Page 1
Network Attached Storage
TeraStation 5010
User Manual
Please make sure to read this manual before using and follow the procedures. If you have any inquiries about
the product, contact the number on the warranty statement or the packing box. Do not discard the included
documents, the warranty statement, or the packing box.
Americas: www.buffaloamericas.com
Europe: www.buffalo-technology.com
Asia Pacific: www.buffalo-asia.com
35021131-20
May, 2019
Page 2
Contents
Chapter 1 Getting Started .............................................9
Diagrams ...........................................................................................9
2-Bay, 4-Bay, 8-Bay Desktop Model ..........................................................9
4-Bay Rackmount Model .........................................................................12
12-Bay Rackmount Model ....................................................................... 14
Turning the TeraStation On and Off............................................. 16
Creating an Initialization Drive .................................................... 19
Chapter 2 Configuration ............................................. 20
Running the Setup Wizard ............................................................ 20
Setting Up Through Setup Wizard .......................................................... 20
Opening Setup Wizard ............................................................................23
Opening Settings .......................................................................... 24
Checking the Device Information from Dashboard ................... 26
Chapter 3 File Sharing ................................................. 27
Configuring Shared Folders ......................................................... 27
Adding a Shared Folder ........................................................................... 27
Recycle Bin ................................................................................................29
Read-Only Shares .....................................................................................29
Hidden Shares .......................................................................................... 30
Configuring Users ......................................................................... 30
Adding a User ........................................................................................... 30
Importing User Information ....................................................................33
Adding a Group ............................................................................. 33
1
Page 3
Configuring Access Restrictions for Shared Folders .................. 36
Local Users and Groups ...........................................................................36
Active Directory .......................................................................................37
Configuring Access Restrictions for Subfolders ......................... 40
Enabling Subfolders’ Access Restrictions ..............................................40
Restoring Owner and Permission Settings ............................................42
Chapter 4 Storage Management ................................ 45
RAID Modes ................................................................................... 45
Working with RAID Arrays ............................................................ 46
Using JBOD ............................................................................................... 46
Changing RAID Mode ..............................................................................47
Shutting Down the TeraStation Automatically If Error Occurred.........48
Rebuilding the RAID Array Automatically for the TS51210RH .............50
Configuring Actions for If a Drive Used for the RAID Array Has Not Been
Discovered ................................................................................................ 51
Configuring a Hot Spare .......................................................................... 53
Expanding RAID Capacity Without Deleting Data ................................55
RAID Scanning..........................................................................................59
Adding an External Drive ............................................................. 60
Connecting an External Drive ................................................................. 60
Compatibility ...........................................................................................60
Dismounting Drives ...................................................................... 61
Dismounting with the Function Button .................................................61
Dismounting from Settings ....................................................................61
Checking Drives ............................................................................ 62
SSD Trimming for the TS5210DF .................................................. 63
Data Protection Mode for the TS5210DF .................................... 64
2
Page 4
S.M.A.R.T. ....................................................................................... 65
Displaying S.M.A.R.T. Information .........................................................65
Checking Drive Condition .......................................................................66
Formatting Drives ......................................................................... 67
Encrypting Drives .......................................................................... 68
Erasing Data on the TeraStation Completely .............................. 68
Drive Quotas .................................................................................. 69
Quotas for Users .......................................................................................69
Quotas for Groups ...................................................................................70
Size Limits ................................................................................................. 71
Using the TeraStation as an iSCSI Device .................................... 74
Introduction .............................................................................................74
Creating an iSCSI Volume ........................................................................74
Connecting or Disconnecting Volumes .................................................. 76
Using with Multiple Computers .............................................................. 78
Configuring Access Restrictions .............................................................78
Expanding Volume Sizes .........................................................................81
Deleting Volumes .....................................................................................82
Advanced Settings ................................................................................... 83
Chapter 5 Backup ........................................................ 85
Backing Up Data on the TeraStation ............................................ 85
Preparing a Backup Destination ............................................................. 86
Configuring a Backup Job .......................................................................87
If Backing Up from rsync-Compatible Devices to the TeraStation ....... 90
Backup Modes .......................................................................................... 91
Backup Logs When Backup Fails ............................................................. 91
Replication ..................................................................................... 94
3
Page 5
Preparing a Replication Destination ......................................................95
Configuring a Replication Job ................................................................96
Synchronizing Between Source and Destination TeraStations
Periodically ............................................................................................... 99
Failover ........................................................................................ 100
Before Configuring Failover .................................................................. 100
Usage Restrictions .................................................................................101
Configuring Failover ..............................................................................102
Replacing to the Backup TeraStation Manually ..................................104
Reconfiguring After Failover Occurs ....................................................105
Synchronizing Between Main and Backup TeraStations Periodically 106
Backing Up Your Mac with Time Machine ................................. 108
Chapter 6 Remote Access .......................................... 114
WebAccess ................................................................................... 114
FTP ................................................................................................ 116
Synchronizing with Amazon S3 ................................................. 117
Preparing for Amazon S3 ......................................................................118
Uploading Files to Amazon S3 ..............................................................120
Synchronizing with Dropbox ..................................................... 124
Configuring a New Job ..........................................................................124
Changing Job Settings ..........................................................................126
Creating a Shared Link (Windows Only) ...............................................130
Using Microsoft Azure for Data Preservation ........................... 130
Creating a New Backup Job ...................................................................130
Creating a New Restore Job ..................................................................135
Changing Job Settings ..........................................................................139
Synchronizing with Microsoft OneDrive ................................... 141
4
Page 6
Configuring a New Job ..........................................................................141
Changing Job Settings ..........................................................................148
Corrective Actions for in Case of Error .................................................151
Chapter 7 Advanced Features .................................. 153
Antivirus Software ...................................................................... 153
Activating Virus Scanning .....................................................................153
Configuring Security Settings ..............................................................154
Licenses ..................................................................................................156
Connecting Through a Proxy Server ....................................................157
Updating Antivirus Pattern Files ..........................................................158
Configuring Folders as Virus Scanning Targets ...................................159
Virus Scanning .......................................................................................160
Checking the Log ...................................................................................161
Online Help ............................................................................................. 162
Email Notification ....................................................................... 163
Sleep Mode .................................................................................. 165
Wake-on-LAN .............................................................................. 167
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) ......................................... 168
One PSU Device Is Installed ...................................................................168
Two PSU Devices Are Installed ..............................................................169
Power Supply Failure for the TS51210RH .................................. 171
Port Trunking ............................................................................... 173
Offline Files for Windows ............................................................ 174
Accessing from an NFS Client ..................................................... 175
Encrypting Data Transmission ................................................... 180
Encrypting Settings Data ......................................................................180
Encrypting FTP Transfer Data ...............................................................180
5
Page 7
SSL Keys ..................................................................................................180
SNMP ............................................................................................ 181
Saving and Applying Settings .................................................... 182
Saving Settings ......................................................................................182
Applying Settings ..................................................................................183
Transferring Another TeraStation’s Settings ............................. 184
Creating a Config File (.nas_config) ......................................................184
Transferring Settings .............................................................................185
Restoring Factory Defaults ......................................................... 186
Initializing from Settings ......................................................................186
Initializing with the USB Initialization Drive .......................................186
Resetting the Administrator Password ..................................... 188
Logs .............................................................................................. 188
Displaying TeraStation’s Logs ...............................................................188
Transferring Logs to the Syslog Server ................................................189
Creating a Link to the Logs in the Shared Folder ................................190
Changing Archive Rules for File Access Logs .......................................192
Updating the Firmware ............................................................... 193
Updating Manually ................................................................................193
Updating Automatically ........................................................................194
Configuring Update Notification ............................................... 195
Name, Date, Time, and Language .............................................. 197
Beep Alerts .................................................................................. 199
LCD and LEDs ............................................................................... 199
Proxy Server ................................................................................ 200
Jumbo Frames ............................................................................. 201
Changing the IP Address ............................................................ 203
6
Page 8
Mapping IP Address and Hostname .......................................... 205
Boot Authentication ................................................................... 206
Notes Before Use ....................................................................................207
Important Notice ...................................................................................207
Setting Up the Authentication Server on a Windows PC ....................207
Configuring Boot Authentication on the TeraStation .........................208
If the TeraStation Cannot Be Accessed .................................................209
Chapter 8 Drive Replacement ................................... 212
Replacing Drives on the TS51210RH ......................................... 212
LEDs ........................................................................................................212
Using JBOD or a Redundant RAID Mode and TeraStation Is On ......... 212
Using JBOD or a Redundant RAID Mode and TeraStation Is Off ........214
Using RAID 0 ........................................................................................... 214
Using a Hot Spare ...................................................................................215
Replacing Drives on Models Other Than the TS51210RH ........ 216
LEDs ........................................................................................................216
Using JBOD or a Redundant RAID Mode and TeraStation Is On ......... 216
Using JBOD or a Redundant RAID Mode and TeraStation Is Off ........219
Using RAID 0 ........................................................................................... 220
Using a Hot Spare ...................................................................................221
Replacing SSDs on the TS5210DF When Data Protection Mode Is
Enabled ........................................................................................ 221
Using RAID 1 ........................................................................................... 222
Using RAID 0 ........................................................................................... 222
Using JBOD .............................................................................................222
Replacing a Non-Malfunctioning Drive ..................................... 223
7
Page 9
Chapter 9 Utilities ...................................................... 224
NAS Navigator2 for Windows ..................................................... 224
Mounting as a Network Drive ...............................................................227
Changing the IP Address .......................................................................227
NAS Navigator2 for macOS ........................................................ 228
Mounting as a Network Drive ...............................................................229
Changing the IP Address .......................................................................229
NovaBACKUP ............................................................................... 230
Chapter 10 Appendix ................................................ 231
TeraStation Does Not Work Properly ......................................... 231
Power LED Keeps Blinking ....................................................................231
Booting the TeraStation in Emergency Mode ......................................232
Cleaning the Dustproof Filter .................................................... 233
LCD Panel ..................................................................................... 235
Modes .....................................................................................................235
Errors .......................................................................................................236
Status ......................................................................................................237
Default Settings .......................................................................... 240
Specifications .............................................................................. 240
Chapter 11 Regulatory Compliance Information .... 243
For Customers in All Regions ..................................................... 243
For Customers in the United States ........................................... 243
For Customers in Europe ............................................................ 244
For Customers in Taiwan ............................................................. 247
8
Page 10
Chapter 1 Getting Started
Chapter 1 Getting Started
Diagrams
Depending on the number or type of drives in the unit, the model name will be different. Check the sticker on the
packing box for your unit’s model name.
2-Bay, 4-Bay, 8-Bay Desktop Model
TS5210DN, TS5210DF
2
3 4 5 6 71
8
19
11
12
9
10
13
14
21
15
16 17
22 23
20
18
24
9
Page 11
TS5410DN
Chapter 1 Getting Started
2
3 4 5 6 71
8
9
10
14
15
16
17
18
19
22
TS5810DN
11
12
11
1
12
2 3 4 5 6 7
89
13
10
15
13
14
15
16
17
18
24
22
23
22
21
19
22
21
24
23
1 Power Button ( )
To power on, connect the power cable and wait for 10 seconds, then press the power button. To power off,
press and hold the power button for three seconds.
If the TeraStation beeps, pressing this button for a short period will stop the beeping.
2 Power LED
When the TeraStation is on, the LED glows green.
3 Info LED
If there is a status message, the info LED will light up amber. Check the LCD panel to see the status message.
10
Page 12
4 Error LED
Chapter 1 Getting Started
If there is an error, the error LED will light up red. Check the LCD panel to see the error message.
5 LAN1 LED
When LAN port 1 is connected, this LED glows green. It blinks when the connection is active.
6 LAN2 LED
When LAN port 2 is connected, this LED glows green. It blinks when the connection is active.
7 LAN3 LED
When LAN port 3 is connected, this LED glows blue. It blinks when the connection is active.
8 LCD Panel
This display shows the status of many TeraStation settings. It also displays errors and messages when available.
9 Display Button
Switches between the different display modes. Also, if the TeraStation is beeping, press this button to stop it.
10 Function Button
Use this button for dismounting USB devices, rebuilding RAID arrays, configuring failover, stopping the
TeraStation’s beeping, and initializing settings using a USB drive.
11 Drive Lock ( )
Open the front panel with the key to replace drives or access the init button.
12 Init Button
Press and hold this button to initialize the TeraStation’s admin username and password, IP settings, SSL, and
service port restriction settings to their factory default values. The effects of this button can be changed in
Settings.
13 Status LEDs
Normally, these LEDs blink green when drives are accessed. If a drive fails, its LED will turn red.
14 Fan
Spins to prevent overheating inside. Do not block the fan.
15 USB 3.0 Port ( )
Compatible Buffalo USB drives, USB memory devices, and USB UPS connections can be connected. USB hubs
are not compatible.
On the TS5810DN series TeraStations, the USB 3.0 port in front is covered by a protector. Remove it before use.
16 LAN Port 1 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
17 LAN Port 2 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
18 LAN Port 3 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 10 Gbps
if using the included Ethernet or category 6A cable.
Note: To communicate at up to 10 Gbps, all network devices must be compatible with 10GbE.
11
Page 13
19 Power Connector
1 102011 19 11 2 3 4 5 6 11 87 119 13
Chapter 1 Getting Started
Use the included power cable to connect to a UPS, surge protector, or outlet.
20 Anti-Theft Security Slot ( )
Use this slot to secure your TeraStation with a cable lock (not included).
21 Link LED
Glows green when the TeraStation is connected to a network.
22 Link LED
Glows amber when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 100 Mbps, 2.5 Gbps, or 5 Gbps.
23 Link LED
Glows green when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 1000 Mbps.
24 Link LED
Glows blue when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 10 Gbps.
4-Bay Rackmount Model
TS5410RN
22
21
23
24
1812 20 13 14 15 16 17 12
1 Power Button ( )
To power on, connect the power cable and wait for 10 seconds, then press the power button. To power off,
press and hold the power button for three seconds.
If the TeraStation beeps, pressing this button for a short period will stop the beeping.
2 Info LED
If there is a status message, the info LED will light up amber. Check the LCD panel to see the status message.
3 Error LED
If there is an error, the error LED will light up red. Check the LCD panel to see the error message.
4 LAN1 LED
When LAN port 1 is connected, this LED glows green. It blinks when the connection is active.
12
Page 14
5 LAN2 LED
Chapter 1 Getting Started
When LAN port 2 is connected, this LED glows green. It blinks when the connection is active.
6 LAN3 LED
When LAN port 3 is connected, this LED glows blue. It blinks when the connection is active.
7 LCD Panel
This display shows the status of many TeraStation settings. It also displays errors and messages when available.
8 Display Button
Switches between the different display modes. Also, if the TeraStation is beeping, press this button to stop it.
9 Function Button
Use this button for dismounting USB devices, rebuilding RAID arrays, configuring failover, stopping the
TeraStation’s beeping, and initializing settings using a USB drive.
10 Init Button
Press and hold this button with something pointed to initialize the TeraStation’s admin username and
password, IP settings, SSL, and service port restriction settings to their factory default values. The effects of this
button can be changed in Settings.
11 Status LEDs
Normally, these LEDs blink green when drives are accessed. If a drive fails, its LED will turn red.
12 Fan
Spins to prevent overheating inside. Do not block the fan.
13 USB 3.0 Port ( )
Compatible Buffalo USB drives, USB memory devices, and USB UPS connections can be connected. USB hubs
are not compatible.
14 LAN Port 1 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
15 LAN Port 2 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
16 LAN Port 3 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 10 Gbps
if using the included Ethernet or category 6A cable.
Note: To communicate at up to 10 Gbps, all network devices must be compatible with 10GbE.
17 Power Connector
Use the included power cable to connect to a UPS, surge protector, or outlet.
18 Anti-Theft Security Slot ( )
Use this slot to secure your TeraStation with a cable lock (not included).
19 Serial Number
This sticker shows the TeraStation’s serial number.
13
Page 15
20 UID Button
Chapter 1 Getting Started
Press the UID button on the front or the back of the unit to cycle the blue LED on and off.
21 Link LED
Glows green when the TeraStation is connected to a network.
22 Link LED
Glows amber when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 100 Mbps, 2.5 Gbps, or 5 Gbps.
23 Link LED
Glows green when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 1000 Mbps.
24 Link LED
Glows blue when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 10 Gbps.
12-Bay Rackmount Model
TS51210RH
4
5
6
7
12 1413 15 16 17 1811
1
2
3
19
8
9
10
2120
22
1 Power Button ( )
To power on, connect the power cable and wait for 10 seconds, then press the power button. To power off,
press and hold the power button for three seconds.
If the TeraStation beeps, pressing this button for a short period will stop the beeping.
14
Page 16
2 Power LED ( )
Chapter 1 Getting Started
When the TeraStation is on, the LED glows green.
3 Error LED ( )
If there is an error, the error LED will light up red. Check the Settings interface or NAS Navigator2 to see the
error message.
4 Reset Button
Press and hold this button with something pointed to initialize the TeraStation’s admin username and
password, IP settings, SSL, and service port restriction settings to their factory default values. The effects of this
button can be changed in Settings.
5 Function Button
Use this button for rebuilding RAID arrays, configuring failover, stopping the TeraStation’s beeping, and
initializing settings using a USB drive.
6 LAN LED ( )
When any LAN ports are connected, this LED glows blue. It blinks when the connection is active.
7 Info LED ( )
If there is a status message, the info LED will light up amber. Check the Settings interface or NAS Navigator2 to
see the status message.
8 Drive Status LED ( )
This LED blinks blue when drives are accessed.
9 Drive Error LED ( )
Normally, this LED is extinguished. If a drive fails, its LED will turn red.
10 USB 2.0 Port ( )
Compatible Buffalo USB drives, USB memory devices, and USB UPS connections can be connected. USB hubs
are not compatible.
11 Power Connector
Use the included power cable to connect to a UPS, surge protector, or outlet.
12 Fan
Spins to prevent overheating inside. Do not block the fan.
13 Micro-USB Port
Factory use only.
14 USB 3.0 Port ( )
Compatible Buffalo USB drives, USB memory devices, and USB UPS connections can be connected. USB hubs
are not compatible.
15 LAN Port 1 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
15
Page 17
16 LAN Port 2 ( )
Chapter 1 Getting Started
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
17 LAN Port 3 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 10 Gbps
if using the included Ethernet or category 6A cable.
Note: To communicate at up to 10 Gbps, all network devices must be compatible with 10GbE.
18 LAN Port 4 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 10 Gbps
if using the included Ethernet or category 6A cable.
Note: To communicate at up to 10 Gbps, all network devices must be compatible with 10GbE.
19 Link/Act LED
Glows and blinks green when the TeraStation is connected to a network.
20 Link LED
Glows amber when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 100 Mbps, 2.5 Gbps, or 5 Gbps.
21 Link LED
Glows green when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 1000 Mbps.
22 Link LED
Glows blue when the TeraStation is connected to a network at 10 Gbps.
Turning the TeraStation On and Off
Note: Do not disconnect or reconnect the internal drives while turning on or off the TeraStation.
Press the power button on the TeraStation to turn it on.
To turn off the TeraStation, press and hold the power button for three seconds. Don’t unplug the TeraStation without
turning it off first. You can also shut it down and restart it remotely from Settings.
1 Double-click the NAS Navigator2 icon ( ) to start NAS Navigator2.
16
Page 18
2 Right-click your TeraStation’s icon and select Settings. For macOS, select the TeraStation’s icon while holding
Chapter 1 Getting Started
down the control key, then select Settings.
3 Enter the username and password, then click OK.
Note: The default username and password are “admin” and “password”.
17
Page 19
4 Settings will open.
Chapter 1 Getting Started
5 Click at the top-right of Settings and choose Shut Down.
6 Click Yes .
7 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
When the power LED on the front of the TeraStation turns off, the shutdown process is completed.
18
Page 20
Creating an Initialization Drive
Chapter 1 Getting Started
We recommend creating an initialization drive as soon as possible. This USB drive can be used to initialize the
TeraStation’s settings to its factory default values or recover the system if your TeraStation encounters an error that
prevents the unit from booting. For the detailed procedure, refer to the “Creating an Initialization Drive” subsection
in chapter 7.
19
Page 21
Chapter 2 Configuration
Chapter 2 Configuration
Configure and manage your TeraStation using the Settings interface, accessible from a browser window. Open the
interface using the procedure below or type the TeraStation’s IP address into the URL field of your browser.
Note: Microsoft Edge, Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer 9 or later, and Safari 9 or later are supported. If you
have difficulty viewing Settings, check the following:
• If there are a large number of registered users, groups, or shared folders, use another browser instead of Internet
Explorer.
• If you have a proxy server enabled in the browser settings, configure the exception settings for Settings or disable
the proxy server.
• With Internet Explorer, set security to Local intranet. On Windows Server operating systems, higher-level security
is configured by default. Set the security to a lower level temporarily.
Running the Setup Wizard
Setting Up Through Setup Wizard
When you access Settings for the first time, or after initializing the TeraStation’s settings, the setup wizard will
automatically be displayed. To set up the TeraStation using the wizard, follow the procedure below.
1 Double-click the NAS Navigator2 icon ( ) to start NAS Navigator2.
2 Right-click your TeraStation’s icon and select Settings. For macOS, select the TeraStation’s icon while holding
down the control key, then select Settings.
20
Page 22
3 The password settings page will appear. Enter the desired new administrator password and click Next. If you
Chapter 2 Configuration
click Skip, the administrator password will not change from the default value (“password”).
4 The time zone settings page will be displayed. If you need to change the time zone from that which is currently
displayed on the page, select it from the drop-down list and click Next.
21
Page 23
5 The proxy server settings page will be displayed. If you place the TeraStation under a proxy network, set your
Chapter 2 Configuration
proxy settings. Click Next.
6 The RAID settings page will be displayed. To change the RAID mode from the default mode, select the desired
RAID mode and click Next, then click Start on the next page. The “Confirm Operation” screen will open so enter
the confirmation number and click OK. Changing the RAID mode will begin.
22
Page 24
If you want to keep the RAID mode as is, select “Keep current RAID mode” and click Next.
Chapter 2 Configuration
Note: The RAID settings page will not be displayed if using the TS5210DN series and the two-drives included
TS5410DN series TeraStations.
7 The folder path to access shared folders will be displayed and setup will finish.
Opening Setup Wizard
You may run the setup wizard even after the initial setup or initialization. To launch the setup wizard again, follow
the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Management.
2 Click to the right of “Restore/Erase”.
23
Page 25
3 Click Execute Wizard.
Chapter 2 Configuration
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 Follow the procedure on the screen and finish the setup wizard.
Opening Settings
1 Double-click the NAS Navigator2 icon ( ) to start NAS Navigator2.
2 Right-click your TeraStation’s icon and select Settings. For macOS, select the TeraStation’s icon while holding
down the control key, then select Settings.
24
Page 26
3 Enter the username and password, then click OK.
Chapter 2 Configuration
Notes:
• If the time-out period is set to “10 minutes”, you will be logged out of Settings after 10 minutes of inactivity.
• Click Secure Connection to log in using an encrypted connection.
4 Settings will open.
Notes:
• Username/Password Combinations:
25
Page 27
Username Password Settings Available
Chapter 2 Configuration
admin (default) password (default) All
guest blank System information (read-only)
If a user is assigned as an administrator, all settings are
Your username Your password
• Click at the top-right of Settings and choose I’m here to play a tone from the TeraStation for easy location.
available. If assigned to another group, only system
information (read-only) is available.
Checking the Device Information from Dashboard
When opening the Settings interface, the Dashboard page will appear first. Dashboard will show the following
device information:
• System information, such as hostname, firmware version, IP address etc.
• Drive information, such as used capacity of internal drives, LVM volumes, iSCSI volumes etc.
• CPU usage
• System memory usage
• Network information, such as IP address, link speed, sent and received rates etc.
Notes:
• If increasing the number of files on the TeraStation, it will raise the memory usage of the TeraStation. This memory
usage will decrease after the specific time passes. To reduce the memory usage immediately, try the following
operations:
◦ Restarting the TeraStation.
◦ Dismounting the USB drive.
• If there is not enough free space on the TeraStation, it may cause abnormal system behavior. Make sure that there
is always at least 1 GB or larger of free space on the TeraStation.
26
Page 28
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Configuring Shared Folders
Adding a Shared Folder
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Click Create Folder.
27
Page 29
4 Configure the desired settings, then click OK.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Notes:
• Names may contain up to 27 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), and underscores (_). Multibyte characters are
supported. The first character should not be a symbol.
• When you click the Option 1 tab, you can enter the folder description. Descriptions may contain up to 75
alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces. Multibyte characters are supported. The first
character should not be a space.
• You may create up to 400 shared folders.
• If the names of shared folders accessed via AFP and FTP connections contain multibyte characters, configure the
client language in Management > Name/Time/Language to match the characters. If the setting does not match,
the shared folder name will not be displayed correctly.
• The following characters are handled differently by macOS and Windows. Avoid using these characters when
sharing data between macOS and Windows:
― ～ ∥ － ￠ ￡ ￢
• Windows does not support some characters that macOS and the TeraStation allow. If you create a filename on
a Mac using any of the following symbols, it will not display correctly on a Windows computer. You may have to
connect to the TeraStation via AFP in order to display or copy files that contain these symbols in their filenames.
28
Page 30
? ] [ / \ = + > < ; : " , | *
Chapter 3 File Sharing
• Do not use any of the following words for the name of a shared folder as these words are reserved for internal
use by the TeraStation: authtest, global, homes, info, lost+found, lp, msdfs_root, mt-daapd, printers, ram, spool,
usbdisk x (where “x” is a number, for example: usbdisk1)
• Don’t use the following unsupported characters in shared folder names, workgroup names, or filenames:
①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬⑭⑮⑯⑰⑱⑲⑳ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥⅦⅧⅨⅩ
ⅰⅱⅲⅳⅴⅵⅶⅷⅸⅹ㎜㎝㎞㎎㎏㏄㎡№㏍℡㊤㊥㊦㊧㊨㈱㈲㈹㍾㍽㍼㍻㍉㌔㌢㍍㌘㌧㌃㌶㍑㍗㌍㌦㌣㌫㍊
㌻￤＇＂〝〟∮Σ∟⊿
纊褜鍈銈蓜俉炻昱棈鋹曻彅丨仡仼伀伃伹佖侒侊侚侔俍偀倢俿倞偆偰偂傔僴僘兊兤冝冾凬刕劜劦勀勛匀匇匤
卲厓厲叝﨎咜咊咩哿喆坙坥垬埈埇﨏塚增墲夋奓奛奝奣妤妺孖寀甯寘寬尞岦岺峵崧嵓﨑嵂嵭嶸嶹巐弡弴彧德
忞恝悅悊惞惕愠惲愑愷愰憘戓抦揵摠撝擎敎昀昕昻昉昮昞昤晥晗晙晴晳暙暠暲暿曺朎朗杦枻桒柀栁桄棏﨓楨
﨔榘槢樰橫橆橳橾櫢櫤毖氿汜沆汯泚洄涇浯涖涬淏淸淲淼渹湜渧渼溿澈澵濵瀅瀇瀨炅炫焏焄煜煆煇凞燁燾犱
犾猤猪獷玽珉珖珣珒琇珵琦琪琩琮瑢璉璟甁畯皂皜皞皛皦益睆劯砡硎硤硺礰礼神祥禔福禛竑竧靖竫箞精絈絜
綷綠緖繒罇羡羽茁荢荿菇菶葈蒴蕓蕙蕫﨟薰蘒﨡蠇裵訒訷詹誧誾諟諸諶譓譿賰賴贒赶﨣軏﨤逸遧郞都鄕鄧釚
釗釞釭釮釤釥鈆鈐鈊鈺鉀鈼鉎鉙鉑鈹鉧銧鉷鉸鋧鋗鋙鋐﨧鋕鋠鋓錥錡鋻﨨錞鋿錝錂鍰鍗鎤鏆鏞鏸鐱鑅鑈閒隆
﨩隝隯霳霻靃靍靏靑靕顗顥飯飼餧館馞驎髙髜魵魲鮏鮱鮻鰀鵰鵫鶴鸙黑畩秕緇臂蘊訃躱鐓饐鷯
• File and folder names may contain up to 255 single-byte characters.
• Folder and workgroup names whose names contain non-Roman characters may not be displayed correctly.
• If shared folders are accessed from a Mac, information files for the Mac may be generated automatically. Do not
delete these files. If they are deleted using Windows, this may prevent further access from a Mac.
• The TeraStation belongs to the default zone in AppleShare; the zone cannot be specified.
• When files are copied to the TeraStation or to a USB drive connected to the TeraStation, file information such as
date created, date modified, and other date information may be updated or changed.
• During a file transfer, if settings are changed, the file transfer operation may be aborted.
• File copying to the TeraStation is protected by a journaling file system. If the Ethernet cable is disconnected or a
power outage occurs while copying data, the following may occur:
◦ Preset data such as the TeraStation name, users, and groups may be erased.
◦ An incomplete file may be copied and the file can no longer be deleted. If this happens, restart the
TeraStation, delete the file, and perform the copy operation again.
• If the Ethernet cable is disconnected from the LAN port during file copying, even if the cable is not in use, the
copy operation will abort. Do not disconnect or reconnect the Ethernet cable to the LAN port during file copying.
Recycle Bin
To protect your data from accidental deletion, you may configure your TeraStation to use a recycle bin instead of
deleting files immediately. The recycle bin will only work with SMB connections. To empty the recycle bin, click File
Sharing > Folder Setup > Empty Recycle Bin in Settings. The recycle bins in all shared folders will be deleted.
Notes:
• You can prevent guests and other users from emptying the trash by navigating to File Sharing > SMB and select
“Administrator only” for the “Recycle Bin Permissions” option.
• If you use macOS, select “Keep when original file is deleted” for the “macOS Temp Files” option by navigating to
File Sharing > SMB. If this setting is changed, files in the recycle bin may be corrupted.
Read-Only Shares
By default, new shares are set with read and write access, but you may change the attribute to Read only at Attribute
on the Option 2 tab. Read-only shares and HFS Plus-formatted USB drives will have “(Read Only)” added to comments
in File Explorer.
Note: Configure read-only file attribute in Settings. Configuring them from within Windows is not supported and
may cause unexpected behavior.
29
Page 31
Hidden Shares
Chapter 3 File Sharing
If hidden shares are enabled, shared SMB folders will not be displayed in Network, and only certain users are allowed
to access them. To hide a shared SMB folder, follow the procedure below.
1 From Settings, navigate to File Sharing > Folder Setup and choose a shared folder or a USB drive to configure
hidden shares.
2 Click the Option 2 tab and select the “Hidden share (SMB only)” checkbox, then click OK.
Notes:
• If protocols other than “SMB (Windows/Mac)” or “Backup” under “LAN Protocol Support” on the Basic tab are
enabled, the hidden shares option will be grayed out and cannot be selected.
• Configure hidden share attribute in Settings. Configuring them from within Windows is not supported and may
cause unexpected behavior.
To access a hidden folder, open File Explorer in your computer and enter “\\TeraStation name\shared folder name$\”
into the address bar. For example, if the TeraStation name is “TSXXX001” and the shared folder name is “share”, enter
“\\TSXXX001\share$\” to open it.
Configuring Users
Adding a User
Note: The TeraStation can register a maximum 300 of users, which include the default users “admin” and “guest”.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Users”.
30
Page 32
3 Click Create User.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
31
Page 33
4 Enter the desired settings, then click OK.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Notes:
• Usernames may contain up to 128 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), periods (.), and the
symbols ! # & @ $ * ^ %. The first character should not be a symbol.
• The user ID should be a number from 1000 to 1999. Each user ID should be unique. If this field is left blank, a user
ID is assigned automatically.
• Do not duplicate user IDs, group IDs, usernames, or group names. Each should be distinct and unique.
• User descriptions may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces.
Multibyte characters are supported. The first character should not be a symbol or space.
• Passwords may contain up to 20 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), spaces, commas (,),
periods (.), semicolons (;), tildes (~), and the symbols @ ! $ & * + : = ? ] [ ^ } { \. The first character should not be a
symbol unless it is an underscore.
• Use the same username and password for both Windows and the TeraStation or you may be unable to access
shared folders.
• Do not use a name already in use as a group; do not use any of the following words as a username as these
words are reserved for internal use by the TeraStation: _lldpd, adm, admin, administrator, admins, all, apache,
avahi, avahi-autoipd, backup, bin, crontab, daemon, dialout, dip, disk, ftp, ftpuser, fuse, gnats, guest, guests, halt,
hdusers, irc, kmem, libuuid, list, lp, mail, man, messagebus, mysql, netdev, news, nobody, nogroup, none, ntp,
openldap, operator, plugdev, proftpd, proxy, puppet, root, rpc, rpcuser, sambashare, sasl, shadow, shutdown,
snmp, splx, src, ssh, sshd, staff, statd, sudo, sync, syslog, tmhttpd, tty, users, utmp, uucp, winbindd_priv, www,
www-data
32
Page 34
Importing User Information
Chapter 3 File Sharing
You can import users in File Sharing > Users by clicking Import CSV File.
An example format for user data: Username (required), password (required), and user description (optional).
Example 1: Importing usernames, passwords, and comments
username1,password1,comment1
username2,password2,comment2
username3,password3,comment3
Example 2: Importing usernames and passwords
username1,password1,
username2,password2,
username3,password3,
Guidelines:
• Use commas (,) as separators. Do not put spaces before or after commas. If you don’t want user descriptions, use
a comma after the password at the end.
• If a line is in an incorrect format, the username entered on that line will not be registered.
• If an unavailable name is used by a user or if the username already exists, an error will occur and cancel the
import process. User whose usernames were entered during or after the error occurs will not be imported.
• Do not use commas (,) in the username, password, or user description.
Note: Imported users are added to the “hdusers” group automatically.
Adding a Group
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Groups”.
33
Page 35
3 Click Add Group.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
34
Page 36
4 Enter the desired settings, then click OK.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Notes:
• Group names may contain up to 20 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and periods (.). The
first character should not be a symbol.
• Group descriptions may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces.
Multibyte characters are supported. The first character should not be a symbol or space.
• If the group ID field is left blank, a group ID is automatically assigned. Use numbers between 1000 and 1999 to set
a group ID manually. Don’t use duplicate group IDs.
• You may register up to 300 groups with the TeraStation.
• If you are logged in as a member of the general users group, you can change only your own password. If you’re
logged in as an administrator, you can change any setting, including other users’ passwords. If you are logged in
as a member of the power users group, you can create and edit shared folders, users, and groups.
• Do not use a name in use as a user; do not use any of the following words as a group name as these words are
reserved for internal use by the TeraStation: _lldpd, adm, admin, administrator, admins, all, apache, avahi, avahiautoipd, backup, bin, crontab, daemon, dialout, dip, disk, ftp, ftpuser, fuse, gnats, guest, guests, halt, hdusers,
irc, kmem, libuuid, list, lp, mail, man, messagebus, mysql, netdev, news, nobody, nogroup, none, ntp, openldap,
operator, plugdev, proftpd, proxy, puppet, root, rpc, rpcuser, sambashare, sasl, shadow, shutdown, snmp, splx, src,
ssh, sshd, staff, statd, sudo, sync, syslog, tmhttpd, tty, users, utmp, uucp, winbindd_priv, www, www-data
35
Page 37
Configuring Access Restrictions for Shared Folders
Chapter 3 File Sharing
You may restrict access to specific shared folders, including external USB drives.
Notes:
• Configure access restrictions through Settings. Configuring access restrictions through Windows is not supported
and may cause unexpected behavior.
• Shared folders with limited access can still be used as backup destinations.
• If you change access restrictions for a user or group while they are accessing files, unexpected behavior may
result.
Local Users and Groups
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Click the shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for.
4 Click the Access Restrictions tab.
36
Page 38
5 Enable “Access Restrictions for Shared Folders”.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
6 Select the level of access for the user or group.
: Read and write access allowed : Read access allowed : Access prohibited
7 Click OK.
Notes:
• The example above shows access restriction by a user. To restrict access by group, click the Local Groups tab and
select group permissions.
• Under the following settings, read-only permission always applies:
◦ A user joins multiple groups for which either read-only or write permissions are given.
◦ A write-permitted user joins groups for which read-only permissions are given.
◦ A read-only user joins groups for which write permissions are given.
• For an access-restricted shared folder, if you change the access restrictions of all users and groups from read and
write or read-only to access prohibited from the user or group list page in Settings, that shared folder can only be
accessed by admin users and groups.
Active Directory
If there is an Active Directory environment, the TeraStation will use account information from the Active Directory
domain controller to set access restrictions for TeraStation’s shared folders. There is no need to perform individual
account management for the TeraStation. If multiple TeraStations are installed on the network, the account
information is centrally managed in Active Directory, greatly reducing the operations required for installation and
management.
Notes:
• If usernames or group names from Active Directory include multibyte characters, you will not be able to
configure access restrictions for them.
• The TeraStation supports a domain environment with a maximum of 10,000 users and groups.
37
Page 39
1 From Settings, click Network.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
2 Click to the right of “Workgroup/Domain”.
3 Click Edit.
4 Select “Active Directory”, then click Next.
5 Enter the domain controller information and click Search. The domain controller on the same network will be
detected and required settings will be entered into each field automatically. Or, enter the settings manually.
6 If there is a difference of more than five minutes between the TeraStation’s clock and the domain controller’s
clock, joining the domain or authenticating domain users and groups may fail. For best results, select
“Configure domain controller as an NTP server” if the domain controller can function as the NTP server.
7 Click OK.
38
Page 40
8 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
9 Click the shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for.
10 Click the Access Restrictions tab.
11 Enable “Access Restrictions for Shared Folders”.
12 Select the level of access for the user or group.
: Read and write access allowed : Read access allowed : Access prohibited
13 Click OK.
Notes:
• To have the TeraStation join an Active Directory domain, configure it to use a DNS server that can resolve names
for the Active Directory domain.
• After building an Active Directory domain, the administrator password for joining the domain must be changed
at least once, or joining the Active Directory domain will fail.
• The DNS name and NetBIOS name of Active Directory domains should be identical.
• Under the following settings, read-only permission always applies:
◦ A user joins multiple groups for which either read-only or write permissions are given.
◦ A write-permitted user joins groups for which read-only permissions are given.
39
Page 41
◦ A read-only user joins groups for which write permissions are given.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
• To use the TeraStation as a member server in an Active Directory domain, the TeraStation should be logged in to
the domain and accessed from a computer that is not a member of the domain with a valid domain account.
• If the TeraStation is a member server of an Active Directory domain, you cannot connect as a guest user via AFP.
• If your TeraStation is a member server in an Active Directory domain and you change the authentication method
to “Workgroup”, the account on the domain controller will not be deleted automatically.
• If FTP is enabled, local and domain group access restrictions from the AD network do not work. Use user access
restrictions instead.
• For an access-restricted shared folder, if you change the access restrictions of all users and groups from read and
write or read-only to access prohibited from the user or group list page in Settings, that shared folder can only be
accessed by admin users and groups.
• If you allow read and write or read-only access for most users, group access restrictions are recommended.
• Depending on the domain controller’s policy settings, the domain controller may make the TeraStation leave the
Active Directory domain. If so, the TeraStation will lose the domain users and groups so if you have configured
access restrictions using the domain accounts, these users will no longer be able to access shared folders. In such
a case, change the policy settings on the domain controller or let the TeraStation join the Active Directory domain
again.
Configuring Access Restrictions for Subfolders
You may restrict access to subfolders in shared folders by configuring access permissions from your computer using
Windows File Explorer.
Notes:
• Depending on the environment, the function may not work properly even if it’s enabled. We recommend
verifying the functionality before using.
• Access permissions configuring from File Explorer is available up to 18 files and 24 folders. This number of
available access permissions may vary if access permissions are inherited from the parent object.
The number of available access permissions are not many so using group access permissions is recommended
if the permission level is the same to the multiple users; it will save spending the number of available access
permissions.
Enabling Subfolders’ Access Restrictions
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
40
Page 42
3 Click the shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
4 Clear all checkboxes for “LAN Protocol Support” other than “SMB (Windows/Mac)”, “Backup”, and “NFS”.
5 Click the Option 2 tab.
6 Enable “Access Restrictions for Subfolders”.
Note: If “Hide Non-Access Permitted Files and Folders” is enabled, non-access permitted sub-files and folders
will not be displayed in shared folders.
7 Click OK.
Enabling subfolders’ access restrictions finished. Next, configure access permissions for each user or group to files
and folders in subfolders from File Explorer.
41
Page 43
You may also configure access permissions for domain users and groups. You should have the TeraStation join your
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Active Directory domain before configuring access permissions from File Explorer.
Notes:
• If enabling subfolders’ access restrictions for a USB drive, the drive should be formatted using XFS or ext3.
• The UID and GID of domain accounts should be updated before using the subfolders’ access restrictions if the
TeraStation joined the AD network while running firmware version 3.00 or earlier and has since updated to
version 3.00. To update the UID and GID, navigate to File Sharing > SMB > Edit in Settings and click Update.
• To back up or replicate files to backup or replication destinations with access permission settings of files
and folders in subfolders unchanged, make sure that the same workgroup name, user IDs, and group IDs are
configured between backup or replication sources and destinations.
• If you clear the “Read & execute” checkbox under “Allow” (as shown on the image above) and disable the
subfolders’ access restrictions, these users and groups will have read and write permission.
• If the TeraStation’s settings have been initialized but you configure the same UID and GID for new users and
groups, access permissions to files and folders in subfolders may be inherited.
Restoring Owner and Permission Settings
If you changed the owner to an unexpected user or accidentally lost permissions to a specific folder, restore them by
following the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
42
Page 44
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
3 Click Advanced Settings for Subfolders.
43
Page 45
4 Select a folder to restore permissions from the tree.
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Note: If you select a root shared folder from the tree, the action will not be run to the recycle bin. To run the
action, select the recycle bin instead.
5 Select actions and action range to run, then click OK.
6 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
44
Page 46
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Chapter 4 Storage Management
RAID Modes
TeraStations support many types of RAID. The type of RAID arrays available for use depends on how many drives are
installed in your TeraStation.
Notes:
• If you change the RAID mode, all data on the array is deleted. This is true for every procedure in this chapter.
Always back up any important data before performing actions that affect your RAID array.
• Some RAID arrays allow you to change the RAID mode without losing data by adding drives. To change a RAID
mode by adding drives to the existing array, refer to the “Expanding RAID Capacity Without Deleting Data” section
below.
• Drive capacity is displayed in Settings in actual gigabytes. The Properties window in Windows may show GiB
instead, which will be a smaller number.
• If the TeraStation is restarted or shut down while changing the RAID mode, the message that appears on the LCD
panel will change from I46 or I47 to I18.
• RAID 5, 6, or 10 are only available for TeraStations with three or more drives inserted. Please check Settings on
your model before changing the RAID mode.
RAID 6
RAID 6 arrays are available for TeraStations with four or more drives. RAID 6 combines four or more drives into a
single array. The usable space is equal to the sum of the capacity of all drives minus the capacity of two drives. For
example, if four drives are combined into a RAID 6 array, the usable space is the sum of the capacity of two drives. If
two drives in the array are damaged, you can recover data by replacing them. If three or more drives are damaged,
your data is lost.
RAID 5
RAID 5 arrays are available for TeraStations with three or more drives. RAID 5 combines three or more drives into a
single array. The usable space is equal to the sum of the capacity of the drives minus the capacity of one drive. For
example, if four drives are combined into a RAID 5 array, the usable space is the sum of three drives. If one drive in
the array is damaged, you can recover data by replacing the damaged drive. If two or more drives are damaged at
the same time, your data is lost.
RAID 10
RAID 10 arrays are available for TeraStations with four or more drives. In this mode, mirrored pairs of drives in RAID 1
arrays are combined into a RAID 0 array. The usable space is equal to the capacity of the smallest drive multiplied by
the number of drives divided by two.
45
Page 47
RAID 1
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Combines two or more drives into a mirrored array. The available space in the array is the capacity of a single drive.
Identical data is written to each drive. If a drive is damaged, data can be recovered by replacing the damaged drive.
As long as one drive in the array remains undamaged, all data in the array can be recovered.
RAID 0
Combines two or more drives into a single array. The usable drive space is the total space of all drives used. This
simple RAID mode offers faster performance than RAID modes that include parity. If a single drive in the array fails,
then all data in the array is lost.
JBOD
This mode uses the drives inside the TeraStation as individual drives. The drive space you can use is the total
capacity of all drives in the TeraStation. If any drives are damaged, then the data on that drive is lost.
Working with RAID Arrays
To change RAID settings, navigate to Storage > RAID in Settings.
Using JBOD
With JBOD, each drive in the TeraStation is addressed separately. To put drives from an array into JBOD, follow the
procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click the array to delete.
46
Page 48
4 Click Delete RAID Array.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Click OK when completed.
Once JBOD is configured, create shared folders on each drive to use them.
Changing RAID Mode
To change the RAID mode, first put the drives in JBOD.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click the array to delete.
4 Click Delete RAID Array.
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Click OK.
47
Page 49
7 Choose a RAID array.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
8 Select a RAID mode and the drives to be used, then click Create RAID Array.
9 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
10 Click OK when completed.
Note: After changing the RAID mode, create a shared folder.
Shutting Down the TeraStation Automatically If Error Occurred
This function will shut down the TeraStation automatically if an error occurs on a drive that is used in a redundant
RAID array.
48
Page 50
For the TS51210RH series TeraStation users, it is recommended to enable email notifications if enabling auto
Chapter 4 Storage Management
shutdown because the TS51210RH series TeraStations will extinguish all LEDs when shutting down and the failed
drive will not be identified. In such a case, you can confirm the failed drive number in the notification email.
To configure auto shutdown, follow the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click Options.
4 Click Edit.
49
Page 51
5 Select “Shut down” for “Error Behavior” and click OK.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Rebuilding the RAID Array Automatically for the TS51210RH
If auto RAID rebuild is enabled, RAID arrays will rebuild automatically after a failed drive is replaced. You may enable
or disable auto RAID rebuild by following the procedure below.
Note: This function is only for TS51210RH series TeraStations. Other models will not display this function in Settings.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click Options.
50
Page 52
4 Click Edit.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
5 Select “Yes” for “Automatically Rebuild if New Drive Is Detected” and click OK.
Configuring Actions for If a Drive Used for the RAID Array Has Not Been Discovered
The TeraStation can configure actions for if a drive used for the RAID array cannot be mounted when booting.
Displaying or Hiding the Confirmation Screen
Configure to display or hide the confirmation screen for selecting actions for if a drive used for the RAID array
cannot be mounted when booting. It is configured to display the confirmation screen by default. To hide the screen,
follow the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
51
Page 53
3 Click Options.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 Click Edit.
5 Select the “Don’t prompt when a drive could not be detected” option to the right of “Drive Detection Action
Settings” and click OK.
When the confirmation screen is hidden, an undetected drive will automatically be dismounted from the TeraStation
and the TeraStation will be in degraded mode if a redundant RAID mode is configured. If RAID 0 is configured, the
52
Page 54
RAID array will be corrupted so that data will be lost. It is recommended to proceed without changing settings that
Chapter 4 Storage Management
the confirmation screen appears.
Selecting the Action on the Confirmation Screen
When the confirmation screen is displayed, the following screen will appear after logging in to Settings if the drive
used for the RAID array could not be mounted. Select the action to run when the screen appears.
Conditions and Corrective Actions If Undetected Drives Aren’t Displayed Properly
Even though you have configured to show the confirmation screen if a drive using for the RAID array cannot
be mounted, the undetected drives cannot be displayed properly under the following conditions. If you have
configured the RAID array as below, follow the procedure below for sure.
Conditions Corrective Actions
RAID 10 has been configured. 1 Select “Shut down the TeraStation and reconnect the drives” and
click Execute.
2 Confirm all drives have been inserted properly.
Multiple arrays have been configured.
3 Press the power button and power on the TeraStation.
4 Log in to Settings and make sure the confirmation screen doesn’t
appear.
Configuring a Hot Spare
If you have a hot spare configured and an array fails, the TeraStation immediately switches over to the hot spare. To
use a hot spare, you need an extra drive that’s not part of any array and a RAID 1 or RAID 5 array.
53
Page 55
Notes:
Chapter 4 Storage Management
• All data on the hot spare drive is deleted when it is configured as a hot spare and again when it changes from a
spare to a drive in the array.
• A hot spare cannot be configured for TeraStation models with only two drives inserted.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Choose a RAID array.
4 Click Set as a hot spare.
54
Page 56
5 Click Yes .
Chapter 4 Storage Management
6 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
7 Click OK when completed.
Note: To turn the hot spare back to a normal drive, choose Set as a normal drive.
Expanding RAID Capacity Without Deleting Data
You can create or expand a RAID array without erasing data on the drive by using RMM (RAID Mode Manager).
If using a TeraStation model whose drives are not fully installed into the slots, such as the two-drives included
TS5410DN series, follow the procedure to add a new drive first. Otherwise, refer to the procedures in this section to
configure the RAID array.
Adding a Drive
1 Open the front cover with the included key.
2 Push the drive’s unlock button for the empty slot and swing the lock mechanism out, then pull out the drive
cartridge.
3 Insert the new drive (sold separately). Slide the drive in with the locking mechanism open and swing the lock
back down until it clicks into place.
4 Close the front cover.
5 When the drive is recognized, the status LED will flash red and the I32 message will appear on the LCD panel.
6 From Settings, click Storage.
7 Click to the right of “Drives”.
55
Page 57
8 Select the inserted new drive and click Format Drive.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
9 Select a format type and click Format.
10 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
11 Click OK when completed.
Drives Are Currently in JBOD
If the drives are currently in JBOD (not in a RAID array), you may change it to a RAID 1 array. To create the RAID 1
array using RMM, you must have at least two drives available in JBOD.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
56
Page 58
3 Choose a RAID array.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 Set the RAID mode to “RAID 1”.
5 Select the “Add a drive to a RAID array with RMM. Your data will be preserved.” checkbox.
6 Select the drive whose data will be saved from the drop-down list.
7 Select the drive to add to the RAID array.
8 Click Create RAID Array.
9 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
10 Click OK when completed.
57
Page 59
Drives Are Currently in RAID 1, 5, or 6
Chapter 4 Storage Management
If the drives are currently in a RAID 1, 5, or 6 array, you can use RMM to add drives to the RAID array, then change the
RAID mode.
Note: RMM can be used to expand an array by only one drive per operation. To expand by two or more drives, RMM
must be activated multiple times. For example, if you want to create a RAID 6 array by adding two drives, change the
RAID mode to RAID 5 first using one drive, then change it to RAID 6 using another drive.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Choose a RAID array.
58
Page 60
4 Select one drive to add to the RAID array. If changing the RAID mode, choose the desired mode for the array
Chapter 4 Storage Management
from the drop-down list. If not, keep the current RAID mode as is.
5 Click Change RAID Array.
6 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
7 Click OK when completed.
RAID Scanning
A RAID scan checks your RAID array for bad sectors or bad blocks and if it finds any, it automatically repairs them.
Arrays other than RAID 0 are supported. For best results, run a RAID scan regularly.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Move the RAID scanning switch to the position to enable RAID scanning.
3 Click to the right of “RAID Scanning”.
4 Click Edit.
59
Page 61
5 Select when to run the scan and click OK.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Notes:
• Select the “Immediately” checkbox to run a RAID scan immediately.
• To stop a RAID scan, click Cancel RAID Scan.
Adding an External Drive
Connecting an External Drive
Your TeraStation includes USB ports (the number of ports depends on your model), and you can connect external
drives to these ports. Once connected, they appear as shared folders on the TeraStation. Formatted drives are
detected automatically. Unformatted drives should be formatted in Settings.
After a USB drive is recognized, the TeraStation adds “usbdisk x” to the shared folder list, where “x” is the USB port to
which the drive is connected.
Compatibility
Supported file systems for external USB drives are below:
File Systems Recommended Situation
XFS Connecting to another Buffalo NAS device.
Ext3 Connecting to another Buffalo NAS device that is a TS-X or older model.
*
NTFS
HFS Plus
exFAT
FAT32 Connecting to both Windows and Mac computers.
*This cannot be formatted from Settings.
**This is read-only from the TeraStation. Files on the USB drive can be copied to the TeraStation.
*, **
*
Connecting to Windows computers. The NTFS-formatted drive can use many
more functions of the operating system than an exFAT drive.
Connecting to Mac computers. The HFS Plus-formatted drive can use many more
functions of the operating system than an exFAT drive.
Connecting to both Windows and Mac computers.
Connect only one device to each USB port of the TeraStation. Note that only the first partition of a connected USB
drive is mounted. Additional partitions are not recognized.
Notes:
• If your USB 3.0 drive is not reconfigured after rebooting the TeraStation, unplug and reconnect it.
60
Page 62
• When copying a file that is over 100 MB to a FAT32-formatted USB drive using File Explorer, an error message may
Chapter 4 Storage Management
appear. In such a case, use an FTP or SFTP connection to copy the file.
• When copying files from a shared folder to a FAT32-formatted USB drive, the progress bar may not be displayed
or the file copying may fail. Using a file system other than FAT32 is recommended for the USB drive.
Dismounting Drives
If the TeraStation is powered on, dismount drives (internal and external) before unplugging them. You may
dismount external drives using the function button, or dismount any drive from Settings. If the TeraStation is off,
then all drives are already dismounted and may be unplugged safely.
Note: Do not dismount internal drives while a RAID array is rebuilding or RMM is being configured. If you do, data on
the drives may be lost.
Dismounting with the Function Button
Note: If using the TS51210RH series TeraStations, dismount USB drives from Settings.
When you press the function button, the TeraStation will beep once. Press and hold the button until the TeraStation
beeps again and the button starts blinking blue. It will take about six seconds. When the dismount is completed, the
function button will stop blinking and return to glowing. You may now unplug any USB drives safely.
After 60 seconds, the function button will go out and any drives that have not yet been unplugged will be
remounted.
Dismounting from Settings
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click Drives to dismount an internal drive or USB Drives to dismount an external drive.
61
Page 63
3 Select the drive to dismount and click Dismount Drive.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 When the dismounting process is completed, it is safe to unplug the drive. Disconnect the drive from the
TeraStation.
Note: To remount the drive, unplug it and then plug it back in.
Checking Drives
A drive check tests the data on a drive in the TeraStation or one that is connected via USB for integrity. Errors are
fixed automatically. With large drives, a drive check may run for many hours. Shared folders cannot be accessed
during a drive check. Do not turn off the TeraStation until the drive check is finished. Use the procedure below to run
a drive check.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Select Drives to check an internal drive or USB Drives to check an external drive.
62
Page 64
3 Select the drive or array to test, then click Check Drive.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 Click Check. You have the option of deleting information files from macOS during the check if desired.
SSD Trimming for the TS5210DF
If an SSD has been running for a long time, drive performance may decline. To prevent this, an SSD TRIM may restore
drive performance. For best results, run SSD TRIMs regularly.
Note: This function is only available for TS5210DF series TeraStations and may not appear on other models.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “Drives”.
63
Page 65
3 Click SSD at the lower left corner of the window.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 Click Edit.
5 Select when to run the TRIM and click OK.
Note: Click Immediately to run an SSD TRIM immediately.
Data Protection Mode for the TS5210DF
Data protection mode will be enabled if one of the following occurs:
• Two or more drives in a RAID 1 array have too many bad blocks.
• A drive in a RAID 0 array or JBOD has too many bad blocks.
When data protection mode is enabled, file writing and some or all of the following functions will be unavailable:
Category Unavailable operations
File Sharing
Storage
Cloud Storage
Applications Enabling antivirus
Creating, changing, and deleting shared folders, emptying recycle bins,
enabling and disabling WebAccess
Checking and formatting drives, changing SSD TRIM settings, changing
RAID mode, changing and enabling RAID scans, enabling and disabling LVM,
deleting LVM volumes, creating, changing, and deleting iSCSI volumes
Enabling Amazon S3, Dropbox Sync, Microsoft Azure Storage Sync, and
Microsoft OneDrive Sync, creating, changing, and deleting jobs
64
Page 66
Category Unavailable operations
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Backup
Management
Other
Notes:
• When data protection mode is enabled while computers are connected to the iSCSI volumes, this connection
may be disconnected. The iSCSI volumes can be reconnected even in data protection mode but replacing the
drives is recommended after backup.
• When data protection mode is enabled, files infected by a virus will not be inspected. When using antivirus,
configuring real-time scan is recommended. If your TeraStation enters in data protection mode, run a manual
scan before replacing the drives. To run virus scanning manually, refer to the “Virus Scanning” section in chapter 7.
• When data protection mode is enabled, and the TeraStation is configured as a backup device, the main
TeraStation will no longer detect the backup device TeraStation and the I33 message will appear. Stop failover
forcibly from the backup TeraStation’s Settings and replace the drives that have too many bad blocks.
• When data protection mode is enabled, Amazon S3 will be disabled.
Configuring the device in data protection mode as a failover backup device,
enabling Time Machine, changing Time Machine settings
Updating the firmware, activating and deactivating boot authentication,
changing log and boot authentication settings, changing RAID mode using the
setup wizard
Recovering using drive setup, creating folders on the WebAccess console,
deleting, changing, copying, and moving files and folders on the WebAccess
console, uploading files on the WebAccess console
S.M.A.R.T.
S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) monitors internal drives to detect and report
various indicators of reliability, in the hope of anticipating failures. When a failure is anticipated by S.M.A.R.T., the
user may choose to replace the drive to avoid outages and data loss. Follow the procedure below to check S.M.A.R.T.
information for the TeraStation’s internal drives.
Note: S.M.A.R.T. information is only available for internal drives.
Displaying S.M.A.R.T. Information
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “Drives”.
65
Page 67
3 Select a drive to check and click S.M.A.R.T.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 The S.M.A.R.T. information for the drive will be displayed. Different information may be displayed depending
on the brand of drives in your TeraStation. Critical attributes are displayed in bold.
Checking Drive Condition
Attributes with the worst value that is equal to or less than the threshold value may be significant. If an attribute
reports a failure, or has had one in the past, it will be displayed in the status column. In such a case, replacing that
drive is recommended.
66
Page 68
Formatting Drives
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Note: Under some circumstances, data deleted when a drive is formatted can be recovered. To ensure that data is
“gone forever”, a format might not be sufficient. Refer to the “Erasing Data on the TeraStation Completely” section
below.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Select Drives to format an internal drive or USB Drives to format an external drive.
3 Select the drive or array to format, then click Format Drive.
4 Select a format type, then click Format.
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
67
Page 69
6 Depending on the size and the formatted file system of your drive, the format may take several minutes or
Chapter 4 Storage Management
several hours to complete. “Formatting” will be displayed on the LCD panel until the format is completed. Click
OK when completed.
Notes:
• Do not turn off or disconnect power to the TeraStation while formatting a drive.
• For drives of 2.2 TB or larger, make sure that the “GPT partition” checkbox is selected.
Encrypting Drives
Internal drives (and arrays) can be encrypted with 256-bit AES during formatting. Encrypted drives and arrays are
then readable only from that specific TeraStation. To decrypt a drive or array, clear the “Encryption” checkbox and
format it again.
Erasing Data on the TeraStation Completely
Under some circumstances, data from formatted drives can be recovered. The drive erasure process in this section
does a much more thorough job of erasing data. This procedure is recommended for removing all data from a drive
in a way that makes it nearly impossible to recover with current tools. The TeraStation will then be in the following
state:
• All drives in JBOD
• An empty shared folder on each drive
• All settings returned to their default values
• All logs deleted
If you remove a drive and then erase all data on the TeraStation, the LCD panel will show the E22 message and the
number of the removed drive. You can still use the TeraStation.
Follow the procedure below to completely and permanently erase all data from your TeraStation.
1 From Settings, click Management.
68
Page 70
2 Click to the right of “Restore/Erase”.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
3 Click Erase TeraStation.
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 All data on the TeraStation will be permanently erased.
Drive Quotas
You can set a drive quota to limit drive space for each user or group. You can also set a threshold. If the drive space
exceeds the configured threshold, an email notification will be sent. To configure email notifications for the drive
quota, refer to the “Email Notification” section in chapter 7.
Notes:
• When using quotas, disable the recycle bin or empty the trash folder often. The limited space includes the space
used for trash.
• Quotas apply per drive or per array. If a quota is set to 1 GB, each array or drive can use a maximum of 1 GB.
• Quotas cannot be set for external drives connected to the TeraStation.
• If both user and group quotas are configured for a user, the most restrictive quota will always apply.
• When joined to a domain, only local users and groups will be able to set quotas. Domain users and groups will be
able to configure access restrictions for shares but cannot set quotas.
Quotas for Users
Follow this procedure to limit the shared folder drive space available for a user.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Users”.
3 Select the user that will be given a quota and click Edit. If you want to set a quota for a new user, create a user
by referring to the “Adding a User” section in chapter 3.
69
Page 71
4 Enable quotas, choose the alert and the maximum amount of space the user will be allowed to use, and click
Chapter 4 Storage Management
OK.
Note: If you change the primary group, restart the TeraStation to apply the quota settings.
Quotas for Groups
Follow the procedure below to limit the space for shared folders that each group can use.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Groups”.
3 Select the group that will be given a quota and click Edit. If you want to set a quota for a new group, create a
group by referring to the “Adding a Group” section in chapter 3.
4 Enable quotas, choose the alert and the maximum amount of space the group will be allowed to use, and click
OK.
5 Click Close.
70
Page 72
6 Click to the right of “Users”.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
7 Select the user that will inherit the group quota settings and click Edit. If you want to add a new user to a
group with a quota, create a user by referring to the “Adding a User” section in chapter 3.
8 Select the group’s checkbox to join and change the user’s primary group to the group with the quota, then
click OK.
9 Click Close.
10 Click at the top-right of Settings and select Restart.
Size Limits
If LVM is enabled, volumes can be created with maximum size limits.
Notes:
• When creating an LVM volume, all data in the area where you specified for the LVM volume will be erased. Before
changing any settings, back up any important data.
• Do not use any of the following words for the name of a volume as these words are reserved for internal use by
the TeraStation: array x, authtest, disk x, global, homes, info, lost+found, lp, mediacartridge x, msdfs_root, mt-
daapd, printers, ram, spool, usbdisk x. Any instances of “x” denote a number (for example: array1 or disk3)
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “LVM”.
71
Page 73
3 Select the drive or array where the volume will be located and click Enable LVM.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 Click OK.
6 Click Edit under “NAS Volume”.
72
Page 74
7 Click Create Volume.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
8 Configure the desired settings, then click OK.
9 Click OK.
10 Click Close, then click Close again.
11 Navigate to File Sharing > Folder Setup.
12 Click Create Folder.
13 Configure the settings.
14 Select the volume that you created for “Drive/Array” on the Basic tab and click OK.
73
Page 75
Notes:
Chapter 4 Storage Management
• If you click Show under “Volume List”, the volumes will be listed on the screen and you can see if these volumes
are being used as iSCSI or NAS.
• If an LVM volume could not be mounted, try restarting the TeraStation. If an issue still exists, delete and recreate
the LVM volume. Deleting the LVM volume will erase data on the volume.
Using the TeraStation as an iSCSI Device
Introduction
iSCSI is a protocol for carrying SCSI commands over IP networks. Unlike traditional SAN protocols such as Fibre
Channel, which requires special-purpose cabling, iSCSI can be run over long distances using existing network
infrastructure. Normal Windows formatting such as NTFS is supported.
Differences Between NAS and iSCSI
With iSCSI, the TeraStation is connected to a single computer, such as a server. Other computers on the network
access files on the TeraStation through the computer it’s connected to. The TeraStation can be used as a local drive
from Windows Server. Features of Windows Server such as Active Directory can be used normally.
As a NAS, the TeraStation is a server, and computers (including other servers) on the network can access shared
folders on it directly. A separate server is not required, and features such as backup are built-in.
Network Configuration
Use gigabit or faster network equipment with iSCSI. For best results, a dedicated network for iSCSI is recommended,
separate from the regular network. By default, the IP address of the TeraStation is automatically assigned from a
DHCP server. However, in this case, if you turn off and restart the TeraStation, the IP address may be changed and
the volumes on the TeraStation may not be accessible. To avoid changing the IP address unexpectedly, using a static
IP address for the TeraStation is recommended.
Connection Tool
The Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator is already installed on your computer. You don’t need to download and install
it.
Creating an iSCSI Volume
To use the TeraStation as an iSCSI drive, create a volume first. Configure the TeraStation as described below.
Notes:
• If the volume settings are changed, all data on the volume will be erased. Before changing any settings, back up
any important data.
• The TeraStation can have up to 255 volumes, but we recommend creating no more than 32. Exceeding this
volume amount may cause irreparable damage to the unit.
• Do not use any of the following words for the name of a volume as these words are reserved for internal use by
the TeraStation: array x, authtest, disk x, global, homes, info, lost+found, lp, mediacartridge x, msdfs_root, mt-
daapd, printers, ram, spool, usbdisk x. Any instances of “x” denote a number (for example: array1 or disk3)
74
Page 76
1 From Settings, click Storage.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
2 Move the iSCSI switch to the position to enable iSCSI.
3 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
4 Click Create Volume.
5 Enter a volume name, volume description, drive or array where a volume will be created, and volume size. Click
OK when completed.
75
Page 77
If you enabled LVM for the target drive or array, or selected “File I/O” for the “Backstore” option, the volume size
Chapter 4 Storage Management
that you specify here can be changed later. To change the volume size, refer to the “Expanding Volume Sizes”
section below.
6 Click OK, then click OK again.
Notes:
• If you click Disable Connection for the selected volume in Storage > iSCSI in Settings, the selected iSCSI volume can
no longer be accessed. If you click Enable Connection, the volume will become accessible from the iSCSI initiator
software.
• If you selected “Block I/O” for the “Backstore” option, write cache (WCE) cannot be configured from the “Advanced
Settings” page.
Connecting or Disconnecting Volumes
Connecting Volumes
To connect a volume, follow the procedure below.
Note: Do not shut down the TeraStation while connecting to an iSCSI volume. It may cause unexpected data erasure.
Make sure all connections are disconnected before shutdown.
1 From Windows, navigate to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools > iSCSI Initiator.
76
Page 78
2 Enter the IP address of the TeraStation into the “Target” field and click Quick Connect.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
3 Confirm if the connection is established and click Done.
Formatting Volumes
If using the connected volume for the first time, the volume should be formatted to be used as a local drive. Follow
the procedure below for formatting.
1 From Windows, navigate to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools > Computer Management.
2 Click Disk Management.
When the “Initialize Disk” screen appears, click OK without changing any settings.
3 Right-click the drive volume that shows the status “Unallocated” and click New Simple Volume from the
displayed menu. Follow the screen to finish formatting.
When the formatting process is completed, the drive will be visible as an icon in Computer or This PC and can be
used as a normal drive on the computer.
Disconnecting a Volume
1 From Windows, navigate to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools > iSCSI Initiator.
The status of the connecting volume will be displayed as “Connected” under “Discovered targets”.
2 Select a volume to disconnect and click Disconnect.
3 Click Yes .
4 When the volume status is displayed as “Inactive”, the disconnection was carried out properly.
77
Page 79
Using with Multiple Computers
Chapter 4 Storage Management
If the TeraStation is divided into multiple volumes (or drives), it can be used with multiple computers. However, it is
not recommended to access a single volume or drive from multiple computers at the same time for security reasons.
When using the TeraStation as an iSCSI device, it should only connect to a single initiator unless the computer
running the initiator also has clustering enabled and configured on its operating system. To avoid using multiple
initiators for access, enable mutual authentication.
Checking Whether iSCSI Volume Is Connected
To check whether an iSCSI volume is connected, navigate to Storage > iSCSI. Current volumes will be listed. If
“Connected” is displayed under “Status”, the volume is currently connected to the client.
Configuring Access Restrictions
A CHAP name and secret can be configured for the entire iSCSI volume or each existing volume. Access restrictions
can be configured so that entering a target CHAP name and secret is required for each connection.
The TeraStation can perform mutual authentication (two-way authentication). Dual passwords ensure that only
authorized client computers can access the volume on the TeraStation.
Follow the procedure below to enable access restrictions.
Configuring Access Restrictions for the Entire TeraStation
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
3 Click the Security tab.
4 Click Edit under “Access Control (Target Discovery)”.
78
Page 80
5 Enable authentication, enter the target CHAP name and secret, and click OK.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Note: To enable mutual authentication in addition to target CHAP name and secret authentication, select the
“Enable mutual authentication” checkbox and enter the initiator CHAP secret.
To search or connect the volume which has mutual authentication enabled from Microsoft iSCSI Initiator,
initiator CHAP secret settings should be configured.
6 Click OK when completed.
Connecting Volumes on the Access-Restricted TeraStation
If access restrictions are configured for the entire iSCSI volume, that volume will not be detected by Microsoft iSCSI
Initiator. To connect that volume, the target CHAP name and secret should be authenticated.
1 Open the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator.
2 Register the initiator CHAP secret to your computer first. If you didn’t enable mutual authentication, skip this
step.
Click CHAP on the Configuration tab. Enter the configured initiator CHAP secret into the “Initiator CHAP secret”
field and click OK.
3 From the Discovery tab, click Discover Portal.
4 Enter the TeraStation’s IP address into the “IP address or DNS name” field and click Advanced.
5 Select the “Enable CHAP log on” checkbox and enter the target CHAP name into the “Name” field and the
target CHAP secret into the “Target secret” field.
If mutual authentication is enabled, select the “Perform mutual authentication” checkbox.
6 Click OK, then click OK again.
7 The iSCSI volumes on the TeraStation will be listed under “Discovered targets” on the Targets tab. Select the
desired volume to connect and click Connect.
8 Click OK.
9 When the status of the selected volume is displayed as “Connected”, the connection is established properly.
79
Page 81
Configuring Access Restrictions for Individual Volumes
Chapter 4 Storage Management
If access restrictions are configured for a volume, that volume cannot be accessed unless the target CHAP name and
secret are authenticated.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
3 Click the volume to enable access restrictions.
4 Enable authentication, enter the target CHAP name and secret, and click OK.
Note: To enable mutual authentication, select the “Enable” checkbox to the right of “Mutual Authentication”
and enter the initiator CHAP secret.
5 Click OK when completed.
Connecting to Individual Volumes that Are Access-Restricted
1 Open the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator.
2 Register the initiator CHAP secret to your computer first. If you didn’t enable mutual authentication, skip this
step.
80
Page 82
Click CHAP on the Configuration tab. Enter the configured initiator CHAP secret into the “Initiator CHAP secret”
Chapter 4 Storage Management
field and click OK.
3 From the Discovery tab, click Discover Portal.
4 Enter the TeraStation’s IP address into the “IP address or DNS name” field and click OK.
5 The iSCSI volumes on the TeraStation will be listed under “Discovered targets” on the Targets tab. Select the
desired volume to connect and click Connect.
6 Click Advanced.
7 Select the “Enable CHAP log on” checkbox and enter the target CHAP name into the “Name” field and the
target CHAP secret into the “Target secret” field.
If mutual authentication is enabled, select the “Perform mutual authentication” checkbox.
8 Click OK, then click OK again.
9 When the status of the selected volume is displayed as “Connected”, the connection is established properly.
Expanding Volume Sizes
The volume size of the existing volumes can be expanded after they are created.
Notes:
• Expanding the volume size may erase all data on the volume depending on the formatting type. Backing up the
data before expanding the volume size is recommended.
• To expand the volume size, the volume should have “File I/O” selected for the “Backstore” option, or the volume
needs to have been created in a drive or array with LVM enabled.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
3 Select the volume to expand.
81
Page 83
4 Enter the desired volume size to add and click OK.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
5 Click OK.
Deleting Volumes
To delete an existing volume, follow the procedure below.
Note: Deleting a volume will erase all data on the volume. Back up the data before deleting the volume.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
82
Page 84
3 Select the volume to delete and click Delete Volume.
Chapter 4 Storage Management
4 Confirm that the volume is correctly selected on the screen and click OK.
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Click OK.
Advanced Settings
You can configure the following advanced parameters for each iSCSI volume.
Advanced Parameter Description
HeaderDigest Controls the HeaderDigest usage by the iSCSI target portal group endpoint.
DataDigest Controls the DataDigest usage by the iSCSI target portal group (TPG) endpoint.
Controls the usage of Multiple Connections per Session (MC/S). Initiator and
MaxConnections
InitialR2T
ImmediateData
MaxRecvDataSegmentLength
MaxXmitDataSegmentLength Maximum data segment length in bytes that can be sent.
MaxBurstLength
FirstBurstLength
MaxOutstandingR2T The R2T PDUs that can be in transition before an acknowledge PDU is received.
QueuedCommands Maximum number of commands queued to any session of this target.
File I/O Write Sync
target negotiate the maximum number of connections requested and/or
acceptable.
Turns on or off the default use of R2T (Ready to Transfer) for unidirectional and
the output part of bidirectional commands.
Indicates whether the initiator and target have agreed to support immediate
data on this session.
Maximum data segment length in bytes the initiator and target can receive in
an iSCSI Protocol Data Unit (PDU).
Maximum iSCSI data payload in a Data-In or a solicited Data-Out iSCSI
sequence, in bytes.
Maximum amount in bytes of unsolicited data an iSCSI initiator can send to the
target during the execution of a single SCSI command.
Synchronous file I/O provides reliability but slower performance. Asynchronous
writes are faster, but buffered data will be lost if a power outage occurs.
83
Page 85
Advanced Parameter Description
Chapter 4 Storage Management
Write Cache (WCE) Increases performance. This cannot be used when block I/O is selected.
LUN Number used to identify a local unit.
84
Page 86
Chapter 5 Backup
Chapter 5 Backup
Backing Up Data on the TeraStation
You can back up the TeraStation folders to another shared folder on the same TeraStation, a connected USB drive, or
a shared folder on another Buffalo NAS device, either on the same network or on another network. For best results,
using a 10GbE port to connect a backup device is recommended.
LAN port 3
(Static IP)
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Backup Source
Network
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Backup Destination
The following describes what can be configured as backup sources and backup destinations.
LAN port 3
(Static IP)
Folders Available as Backup Sources
• Shared folders on this TeraStation (excluding the “info” folder)
• USB drives connected to this TeraStation
• Shared folders on another Buffalo NAS device
• Shared folders on an rsync-compatible device
*2
*1
Folders Available as Backup Destinations
For normal and overwrite backups:
• Shared folders on this TeraStation (excluding the “info” folder)
• USB drives connected to this TeraStation
• Shared folders on another Buffalo NAS device
• Shared folders on an rsync-compatible device
*2, 3
*2, 4
*2
For management backup:
• Shared folders on this TeraStation (excluding the “info” folder)
• USB drives connected to this TeraStation
*1 You can select up to the second level of folders. However, if the folder name of second level folders will become
80 bytes or more in total, that folder may not appear as the target folder.
*2 The “Backup” checkbox under “LAN Protocol Support” on the shared folder settings should be selected for the
folder.
85
Page 87
*3 If the “Inherit subfolders’ access restrictions” option is selected when creating a backup job, use XFS or ext3 file
Chapter 5 Backup
systems.
*4 If the “Inherit subfolders’ access restrictions” option is selected when creating a backup job, the device should be
a Buffalo NAS device whose subfolders’ access restrictions is available.
Preparing a Backup Destination
First, configure a shared folder on a Buffalo NAS device or connected USB device as a backup destination. The
following procedure explains using another shared folder on a TeraStation as a backup destination. The procedure
may vary depending on which Buffalo NAS device is selected as a destination.
Note: If you want to set this TeraStation as the backup destination for an rsync-compatible device, refer to the “If
Backing Up from rsync-Compatible Devices to the TeraStation” section instead of following the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Choose the folder to set as a backup destination.
4 Under “LAN Protocol Support”, select the “Backup” checkbox on the Basic tab.
5 Click OK and proceed to the next step to create a backup device access key.
6 Enter the desired characters into the backup device access key field and click OK.
Note: You may leave this field blank if you do not want a backup device access key, but for security reasons
we highly recommend entering one for the shared folder. If a backup device access key is configured for the
86
Page 88
shared folder, that folder will not show up as a target for the backup source or destination when configuring a
Chapter 5 Backup
backup job on another Buffalo NAS device unless it’s entered. You may create multiple folders using different
backup device access keys for backup and replication, but only one access key can be used on the TeraStation.
Folders that are configured with a different access key cannot be used.
Configuring a Backup Job
You can configure backup jobs by using another shared folder on the Buffalo NAS device or a USB drive connected
to the TeraStation as a destination. You can also back up to a Buffalo NAS device on another network as long as the
two networks are connected by a VPN or the route is configured properly.
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Backup”.
3 If you had configured a backup device access key for the backup source folder on another Buffalo NAS device
or the backup destination folder, click Set. If you hadn’t, skip to step 5.
4 Enter the backup device access key and click OK.
87
Page 89
5 Click Add.
Chapter 5 Backup
6 Select backup settings such as date and time to run. Refer to the differences between the backup modes in the
following “Backup Modes” section.
88
Page 90
7 Click Add.
Chapter 5 Backup
8 Select the shared folder that will be the backup source and destination.
Notes:
• If you want to back up to a Buffalo NAS device on another network, follow the procedure below to add the
Buffalo NAS device on another network before selecting the backup folders.
a. Click List of Servers.
b. Click Add; select the “Add Buffalo NAS device” option, enter the IP address or hostname of the
destination Buffalo NAS device, then click OK.
c. Click Close when completed.
d. Click Refresh and make sure the desired Buffalo NAS device has been added to the list.
• If you want to back up to an rsync-compatible device, follow the procedure below to add the rsynccompatible device before selecting the backup folders.
a. Click List of Servers.
b. Click Add; select the “Add rsync-compatible device” option, enter the IP address or hostname of the
destination device, then click OK. If you want to encrypt the rsync access, enable rsync over SSH and
enter the rsync account settings.
c. Click Close when completed.
d. Click Refresh and make sure the desired rsync-compatible device has been added to the list.
9 Click OK, then click OK again. Jobs will be added to the backup list.
Notes:
• Up to eight backup jobs can be configured at a time, and 25 backup source and destination folder pairs can be
• To inherit the subfolders’ access restriction settings to the backup destination, the backup destination should also
used in one backup job.
support the subfolders’ access restrictions. Check it before creating a backup job.
89
Page 91
• To back up data between Buffalo NAS devices on a network using jumbo frames, make sure that both devices are
Chapter 5 Backup
configured to use identical (or similar) MTU sizes. If MTU sizes are significantly different, the backup job may not
be properly performed. In such a case, select the default MTU size (1500 bytes) for both devices.
• You can also specify a hostname by a fully qualified domain name (FQDN).
• Windows-based TeraStations with multibyte characters in the hostname may not be detected as a backup
destination, and folders in these devices cannot be used as backup destination folders.
• Backup data, such as “.DS_Store” files, from macOS may include characters that cannot be read on FAT32formatted drives in its filename. For best results, reformat the drive before using it as a backup destination.
If Backing Up from rsync-Compatible Devices to the TeraStation
If you want to set an rsync-compatible device as the backup source and back up data on it to the TeraStation, you
will need to enable rsync access on the TeraStation.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “rsync”.
3 Enter this TeraStation’s admin password into the “Password” field and click OK.
Note: If you want to encrypt the rsync access, enable rsync over SSH.
4 Move the rsync switch to the position to enable rsync.
90
Page 92
Backup Modes
Chapter 5 Backup
The following types of backup jobs may be selected:
Type Files included
All files in the source will be backed up to the destination. You can specify
how many backup versions to keep from 1–400, or select “Unlimited” to keep
Normal backup
Overwrite (incremental)
Overwrite (differential)
Management backup
all backups until the drive is full. If a specific number of backup versions is
specified, the backup destination folder should be on the same TeraStation
that the backup job is configured from, or on an external USB drive attached to
that TeraStation.
The first backup job runs like a normal backup. In subsequent backups, files
added to the source as well as files deleted from the source are kept in the
backup folder.
The first backup job runs like a normal backup. As each additional backup job
runs, files will be added to and deleted from the backup folder. The backup
destination folder is always the same size as the backup source folder.
Each time a backup is executed, management information is stored, and
only files that have changed are copied or deleted. Data is retrieved from the
previous backup file for files that were not changed. This is useful for making
backups with limited space or for referencing status at a particular point in
time (for data snapshot applications). The destination folder for a management
backup should be a local folder on this TeraStation or on a USB drive attached
to it. The destination folder will be set to read-only. Do not use folders from
drives formatted with FAT.
You can specify how many backup versions to keep from 1–400, or select
“Unlimited” to keep all backups until the drive is full. The backup destination
folder should be on the same TeraStation that the backup job is configured
from, or on an external USB drive attached to that TeraStation.
Backup Logs When Backup Fails
When backup fails, the I54 message appears on the LCD panel and the following backup error codes may be
displayed in the “Status” field. Read the description and try the respective corrective actions for each error to resolve
it.
Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
rsync error: errors
selecting input/
output files, dirs (code
3) at main.c(634)
[Receiver=3.1.0]
Can’t write to backup
destination(target disk
is broken?).
rsync error: error
starting client-server
protocol (code 5) at
main.c(1504)
@ERROR: auth failed on
module
@ERROR: permission
denied
Code 3
Code 5
The backup destination USB
drive could not be found.
The backup destination shared
folder could not be found.
Authentication failed.
A registered user does not
have permission to run.
Check that the backup destination
USB drive is connected to the
TeraStation properly.
Check that the Ethernet cable is
securely connected and that the hub
or other devices on the network are
turned on.
Try adding the rsync-compatible NAS
device from the server list again.
Check the settings of the rsynccompatible NAS device.
91
Page 93
Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
Chapter 5 Backup
The Ethernet cable was
Code 10
Code 11
disconnected from the backup
source TeraStation when the
backup job started.
A backup destination doesn’t
support the subfolders’ access
restrictions.
The drive capacity of the
backup destination TeraStation
became full.
Files larger than 4 GB were
backed up to the FAT32formatted USB drive.
Reconnect the Ethernet cable.
Select another backup destination
or remove the subfolders’ access
restrictions.
Delete unnecessary files and folders.
Reduce the file size to 4 GB or less, or
change the file system to one other
than FAT32. Refer to the “Adding an
External Drive” section in chapter 4 for
rsync error: error in
socket IO (code 10)
at clientserver.c(128)
[sender=3.1.0pre1]
rsync error: error
in file IO (code 11)
at receiver.c(389)
[receiver=3.1.0]
rsync: write failed on
“filename”: File too
large (27)
compatible file systems.
Could not communicate
between backup source and
destination TeraStations.
Code 12
The settings of the TeraStation
were changed while the
backup job was running.
Check that the Ethernet cable is
securely connected and that the hub
or other devices on the network are
turned on.
Do not change the settings while the
backup job is running. If changed, the
connection is temporarily terminated
and the backup job will fail.
rsync error: error in
rsync protocol data
stream (code 12) at
io.c(515)
ERROR: out of memory
in flist_expand
Code 14
rsync error: error
in IPC code (code
14) at main.c(655)
[receiver=2.6.8]
rsync: fork failed in do_
recv: Cannot allocate
memory (12)
rsync error: error
allocating core
Code 22
Insufficient memory on the
TeraStation was not enough
so that the backup job did not
run.
Reduce the number of backup
destination files or disable any other
functions running at the same time.
memory buffers
(code 22) at util.c(120)
[sender=2.6.8]
Code 20
The connection was
disconnected while the
backup job was running.
Do not change the settings while the
backup job is running. If changed, the
connection is temporarily terminated
and the backup job will fail.
rsync error: received
SIGINT, SIGTERM, or
SIGHUP (code 20) at
rsync.c(242)
92
Page 94
Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
Chapter 5 Backup
Change the filename or folder
Invalid characters were used in
the filename or folder name of
the backup destinations.
name using compatible characters.
Available characters are described in
the “Adding a Shared Folder” section
in chapter 3.
Do not overwrite the backup
The backup destination files
were updated while the
backup job was running.
Code 23
The TeraStation backed
up the data to the FAT32formatted USB drive, then the
capitalization of letters in the
filenames or folder names on
the backup source TeraStation
was changed.
destination files while the backup job
is running. If updated, the backup
destination files will not be backed up
and the backup job will fail.
Do not change the capitalization
of letters in the filenames and
folder names on the backup source
TeraStation if the backup destination
USB drive is formatted to FAT32. Linux
on the TeraStation is case-sensitive
but FAT isn’t, so the same filename
and folder name that only differs in
the capitalization of letters will not be
identified and treated as the same file
rsync error: some
files could not be
transferred (code 23) at
main.c(702)
or folder. To back up properly, using
XFS or ext3 is recommended.
Code 24
Code 30
B14
The backup destination files
were updated while the
backup job was running.
The Ethernet cable was
disconnected from the
backup source or destination
TeraStations while the backup
job was running.
Insufficient TeraStation
memory.
Do not overwrite the backup
destination files while the backup job
is running. If updated, the backup
destination files will not be backed up
and the backup job will fail.
Reconnect the Ethernet cable.
Restart the TeraStation and try again. -
rsync warning:
some files vanished
before they could be
transferred (code 24) at
main.c
rsync error: timeout
in data send/receive
(code 30) at io.c(195)
[sender=3.1.0]
Check that the backup destination
TeraStation is turned on, the Ethernet
B101
cables are securely connected,
and the hostname of the backup
-
destination TeraStation is not
The backup destination
TeraStation does not exist.
changed.
Check that the backup destination
folders on the backup destination
B102
TeraStation exist in the shared folder
list and the backup destination
-
folders are configured for backup in
Settings.
B103
The backup source folders on
the backup source TeraStation
do not exist.
Check that the backup source folders
on the backup source TeraStation
exist in the shared folder list.
-
93
Page 95
Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
Chapter 5 Backup
Check that the backup destination
folders on the backup destination
TeraStation exist in the shared folder
list.
Check that the drives are recognized
properly in Settings. If you configure
the “usbdisk” folders for the backup
source or destinations, confirm if
these folders exist in the shared folder
list.
Check that the USB drive is formatted
to the compatible file systems. If you
configure the management backup in
the backup job, FAT format cannot be
used for the backup destination.
Restart the TeraStation and try again. -
Try adding the rsync-compatible NAS
device from the server list again.
-
-
-
-
B104
B105
B106
B107
B108
The backup destination folders
on the backup destination
TeraStation do not exist.
The drives were not
recognized.
The file systems of the USB
drive are not supported.
The device files such as “/dev/
null” etc. does not exist.
Credentials to access a shared
folder on the rsync-compatible
NAS device were not found.
Replication
Replication copies all data from a share to a share on a different TeraStation. This is an easy way to configure a
reliable system to provide data protection in the event your main TeraStation fails. To configure replication, connect
an Ethernet cable to the LAN port of each TeraStation and follow the procedure below. For best results, use static IP
addresses and a 10GbE port for connecting both replication TeraStations (source and destination).
LAN port 3
(Static IP)
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Replication Source
Network
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Replication Destination
Note: Replication source data is copied to the replication destination folder with a differential overwrite. Any data
that is not in the replication source will be overwritten.
LAN port 3
(Static IP)
The following describes what can be configured as replication sources and replication destinations.
Folders Available as Replication Sources
• Shared folders on this TeraStation (excluding the “info” folder)
*1
94
Page 96
• USB drives connected to this TeraStation
Chapter 5 Backup
Folders Available as Replication Destinations
• Shared folders on this TeraStation (excluding the “info” folder)
• USB drives connected to this TeraStation
• Shared folders on another Buffalo NAS device
*1 You can select up to the second level of folders. However, if the folder name of second level folders will become
80 bytes or more in total, that folder may not appear as the target folder.
*2 The “Backup” checkbox under “LAN Protocol Support” on the shared folder settings should be selected for the
folder.
*3 If the “Inherit subfolders’ access restrictions” option is selected when creating a replication job, use XFS or ext3 file
systems.
*4 If the “Inherit subfolders’ access restrictions” option is selected when creating a replication job, the device should
be a Buffalo NAS device whose subfolders’ access restrictions is available.
*3
*4
*2
Preparing a Replication Destination
First, configure a folder as a replication destination. Follow the procedure below to prepare a replication destination.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Choose the folder to set as a replication destination.
4 Under “LAN Protocol Support”, select the “Backup” checkbox on the Basic tab.
95
Page 97
5 Click OK and proceed to the next step to create a backup device access key.
Chapter 5 Backup
6 Enter the desired characters into the backup device access key field and click OK.
Note: You may leave this field blank if you do not want a backup device access key, but for security reasons
we highly recommend entering one for the shared folder. If a backup device access key is configured for the
shared folder, that folder will not show up as the replication destination when configuring a replication job on
another Buffalo NAS device unless it’s entered. You may create multiple folders using different backup device
access keys for backup and replication, but only one access key can be used on the TeraStation. Folders that
are configured with a different access key cannot be used.
Configuring a Replication Job
Note: To replicate the subfolders’ access restriction settings, the USB drive should be formatted using ext3 or XFS.
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Replication”.
3 Click Edit.
96
Page 98
4 If you had configured a backup device access key for the replication destination folder, click Set. If you hadn’t,
Chapter 5 Backup
skip to step 6.
5 Enter the backup device access key and click OK.
6 Click Add.
7 Select the shared folder that will be the replication source and destination, then click OK.
Note: If you want to back up to a Buffalo NAS device on another network, follow the procedure below to add
the Buffalo NAS device on another network before selecting the backup folders.
97
Page 99
a. Click List of Servers.
Chapter 5 Backup
b. Click Add; select the “Add Buffalo NAS device” option, enter the IP address or hostname of the destination
Buffalo NAS device, then click OK.
c. Click Close when completed.
d. Click Refresh and make sure the desired Buffalo NAS device has been added to the list.
8 Click OK, then Yes .
Notes:
• During setup, you may choose to encrypt and/or compress replication data. Encrypted data will be transferred
securely on the network. Compressed data will ease network loading and is recommended for slow or heavily
loaded network connections. Either will increase the CPU load on the source TeraStation. Encrypted or
compressed data will be decrypted or decompressed on the destination TeraStation.
• A maximum of 64 shared folders can be configured for replication.
• Replication can also be used to copy all data from a share to a share on an attached external USB drive. Format
the drive with ext3 or XFS before using it for replication. Drives with FAT32 partitions are not supported with
replication.
• You can select the first and second levels of shared folders and USB drives connected to the TeraStation as
the replication source. Folders whose names contain more than 80 alphanumeric characters or “@” cannot be
selected.
As the replication destination, you can select the first level of shared folders, USB drives, and on/off-subnet NAS
devices’ shared folders.
• Don’t use the same TeraStation for both failover and replication, or replication and Time Machine.
• Don’t configure replication from one source folder to multiple destination folders.
• If a network problem causes a replication error, unsynced data may be shown as “0” even though replication is
incomplete. Click Resync to recover from the replication error. All files from the source folder will be copied to the
destination folder.
98
Page 100
• To inherit the subfolders’ access restriction settings to the replication destination, the replication destination
Chapter 5 Backup
should also support the subfolders’ access restrictions. Verify it before creating a replication job.
Synchronizing Between Source and Destination TeraStations Periodically
To copy files that are saved via other file sharing protocols such as AFP or FTP to the replication destination regularly,
configure “Periodic Sync” in Settings. Follow the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Replication”.
3 Click Periodic Sync.
4 Select “Daily” or “Weekly” from the “Schedule” drop-down list. If “Daily” is selected, configure the sync period. If
5 When the configuration is completed, click OK.
“Weekly” is selected, specify the weekdays and the sync period.
99
Loading...