B 20 . . . . . . . . . . •

3-16

Volume,

Directory

and

File

Names

....•

3-17

Passwords

. . . . . . .

3-17

Set

Up

Files

Overview

. . . . . . . . .

3-19

Initialize

Volumes . . . . . . . • . . .

3-20

Create

Directories

. . . . . • . . •

3-25

Create

Files

. . . • . . . .

•.

........

3-27

Manage

Existing

Files

. . . . . . . . .

3-29

Check

the

Disk

Contents

.....

°3-30

List

the

File

Names . . . .

.•...

.

3-32

View a

File's

Contents.

.

...........

3-34

Copy

Files

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-35

Additional

Copy

Activities

. .

3-38

Change

the

Names . . . .

..

.....

3-39

Delete

Files

..

......•...•..

.

3-41

Print

Files

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •

3-42

Spooler

Status

.

.........

. •

3-42

Direct

Printing:

All

Workstations.

. . .

3-43

Spooled

Printing

. .

3-44

Archive

Files

. . . . . . . . . .

3-55

Initialize

Archive

Volumes . . .

..

3-56

Selective

Backup . . . . .

..

.

••......

3-58

Replace

Lost

or

Damaged

Files

3-59

APPENDIXES

. . . .

Error

Messages

. .

Executive

Commands

. .

Mass

Storage

Units

.

Glossary

of

Terms

INDEX

vii

A-I

B-1

C-1

D-1

1

Figure

1-1
1-2
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6

2-7

2-8

2-9
2-10
2-11
2-12

2-13

2-14

2-15

2-16

2-17

2-18

2-19

2-20

2-21

2-22

2-23

3-1

3-2

3-3

3-4

3-5

3-6

3-7

3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11

viii

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Title

Instructor

CAl:

Sample

Screen

....•••.

Instructor

CAl:

Table

1.

Recording

Surfaces

Burroughs

B

20

Workstations

. . . . • . . . • • . .

B

20

Disk

Drives.

. . • • • •

••

.

•.•.

Floppy

Disks

....•.•...

. . • .

Write

Tab

Applied

over

Notch

Inserting

B

25

Floppy

Disk

Inserting

B

21

Floppy

Disk

The

B

25

Kl/B20

Keyboard

• . . .

Typewriter

Keys

. . . . . •

Function

Keys

. • . . . . . . . .

Function

Key

Strip

(Sample)

.•...

Control

Keys

. • • . • . • •

Display

Keys

. • • • . . . •

Cursor

Keys

• • . . . • . •

Number

Keys

• • • . • • • •

The

OFISkeyboard

Typewriter

Keys

. . • • • • •

Function

Keys

. . . . . . • . . . . . .

Level

1

Function

Key

Display

(Sample)

•..••

Control

Keys

. • • • . . . . • .

Text

Segment

Keys

. .

Display

Keys

. . . .

Cursor

Keys

. . . . • • • •

Number

Keys

. .

On/Off

Switches

• . • • •

Reset

Buttons

. . • • . . . • . • •

Completed

SignOn

Form

(Sample)

.••••.

The

B

20

File

System

• • • . . . . • .

Completed

Ivolume

Form

(Dual

Floppy

Drive

Sample)

•

Ivolume

Completion

Message

(Winchester

B

20

Sample)

Completed

Create

Directory

Form

(Sample)

Completed

Create

File

Form

(Sample)

.•••

Volume

Status

(Sample)

.•..••....

Completed

Files

Form

and

Files

List

(Sample)

Completed

Copy

Form

(Winchester

System

Sample)

Page

1-6

1-13

2-5
2-7
2-8

2-9
2-10
2-11
2-14
2-15

2-17
2-17
2-18

2-20

2-22
2-24
2-25
2-26
2-28
2-28
2-29
2-32
2-33
2-35
2-37
3-10
3-11
3-14
3-17
3-21

3-23

3-26

3-28
3-31
3-33
3-36

Figure

3-12
3-13

3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-18
3-19
3-20
3-21
3-22
3-23
C-l

C-2
C-3

C-4

Table

1-1
3-1
3-2

3-3

3-4

3-5

B-1

B-2

B-3

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (CONT)

Title

Completed

Change

Volume

Name

Form

(Dual

Floppy

Drive

B

20

Sample)

• • • • . • • • •

•••

Completed

Rename

Form

(Sample)

•••.

•

•.•

Spooler

Status

Form

(Sample)

. • • • •

Spooler

Select

Printer

Form

• . . • • •

•••.

Spooler

Command

Form

(Sample)

• . •

••.

Completed

Spooler

Print

File

Form

(Sample)

Spooler

Command

Form

(Sample)

••••.••••••

Spooler

Command

Form

(sample)

••...••••••

Completed

Spooler

Delete

Print

Request

Form

(Sample)

Spooler

Command

Form

(Sample)

• • • • • • . •

••.

Completed

Ivolume

Form

for

Ivarchive

(Sample)

•

Completed

Selective

Backup

Form

(Sample)

.••••

Burroughs

B

22

Configuration

• • • • •

B

22

Disk

Drive

• • . • • •

On/Off

Switches

• • •

8-Inch

Floppy

Disk

• • • .

LIST OF TABLES

Title

Instruction

Block

Completion

Times

(Estimated)

Winchester

Disk

B

20

Commands

. • •

Dual

Floppy

Drive

B

20

Commands • • •

Volume,

Directory,

and

File

Labels

Printer

Types

• • • • . • • • . •

Spooler

Subcommands

. • • • • • . • • • • •

Commands

Used

In

This

Course

• • . • . • • •

Dual

Floppy

Drive

Standard

System

Commands • • • •

Winchester

Disk

Standard

System

Commands

Page

3-40
3-40
3-46
3-46
3-47
3-48
3-49
3-50

3-52
3-52
3-57
3-58

C-l

C-2

C-2

C-3

Page

1-7
3-7

3-8
3-18
3-44
3-53

B-1

B-4

B-5

ix

Introductjon

Welcome

to

B

20

Self-Paced

Operator

Training.

COURSE OVERVIEW

Self-paced

operator

training

for

B 20

systems

is

built

upon

a

training

diskette

and

two

instruction

manuals.

The two

manuals

support

the

on-line,

self-paced

presentations

and

describe

the

software

exercises

that

train

someone

to

operate

any

B 20

workstation.

The

course

focuses

on a

computer-assisted

instruction

(CAl)

course

called

Instructor

that

helps

you

learn

by

doing.

CAl

tutorials

do

not

ask

you

to

read

a

book

but

to

begin

using

your

system

right

away.

The

Instructor

program

consists

of:

•

display

pages

that

give

students

new

information

•

questions

that

help

them

measure

what

you

have

learned

• menus

that

let

them

select

the

topics

they

want

to

learn

Further,

Instructor

talks

equally

to

three

levels

of

viewers:

•

beginners

who

have

no

experience

using

computers

•

intermediates

who

have

some

hands-on

experience

•

advanced

users

who

know

other

computer

systems,

but

not

the

B 20

series

of

Burroughs

systems

xi

Introduction

COURSE

OBJECTIVES

The

purpose

of

this

course

is

to

train

B

20

workstation

operators

at

three

skill

levels

(beginner,

intermediate,

and

advanced)

as

efficiently

as

possible.

The

course

is

structured

to

address

three

levels

of

skill

through

computer-assisted

instruction

(CAl).

We

believe

that

CAl

is

an

excellent

medium

for

training

operators.

REQUIRED

REFERENCE

DOCUMENTS

Two

manuals

are

required

to

support

the

Instructor

program.

The

organization

of

each

manual

and

the

major

points

of

each

section

are

summarized

below:

xii

B

20 Operations: Learning to

Use

the System

•

Section

One:

The

Instructor

Program.

This

section

introduces

CAl

and

explains

the

organization

and

objectives

of

each

instruction

block.

•

Section

Two:

B

20

Hardware.

This

section

describes

the

correct

procedures

for

identifying

and

using

various

types

of

hardware

found

on

B

20

systems.

•

Section

Three:

B

20

Software.

This

section

provides

step-by-step

instructions·

for

using

B

20

system

commands

to

set

up

and

control

all

aspects

of

B

20

operations.

•

Appendixes.

Four

appendixes

are

provided

for

reference

during

or

after

the

course:

A.

An

alphabetical

list

(by

first

word)

of

error

messages

and

suggested

action

B.

An

alphabetical

list

of

commands

included

in

this

course

C.

A

description

of

the

mass

storage

unit

and

8-

inch

disks

for

the

B

22

Workstation

D.

An

alphabetical

list

of

terms

used

in

the

manual.

•

Index

Introduction

B

20

Operations: QUick Reference Guide

•

Section

1:

Hardware.

Figures

showing

various

B 20

configurations.

•

Section

2:

Setting

Up

Files.

Reference

to

all

commands

used

to

initialize

volumes,

create

directories,

and

open

files.

•

Section

3:

Managing

Existing

Files.

Summaries

of

commands

for

handling

files.

•

Section

4:

Printing

Files.

Summaries

on

direct

and

spooled

printing.

•

Section

5:

Archiving

Files.

Synopsis

of

archive

and

backup

processes.

•

Section

6:

Error

Messages.

Lists

system

error

messages

and

suggests

actions

to

correct

error.

•

Section

7:

Command

Index.

Alphabetical

listing

of

,

all

commands

discussed

in

this

guide.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCE

MANUALS

Additional

manuals

that

may

be

helpful

for

B 20

operations

are:

B

20

Systems Standard Software Operations Guide

B

20

Systems Custom Installation and Reference Manual

xiii

The

Instructor

Program

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER-ASSISTED INSTRUCTION

In

the

past,

new

operators

were

required

either

to

sit

with

experienced

system

operators

who

went

through

various

system

function

step-by-step

or

to

read

various

manuals

and

learn

by

their

mistakes.

The

Burroughs

Instructor

program

takes

the

place

of

both

the

experienced

operator

and

the

manuals,

since

it

provides

structured

hands-on

training

based

upon

system

documentation.

The

advantages

of

"on-line"

instruction

are

numerous:

•

Allows

students

to

learn

at

their

own

pace.

Students

may

take

whatever

time

is

they

need

to

view

or

re-view

the

material.

•

Meets

the

needs

of

both

experienced

and

novice

operators.
Because

of

sectional

organization

(beginning

to

advanced),

students

are

able

to

select

levels

appropriate

to

their

experience.

•

Instills

confidence

and

independence

in

new

operators.
Hands-on

experience

enables

users

to

become

comfortable

with

the

system

even

if

they

have

never

worked

on

a

computer

before.

By

directing

and

acknowledging

each

response,

the

system

encourages

advancement

among

novice

users.

•

Provides

simultaneous

training

for

as

many

operators

as

there

are

workstations

available.

All

you

need

are

installed

copies

of

the

Instructor

program

on

whatever

B

20

workstations

are

available

to

be

used

for

training.

Clustered

workstations

can

operate

off

the

single

master

copy

of

Instructor.

1-1

The

Instructor

Program

1-2

•

Familiarizes

users

with

reference

materials.

During

training,

operators

will

use

two

B

20

Operations

manuals:

Learning to

Use

the System

Quick Reference Guide

When

computer-assisted

train'ing

has

been

completed,

operators

can

use

these

and

other

Burroughs

manuals

to

review

procedures

covered

in

the

CAlor

to

expand

their

knowledge

of

the

B

20.

•

Allows

production

work

and

training

to

exist

on

the

same

clustered

system.

The

Instructor

program

can

increase

productivity

by

keeping

your

experienced

operators

at

their

jobs

while

at

the

same

time

new

operators

get

systematic,

standardized,

and,

we

hope,

comprehensive

instruction.

The

Instructor

Progr~

PROGRAM MATERIALS

The

Burroughs

Instructor

program

consists

of

two

training

diskettes

and

two

required

supporting

manuals.

Required Training Materials

•

Instructor

CAl

Learning

Disk

(10[2)

•

Instructor

CAl

Learning

Disk

(20[2)

• B 20 Operations: Learning to

Use

the System

• B

20

Operations:

QUick

Reference Guide

Suggested Reference Materials

• B

20

Standard Software Operations Guide

• B

20

Systems Custom Installation and Reference

Manual

1-3

The

Instructor

Program

ROLE

OF

COURSE ADMINISTRATOR

Preparation

As a course

administrator,

you

should

make

the

following

preparations

before

conducting

the

Instructor

training

program.

1-4

•

Read

Section

1

of

this

manual

in

order

to

understand

the

overall

flow

of

the

instruction

blocks

and

the

specific

objectives

of

each

lesson.

•

Preview

Instructor.

At

the

very

least,

you

should

look

at

Instruction

Block

1,

Introduction,

to

familiarize

yourself

with

the

basic

concepts

of

this

program.

Previewing

the

diskette

will

help

you

answer

questions

and

provide

assistance

to

novice

operators

going

through

on-line

training.

•

Set

up

the

workstation(s)

as

described

in

Workstation

Set

Up

so

that

students

can

begin

on

their

own

whenever

they

are

ready.

Be

sure

to

remove

Learning

Disk

2

as

directed.

•

Ensure

that

the

required

training

manuals

(see

Required

Training

Materials)

are

present

at

the

workstation.

The

suggested

reference

manuals

(see

Suggested

Reference

Materials)

should

also

be

within

easy

reach

of

the

student(s).

•

Require

all

students

to

read

GUIDELINES

FOR

STUDENTS

and

know

where

the

LIST

OF

FRAMES

display

is

located.

(Both

are

located

in

section

one

of

this

manual.

)

The

Instructor

Program

Workstation

Set

Up

The

following

procedures

should

be

followed

to

prepare

your

sy.stem

for

the

Instructor

program.

Your

operating

system

(BTOS)

software

should

be

installed

and

you

should

be

signed

on

to

the

Executive.

1.

Set

your

path

by

entering:

[Volume]

by

entering:

<Directory>

enter:

path

(press

RETURN)

fO

(press

RETURN)

sys

(press

GO)

2.

Install

Instructor

CAl

software

by

mounting

Learning

Disk

1

(1

of

2)

in

floppy

disk

drive

zero

and

using

the

software

installation

command:

Enter:

software

installation

(press

GO)

(can

be

abbreviated:

s

i)

3.

Remove

Disk

1

and

mount

Learning

Disk

2

(2

of

2)

in

floppy

disk

drive

zero.

Use

the

software

installation

command

again:

Enter:

software

installation

(press

GO)

(can

be

abbreviated:

s

i)

4.

Change

your

path

to

the

Educator

directory

by

entering:

path

(press

RETURN)

[Volume]:

sys

(press

RETURN)

<Directory>:

educator

(press

GO)

5.

Use

the

Run

File

command

to

execute

Instructor

by

entering:

run

file

(press

RETURN)

[File

Name]

instructor

(press

GO)

6.

The

first

frame

of

the

Instructor

program

(Frame

10)

will

appear

on

the

workstation

screen,

as

illustrated

in

Fig

l~l.

If

Fram~

10

does

not

appear

on

your

screen,

repeat

steps

4

and

5.

7.

Remove

Learning

Disk

2

from

floppy

disk

drive

zero

and

store

in

a

safe

place.

NOTE

Learning

Disk

2

is

required

for

Instruction

Blocks

6

and

7.

Mount

Disk

2

in

a

floppy

disk

drive

at

that

time.

1-5

The

Instructor

Program

1-6

INSTRUCTOR

Relative

to

5.0

Release

of

BTOS

INSTRUCTIONS

ARE

ALWAYS

HIGHLIGHTED

AT

THE

BOTTOM

OF

PAGE

Figure

1-1.

Instructor

CAl

Sample

Screen

The

Instructor

Program

Training

Time

Estimates

Although

all

students

work

at

their

own

pace,

the

following

time

estimates

will

give

you

a

general

idea

of

how

long

each

instruction

block

should

take.

Keep

in

mind

that

this

prog~am

is

geared

toward

several

levels

of

computer

knowledge

and

rates

of

learning.

Thus,

it

is

important

to

give

students

sufficient

time

to

review

and

test

their

knowledge.

The

times

required

to

complete

each

instruction

block

are

estimated

in

Table

1-1.

Table

1-1.

Instruction

Block

Completion

Times

Instruction

Block

1

30

minutes

Instruction

Block

2

60

minutes

Instruction

Block

3

60

minutes

Instruction

Block

4

60

minutes

Instruction

Block

5

30

minutes

Instruction

Block

6

30

minutes

Instruction

Block

7

45

minutes

Our

rule-of-thumb

estimate

is

that

each

lesson

should

take

about

15

minutes.

Instruction

Block

2,

for

example,

contains

four

lessons.

1-7

The

Instructor

Program

The Course Administrator's Role During Training

During

the

time

that

students

are

running

the

Instructor

program,

course

administrators

should

assist

them

only

when

necessary.

You

should:

•

Allow

students

to

solve

problems

and

discover

ways

of

working

with

the

system

•

Provide

assistance

only

after

students

have

made

sufficient

efforts

on

their

own.

The Course Administrator's Role After Training

After

students

have

completed

their

work

sessions

in

the

Instructor

program,

you

should

reinforce

what

they

have

learned

by:

1-8

•

Allowing

them

the

system

time

to

practice

the

new

skills

that

they

have

just

learned

•

Informing

them

of

any

office

procedures

involving

your

B

20

systems,

such

as

when

to

power

their

workstations

down

or

types

of

file

names

to

use.

The

Instructor

Progr~

KEYWORDS

The

following

terms

are

used

throughout

this

section.

You

may

already

be

familiar

with

some

of

them.

Review

them

now

and

refer

back

to

them

if

necessary

during

this

course.

(They

are

also

included

alphabetically

in

appendix

D,

Glossary

of

Terms.)

Branching

Frame

Instruction

Block

Menu

Tutorial

The

flow

of

frames

within

a

program

(also

called

paths).

Each

path

from a decision

point

is

called

a

branch.

One

screen

display

of

information

on a

workstation

terminal.

Frames

are

numbered

so

that

students

can

estimate

their

progress

in

a

lesson

or

an

instruction

block.

A

series

of

lessons

organized

around

a

particular

topic

or

set

of

skills.

A

list

of

choices

where

the

choice

is

usually

made by

pressing

one

key

on

the

keyboard.

A

training

program,

such

as

the

Instructor,

composed

of

modules

designed

to

produce

definable,

practical

results.

Often,

the

training

documents

contain

materials

that

can

be

used

as

reference

to

newly

trained

students.

1-9

The

Instructor

Program

PREVIEW OF INSTRUCTION BLOCKS

Instruction Block

1:

Introduction

Overview

This

first

instruction

block

introduces

students

to

computer-

assisted

instruction.

It

briefly

explores

some

theories

of

learning

and

the

role

the

Instructor

program

plays

in

the

learning

process.

Instruction

Block

1

can

be

'divided

into

the

following

sections:

Lesson

1:

Getting

started

a.

What

Is

Instructor?

b.

Setting

Your

Own

Pace

c.

Further

Path

Options

Lesson

2:

The

Learning

Environment
Review
Option:

Advanced

Exercises

and

Concepts

Objectives

Upon

completion

of

this

instruction

block,

all

students

will

be

able

to:

•

Understand

what

makes

up a good

learning

environment

•

Use

the

PREV

PAGE

and

NEXT

PAGE

to

move

around

within

the

Instructor

program

•

Use

menu

options

to

make

selections

of

learning

paths

•

Use

the

GO

key

to

change

(interrupt)

a

learning

path

if

a

change

of

direction

is

desired

Intermediate

and

advanced

operators

will

be

shown

some

system

functions

that

will

increase

their

productivity

and

efficiency.

1-10

The

Instructor

Program

Instruction

Block 2: Non-Technical

Definitions

Overview

This

instruction

block

introduces

students

to

basic

hardware

and

software

devices

and

terms.

It

explains

the

basic

structure

of

the

computer

system

and

how

each

part

of

the

system

interacts

to

store

and

use

information.

Instruction

Block

2

can

be

divided

into

the

following

sections:

Lesson

1:

Hardware

Concepts

a.

Your

Workstation

as

a

Machine

b.

Useful

Things

Your

Workstation

Can

Do

c.

Magnetic

Recording

Surfaces

Lesson

2:

Definitions

of

Hardware

Terms

a.

Your

Workstation's

Parts

b.

Screen

Terminology

c.

Keyboard

Terminology

d.

Disk

Terminology

e.

Printer

Terminology

f.

Lights

and

Indicators

Lesson

3:

Software

Concepts

a.

Operating

Systems

b.

Jobs

c.

Files

d.

Security

Lesson

4:

Software

Definitions

a.

operating

System

Terminology

1)

Screen

Terminology

2)

Command

Terminology

-

Parameters

-

Defaults

3)

Job

Concepts

-

Realtime

Jobs

-

Batch

Jobs

-

Spooled

Jobs

1-11

The

Instructor

Program

Objectives

Operating

b.

c.

d.

e.

System

Terminology

(Cont.)

File

structure

1)

File

Naming

Concepts

2)

File

Manipulation

3)

Archiving

Process

Initialization

1)

For

Use

of

Winchester

Disks

2)

For

Use

of

Floppy

Disks

security

1)

File

Level

2)

Directory

Level

3)

Volume

Level

Review

of

Lesson

2

Upon

completion

of

this

instruction

block,

operators

will

be

able

to:

1-12

•

Recognize

the

various

parts

of

a

computer

system

•

Understand

the

differences

in

the

storage

capacities

of

various

recording

surfaces

•

Understand

the

functions

of

a

computer

keyboard

and

screen

•

Locate

and

define

each

section

of

the

keyboard

•

Distinguish

between

the

two

types

of

disks

and

explain

their

function

in

the

system

•

Recognize

the

parts

of

a

printer

•

Explain

what

operating

systems

are

•

Define

programs,

commands,

and

files

•

List

the

different

levels

of

security

and

their

purpose

The

Instructor

Program

Comparison Chart

Instructor

CAl

Table

1

is

used

to

compare

different

recording

surfaces

and

shown

here

for

the

student's

convenience.

Instructor

CAl

Table

1.

Recording

Surfaces

Type

Typewritten

Page

Phonograph

Record

Magnetic

or

Cassette

Tape

Videotape

CRT

Screen

&

Keyboard

Disk

Record

Speed/Method

Slow:

mechanical

and

prone

to

human

error

Slow:

mechanical--

sound

on

wax

surface

Fast:

data

or

sound

on

electromagnetic

surface

Fast:

light

on

magnetic

surface

Slow:

electro-

mechanical,

but

prone

to

human

error

Fast:

electromagnetic

under

machine

control

Access/Display
Slow:

search

in

sequence

Slow:

search

in

sequence

Slow:

search

in

sequence

Slow:

search

in

sequence

Fast:

realtime

search

Fast:

random

search/access

Reuse

No

No

yIN

yIN

Yes

yIN

Figure

1-2.

Instructor

CAl

Table

1:

Recording

Surfaces

Perm

Yes

Yes

Yes

yIN

No

yIN

1-13

The

Instructor

Program

Instruction Block 3: B 20 System Hardware

Overview

This

instruction

block

provides

detailed

definitions

and

descriptions

of

the

B

20

system

hardware,

including

workstation

terminals

and

keyboards,

disks,

and

printer

types.

Instruction

Block

3

can

be

divided

into

the

following

sections:

Lesson

1:

Models

of

B

20

Workstations

Lesson

2:

Workstation

Terminals

Lesson

3:

Workstation

Keyboards

a.

Typewriter

Pad

b.

Screen

Control

Pad

c.

System

Control

Pad

d.

Cursor

Control

Pad

e.

Number

Pad

f.

Function

Key

Pad

Lesson

4:

Disk

Subsystem

a.

Floppy

Diskettes

b.

Winchester

Disk

Lesson

5:

Printer

(Option)

Models

a.

Serial

Printers

b.

Parallel

Printers

Review

of

Introduction

to

Workstation

Hardware

Objectives

Upon

completion

of

this

instruction

block,

operators

will

be

able

to:

•

Recognize

different

workstation

models

and

their

purpose

•

Understand

what

a

CRT

terminal

is

used

for

and

how

•

Recognize

different

keyboard

models

•

Define

and

use

each

section

of

a

keyboard

•

Define

and

use

floppy

and

Winchester

disks

•

Recognize

the

different

types

of

optional

printers

1-14

The

Instructor

Program

Instruction Block

4:

B 20 System Software

Overview

This

instruction

block

provides

detailed

definitions

and

descriptions

of

the

B

20

system

software,

including

the

operating

system

and

command

manager.

It

explains

how

to

use

commands

to

initialize

disks,

create

and

manipulate

files,

and

maintain

system

security.

Instruction

Block

4

can

be

divided

into

the

following

sections:

Lesson

1:

Your

Operating

System

Lesson

2:

Command

Manager

a.

Sign

On/Log

Off

b.

Date

and

Time

c.

Password

d.

Help

Process

Lesson

3:

Commands

a.

Parameters

b.

Defaults

c.

Command

List

d.

Function

Keys

Lesson

4:

Initialization

a.

Floppy

Diskettes

b.

Winchester

Disks

Lesson

5:

File

Handling

a.

Volume

b.

Directory

c.

Name

1)

Prefix

2)

Suffix

3)

Wild

Card

Review

of

Introduction

to

Software

1-15

The

Instructor

Program

Objectives

Upon

completion

of

this

instruction

block,

operators

will

be

able

to

understand

the

functions

and

purpose

of

the

following

B

20

software

terms:

• B

20

Operating

System

•

Sign-on

Structures

-

user

name

-

password

-

date

and

time

• HELP

Function

•

System

Commands

-

default

values

-

variable

entries

•

Disk

Initialization

and

Archive

Process

•

System

Security

1-16

The

Instructor

Program

Instruction Block 5: System (Intermediate) Training

Overview

This

instruction

block

covers

the

B

20

system-level

skills

required

of

an

operator.

Intermediate-level

operator

training

is

currently

conducted

in

section

three

of

this

manual.

Instruct

your

students

to

read

that

section

and

to

perform

the

exercises

recommended

in

section

three

of

Learning to

Use

the System.

Instruction

Block

5

can

be

divided

into

the

following

lessons:

Lesson

1:

Executive

Level

Operation

a.

Command

Forms

b.

Turning

Your

System

On

and

Off

c.

Exercise

1 -

System

Sign

On

and

Log

Out

d.

Exercise

2 -

Help

Lesson

2:

Set

Up

Files

a.

Data

Organization

in

Your

B

20

b.

Set

Up

Files

Overview

c.

Exercise

3 -

Initialize

Volumes

Lesson

3:

Set

Up

Files

Continued

a.

Exercise

4 -

Create

Directories

b.

Exercise

5 -

Create

Files

Objectives

After

completing

the

exercises

in

section

three

of

Learning to

Use

the System,

intermediate-level

operators

will

be

able

to:

•

Work

within

the

executive

level

of

the

B

20

system

•

Use

the

command

manager

to

sign

on

and

log

off

the

system

•

Use

the

Help

function

•

Initialize

floppy

disks

•

Create

new

files,

directories

and

file

names

1-17

The

Instructor

Program

Instruction Block

6:

File Management Training

Overview

This

instruction

block

covers

the

B

20

system-level

skills

required

of

an

operator.

Intermediate

level

operators

should

continue

their

system-level

training

in

section

three

of

this

manual.

Perform

the

exercises

recommended

section

three

of

their

manual

Learning to

Use

the System.

Instruction

Block

6

can

be

divided

into

the

following

lessons:

Lesson

1:

Locate

Existing

Files

a.

Exercise

1

-

Check

the

Disk

Contents

b.

Exercise

2 -

List

the

File

Names

c.

Exercise

3

-

View

a

File's

Contents

Lesson

2:

Copy

Existing

Files

a.

Exercise

4 -

Copy

Files

b.

Additional

Copy

Activities

Lesson

3:

Changing

Existing

Files

a.

Exercise

5

-

Change

Names

b.

Exercise

6

-

Delete

Files

Objectives

Upon

completion

of

Instruction

Block

6

and

the

corresponding

exercises

in

section

3,

operators

will

be

able

to:

•

Check

disk

and

file

contents

•

Copy,

change

and

delete

files

1-18

The

Instructor

Program

Instruction Block 7: Print and Archive Training

Overview

This

instruction

block

covers

the

B

20

system-level

skills

required

of

an

operator.

Intermediate

level

operators

should

continue

their

system-level

training

in

section

three

of

this

manual.

Perform

the

exercises

recommended

in

section

three

of

Learning to

Use

the System.

Instruction

Block

7

can

be

divided

into

the

following

lessons:

Lesson

1:

Print

Files

a.

Exercise

1 -

Direct

Printing

b.

Exercise

2 -

Spooled

Printing

Lesson

2:

Archive

Files

a.

Exercise

3 -

Initialize

Archive

Volumes

b.

Exercise

4 -

Selective

Backup

c.

Exercise

5 -

Replace

Lost

or

Damaged

Files

Objectives

Upon

completion

of

Instruction

Block

7

and

the

corresponding

exercises

in

section

3,

operators

will

be

able

to:

•

Print

and

spool

files

•

Archive,

backup

and

restore

files

1-19

The

Instructor

Program

GUIDELINES FOR STUDENTS

The

following

suggestions

should

help

you

get

the

most

out

of

your

computer-assisted

instruction:

1-20

•

Complete

each

section

in

the

order

presented,

on

your

first

time

through.

If

you

are

an

intermediate

or

advanced

student,

you

may

choose

to

skip

the

instruction

blocks

one

through

four

that

deal

with

basic

concepts.

You

will

want

to

review

those

sections,

however,

if

you

are

involved

with

training

new

operators.

•

Review

lessons

or

procedures

that

you

do

not

understand.

Do

not

be

discouraged

if

you

do

not

fully

understand

a

particular

lesson

at

first

or

have

difficulty

performing

an

exercise

your

first

time

through

a

lesson.

•

Perform

each

step

of

the

Instructor

program

to

your

best

ability;

complete

understanding

and

skill

will

corne

with

practice

and

review

of

the

documentation

that

came

with

your

system.

•

Keep

this

manual

and

your

quick

reference

guide

handy

since

occasionally,

during

the

course

of

the

program,

you

will

be

asked

to

refer

to

sections

of

those

manuals.

Once

you

are

comfortable

with

the

basic

operations

of

the

system,

your

quick

reference

guide

should

be

sufficient

today

to

refresh

your

memory

on

the

syntax

of

the

command

you

fully

understood

yesterday.
Required

texts

for

this

course

are:

B

20

Operations: Learning to

Use

the System

B

20

Operations: Quick Reference Guide

The

Instructor

Program

LIST OF FRAMES

Use

this

listing

as

a

guide

to

tell

you

where

you

are

in

the

lesson.

Instructor

will

show

the

number

of

the

current

frame

in

the

lower

left-hand

corner.

Most

frames

increment

by

10.

Title

Frame

Numbers

INSTRUCTION

BLOCK

1:

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Lesson

1:

Getting

Started

Lesson

2:

The

Learning

Environment

Review:

Introduction

to

Instructor

Advanced

Exercises

and

Concepts

INSTRUCTION

BLOCK

2:

NON-TECHNICAL

Main

Menu

Introduction

Lesson

1:

Hardware

Concepts

Lesson

2:

Hardware

Terminology

Lesson

3 :

Software

Concepts

Lesson

4:

Software

Terminology

Review

of

Instruction

Block

2

INSTRUCTION

BLOCK

3:

B

20

SYSTEMS

Menu
Lesson

1 :

Models

of

B

20

Workstations

Lesson

2:

Workstation

Terminals

Lesson

3:

Workstation

Keyboards

Lesson

4:

Disk

Subsystems

Lesson

5:

Printer

(Option)

Models

Review

of

Instruction

Block

3

10

through

100

110

through

220

300

through

380

400

through

500

600

throug~

670

DEFINITIONS

Frame

900

1000

through

1050

1100

through

1190

1200

through

1290

1300

through

1390

1400

through

15~0

1600

through

1690

HARDWARE

Frame

2000

2100

through

2130

2200

through

2210

2300

through

2380

2400

through

2420

2500

through

2530

Frame*2900

1-21

,"'

The

Instructor

Program

Title

Frame

Numbers

INSTRUCTION

BLOCK

4:

B

20

SYSTEMS

SOFTWARE

Menu
Lesson

1:

Your

Operating

System

Lesson

2:

The

Executive

Lesson

3:

Commands

Lesson

4:

Initialization

Lesson

5:

File

Handling

Lesson

6:

Security

Review

of

Instruction

Block

4

Review:

Summaries

and

Quizzes

Only

Return

to

Advanced

Exercise

1

Exit

to

Instruction

Blocks

5

Through

7

3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
3700

Frame

3000

through

3150

through

3240

through

3350

through

3420

through

3680

through

374~,

Frame

3800

Frame

4100

Frame

650

Frame

5000

B 20

Hardware

KEYWORDS

The

following

terms

are

used

in

the

Instructor

CAl

program

and

in

this

manual.

They

are

listed

below

in

the

order

in

which

they

appear

within

the

Instructor

CAl

program.

You

may

already

be

familiar

with

some

of

the

terms.

Review them

now

and

refer

back

to

them

as

necessary.

They

are

also

listed

alphabetically

in

Appendix

D,

Glossary

of

Terms,

of

this

manual.

Hardware

Software

Disks

Floppy

Disks

Write

Enable

Write

Protect

The

physical

parts

of

a

computer

(keyboard,

screen,

disk

drive

units)

are

called

hardware.

A

computer's

operating

instructions

and

programs

are

called

software.

Disks

are

recording

devices

that

use

magnetic

surfaces

to

store

information.

The

information

stored

on

disks

includes

system

software

(B

20

operating

instructions),

your

B 20

files,

and B 20

programs

(optional

software).

Floppy

Disks

are

thin

flexible

disks

covered

with

magnetic

recording

material.

Your B 20

uses

one

of

the

following

sizes

of

floppy

disks:

•

5-1/4

inch

•

8-inch

All

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disks

contain

a

notch

on one

side

called

a

Write

Enable

Notch

that

determines

whether

the

contents

of

a

disk

can

be

changed

or

deleted.

All

8-inch

floppy

disks

contain

a

notch

on

one

side

called

a

Write

Protect

Notch

that

determines

whether

the

contents

of a disk

can

be

changed

or

deleted.

2-1

B

20

Hardware

Winchester

Disk

Disk

Drive

Indicator

Lights

Keyboard

Cursor

Printer

2-2

A

Winchester

disk

is

a

hard

disk

inside

some B 20s.

This

disk

is

not

removable

except

by

Burroughs

service

technicians.

The

disk

drive

is

the

piece

of

hardware

that

saves

the

information

you

enter

into

the

computer

for

your

future

retrieval

and

use.

There

are

two

basic

types

of

disk

drives:

dual

floppy

and

hard

disk

drive

(also

called

a

Winchester

disk

drive).

The

small

red

lights

adjacent

to

the

disk

drives

are

called

indicator

lights.

These

lights

go

on

when

the

disk

is

in

use.

The

B

20

keyboard

is

much

like

a

typewriter.

It

is

used

to

enter

information

into

your

computer.

The

cursor

is

a

flashing

line

that

marks

the

position

of

your

next

entry.

If

you

type

a

character,

it

appears

in

that

place.

A

printer

allows

you

to

obtain

a

hard

copy

of

information

stored

on

the

computer

(documents,

files,

programs).

B

20

Hardware

HARDWARE OVERVIEW

This

section

describes

your

B

20

hardware

and

provides

step-by-

step

instructions

for

inserting

and

removing

floppy

disks.

When

you

complete

the

section,

you

should

be

familiar

with:

•

the

different

models

of

B

20

workstations

•

your

B

20

keyboard

•

the

B

20

screen

and

how

to

adjust

it

•

the

proper

handling

of

floppy

disks

•

types

of

optional

printers

Your Workstation

Your

B

20

is

one

of

a

family

of

computers

that

can

perform

as

standalone

(independent)

systems

or

as

clustered

(linked)

systems.

B

20s

come

in

different

models,

as

shown

in

figure

2-1.

Look

at

your

B

20

and

compare

it

to

those

shown.

NOTE

If

you

have

a B

20

that

uses

a-inch

disks

(B

22),

refer

to

Appendix

C

for

the

hardware

configuration.

2-3

B

20

Hardware

Equipment Required

You

must

have

the

following

equipment

at

your

workstation:

• a B

20

computer

• a

floppy

disk

2-4

COMPONENTS

This

B

20

(B

25)

is

a

clustered

workstation

with

no

local

file

storage

(no

floppy

disk

and

no

Winchester

disk.)

The

processor

is

inside

the

table-top

unit.

This

B

20

(B

25)

has

a

single

floppy

drive

that

uses

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disks.

The

processor;

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disk

drive;

Winchester

disk

and

drive

are

inside

the

table-top

drive

unit.

This

B

20

(B

25)

has

a

dual

floppy

drive

that

uses

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disks.

The

processor

and

dual

floppy

drives

are

inside

the

table-

top

drive

unit.

This

B

20

(B

21)

has

a

single

floppy

disk

drive

that

uses

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disks.

The

processor,

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disk

drive;

Winchester

disk

and

drive

are

inside

the

lectern.

B

20

Hardware

TABLE·TOP

UNIT

[]

TABLE·TOP

DRIVE

UNIT

IJI~IrR)

0:

@

t=:====r=IfI.~'I--

KEYBOARD

TABLE·TOP

DRIVE

UNIT

,

(DUAL

FL

OPPY)

IT

J

I~

1<;:1

Figure

2-1.

Burroughs

B

20

Workstations

2-5

B

20

Hardware

SCREEN

You

can

adjust

your

B

20

screen

in

two

ways:

•

Location.

You

can

tilt

your

B

20

screen

up

or

down

and

turn

it

right

or

left.

Use

both

hands

to

move

the

screen

to

a

comfortable

position.

•

Brightness.

The

brightness

control

is

located

under

the

screen

on

the

left

side

(as

you

face

the

screen).

Rotate

the

control

toward

you

to

increase

brightness.

B 20 DISKS

AND

DISK DRIVES

B

20

workstations

with

floppy

disk

drives

use

either

5-1/4

inch

or

a-inch

floppy

disks

depending

on

the

drive

unit.

Insertion

and

removal

instructions

also

differ

by

unit.

The

B .21

and

B

25

disk

drives

are

illustrated

in

figure

2-2.

Both

of

these

drives

use

5-1/4

inch

disks.

The

B

22

disk

drive

is

illustrated

in

Appendix

C,

Figure

C-2.

This

drive

uses

a-inch

disks.

2-6

B 25

B

21

B

20

Hardware

FLOPPY

DISK

DRIVES

FLOPPY

DISK

DRIVE

PROCESSOR

INDICATOR

LIGHT

FLOPPY

DISK

INDICATOR

LIGHT

DISK

POWER

DISK

DRIVE

INDICATOR

LIGHT

FLOPPY

DISK

PROCESSOR

INDICATOR

LIGHT

DOOR

HANDLE

FLOPPY

DISK

INDICATOR

LIGHT

WINCHESTER

DISK

INDICATOR

LIGHT

DISK

DRIVE

TAB

DRIVE

-~~~~~ii~~~~~ii~~~--

FLOPPY

DISK

WINCHESTER

DISK

INDICATOR

LIGHT

INDICATOR

LIGHT

1/

Figure

2-2.

B

20

Disk

Drives

2-7

B

20

Hardware

Handling Floppy Disks

Figure

2-3

illustrates

the

two

types

of

floppy

disks

(5-1/4

inch

and

8-inch).

When

handling

floppy

disks:

•

Grasp

only

the

label

area.

Do

not

touch

exposed

magnetic

material.

(See

figure

2-3.)

•

Store

floppy

disks

upright

in

dust

covers.

Keep

them

out

of

direct

sunlight,

away

from

magnetic

material,

and

in

a

dry

area

at

normal

room

temperature.

•

Do

not

use

floppy

disks

that

have

recently

been

in

a

hot

or

cold

environment.

Wait

for

them

to

adjust

to

room

tempera

ture

•

•

Write

on

floppy

disk

labels

before

attaching

them

to

the

floppy

disks.

Writing

directly

on

a

floppy

disk

can

damage

the

magnetic

material

(and

your

data).

• Do

not

fasten

paper

clips

to

the

floppy

disks.

LABEL
AREA

DUST
COVER

PROTEC-

TIVE PAPER
COVER

2-8

I

....

-..-----

8 inch

------i

..

~1

LABEL

EXPOSED AREA

H-------.,;~MAGNETIC

MATERIAL

WRITE
PROTECT
NOTCH

DUST­COVER

PROTEC­TIVE PAPER
COVER

WRITE

~

__

,~

________

~~--ENABLE

NOTCH

Figure

2-3.

Floppy

Disks

B

20

Hardware

The Write Enable Notch

If

you

have

a B

22,

refer

to

Appendix

C,

Figure

C-4

for

an

explanation

of

the

Write

Protect

Notch.

The

5-1/4

inch

floppy

disks

used

on

B

25s

and

B

21s

have

a

notch

on

them

that

determines

whether

or

not

information

can

be

changed.

When

the

notch

is

visible

as

shown

in

Figure

2-3,

the

diskette

is

"write

enabled"

and

the

contents

can

be

changed.

When

the

notch

is

covered

with

a

write

tab

(as

showQ

in

Figure

2-4),

you

cannot

add

to

or

change

information

on

the

floppy

disk;

the

floppy

disk

contents

are

therefore

protected.

PROTEC­TIVE PAPER
COVER

WRITE TAB

Figure

2-4.

Write

Tab

Applied

Over

Notch

I nserti ng Floppy Disks

NOTE

Your

workstation

should

be

turned

on

before

you

insert

a

floppy

disk.

Refer

to

turn

on

instructions

in

Section

3,

if

necessary.

To

tlt4ul(l)@!

Never

open

a

drive

door

(or

tab)

when

the

indicator

lights

are

on.

Damage

to

the

disk

or

drive

could

result.

insert

a

floppy

disk,

refer

to

the

following

figures:

B

25

procedures

are

described

and

shown

in

Figure

2-5.

B

21

procedures

are

described

and

shown

in

Figure

2-6.

B

22

procedures

are

described

and

shown

in

Appendix

C,

Figure

C-5.

2-9

B 20

Hardware

1.

Remove

the

floppy

disk

from

its

dust

cover.

2.

Open

the

floppy

disk

drive

door

by

pressing

the

release

latch.

0:

rMI-+-

....

-

RE

LEASE

3.

4.

2-10

Position

the

floppy

disk

as

illustrated,

then

slide

the

floppy

disk

into

the

drive

until

it

stops.

The

floppy

disk

label

must

face

the

door

handle.

If

you

insert

the

floppy

disk

properly,

it

will

not

come

out

when

you

release

it.

Close

the

floppy

disk

drive

door

by

sliding

the

door

handle

to

the

left

until

you

hear

a

click.

The

door

should

remain

closed.

(The

door

must

be

closed

for

your

B 25

to

use

the

floppy

disk.)

0:

Step

2

DOOR

.....-ill++-

...

HANDLE

Step

3

Step

4

Figure

2-5.

Inserting

B 25

floppy

disk.

LATCH

DOOR

HANDLE

B

20

Hardware

1.

Remove

the

floppy

disk

from

its

dust

cover.

2.

Open

the

floppy

disk

drive

door

as

illustrated.

Press

down

on

the

back

part

of

the

tab.

3.

Position

the

floppy

disk

as

illustrated,

then

slide

the

disk

into

the

drive

until

it

stops.

The

floppy

disk

label

should

be

facing

away

from

you.

4.

Close

the

floppy

disk

drive

door

as

illustrated

(the

door

must

be

closed

for

your

B 21

to

use

the

floppy

disk.

Pull

the

tab

forward.

If

you

have

inserted

the

floppy

disk

properly,

the

tab

closes

easily.

Step

2

Step

3

Step

4

Figure

2-6.

Inserting

B

21

floppy

disk.

2-11

B

20

Hardware

Removing Floppy Disks

lf4ul[.)~1

Never

open a drive

door

(or

tab)

when

the

indicator

lights

are

on.

This

could

damage

the

disk

or

the

drive.

To

remove a

floppy

disk,

proceed

as

follows:

B 25

1.

Open

the

floppy

disk

drive

door

(Figure

2-5,

step

2).

The

floppy

disk

comes

partially

out

when

you

open

the

door.

2.

Grasp

the

floppy

disk

and

slide

it

out

of

the

floppy

disk

drive.

3.

Close

the

drive

door.

Store

the

floppy

disk

in

its

dust

cover.

B 21

NOTE

When

the

floppy

disk

drive

on

your

B 25

is

not

in

use,

keep

the

disk

drive

door

shut.

1.

Open

the

floppy

disk

drive

tab

(Figure

2-6,

step

2).

2.

Grasp

the

floppy

disk

and

slide

it

out

of

the

floppy

disk

drive.

3.

Leave

the tab

open.

Store

the

floppy

disk

in

its

dust

cover.

B 22

NOTE

When

the

floppy

disk

drive

on

your

B 21

is

not

in

use,

leave

the

floppy

disk

drive

tab

in

the

open

position.

Refer

to

Appendix

C, Removing

Floppy

Disks.

2-12

B

20

Hardware

THE

KEYBOARD

You

use

your

B

20

keyboard

to:

•

enter

data

•

control

B

20

operations

The

keyboard

is

movable;

its

placement

is

limited

by

the

length

of

the

cable

that

connects

it

to

your

B

20.

There

are

two

types

of

B

20

keyboards:

• B

25

Kl/B

20

keyboards

•

OFIS™

keyboard

(also

called

the

OW25-0K

or

OK

keyboard)

NOTE

The

text

that

follows

deals

with

the

B

25

Kl/B

20

keyboards

(illustrated

in

figure

2-7).

If

your

keyboard

does

not

look

like

the

one

in

figure

2-7,

refer

to

the

explanation

of

the

OFISkeyboard

later

in

this

section.

2-13

B

20

Hardware

B 25 K1/B 20 Keyboards

The

98

keys

can

be

divided

into

six

groups

as

shown

in

figure

2-7.

Some

keys

(particularly

function

keys)

operate

differently

depending

on

the

program

you

are

using.

For

example,

when

you

perform

word

processing,

they

control

word

processlng

operations.

The

manuals

that

are

supplied

with

each

of

these

programs

describe

how

the

function

keys

are

to

be

used.

FUNCTION

KEYS

DISPLAY

~~~~~~~~~~~

•••

I=~~~=t-"t--

CURSOR

KEYS

--~I~~

KEYS

CONTROL

KEYS

2-14

TYPEWRITER KEYS

Figure

2-7.

The

B

25

Kl

/B20

Keyboard

NUMBER

KEYS

B

20

Hardware

Typewriter Keys

Your

B

25

Kl/B

20

keyboard

has

a

standard

set

of

typewriter

keys

as

shown

in

figure

2-8.

8GB]

Figure

2-8.

Typewriter

Keys

~

~

rr-

7

: I

rr:-

".'

.~

te:-

1

~_

!

~

j

These

keys

allow

you

to

enter

characters

(letters,

numbers,

punctuation

marks,

and

symbols).

The

keys

that

differ

from

standard

typewriter

keys

are:

SHIFT

works

just

as

it

does

on

a

typewriter.

However:

LOCK

causes

letters

to

become

uppercase.

A

red

indicator

light

on

the

LOCK

key

is

illuminated

when

it

is

locked.

To

unlock

this

key,

press

it

again

(the

indicator

light

will

go

off).

NOTE:

The

LOCK

key

affects

only

letters,

not

numbers.

You

must

use

the

SHIFT

key

to

enter

a

symbol

above

a

number.

2-15

B

20

Hardware

BACK

SPACE

I \

TAB

allows

you

to

create

indentations

in

a

word

processing

document

{e.g.,

you

would

use

the

TAB

KEY

to

start

the

first

line

of

a

paragraph

five

spaces

in

from

the

left

margin}

•

BACK

SPACE

allows

you

to

correct

errors

by

deleting

the

previously

entered

character.

Continue

pressing

the

BACK

SPACE

key

to

delete

several

characters.

Hold

it

down

to

delete

a

complete

word

or

line.

RETURN

moves

the

cursor

to

a

new

line.

In

some

programs,

pressing

RETURN

will

cause

your

B

20

to

display

new

information.

Locate

the

following

special

symbols

on

the

keyboard:

<

and

>

Angle

brackets

[

and

]

Square

brackets
Tilde
Exponent

(or

circumflex)

2-16

B

20

Hardware

Function Keys

Your

B25

Kl/B

20

keyboard

has

ten

function

keys

(labeled

fl

through

flO)

that

you

use

with

B

20

programs

(see

figure

2-9).

The

keys

£1, £2,

£3,

£8,

£9,

and

£10

have

indicator

lights

that

may

corne

on

during

self-diagnostic

tests.

The

lights

do

not

work

at

other

times.

m

m

~

m

I I

-!'-::.'.:

••

~

Figure

2-9.

Function

Keys

The

function

keys

operate

differently

depending

on

the

program

you

are

working

on.

For

example,

when

you

perform

word

processing,

they

control

word

processing

operations.

The

manuals

that

are

supplied

with

each

of

these

programs

describe

how

the

function

keys

are

to

be

used.

DOCUMENTS INDF.NT

REVIEW

PAGE'

GO TO PAGE e:OMM!lNDS

MARK

PAGE

MARK

COLUMN

MARK

noe:

PRINT

FOOTER RF.PI.ACF. STORt: PHRASt:

REDO

UlIDO

TABS

FORMAT

HF.ADER SEARCH

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PHRASE

MARK

WORD

MARK

LINE

"'ARK

PARA

Figure

2-10.

Function

Key

Strip

(Samp1e)

2-17

B

20

Hardware

Control

Keys

The

control

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-11,

are:

CANCEL, HELP,

ACTION~

FINISH,

MOVE,

DELETE,

OVER

TYPE,

and

COPY.

These

keys

are

used

to

direct

and

control

your

B

20.

2-18

Figure

2-11.

Control

Keys

You

press

CANCEL

to

terminate

a B

20

operation

before

it

begins

(i.e.,

during

the

initial

setup

of

an

operation).

You

press

HELP

to

display

additional

information

on

current

options.

HELP

displays

different

information,

always

relevant

to

the

options

available

at

that

point.

If

there

is

more

information

than

can

be

displayed

on

a

single

screen,

you

can

display

the

remainder

of

the

information

by

pressing

HELP

again.

In

some

cases,

you

may

be

instructed

to

use

HELP

in

conjunction

with

another

key.

These

instructions

are

included

with

the

B

20

program

that

requires

this

sequence.

~
~

B

20

Hardware

You

press

ACTION

only

in

conjunction

with

another

key.

For

example,

ACTION

and

FINISH

terminate

a B

20

operation

in

progress.

You

press

FINISH

to

complete

an

operation.

Some

programs

call

for

FINISH

as

one

possible

response

during

an

operation.

It

is

also

used

in

conjunction

with

ACTION

to

terminate

a B

20

operation

in

progress.

You

press

MOVE

to

change

the

placement

of

a

previously

selected

character

or

group

of

characters

(i.e.,

a

word,

sentence~

paragraph,

etc.)

within

word

processing.

You

press

DELETE

to

erase

screen

entries.

DELETE

will

erase

a

single

character

or

any

marked

section

of

text.

You

press

OVERTYPE

to

strike

over

an

incorrect

character

or

symbol

with

the

correct

character

or

symbol.

There

is

a

light

on

the

OVERTYPE

key

that

is

illuminated

when

OVERTYPE

is

in

effect.

You

press

COPY

to

duplicate

a

previously

selected

character

or

group

of

characters

(i.e.,

a

word,

sentence,

paragraph,

etc.)

within

word

processing.

2-19

B

20

Hardware

Display Keys

The

four

display

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-12,

are:

NEXT

PAGE,

PREY PAGE, SCROLL

UP,

and

SCROLL

DOWN.

II

··

...

·····.···.···.'····.····.···.·.···.··.··.··.·'

...

,

,~,

, .... ,

::;;:

....

.

W

[I]

Figure

2-12.

Display

Keys

~
~

o

>-----'

>----

)---

Press

the

display

keys

to

move

information

displayed

on

the

screen:

2-20

~

8

~

~

You

press

NEXT

PAGE

to

display

the

next

page

of

text.

You

press

PREV

PAGE

to

display

the

previous

page

of

text.

PREV

PAGE

does

not

function

at

the

executive

level,

but

is

very

important

for

many B 20

programs,

such

as

word

processing.

~

~

SCROLL

DOWN

B

20

Hardware

You

press

SCROLL

UP

to

display

the

next

line

of

text

displayed

on

your

screen.

------------------------------------------

You

press

SCROLL

DOWN

to

display

the

previous

line

of

text.

It

does

not

function

at

the

executive

level,

but

is

very

important

for

many B 20

programs,

such

as

word

processing.

2-21

B

20

Hardware

Cursor Keys

The

six

cursor

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-13,

move

the

cursor.

2-22

Figure

2-13.

Cursor

Keys

You

press

the

Up

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

up

one

line

at

a

time

each

time

you

press

it.

The

cursor

does

not

move

to

the

right

or

left.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

up

continuously

until

you

release

it.

You

press

the

Down

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

down

one

line

at

a

time

each

time

you

press

it.

The

cursor

does

not

move

to

the

right

or

left.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

down

continuously

until

you

release

it.

B

20

Hardware

You

press

the

Right

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

one

space

to

the

right

along

a

line

each

time

you

press

it.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

right

continuously

until

you

release

it.

You

press

the

Left

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

one

space

to

the

left

along

a

line

each

time

you

press

it.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

left

continuously

~ntil

you

release

it.

You

press

MARK

to

specify

the

character

or

the

beginning

of

a

group

of

characters

to

be

changed

(moved,

deleted,

copied,

etc.)

within

a

word

processing

document.

BOUND

is

used

with

MARK

to

specify

the

end

boundary

of

a

group

of

characters

to

be

changed

(moved,

deleted,

copied,

etc.)

within

a

word

processing

document.

2-23

B

20

Hardware

Number Keypad

The

ten

number

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-14,

are

set

up

like

those

on a calculator.

The

numbers

function

like

the

typewriter

number

keys,

but

are

located

on

a

separate

keypad

to

make

entry

eas~er.

Several

number

keys

have

special

symbols

above

them.

These

special

symbols

are

accessed

by

using

SHIFT

plus

the

number.

GO

and

NEXT

are

included

in

the

keypad.

NEXT

\

2-24

Figure

2-14.

Number

Keys

You

press

GO

to

execute

a command

(section

3

explains

commands).

NEXT

has

the

same

function

as

RETURN.

It

is

located

with

the

number

keys

for

ease

of

use

when

you

are

entering

numbers.

B

20

Hardware

OFISkeyboard

The

OFISkeyboard

can

be

divided

into

seven

groups

as

shown

in

figure

2-15.

Some

keys

(particularly

function

keys)

operate

differently

depending

on

the

particular

program

you

are

using

For

example,

when

you

perform

word

processing,

they

control

word

processing

operations.

The'manuals

supplied

with

the

individual

programs

include

instructions

on

how

to

use

the

keys

within

that

specific

application.

VARIABLE

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KEYS

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CONTROL
KEYS

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\

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\

TYPEWRITER

KEYS

IBf

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KEYS

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KEYS

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CURSOR

KEYS

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NUMERIC

KEYS

Figure

2-15

The

OFISkeyboard

OF

IS

is

a trademark

of

Burroughs Corporation

2-25

B

20

Hardware

Typewriter Keys

Your

OFISkeyboard

has

a

standard

set

of

typewriter

keys

as

shown

in

figure

2-16.

Figure

2-16.

Typewriter

Keys

These

keys

allow

you

to

enter

characters

(letters,

numbers,

punctuation

marks,

and

symbols).

The

keys

that

differ

from

standard

typewriter

keys

are:

~

~

SHIFT

ij

ij

~

2-26

SHIFT

works

just

as

it

does

on

a

typewriter.

However:

LOCK

causes

letters

to

become

uppercase.

A

red

indicator

light

on

the

LOCK

key

is

illuminated

when

it

is

locked.

To

unlock

this

key,

press

it

again

(the

indicator

light

will

go

off).

NOTE:

The

LOCK

key

affects

only

letters,

not

numbers.

You

must

use

the

SHIFT

key

to

enter

a

symbol

above

a

number.

~

----.

TAB

1/

"

BACK

SPACE

1/

"

B

20

Hardware

TAB

allows

you

to

create

indentations

in

a

word

processing

document

(e.g.,

you

would

use

the

TAB

KEY

to

start

the

first

line

of

a

paragraph

five

spaces

in

from

the

left

margin)

.

BACK

SPACE

allows

you

to

correct

errors

by

deleting

the

previously

entered

character.

Continue

pressing

the

BACK

SPACE

key

to

delete

several

characters.

Hold

it

down

to

delete

a

complete

word

or

line.

RETURN

moves

the

cursor

to

a

new

line.

In

some

programs,

pressing

RETURN

will

cause

your

B

20

to

display

new

information~

Locate

the

following

special

symbols

on

the

keyboard:

<

and

>

Angle

brackets

[

and

]

Square

brackets

Tilde

Exponent

(or

circumflex)

2-27

B

20

Hardware

Function Keys

Your

OFISkeyboard

has

ten

function

keys

(labeled

fl

through

flO)

that

you

use

with

B

20

programs

(see

figure

2-17).

The

keys

fl,

f2, f3, f8, f9,

and

flO

have

indicator

lights

that

may

corne

on

during

self-diagnostic

tests.

The

lights

do

not

work

at

other

times.

CONTROL
KEYS

TYrEWRITER

KEYS

Figure

2-17.

Function

Keys

CURSOR
KEYS

NUMERIC

KEYS

The

function

keys

are

defined

by

the

program

you

are

working

on.

For

example,

when

you

perform

word

processing,

they

control

word

processing

operations.

Each

key

performs

a

variety

of

functions.

The

current

function

of

each

key

is

displayed

at

the

bottom

of

the

screen.

When a

function

key

is

pressed,

a

service

is

performed,

or

a

new

set

of

functions

are

displayed.

The

manuals

that

are

supplied

with

each

of

these

programs

describe

how

the

function

keys

are

to

be

used.

Figure

2-18.

Level

1

Function

Key

Display

(Sample)

2-28

B

20

Hardware

Control Keys

The

control

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-19,

are:

ACTION,

FINISH,

HELP, CANCEL, DELETE, DELETE

CHAR,

JUMP, OVERTYPE,

MOVE,

COPY,

MARK,

and

BOUND.

These

keys

are

used

to

direct

and

control

your

B

20.

KEYS KEYS

Figure

2-19.

Control

Keys

You

press

ACTION

only

in

conjunction

with

another

key.

For

example,

ACTION

and

FINISH

terminate

a B

20

operation

in

progress.

You

press

FINISH

to

complete

an

operation.

Some

programs

call

for

FINISH

as

one

possible

response

during

an

operation.

It

is

also

used

in

conjunction

with

ACTION

to

terminate

a B

20

operation

in

progress.

2-29

B

20

Hardware

2-30

DELETE

CHAR

You

press

HELP

to

display

additional

information

on

current

options.

HELP

displays

different

information,

always

relevant

to

the

options

available

at

that

point.

If

there

is

more

information

than

can

be

displayed

on

a

single

screen,

you

can

display

the

remainder

of

the

information

by

pressing

HELP

again.

In

some

cases,

you

may

be

instructed

to

use

HELP

in

conjunction

with

another

key.

These

instructions

are

included

with

the

B

20

program

that

requires

this

sequence.

You

press

CANCEL

to

terminate

a B

20

operation

before

it

begins

(i.e.,

during

the

initial

setup

of

an

operation).

You

press

DELETE

to

erase

screen

entries.

You

press

DELETE

CHAR

to

erase

one

character

at

a

time.

You

press

JUMP

to

move

the

cursor

to

a

specific

location

(e.g.

on

the

same

page

or

a

different

page

of

a

word

processirig

document).

~

~

B

20

Hardware

You

press

OVERTYPE

to

strike

over

an

incorrect

character

or

symbol

with

the

correct

character

or

symbol.

There

is

a

light

on

the

OVERTYPE

key

that

is

illuminated

when

OVERTYPE

is

in

effect.

You

press

MOVE

to

change

the

placement

of

a

previously

selected

character

or

group

of

characters

(i.e.,

a

word,

sentence,

paragraph,

etc.)

within

word

processing.

You

press

COpy

to

place

a

duplicate

of

a

character

or

group

of

characters

(i.e.,

a

word,

sentence,

paragraph,

etc.)

within

word

processing.

You

press

MARK

to

specify

the

character

or

the

beginning

of

a

group

of

characters

to

be

changed

(moved,

deleted,

copied,

etc.)

within

a

word

processing

document.

BOUND

is

used

with

MARK

to

specify

the

end

boundary

of

a

group

of

characters

to

be

·changed

(moved,

deleted,

copied,

etc.)

within

a

word

processing

document.

2-31

B

20

Hardware

Text Segment Keys

The

text

segment

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-20,

are:

COL,

PAGE,

PARA~

SENT,

WORD,

and

LINE.

These

keys

are

used

to

select

text

within

a

word

processing

document

for

editing

or

formatting

operations.

Each

kT~

indicates

a

specific

portion

of

text.

Refer

to

your

OFIS

writer

25

manual

for

further

information.

Figure

2-20.

Text

Segment

Keys

2-32

B

20

Hardware

Display Keys

The

four

display

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-21,

are:

NEXT

PAGE,

PREV PAGE, SCROLL

UP,

and

SCROLL

DOWN.

CONTROL

KEYS

TYPEWRITER

KEYS

Figure

2-21.

Display

Keys

CURSOR

KEYS

NUMERIC

KEYS

Press

the

display

keys

to

move

information

displayed

on

the

screen:

~

~

~

~

You

press

NEXT

PAGE

to

display

the

next

page

of

text.

You

press

PREY

PAGE

to

display

the

previous

page

of

text.

PREY

PAGE

does

not

function

at

the

executive

level,

but

is

very

important

for

many B 20

programs,

such

as

word

processing.

2-33

B

20

Hardware

2-34

~

~

SCROLL

DOWN

V

\

You

press

SCROLL

UP

to

display

the

next

line

of

text

displayed

on

your

screen.

You

press

SCROLL

DOWN

to

display

the

previous

line

of

text.

It

does

not

function

at

the

executive

level,

but

is

very

important

for

many B 20

programs,

such

as

word

processing.

B

20

Hardware

CUffiorKeys

The

four

cursor

keys,

shown

in

figure

2-22,

move

the

cursor.

The

GO

key

is

also

found

on

this

portion

of

the

keyboard.

Figure

2-22.

Cursor

Keys

You

press

the

Up

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

up

one

line

at

a

time

each

time

you

press

it.

The

cursor

does

not

move

to

the

right.or

left.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

up

continuously

until

you

release

it.

You

press

the

Down

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

down

one

line

at

a

time

each

time

you

press

it.

The

cursor

does

not

move

to

the

right

or

left.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

down

continuously

until

you

release

it.

2-35

B

20

Hardware

2-36

You

press

the

Right

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

one

space

to

the

right

along

a

line

each

time

you

press

it.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

right

continuously

until

you

release

it.

You

press

the

Left

Arrow

key

to

move

the

cursor

one

space

to

the

left

along

a

line

each

time

you

press

it.

If

you

hold

the

key

down,

it

moves

the

cursor

left

continuously

until

you

release

it.

You

press

GO

to

start

a command

(section

3

explains

commands).

B

20

Hardware

NunnberKeypad

The

number

key

pad,

shown

in

figure

2-23,

is

set

up

much

like

a

calculator.

The

numbers

function

like

the

typewriter

number

keys,

but

are

located

on

a

separate

keypad

to

make

entry

easier.

Several

number

keys

have

special

symbols

above

them.

These

special

symbol~Mare

accessed

by

using

SHIFT

plus

the

number.

Refer

to

OFIS

Writer

manual

for

additional

description

of

math

functions.

NEXT

is

included

in

the

keypad.

NEXT

\

Figure

2-23.

Number

Keys

NEXT

has

the

same

function

as

RETURN.

It

is

located

with

the

number

keys

for

ease

of

use

when

you

are

entering

numbers.

2-37

B 20 Hardware

MAINTENANCE

Your B 20

requires

little

maintenance.

Workstation

operators

should,

however,

keep

the

machine

surfaces

and

work

area

as

clean

and

dust-free

as

possible.

Depending

upon

your

type

of

workstation,

keep

the

floppy

disk

drive

door

closed

(B

25s)

or

open

(B

21s)

when

not

in

use.

•

Do

not

allow

liquid

to

contact

any

internal

surfaces

of

the

disk

drive

unit,

keyboard,

or

screen.

Damage

may

result.

•

Do

not

use

scouring

pads,

abrasive

cleaners,

or

chlorinated

cleaners.

These

may

damage

surfaces.

•

Do

not

move

the

Mass

Storage

Unit

(if

you

have

one).

Moving

the

unit

may

damage

the

Winchester

disk

drive.

Weekly Cleaning

Clean

metal

and

plastic

parts

weekly.

Use a

soft,

clean

cloth

slightly

dampened

with

water.

Be

careful

not

to

get

water

into

the

disk

drives

or

keyboard.

If

the

Mass

Storage

Unit

must

be

moved,

contact

a

Burroughs

service

representative.

As Necessary

Clean

the

screen

when

necessary.

Use a

soft,

clean

cloth

dampened

with

glass

cleaner.

Do

not

spray

the

screen

since

this

could

result

in

liquid

seeping

into

your B 20.

Do

not

use

scouring

pads,

abrasive

cleaners,

or

chlorinated

cleaners.

2-38

B

20

Hardware

SERVICE

Refer

to

the

B 20

Customer

Service

Information

Document

and

Warranty

Forms.

It

tells

you how

to

obtain

Burroughs

assistance

and

service.

If

you

call

for

assistance,

have

the

following

information

available:

•

product

number(s)

•

serial

number(s)

•

options

installed

on

each

component

Forms

that

can

be

used

for

recording

this

information

are

printed

in

your

B

20

Operations: QUick

Reference

Guide.

2-39

B

20

Training

Exercises

KEYWORDS

The

following

terms

are

used

throughout

this

section.

You

may

already

be

familiar

with

some

of

them.

Do

not

memorize

them;

but

review

them

now

and

refer

back

to

them

if

necessary

during

this

course.

(They

are

also

included

alphabetically

in

appendix

D,

Glossary

of

Terms.)

Data

Data

is

information

ranging

in

size

from

a

single

letter

or

number

to

a

file

of

documents

or

a

computer

program.

Volume

The

largest

data

grouping.

Each

volume

is

a

disk

(hard

or

floppy).

Each

volume

has

a

label

(for

example,

"Contracts

")

.

'Directory

A

group

of

files

on

a

volume

under

one

heading

is

called

a

directory

(for

example,

"Active"

or

"Pending").

File

A

document

or

group

of

documents

within

a

directory

is

called

a

file

(for

example,

II

ABC.

Corpora

tion

II

) •

Command A command

is

an

order

from

you

that

causes

your

B

20

to

perform

an

action.

Most

commands

require

that

you

complete

a

form

on

the

screen.

Executive

For

example,

if

you

command

your

B

20

to

rename

a

file,

you

must

fill

in

a

form

on

the

screen,

giving

the

current

name

of

the

file

and

the

new

name

of

the

file.

The

part

of

your

B

20

operating

system

that

responds

to

commands.

The

Executive

is

always

available

after

sign

on.

It

provides,

at

minimum,

command

forms

and

status

messages.

3-1

Reset

Button

Self-Diagnostic

Test

Initialization

Archive

3-2

A

button

at

the

back

of

the

disk

drive

that

allows

you

to

bring

the

system

back

through

its

start-up

tests

without

having

to

turn

off

the

computer.

The B 20

computer

goes

through

a

series

of

self-tests

every

time

it

is

turned

on.

These

tests

check

for

any

system

problems

before

you

start

operations.

Initializing

a

disk

(floppy

or

hard)

prepares

it

for

use

on

your

B

20.

Initialization

destroys

any

previously-

entered

data

residing

on

the

disk.

A

copy

of

the

contents

of

a

disk

for

backup

or

storage

purposes.

B 20

TraJ!l_~ng

Exercises

TRAINING EXERCISES OVERVIEW

This

section

contains

the

intermediate

training

exercises

for

Instruction

Blocks

5

through

7

of

the

Instructor

program.

It

reviews

the

turn

on-off

and

sign

on-off

procedures

and

shows

you

how

to

use

B 20

executive

commands

to

organize

files

and

print

documents.

NOTE

Your B 20

system

software

must

be

installed

in

order

to

complete

the

exercises

in

this

section.

For

software

installation

procedures,

if

necessary,

refer

to

your

B 20 Systems Custom

Installation and Reference Manual.

When

you

complete

section

3,

you

should

be

able

to:

•

Set

up

your

file

system

on

floppy

disks

•

List,

copy,

and

modify

files

stored

on

the

floppy

disks

•

Print

stored

documents

or

files

• Back up

selected

files

(to

protect

information)

and

restore

the

backup

files

to

your

B 20

3-3

B 20

Trajnjng

Exercises

The

exercises

in

this

section

are

progressive

so

you

should

complete

each

exercise

before

going

on

to

the

next.

The

exercises

will

take

you

through

the

following

steps:

Executive

Level

Operations

presents

sign

on

and

log

out

procedures

and

contains

information

and

exercises

for

using

command

prompts.

It

also

gives

you

practice

using

the

HELP,

RETURN,

NEXT

PAGE,

GO,

BACK

SPACE,

and

DELETE

keys

as

they

relate

to

commands.

Set

Up

Files

reviews

information

on

B 20

file

structure

(volumes,

directories,

and

files)

and

works

through

several

exercises

in

which

yo~

create

files.

Manage

Existing

Files

asks

you

to

change

file

names,

delete

them,

list

files

on a disk,

view

their

contents,

and

copy

them.

You

also

use

the

ACTION

and

FINISH

keys.

Print

Files

contains

exercises

in

which

you

print

files

stored

on

disk(s).

Archive

Files

takes

you

through

backup

and

restoration

procedures

for

Winchester

disks.

NOTE

Full

reference

information

on

Executive

commands

is

contained

in

your

B

20

Systems

Standard Software Operations Guide (SaG).

3-4

B 20

Training

Exercises

Equipment

Required

To

complete

this

section,

you

need

the

following

equipment:

• a B 20

workstation

•

at

least

four

blank

floppy

disks

•

Learning

Disk 2 that

came

with

this

manual

•

System

Software

floppy

disks

(if

you

have

a

standalone

dual-floppy

workstation).

Before You

Start

This Section

Review

the

following

before

you

begin

B 20

training

exercises:

•

DATA

ENTRY.

Enter

information

into

your

B 20

exactly

as

it

appears

in

the

instructions.

For

example,

when

you

type

fO

or

fl

on

your

B

20,

you

must

use

the

number 0

or

the

number

1;

do

not

use

the

letter

0

or

the

letter

1.

•

FLOPPY

DISKS.

Properly

insert

floppy

disks

and

close

the

disk

drive

door

or

tab.

If

you

improperly

insert

a

floppy

disk

or

forget

to

close

the

door

or

tab,

an

error

message

appears

on

the

screen

when you

try

to

use

that

floppy

disk.

•

ERROR

MESSAGES.

If

an

error

message

appears

on

your

screen,

refer

to

appendix

A

for

instructions

on how

to

proceed.

NOTE

To

cancel

(terminate)

any

B 20

activity,

press

the

ACTION

and

FINISH

keys

simultaneously.

3-5

B 20

Training

Exercises

EXECUTIVE LEVEL OPERATION

When

you

complete

the

SignOn

form

on a

powered-up

workstation,

your

B 20

enters

the

executive

level

of

operation.

On

the

command

line,

you

can

then

enter

commands

to

direct

its

operations.

The B 20

family

of

workstations

has

a

basic

set

of

commands.

But,

the

command

set

on

your

particular

workstation

depends

on

its

disk

and

system

configurations.

If

you

have a workstation

with

a

single

floppy

drive

(B

25

or

B

21)

or

mass

storage

unit

(B

22),

your

operating

system

software

is

on

the

hard

(Winchester)

disk.

Table

3-1

lists

the

standard

commands

available

with

your

system

configuration.

If

you

have

a

standalone

dual-floppy

drive

B 20

(B

25),

your

operating

system

software

is

on B 20

system

software

floppy

disks

numbered 1

through

4.

Table

3-2

and

Appendix

B

list

the

commands

on

each

floppy

disk.

The

appropriate

system

software

disk

must

be

in

the

left

floppy

disk

drive

before

you

can

access

those

commands.

Command Forms

Commands

allow

you

to

give

your

B 20

orders

to

perform

operations;

however,

most

operations

require

information

from

you

before

your

B 20

can

perform

them.

Press

RETURN

after

typing

a B 20 command

to

display

the

command's

form.

Each

line

of

the

command

form

is

called

a

field.

Required

fields

are

always

unbracketed.

(Bracketed

fields

show

that

the

information

is

optional.)

Type

in

the

information

for

each

required

and

optional

field

exactly

as

directed

in

the

training

exercises.

When

the

form

is

complete,

press

GO

to

send

the

command

and

form

information

to

your

B

20.

(If

the

command

you

are

using

does

not

require

information,

you

can

press

GO

after

entering

the

command.

If

you

do

this

for

a command

that

requires

informa\=ion,

an

error

message

appears

and

you

must

reenter

the

command.)

In

the

exercises

that

follow,

step-by-step

instructions

are

given

for

accessing

command

forms,

filling

them

out,

and

sending

them

to

your B 20.

Allow

approximately

30

minutes

to

complete

Instruction

Block

5.

3-6

B

20

Training

Exercises

Table

3-1.

Winchester

Disk

B

20

Commands

Append

Backup

Volume

Change

Volume

Name
Copy
Create

Configuration

File

Create

Directory

Create

File

Debug

File
Delete
Dump
Edit

Files

Floppy

Copy
Format
Ivarchive
Ivolume

Login
Logout
Maintain

File

Make

Translation

File

New Command

Path
Plog
Record
Remove

Command

Remove

Directory
Rename
Replay
Restore
Run
Run

File

Screen

Setup
Selective

Backup

Set

Directory

Protection

Set

File

Prefix

Set

Protection

Set

Time

Stop

Record
Submit
Type
User

File

Editor

Volume

Status

3-7

B 20

Training

Exercises

3-8

Table

3-2.

Dual-floppy

Drive

B

20

Commands

NOTE

Commands

that

are

unique

to a particular

floppy

disk

are

italicized.

DISK

1

(used

during

B 20

turn

on

and

log

out)

DISK

2

Append
Copy
Create

Directory

Create

File
Delete
Login

Logout

Path
Record
Remove

Directory

Append

Change Volume Name

Copy
Create

Directory
Create

File

Delete

Files
Floppy

Copy
Format
[volume

Login

New Command

Path

Rename
Run
Run

File

Screen

Setup

Set

File

Prefix

Set

Protection

Stop

Record

Type

User

File Editor

Record

Remove Command

Remove

Directory
Rename
Run
Run

File

Screen

Setup

Set

File

Prefix

Set

Protection

Stop

Record

Submit

Type

Volume Status

B

20

Training

Exercises

Table

3-2.

Dual

Floppy

Drive

B

20

Commands

(Cont)

DISK 3

DISK 4

Append
Copy

Create Configuration File

Create

Directory

Create

File

Debug

Delete

Dump

Login

Maintain File
Make

TTanslation File

Path

Append
Copy

Create

Directory

Create

File

Delete

Edit

Files

Login
Path

Record

Plog

Record

Remove

Directory
Rename
Run
Run

File

Screen

Setup
Set

File

Prefix

Set

Protection

Stop

Record

Type

Remove

Directory

Replay

Rename
Run
Run

File

Screen

Setup

Set

File

Prefix

Set

Protection

stop

Record

Type

3-9

B

20

Training

Exercises

Turning Your System On and Off

Figure

3-1

shows

the

on/off

switches

for

both

floppy

and

dual

disk

drive

systems

and

describes

the

on/off

procedures.

ON/OFF DESCRIPTION

If·

you

have

a B

25

(table-top

processor

and

disk

drive

unit):

•

Slide

the

switch

up

(located

on

the

left

of

your

table-top

processor

unit)

to

turn

on

your

B

25.

This

switch

turns

on

the

screen,

disk

drives,

and

the

processor.

Two

small

red

lights

(for

the

processor

and

drive)

remain

on

while

your

B

25

is

operating.

•

Slide

the

switch

down

to

turn

your

B

25

off.

(Do

not

turn

your

B

25

off

at

this

time.)

If

you

have

a B 21

(floppy

disk

drive

in

a

lectern):

•

Press

the

right

side

(ON)

of

the

red

switch

located

in

the

lower

right-hand

corner

of

the

lectern

to

turn

on

your

B

21.

This

switch

turns

on

the

screen,

disk

drives,

and

the

processor.

The

switch

remains

illuminated

while

your

B

21

is

operating.

•

Press

the

left

side

(OFF)

of

the

red

switch

to

turn

your

B

21

off.

(Do

not

turn

your

B

21

off

at

this

time.)

ON/OFF
SWITCH

ON/OFF
SWITCH

i

I

r---"

~c::::::II_C~

_~O

Figure

3-1.

On/Off

Switches

3-10

-

I

r--

ON/OFF

SWITCH

B

20

Training

Exercises

Self-Diagnostic Test

After

software

installation,

each

time

you

turn

on

your

B

20

computer,

it

automatically

performs

a

self-diagnostic

test.

The

test

checks

that

all

parts

of

your

B

20

are

functioning

properly.

During

the

test,

lights

on

six

function

keys

may

flash

on

and

off,

and

the

letter

T

followed

by

asterisks

displays

on

the

lower

left

of

the

screen.

If

the

test

discovers

a

problem,

an

error

message

displays

on

the

screen

just

below

the

T

and

asterisks.

If

this

occurs,

try

the

following:

1.

Check

that

all

components

are

properly

plugged

in

and

turned

on.

2.

Check

that

the

keyboard

cable

is

attached

properly.

3.

Check

that

the

mass

storage

unit

cable

is

attached

properly.

4.

Check

that

the

floppy

disk

is

inserted

properly.

5.

Press

the

RESET

button

at

the

back

of

your

lectern

or

table-top

drive

unit

(shown

in

figure

3-2).

6.

If

the

error

message

reappears

and

the

keys

light,

record

the

information

and

contact

your

Burroughs

representative.

LECTERN

TABLE-TOP

UNIT

.....

.:,.

~

t-

~

RESET

-~-+-.,

~~T-~_

BUTTON

Figure

3-2.

Reset

Buttons

RESET

BUTTON

3-11

B

20

Training

Exercises

3-12

System Sign On and Log

Out

In

this

training

exercise

you

sign

on

(begin

a B

20

session),

use

a

few

keys,

and

log

out

(end

a B

20

session

and

return

your

B

20

to

a

SignOn

form).

All

workstations

except

master

workstations

in

a

cluster

where

others

are

working

may

be

powered

down

at

this

time.

STEP ACTION

1

Turn

power

on

your

B

20,

as

described

in

Figure

3-1.

Observe

self-diagnostic

test

procedures.

2

Hold

the

A

key

down

until

several

a's

appear.

3

Press

DELETE.

4

Type:

abcde

5

Press

BACK

SPACE

five

times.

6

Use

DELETE

and

DESCRIPTION

If

you

have

a

dual

floppy

drive

B

20,

insert

system

disk

1

before

you

turn

on

your

B

20.

A

SignOn

form

appears

(shown

completed

in

figure

3-3).

The

keyboard

characters

repeat

when

the

keys

are

held

down.

The

line

is

erased.

BACK

SPACE

erases

one

character

at

a

time.

BACK

SPACE

to

correct

your

SignOn

form

entries,

if

necessary.

7

Press

RETURN

twice.

The

cursor

moves

to

the

date

field.

STEP

ACTION

8 Type

today's

weekday,

date,

and

time

(if

not

already
entered).
The

correct

date

and

time

should

appear

in

the

upper

right-hand

corner

of

the

screen.

9

Press

GO.

10

Type:

logout

11

Press

GO.

B 20

Training

Exercises

DESCRIPTION

You

must

type

the

correct

combination

of

day

and

date.

For

example:

Your B 20

does

not

accept

the

entry

Tues

May

6,

1985

8:00

am

because

May

6,

1985

(or

5/6/85)

is

a Monday.

Also,

do

not

enter

the

lowercase

letter

L

("1")

as

the

number

1.

A B 20 command

prompt

appears.

(If

an

error

message

appears

instead,

read

the

message.

The

cursor

appears

on

the

problem

field.

Re-enter

the

field.

Press

GO.)

This

logs

you

off

the

system.

The SignOn

form

reappears.

3-13

B

20

Training

Exercises

SigDOIl

5.0

Day/Date/Time Not

Set

3-14

U.er

Name

Pa

••

word

Day/Date/Time

BURROUGHS B 20'OPERATING

SYSTEM

BTOS

5.0

Enter

an

application

name

or

leave

this

line

blank

to

display

a

Command

form.

Enter

your

assigned

password

(optional).

Enter

the

current

day,

date

and

time

(if

not

already

set).

Then

press

the

GO

key.

U.er

Name

(e.g.,

Allen)
Password
Date/Time

(e.g.,

Fri

Sep

9,

1983

8:00

am)

Fri

Mar

29,

1985 10:55 am

Figure

3-3.

Completed

System

SignOn

Form

(Sample)

B

20

Training

Exercises

In

this

training

exercise,

you

use

the

HELP

key

to

list

your

B

20

nands.

Allow

approximately

three

minutes

to

complete

the

exercise.

~P

ACTION

Sign

on

to

your

B

20

Press

HELP

Press

NEXT

PAGE,

if

necessary,

to

display

a

new

command

prompt.

Press

HELP

Press

NEXT

PAGE

repeatedly

until

a

command

prompt

appears

DESCRIPTION

A

command

prompt

appears

(refer

to

system

sign

on,

discussed

earlier

in

this

section,

if

necessary).

Your

B

20

lists

executive

level

commands

in

alphabetical

order.

If

you

do

not

have

a

dual

floppy

drive

B

20,

all

your

commands

may

not

fit

on

one

screen.

You

must

then

press

NEXT

PAGE

to

display

the

rest

of

the

commands,

followed

by

a

command p romp

t.

Your

B

20

again

displays

commands

in

alphabetical

order,

but

now

each

command

is

followed

by

a

brief

description.

Your

B

20

displays

each

page

of

commands.

3-15