ultraflex III
User Manual
Version 1.0 (September 2006)
Bruker Daltonik GmbH
© Copyright 2006
Bruker Daltonik GmbH
All Rights Reserved.
Reproduction, adaptation,
or translation without prior
written permission is
prohibited, except as
allowed under the
copyright laws.
Document History
First edition: March 2004
Printed in Germany.
Warranty
The information contained
in this document is
subject to change without
notice.
Bruker Daltonik GmbH
makes no warranty of any
kind with regard to this
material, including, but not
limited to, the implied
warranties of
merchantability and
fitness for a particular
purpose.
Bruker Daltonik GmbH is
not liable for errors
contained herein or for
incidental or
consequential damages in
connection with the
furnishing, performance or
use of this material.
Bruker Daltonik GmbH
assumes no responsibility
for the use or reliability of
its software on equipment
that is not furnished by
Bruker Daltonik GmbH.
The names of actual
companies and products
mentioned herein may be
the trademarks of their
respective owners.
Safety Information
Safety Class
The ultraflex III with the
closed safety cover is a
Class I Laser product.
It has been designed and
tested in accordance with
IEC Publication 1010-1
Safety Requirements for
Electrical Equipment for
Measurement, Control,
and Laboratory Use.
WARNING
Connecting an instrument
to a power source that is
not equipped with a
protective earth contact
creates a shock hazard
for the operator and can
damage the instrument.
Likewise, interrupting the
protective conductor
inside or outside the
instrument or
disconnecting the
protective earth terminal
creates a shock hazard
for the operator and can
damage the instrument.
WARNING
The instrument must be
disconnected from its
power source before any
cover is removed or it is
opened!
WARNING
All connections of the
instrument must be used
in correct way. The
instrument should only
be used with the wires
and cables delivered
with the system or
otherwise provided by
the manufacturer.
Instrument
Identification
Each instrument is
identified by a serial
number. This number is
located on the rear of
the instrument.
When corresponding
with Bruker Daltonik
GmbH about your
instrument, be sure to
include the model name
and the full serial
number. Write the serial
number of the
instrument here for
reference:
Serial #
Part Numbers
In this manual, Bruker
Daltonik GmbH part
numbers are generally
listed in parentheses
after the name of the
part. A few tools and
supplies listed have no
part numbers and are
not available from
Bruker Daltonik GmbH.
Most of these can be
obtained from
laboratory supply
companies.
Manual part number:
PN # 245596
ultraflex III User Manual, Version 1.0 ii
Bruker Daltonik GmbH
Technical Support
If you encounter problems with your system please contact a Bruker representative in
your area, or:
Bruker Daltonik GmbH Bruker Daltonik GmbH
Fahrenheitstr. 4 Permoserstr. 15
D-28359 Bremen D-04318 Leipzig
Germany Germany
Phone: +49 (421) 2205 430 Phone: +49 (341) 2431 395
Fax: +49 (421) 2205 370 Fax: +49 (341) 2431 343
E-mail: maldi.support@bdal.de
E-mail (software support):
maldi.sw.support@bdal.de
Internet: www.bdal.de
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH
Table of Changes
Version Date Changes Remarks
1.0 2006-09-25 ultraflex III User Manual First edition
ultraflex III User Manual, Version 1.0 iv
Bruker Daltonik GmbH
Contents
1
ULTRAFLEX III MASS SPECTROMETER........................................................... 9
1.1 Weights and Measures of the ultraflex III ...................................................................... 9
1.2 Site Preparation Specification...................................................................................... 10
1.3 Safety ........................................................................................................................... 10
1.3.1 Safety Symbols.................................................................................................. 10
1.3.2 Manual Conventions and Symbols .................................................................... 11
1.3.3 Operating Precautions ....................................................................................... 12
1.3.4 Electrical Safety ................................................................................................. 13
1.3.5 Environmental Conditions.................................................................................. 14
2 INSTALLATION AND SETUP ............................................................................ 15
2.1 Facility and Electrical Requirements............................................................................ 15
2.2 Unpacking .................................................................................................................... 16
2.3 Setup............................................................................................................................ 17
3 INSTRUMENT LAYOUT ..................................................................................... 19
3.1 Schematic of the Mass Spectrometer.......................................................................... 19
3.1.1 Instrument Controller ......................................................................................... 20
3.1.2 Rear Panel......................................................................................................... 21
3.1.3 Vacuum System................................................................................................. 24
3.1.4 Scout MTP Ion Source....................................................................................... 25
3.1.4.1 Pulsed Ion Extraction.................................................................................... 26
3.1.4.2 Target Plates ................................................................................................ 27
3.1.4.3 AnchorChip Target .................................................................................... 28
3.1.4.4 Transponder ................................................................................................. 28
3.1.5 TOF/TOF Analyzer ............................................................................................ 29
3.1.5.1 Precursor Ion Selector.................................................................................. 29
3.1.5.2 LIFT 31
3.1.5.3 How Does LIFT Work? ................................................................................. 33
3.1.5.4 Reflector ....................................................................................................... 35
3.1.5.5 Detector ........................................................................................................ 36
3.1.5.6 Digitizer 37
3.1.5.7 Laser System................................................................................................ 37
3.1.5.8 Camera 37
3.2 PC Configuration.......................................................................................................... 38
3.3 Remote Service Capability........................................................................................... 38
3.4 Twister (optional) ......................................................................................................... 41
3.5 Example of the Structure of a Bruker ID ...................................................................... 42
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH
4 OPERATION ....................................................................................................... 43
4.1 Locating the Instrument Functions - Turning the Instrument ON or OFF .................... 43
4.1.1 Rear Panel......................................................................................................... 43
4.1.2 Front Panel ........................................................................................................ 45
4.2 Manual Cartridge ......................................................................................................... 47
4.2.1 Checking for Instrument Operational Readiness............................................... 47
4.2.2 Moving Targets In and Out with the Manual Cartridge...................................... 47
4.3 Using the Twister (optional) ......................................................................................... 51
4.3.1 Turning the Instrument On or OFF .................................................................... 51
4.3.2 Checking for Instrument Operational Readiness............................................... 52
4.3.3 Moving Targets In .............................................................................................. 52
4.3.4 Moving Targets Out ........................................................................................... 52
4.3.5 Instrument Control in Analytical Operations ...................................................... 52
5 INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE ......................................................................... 53
6 INDEX ................................................................................................................. 54
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH
Safety Instructions
The following symbols may be found on or near various components.
Before starting the installation, pay attention to these important safety instructions!
Warning
Warning attracts attention to procedures that could result in personal injury, if protocols
are not followed.
This symbol is placed on the product in the area where a hazardous voltage is present.
Only trained service personnel should perform work in this area.
When the instrument is operating high DC voltages are present, in addition to the 230V
AC mains supply. All panels must be fitted prior to operation. Only under these
circumstances does the instrument comply with the electromagnetic radiation
guidelines (EC certificate).
Laser radiation
Indicates that laser light may be present.
The autoflex with the closed safety cover is a Class I Laser product.
With safety cover opened it turns to a Class IV Laser product.
Caution
Caution attracts attention to procedures that could result in damage to
the instrument, if protocols are not followed.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH
Instrument Classification
The autoflex III is an electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use
where the electromagnetic environment is kept under control. That means in such an
environment transmitting devices such as mobile phones should not be used in
immediate vicinity.
EN 61326/A1:1998,
ultraflex III User Manual, Version 1.0 viii
Bruker Daltonik GmbH ultraflex III Mass Spectrometer
1 ULTRAFLEX III MASS SPECTROMETER
The ultraflex III is a MALDI (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization) tandem
mass spectrometer specially designed for automated MS and MS/MS high throughput
identification of proteins and peptides. Tandem Mass Spectrometry is a technique that
utilizes more than one mass selective stage in a mass spectrometer.
The most common form in practice is a two stage arrangement to record MS/ MS or
(MS)
2
spectra.
The incorporated LIFT device allows acquiring full fragment ion spectra within one
single scan and replaces traditional measurements of segmented spectra with
stepwise-reduced reflector potentials.
1.1 Weights and Measures of the ultraflex III
Figure 1-1 Weights and measures of an ultraflex III instrument
(L x W x H = 230 cm x 133,2 cm x 87,4 cm; Weight 550 kg)
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH ultraflex III Mass Spectrometer
1.2 Site Preparation Specification
Before starting the installation of the instrument the site must be properly prepared.
Please refer to the Site Preparation Specification document that is sent to any
customer prior to the shipment of the instrument.
It contains information regarding the device requirements, such as operating
environment, gas supply, power, exhaust, venting, grounding, etc.
This document has to be verified and returned with your signature to Bruker before a
service representative will start the installation.
1.3 Safety
Safety considerations for the ultraflex III spectrometer include:
ultraflex III Safety Symbols (chapter 1.3.1) •
•
•
•
Manual Conventions and Symbols (chapter 1.3.2)
Operating Precautions (chapter 1.3.3)
Electrical Safety (chapter 1.3.4)
1.3.1 Safety Symbols
The following symbols may be found on or near various components of the mass
spectrometer:
Table 1-1 Safety Symbols
Symbol Description
Indicates that an operation or condition on
the instrument could cause instrument
damage if precautions are not followed.
This can be any type of hazard. When this
symbol is observed, refer to the safety
pages in the manual for further
information.
Indicates the danger of electric shock due
to the presence of high voltage, if
precautions are not followed.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH ultraflex III Mass Spectrometer
Symbol Description
Indicates that laser light may be present.
The ultraflex III with the closed safety
cover is a Class I Laser product.
With safety cover opened it turns to a
Class IV B Laser product.
Indicates that a terminal either receives or
delivers alternating current or voltage.
Indicates that a protective grounding
terminal must be connected to earth
ground before any other electrical
connections are made to the instrument.
Indicates the OFF
position of the main
power switch.
Indicates the ON
position of the main
power switch.
1.3.2 Manual Conventions and Symbols
The following graphic text formats and symbols are used to set apart important safety
information:
Note:
Indicates important information in a procedure or description.
Caution:
Indicates an operation that could cause instrument damage if
precautions are not followed.
Warning:
Indicates that an operation could cause personal injury if precautions
are not followed.
High Voltage:
Indicates that an operation could cause personal injury if precautions
are not followed.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH ultraflex III Mass Spectrometer
1.3.3 Operating Precautions
To protect yourself from harm and prevent system malfunction, observe the following
guidelines:
Before using the instrument, read all warnings presented in the beginning of this
manual.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wear appropriate protective clothing, including safety glasses and gloves, when
preparing samples and solutions for use with this instrument.
Follow the correct safety procedure and the manufacturer's recommendations
when using solvents.
Clean the exterior surfaces of the instrument with a soft cloth dampened with a
mild detergent and water solution. Do not use abrasive cleaners or solvents.
Exercise caution when moving as the ultraflex III mass spectrometer weighs
550 kg / 1212 lb. Wear appropriate clothing and use appropriate tools when
carrying or moving the instrument.
The ultraflex III mass spectrometer contains a Class IV B pulsed ultraviolet
laser (100 µJ at 337 nm). Wear appropriate eye protection and never look
directly into the laser when any of the protective covers are removed. In
operation, laser light is directed onto the analysis chamber sample target. The
same interlocks that assure the analysis chamber vacuum integrity, also assure
that no laser light escapes through the target loading port. If the vacuum
system fails and system allows the load port to be opened, the laser cannot be
fired.
Caution:
When shipping or transporting the instrument it is critical that the target is in
the OUT position. Failure to do so will result in damage to the instrument.
Caution:
Do not restrict ventilation air intake at the rear of the machine or the exhaust
at the back of the machine.
To ensure proper operation check the ventilation air filter at the instrument
rear every three months and replace, if necessary, as explained in
chapter 5 Instrument Maintenance.
ultraflex III User Manual, Version 1.0 12
Bruker Daltonik GmbH ultraflex III Mass Spectrometer
1.3.4 Electrical Safety
Electrical safety considerations consist of the following chapters:
General Safety: Before installing or operating the ultraflex III mass
spectrometer, read the following information concerning hazards and potential
hazards. Ensure that anyone involved with installation and operation of the
instrument is knowledgeable in both general safety practices for the laboratory
and safety practices for the ultraflex III mass spectrometer. Seek advice from
your safety engineer, industrial hygienist, environmental engineer, or safety
manager before installing and using the instrument.
•
•
•
•
Position the ultraflex III mass spectrometer in a clean area that is free of dust,
smoke, vibration, and corrosive fumes, out of direct sunlight, and away from
heating units, cooling units, and ducts.
Verify that there is an adequate and stable power source for all system
components.
Verify that the power cord is the correct one for your laboratory and that it
meets the national safety agency guidelines for the particular country of use.
Warning:
DO NOT attempt to make adjustments, replacements or repairs to this
instrument. Only a Bruker Daltonics Service Representative or similarly
trained and authorized person should be permitted to service the
instrument.
Warning:
When it is likely that the electrical protection of the ultraflex III mass
spectrometer has been impaired:
1. Power off the ultraflex III mass spectrometer.
2. Disconnect the line cord from the electrical outlet.
3. Secure the instrument against any unauthorized operation.
Warning:
The ultraflex III mass spectrometer and MALDI-TOF analyses use very
high voltages. Under normal operation, the instrument requires NO user
access to the inner components of the instrument. NEVER OPERATE
the ultraflex III mass spectrometer with the protective cover removed as
this exposes the user to risk of severe electrical shock and harmful,
invisible, ultraviolet laser radiation.
Caution:
Use only fuses with the required current and voltage ratings and of the
specified type for replacement.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH ultraflex III Mass Spectrometer
Caution:
Use the instrument according to the instructions provided in this manual.
If used otherwise, the instrument-provided protection can be impaired.
Caution:
Connect the instrument to an AC line power outlet that has a protective
ground connection. To ensure satisfactory and safe operation of the
instrument, it is essential that the protective ground conductor (the green
/ yellow lead) of the line power cord is connected to true electrical
ground. Any interruption of the protective ground conductor, inside or
outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective ground
terminal, can impair the instrument-provided protection.
1.3.5 Environmental Conditions
The ultraflex III mass spectrometer is designed for indoor use and functions correctly
under the following ambient conditions:
Table 1-2 Environmental Conditions
Operating Conditions
Temperature
10 - 30 °C (50 to 86 °F)
Relative Humidity
15-95% non-condensing 35 °C
ultraflex III User Manual, Version 1.0 14
Bruker Daltonik GmbH Installation and Setup
2 INSTALLATION AND SETUP
Please refer to the Bruker Site Preparation Specification document for your mass
spectrometer.
Installation and setup consists of:
Facility and Electrical Requirements (chapter 2.1). •
•
•
•
•
•
Unpacking (chapter 2.2).
Setup (chapter 2.3).
2.1 Facility and Electrical Requirements
The facility must provide:
100 to 230 V/ 3-1.5 A / 50–60 Hz. The instrument back panel is fitted with an
IEC320–C14 mains inlet (Figure 3-3). The instrument comes with a 3 m long
IEC320 line cord and a mains plug, suitable for use in your country.
The ultraflex III mass spectrometer requires approximately 2 m2 of space on a
surface that can safely support the full 550 kg instrument weight.
To ensure proper ventilation, and access to the connections and main switch,
maintain at least 80 cm of clearance behind the instrument.
Warning:
The main supply must provide adequate grounding.
The system has an exhaust port to accommodate venting. This port is located on the
rear of the instrument. Individual facilities may have safety guidelines, which require
ventilation. It is the responsibility of the user to adhere to the requirements of their
respective facility.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Installation and Setup
2.2 Unpacking
The packing list is created for each order and placed in the crate with the machine.
Note: The warranty does NOT cover damage resulting from customer mishandling.
Do not open the shipping container unless a BRUKER representative is
present. Opening of the container without authorized persons will void the
warranty of the instrument. Our service engineers will set up the instrument in
customer’s laboratory.
The surface on which the instrument is placed must be able to safely
support the full 550 kg weight, and computer, monitor and printer as well.
Let the machine on the palette and wait for the Bruker representative to move
the instrument to its desired location!
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Installation and Setup
2.3 Setup
To setup the instrument:
1. At the rear of the instrument, plug in the following cord and cables into the
corresponding connections (Figure 3-3.
a. Line cord.
b. Remote cable.
c. Signal cables.
2. Plug the other end of the AC line cord into a suitable AC outlet.
Caution: Read and follow all electrical and safety precautions described in
chapter 1.3 Safety or chapter 1.3 Safety.
3. Plug the data system end of the signal cable connections into the appropriate
connections (Figure 2-1).
4. Plug the data system end of the Remote cable into the COM-1 port on the PC.
5. Turn on the AC mains switch.
6. Ensure that the POWER LED is illuminated (Figure 3-2).
After initial power-up it may be as long as 12 hours before the instrument is ready for
operation, at which time the Ready
LED illuminates (Figure 3-2).
Note: If any faults occur within the system the Error
LED (Figure 3-2) illuminates and
the system goes into standby. Contact your authorized service personnel for
help.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Installation and Setup
Trigger input digitizer
Signal from the linear
detector
Signal from the
reflector detector
Figure 2-1 Connection at the rear of the PC
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
3 INSTRUMENT LAYOUT
Bruker flex systems, such as the ultraflex III are always composed of only two main
components:
1. Mass spectrometer (twister optional).
2. Data system (chapter 3.2).
3.1 Schematic of the Mass Spectrometer
Figure 3-1 shows the principle the ultraflex III mass spectrometer works.
P
2
+
Target Reflector Reflector
plate detector
Linear detector
D
r
i
f
t
r
e
g
i
o
n
PLMS
P
1
+
PCIS
/ IS2
Ground
potential
P
1
+
P
1
+
LIFT
IS1
IS1
Figure 3-1 Schematic of the instrument
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
3.1.1 Instrument Controller
When the instrument is ready for operation the three green LED’s Mains, Ready, and
Access illuminate green light as shown in Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-2 Control panel at the front of the instrument
1. Load / Eject: Moves the target in or out.
2. Access:
a) Permanently lit: When either the tray is inside or outside the instrument in the
end position.
b) OFF: During the target moves in or out.
3. In Progress: Permanently lit as long as the docking procedure is in progress
(Target In/ Out).
4. Error:
a) Permanently lit: Malfunction, requires intervention of the user or a service
technician details are shown on the PC (flexControl).
b) Flashing (combined with system error): Service mode or firmware update.
5. Automode: Permanent lit as long as AutoXecute is in progress. During this run
applying the related button cannot retract the target plate.
6. Ready:
a) Permanently lit: Ready for acquiring spectra, i.e. any interlock is closed; N
2
pressure is correct, sufficient vacuum, HV present, etc.
b) OFF: During the docking procedure.
7. Warm up:
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
a) Permanent lit: Warm-up phase of the laser device (Class IV Laser Product) in
progress or the system is not ready for measurement, e.g., the docking
procedure in still in progress, HV is off, etc. It takes some time, even when all
parameters comply with the requirements. This state is reflected
simultaneously on the PC screen providing details via flex Control™.
b) Flash: A subordinated malfunction has occurred, which must be verified by the
user (less N2 pressure, interlock open).
8. Error:
a) Permanent lit: malfunction, requires intervention of the user or a service
technician; the tool tips feature on the PC shows details (flexControl™).
b) Flashing: (combined with Target Error): Service mode or firmware update.
9. Mains: Permanent lit, when the main circuit breaker is on.
Power On / OFF: OFF vents the instrument.
3.1.2 Rear Panel
At the rear of the instrument (Figure 3-3), there are the following connections:
CID:
• Collision gas inlet for argon or helium (6 bar maximum) for optional Collision
Induced Dissociation and flushing the collision cell.
• Switch to flush the CID-cell (after changing the collision gas).
• Flushing gas outlet.
Gas supply:
• Compressed air connection to operate the slide valve. Alternatively this port
might be externally connected with the nitrogen inlet for the laser to a common
N
2
supply.
• Nitrogen inlet to operate a N2-laser (Class IV Laser Product).
• Gas inlet to vent the instrument.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
Acquisition:
• Three BNC signal connectors (trigger, detector #1 and #2) for the digitizer
mounted on the PC.
Control:
• BNC connector to provide the video signal of the sample spot to a video capture
card mounted on the PC.
• Serial port to connect the (optional) Twister.
• Serial port to connect the PC (HOST).
Pump:
• Vacuum system exhaust 13 mm (1/2 inch) ∅ plastic tubing (Tygon), filter
mounted inside. Individual facilities may have safety guidelines, which require
ventilation. It is the responsibility of the user to adhere to the requirements of
their respective facility.
Service Only:
• Key field for the service to lift the cover.
Mains:
The instrument is fitted with an IEC320-C14 mains inlet. •
At the rear of the machine behind the cover there is the air intake with a filter. Replace
the air filter every three month.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
Figure 3-3 Schematic of the connections at the rear
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
This instrument contains a class IV laser product emitting 337 nm light. The
enclosure surrounding the instrument is designed to protect the user from indirect
radiation of the invisible
light. Operating the instrument with opened covers can
expose the user to harmful laser radiation, which may result in blindness.
Never look directly into the laser beam. Always wear safety goggles before lifting the
cover. Make sure other people cannot expose themselves to the laser light. Avoid
bringing highly reflecting parts into the beam (screw drivers, watches, rings) because
the reflected visible and invisible
light could reach your eye, causing irreparable
injuries!
3.1.3 Vacuum System
The vacuum system of the ultraflex consists of two high vacuum and three rough
vacuum areas. The vacuum lock of the SCOUT-MTP and the exhaust of both turbo
molecular pumps are coupled and guided via valves to the vacuum side of the foreline
pump. Depending on the system status, e.g., when changing a target plate, each of
the rough vacuum lines can be closed separately by computer-controlled valves. The
input of the turbo-molecular pumps is attached directly to the high vacuum areas of the
ion source housing and the ion flight tube, respectively.
The instrument operates at a high vacuum pressure of about 8*10-7 mbar or better.
The rough vacuum pressure ranges from atmosphere to about 1*10
-2
mbar.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
3.1.4 Scout MTP Ion Source
P2
Electrode
Lens
arrangement
CID cell
Laser beam
Lighting &
camera
Ion flight
Ground
potential
P1
Target
plate
x-y-
stage
Figure 3-4 Scheme of the time-lag focusing ion source of the “flex”-series
The ion source (Figure 3-4) is the part of the mass spectrometer where ions are formed
using the MALDI technique. The source consists of three main components.
1. The x-y-table accommodates the target plate, transports it into the ion source,
and moves the target inside on x-y-coordinates, according to the selected shot
position.
2. The vacuum lock inserts the target from atmosphere to the high vacuum.
3. The ion optics consists of the positively or negatively charged MTP target plate
(P1), a second voltage plate (P2) for time lag focusing and a grounded
acceleration electrode. When the laser hits the analyte/matrix mixture the
formed ions are accelerated by the delayed applied electrical field and focused
by a lens system before they leave the source.
CID is an acronym for Collision Induced Dissociation. This term stands for the
procedure when molecules decay by collisions during a passage through a particular
cell that is filled with gas, e.g., Ar. CID has proved to be useful to enhance intensities
of fragments in the low fragment mass range.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
3.1.4.1 Pulsed Ion Extraction
MALDI mass spectrometry is restricted by the energy distribution of the formed ions,
which is caused by the ionization process. Because not all the ions are desorbed and
ionized at the same time and at the same place inaccuracies occur related to energy,
location, and time. Also repulsive electrical forces cause an initial energy distribution of
the ions. Summarizing all these inaccuracies which happen during the ion formation
process cause that ions of the same mass do not have the same kinetic energy after
passing the acceleration field, but leave the source with a certain energy spread
resulting in an arrival at slightly different times on the detector. This effects in
broadening of the peak width and thus reducing the resolving power.
Pulsed Ion Extraction (PIE) is a technique to enhance resolution and sensitivity as well
of a TOF mass spectrometer.
After desorption ions are delayed extracted (phase 2 and 3, discussed beneath). This
method benefits in:
1. A softer acceleration process, because ions do not pass the dense plume of
matrix molecules and
2.
achieving a time focusing effect provided that the correct parameters are
applied.
Involved in the PIE process are three components of the ion source, i.e.
1. the target plate(P1) where the analyte is dropped on,
2. the second voltage plate (P2) which is an electrode mounted some mm apart
opposite to the sample position, and
3. the following grounded acceleration electrode (Figure 3-1, Figure 3-4).
Using PIE this arrangement works as follows:
Phase 1:
The target plate P1 with the analyte is always connected to potential IS/1. At first the
same potential is applied on plate P2. So the analyte is not yet exposed to any exterior
effects until to the laser shot. This event is the transition to
Phase 2:
where molecules and ions are set into motion by laser ionization/desorption with a
typical velocity of 700 m/s from P1 towards P2. Meanwhile the analyte is ionized.
There is still no electrical potential the ions are exposed to. Only the MALDI process
causes their kinetic energy at this moment, where through the evaporation of the
analyte surface particles are explosively pushed to that velocity. During the next few
hundred nanoseconds the analyte moves further towards P2.
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Bruker Daltonik GmbH Instrument Layout
However not all ions start with the initial velocity of 700m/s. Some (the fast ones) fly
further than others that fly only a short way (the slow ones). Without using PIE this
velocity distribution decreases the resolution on a TOF mass spectrometer in linear
mode without using PIE.
Then at the end of the delay time begins
Phase 3:
where potential P2 is pulsed down from IS/1 to IS/2 generating an electrical field whose
strength forces all charged particles to move towards P2.
That means that the fast higher energetic ions that were able to fly further towards the
P2 plate before the voltage was switched are exposed to a less electrical potential than
the slow ones in the neighborhood of P1. For this reason the slow ones start on a
higher potential than the fast ones. Therefore the slow ones will fly faster in the field
free region whereas the fast ones will fly slower.
Using the right slope of the potential between P1 and P2 ions of a given mass with
different stating velocities will all arrive at the same time on the detector!
3.1.4.2 Target Plates
The standard target plate is a SCOUT-MTP plate (MicroTiter Plate) with 384 defined
sample positions (Figure 3-5). A video CCD camera and a video capture card inside
the PC provide high resolved sample images.
Figure 3-5 Illustration of an microwell plate and a Scout MTP plate
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The micro well plate at the left and the SCOUT-MTP plate (Figure 3-5), are employed
as a standard for analyses in the area of biochemistry because of the high multiple
sample throughput. Both are of identical dimensions where the arrays of 384 sample
spots of each correspond exactly to another. Both plate types may be also stacked in
mixed mode.
3.1.4.3 AnchorChip Target
AnchorChip targets are SCOUT MALDI MTP targets that are equipped with a special
coating improving the crystallization process of MALDI samples. This technique
benefits in:
10 – 100 fold sensitivity increase because of increased analyte concentration. •
• Improved automation because of reduced search for “sweet spots”.
Comprehensive information can be obtained from the manual AnchorChip Technology
(PN 215344).
3.1.4.4 Transponder
All the Scout MTP targets are equipped with a programmable semiconductor chip,
called transponder. The transponder contains information from Bruker, such as the
geometry, the part number, and the serial number (Read only data). Further on the
chip contains a ”Use Counter”, which identifies the target and counts on ejection how
often this one has been used. This information may be useful in the case of
AnchorChip Targets that might have to be regenerated after multiple measurements.
flexControl must be running on moving targets in for correct results. If flexControl is
closed and the target movement is initiated with the corresponding green button on the
front panel, the transponder gets no information.
The transponder provides three areas (string 1,2,3) for the customer to program. Any
string contains 14 ASCII signs maximum. The Bruker TransponderStation RW
(manual PN 212308) is a suitable tool to transmit data into the transponder. This
feature will be activated on request.
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3.1.5 TOF/TOF Analyzer
The peculiarity of the ultraflex III analyzer is the LIFT device located in the flight tube,
which allows acquiring a full fragment ion spectrum with one single scan.
3.1.5.1 Precursor Ion Selector
The precursor ion selector (PCIS) as shown in Figure 3-6 works like a mass filter to
separate a particular parent ion and related fragments from all the other ions for
MS/MS analysis.
It consists of deflector plates arranged in vertical layers below each other. Consecutive
electrodes are coupled to a high voltage supply with alternating polarity, according to
the Bradbury-Nielsen principle. The potential difference between the plates generates
an electrostatic field perpendicular to the ion flight direction. This field deflects all the
ions entering this electrode arrangement.
Although the plates are coupled to the supply voltage due to the Bradbury-Nielsen
principle the ion selector is operated as an improved Barowsky precursor ion selector
to take advantage of this selection mode. Just in the moment when the selected ions
enter the deflection field the deflection is switched off. The potential between the
plates is kept to zero until the ions leave the deflector. In this moment the deflection is
switched on again, however with the reverse polarity. This mode results in a
compensation of the partial deflection, which occurs in the stray areas at both front
ends of the electrodes. This technique allows applying extraordinary short selection
times, which contributes to improve resolving power.
The ultraflex III is equipped with a second deflection unit PLMS (Post Lift Metastable
Suppressor) located between LIFT and the reflector. This assembly can be used to
remove daughter ions that are formed after the LIFT procedure by deflecting the parent
ion. Now only the fragments formed between the source and the LIFT continue their
journey to the reflector where they are separated by mass.
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I
o
n
f
l
i
ght
V -
alternating
polarity
-
-
-
-
I
on
f
l
i
g
h
t
I
o
n
f
l
i
ght
PCIS
Stray field Stray field
D
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
t
e
s
-HV
0 V
Ion
position
+ H
+
+
+
+
+HV
Figure 3-6 Operation principle of the precursor ion selector
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3.1.5.2 LIFT
To understand TOF MS/MS, first it has to be realized that parent ions and fragments
formed in the drift region, travel side by side with the same velocity through the TOF.
Molecules break after acceleration in the source, since the kinetic energy release is
only a few eV. Thus fragments have smaller kinetic energy than parents (E
kin
~m). Our
gridless reflector can focus in time and space about 30% of difference in kinetic energy,
e.g., from the parent down to fragments with 70% of the parent mass. Ions with less
energy do not hit the detector. To obtain a full MS/MS spectrum the reflector voltage
has to be stepped down as known for segmented PSD or FAST (Figure 3-7).
P
2
+
Target Reflector Reflector
plate detector
Linear detector
D
r
i
f
t
r
e
g
i
o
n
P
1
+
PCIS
/ IS2
Ground
potential
P
1
+
P
1
+
Parents and
fragments
IS1
IS1
Figure 3-7 Principle of a conventional PSD measurement
The basic idea of LIFT is to raise the kinetic energies of parent (Ps
+
) and fragment ions
(F
+
) to a level that the energy difference between parent and smallest fragment does
not exceed 30% (Figure 3-9). In that case all the fragments can be simultaneously
detected with the parent ion (Figure 3-8).
The Pre Cursor Ion Selector (PCIS) is able to pick a parent with the associated
fragments out of a mixture, e.g., a digest (chapter 3.1.5.1), as fragments that are
produced before arriving at the PCIS assembly pass the unit together with the parent
because of their same velocity. .
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The Post Lift Metastable Suppressor (PLMS) deflects (if switched on) the parent
together with those metastable fragments, which are formed after
LIFT (Figure 3-1,
Figure 3-8). It can be switched off to allow the detection of the parent, e.g., for
calibration purposes.
P
2
+
Target Reflector Reflector
plate detector
Linear detector
D
r
i
f
t
r
e
g
i
o
n
PLMS
P
1
+
PCIS
/ IS2
Ground
potential
P
1
+
P
1
+
Two stage field
ion lenses
Ion source
(PIE)
LIFT
IS2
Ground
potential
LIFT
IS1
IS1
IS1
IS1 /
Acceleration
potentials
Figure 3-8 Working principle of the TOF/TOF analyzer
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3.1.5.3 How Does LIFT Work?
LIFT consists of an arrangement of four electrodes forming three chambers, the LIFT
chamber, the Pulsed Acceleration Chamber, and the Acceleration Stage (Figure 3-9).
The LIFT device is located just behind the PCIS.
This arrangement works as follows:
Electrode No.1 and No.2 are always connected in parallel forming a cell that shields
from all external effects. Therefore the behavior of this cell can be compared with a
Faraday’s cage.
During phase 1 when the precursor and related fragments enter the first chamber the
four electrodes have the potentials as shown in Figure 3-9:
1. Electrode 1 and 2 are connected to ground.
2. Electrode 3 is connected to 19 kV.
3. Electrode 4 is always connected to ground.
Ions leave the ion source with an energy of typically 8 keV.
While the ions move inside the first cell, due to phase 2 the electrical potential of the
electrodes No.:1 and No.:2 will be raised up from ground potential to typically 19 kV.
Because there is no voltage difference and no field between both electrodes the ion
motion is influenced in no way. The particles continue moving as before however on
this increased electrical potential. This potential jump is necessary for phase 4 to take
effect.
During phase 3 the ions move from chamber 1 to chamber 2 on the raised potential.
Phase 4 begins by pulsing down the electrical potential (2 - 3kV) of electrode 3 while
precursor and related fragments are still inside cell 2. Cell 2 acts as the first (delayed)
acceleration stage. When entering cell 3 a further acceleration of the particles takes
place according to the remaining voltage difference. This pulsed extraction resembles
PIE (chapter 3.1.4.1) and makes also use of SVCF (Space-Velocity Correlation
Focusing).
The two stage acceleration by 19 kV potential difference sufficiently increases the
kinetic energies of precursor and fragments that they are reflected properly and
directed onto the reflector detector.
Some data for illustration:
After acceleration by LIFT the energy of the parent ion is raised up to 27 keV (8KeV +
19 keV). A fragment with a molecular weight of
1
/20 of the parent ion has got energy of
19,4 keV (
8keV
/20 + 19 keV). This is only about 28% less energy and allows the
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daughter ion to be focused from the reflector together with the parent ion onto the
detector.
Thus post-acceleration by LIFT may be considered a segmented MALDI FAST
measurement using only one voltage segment to record a full daughter spectrum.
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
d
e
4
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
d
e
3
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
d
e
2
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
d
e
1
Ion Flight Direction
LIFT
Chamber
Pulsed
Acceleration
Stage
Acceleration
Stage
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
Phase 4
Phase 3
Phase 2
Phase 1
"Cell 1"
"Cell 2" "Cell 3"
+ 19 kV
+ 19 kV
+ 19 kV
+ 19 kV
Figure 3-9 Potentials during a LIFT process on the related electrodes
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3.1.5.4 Reflector
The main task of a reflector is to compensate flight times of ions with different energies.
The metastable decay of ions is caused by an energy excess occurring during the
complex MALDI process. Because parents and fragments continue traveling with the
same velocity they hit the linear detector simultaneously thus delivering no fragment
spectrum but a single peak. For fragment mass separation a reflector can be
incorporated into the mass spectrometer to separate metastable ions. Ions of different
masses have different kinetic energies and penetrate to different locations into the
electrical field before they are reflected to strike the reflector detector at different times.
To obtain good mass spectra with a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio the geometry of a
reflector has to fulfill specific electrical and size requirements, mainly with respect to
the dimensions of the flight tube, and type and size of the used reflector detector.
The ultraflex III and other TOF mass spectrometers from the “flex”-series use a
gridless reflector with ion lenses (Figure 3-10). Fragments that would arise inside the
reflector instead of during their flight in the drift region form an undesired high chemical
background.
To minimize residence times of ions inside the reflector, a double stage design is
employed where the first stage is that one with the stronger field strength. As a result
the reflector is shorter and the field free drift length is longer, compared to single stage
TOF reflectors. Also this construction deflects all the smaller fragment ions, which
would otherwise contribute to the background noise. In addition the gridless entrance
lens of the reflector creates a space focusing effect, which increases the sensitivity.
The reflector operates at a potential that exceeds the acceleration voltage of the ion
source by about two kV.
Two stage gridless
reflector
Ion lenses
Ion source
Ground
potential
Acceleration
potentials
Acceleration
potentials
Figure 3-10 Potential distribution in a two stage griddles reflector
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3.1.5.5 Detector
The detector converts an ion current into an electrical current, which is then digitized
and delivered to the PC.
Modern detectors used in TOF mass spectrometers are designed as micro channel
plate detectors (Figure 3-11). A micro channel plate is a porous solid core assembly
with millions of tiny channels (Ǿ = 5-10µm, length = 0.5-0.8 mm), which are coated
inside with a semi-conductive layer. Every one of the microchannels works like an
electron multiplier, independent of the adjacent ones. To obtain a maximum electron
yield all these channels are electrically connected in parallel.
The multiplication process that takes place in a channel is illustrated beneath.
I
m
p
a
c
t
i
n
g
p
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
HV
Secondary electrons
Semiconducting layer
Output electrons
Glass channel wall
Figure 3-11 Principle of a micro channel
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For normal operations a bias of up to 1000 volts is applied across the microchannel.
This bias current flowing through the semi-conductive layer supplies the electrons
necessary for the avalanching multiplication process.
A further performance parameter is the time response of the detector, important to
prevent deterioration of the peak resolution. Microchannel plate detectors deliver an
output voltage with a rise time (< 1ns) up to ten times faster than other detector
configurations, such as channeltrons or discrete dynode multipliers.
Each detector of the ultraflex III contains two MCPs coupled in series. The linear
detector is equipped with the gating option to be used to avoid saturation effects, which
may be caused by the matrix material. Please refer to the flexControl manual. Gating
is an additional feature to detect only ions of interest. All the other ions are suppressed
inclusive neutrals to avoid saturation of the linear detector.
3.1.5.6 Digitizer
Beginning with the laser shot the digitizer records the incoming analog signals from the
detectors and converts them into digital information. The digitizer card is able to attain
a sample rate up to 2 GS/sec. This assembly is incorporated in the PC. Instrument
settings on the Detector page in flexControl control the digitizer.
3.1.5.7 Laser System
The laser system operates at a repetition rate of 50 Hz maximum (200 Hz optional). It
provides the pulsed laser light to a small spot on the target. The laser system consists
of a pulsed UV laser, an attenuator that allows fine adjustment of the laser fluence, a
lens system to focus the laser beam and a mirror system to direct the beam into the ion
source on the target plate. Standard is a N2 laser with 337 nm wavelength (pulse
energy of150µJ) and 3 ns pulse width for use with matrix components absorbing light of
this wavelength (class IV B product). Instrument setting are performed in flexControl.
3.1.5.8 Camera
The camera delivers an image of the sample spot to the Target Manipulation
Segment of the Graphical User Interface.
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3.2 PC Configuration
The PC controls the mass spectrometer, and acquires and stores data. This device
corresponds to the required configuration on delivery, e.g.,
18-inch LCD display, resolution 1280 x 1024, True Color;
Laser Printer;
Windows 2000 operating system;
Software packages flexControl/flexAnalysis.
3.3 Remote Service Capability
Customer
Daltonics Service
Board
Remote Service
http://bdal.webex.com
Figure 3-12 Operating principle of the remote service
To obtain a maximum operating time the ultraflex III is equipped with a remote service
capability (Figure 3-12). This feature allows for troubleshooting via the internet. Thus
problems can often be solved efficiently with the customer PC being fully controlled by
the Daltonics Service Board. For example, both software and firmware update is
possible.
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Moreover the service process can be speeded up, as the service engineer can arrive
on site with appropriate spare parts, after remote diagnosis.
Prerequisite: The customer must have Internet access on the Control PC of the
ultraflex III.
An example how to obtain Remote Service in Europe:
1. Select http:bdal.webex.com.
Figure 3-13 appears.
2. Select
Join on the web page. Figure 3-14 appears.
Figure 3-13 Webpage of Bruker Enterprise
Note: The “http”-connection changes to a “https
”-connection, coded with 128-bit to
provide the highest possible level of security!
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Figure 3-14 Enter the required information
Please, enter the required information. A call to Bruker Service on +49 421 2205 430,
will provide you with the Support Session Number. Press the “Submit” button and
follow the instructions to successfully connect the remote service to your ultraflex III.
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3.4 Twister (optional)
Figure 3-15 Twister coupled to the mass spectrometer
The Twister (Figure 3-15) is mounted in front of the mass spectrometer (Twister is a
trademark of Zymark Corporation). It functions as an automatic sample insertion
device to feed the spectrometer with SCOUT MTP MALDI targets. It can store and
handle 20 target plates and more.
Using the 1536 MTP format more than 30.000 samples / cycle can be unattended
processed.
The Twister transports target plates from an input rack to the mass spectrometer. After
the measurement the unit receives the target and deposits it into the output rack. All
these plates are equipped with a transponder. Additionally the customer may furnish
the targets with a barcode label, for instance, for preparation with a robot, such as the
Bruker MAPII.
Both instruments the Twister and the spectrometer are controlled by the controls of the
AutoXecute page in flexControl software as shown in Figure 3-16.
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Figure 3-16 Features of the AutoXecute page in flexControl
To run the Twister in conjunction with the mass spectrometer select the checkbox “Use
Twister”. Select “Barcode”, if a barcode reader is mounted at the lid storage platform
for the labeled targets to identify.
Barcode Identification has precedence over transponder identification
.
Target plates without barcodes are identified by the IDs stored in their transponders.
3.5 Example of the Structure of a Bruker ID
The ID’s are normally the Bruker Transponder ID. This ID consists of
PartNumber.SerialNumber, e.g. 209515.240.
This code corresponds to a MTP AnchorChip 400/384 with the serial Number 240.
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4 OPERATION
4.1 Locating the Instrument Functions -
Turning the Instrument ON or OFF
4.1.1 Rear Panel
Figure 4-1 Schematic of the connections at the rear
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At the rear of the instrument are the following connections (Figure 4-1):
CID:
• Collision gas inlet for argon or helium (6 bar maximum) for optional Collision
Induced Dissociation and flushing the collision cell.
• Switch to flush the CID-cell (after changing the collision gas).
• Flushing gas outlet.
Gas supply:
• Compressed air connection to operate the slide valve. Alternatively this port
might be externally connected with the nitrogen inlet for the laser to a common
N2 supply.
• Nitrogen inlet to operate a N
2
-laser (Class IV Laser Product).
• Gas inlet to vent the instrument.
Acquisition:
• Three BNC signal connectors (trigger, detector #1 and #2) for the digitizer
mounted on the PC.
Control:
• BNC connector to provide the video signal of the sample spot to a video capture
card mounted on the PC.
• Serial port to connect the (optional) Twister.
• Serial port to connect the PC (HOST).
Pump:
• Vacuum system exhaust 13 mm (1/2”) ∅ plastic tubing (Tygon), filter mounted
inside. Individual facilities may have safety guidelines, which require ventilation.
It is the responsibility of the user to adhere to the requirements of their
respective facility.
Service Only:
• Key field for the service to lift the cover.
Mains:
•
•
•
The instrument is fitted with an IEC320-C14 mains inlet. Instrument power is
controlled with the mains switch, where:
0 = OFF (vents the instrument)
I = ON
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4.1.2 Front Panel
The front panel Power LED illuminates when the instrument is properly powered up.
Figure 4-2 Control panel at the front of the instrument
1 LOAD / EJECT: Docking the target in or out of the instrument (in the case of
automatic cartridge combined with opening/closing of the cover lid).
2 ACCESS:
a) Permanently lit: When either the tray is inside or outside the instrument in the
end position.
b) OFF: During the target moves in or out.
3 IN PROGRESS: Permanently lit as long as the docking procedure is in progress
(Target In/ Out).
4 ERROR:
a) Permanently lit: Malfunction, requires intervention of the user or a service
technician details are shown on the PC (flexControl).
b) Flashing (combined with system error): Service mode or firmware update.
5 AUTOMODE: Permanent lit as long as AutoXecute is in progress. During this run
applying the related button cannot retract the target plate.
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6 READY:
a) Permanently lit: Ready for acquiring spectra, i.e. any interlock is closed; N
2
pressure is correct, sufficient vacuum, HV present, etc.
b) OFF: During the docking procedure.
7 WARM UP:
a) Permanent lit: Warm-up phase of the laser device (ClassIIIb/ ClassIV Laser
Product)
in progress or the system is not ready for measurement, e.g., the
docking procedure in still in progress, HV is off, etc. It takes some time, even
when all parameters comply with the requirements. This state is reflected
simultaneously on the PC screen providing details via flexControl.
b) Flash: A subordinated malfunction has occurred, which must be verified by the
user (less N2 pressure, interlock open).
8 ERROR:
c) Permanent lit: malfunction, requires intervention of the user or a service
technician; the tool tips feature on the PC shows details (flexControl).
d) Flashing: (combined with Target Error): Service mode or firmware update.
9 MAINS:
Permanent lit, when the main circuit breaker is on.
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4.2 Manual Cartridge
4.2.1 Checking for Instrument Operational Readiness
The front panel Ready LED (Figure 4-2) illuminates when the machine is ready for
acquisition. If the Ready LED does not illuminate, either the target is in the out position
or the pressure inside the analyzer is too high for proper operation.
4.2.2 Moving Targets In and Out with the Manual Cartridge
To change a target of the manual cartridge follow this procedure:
1. Press the “PUSH” button of the cover lid (Figure 4-3).
Figure 4-3 Closed cover lid of the manual cartridge with “PUSH” button
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2. Wait until the cover lid has reached the lower position. Pay attention not to
squash the fingers!
Figure 4-4 Open cover lid and free access to the manual cartridge
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3. Open the manual cartridge by pulling the lever with a finger.
Figure 4-5 Opening the cover plate of the manual cartridge
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4. Pull the lever with its target platform until it reaches the horizontal position.
Figure 4-6 Manual cartridge during opening
Figure 4-7 Manual cartridge completely opened
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5. Pull out the target out from the target slide.
Caution: Take care not to drop anything into the load port. Doing so can
prevent proper operation.
6. Place new target on the target slide and shift it into the load port until the end
position.
7. Push up the lever until the cartridge cover is closed. Then push down the lever
and lock it into its end-position.
8. Push up the cover lid and close it again.
9. Press the “LOAD/EJECT” button to move the target into the measurement
position inside the vacuum system.
10. Wait for the READY LED to illuminate before beginning acquisition. The total
time from initiating the target in routine by pushing the button to when the
READY LED illuminates should not exceed five minutes and is typically less
than two and a half minutes.
4.3 Using the Twister (optional)
4.3.1 Turning the Instrument On or OFF
Instrument power is controlled with the mains switch (Figure 3-3), where:
0 = Off. •
• I = On.
The front panel Power LED (Figure 3-2) illuminates when the machine is properly
powered up.
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4.3.2 Checking for Instrument Operational Readiness
The front panel Ready LED (Figure 3-2) illuminates when the machine is ready for
acquisition. If the Ready LED does not illuminate, either the target is in the out position
or the pressure inside the analyzer is too high for proper operation.
4.3.3 Moving Targets In
To move a target in:
11. Press the “TARGET IN/OUT” button momentarily (Figure 3-2) and wait for the
target platform to appear. Place the MTP-target into the target platform.
Caution: Take care not to drop any debris into the load port. Doing so can
prevent proper operation.
12. Press the “TARGET IN/OUT” button momentarily (Figure 3-2).
Wait for the READY LED to illuminate before beginning acquisition. The total
time from initiating the target in routine by pushing the button to when the
READY LED illuminates should not exceed five minutes and is typically less
than two and a half minutes.
4.3.4 Moving Targets Out
To move a target out:
1. Press the “TARGET IN/OUT” button momentarily and wait for the target
platform to appear.
2. Remove the target, and press the “TARGET IN/OUT” button momentarily a
second time.
4.3.5 Instrument Control in Analytical Operations
How to control the mass spectrometer in analytical operations is described in the
manual flexControl and flexAnalysis.
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5 INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE
Inspect the ventilation air filter every three months. Replace the filter when it is visibly
clogged with dust to ensure proper instrument function. The filter must be replaced.
Replace the filter by lifting the old filter up and out of the holder and slide in a new one.
Note: Replace only the genuine Bruker filter, PN 73121!
For service contact please refer to chapter Technical Support.
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6 INDEX
A
Analytical operations 52
AnchorChip 28
Assistance iii
B
Backpanel of the PC 17
C
Camera 37
Checking for Instrument Operational
Readiness 52
CID 25
Class IV laser product 24
Counter 28
D
Deflector voltage/matrix suppression 37
Detectors 36
Digitizer 37
E
Electrical Safety 13
Environmental Conditions 14
Example of a Bruker ID 42
F
Facility and Electrical Requirements 15
flexControl 41
G
Gas supply 10
Gating 37
Grounding 10
I
Installation and Setup 15
Instrument controller 20, 45
Instrument layout 19
Instrument Maintenance 53
L
Laser device 24
Laser system 37
LIFT 33
M
MALDI 9
Manual Conventions and Symbols 11
Moving targets in 47, 52
Moving targets out 52
O
Operating environment 10
Operating Precautions 12
P
PCIS 29, 31
PLMS 29, 31
Power 10
Purpose of the instrument 9
R
Remote service capability 39
S
Safety symbols vii, 10
Sample throughput 41
Scheme of the ion source 25
SCOUT MTP MALDI target 27
Setup 17
Site preparation Specification 10
T
Table of Changes iv
Tandem mass spectrometry 9
Targets 27
Transponder 28
Transponder/barcode information 42
Turning the Instrument On or OFF 45, 51
Twister 41
V
Vacuum system 24
Ventilation air filter 53
Venting 10
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