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Network Attached Storage
TeraStation 3010
User Manual
Please make sure to read this manual before using and follow the procedures. If you have any inquiries about
the product, contact the number on the warranty statement or the packing box. Do not discard the included
documents, the warranty statement, or the packing box.
Americas: www.buffaloamericas.com
Europe: www.buffalo-technology.com
Asia Pacific: www.buffalo-asia.com
35021138-15
October, 2018
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Contents
Chapter 1 Getting Started .............................................9
Diagrams ...........................................................................................9
Turning the TeraStation On and Off............................................. 11
Creating an Initialization Drive .................................................... 14
Chapter 2 Configuration ............................................. 15
Running the Setup Wizard ............................................................ 15
Setting Up Through Setup Wizard .......................................................... 15
Opening Setup Wizard ............................................................................18
Opening Settings .......................................................................... 19
Checking the Device Information from Dashboard ..............................21
Chapter 3 File Sharing ................................................. 22
Configuring Shared Folders ......................................................... 22
Adding a Shared Folder ........................................................................... 22
Recycle Bin ................................................................................................24
Read-Only Shares .....................................................................................24
Hidden Shares .......................................................................................... 25
Configuring Users ......................................................................... 25
Adding a User ........................................................................................... 25
Importing User Information ....................................................................28
Adding a Group ............................................................................. 28
Configuring Access Restrictions for Shared Folders .................. 31
Local Users and Groups ...........................................................................31
Active Directory .......................................................................................32
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Configuring Access Restrictions for Subfolders ......................... 35
Enabling Subfolders’ Access Restrictions ..............................................35
Restoring Owner and Permission Settings ............................................37
Chapter 4 Storage Management ................................ 40
RAID Modes ................................................................................... 40
Working with RAID Arrays ............................................................ 41
Using JBOD ............................................................................................... 41
Changing RAID Mode ..............................................................................42
Shutting Down the TeraStation Automatically If Error Occurred.........43
Configuring Actions If a Drive Used for the RAID Array Has Not Been
Discovered ................................................................................................ 45
Configuring a Hot Spare .......................................................................... 47
Expanding RAID Capacity without Deleting Data .................................49
RAID Scanning..........................................................................................53
Adding an External Drive ............................................................. 54
Connecting an External Drive ................................................................. 54
Compatibility ...........................................................................................54
Dismounting Drives ...................................................................... 55
Dismounting with the Function Button .................................................55
Dismounting from Settings ....................................................................55
Checking Drives ............................................................................ 56
S.M.A.R.T. ....................................................................................... 57
Displaying S.M.A.R.T. Information .........................................................57
Checking Drive Condition .......................................................................58
Formatting Drives ......................................................................... 59
Encrypting Drives .......................................................................... 60
Erasing Data on the TeraStation Completely .............................. 60
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Drive Quotas .................................................................................. 61
Quotas for Users .......................................................................................61
Quotas for Groups ...................................................................................62
Size Limits ................................................................................................. 63
Using the TeraStation as an iSCSI Device .................................... 66
Introduction .............................................................................................66
Creating an iSCSI Volume ........................................................................66
Connecting or Disconnecting Volumes .................................................. 68
Using with Multiple Computers .............................................................. 70
Configuring Access Restrictions .............................................................70
Expanding Volume Sizes .........................................................................73
Deleting Volumes .....................................................................................74
Chapter 5 Backup ........................................................ 76
Backing Up to a Buffalo NAS Device ............................................ 76
Preparing a Backup Destination ............................................................. 76
Configuring a Backup Job .......................................................................77
Backing Up to rsync-Compatible Devices ................................... 81
Preparing a Backup Destination ............................................................. 81
Configuring a Backup Job .......................................................................81
Backing Up from rsync-Compatible Devices .............................. 85
Backup Logs .................................................................................. 86
Replication ..................................................................................... 89
Preparing a Replication Destination ......................................................89
Configuring a Replication Job ................................................................90
Synchronizing between Source and Destination TeraStations
Periodically ............................................................................................... 93
Failover .......................................................................................... 94
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Before Configuring Failover ....................................................................95
Usage Restrictions ...................................................................................96
Configuring Failover ................................................................................ 97
Replacing to the Backup TeraStation Manually ....................................99
Reconfiguring After Failover Occurs ......................................................99
Synchronizing between Main and Backup TeraStations Periodically 101
Backing Up Your Mac with Time Machine ................................. 102
Chapter 6 Remote Access .......................................... 109
WebAccess ................................................................................... 109
FTP ................................................................................................ 111
Synchronizing with Cloud Storage ............................................ 112
Preparing for Cloud Storage .................................................................113
Uploading Files to Cloud Storage ......................................................... 115
Synchronizing with Dropbox ..................................................... 119
Configuring a New Job ..........................................................................119
Changing Job Settings ..........................................................................121
Creating a Shared Link (Windows Only) ...............................................125
Using Microsoft Azure for Data Preservation ........................... 125
Creating a New Backup Job ...................................................................125
Creating a New Restore Job ..................................................................133
Changing Job Settings ..........................................................................137
Chapter 7 Advanced Features .................................. 141
Antivirus Software ...................................................................... 141
Activating Virus Scanning .....................................................................141
Configuring Security Settings ..............................................................142
Licenses ..................................................................................................144
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Connecting Through a Proxy Server ....................................................145
Updating Antivirus Pattern Files ..........................................................145
Configuring Folders as Virus Scanning Targets ...................................147
Virus Scanning .......................................................................................147
Checking the Log ...................................................................................148
Online Help ............................................................................................. 150
Email Notification ....................................................................... 150
Sleep Mode .................................................................................. 152
Wake-on-LAN .............................................................................. 154
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) ......................................... 155
Port Trunking ............................................................................... 157
Offline Files .................................................................................. 158
Accessing from an NFS Client ..................................................... 159
Encrypting Data Transmission ................................................... 164
Encrypting Settings Data ......................................................................164
Encrypting FTP Transfer Data ...............................................................164
SSL Keys ..................................................................................................164
SNMP ............................................................................................ 165
Saving and Applying Settings .................................................... 166
Saving Settings ......................................................................................166
Applying Settings ..................................................................................167
Transferring Another TeraStation’s Settings ............................. 168
Creating a Config File (.nas_config) ......................................................168
Transferring Settings .............................................................................169
Restoring Factory Defaults ......................................................... 170
Initializing from Settings ......................................................................170
Initializing with the USB Initialization Drive .......................................170
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Resetting the Administrator Password ..................................... 172
Logs .............................................................................................. 172
Displaying TeraStation’s Logs ...............................................................172
Transferring Logs to the Syslog Server ................................................173
Creating a Link to the Logs in the Shared Folder ................................174
Changing Archive Rules for File Access Logs .......................................176
Updating the Firmware ............................................................... 177
Updating Manually ................................................................................177
Updating Automatically ........................................................................178
Configuring Update Notification ............................................... 179
Name, Date, Time, and Language .............................................. 181
Beep Alerts .................................................................................. 183
LEDs .............................................................................................. 183
Proxy Server ................................................................................ 184
Jumbo Frames ............................................................................. 185
Changing the IP Address ............................................................ 187
Mapping IP Address and Hostname .......................................... 189
Boot Authentication ................................................................... 191
Notes Before Use ....................................................................................191
Important Notice ...................................................................................191
Setting Up the Authentication Server on a Windows PC ....................192
Configuring Boot Authentication on the TeraStation .........................192
If the TeraStation Cannot Be Accessed .................................................194
Chapter 8 Drive Replacement ................................... 197
LEDs .............................................................................................. 197
Drive Replacement Procedure ................................................... 198
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Using JBOD or a Redundant RAID Mode and TeraStation Is On ......... 198
Using a Redundant RAID Mode and TeraStation Is Off .......................200
Using RAID 0 ........................................................................................... 201
Using a Hot Spare ...................................................................................202
Replacing a Non-Malfunctioning Drive ..................................... 203
Chapter 9 Utilities ...................................................... 204
NAS Navigator2 for Windows ..................................................... 204
Mounting as a Network Drive ...............................................................207
Changing the IP Address .......................................................................207
NAS Navigator2 for macOS ........................................................ 208
Mounting as a Network Drive ...............................................................209
Changing the IP Address .......................................................................209
NovaBACKUP ............................................................................... 210
Chapter 10 Appendix ................................................ 211
TeraStation Does Not Work Properly ......................................... 211
Power LED Keeps Blinking ....................................................................211
Booting the TeraStation in Emergency Mode ......................................212
Cleaning the Dustproof Filter .................................................... 212
Info and Error LEDs ..................................................................... 214
Errors .......................................................................................................214
Status ......................................................................................................215
Default Settings .......................................................................... 217
Specifications .............................................................................. 218
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Chapter 11 Regulatory Compliance Information .... 220
For Customers in the United States ........................................... 220
For Customers in Europe ............................................................ 220
For Customers in Taiwan ............................................................. 223
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Chapter 1 Getting Started
Chapter 1 Getting Started
Diagrams
Depending on the number or type of drives in the unit, the model name will be different. Check the sticker on the
packing box for your unit’s model name.
TS3210DN
TS3410DN
123 456
11
7
9
8
123 456
10
11
12 13 14
19
15
16
15
7
9
8
9
10
12
13
14
16
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Chapter 1 Getting Started
TS3410RN
10 17 10 18 3456 10 1710 9122
11 18 12 16 15 1113 14
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1 Power Button ( )
To power on, connect the power cable and wait for 10 seconds, then press the power button. To power off,
press and hold the power button for three seconds.
If the TeraStation beeps, pressing this button for a short period will stop the beeping.
2 Power LED
For TS3210DN and TS3410DN, the LED glows green when the TeraStation is on. For TS3410RN, the LED glows
white when the TeraStation is on.
3 Info LED
If there is a status message, the amber info LED will light up. Check the Settings interface or NAS Navigator2 to
see the status message.
4 Error LED
If there is an error, the red error LED will light up. Check the Settings interface or NAS Navigator2 to see the
error message.
5 LAN1 LED
When LAN port 1 is connected, this LED glows green. It blinks when the connection is active.
6 LAN2 LED
When LAN port 2 is connected, this LED glows green. It blinks when the connection is active.
7 Function Button
Use this button for dismounting USB devices, rebuilding RAID arrays, configuring failover, stopping the
TeraStation’s beeping, and initializing settings using a USB drive.
8 Drive Lock ( )
Open the front panel with the key to replace drives or access the init button.
9 Init Button
Press and hold this button to initialize the TeraStation’s admin username and password, IP settings, SSL, and
service port restriction settings to their factory default values. The effects of this button can be changed in
Settings.
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Chapter 1 Getting Started
10 Status LEDs
Normally, these LEDs blink green when drives are accessed. If a drive fails, its LED will turn red.
11 Fan
Spins to avoid overheating inside. Do not block the fan.
12 USB 3.0 Port ( )
Compatible Buffalo USB drives, USB memory devices, and USB UPS connections can be connected. USB hubs
are not compatible.
13 LAN Port 1 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
14 LAN Port 2 ( )
Connect an Ethernet cable to use this port for your network. It is available for communicating at max. 1000
Mbps.
15 Power Connector
Use the included power cable to connect to a UPS, surge protector, or outlet.
16 Anti-Theft Security Slot ( )
Use this slot to secure your TeraStation with a cable lock (not included).
17 Serial Number
This sticker shows the TeraStation’s serial number.
18 UID Button
Press the UID button on the front or the back of the unit to cycle the blue LED on and off.
19 Link LED
Glows green when the TeraStation is connected to a network.
Turning the TeraStation On and Off
Note: Do not disconnect or reconnect the internal drives while turning on or off the TeraStation.
Press the power button on the TeraStation to turn it on.
To turn off the TeraStation, press and hold the power button for three seconds. Don’t unplug the TeraStation without
turning it off first. You can also shut it down and restart it remotely from Settings.
1 Double-click the NAS Navigator2 icon ( ) to start NAS Navigator2.
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Chapter 1 Getting Started
2 Right-click your TeraStation’s icon and select Settings. For macOS, select the TeraStation’s icon while holding
down the control key, then select Settings.
3 Enter the username and password, then click OK.
Note: The default username and password are “admin” and “password”.
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Chapter 1 Getting Started
4 Settings will open.
5 Click at the top-right of Settings and choose Shut Down.
6 Click Yes .
7 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
When the power LED on the front of the TeraStation turns off, the shutdown process is completed.
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Chapter 1 Getting Started
Creating an Initialization Drive
We recommend creating an initialization drive as soon as possible. This USB drive can be used to initialize the
TeraStation’s settings to its factory default values or recover the system if your TeraStation encounters an error that
prevents the unit from booting. For the detailed procedure, refer to the “Creating an Initialization Drive” subsection
in chapter 7.
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Chapter 2 Configuration
Chapter 2 Configuration
Configure and manage your TeraStation using the Settings interface, accessible from a browser window. Open the
interface using the procedure below or type the TeraStation’s IP address into the URL field of your browser.
Note: Microsoft Edge, Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer 9 or later, and Safari 9 or later are supported. If you
have difficulty viewing Settings, check the following:
• If there are a large number of registered users, groups, or shared folders, use another browser instead of Internet
Explorer.
• If you have a proxy server enabled in the browser settings, configure the exception settings for Settings or disable
the proxy server.
• With Internet Explorer, set security to Local intranet. On Windows Server operating systems, higher-level security
is configured by default. Set the security to a lower level temporarily.
Running the Setup Wizard
Setting Up Through Setup Wizard
When you access Settings for the first time, or after initializing the TeraStation’s settings, the setup wizard will
automatically be displayed. To set up the TeraStation using the wizard, follow the procedure below.
1 Double-click the NAS Navigator2 icon ( ) to start NAS Navigator2.
2 Right-click your TeraStation’s icon and select Settings. For macOS, select the TeraStation’s icon while holding
down the control key, then select Settings.
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3 The password settings page will appear. Enter the desired new administrator password and click Next. If you
click Skip, the administrator password will not change from the default value (“password”).
4 The time zone settings page will be displayed. If you need to change the time zone from that which is currently
displayed on the page, select it from the drop-down list and click Next.
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Chapter 2 Configuration
5 The proxy server settings page will be displayed. If you place the TeraStation under a proxy network, set your
proxy settings. Click Next.
6 The RAID settings page will be displayed. To change the RAID mode from the default mode, select the desired
RAID mode and click Next, then click Start on the next page. The “Confirm Operation” screen will open so enter
the confirmation number and click OK. Changing the RAID mode will begin.
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Chapter 2 Configuration
If you want to keep the RAID mode as is, select “Keep current RAID mode” and click Next.
Note: The RAID settings page will not be displayed if using the TS3210DN series and the two-drives included
TS3410DN series TeraStations.
7 The folder path to access shared folders will be displayed and the setup will finish.
Opening Setup Wizard
You may run the setup wizard even after the initial setup or initialization. To launch the setup wizard again, follow
the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Management.
2 Click to the right of “Restore/Erase”.
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Chapter 2 Configuration
3 Click Execute Wizard.
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 Follow the instructions on the screen and finish the setup wizard.
Opening Settings
1 Double-click the NAS Navigator2 icon ( ) to start NAS Navigator2.
2 Right-click your TeraStation’s icon and select Settings. For macOS, select the TeraStation’s icon while holding
down the control key, then select Settings.
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Chapter 2 Configuration
3 Enter the username and password, then click OK.
Notes:
• If the time-out period is set to “10 minutes”, you will be logged out of Settings after 10 minutes of inactivity.
• Click Secure Connection to log in using an encrypted connection.
4 Settings will open.
Notes:
• Username/Password Combinations:
Username Password Settings Available
admin (default) password (default) All
guest blank System information (read-only)
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Chapter 2 Configuration
Username Password Settings Available
If a user is assigned as an administrator, all settings are
Your username Your password
• Click at the top-right of Settings and choose I’m here to play a tone from the TeraStation for easy location.
available. If assigned to another group, only system
information (read-only) is available.
Checking the Device Information from Dashboard
When opening the Settings interface, the Dashboard page will appear first. Dashboard will show the following
device information:
• System information, such as hostname, firmware version, IP address etc.
• Drive information, such as used capacity of internal drives, LVM volumes, iSCSI volumes etc.
• CPU usage
• System memory usage
• Network information, such as IP address, link speed, sent and received rates etc.
Note: If increasing the number of files on the TeraStation, it will raise the memory usage of the TeraStation. This
memory usage will decrease after the specific time passes. To reduce the memory usage immediately, try the
following operations:
• Restarting the TeraStation.
• Dismounting the USB drive.
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Chapter 3 File Sharing
Chapter 3 File Sharing
Configuring Shared Folders
Adding a Shared Folder
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Click Create Folder.
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Chapter 3 File Sharing
4 Configure the desired settings, then click OK.
Notes:
• Names may contain up to 27 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), and underscores (_). Multibyte characters are
supported. The first character should not be a symbol.
• When you click the Option 1 tab, you can enter the folder description. Descriptions may contain up to 75
alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces. Multibyte characters are supported. The first
character should not be a space.
• You may create up to 400 shared folders.
• If the names of shared folders accessed via AFP and FTP connections contain multibyte characters, configure the
client language in Management > Name/Time/Language to match the characters. If the setting does not match,
the shared folder name will not be displayed correctly.
• The following characters are handled differently by macOS and Windows. Avoid using these characters when
sharing data between macOS and Windows:
― ～ ∥ － ￠ ￡ ￢
• Windows does not support some characters that macOS and the TeraStation allow. If you create a filename on
a Mac using any of the following symbols, it will not display correctly on a Windows computer. You may have to
connect to the TeraStation via AFP in order to display or copy files that contain these symbols in their filenames.
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Chapter 3 File Sharing
? ] [ / \ = + > < ; : " , | *
• Do not use any of the following words for the name of a shared folder as these words are reserved for internal
use by the TeraStation: authtest, global, homes, info, lost+found, lp, msdfs_root, mt-daapd, printers, ram, spool,
usbdisk x (where “x” is a number, for example: usbdisk1)
• Don’t use the following unsupported characters in shared folder names, workgroup names, or filenames:
①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩⑪⑫⑬⑭⑮⑯⑰⑱⑲⑳ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥⅦⅧⅨⅩ
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㌻￤＇＂〝〟∮Σ∟⊿
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• File and folder names may contain up to 255 single-byte characters.
• Folder and workgroup names whose names contain non-Roman characters may not be displayed correctly.
• If shared folders are accessed from a Mac, information files for the Mac may be generated automatically. Do not
delete these files. If they are deleted using Windows, this may prevent further access from a Mac.
• The TeraStation belongs to the default zone in AppleShare; the zone cannot be specified.
• When files are copied to the TeraStation or to a USB drive connected to the TeraStation, file information such as
date created, date modified, and other date information may be updated or changed.
• During a file transfer, if settings are changed, the file transfer operation may be aborted.
• File copying to the TeraStation is protected by a journaling file system. If the Ethernet cable is disconnected or a
power outage occurs while copying data, the following may occur:
◦ Preset data such as the TeraStation name, users, and groups may be erased.
◦ An incomplete file may be copied and the file can no longer be deleted. If this happens, restart the
TeraStation, delete the file, and perform the copy operation again.
• If the Ethernet cable is disconnected from the LAN port during file copying, even if the cable is not in use, the
copy operation will abort. Do not disconnect or reconnect the Ethernet cable to the LAN port during file copying.
Recycle Bin
To protect your data from accidental deletion, you may configure your TeraStation to use a recycle bin instead of
deleting files immediately. The recycle bin will only work with SMB connections. To empty the recycle bin, click File
Sharing > Folder Setup > Empty Recycle Bin in Settings. The recycle bins in all shared folders will be deleted.
Notes:
• You can prevent guests and other users from emptying the trash by navigating to File Sharing > SMB and select
“Administrator only” for the “Recycle Bin Permissions” option.
• If you use macOS, select “Keep when original file is deleted” for the “macOS Temp Files” option by navigating to
File Sharing > SMB. If this setting is changed, files in the recycle bin may be corrupted.
Read-Only Shares
By default, new shares are set with read and write access, but you may change the attribute to Read only at Attribute
on the Option 2 tab. Read-only shares and HFS Plus-formatted USB drives will have “(Read Only)” added to comments
in File Explorer.
Note: Configure read-only file attribute in Settings. Configuring them from within Windows is not supported and
may cause unexpected behavior.
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Chapter 3 File Sharing
Hidden Shares
If hidden shares are enabled, shared SMB folders will not be displayed in Network, and only certain users are allowed
to access them. To hide a shared SMB folder, follow the procedure below.
1 From Settings, navigate to File Sharing > Folder Setup and choose a shared folder or a USB drive to configure
hidden shares.
2 Click the Option 2 tab and select the “Hidden share (SMB only)” checkbox, then click OK.
Notes:
• If protocols other than “SMB (Windows/Mac)” or “Backup” under “LAN Protocol Support” on the Basic tab are
enabled, the hidden shares option will be grayed out and cannot be selected.
• Configure hidden share attribute in Settings. Configuring them from within Windows is not supported and may
cause unexpected behavior.
To access a hidden folder, open File Explorer in your computer and enter “\\TeraStation name\shared folder name$\”
into the address bar. For example, if the TeraStation name is “TSXXX001” and the shared folder name is “share”, enter
“\\TSXXX001\share$\” to open it.
Configuring Users
Adding a User
Note: The TeraStation can register a maximum 300 of users, which include the default users “admin” and “guest”.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Users”.
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Chapter 3 File Sharing
3 Click Create User.
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Chapter 3 File Sharing
4 Enter the desired settings, then click OK.
Notes:
• Usernames may contain up to 128 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), periods (.), and the
symbols ! # & @ $ * ^ %. The first character should not be a symbol.
• The user ID should be a number from 1000 to 1999. Each user ID should be unique. If this field is left blank, a user
ID is assigned automatically.
• Do not duplicate user IDs, group IDs, usernames, or group names. Each should be distinct and unique.
• User descriptions may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces.
Multibyte characters are supported. The first character should not be a symbol or space.
• Passwords may contain up to 20 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), spaces, commas (,),
periods (.), semicolons (;), tildes (~), and the symbols @ ! $ & * + : = ? ] [ ^ } { \. The first character should not be a
symbol unless it is an underscore.
• Use the same username and password for both Windows and the TeraStation or you may not be able to access
shared folders.
• Do not use a name already in use as a group; do not use any of the following words as a username as these
words are reserved for internal use by the TeraStation: _lldpd, adm, admin, administrator, admins, all, apache,
avahi, avahi-autoipd, backup, bin, crontab, daemon, dialout, dip, disk, ftp, ftpuser, fuse, gnats, guest, guests, halt,
hdusers, irc, kmem, libuuid, list, lp, mail, man, messagebus, mysql, netdev, news, nobody, nogroup, none, ntp,
openldap, operator, plugdev, proftpd, proxy, puppet, root, rpc, rpcuser, sambashare, sasl, shadow, shutdown,
snmp, splx, src, ssh, sshd, staff, statd, sudo, sync, syslog, tmhttpd, tty, users, utmp, uucp, winbindd_priv, www,
www-data
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Importing User Information
You can import users in File Sharing > Users by clicking Import CSV File.
An example format for user data: Username (required), password (required), and user description (optional).
Example 1: Importing usernames, passwords, and comments
username1,password1,comment1
username2,password2,comment2
username3,password3,comment3
Example 2: Importing usernames and passwords
username1,password1,
username2,password2,
username3,password3,
Guidelines:
• Use commas (,) as separators. Do not put spaces before or after commas. If you don’t want user descriptions, use
a comma after the password at the end.
• If a line is in an incorrect format, the username entered on that line will not be registered.
• If an unavailable name is used by a user or if the username already exists, an error will occur and cancel the
import process. User whose usernames were entered during or after the error occurs will not be imported.
• Do not use commas (,) in the username, password, or user description.
Note: Imported users are added to the “hdusers” group automatically.
Adding a Group
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Groups”.
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3 Click Add Group.
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4 Enter the desired settings, then click OK.
Notes:
• Group names may contain up to 20 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and periods (.). The
first character should not be a symbol.
• Group descriptions may contain up to 75 alphanumeric characters, hyphens (-), underscores (_), and spaces.
Multibyte characters are supported. The first character should not be a symbol or space.
• If the group ID field is left blank, a group ID is automatically assigned. Use numbers between 1000 and 1999 to set
a group ID manually. Don’t use duplicate group IDs.
• You may register up to 300 groups with the TeraStation.
• If you are logged in as a member of the general users group, you can change only your own password. If you’re
logged in as an administrator, you can change any setting, including other users’ passwords. If you are logged in
as a member of the power users group, you can create and edit shared folders, users, and groups.
• Do not use a name in use as a user; do not use any of the following words as a group name as these words are
reserved for internal use by the TeraStation: _lldpd, adm, admin, administrator, admins, all, apache, avahi, avahiautoipd, backup, bin, crontab, daemon, dialout, dip, disk, ftp, ftpuser, fuse, gnats, guest, guests, halt, hdusers,
irc, kmem, libuuid, list, lp, mail, man, messagebus, mysql, netdev, news, nobody, nogroup, none, ntp, openldap,
operator, plugdev, proftpd, proxy, puppet, root, rpc, rpcuser, sambashare, sasl, shadow, shutdown, snmp, splx, src,
ssh, sshd, staff, statd, sudo, sync, syslog, tmhttpd, tty, users, utmp, uucp, winbindd_priv, www, www-data
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Configuring Access Restrictions for Shared Folders
You may restrict access to specific shared folders, including external USB drives.
Notes:
• Configure access restrictions through Settings. Configuring access restrictions through Windows is not supported
and may cause unexpected behavior.
• Shared folders with limited access can still be used as backup destinations.
• If you change access restrictions for a user or group while they are accessing files, unexpected behavior may
result.
Local Users and Groups
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Click the shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for.
4 Click the Access Restrictions tab.
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5 Enable “Access Restrictions for Shared Folders”.
6 Select the level of access for the user or group.
: Read and write access allowed : Read access allowed : Access prohibited
7 Click OK.
Notes:
• The example above shows access restriction by a user. To restrict access by group, click the Local Groups tab and
select group permissions.
• Under the following settings, read-only permission always applies:
◦ A user joins multiple groups for which either read-only or write permissions are given.
◦ A write-permitted user joins groups for which read-only permissions are given.
◦ A read-only user joins groups for which write permissions are given.
• For an access-restricted shared folder, if you change the access restrictions of all users and groups from read and
write or read-only to access prohibited from the user or group list page in Settings, that shared folder can only be
accessed by admin users and groups.
Active Directory
If there is an Active Directory environment, the TeraStation will use account information from the Active Directory
domain controller to set access restrictions for TeraStation’s shared folders. There is no need to perform individual
account management for the TeraStation. If multiple TeraStations are installed on the network, the account
information is centrally managed in Active Directory, greatly reducing the operations required for installation and
management.
Notes:
• If usernames or group names from Active Directory include multibyte characters, you will not be able to
configure access restrictions for them.
• The TeraStation supports a domain environment with a maximum of 10,000 users and groups.
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1 From Settings, click Network.
2 Click to the right of “Workgroup/Domain”.
3 Click Edit.
4 Select “Active Directory”, then click Next.
5 Enter the domain controller information and click Search. The domain controller on the same network will be
detected and required settings will be entered into each field automatically. Or, enter the settings manually.
6 If there is a difference of more than five minutes between the TeraStation’s clock and the domain controller’s
clock, joining the domain or authenticating domain users and groups may fail. For best results, select
“Configure domain controller as an NTP server” if the domain controller can function as the NTP server.
7 Click OK.
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8 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
9 Click the shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for.
10 Click the Access Restrictions tab.
11 Enable “Access Restrictions for Shared Folders”.
12 Select the level of access for the user or group.
: Read and write access allowed : Read access allowed : Access prohibited
13 Click OK.
Notes:
• To have the TeraStation join an Active Directory domain, configure it to use a DNS server that can resolve names
for the Active Directory domain.
• After building an Active Directory domain, the administrator password for joining the domain must be changed
at least once, or joining the Active Directory domain will fail.
• The DNS name and NetBIOS name of Active Directory domains should be identical.
• Under the following settings, read-only permission always applies:
◦ A user joins multiple groups for which either read-only or write permissions are given.
◦ A write-permitted user joins groups for which read-only permissions are given.
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◦ A read-only user joins groups for which write permissions are given.
• To use the TeraStation as a member server in an Active Directory domain, the TeraStation should be logged in to
the domain and accessed from a computer that is not a member of the domain with a valid domain account.
• If the TeraStation is a member server of an Active Directory domain, you cannot connect as a guest user via AFP.
• If your TeraStation is a member server in an Active Directory domain and you change the authentication method
to “Workgroup”, the account on the domain controller will not be deleted automatically.
• If FTP is enabled, local and domain group access restrictions from the AD network do not work. Use user access
restrictions instead.
• For an access-restricted shared folder, if you change the access restrictions of all users and groups from read and
write or read-only to access prohibited from the user or group list page in Settings, that shared folder can only be
accessed by admin users and groups.
• If you allow read and write or read-only access for most users, group access restrictions are recommended.
• Depending on the domain controller’s policy settings, the domain controller may make the TeraStation leave the
Active Directory domain. If so, the TeraStation will lose the domain users and groups so if you have configured
access restrictions using the domain accounts, these users will no longer be able to access shared folders. In such
a case, change the policy settings on the domain controller or let the TeraStation join the Active Directory domain
again.
Configuring Access Restrictions for Subfolders
You may restrict access to subfolders in shared folders by configuring access permissions from your computer using
Windows File Explorer.
Notes:
• Depending on the environment, the function may not work properly even if it’s enabled. We recommend
verifying the functionality before using.
• Access permissions configuring from File Explorer is available up to 18 files and 24 folders. This number of
available access permissions may vary if access permissions are inherited from the parent object.
The number of available access permissions are not many so using group access permissions is recommended
if the permission level is the same to the multiple users; it will save spending the number of available access
permissions.
Enabling Subfolders’ Access Restrictions
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
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3 Click the shared folder that you want to set access restrictions for.
4 Clear all checkboxes for “LAN Protocol Support” other than “SMB (Windows/Mac)”, “Backup”, and “NFS”.
5 Click the Option 2 tab.
6 Enable “Access Restrictions for Subfolders”.
Note: If “Hide Non-Access Permitted Files and Folders” is enabled, non-access permitted sub-files and folders
will not be displayed in shared folders.
7 Click OK.
Enabling subfolders’ access restrictions finished. Next, configure access permissions for each user or group to files
and folders in subfolders from File Explorer.
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You may also configure access permissions for domain users and groups. You should have the TeraStation join your
Active Directory domain before configuring access permissions from File Explorer.
Notes:
• If enabling subfolders’ access restrictions for a USB drive, the drive should be formatted by XFS or ext3.
• The UID and GID of domain accounts should be updated before using the subfolders’ access restrictions if the
TeraStation joined the AD network while running firmware version 3.00 or earlier and has since updated to
version 3.00. To update the UID and GID, navigate to “File Sharing” > “SMB” > “Edit” in Settings and click Update.
• To back up or replicate files to backup or replication destinations with remaining access permission settings to
files and folders in subfolders, make sure that the same workgroup name, user IDs, and group IDs are configured
between backup or replication sources and destinations.
• If you enable subfolders’ access restrictions and then clear the “Read & execute” checkbox under “Allow” on File
Explorer for users or groups access permissions, these users or groups cannot be allowed to read and execute
even if subfolders’ access restrictions are disabled in Settings. If you deny reading and executing on the same
window, this will remain after disabling subfolders’ access restrictions.
• If the TeraStation’s settings have been initialized but you configure the same UID and GID for new users and
groups, access permissions to files and folders in subfolders may be inherited.
Restoring Owner and Permission Settings
If you changed the owner to an unexpected user or lost permissions to specific folder accidentally, restore them by
the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
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2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Click Advanced Settings for Subfolders.
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4 Select a folder to restore permissions from the tree.
Note: If you select a root shared folder from the tree, the action will not be run to the recycle bin. To run the
action, select the recycle bin instead.
5 Select actions and action range to run, then click OK.
6 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
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RAID Modes
TeraStations support many types of RAID. The type of RAID arrays available for use depends on how many drives are
installed in your TeraStation.
Notes:
• If you change the RAID mode, all data on the array is deleted. This is true for every procedure in this chapter.
Always back up any important data before performing actions that affect your RAID array.
• Some RAID arrays allow you to change the RAID mode without losing data by adding drives. To change a RAID
mode by adding drives to the existing array, refer to the “Expanding RAID Capacity without Deleting Data” section
below.
• Drive capacity is displayed in Settings in actual gigabytes. The Properties window in Windows may show GiB
instead, which will be a smaller number.
• If the TeraStation is restarted or shut down while changing the RAID mode, the message that appears in Settings
or NAS Navigator2 will change from I46 or I47 to I18.
• RAID 5, 6, and 10 are only available for the TeraStation with four drives inserted.
RAID 6
RAID 6 arrays are available for TeraStations with four drives. RAID 6 combines four drives into a single array. The
usable space is equal to the sum of the capacity of all drives minus the capacity of two drives. For example, if four
drives are combined into a RAID 6 array, the usable space is the sum of the capacity of two drives. If two drives in the
array are damaged, you can recover data by replacing them. If three or more drives are damaged, your data is lost.
RAID 5
RAID 5 arrays are available for TeraStations with three or more drives. RAID 5 combines three or more drives into a
single array. The usable space is equal to the sum of the capacity of the drives minus the capacity of one drive. For
example, if four drives are combined into a RAID 5 array, the usable space is the sum of three drives. If one drive in
the array is damaged, you can recover data by replacing the damaged drive. If two or more drives are damaged at
the same time, your data is lost.
RAID 10
RAID 10 arrays are available for TeraStations with four drives. In this mode, mirrored pairs of drives in RAID 1 arrays
are combined into a RAID 0 array. The usable space is equal to the capacity of the smallest drive multiplied by the
number of drives divided by two.
RAID 1
Combines two or more drives into a mirrored array. The available space in the array is the capacity of a single drive.
Identical data is written to each drive. If a drive is damaged, data can be recovered by replacing the damaged drive.
As long as one drive in the array remains undamaged, all data in the array can be recovered.
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RAID 0
Combines two or more drives into a single array. The usable drive space is the total space of all drives used. This
simple RAID mode offers faster performance than RAID modes that include parity. If a single drive in the array fails,
then all data in the array is lost.
JBOD
This mode uses the drives inside the TeraStation as individual drives. The drive space you can use is the total
capacity of all drives in the TeraStation. If any drives are damaged, then the data on that drive is lost.
Working with RAID Arrays
To change RAID settings, navigate to Storage > RAID in Settings.
Using JBOD
With JBOD, each drive in the TeraStation is addressed separately. To put drives from an array into JBOD, follow the
procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click the array to delete.
4 Click Delete RAID Array.
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Click OK when completed.
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Once JBOD is configured, create shared folders on each drive to use them.
Changing RAID Mode
To change the RAID mode, first put the drives in JBOD.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click the array to delete.
4 Click Delete RAID Array.
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Click OK.
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7 Choose a RAID array.
8 Select a RAID mode and the drives to be used, then click Create RAID Array.
9 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
10 Click OK when completed.
Note: After changing the RAID mode, create a shared folder.
Shutting Down the TeraStation Automatically If Error Occurred
This function will shut down the TeraStation automatically if an error occurs on a drive that is used in a redundant
RAID array. To configure auto shutdown, follow the procedure below.
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1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Click Options.
4 Click Edit.
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5 Select “Shut down” for “Error Behavior” and click OK.
Configuring Actions If a Drive Used for the RAID Array Has Not Been Discovered
The TeraStation can configure actions if a drive used for the RAID array cannot be mounted when booting.
Displaying or Hiding the Confirmation Screen
Configure to display or hide the confirmation screen for selecting actions if a drive used for the RAID array cannot be
mounted when booting. It is configured to display the confirmation screen by default. To hide the screen, follow the
procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
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3 Click Options.
4 Click Edit.
5 Select the “Don’t prompt when a drive could not be detected” option to the right of “Drive Detection Action
Settings” and click OK.
When the confirmation screen is hidden, an undetected drive will automatically be dismounted from the TeraStation
and the TeraStation will be in degraded mode if a redundant RAID mode is configured. If RAID 0 is configured, the
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RAID array will be corrupted so that data will be lost. It is recommended to proceed without changing settings that
the confirmation screen appears.
Selecting the Action on the Confirmation Screen
When having the confirmation screen displayed, the following screen will appear after logging in to Settings if the
drive used for the RAID array could not be mounted. Select the action to run when the screen appears.
Conditions and Corrective Actions If Undetected Drives Aren’t Displayed Properly
Even though you have configured to show the confirmation screen if a drive using for the RAID array cannot
be mounted, the undetected drives cannot be displayed properly under the following conditions. If you have
configured the RAID array as below, follow the procedure below for sure.
Conditions Corrective Actions
RAID 10 has been configured. 1 Select “Shut down the TeraStation and reconnect the drives” and
click Execute.
2 Confirm all drives have been inserted properly.
Multiple arrays have been configured.
3 Press the power button and power on the TeraStation.
4 Log in to Settings and make sure the confirmation screen doesn’t
appear.
Configuring a Hot Spare
If you have a hot spare configured and an array fails, the TeraStation immediately switches over to the hot spare. To
use a hot spare, you need an extra drive that’s not part of any array and a RAID 1 or RAID 5 array.
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Notes:
• All data on the hot spare drive is deleted when it is configured as a hot spare and again when it changes from a
spare to a drive in the array.
• A hot spare cannot be configured for TeraStation models with only two drives inserted.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Choose a RAID array.
4 Click Set as a hot spare.
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5 Click Yes .
6 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
7 Click OK when completed.
Note: To turn the hot spare back to a normal drive, choose Set as a normal drive.
Expanding RAID Capacity without Deleting Data
You can create or expand a RAID array without erasing data on the drive by using RMM (RAID Mode Manager).
If using a TeraStation model whose drives are not fully installed into the slots, such as the two-drives included
TS3410DN series, follow the procedure to add a new drive first. Otherwise, refer to the procedures in this section to
configure the RAID array.
Adding a Drive
1 Open the front cover with the included key.
2 Push the drive’s unlock button for the empty slot and swing the lock mechanism out, then pull out the drive
cartridge.
3 Insert the new drive (sold separately). Slide the drive in with the locking mechanism open and swing the lock
back down until it clicks into place.
4 Close the front cover.
5 When the drive is recognized, the status LED will flash red and the I32 message will appear in Settings or NAS
Navigator2.
6 From Settings, click Storage.
7 Click to the right of “Drives”.
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8 Select the inserted new drive and click Format Drive.
9 Select a format type and click Format.
10 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
11 Click OK when completed.
Drives Are Currently in JBOD
If the drives are currently in JBOD (not in a RAID array), you may change it to a RAID 1 array. To create the RAID 1
array using RMM, you must have at least two drives available in JBOD.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
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3 Choose a RAID array.
4 Set the RAID mode to “RAID 1”.
5 Select the “Add a drive to a RAID array with RMM. Your data will be preserved.” checkbox.
6 Select the drive whose data will be saved from the drop-down list.
7 Select the drive to add to the RAID array.
8 Click Create RAID Array.
9 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
10 Click OK when completed.
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Drives Are Currently in RAID 1 or RAID 5
If the drives are currently in a RAID 1 or a RAID 5 array, you can use RMM to add drives to the RAID array, then
change the RAID mode.
Note: RMM can be used to expand an array by only one drive per operation. To expand by two or more drives, RMM
must be activated multiple times. For example, if you want to create a RAID 6 array by adding two drives, change the
RAID mode to a RAID 5 first using one drive, then change it to a RAID 6 using another drive.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “RAID”.
3 Choose a RAID array.
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4 Select one drive to add to the RAID array. If changing the RAID mode, choose the desired mode for the array
from the drop-down list. If not, keep the current RAID mode as is.
5 Click Change RAID Array.
6 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
7 Click OK when completed.
RAID Scanning
A RAID scan checks your RAID array for bad sectors and if it finds any, it automatically repairs them. Arrays other
than RAID 0 are supported. For best results, run a RAID scan regularly.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Move the RAID scanning switch to the position to enable RAID scanning.
3 Click to the right of “RAID Scanning”.
4 Click Edit.
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5 Select when to run the scan and click OK.
Notes:
• Select the “Immediately” checkbox to run a RAID scan immediately.
• To stop a RAID scan, click Cancel RAID Scan.
Adding an External Drive
Connecting an External Drive
Your TeraStation includes USB ports (the number of ports depends on your model), and you can connect external
drives to these ports. Once connected, they appear as shared folders on the TeraStation. Formatted drives are
detected automatically. Unformatted drives should be formatted in Settings.
After a USB drive is recognized, the TeraStation adds “usbdisk x” to the shared folder list, where “x” is the USB port to
which the drive is connected.
Compatibility
Supported file systems for external USB drives are below:
File Systems Recommended Situation
XFS Connecting to another Buffalo NAS device.
EXT3 Connecting to another Buffalo NAS device that is a TS-X or older model.
*
NTFS
*, **
HFS+
*
exFAT
FAT32 Connecting to both Windows and Mac computers.
*This cannot be formatted from Settings.
**This is read-only from the TeraStation. Files on the USB drive can be copied to the TeraStation.
Connecting to Windows computers. The NTFS-formatted drive can use many
more functions of the operating system than an exFAT drive.
Connecting to Mac computers. The NTFS-formatted drive can use many more
functions of the operating system than an exFAT drive.
Connecting to both Windows and Mac computers.
Connect only one device to each USB port of the TeraStation. Note that only the first partition of a connected USB
drive is mounted. Additional partitions are not recognized.
Notes:
• If your USB 3.0 drive is not reconfigured after rebooting the TeraStation, unplug and reconnect it.
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• When copying a file that is over 100 MB to a FAT32-formatted USB drive using File Explorer, an error message may
appear. In such a case, use an FTP or SFTP connection to copy the file.
• When copying files from a shared folder to a FAT32-formatted USB drive, the progress bar may not be displayed
or the file copying may fail. Using a file system other than FAT32 is recommended for the USB drive.
Dismounting Drives
If the TeraStation is powered on, dismount drives (internal and external) before unplugging them. You may
dismount external drives using the function button, or dismount any drive from Settings. If the TeraStation is off,
then all drives are already dismounted and may be unplugged safely.
Note: Do not dismount internal drives while a RAID array is rebuilding or RMM is being configured. If you do, data on
the drives may be lost.
Dismounting with the Function Button
When you press the function button, the TeraStation will beep once. Press and hold the button until the TeraStation
beeps again and the button starts blinking blue. It will take about six seconds. When the dismount is completed, the
function button will stop blinking and return to glowing. You may now unplug any USB drives safely.
After 60 seconds, the function button will go out and any drives that have not yet been unplugged will be
remounted.
Dismounting from Settings
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click Drives to dismount an internal drive or USB Drives to dismount an external drive.
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3 Select the drive to dismount and click Dismount Drive.
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 When the dismounting process is completed, it is safe to unplug the drive. Disconnect the drive from the
TeraStation.
Note: To remount the drive, unplug it and then plug it back in.
Checking Drives
A drive check tests the data on a drive in the TeraStation or one that is connected via USB for integrity. Errors are
fixed automatically. With large drives, a drive check may run for many hours. Shared folders cannot be accessed
during a drive check. Do not turn off the TeraStation until the drive check is finished. Use the procedure below to run
a drive check.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Select Drives to check an internal drive or USB Drives to check an external drive.
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3 Select the drive or array to test, then click Check Drive.
4 Click Check. You have the option of deleting information files from macOS during the check if desired.
S.M.A.R.T.
S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) monitors internal drives to detect and report
various indicators of reliability, in the hope of anticipating failures. When a failure is anticipated by S.M.A.R.T., the
user may choose to replace the drive to avoid outages and data loss. Follow the procedure below to check S.M.A.R.T.
information for the TeraStation’s internal drives.
Note: S.M.A.R.T. information is only available for internal drives.
Displaying S.M.A.R.T. Information
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “Drives”.
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3 Select a drive to check and click S.M.A.R.T.
4 The S.M.A.R.T. information for the drive will be displayed. Different information may be displayed depending
on the brand of drives in your TeraStation. Critical attributes are displayed in bold.
Checking Drive Condition
Attributes with the worst value that is equal to or less than the threshold value may be significant. If an attribute
reports a failure, or has had one in the past, it will be displayed in the status column. In such a case, replacing that
drive is recommended.
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Formatting Drives
Notes:
• Under some circumstances, data deleted when a drive is formatted can be recovered. To ensure that data is “gone
forever”, a format might not be sufficient. See the “Erasing Data on the TeraStation Completely” section below.
• After a drive is formatted, the “% Used” and “Amount Used” in Settings will not be 0. This is because some drive
space is used for the system area.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Select Drives to format an internal drive or USB Drives to format an external drive.
3 Select the drive or array to format, then click Format Drive.
4 Select a format type, then click Format.
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5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Depending on the size and the formatted file system of your drive, the format may take several minutes or
several hours to complete. “Formatting” will be displayed in Settings or NAS Navigator2 until the format is
completed. Click OK when completed.
Notes:
• Do not turn off or disconnect power to the TeraStation while formatting a drive.
• For drives of 2.2 TB or larger, make sure that the “GPT partition” checkbox is selected.
Encrypting Drives
Internal drives (and arrays) can be encrypted with 256-bit AES during formatting. Encrypted drives and arrays are
then readable only from that specific TeraStation. To decrypt a drive or array, clear the “Encryption” checkbox and
format it again.
Erasing Data on the TeraStation Completely
Under some circumstances, data from formatted drives can be recovered. The drive erasure process in this section
does a much more thorough job of erasing data. This procedure is recommended for removing all data from a drive
in a way that makes it nearly impossible to recover with current tools. The TeraStation will then be in the following
state:
• All drives in JBOD
• An empty shared folder on each drive
• All settings returned to their default values
• All logs deleted
If you remove a drive and then erase all data on the TeraStation, Settings or NAS Navigator2 will show the E22
message and the number of the removed drive. You can still use the TeraStation.
Follow the procedure below to completely and permanently erase all data from your TeraStation.
1 From Settings, click Management.
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2 Click to the right of “Restore/Erase”.
3 Click Erase TeraStation.
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 All data on the TeraStation will be permanently erased.
Drive Quotas
You can set a drive quota to limit drive space for each user or group. You can also set a threshold. If the drive space
exceeds the configured threshold, an email notification will be sent. To configure email notifications for the drive
quota, refer to the “Email Notification” section in chapter 7.
Notes:
• When using quotas, disable the recycle bin or empty the trash folder often. The limited space includes the space
used for trash.
• Quotas apply per drive or per array. If a quota is set to 1 GB, each array or drive can use a maximum of 1 GB.
• Quotas cannot be set for external drives connected to the TeraStation.
• If both user and group quotas are configured for a user, the most restrictive quota will always apply.
Quotas for Users
Follow this procedure to limit the shared folder drive space available for a user.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Users”.
3 Select the user that will be given a quota and click Edit. If you want to set a quota for a new user, create a user
by referring to the “Adding a User” section in chapter 3.
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4 Enable quotas, choose the alert and the maximum amount of space the user will be allowed to use, and click
OK.
Note: If you change the primary group, restart the TeraStation to apply the quota settings.
Quotas for Groups
Follow the procedure below to limit the space for shared folders that each group can use.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Groups”.
3 Select the group that will be given a quota and click Edit. If you want to set a quota for a new group, create a
group by referring to the “Adding a Group” section in chapter 3.
4 Enable quotas, choose the alert and the maximum amount of space the group will be allowed to use, and click
OK.
5 Click Close.
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6 Click to the right of “Users”.
7 Select the user that will inherit the group quota settings and click Edit. If you want to add a new user to a
group with a quota, create a user by referring to the “Adding a User” section in chapter 3.
8 Select the group’s checkbox to join and change the user’s primary group to the group with the quota, then
click OK.
9 Click Close.
10 Click at the top-right of Settings and select Restart.
Size Limits
If LVM is enabled, volumes can be created with maximum size limits.
Notes:
• When creating an LVM volume, all data in the area where you specified for the LVM volume will be erased. Before
changing any settings, back up any important data.
• Do not use any of the following words for the name of a volume as these words are reserved for internal use by
the TeraStation: array x, authtest, disk x, global, homes, info, lost+found, lp, mediacartridge x, msdfs_root, mt-
daapd, printers, ram, spool, usbdisk x. Any instances of “x” denote a number (for example: array1 or disk3)
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “LVM”.
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3 Select the drive or array where the volume will be located and click Enable LVM.
4 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
5 Click OK.
6 Click Edit under “NAS Volume”.
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7 Click Create Volume.
8 Configure the desired settings, then click OK.
9 Click OK.
10 Click Close, then click Close again.
11 Navigate to File Sharing > Folder Setup.
12 Click Create Folder.
13 Configure the settings.
14 Select the volume that you created for “Drive/Array” on the Basic tab and click OK.
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Notes:
• If you click Show under “Volume List”, the volumes will be listed on the screen and you can see if these volumes
are being used as iSCSI or NAS.
• If an LVM volume could not be mounted, try restarting the TeraStation. If an issue still exists, delete and recreate
the LVM volume. Deleting the LVM volume will erase data on the volume.
Using the TeraStation as an iSCSI Device
Introduction
iSCSI is a protocol for carrying SCSI commands over IP networks. Unlike traditional SAN protocols such as Fibre
Channel, which requires special-purpose cabling, iSCSI can be run over long distances using existing network
infrastructure. Normal Windows formatting such as NTFS is supported.
Differences Between NAS and iSCSI
With iSCSI, the TeraStation is connected to a single computer, such as a server. Other computers on the network
access files on the TeraStation through the computer it’s connected to. The TeraStation can be used as a local drive
from Windows Server. Features of Windows Server such as Active Directory can be used normally.
As a NAS, the TeraStation is a server, and computers (including other servers) on the network can access shared
folders on it directly. A separate server is not required, and features such as backup are built-in.
Network Configuration
Use gigabit or faster network equipment with iSCSI. For best results, a dedicated network for iSCSI is recommended,
separate from the regular network. By default, the IP address of the TeraStation is automatically assigned from a
DHCP server. However, in this case, if you turn off and restart the TeraStation, the IP address may be changed and
the volumes on the TeraStation may not be accessible. To avoid changing the IP address unexpectedly, using a static
IP address for the TeraStation is recommended.
Connection Tool
The Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator is already installed on your computer. You don’t need to download and install
it.
Creating an iSCSI Volume
To use the TeraStation as an iSCSI drive, create a volume first. Configure the TeraStation as described below.
Notes:
• If the volume settings are changed, all data on the volume will be erased. Before changing any settings, back up
any important data.
• The TeraStation can have up to 255 volumes, but we recommend creating no more than 32. Exceeding this
volume amount may cause irreparable damage to the unit.
• Do not use any of the following words for the name of a volume as these words are reserved for internal use by
the TeraStation: array x, authtest, disk x, global, homes, info, lost+found, lp, mediacartridge x, msdfs_root, mt-
daapd, printers, ram, spool, usbdisk x. Any instances of “x” denote a number (for example: array1 or disk3)
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1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Move the iSCSI switch to the position to enable iSCSI.
3 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
4 Click Create Volume.
5 Enter a volume name, volume description, drive or array where a volume will be created, and volume size. Click
OK when completed.
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If you enabled LVM for the target drive or array, or selected “File I/O” for the “Backstore” option, the volume size
that you specify here can be changed later. To change the volume size, refer to the “Expanding Volume Sizes”
section below.
6 Click OK, then click OK again.
Notes:
• If you click Disable Connection for the selected volume in Storage > iSCSI in Settings, the selected iSCSI volume can
no longer be accessed. If you click Enable Connection, the volume will become accessible from the iSCSI initiator
software.
• If you selected “Block I/O” for the “Backstore” option, write cache (WCE) cannot be configured from the “Advanced
Settings” page.
Connecting or Disconnecting Volumes
Connecting Volumes
To connect a volume, follow the procedure below.
Note: Do not shut down the TeraStation while connecting to an iSCSI volume. It may cause unexpected data erasure.
Make sure all connections are disconnected before shutdown.
1 From Windows, navigate to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools > iSCSI Initiator.
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2 Enter the IP address of the TeraStation into the “Target” field and click Quick Connect.
3 Confirm if the connection is established and click Done.
Formatting Volumes
If using the connected volume for the first time, the volume should be formatted to be used as a local drive. Follow
the procedure below for formatting.
1 From Windows, navigate to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools > Computer Management.
2 Click Disk Management.
When the “Initialize Disk” screen appears, click OK without changing any settings.
3 Right-click the drive volume that shows the status “Unallocated” and click New Simple Volume from the
displayed menu. Follow the screen to finish formatting.
When the formatting process is completed, the drive will be visible as an icon in Computer or This PC and can be
used as a normal drive on the computer.
Disconnecting a Volume
1 From Windows, navigate to Control Panel > System and Security > Administrative Tools > iSCSI Initiator.
The status of the connecting volume will be displayed as “Connected” under “Discovered targets”.
2 Select a volume to disconnect and click Disconnect.
3 Click Yes .
4 When the volume status is displayed as “Inactive”, the disconnection was carried out properly.
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Using with Multiple Computers
If the TeraStation is divided into multiple volumes (or drives), it can be used with multiple computers. However,
multiple computers cannot be accessed from a single volume or drive at the same time.
When using the TeraStation as an iSCSI device, it should only connect to a single initiator unless the computer
running the initiator also has clustering enabled and configured on its operating system.
Checking Whether iSCSI Volume Is Connected
To check whether an iSCSI volume is connected, navigate to Storage > iSCSI. Current volumes will be listed. If
“Connected” is displayed under “Status”, the volume is currently connected to the client.
Configuring Access Restrictions
A CHAP name and secret can be configured for the entire iSCSI volume or each existing volume. Access restrictions
can be configured so that entering a target CHAP name and secret is required for each connection.
The TeraStation can perform mutual authentication (two-way authentication). Dual passwords ensure that only
authorized client computers can access the volume on the TeraStation.
Follow the procedure below to enable access restrictions.
Configuring Access Restrictions for the Entire TeraStation
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
3 Click the Security tab.
4 Click Edit under “Access Control (Target Discovery)”.
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5 Enable authentication, enter the target CHAP name and secret, and click OK.
Note: To enable mutual authentication in addition to target CHAP name and secret authentication, select the
“Enable mutual authentication” checkbox and enter the initiator CHAP secret.
To search or connect the volume which has mutual authentication enabled from Microsoft iSCSI Initiator,
initiator CHAP secret settings should be configured.
6 Click OK when completed.
Connecting Volumes on the Access-Restricted TeraStation
If access restrictions are configured for the entire iSCSI volume, that volume will not be detected by Microsoft iSCSI
Initiator. To connect that volume, the target CHAP name and secret should be authenticated.
1 Open the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator.
2 Register the initiator CHAP secret to your computer first. If you didn’t enable mutual authentication, skip this
step.
Click CHAP on the Configuration tab. Enter the configured initiator CHAP secret into the “Initiator CHAP secret”
field and click OK.
3 From the Discovery tab, click Discover Portal.
4 Enter the TeraStation’s IP address into the “IP address or DNS name” field and click Advanced.
5 Select the “Enable CHAP log on” checkbox and enter the target CHAP name into the “Name” field and the
target CHAP secret into the “Target secret” field.
If mutual authentication is enabled, select the “Perform mutual authentication” checkbox.
6 Click OK, then click OK again.
7 The iSCSI volumes on the TeraStation will be listed under “Discovered targets” on the Targets tab. Select the
desired volume to connect and click Connect.
8 Click OK.
9 When the status of the selected volume is displayed as “Connected”, the connection is established properly.
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Configuring Access Restrictions for Individual Volumes
If access restrictions are configured for a volume, that volume cannot be accessed unless the target CHAP name and
secret are authenticated.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
3 Click the volume to enable access restrictions.
4 Enable authentication, enter the target CHAP name and secret, and click OK.
Note: To enable mutual authentication, select the “Enable” checkbox to the right of “Mutual Authentication”
and enter the initiator CHAP secret.
5 Click OK when completed.
Connecting to Individual Volumes that Are Access-Restricted
1 Open the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator.
2 Register the initiator CHAP secret to your computer first. If you didn’t enable mutual authentication, skip this
step.
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Click CHAP on the Configuration tab. Enter the configured initiator CHAP secret into the “Initiator CHAP secret”
field and click OK.
3 From the Discovery tab, click Discover Portal.
4 Enter the TeraStation’s IP address into the “IP address or DNS name” field and click OK.
5 The iSCSI volumes on the TeraStation will be listed under “Discovered targets” on the Targets tab. Select the
desired volume to connect and click Connect.
6 Click Advanced.
7 Select the “Enable CHAP log on” checkbox and enter the target CHAP name into the “Name” field and the
target CHAP secret into the “Target secret” field.
If mutual authentication is enabled, select the “Perform mutual authentication” checkbox.
8 Click OK, then click OK again.
9 When the status of the selected volume is displayed as “Connected”, the connection is established properly.
Expanding Volume Sizes
The volume size of the existing volumes can be expanded after they are created.
Notes:
• Expanding the volume size may erase all data on the volume depending on the formatting type. Backing up the
data before expanding the volume size is recommended.
• To expand the volume size, the volume should have “File I/O” selected for the “Backstore” option, or the volume
needs to have been created in a drive or array with LVM enabled.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
3 Select the volume to expand.
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4 Enter the desired volume size to add and click OK.
5 Click OK.
Deleting Volumes
To delete an existing volume, follow the procedure below.
Note: Deleting a volume will erase all data on the volume. Back up the data before deleting the volume.
1 From Settings, click Storage.
2 Click to the right of “iSCSI”.
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3 Select the volume to delete and click Delete Volume.
4 Confirm that the volume is correctly selected on the screen and click OK.
5 The “Confirm Operation” screen will open. Enter the confirmation number, then click OK.
6 Click OK.
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Chapter 5 Backup
Backing Up to a Buffalo NAS Device
You can back up the TeraStation folders to another shared folder on the same TeraStation, a connected USB drive, or
a shared folder on another Buffalo NAS device, either on the same network or on another network.
Preparing a Backup Destination
First, configure a shared folder on a Buffalo NAS device or connected USB device as a backup destination. The
following procedure explains using another shared folder on a TeraStation as a backup destination. The procedure
may vary depending on which Buffalo NAS device is selected as a destination.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Choose the folder to set as a backup destination.
4 Under “LAN Protocol Support”, select the “Backup” checkbox on the Basic tab.
5 Click OK.
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6 Enter the desired characters into the backup device access key field and click OK.
Note: You may leave this field blank if you do not want a backup device access key, but for security reasons
we highly recommend entering one for the shared folder. If a backup device access key is configured for the
shared folder, that folder will not show up as a target for the backup source or destination when configuring a
backup job on another Buffalo NAS device unless it’s entered. You may create multiple folders using different
backup device access keys for backup and replication, but only one access key can be used on the TeraStation.
Folders that are configured with a different access key cannot be used.
Configuring a Backup Job
You can configure backup jobs by using another shared folder on the Buffalo NAS device or a USB drive connected
to the TeraStation as a destination. You can also back up to a Buffalo NAS device on another network as long as the
two networks are connected by a VPN or the route is configured properly.
Note: To back up the subfolders’ access restriction settings, the USB drive should be formatted using ext3 or XFS.
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Backup”.
3 If you had configured a backup device access key for the backup source folder on another Buffalo NAS device
or the backup destination folder, click Set. If you hadn’t, skip to step 5.
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4 Enter the backup device access key and click OK.
5 Click Add.
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6 Select backup settings such as date and time to run. Refer to the differences between the backup modes in the
following section, “Backup Modes”.
7 Click Add.
8 Select the shared folder that will be the backup source and destination.
Note: If you want to back up to a Buffalo NAS device on another network, follow the procedure below to add
the Buffalo NAS device on another network before selecting the backup folders.
a. Click List of Servers.
b. Click Add; select the “Add Buffalo NAS device” option, enter the IP address or hostname of the destination
Buffalo NAS device, then click OK.
c. Click Close when completed.
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d. Click Refresh and make sure the desired Buffalo NAS device has been added to the list.
9 Click OK, then click OK again. Jobs will be added to the backup list.
Notes:
• Up to eight backup jobs can be configured at a time, and 25 backup source and destination folder pairs can be
used in one backup job.
• To inherit the subfolders’ access restriction settings to the backup destination, the backup destination should also
support the subfolders’ access restrictions. Check it before creating a backup job.
• To back up data between Buffalo NAS devices on a network using jumbo frames, make sure that both devices are
configured to use identical (or similar) MTU sizes. If MTU sizes are significantly different, the backup job may not
be properly performed. In such a case, select the default MTU size (1500 bytes).
• You can also specify a hostname by a fully qualified domain name (FQDN).
• Windows-based TeraStations with multibyte characters in the hostname may not be detected as a backup
destination, and folders in these devices cannot be used as backup destination folders.
• Backup data, such as “.DS_Store” files, from macOS may include characters that cannot be read on FAT32-
formatted drives in its filename. For best results, reformat the drive before using it as a backup destination.
Backup Modes
The following types of backup jobs may be selected:
Type Files included
All files in the source will be backed up to the destination. You can specify
how many backup versions to keep from 1–400, or select “Unlimited” to keep
Normal backup
all backups until the drive is full. If a specific number of backup versions is
specified, the backup destination folder should be on the same TeraStation
that the backup job is configured from, or on an external USB drive attached
to that TeraStation.
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Type Files included
The first backup job runs like a normal backup. In subsequent backups, files
Overwrite (incremental)
Overwrite (differential)
Management backup
added to the source as well as files deleted from the source are kept in the
backup folder.
The first backup job runs like a normal backup. As each additional backup job
runs, files will be added to and deleted from the backup folder. The backup
destination folder is always the same size as the backup source folder.
Each time a backup is executed, management information is stored, and
only files that have changed are copied or deleted. Data is retrieved from the
previous backup file for files that were not changed. This is useful for making
backups with limited space or for referencing status at a particular point in
time (for use for data snapshot applications). The destination folder for a
management backup should be a local folder on this TeraStation or on a USB
drive attached to it. The destination folder will be set to read-only. Do not use
folders from drives formatted with FAT.
You can specify how many backup versions to keep from 1–400, or select
“Unlimited” to keep all backups until the drive is full. The backup destination
folder should be on the same TeraStation that the backup job is configured
from, or on an external USB drive attached to that TeraStation.
Backing Up to rsync-Compatible Devices
You can back up TeraStation folders to other manufacturers’ rsync-compatible devices on the same network.
Preparing a Backup Destination
First, configure an rsync-compatible device as a backup destination. You should enable rsync on the destination
device. For more detailed information, refer to the device’s manual.
Configuring a Backup Job
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Backup”.
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3 Click Add.
4 Select backup settings such as date and time to run. Refer to the differences between the backup modes in the
above section, “Backup Modes”.
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5 Click Add.
6 Click List of Servers.
7 Click Add.
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8 Select “Add rsync-compatible device”; enter the IP address or hostname of the destination rsync-compatible
device and port number. If your rsync-compatible device requires the username and password for backup,
enter these values into the fields.
9 Click OK, then Close.
10 Click Refresh and Ye s. The folder list will be updated to include the rsync-compatible device’s folders.
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11 Select the shared folder that will be the backup source and destination, then click OK.
12 Click OK. Jobs will be added to the backup list.
Note: Up to eight backup jobs can be configured at a time, and 25 backup source and destination folder pairs can
be used in one backup job.
Backing Up from rsync-Compatible Devices
To configure the TeraStation as a backup destination for other rsync-compatible devices, follow the procedure
below.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “rsync”.
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3 Enter the admin password. If you use SSH encryption during backup, enable SSH.
4 Click OK.
Backup Logs
The following backup error codes may be recorded in the backup log. Read the description and try the respective
corrective actions for each error.
Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
rsync error: errors
selecting input/
output files, dirs (code
3) at main.c(634)
[Receiver=3.1.0]
Can’t write to backup
destination(target
disk is broken?).
rsync error: error
starting client-server
protocol (code 5) at
main.c(1504)
@ERROR: auth failed
on module
@ERROR: permission
denied
rsync error: error in
socket IO (code 10)
at clientserver.c(128)
[sender=3.1.0pre1]
Code 3
Code 5
Code 10
The backup destination USB
drive could not be found.
The backup destination shared
folder could not be found.
Authentication failed.
A registered user does not
have permission to run.
The Ethernet cable was
disconnected from the backup
source TeraStation when the
backup job started.
A backup destination doesn’t
support the subfolders’ access
restrictions.
Check that the backup destination
USB drive is connected to the
TeraStation properly.
Check that the Ethernet cable is
securely connected and that the hub
or other devices on the network are
turned on.
Try adding the rsync-compatible NAS
device from the server list again.
Check the settings of the rsynccompatible NAS device.
Reconnect the Ethernet cable.
Select another backup destination
or remove the subfolders’ access
restrictions.
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Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
rsync error: error
in file IO (code 11)
at receiver.c(389)
[receiver=3.1.0]
rsync: write failed on
“filename”: File too
large (27)
Code 11
The drive capacity of the
backup destination TeraStation
became full.
Files larger than 4 GB were
backed up to the FAT32formatted USB drive.
Delete unnecessary files and folders.
Reduce the file size to 4 GB or less, or
change the file system to one other
than FAT32. Refer to the “Adding an
External Drive” section in chapter 4 for
compatible file systems.
Could not communicate
between backup source and
destination TeraStations.
Code 12
The settings of the TeraStation
were changed while the
backup job was running.
Check that the Ethernet cable is
securely connected and that the hub
or other devices on the network are
turned on.
Do not change the settings while the
backup job is running. If changed, the
connection is temporarily terminated
and the backup job will fail.
rsync error: error in
rsync protocol data
stream (code 12) at
io.c(515)
ERROR: out of
memory in flist_
expand
Code 14
rsync error: error
in IPC code (code
14) at main.c(655)
[receiver=2.6.8]
rsync: fork failed in
do_recv: Cannot
allocate memory (12)
rsync error: error
allocating core
Code 22
Insufficient memory on the
TeraStation was not enough
so that the backup job did not
run.
Reduce the number of backup
destination files or disable any other
functions running at the same time.
memory buffers
(code 22) at util.c(120)
[sender=2.6.8]
Code 20
The connection was
disconnected while the
backup job was running.
Do not change the settings while the
backup job is running. If changed, the
connection is temporarily terminated
and the backup job will fail.
rsync error: received
SIGINT, SIGTERM, or
SIGHUP (code 20) at
rsync.c(242)
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Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
Change the filename or folder
Invalid characters were used in
the filename or folder name of
the backup destinations.
name using compatible characters.
Available characters are described in
the “Adding a Shared Folder” section
in chapter 3.
Do not overwrite the backup
The backup destination files
were updated while the
backup job was running.
Code 23
The TeraStation backed up the
data to the FAT32-formatted
USB drive, then the upper- or
lowercases of filename and
folder name on the backup
source TeraStation were
changed.
destination files while the backup job
is running. If updated, the backup
destination files will not be backed up
and the backup job will fail.
Do not change the upper- or
lowercase of filenames and folder
names on the backup source
TeraStation if the backup destination
USB drive is formatted to FAT32. Linux
on the TeraStation is case-sensitive
but FAT isn’t, so the same filename
and folder name that only differs
in upper- or lowercase will not be
identified and treated as the same file
rsync error: some
files could not be
transferred (code 23)
at main.c(702)
or folder. To back up properly, using
XFS or ext3 is recommended.
Code 24
Code 30
B14
The backup destination files
were updated while the
backup job was running.
The Ethernet cable was
disconnected from the
backup source or destination
TeraStations while the backup
job was running.
Insufficient TeraStation
memory.
Do not overwrite the backup
destination files while the backup job
is running. If updated, the backup
destination files will not be backed up
and the backup job will fail.
Reconnect the Ethernet cable.
Restart the TeraStation and try again. -
rsync warning:
some files vanished
before they could be
transferred (code 24)
at main.c
rsync error: timeout
in data send/receive
(code 30) at io.c(195)
[sender=3.1.0]
Check that the backup destination
TeraStation is turned on, the Ethernet
B101
cables are securely connected,
and the hostname of the backup
-
destination TeraStation is not
The backup destination
TeraStation does not exist.
changed.
Check that the backup destination
folders on the backup destination
B102
TeraStation exist in the shared folder
list and the backup destination
-
folders are configured for backup in
Settings.
B103
The backup source folders on
the backup source TeraStation
do not exist.
Check that the backup source folders
on the backup source TeraStation
exist in the shared folder list.
-
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Code Description Corrective Action Log Example
Check that the backup destination
folders on the backup destination
TeraStation exist in the shared folder
list.
Check that the drives are recognized
properly in Settings. If you configure
the “usbdisk” folders for the backup
source or destinations, confirm if
these folders exist in the shared folder
list.
Check that the USB drive is formatted
to the compatible file systems. If you
configure the management backup in
the backup job, FAT format cannot be
used for the backup destination.
Restart the TeraStation and try again. -
Try adding the rsync-compatible NAS
device from the server list again.
-
-
-
-
B104
B105
B106
B107
B108
The backup destination folders
on the backup destination
TeraStation do not exist.
The drives were not
recognized.
The file systems of the USB
drive are not supported.
The device files such as “/dev/
null” etc. does not exist.
Credentials to access a shared
folder on the rsync-compatible
NAS device were not found.
Replication
Replication copies all data from a share to a share on a different TeraStation. This is an easy way to configure a
reliable system to provide data protection in the event your main TeraStation fails. To configure replication, connect
an Ethernet cable to the LAN port of each TeraStation and follow the procedure below.
Notes:
• For best results, use static IP addresses for connecting both replication TeraStations (source and destination).
• Replication source data is copied to the replication destination folder with a differential overwrite. Any data that
is not in the replication source will be overwritten.
Preparing a Replication Destination
First, configure a folder as a replication destination.
1 From Settings, click File Sharing.
2 Click to the right of “Folder Setup”.
3 Choose the folder to set as a replication destination.
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4 Under “LAN Protocol Support”, select the “Backup” checkbox on the Basic tab.
5 Click OK.
6 Enter the desired characters into the backup device access key field and click OK.
Note: You may leave this field blank if you do not want a backup device access key, but for security reasons
we highly recommend entering one for the shared folder. If a backup device access key is configured for the
shared folder, that folder will not show up as the replication destination when configuring a replication job on
another Buffalo NAS device unless it’s entered. You may create multiple folders using different backup device
access keys for backup and replication, but only one access key can be used on the TeraStation. Folders that
are configured with a different access key cannot be used.
Configuring a Replication Job
Note: To replicate the subfolders’ access restriction settings, the USB drive should be formatted using ext3 or XFS.
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Replication”.
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3 Click Edit.
4 If you had configured a backup device access key for the replication destination folder, click Set. If you hadn’t,
skip to step 6.
5 Enter the backup device access key and click OK.
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6 Click Add.
7 Select the shared folder that will be the replication source and destination, then click OK.
Note: If you want to back up to a Buffalo NAS device on another network, follow the procedure below to add
the Buffalo NAS device on another network before selecting the backup folders.
a. Click List of Servers.
b. Click Add; select the “Add Buffalo NAS device” option, enter the IP address or hostname of the destination
Buffalo NAS device, then click OK.
c. Click Close when completed.
d. Click Refresh and make sure the desired Buffalo NAS device has been added to the list.
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8 Click OK, then Yes .
Notes:
• During setup, you may choose to encrypt and/or compress replication data. Encrypted data will be transferred
securely on the network. Compressed data will ease network loading and is recommended for slow or heavily
loaded network connections. Either will increase the CPU load on the source TeraStation. Encrypted or
compressed data will be decrypted or decompressed on the destination TeraStation.
• A maximum of 32 shared folders can be configured for replication.
• Replication can also be used to copy all data from a share to a share on an attached external USB drive. Format
the drive with ext3 or XFS before using it for replication. Drives with FAT32 partitions are not supported with
replication.
• You can select the first and second levels of shared folders and USB drives connected to the TeraStation as
the replication source. Folders whose names contain more than 80 alphanumeric characters or “@” cannot be
selected.
As the replication destination, you can select the first level of shared folders, USB drives, and on/off-subnet NAS
devices’ shared folders.
• Don’t use the same TeraStation for both failover and replication, or replication and Time Machine.
• Don’t configure replication from one source folder to multiple destination folders.
• If a network problem causes a replication error, unsynced data may be shown as “0” even though replication is
incomplete. Click Resync to recover from the replication error. All files from the source folder will be copied to the
destination folder.
• To inherit the subfolders’ access restriction settings to the replication destination, the replication destination
should also support the subfolders’ access restrictions. Verify it before creating a replication job.
Synchronizing between Source and Destination TeraStations Periodically
To copy files that are saved via other file sharing protocols such as AFP or FTP to the replication destination regularly,
configure “Periodic Sync” in Settings. Follow the procedure below.
1 From Settings, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Replication”.
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3 Click Periodic Sync.
4 Select “Daily” or “Weekly” from the “Schedule” drop-down list. If “Daily” is selected, configure the sync period. If
“Weekly” is selected, specify the weekdays and the sync period.
5 When the configuration is completed, click OK.
Failover
With failover, two TeraStations are connected to the network for redundancy. If an issue renders the main
TeraStation inaccessible, operation automatically switches to the backup TeraStation.
Data on both TeraStations stays up-to-date.
BackupMain
Switches automatically if failure occurs.
Failover will activate during any of the following situations:
• The backup TeraStation cannot detect the main TeraStation within a specified time
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If the backup TeraStation has not received a packet from the main TeraStation within a specified time, the backup
TeraStation considers the main TeraStation to have failed. By default, it will try 5 times and wait 60 seconds. If this
is triggered by accident, reconfigure failover from the main TeraStation.
• Errors
Failover will occur if any of the following errors occur:
E12 (cooling failure), E14 (cannot mount RAID array), E16* (drive not found), E22* (cannot mount drive), E30*
(drive failure)
*When the drive is configured in JBOD.
Notes:
• Only use identical model and capacity TeraStations for failover. If the capacity of the main TeraStation is larger
than that of the backup TeraStation, an I33 replication error will occur.
• All drive bays of a TeraStation should be occupied if it will be used for failover. Failover will not work if a drive is
missing from any bay.
Before Configuring Failover
Use the same LAN ports for transferring data and it is recommended that both TeraStations are configured with
static IP addresses for the purposes of failover.
Using the Same LAN Port for Both Failover and Connecting to the Network
Using this setup, if the main TeraStation fails, the backup TeraStation will replace it completely. The backup
TeraStation will be updated over normal network traffic.
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Main
Network
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Backup
Using Different LAN Ports for Connecting to the Network and Failover
With this setup, the backup TeraStation and main TeraStation are connected by a second Ethernet cable connecting
their LAN 2 ports. Updating is done over this dedicated network path, so updates are quicker and don’t interfere
with normal network traffic.
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LAN port 2
(Static IP)
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Main
Network
LAN port 1
(Static IP)
Backup
• LAN Port 1 for Alive Check and LAN Port 2 for Failover
Select the IP address labeled “(LAN1)” for the LAN port setting of “IP Settings for File Sharing” and select “(LAN2)”
for “Backup LAN Port” in Settings.
• LAN Port 2 for Both Alive Check and Failover
Select the IP address labeled “(LAN2)” for the LAN port settings both “IP Settings for File Sharing” and “Backup
LAN Port” in Settings.
LAN port 2
(Static IP)
Usage Restrictions
Functional Restrictions
Failover is not available when any of the following functions are enabled:
Replication, sleep mode, encrypted drive volume, LVM volume, iSCSI volume, port trunking, cloud storage*, Dropbox
Sync, hot spare, access restrictions by Active Directory domain
*Even if the function is disabled, the settings may remain if the settings were configured beforehand. Initialize all
settings before configuring failover.
Setting Restrictions
The following functions will not be available while failover is enabled:
Initializing settings, changing the RAID settings, formatting drives, iSCSI volume, changing the backup TeraStation’s
settings, turning the TeraStation on and off, updating the firmware
While failover is enabled, shutdown, power-on, and firmware update operations can be made available by
temporarily changing the TeraStation to maintenance mode. Maintenance mode can be enabled or disabled at
Backup > Failover in the main TeraStation’s Settings. Click Maintenance mode to enable maintenance mode, or click
Cancel maintenance mode to disable maintenance mode.
To update the firmware while in maintenance mode, the main TeraStation can be updated from Settings, but the
backup TeraStation cannot. Download the firmware updater from the Buffalo website for the backup TeraStation
and try updating the firmware on it.
Non-Transferable Settings
The settings below are not copied from the main TeraStation to the backup TeraStation. Make a note of the original
settings so that they can be configured manually if failover errors.
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WebAccess*, UPS synchronization, antivirus**, the backup job settings either if specifying shared folders on the
backup TeraStation or USB drives as the backup destination, and USB drives’ shared folder settings
*If the backup TeraStation took over the main TeraStation’s IP address after failover, the WebAccess settings will not
be copied. Re-register your BuffaloNAS.com account for WebAccess. If the backup TeraStation kept its IP address, the
settings will be copied from the main TeraStation.
**The settings configured on the Trend Micro NAS Security settings page will not be copied to the backup
TeraStation. The settings configured on the main TeraStation’s Settings page will be copied. Only if the antivirus is
activated on the TeraStation.
Using with UPS
Once failover is configured, you cannot set up a UPS for the backup TeraStation. Configure your UPS before
configuring failover. UPS recovery can be configured for both the main and backup TeraStations.
Configuring Failover
1 From Settings for the main TeraStation, click Backup.
2 Click to the right of “Failover”.
3 Click Configure Failover.
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4 Select a TeraStation to be the backup destination device and enter its administrator username and password
(the username is “admin”, the password is “password” by default).
5 Select the LAN port to be used for sharing files and enter a virtual IP address and subnet mask.
About virtual IP addresses: A virtual IP address is an IP address that will be used for file sharing while failover
is configured. By assigning a different IP address from the one to be assigned to the LAN port, you can access
the TeraStation for sharing files, as well as open Settings using the virtual IP address. This IP address will be
inherited to the backup TeraStation when failover occurs, so you can access the backup TeraStation even if you
don’t know the backup TeraStation’s static IP address.
Configure an unused IP address for the virtual IP; make sure it uses the same segment as the main and backup
TeraStations.
6 Select the LAN port to be used for transferring data via failover.
7 Configure whether or not to inherit subfolders’ access restrictions to the backup TeraStation, then click
Continue.
8 If the administrator username and password is correct, the backup TeraStation will beep. Press and hold the
function button to accept the settings from the main TeraStation. When you press the function button, the
backup TeraStation will stop beeping.
9 Hold it down until the backup TeraStation beeps again.
10 The I51 message will appear in Settings and NAS Navigator2 for both TeraStations. Wait until initialization
finishes. Failover is configured after it finishes and the I51 message disappears.
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Notes:
• If you want to cancel the failover settings while both the main and backup TeraStations are working properly,
click Force Failover to Stop on both TeraStations and restart them. After the TeraStations are restarted, make sure
that all settings such as IP address and files on the shared folders are correct.
When you cancel failover settings, attributes of the shared folders on the backup TeraStation will become readonly. Change the attribute settings to the desired options if necessary.
• If replication is configured for more than one folder, initialize the TeraStation before configuring failover.
• The main TeraStation cannot be used as the backup location for Time Machine.
• Do not use the same TeraStation for both failover and replication, or failover and Time Machine.
• If email notification is enabled and failover occurs, navigate to Management > Email Notification > Edit in the main
TeraStation’s Settings and click OK.
• MTU size settings for main and backup TeraStations should be 1500 bytes. To change the MTU size, navigate to
Network > IP Address > Edit, and change the MTU size to “1500” bytes.
• Files whose filenames contain more than 80 alphanumeric characters will not be backed up.
• If the I33 message appears in Settings or NAS Navigator2, navigate to Backup > Replication and click Resync.
• The RAID array on the backup TeraStation may be reconfigured and resynchronized as part of the failover
configuration process. This is expected behavior and not an error.
Replacing to the Backup TeraStation Manually
If “Switch to backup unit manually” is selected on the Advanced Settings tab in the main TeraStation’s Settings, the
backup TeraStation will not replace the main TeraStation if the main TeraStation fails. To have the backup TeraStation
replace the main TeraStation, you can either:
• Log in to Settings for the backup TeraStation and click Set as Main Unit.
• Or, press and hold the function button on the backup TeraStation.
Note: If the main TeraStation fails but both LAN ports’ link on the backup TeraStation is up, the backup TeraStation
cannot replace to the main TeraStation from Settings. In such a case, use the function button instead.
Reconfiguring After Failover Occurs
When the backup TeraStation replaces the main TeraStation, the I49 message may appear on NAS Navigator2. To
configure failover again, follow the procedure below using the new TeraStation unit. The following procedure is an
example using the replaced backup TeraStation (“main TeraStation”) and the new TeraStation (“backup TeraStation”).
If you don’t want to configure failover with the new TeraStation, cancel the failover settings by following the steps
1–5 below and restart both TeraStations. The I49 message will disappear.
Note: The following procedure will also work if failover occurs unexpectedly.
1 After failover occurs, log in to Settings for the main TeraStation.
If you have configured to sync with the UPS device connected to the failed TeraStation, the E10 message will
be displayed on the main TeraStation. In such a case, follow the procedure below to change the UPS settings
on the main TeraStation. If you hadn’t, skip to the next step.
a. Disconnect the UPS cable from the failed TeraStation and connect it to the main TeraStation.
b. Click Management.
c. Click to the right of “Power Management”.
d. Click Edit.
e. Select “Sync with UPS connected to this TeraStation” and reconfigure the desired UPS settings.
f. Click OK when completed.
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