Brocade Communications Systems ICX 6650 User Manual

53-1002603-01

®

28 September 2012

Brocade ICX 6650

Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide

Supporting FastIron Software Release 07.5.00

Copyright © 2012 Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Document History

Title Publication number Summary of changes Date

Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing
Configuration Guide

53-1002603-01 Release 07.4.00 document

updated with
enhancements in Release

07.5.00

September 2012

Contents

About This Document

Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Supported hardware and software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi

How this document is organized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii

Document conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Text formatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Command syntax conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Notes, cautions, and warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Notice to the reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

Related publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

Additional information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Brocade resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Other industry resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Getting technical help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Document feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi

Chapter 1 IP Configuration

Basic IP configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

IP configuration overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Full Layer 3 support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

IP interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

IP packet flow through a Layer 3 Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

IP route exchange protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

IP multicast protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

IP interface redundancy protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

ACLs and IP access policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Basic IP parameters and defaults – Layer 3 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . 11

When parameter changes take effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

IP global parameters – Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

IP interface parameters – Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Basic IP parameters and defaults – Layer 2 Switches. . . . . . . . . . . 17

IP global parameters – Layer 2 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Interface IP parameters – Layer 2 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

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Configuring IP parameters – Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Configuring IP addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Configuring 31-bit subnet masks on

point-to-point networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Configuring DNS resolver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Configuring packet parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Changing the router ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Specifying a single source interface for specified

packet types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

ARP parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Configuring forwarding parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Disabling ICMP messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Disabling ICMP redirect messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Static routes configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Configuring a default network route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Configuring IP load sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

ICMP Router Discovery Protocol configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

IRDP parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol configuration . . . . . . . . .61

Configuring UDP broadcast and IP helper parameters . . . . . . . 62

BootP and DHCP relay parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . .65

DHCP Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Displaying DHCP Server information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

DHCP Client-Based Auto-Configuration and flash

image update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Configuring IP parameters – Layer 2 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Configuring the management IP address and specifying

the default gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Configuring Domain Name Server resolver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Changing the TTL threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

DHCP Assist configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

IPv4 point-to-point GRE tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

IPv4 GRE tunnel overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

GRE packet structure and header format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Path MTU Discovery (PMTUD) support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Configuration considerations for PMTUD support . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Support for IPv4 multicast routing over GRE tunnels . . . . . . . . 97

GRE support with other features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Configuration considerations for GRE IP tunnels . . . . . . . . . . .98

Configuration tasks for GRE tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

Point-to-point GRE tunnel configuration example . . . . . . . . . .107

Displaying GRE tunneling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Clearing GRE statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Displaying IP configuration information and statistics . . . . . . . . . .113

Changing the network mask display to prefix format . . . . . . .113

Displaying IP information – Layer 3 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Displaying IP information – Layer 2 Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

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Chapter 2 Base Layer 3 and Routing Protocols

Adding a static IP route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Adding a static ARP entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Modifying and displaying Layer 3 system parameter limits . . . . . .134

Layer 3 configuration notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134

Displaying Layer 3 system parameter limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

Configuring RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

Enabling RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

Enabling redistribution of IP static routes into RIP . . . . . . . . .136

Configuring a redistribution filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

Enabling redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

Enabling learning of default routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

Changing the route loop prevention method . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138

Other Layer 3 protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Enabling or disabling routing protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Enabling or disabling Layer 2 switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Configuration notes and feature limitations for

Layer 2 switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

Command syntax for Layer 2 switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

Chapter 3 RIP (IPv4)

RIP overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

RIP parameters and defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142

RIP global parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142

RIP interface parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143

RIP parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

Enabling RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

Enabling ECMP for routes in RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

Configuring metric parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

Changing the administrative distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146

Configuring redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146

Route learning and advertising parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148

Denying route advertisements for connected routes . . . . . . .150

Changing the route loop prevention method . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150

Suppressing RIP route advertisement on a VRRP or

VRRP-E backup interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

Configuring RIP route filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

Displaying RIP filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

Chapter 4 RIP (IPv6)

RIPng overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157

Summary of configuration tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158

RIPng configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158

Enabling RIPng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158

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RIPng timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Updating RIPng timers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Route learning and advertising parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160

Configuring default route learning and advertising . . . . . . . . .160

Advertising IPv6 address summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160

Changing the metric of routes learned and

advertised on an interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Redistributing routes into RIPng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Controlling distribution of routes through RIPng. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162

Configuring poison reverse parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162

Clearing RIPng routes from the IPv6 route table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163

Displaying the RIPng configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164

Displaying RIPng routing table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165

Chapter 5 OSPF version 2 (IPv4)

OSPF overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168

OSPF point-to-point links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169

Designated routers in multi-access networks . . . . . . . . . . . . .170

Designated router election in multi-access networks . . . . . . .170

OSPF RFC 1583 and 2178 compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Reduction of equivalent AS External LSAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172

Support for OSPF RFC 2328 Appendix E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Dynamic OSPF activation and configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175

Dynamic OSPF memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

OSPF graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Configuring OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

OSPF configuration rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

OSPF parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

Enabling OSPF on the router. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

Assigning OSPF areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179

Assigning an area range (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183

Assigning interfaces to an area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

Modifying interface defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

Changing the timer for OSPF authentication changes . . . . . .186

Block flooding of outbound LSAs on specific

OSPF interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Configuring an OSPF non-broadcast interface. . . . . . . . . . . . .188

Assigning virtual links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189

Modifying virtual link parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

Changing the reference bandwidth for the cost

on OSPF interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

Defining redistribution filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194

Preventing specific OSPF routes from being installed

in the IP route table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197

Modifying the default metric for redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . .200

Enabling route redistribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200

Disabling or re-enabling load sharing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202

Configuring external route summarization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204

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Configuring default route origination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205

Modifying SPF timers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206

Modifying the redistribution metric type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207

Administrative distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207

Configuring OSPF group Link State Advertisement pacing . . .208

Modifying OSPF traps generated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208

Specifying the types of OSPF Syslog messages to log . . . . . .209

Modifying the OSPF standard compliance setting. . . . . . . . . .210

Modifying the exit overflow interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Configuring an OSPF point-to-point link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211

Configuring OSPF graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211

Clearing OSPF information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212

Clearing OSPF neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212

Clearing OSPF topology information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213

Clearing redistributed routes from the OSPF routing table . . .213

Clearing information for OSPF areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213

Displaying OSPF information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214

Displaying general OSPF configuration information . . . . . . . .214

Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Displaying OSPF area information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216

Displaying OSPF neighbor information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217

Displaying OSPF interface information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219

Displaying OSPF route information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220

Displaying OSPF external link state information . . . . . . . . . . .222

Displaying OSPF link state information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223

Displaying the data in an LSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224

Displaying OSPF virtual neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . .224

Displaying OSPF virtual link information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224

Displaying OSPF ABR and ASBR information. . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

Displaying OSPF trap status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

Displaying OSPF graceful restart information . . . . . . . . . . . . .226

Chapter 6 OSPF version 3 (IPv6)

OSPF (IPv6) overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227

Differences between OSPF V2 and OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228

Link state advertisement types for OSPF V3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228

OSPF V3 configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229

Enabling OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229

Assigning OSPF V3 areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230

Assigning interfaces to an area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Configuring virtual links. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Changing the reference bandwidth for the cost on

OSPF V3 interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234

Redistributing routes into OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

External route summarization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238

Filtering OSPF V3 routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

Default route origination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242

Shortest path first timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243

Administrative distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244

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Configuring the OSPF V3 LSA pacing interval . . . . . . . . . . . . .245

Modifying exit overflow interval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245

Modifying external link state database limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245

Modifying OSPF V3 interface defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246

Disabling or re-enabling event logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247

IPsec for OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

IPsec for OSPF V3 configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .248

Displaying OSPF V3 Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254

Displaying OSPF V3 area information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255

Displaying OSPF V3 database information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256

Displaying OSPF V3 interface information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261

Displaying OSPF V3 memory usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .264

Displaying OSPF V3 neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265

Displaying routes redistributed into OSPF V3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .267

Displaying OSPF V3 route information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268

Displaying OSPF V3 SPF information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270

Displaying IPv6 OSPF virtual link information . . . . . . . . . . . . .273

Displaying OSPF V3 virtual neighbor information . . . . . . . . . .273

IPsec examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Chapter 7 BGP (IPv4)

BGP4 overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282

Relationship between the BGP4 route table and

the IP route table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282

How BGP4 selects a path for a route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283

BGP4 message types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285

BGP4 graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Basic configuration and activation for BGP4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Note regarding disabling BGP4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

BGP4 parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

BGP4 parameter changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289

Basic configuration tasks required for BGP4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Enabling BGP4 on the router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Changing the router ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Setting the local AS number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292

Adding a loopback interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292

Adding BGP4 neighbors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292

Adding a BGP4 peer group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299

Optional BGP4 configuration tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304

Changing the Keep Alive Time and Hold Time . . . . . . . . . . . . .304

Changing the BGP4 next-hop update timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304

Enabling fast external fallover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305

Changing the maximum number of paths for

BGP4 load sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305

Customizing BGP4 load sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .307

Specifying a list of networks to advertise. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .307

Changing the default local preference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309

Using the IP default route as a valid next hop for

a BGP4 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309

viii Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide

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Advertising the default route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Changing the default MED (Metric) used for

route redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Enabling next-hop recursion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310

Changing administrative distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .313

Requiring the first AS to be the neighbor AS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315

Disabling or re-enabling comparison of the

AS-Path length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315

Enabling or disabling comparison of the router IDs . . . . . . . .315

Configuring the Layer 3 switch to always compare

Multi-Exit Discriminators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316

Treating missing MEDs as the worst MEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316

Route reflection parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Configuration notes for BGP4 autonomous systems . . . . . . .320

Aggregating routes advertised to BGP4 neighbors . . . . . . . . .323

Configuring BGP4 graceful restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324

Configuring timers for BGP4 graceful restart (optional) . . . . .324

BGP null0 routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325

Configuration steps for BGP null0 routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .326

Configuration examples for BGP null0 routing. . . . . . . . . . . . .327

Show commands for BGP null0 routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .328

Modifying redistribution parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .330

Redistributing connected routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .330

Redistributing RIP routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331

Redistributing OSPF external routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331

Redistributing static routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332

Disabling or re-enabling re-advertisement of all learned

BGP4 routes to all BGP4 neighbors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332

Redistributing IBGP routes into RIP and OSPF. . . . . . . . . . . . .332

Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333

Specific IP address filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333

AS-path filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334

BGP4 filtering communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .338

Defining IP prefix lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .340

Defining neighbor distribute lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .341

Defining route maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .342

Using a table map to set the tag value. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350

Configuring cooperative BGP4 route filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . .351

Route flap dampening configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .354

Globally configuring route flap dampening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355

Using a route map to configure route flap dampening

for specific routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355

Using a route map to configure route flap dampening for

a specific neighbor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .356

Removing route dampening from a route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357

Removing route dampening from neighbor routes

suppressed due to aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357

Displaying and clearing route flap dampening statistics . . . .359

Generating traps for BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .360

Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide ix
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Displaying BGP4 information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361

Displaying summary BGP4 information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361

Displaying the active BGP4 configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364

Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364

Displaying summary neighbor information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .366

Displaying BGP4 neighbor information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .367

Displaying peer group information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .378

Displaying summary route information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379

Displaying the BGP4 route table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380

Displaying BGP4 route-attribute entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .386

Displaying the routes BGP4 has placed in the

IP route table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .387

Displaying route flap dampening statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .388

Displaying the active route map configuration . . . . . . . . . . . .389

Displaying BGP4 graceful restart neighbor information . . . . .390

Updating route information and resetting a neighbor session . . .390

Using soft reconfiguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .391

Dynamically requesting a route refresh from

a BGP4 neighbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .393

Closing or resetting a neighbor session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396

Clearing and resetting BGP4 routes in the IP route table . . . .397

Clearing traffic counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397

Clearing route flap dampening statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .398

Removing route flap dampening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .398

Clearing diagnostic buffers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .399

Chapter 8 IPv6

Static IPv6 route configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .401

Configuring a static IPv6 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .401

IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403

IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel configuration notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403

Configuring a manual IPv6 tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .404

Clearing IPv6 tunnel statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405

Displaying IPv6 tunnel information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405

ECMP load sharing for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .408

Disabling or re-enabling ECMP load sharing for IPv6 . . . . . . .409

Changing the maximum load sharing paths for IPv6 . . . . . . .409

Enabling support for network-based ECMP

load sharing for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409

Displaying ECMP load-sharing information for IPv6 . . . . . . . .409

Chapter 9 VRRP and VRRP-E

VRRP and VRRP-E overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .412

VRRP overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412

VRRP-E overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417

ARP behavior with VRRP-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420

x Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide

53-1002603-01

Comparison of VRRP and VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420

VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420

VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420

Architectural differences between VRRP and VRRP-E. . . . . . .421

VRRP and VRRP-E parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422

Note regarding disabling VRRP or VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425

Basic VRRP parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425

Configuration rules for VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425

Configuring the Owner for IPv4 VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426

Configuring the Owner for IPv6 VRRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426

Configuring a Backup for IPv4 VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427

Configuring a Backup for IPv6 VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428

Configuration considerations for IPv6 VRRP v3 and

IPv6 VRRP-E v3 support on Brocade devices . . . . . . . . . . . . .429

Basic VRRP-E parameter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430

Configuration rules for VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430

Configuring IPv4 VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .430

Configuring IPv6 VRRP-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431

Additional VRRP and VRRP-E parameter configuration . . . . . . . . .432

VRRP and VRRP-E authentication types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433

VRRP router type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435

Suppression of RIP advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436

Hello interval configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437

Dead interval configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438

Backup Hello message state and interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438

Track port configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439

Track priority configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439

Backup preempt configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440

Changing the timer scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .440

VRRP-E slow start timer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .441

VRRP-E Extension for Server Virtualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .442

Forcing a Master router to abdicate to a Backup router. . . . . . . . .445

Displaying VRRP and VRRP-E information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446

Displaying summary information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446

Displaying detailed information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .448

Displaying statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .454

Clearing VRRP or VRRP-E statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456

Displaying CPU utilization statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456

Displaying VRRP and VRRP-E information for IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . .458

Displaying detailed information for IPv6 VRRP v3 and

IPv6 VRRP-E v3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .458

Configuration examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460

VRRP example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460

VRRP-E example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .461

Index

Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide xi
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xii Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide

53-1002603-01

About This Document

Slot 1

The Brocade ICX 6650 is a ToR (Top of Rack) Ethernet switch for campus LAN and classic Ethernet
data center environments.

Audience

This document is designed for system administrators with a working knowledge of Layer 2 and
Layer 3 switching and routing.

If you are using a Brocade Layer 3 Switch, you should be familiar with the following protocols if
applicable to your network: IP, RIP, OSPF, BGP, ISIS, PIM, and VRRP.

Supported hardware and software

This document is specific to the Brocade ICX 6650 running FastIron 7.5.00.

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering

Many CLI commands require users to enter port numbers as part of the command syntax, and
many show command outputs display port numbers. The port numbers are entered and displayed
in stack-unit/slot number/port number format. In all Brocade ICX 6650 inputs and outputs, the
stack-unit number is always 1.

The Brocade ICX 6650 contains the following slots and Ethernet ports:

• Slot 1 is located on the front of the ICX 6650 device and contains ports 1 through 56. Ports 1

through 32 are 10 GbE. Ports 33 through 56 are 1/10 GbE SFP+ ports. Refer to the following
figure.

xi

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering

Slot 2

Slot 2 Slot 3

• Slot 2 is located on the back of the Brocade ICX 6650 device and contains ports 1 through 3

on the top row and port 4 on the bottom row. These ports are 2x40 GbE QSFP+. Refer to the
following figure.

• Slot 3 is located on the back of the Brocade ICX 6650 device and contains ports 1 through 8.

These ports are 4 x 10 GbE breakout ports and require the use of a breakout cable. Refer to
the previous figure.

How this document is organized

This document is organized to help you find the information that you want as quickly and easily as
possible.

The document contains the following components:

• “IP Configuration” on page 1

• “Base Layer 3 and Routing Protocols” on page 133

• “RIP (IPv4)” on page 141

• “RIP (IPv6)” on page 157

• “OSPF version 2 (IPv4)” on page 167

• “OSPF version 3 (IPv6)” on page 227

• “BGP (IPv4)” on page 281

• “IPv6” on page 401

• “VRRP and VRRP-E” on page 411

xii

Document conventions

NOTE

This section describes text formatting conventions and important notice formats used in this
document.

Text formatting

The narrative-text formatting conventions that are used are as follows:

bold text Identifies command names

italic text Provides emphasis

code text Identifies CLI output

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering

Identifies the names of user-manipulated GUI elements
Identifies keywords and operands
Identifies text to enter at the GUI or CLI

Identifies variables
Identifies paths and Internet addresses
Identifies document titles

Identifies command syntax examples

For readability, command names in the narrative portions of this guide are presented in mixed
lettercase: for example, switchShow. In actual examples, command lettercase is all lowercase.

Command syntax conventions

Command syntax in this manual follows these conventions:

command Commands are printed in bold.

--option, option Command options are printed in bold.

-argument, arg Arguments.

[ ] Optional elements appear in brackets.

variable Variables are printed in italics. In the help pages, values are underlined

enclosed in angled brackets < >.

... Repeat the previous element, for example “member[;member...]”

value Fixed values following arguments are printed in plain font. For example,

--show WWN

| Boolean. Elements are exclusive. Example:

--show -mode egress | ingress

or

Notes, cautions, and warnings

The following notices and statements are used in this manual. They are listed below in order of
increasing severity of potential hazards.

A note provides a tip, guidance, or advice, emphasizes important information, or provides a
reference to related information.

Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide xiii
53-1002603-01

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering

ATTENTION

CAUTION

DANGER

An Attention statement indicates potential damage to hardware or data.

A Caution statement alerts you to situations that can be potentially hazardous to you or cause
damage to hardware, firmware, software, or data.

A Danger statement indicates conditions or situations that can be potentially lethal or extremely
hazardous to you. Safety labels are also attached directly to products to warn of these conditions
or situations.

Notice to the reader

This document might contain references to the trademarks of the following corporations. These
trademarks are the properties of their respective companies and corporations.

These references are made for informational purposes only.

Corporation Referenced Trademarks and Products

Microsoft Corporation Windows, Windows NT, Internet Explorer

Oracle Corporation Oracle, Java

Netscape Communications Corporation Netscape

Mozilla Corporation Mozilla Firefox

Sun Microsystems, Inc. Sun, Solaris

Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Network, Maximum RPM, Linux Undercover

Related publications

The following Brocade documents supplement the information in this guide:

• Brocade ICX 6650 Release Notes

• Brocade ICX 6650 Hardware Installation Guide New

• Brocade ICX 6650 Administration Guide

• Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Configuration Guide

• Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide

• Brocade ICX 6650 Security Configuration Guide

• Brocade ICX 6650 IP Multicast Configuration Guide

xiv

• Brocade ICX 6650 Diagnostic Reference

• Unified IP MIB Reference

• Ports-on-Demand Licensing for the Brocade ICX 6650

The latest versions of these guides are posted at http://www.brocade.com/ethernetproducts.

Additional information

This section lists additional Brocade and industry-specific documentation that you might find
helpful.

Brocade resources

To get up-to-the-minute information, go to http://my.brocade.com to register at no cost for a user ID
and password.

White papers, online demonstrations, and data sheets are available through the Brocade website
at:

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering

http://www.brocade.com/products-solutions/products/index.page

For additional Brocade documentation, visit the Brocade website:

http://www.brocade.com

Release notes are available on the MyBrocade website.

Other industry resources

For additional resource information, visit the Technical Committee T11 website. This website
provides interface standards for high-performance and mass storage applications for Fibre
Channel, storage management, and other applications:

http://www.t11.org

For information about the Fibre Channel industry, visit the Fibre Channel Industry Association
website:

http://www.fibrechannel.org

Getting technical help

To co n tact Technical Su p por t, g o to

http://www.brocade.com/services-support/index.page

for the latest e-mail and telephone contact information.

Brocade ICX 6650 Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide xv
53-1002603-01

Brocade ICX 6650 slot and port numbering

Document feedback

Quality is our first concern at Brocade and we have made every effort to ensure the accuracy and
completeness of this document. However, if you find an error or an omission, or you think that a
topic needs further development, we want to hear from you. Forward your feedback to:

[e-mail]

Provide the title and version number of the document and as much detail as possible about your
comment, including the topic heading and page number and your suggestions for improvement.

xvi

Chapter

IP Configuration

Tab le 1 lists the IP features Brocade ICX 6650 devices support. These features are supported with

the full Layer 3 software image, except where explicitly noted.

TABLE 1 Supported IP features

Feature Brocade ICX 6650

BootP/DHCP relay Yes

Specifying which IP address will be
included in a DHCP/BootP reply packet

DHCP Server Yes

DHCP Client-Based Auto-Configuration Yes

DHCP Client-Based Flash image
Auto-update

DHCP assist Yes

Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP) load sharing Yes

IP helper Yes

Single source address for the following
packet types:

• Tel net

• TFTP

• Syslog

• SNTP

• TACACS/TACACS+

• RADIUS

• SSH

• SNMP

IPv4 point-to-point GRE IP tunnels Yes

Routes in hardware maximum:
Up to 7168 routes

Routing for directly connected IP subnets Yes

Virtual Interfaces:
Up to 512 virtual interfaces

31-bit subnet mask on point-to-point
networks

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Yes

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
(RARP)

IP follow Yes

Proxy ARP Yes

1

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

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Basic IP configuration

NOTE

TABLE 1 Supported IP features (Continued)

Feature Brocade ICX 6650

Local proxy ARP Yes

Jumbo frames

• Up to 10,240 bytes

IP MTU (individual port setting) Yes

Path MTU discovery Yes

ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) Yes

Domain Name Server (DNS) resolver Yes

The terms Layer 3 Switch and router are used interchangeably in this chapter and mean the same.

Basic IP configuration

IP is enabled by default. Basic configuration consists of adding IP addresses for Layer 3 Switches,
enabling a route exchange protocol, such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).

Yes

If you are configuring a Layer 3 Switch, refer to “Configuring IP addresses” on page 19 to add IP
addresses, then enable and configure the route exchange protocols, as described in other chapters
of this guide.

If you are configuring a Layer 2 Switch, refer to “Configuring the management IP address and

specifying the default gateway” on page 88 to add an IP address for management access through

the network and to specify the default gateway.

The rest of this chapter describes IP and how to configure it in more detail. Use the information in
this chapter if you need to change some of the IP parameters from their default values or you want
to view configuration information or statistics.

IP configuration overview

Brocade Layer 2 Switches and Layer 3 Switches support Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and IPv6.
IP support on Brocade Layer 2 Switches consists of basic services to support management access
and access to a default gateway.

Full Layer 3 support

IP support on Brocade full Layer 3 Switches includes all of the following, in addition to a highly
configurable implementation of basic IP services including Address Resolution Protocol (ARP),
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP), and Reverse ARP (RARP):

• Route-only support (Global configuration level only)

• Route redistribution

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IP configuration overview

NOTE

• Route exchange protocols:

- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

- Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)

• Multicast protocols:

- Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)

- Protocol Independent Multicast Dense (PIM-DM)

- Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse (PIM-SM)

• Router redundancy protocols:

- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E)

- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

IP interfaces

This section describes IPv4 addresses. For information about IPv6 addresses on Brocade ICX 6650
devices, refer to “IPv6 addressing overview” section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Administration Guide.

Brocade Layer 3 Switches and Layer 2 Switches allow you to configure IP addresses. On Layer 3
Switches, IP addresses are associated with individual interfaces. On Layer 2 Switches, a single IP
address serves as the management access address for the entire device.

All Brocade Layer 3 Switches and Layer 2 Switches support configuration and display of IP
addresses in classical subnet format (for example: 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0) and Classless
Interdomain Routing (CIDR) format (for example: 192.168.1.1/24). You can use either format when
configuring IP address information. IP addresses are displayed in classical subnet format by default
but you can change the display format to CIDR. Refer to “Changing the network mask display to

prefix format” on page 113.

Layer 3 Switches

Brocade Layer 3 Switches allow you to configure IP addresses on the following types of interfaces:

• Ethernet ports

• Virtual routing interfaces (used by VLANs to route among one another)

• Loopback interfaces

Each IP address on a Layer 3 Switch must be in a different subnet. You can have only one interface
that is in a given subnet. For example, you can configure IP addresses 192.168.1.1/24 and

192.168.2.1/24 on the same Layer 3 Switch, but you cannot configure 192.168.1.1/24 and

192.168.1.2/24 on the same Layer 3 Switch.

You can configure multiple IP addresses on the same interface.

The number of IP addresses you can configure on an individual interface depends on the Layer 3
Switch model. To display the maximum number of IP addresses and other system parameters you
can configure on a Layer 3 Switch, refer to “Displaying and modifying system parameter default
settings” section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide.

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IP configuration overview

You can use any of the IP addresses you configure on the Layer 3 Switch for Telnet, or SNMP
access.

Layer 2 Switches

You can configure an IP address on a Brocade Layer 2 Switch for management access to the Layer
2 Switch. An IP address is required for Telnet access and SNMP access.

You also can specify the default gateway for forwarding traffic to other subnets.

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IP configuration overview

Incoming

Port

Outgoing

Port

Session

Table

N

Y

Fwding

Cache

N

Y

N

Y

Y

N

PBR

or
IP acc
policy

IP Route

Table

ARP

Cache

Load

Balancing

Algorithm

Mult.

Equal-

cost

Paths

Lowest
Admin.

Distance

Lowest

Metric

Static ARP

Table

RIP

OSPF

BGP4

IP packet flow through a Layer 3 Switch

Figure 1 shows how an IP packet moves through a Brocade Layer 3 Switch.

FIGURE 1 IP Packet flow through a Brocade Layer 3 Switch

Figure 1 shows the following packet flow:

1. When the Layer 3 Switch receives an IP packet, the Layer 3 Switch checks for filters on the
receiving interface.
discards the packet and performs no further processing, except generating a Syslog entry and
SNMP message, if logging is enabled for the filter.

2. If the packet is not denied at the incoming interface, the Layer 3 Switch looks in the session
table for an entry that has the same source IP address and TCP or UDP port as the packet. If
the session table contains a matching entry, the Layer 3 Switch immediately forwards the
packet, by addressing it to the destination IP address and TCP or UDP port listed in the session

1

If a deny filter on the interface denies the packet, the Layer 3 Switch

table entry and sending the packet to a queue on the outgoing ports listed in the session table.
The Layer 3 Switch selects the queue based on the Quality of Service (QoS) level associated
with the session table entry.

1. The filter can be an Access Control List (ACL) or an IP access policy.

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IP configuration overview

IP Address MAC Address Type Age Port
1 10.95.6.102 0000.00fc.ea21 Dynamic 0 1/1/6

3. If the session table does not contain an entry that matches the packet source address and TCP
or UDP port, the Layer 3 Switch looks in the IP forwarding cache for an entry that matches the
packet destination IP address. If the forwarding cache contains a matching entry, the Layer 3
Switch forwards the packet to the IP address in the entry. The Layer 3 Switch sends the packet
to a queue on the outgoing ports listed in the forwarding cache. The Layer 3 Switch selects the
queue based on the Quality of Service (QoS) level associated with the forwarding cache entry.

4. If the IP forwarding cache does not have an entry for the packet, the Layer 3 Switch checks the
IP route table for a route to the packet destination. If the IP route table has a route, the Layer 3
Switch makes an entry in the session table or the forwarding cache, and sends the route to a
queue on the outgoing ports:

• If the running-config contains an IP access policy for the packet, the software makes an

entry in the session table. The Layer 3 Switch uses the new session table entry to forward
subsequent packets from the same source to the same destination.

• If the running-config does not contain an IP access policy for the packet, the software

creates a new entry in the forwarding cache. The Layer 3 Switch uses the new cache entry
to forward subsequent packets to the same destination.

The following sections describe the IP tables and caches:

• ARP cache and static ARP table

• IP route table

• IP forwarding cache

• Layer 4 session table

The software enables you to display these tables. You also can change the capacity of the tables on
an individual basis if needed by changing the memory allocation for the table.

ARP cache and static ARP table

The ARP cache contains entries that map IP addresses to MAC addresses. Generally, the entries
are for devices that are directly attached to the Layer 3 Switch.

An exception is an ARP entry for an interface-based static IP route that goes to a destination that is
one or more router hops away. For this type of entry, the MAC address is either the destination
device MAC address or the MAC address of the router interface that answered an ARP request on
behalf of the device, using proxy ARP.

ARP cache

The ARP cache can contain dynamic (learned) entries and static (user-configured) entries. The
software places a dynamic entry in the ARP cache when the Layer 3 Switch learns a device MAC
address from an ARP request or ARP reply from the device.

The software can learn an entry when the Layer 2 Switch or Layer 3 Switch receives an ARP request
from another IP forwarding device or an ARP reply. Here is an example of a dynamic entry:

Each entry contains the destination device IP address and MAC address.

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IP configuration overview

NOTE

NOTE

Static ARP table

In addition to the ARP cache, Layer 3 Switches have a static ARP table. Entries in the static ARP
table are user-configured. You can add entries to the static ARP table regardless of whether or not
the device the entry is for is connected to the Layer 3 Switch.

Layer 3 Switches have a static ARP table. Layer 2 Switches do not.

The software places an entry from the static ARP table into the ARP cache when the entry interface
comes up.

Here is an example of a static ARP entry.

No. IP Address MAC Address Type Age Port Status
1 192.168.6.111 0000.003b.d210 Static 0 1/1/1 Valid

Each entry lists the information you specified when you created the entry.

Displaying ARP entries

To display ARP entries, refer to the following sections:

• “Displaying the ARP cache” on page 118 – Layer 3 Switch

• “Displaying the static ARP table” on page 120 – Layer 3 Switch only

• “Displaying ARP entries” on page 129 – Layer 2 Switch

To configure other ARP parameters, refer to the following sections:

• “ARP parameter configuration” on page 35 – Layer 3 Switch only

To increase the size of the ARP cache and static ARP table, refer to the following:

• For dynamic entries, refer to the section “Displaying and modifying system parameter default

settings” section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration
Guide. The ip-arp parameter controls the ARP cache size.

• Static entries, “Changing the maximum number of entries the static ARP table can hold” on

page 40 (Layer 3 Switches only). The ip-static-arp parameter controls the static ARP table size.

IP route table

The IP route table contains paths to IP destinations.

Layer 2 Switches do not have an IP route table. A Layer 2 Switch sends all packets addressed to
another subnet to the default gateway, which you specify when you configure the basic IP
information on the Layer 2 Switch.

The IP route table can receive the paths from the following sources:

• A directly-connected destination, which means there are no router hops to the destination

• A static IP route, which is a user-configured route

• A route learned through RIP

• A route learned through OSPF

• A route learned through BGP4

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IP configuration overview

Destination NetMask Gateway Port Cost Type

10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.1.2 1/1/1 2 R

The IP route table contains the best path to a destination:

• When the software receives paths from more than one of the sources listed above, the

software compares the administrative distance of each path and selects the path with the
lowest administrative distance. The administrative distance is a protocol-independent value
from 1 through 255.

• When the software receives two or more best paths from the same source and the paths have

the same metric (cost), the software can load share traffic among the paths based on
destination host or network address (based on the configuration and the Layer 3 Switch
model).

Here is an example of an entry in the IP route table.

Each IP route table entry contains the destination IP address and subnet mask and the IP address
of the next-hop router interface to the destination. Each entry also indicates the port attached to
the destination or the next-hop to the destination, the route IP metric (cost), and the type. The type
indicates how the IP route table received the route:

• To display the IP route table, refer to “Displaying the IP route table” on page 122 (Layer 3

Switch only).

• To configure a static IP route, refer to “Static routes configuration” on page 45 (Layer 3 Switch

only).

• To clear a route from the IP route table, refer to “Clearing IP routes” on page 124 (Layer 3

Switch only).

• To increase the size of the IP route table for learned and static routes, refer to the section

“Displaying and modifying system parameter default settings” section in the Brocade ICX 6650
Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide:

- For learned routes, modify the ip-route parameter.

- For static routes, modify the ip-static-route parameter.

IP forwarding cache

The IP forwarding cache provides a fast-path mechanism for forwarding IP packets. The cache
contains entries for IP destinations. When a Brocade Layer 3 Switch has completed processing and
addressing for a packet and is ready to forward the packet, the device checks the IP forwarding
cache for an entry to the packet destination:

• If the cache contains an entry with the destination IP address, the device uses the information

in the entry to forward the packet out the ports listed in the entry. The destination IP address is
the address of the packet final destination. The port numbers are the ports through which the
destination can be reached.

• If the cache does not contain an entry and the traffic does not qualify for an entry in the

session table instead, the software can create an entry in the forwarding cache.

Each entry in the IP forwarding cache has an age timer. If the entry remains unused for ten
minutes, the software removes the entry. The age timer is not configurable.

Here is an example of an entry in the IP forwarding cache.

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IP configuration overview

NOTE

IP Address Next Hop MAC Type Port Vlan Pri
1 192.168.1.11 DIRECT 0000.0000.0000 PU n/a 0

Each IP forwarding cache entry contains the IP address of the destination, and the IP address and
MAC address of the next-hop router interface to the destination. If the destination is actually an
interface configured on the Layer 3 Switch itself, as shown here, then next-hop information
indicates this. The port through which the destination is reached is also listed, as well as the VLAN
and Layer 4 QoS priority associated with the destination if applicable.

To display the IP forwarding cache, refer to “Displaying the forwarding cache” on page 121.

You cannot add static entries to the IP forwarding cache, although you can increase the number of
entries the cache can contain. Refer to the section “Displaying and modifying system parameter
default settings” section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration
Guide.

Layer 4 session table

The Layer 4 session provides a fast path for forwarding packets. A session is an entry that contains
complete Layer 3 and Layer 4 information for a flow of traffic. Layer 3 information includes the
source and destination IP addresses. Layer 4 information includes the source and destination TCP
and UDP ports. For comparison, the IP forwarding cache contains the Layer 3 destination address
but does not contain the other source and destination address information of a Layer 4 session
table entry.

The Layer 2 Switch or Layer 3 Switch selects the session table instead of the IP forwarding table for
fast-path forwarding for the following features:

• Layer 4 Quality-of-Service (QoS) policies

• IP access policies

To increase the size of the session table, refer to the section “Displaying and modifying system
parameter default settings” section in the Brocade ICX 6650 Platform and Layer 2 Switching
Configuration Guide. The ip-qos-session parameter controls the size of the session table.

IP route exchange protocols

Brocade Layer 3 Switches support the following IP route exchange protocols:

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

• Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)

All these protocols provide routes to the IP route table. You can use one or more of these protocols,
in any combination. The protocols are disabled by default. For configuration information, refer to
the following:

• Chapter 3, “RIP (IPv4)”

• Chapter 5, “OSPF version 2 (IPv4)”

• Chapter 7, “BGP (IPv4)”

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IP configuration overview

NOTE

IP multicast protocols

Brocade Layer 3 Switches also support the following Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
based IP multicast protocols:

• Protocol Independent Multicast – Dense mode (PIM-DM)

• Protocol Independent Multicast – Sparse mode (PIM-SM)

For configuration information, refer to the Brocade ICX 6650 IP Multicast Configuration Guide. .

Brocade Layer 2 Switches support IGMP and can forward IP multicast packets. For more information
see, Chapter 2, “IP Multicast Reduction” in the Brocade ICX 6650 IP Mulitcast Configuration Guide.

IP interface redundancy protocols

You can configure a Brocade Layer 3 Switch to back up an IP interface configured on another
Brocade Layer 3 Switch. If the link for the backed up interface becomes unavailable, the other
Layer 3 Switch can continue service for the interface. This feature is especially useful for providing
a backup to a network default gateway.

Brocade Layer 3 Switches support the following IP interface redundancy protocols:

• Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) – A standard router redundancy protocol based on

RFC 2338. You can use VRRP to configure Brocade Layer 3 Switches and third-party routers to
back up IP interfaces on other Brocade Layer 3 Switches or third-party routers.

• Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E) – A Brocade extension to standard

VRRP that adds additional features and overcomes limitations in standard VRRP. You can use
VRRP-E only on Brocade Layer 3 Switches.

For configuration information, refer to the Chapter 9, “VRRP and VRRP-E”.

ACLs and IP access policies

Brocade Layer 3 Switches provide two mechanisms for filtering IP traffic:

• Access Control Lists (ACLs)

• IP access policies

Both methods allow you to filter packets based on Layer 3 and Layer 4 source and destination
information.

ACLs also provide great flexibility by providing the input to various other filtering mechanisms such
as route maps, which are used by BGP4.

IP access policies allow you to configure QoS based on sessions (Layer 4 traffic flows).

Only one of these filtering mechanisms can be enabled on a Brocade device at a time. Brocade
devices can store forwarding information for both methods of filtering in the session table.

For configuration information, see the Chapter, “Rule-Based IP ACLs” in the Brocade ICX 6650
Security Configuration Guide.

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Basic IP parameters and defaults – Layer 3 Switches

NOTE

NOTE

Basic IP parameters and defaults – Layer 3 Switches

IP is enabled by default. The following IP-based protocols are all disabled by default:

• Routing protocols:

- Routing Information Protocol (RIP) – refer to Chapter 3, “RIP (IPv4)”

- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) – refer to Chapter 5, “OSPF version 2 (IPv4)”

- Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4) – refer to Chapter 7, “BGP (IPv4)”

• Multicast protocols:

- Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)

- Protocol Independent Multicast Dense (PIM-DM)

- Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse (PIM-SM)

For more information, see the Brocade ICX 6650 IP Mulitcast Configuration Guide.

• Router redundancy protocols:

- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E) – refer to Chapter 9, “VRRP and

VRRP-E”

- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) – refer to Chapter 9, “VRRP and VRRP-E”

The following tables list the Layer 3 Switch IP parameters, their default values, and where to find
configuration information.

For information about parameters in other protocols based on IP, such as RIP, OSPF, and so on, refer
to the configuration chapters for those protocols.

When parameter changes take effect

Most IP parameters described in this chapter are dynamic. They take effect immediately, as soon
as you enter the CLI command. You can verify that a dynamic change has taken effect by displaying
the running-config. To display the running-config, enter the show running-config or write terminal
command at any CLI prompt.

To save a configuration change permanently so that the change remains in effect following a
system reset or software reload, save the change to the startup-config file:

• To save configuration changes to the startup-config file, enter the write memory command

from the Privileged EXEC level of any configuration level of the CLI.

Changes to memory allocation require you to reload the software after you save the changes to the
startup-config file. When reloading the software is required to complete a configuration change
described in this chapter, the procedure that describes the configuration change includes a step
for reloading the software.

IP global parameters – Layer 3 Switches

Tab le 2 lists the IP global parameters for Layer 3 Switches.

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Basic IP parameters and defaults – Layer 3 Switches

TABLE 2 IP global parameters – Layer 3 Switches

Parameter Description Default For more

information

IP state The Internet Protocol, version 4 Enabled

NOTE: You can not

IP address and
mask notation

Format for displaying an IP address and its network
mask information. You can enable one of the
following:

Class-based

NOTE: Changing this

• Class-based format; example: 192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

• Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR) format;

example: 192.168.1.1/24

Router ID The value that routers use to identify themselves to

other routers when exchanging route information.
OSPF and BGP4 use router IDs to identify routers.
RIP does not use the router ID.

Maximum
Transmission
Unit (MTU)

Address
Resolution
Protocol (ARP)

ARP rate
limiting

ARP age The amount of time the device keeps a MAC address

Proxy ARP An IP mechanism a router can use to answer an ARP

The maximum length an Ethernet packet can be
without being fragmented.

A standard IP mechanism that routers use to learn
the Media Access Control (MAC) address of a device
on the network. The router sends the IP address of a
device in the ARP request and receives the device
MAC address in an ARP reply.

Lets you specify a maximum number of ARP packets
the device will accept each second. If the device
receives more ARP packets than you specify, the
device drops additional ARP packets for the
remainder of the one-second interval.

learned through ARP in the device ARP cache. The
device resets the timer to zero each time the ARP
entry is refreshed and removes the entry if the timer
reaches the ARP age.

NOTE: You also can change the ARP age on an

individual interface basis. Refer to Tabl e 3
on page 15.

request on behalf of a host, by replying with the
router own MAC address instead of the host.

The IP address
configured on the
lowest-numbered
loopback interface.

If no loopback interface
is configured, then the
lowest-numbered IP
address configured on
the device.

1500 bytes for Ethernet
II encapsulation

1492 bytes for SNAP
encapsulation

Enabled page 35

Disabled page 36

Ten min u tes page 37

Disabled page 38

n/a

disable IP.

page 113

parameter
affects the
display of IP
addresses, but
you can enter
addresses in
either format
regardless of the
display setting.

page 31

page 28

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