Brother FAX235, FAX236, FAX335MC, FAX218, FAX228MC Service Manual
FACSIMILE EQUIPMENT
SERVICE MANUAL
MODEL:FAX235/FAX236/
FAX335MC/
FAX218/
FAX228MC
© Copyright Brother 2003
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form or by any means without permission in writing
from the publisher.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
PREFACE
This publication is a Service Manual covering the specifications, construction, theory of operation, and maintenance of the Brother facsimile equipment. It includes information required for
field troubleshooting and repair—disassembly, reassembly, and adjustment—so that service
personnel will be able to understand equipment function, to rapidly repair the equipment and
order any necessary spare parts.
To perform appropriate maintenance so that the facsimile equipment is always in best condition
for the customer, the service personnel must adequately understand and apply this manual.
This manual is made up of six chapters and appendices.
CHAPTER I. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER II. INSTALLATION
CHAPTER III. THEORY OF OPERATION
CHAPTER IV. DISASSEMBLY/REASSEMBLY AND LUBRICATION
CHAPTER V. MAINTENANCE MODE
CHAPTER VI. ERROR INDICATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING
APPENDICES EEPROM Customizing Codes & Circuit Diagrams
This manual describes the model and its versions to be destined for major countries. The specifications
and functions are subject to change depending upon each destination.
CHAPTER I.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER I. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
CONTENTS
1. EQUIPMENT OUTLINE................................................................................. I-1
1.1External Appearance and Weight........................................................... I-1
1.2Components............................................................................................I-1
2. SPECIFICATIONS..........................................................................................I-2
1. EQUIPMENT OUTLINE
1.1
E
xternal
A
ppearan
The figure below shows the equipment appearance and approximate dimensions.
ce a
nd We
igh
t
299 (W)
137.0 (H)
240.0 (D)
(Unit: mm)
1.2
Weight: Machine proper Approx. 2.9 kg
In package Approx. 4.0 kg
C
omponents
The equipment consists of the following major components:
Handset
Main frame
(excluding a paper roll)
Control panel ASSY
Inner cover
Power supply PCB
NCU PCB
Main PCB
Bottom plate
Recorder & cutter
unit
Scanner frame ASSY
Drive unit
I - 1
2. SPECIFICATIONS
ModelFAX235 FAX236/218
ColorWhite(1517) White (1517)
Modem Speed 9600 bps 9600 bps
Coding Method MH MH
Transmission Speed 15 sec. 15 sec.
CCITT Group G3 G3
Input/Output Width Max. 8.5" x 8.5" Max. 8.5" x 8.5"
Handset Yes Yes
Automatic Cutter Yes Yes
ADF Capacity (pages) 10 pages 10 pages
Anti-curl System Yes Yes
Roll Paper Size (Standard thermal/Therma PLUS) 164'/98' (1"-core) 164'/98' (1"-core)
LCD Size 16 x 1 16 x 1
On-screen Programming Yes Yes
Memory Capacity No No
Super Fine Yes Yes
Smoothing Yes Yes
Gray Scale (levels) 64 by Dithered Method 64 by Dithered Method
One-touch Dialing4 locations 4 locations
Speed Dialing60 locations 100 locations
Telephone Index Yes Yes
Super Telephone Index No No
Hook Key (TEL Key) Yes Yes
Fax/Tel Switch Yes Yes
TAD Interface Yes Yes
Enlargement/Reduction No No
Enhanced Remote Activation Yes Yes
Distinctive Ringing (FAX Ability) Yes (ASIA Only) Yes (ASIA, CHINA Only)
Next-fax Reservation No Yes
Help Yes Yes
Caller ID (Caller Display) Yes Yes
Automatic Redialing Yes Yes
Auto Reduction No No
Multi-resolution Transmission Yes Yes
Polling Yes Yes
Delayed Transmission Yes, 1 timer Yes, 1 timer
Delayed PollingYes Yes
CoverpageNoYes
Call ReservationNoYes
Call-back MessageNoYes
Activity Report Yes Yes
Auto CNG Detection (New) Yes Yes
Transmission Verification Report Yes Yes
ECM No No
Broadcasting No No
Quick Scanning No No
Out-of-paper Reception No No
Multi Copy No No
Multi Transmission No No
PCI (Missing link No Yes
Confidential Mailbox No No
I – 2
Model FAX335MC/FAX228MC
C olor White (1517)
Modem Speed 14400 bps
C oding Method MH
Transmission S pee d 9 sec .
C CIT T G roup G 3
Input/Output Width 8.5"/8. 5"
Hold K ey (Mute Key) Yes
Automatic C utter Yes
ADF C apacity 10 pages
Anti-curl Sys tem Yes
R oll P aper Size ( S tandard therma l/The rma P LU S) 164'/98' (1 "-core)
LC D S ize 16 x 1
On-s cre en P rogramming Yes
Memory C apacity 512 K B
S uper F ine Yes
S moothing Yes
G ray S cale (levels ) 64 by Dithere d Method
One-touch Dialing 4 locations
S peed Dialing 100 locations
Telephone Index Yes
S uper Telephone Inde x No
S peaker Phone Yes (F ull D uplex)
F ax/Tel S witch Yes
TAD Interfa ce Yes
E nlargement/Reduction No
E nhanced R emote Activation Yes
Dis tinctive R inging (F AX Ability) Y es
Ne xt-fax R es ervation Yes
He lp Y es
C aller ID ( C aller Display) Ye s
Automatic R edia ling Yes
Auto R eduction N o
Multi-res olution Transmission Yes
P olling Y es
Delayed Trans miss ion Yes, 3 timers
Delayed P olling Y es
C overpage Yes
C all R es ervation Yes
C all-back Message Yes
Activity R eport Y es
Auto C NG Detec tion (New) Yes
Transmission Verifica tion R eport Y es
E CM Ye s
B roadca sting Ye s
Quick Sca nning Yes
Out-of-paper R eception Y es
Multi C opy Yes
Multi Trans miss ion No
P C I (Missing link) No
F ax F orwarding Yes
F ax-on-dema nd No
F ax R etrieva l Yes
IC M R ecording T ime 15 minutes
Memo/2-way R ec ording Yes
P age Memory Yes, 20 pa ges
P aging Yes
P ersonal F ax Ma il box (5) No
P ersonal Voic e Mail B ox (5) No
R emote C ontrol Yes
TAD Type DS P type
Toll S aver Yes
Voice-on-dema nd No
I - 3
CHAPTER II.
INSTALLATION
CHAPTER III.
THEORY OF OPERATION
CHAPTER III. THEORY OF OPERATION
CONTENTS
1. OVERVIEW.....................................................................................................III-1
2. MECHANISMS................................................................................................III-2
2.1Transmitting Mechanism (Feeding and scanning documents)............... III-2
2.1.1Automatic document feeder (ADF).................................................. III-2
2.1.2Scanner...........................................................................................III-3
2.2Receiving Mechanism (Feeding recording paper and printing data)...... III-4
2.2.1Anti-curl system (ACS).................................................................... III-4
2.2.2Automatic cutter.............................................................................. III-4
2.2.3Recorder..........................................................................................III-4
2.3Power Transmission Mechanism........................................................... III-5
2.3.1Structure of the gear train............................................................... III-5
2.3.2Description of planetary gear system.............................................. III-7
2.3.3Power transmission for four operation modes................................. III-8
[ 1 ]Recording mode (Solenoid: OFF, Motor rotation: Forward)........ III-9
[ 2 ]Scanning mode (Solenoid: OFF, Motor rotation: Reverse).......... III-10
[ 3 ]Copying mode (Solenoid: ON➞OFF, Motor rotation: Forward)... III-11
[ 4 ]Cutter driving mode (Solenoid: ON, Motor rotation: Reverse)..... III-12
2.3.4Power transmission route............................................................... III-14
2.4Sensors and Actuators........................................................................... III-15
3. CONTROL ELECTRONICS........................................................................... III-17
3.1Configuration...........................................................................................III-17
3.2Main PCB................................................................................................III-18
3.3NCU PCB................................................................................................III-20
3.4Control Panel PCB................................................................................. III-21
3.5Power Supply PCB................................................................................ III-22
1. OVERVIEW
LCD
Line
Control panel
Scanner
(CIS unit)
Telephone
Automatic cutter
Recorder
Controller
Drive unit
(Motor and
solenoid)
NCU
Power supply
Speaker
III – 1
,,
,
2. MECHANISMS
The equipment is classified into the following mechanisms:
■ Transmitting Mechanism Feeding and scanning documents
■ Receiving Mechanism Feeding recording paper and printing data
■ Power Transmission Mechanism Switching the power transmission route
■ Sensors and Actuators
2.1 Transmitting Mechanism (Feeding and scanning documents)
The transmitting mechanism consists of the document stacker, automatic document feeder
(ADF), document feeding related rollers, scanner, and document sensors. (For details about
the sensors, refer to Section 2.4.)
For the drive power source, refer to Section 2.3.
Document stacker
Document
2.1.1 Automatic document feeder (ADF)
If the operator sets documents on the stacker and starts the transmitting operation, the ADF
(consisting of the separation roller ASSY and ADF parts) feeds those documents into the
equipment, starting from the bottom sheet to the top, page by page. Each document advances to the scanner, and then it is fed out of the equipment with the white pressure roller.
Separation roller ASSY
ADF parts
White pressure roller
(Front)
Scanner (CIS unit)
III – 2
2.1.2 Scanner
The scanner uses a contact image sensor (CIS) unit which consists of an LED array illuminating documents, a self-focus lens array collecting the reflected light, a CIS PCB carrying
out photoelectric conversion to output picture element data, and a cover glass on which a
document advances. When the document passes between the white pressure roller and the
cover glass, it is scanned.
III – 3
2.2 Receiving Mechanism (Feeding recording paper and printing data)
,,
,
The receiving mechanism consists of the recording paper roll holder, anti-curl system (ACS)
plate, platen, thermal recording head, automatic cutter, and sensors. (For details about the
sensors, refer to Section 2.4.)
The recording paper is routed on the ACS plate to the recording head which prints onto the
heat-sensitive recording paper pressed by the platen according to received image signals.
The printed paper is further fed through the cutter chute and cut by the automatic cutter page
by page.
For the drive power source, refer to Section 2.3.
Cutter's upper blade
Recording paper roll
2.2.1 Anti-curl system (ACS)
The ACS eliminates curl peculiar to rolled recording paper by curving the paper towards the
opposite side of the curl with the ACS plate.
2.2.2 Automatic cutter
The automatic paper cutter consists of an upper blade (rotary) and a lower blade (stationary). As the upper blade rotates around the left end hub, the recording paper will be cut.
Upon completion of cutting, the upper blade returns to its home position which is detected by
the cutter HP sensor.
2.2.3 Recorder
The recorder, which is incorporated in the middle of the machine, consists of the recording
head unit, coil spring, and platen. It prints according to received image signals.
ACS plate
(Front)
Cutter's lower blade
Platen
Recording head
III – 4
2.3 Power Transmission Mechanism
The equipment has a single drive motor whose power transmission route can be switched by
the planetary gear train and the solenoid. This switching allows the equipment to function in
four operation modes (recording, scanning, copying, and cutter driving modes).
2.3.1 Structure of the gear train
The gear train consists of two groups of gears: one group on the drive unit and the other on
the scanner frame ASSY. Mounting the drive unit onto the scanner frame ASSY makes
those two groups of gears engage with each other so that the rotation torque of the motor on
the drive unit is transmitted to the separation roller, white pressure roller, and platen.
Shown below are a group of gears, the motor and solenoid on the drive unit. The cutter gear
(Q) is integrated in the cutter flange (R) whose boss is placed in the hole provided in the
cutter’s upper blade.
A (Motor gear)
Spring
Clutch arm
Solenoid
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
B (Sun gear 18/82)
Drive Unit (viewed from the motor mounting side)
J (Gear 20)
K (Gear 16/24)
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
P (Gear 24)
Shown below is a group of gears on the scanner frame ASSY.
L (Separation roller gear)
G (Gear 18L)
M (Gear 23)
N (Flanged gear 23)
Q (Cutter gear)
R (Cutter flange)
Boss of cutter flange
(Front)
Drive unit
O (White pressure roller gear)
F (Gear 18)
E (Gear 14/20)
D (Gear 16)
I (Reverse gear)
H (Platen gear)
(Front)
Scanner frame ASSY
Scanner Frame ASSY
III – 5
Shown below is a gear train constructed by combining the drive unit and scanner frame
ASSY. The motor rotation is transmitted via the planet gear 20B (C1) to the gear 16 (D) and
via the gear 16/24 (K) to the separation roller gear (L).
K (Gear 16/24)
L (Separation roller gear)
O (White pressure roller gear)
(Front)
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
D (Gear 16)
H (Platen gear)
Combination of Drive Unit and Scanner Frame ASSY
III – 6
2.3.2 Description of planetary gear system
The planetary gear train consists of the sun gear 18/82, two planet gears 20, arm A, and arm
B, as shown below.
Stopper of arm A
Motor gear
Planet gear 20B
Arm B
Planetary Gear System
Sun gear 18/82
Planet gear 20A
Arm A
If the motor rotates, the sun gear 18/82 rotates so that the rotational torque is transmitted to
the engagement between the sun gear and the planet gears 20. Since the arms and planet
gears are so designed that the moment of the arms is less than that of the planet gears, the
arms turn around the center shaft in the same direction as the sun gear 18/82.
If the planet gear(s) becomes engaged with any other gear so that the arm cannot turn any
more, the rotational torque of the sun gear 18/82 is transmitted to that planet gear. Accordingly, the planet gear starts rotation in the opposite direction of the sun gear 18/82.
III – 7
2.3.3 Power transmission for four operation modes
Depending upon the solenoid ON/OFF state and the motor rotation direction, the planetary
gear train switches the power transmission route for the four operation modes.
Solenoid ON/OFF state Motor rotation direction
Solenoid: OFF
Spring
Clutch arm
Forward
Reverse
Solenoid
Solenoid: ON
Cutout X
(engaged with stopper
of arm A)
Planet
gear 20B
Motor gear
Arm B
Stopper of arm A
Sun gear 18/82
Planet
gear 20A
Arm A
Section Y
III – 8
[ 1 ] Recording mode (Solenoid: OFF, Motor rotation: Forward)
In the recording mode, the control electronics deactivates the solenoid. When the motor rotates in the forward direction, the clutch arm turns clockwise with the spring and its cutout X
becomes engaged with the stopper of arm A. Once arm A is locked, the planet gear 20A
(C2) will not be engaged with any other gear but simply idle.
The motor rotation turns the sun gear 18/82 (B) counterclockwise so that the planet gear 20B
(C1) transmits the rotation via the gears D through G to the platen gear (H).
Clutch arm
Cutout X of clutch arm
Stopper of arm A
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
Arm A Locked by Cutout
Solenoid
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
B (Sun gear 18/82)
XX
X of Clutch Arm
XX
A (Motor gear)
B (Sun gear 18/82)
Active Gears on the Drive Unit
(Front)
D
Active Gears on the Scanner Frame ASSY
F
E
G
III – 9
H (Platen gear)
(Front)
[ 2 ] Scanning mode (Solenoid: OFF, Motor rotation: Reverse)
Just as in the recording mode, the control electronics deactivates the solenoid in the scanning mode to lock arm A.
The motor rotates in the reverse direction and the sun gear 18/82 (B) rotates clockwise so
that the planet gear 20B (C1) transmits the rotation to the separation roller gear (L) and white
pressure roller gear (O) via the several gears.
Clutch arm
Cutout X of clutch arm
Stopper of arm A
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
Arm A Locked by Cutout
A (Motor gear)
Solenoid
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
L (Separation roller gear)
B (Sun gear 18/82)
XX
X of Clutch Arm
XX
J
K
B (Sun gear 18/82)
Active Gears on the Drive Unit
(Front)
M
Active Gears on the Scanner Frame ASSY
III – 10
O (White pressure roller
gear)
N
(Front)
[ 3 ] Copying mode (Solenoid: ON➞OFF, Motor rotation: Forward)
The control electronics at first activates the solenoid to release the stopper of arm A from the
cutout X of the clutch arm while rotating the motor in the forward direction. Accordingly, the
sun gear 18/82 (B) rotates counterclockwise so that both the planet gears 20B (C1) and 20A
(C2) transmit the rotation; C1 rotation to the platen gear (H) and C2 rotation to the separation
roller gear (L) and white pressure roller gear (O).
Once the planet gear 20A (C2) becomes engaged with gear K, the control electronics deactivates the solenoid.
Clutch arm
Cutout X of clutch arm
Stopper of arm A
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
Arm A Released from Cutout
A (Motor gear)
Solenoid
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
B (Sun gear 18/82)
XX
X of Clutch Arm
XX
K
B (Sun gear 18/82)
Active Gears on the Drive Unit
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
(Front)
L (Separation roller gear)
DE
F
Active Gears on the Scanner Frame ASSY
G
III – 11
M
O (White pressure roller
gear)
N
H (Platen gear)
(Front)
[ 4 ] Cutter driving mode (Solenoid: ON, Motor rotation: Reverse)
The control electronics activates the solenoid to release the stopper of arm A from the clutch
arm. When the motor rotates in the reverse direction, the sun gear 18/82 (B) rotates clockwise so that the planet gear 20A (C2) transmits the rotation to the cutter gear (Q) via gear P.
Since the planet gear 20B (C1) is blocked by the section Y of the clutch arm, it is merely
idle without engaging with any other gear.
Clutch arm
Stopper of arm A
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
Section Y of clutch arm
Arm B
C1 (Planet gear 20B)
Arm B Blocked by Section
A (Motor gear)
B (Sun gear 18/82)
YY
Y of Clutch Arm
YY
Solenoid
B (Sun gear 18/82)
C2 (Planet gear 20A)
Q (Cutter gear)
R (Cutter flange)
P
(Front)
Active Gears on the Drive Unit
G
Active Gears on the Scanner Frame ASSY
III – 12
I (Reverse gear)
H (Platen gear)
(Front)
The cutter gear (Q) is a two-stepped gear whose inside gear is a one-tooth sector gear.
While the cutter gear (Q) rotates by one turn for one stroke of the upper blade of the cutter,
the one-tooth sector gear slightly turns the platen gear (H) clockwise via the reverse gear (I)
to feed the recording paper back into the equipment. This prevents the upper blade of the
cutter from scratching the leading edge of the remaining paper.
I (Reverse gear)
One-tooth sector gear
Q (Cutter gear)
III – 13
2.3.4 Power transmission route
Rotation of the motor gear is transmitted as shown below.
J
A
C1
Gears on the Drive Unit
K
C2
P
B
L
M
I
Q
O
N
A: Motor gear
B: Sun gear 18/82
C1: Planet gear 20B
C2: Planet gear 20A
D: Gear 16
E: Gear 14/20
F: Gear 18
G: Gear 18L
H: Platen gear
I: Reverse gear
J: Gear 20
K: Gear 16/24
L: Separation roller gear
M: Gear 23
N: Flanged gear 23
O: White pressure roller
gear
P: Gear 24
Q: Cutter gear
F
D
E
G
H
Gears on the Scanner Frame ASSY
[ 1 ] Recording Mode (Solenoid: OFF, Motor rotation: forward)
C1 ➔ D ➔ E ➔ F ➔ G ➔ H
A ➔ B
C2 (idling)
[ 2 ] Scanning Mode (Solenoid: OFF, Motor rotation: reverse)
C1 ➔ J ➔ K ➔ L ➔ M ➔ N ➔ O
A ➔ B
C2 (idling)
[ 3 ] Copying Mode (Solenoid: ON➔OFF, Motor rotation: forward)
C1 ➔ D ➔ E ➔ F ➔ G ➔ H
A ➔ B
C2 ➔ K ➔ L ➔ M ➔ N ➔ O
[ 4 ] Cutter Driving Mode (Solenoid: ON, Motor rotation: reverse)
C1 (idling)
A ➔ B
C2 ➔ P ➔ Q(➔ I ➔ G ➔ H)
(Reverse-feeds recording paper)
III – 14
2.4 Sensors and Actuators
This equipment has two photosensors and four mechanical switches as described below.
Sensor name Type Located on
Document front sensor Photosensor (PH1) Main PCB
Document rear sensor Photosensor (PH2) Main PCB
Paper empty (PE) sensor Mechanical switch (SW1) Main PCB
Cover sensor Mechanical switch (SW2) Main PCB
Hook switch sensor Mechanical switch (SW3) Main PCB
Cutter home position (HP) sensor Mechanical switch Drive unit
• Document front sensor which detects the presence of documents.
• Document rear sensor which detects the leading and trailing edges of pages to tell the
control circuitry when the leading edge of a new page has reached the starting position
and when the scan for that page is over.
These photosensors are of a reflection type consisting of a light-emitting diode and a lightsensitive transistor. Each of them has an actuator separately arranged (see the next page).
When an actuator is not activated, its white end lies in the path of light issued from the lightemitting diode and reflects its light into the light-sensitive transistor. If a document is fed in
so as to activate the actuator, the actuator’s white end goes out of the light path. With no
reflected light to go into the light-sensitive transistor, the sensor detects the presence of
documents.
• PE sensor which detects when the recording paper runs out.
• Cover sensor which detects whether the control panel is closed.
• Hook switch sensor which detects whether the handset is placed on the handset mount.
• Cutter HP sensor which detects the home position of the upper rotary blade of the automatic cutter.
Each of these four sensors has an actuator separately arranged (see the next page). If an
actuator is activated, its lower end releases or pushes down the lever provided on the corresponding sensor so that the sensor signals the detection.
Path of actuator’s end
Approx. 0.7 mm
Lightemitting
diode
Lightsensitive
transistor
Glass
Photosensor
III – 15
(Rear)
Cover sensor actuator (Panel lock arm)
Cover sensor
Hook switch sensor actuator
Hook switch sensor
Document front sensor actuator
Document front sensor
Document rear sensor actuator
Document rear sensor
PE sensor actuator
PE sensor
Cutter HP sensor actuator (Cutter flange)
Cutter HP sensor
Location of Sensors and Actuators
III – 16
3. CONTROL ELECTRONICS
3.1 Configuration
The hardware configuration of the facsimile equipment is shown below.
Line
External
telephone
*Provided on the
FAX335MC/FAX228MC
Speaker
*2
Motor
Drive unit
Handset
Solenoid
J3
2-pin
Mic *
Recording head
J2
4-pin
4-pin
2-pin
5-pin
2-pin
12-pin
2-pin
Cutter HP
sensor
J1
2-pin
NCU PCB
(Note)
FAX
engine
*1
Main PCB
6-pin
2-pin
Battery *
Power supply PCB
5-pin
8-pin
7-pin
PCI *
CIS unit
(Note)
12-pin:Gulf version
18-pin:Asian versions
Control
LCD
panel PCB
13-pin
FPC key
*1 On the main PCB are these sensors:
*2 On the drive unit is the cutter HP sensor.
Configuration of Facsimile Equipment
III – 17
• PE sensor (SW1)
• Cover sensor (SW2)
• Hook switch sensor (SW3)
• Document front sensor (PH1)
• Document rear sensor (PH2)
3.2 Main PCB
The main PCB, which is the nucleus controlling the entire operation of the equipment, consists of a FAX engine (ASIC), memories, MODEM, motor drive circuitry, sensor detection circuitry, and analog circuits for scanning, recording, and power transmission shifting.
NCU
Power
supply
Speaker
Mic**
Automatic
cutter
ROM
2
E
PROM
SRAM *
DRAM **
E2PROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory
FAX
engine
(ASIC)
Motor
driver
Sensors
Control panel
Recording head
CIS
Motor
Ni-MH
battery **
PCI**
*Provided on the FAX235/FAX236/FAX218
**Provided on the FAX335MC/FAX228MC
Block Diagram of Main PCB
III – 18
FAX235/FAX236/218
Analog front end
processor
Analog switch
Speaker amplifier
EEPROM
Amplifier
SRAM
ROM
Transistor array
FAX control
gate array
FAX335MC/228MC
Analog front end
processors
Speaker amplifier
Analog switch
Amplifiers
EEPROM
Analog switch
FAX control
gate array
DRAM
ROM
Transistor array
III - 19
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