Bresser AR-90, AR-127S, AR-102, AR-152S, AR-127L Operating Instructions Manual

Operating Instructions

AR-90 · AR-102 · AR-127S/L · AR-152S/L· NT-130 · NT-150S/L · NT-203

2

General InformatIons / telescope features

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Fig. 1a: The Messier series telescope including a viewfinder. Optical Assembly (Newtonian model shown).

AR = Achromatic Refractor - NT = Newton - Reflectortelescope

Technical Data Page 23!

Fig. 1c: The Exos2 Tripod

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Fig. 1c: The Exos1 Tripod

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Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

General InformatIons / telescope features

3

Fig. 1d, top: The Messier series mount EXOS2 Fig. 1d, left: The Messier series mount EXOS1

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Explanations of the points See page 5 ff

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WARNING!

Never use a Messier-Series Telescope to look at the Sun! Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye. Eye damage is often painless, so there is no warning to the observer that damage has occurred until it is too late. Do not point the telescope or its viewfinder at or near the Sun. Do not look through the telescope or its viewfinder as it is moving. Children should always have adult supervision while observing.

Index

4

IMPORTANT NOTE:

• All Bresser telescopes and accessories are under constant technical advancement. Slight changes of the product specifications,

which serve the improvement of the product, are reserved for this reason.

• No part of this manual may be reproduced, sent, transferred or be translated into another language in any form without written permission of the Bresser GmbH. Errors and technical changes excepted.

• Please keep this guidance at hand for further looking up.

Chapter Page

Messier series: Your personal

window to the universe ........................................................ 5

Description of the features

....................................................... 5

Assembling (Exos 1)

Telescope Assembly ........................................................... 8

How to Assemble Your Telescope ..................................... 8

Assembling (Exos 2)

Telescope Assembly ......................................................... 11

How to Assemble Your Telescope .................................... 11

First Steps

Balancing the Telescope .................................................. 13

Aligning the Viewfinder ..................................................... 14

Choosing an Eyepiece ....................................................... 16

Observation ......................................................................... 17

Observing by Moving the Telescope Manually ................. 17

Observe the Moon ............................................................ 17

Setting the Polar Home Position ....................................... 18

Maintenance ........................................................................ 19

Maintenance guidelines ....................................................... 19

Alignment (Collimation)

of the Newtonian Optical System ..................................... 20

Chapter Page

Inspecting the Optics ........................................................... 21

Customer Service ................................................................ 22

Technical Data AR-102, AR-127 S/L und AR-152 S/L ......... 23

Technical Data NT-150 S/L, NT-203, AR-90 und NT-130 ... 22

Appendix A: Celestial coordinates ....................................... 25

Locating the Celestial Pole .................................................. 26

Setting Circles ..................................................................... 26

To use the setting circles to locate an object

not easily found by direct visual observation .................... 26

Appendix B: Latitude Chart ................................................. 28

Appendix C: Polar Alignment .............................................. 30

Adjusting the polar viewfinder ............................................. 30

Polar alignment

by using the polar viewfinder Exos 2 only) ........................ 30

Appendix D: Basic astronomy ............................................. 32

Appendix E: Star maps ....................................................... 37

telescope features

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

5

Messier series: Your personal window to the universe

The Messier series models are versatile, high-resolution telescopes. The Messier series models offer unmatched mechanical performance. The Messier series telescopes reveal nature in an ever-expanding level of detail. Observe the feather structure of an eagle from 150 yards or study the rings of the planet Saturn from a distance of 800 million miles. Focus beyond the Solar System and observe majestic nebulae, ancient star clusters, and remote galaxies. Messier series telescopes are instruments fully capable of growing with your interest and can meet the requirements of the most demanding advanced observer. Refer to Figures 1a through 1d for the following features:

Description of the features (Fig. 1a to 1d)

1 Eyepiece Thumbscrews: Tightens the eyepiece (see 3) in place.

Tighten to a firm feel only.

2 Eyepiece Holder: Holds eyepiece in place. Holders supplied for both

1.25“ and 2“ eyepieces (2“only for EXOS2 AR-models) Diagonal

Prism (not shown, achromatic refractor models only): Provides a more comfortable right-angle viewing position. Slide the diagonal prism directly into the eyepiece holder (see 2) and tighten the thumbscrew on the eyepiece holder to a firm feel only. See page 10 for a photo and more information.

3 Eyepiece: Place the supplied eyepiece into the eyepiece holder or

the diagonal prism and tighten in place with the eyepiece thumbscrew (see 2). The eyepiece magnifies the image collected in the optical tube.

4 8 x 50mm Viewfinder: (6x30 only for smaller models) A low-power,

wide-field sighting scope with reticle that enables easy centering of objects in the telescope eyepiece.

5 Viewfinder Collimation Screws: Use these screws to adjust the

alignment of the viewfinder.

6 Viewfinder Front Cell and Locking Ring: Adjust the front cell to focus

the viewfinder. See step 3, page 10 for more details. The viewfinder is supplied with a small dust cover placed over the front cell.

7 Viewfinder Bracket: Holds the viewfinder in place.

8 Focus Knobs: Moves the telescope’s focuser drawtube in a finely-

controlled motion to achieve precise image focus. The Messier series telescopes can be focused on objects from a distance of about 500 ft. to infinity. Rotate the focus knobs to focus on objects.

9 Dust Cover: Place the dust cover (not visible in photo) over the optical

tube when storing the telescope.

NOTE:

The dust cover should be replaced after each observing session. Allow time for any dew that might have collected during the observing session to evaporate prior to replacing the dust cover.

10 Optical Tube: The main optical component that gathers the light from

distant objects and brings this light to a focus for examination through

the eyepiece. 11 Cradle Assembly: Attaches to mount base. See 9. 13 Cradle Ring Lock Knobs (2 pcs.) and Washers 14 Cradle Rings: Part of the cradle assembly (see 11); hold the optical

tube firmly in place. 15 Viewfinder Bracket Screws: Tighten to a firm feel to hold viewfinder

securely in place (see 4). See page 10 for more information. 16 Focus Lock Knob: Designed to prevent the focuser drawtube from

moving when a heavy accessory, such as a camera, is attached to

B

Which eyepiece is suitable for

which application? See p. 16

“choosing an eyepiece”

H

How do I mount the viewfin-

der? See p. 10, 9/9a

E

How do I adjust the finder-

scope? See p. 14

1!

Want to learn more about

mounting the telescope? See p. 8-10 (Exos1) / p. 11-12 (Exos2)

telescope features

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

6

the focuser assembly. For normal observing with an eyepiece and diagonal prism, it is not necessary to use the lock knob.

17 Dec. Lock: Controls the manual movement of the telescope. Turning the

Dec. lock counterclockwise unlocks the telescope enabling it to be freely

rotated by hand about the Dec. axis. Turning the Dec. lock clockwise (to

a firm feel only) tightens the lock and prevents the telescope from being

moved free, but engages the manual Dec. drive shaft. 18 Polar Viewfinder Cap (for EXOS2 models only): Remove this cap when

using the polar viewfinder (see 29). 19 Declination (Dec.) Setting Circle: See APPENDIX A, page 25, for more

information. 20 Counterweight Shaft Base: Thread, along with the shaft, to the mount.

See page 9 (Exos1) or 12 (Exos2) for more information. 21 Counterweight and Counterweight Lock Knob: Counterbalances the

weight of the optical tube, and adds stability to the mount. Tighten the

lock knob on the side of the counterweight to a firm feel to prevent the

weight from sliding on the shaft. 22 Counterweight Shaft: Slide the counterweight onto this shaft (see 21). 23 Counterweight Safety Cap: Prevents the counterweight from

accidentally slipping off the end of the counterweight shaft. 24 R.A. manual Drive Assembly: 26 Latitude Adjustment:

Sets the latitude of your observing location. The

two handle screws work in a „push - pull“ operation—as you tighten one,

loosen the other. The T-handle above the azimuth control knobs (see 27)

is the North T-handle screw (South in the Southern Hemisphere). This

side of the mount must be pointed North (South in the Southern hemi

-

sphere) during the polar alignment procedure.

27 Fine Azimuth Control Knobs: Fine tune the side-to-side movement of

the telescope when centering Polaris in the telescope eyepiece or when

using the polar alignment viewfinder. 28 Latitude Dial: Set the latitude of the observing site on this dial using the

latitude T-handle screws. For more information see Step 6, page 9. 29 Polar Alignment Viewfinder (EXOS 2 only): Allows you to precisely polar

align the telescope. 30 Polar Alignment Viewfinder Reticle and LED Knob (EXOS 2 only):

Rotate the knob to switch on or off the LED that illuminates the reticle

within the polar alignment finder. Be sure to turn off the LED when

finished with the polar viewfinder. Powered by (factory-supplied)

batteries contained within. Polar viewfinder LED illumination is available

seperately. 31 Right Ascension (R.A.) Setting Circle: See APPENDIX A, page 25. 32 R.A. Setting Circle Lock Knob: Rotate the knob to lock the R.A. Setting

Circle in place. 33 R.A. Lock: Controls the manual movement of the telescope. Turning the

R.A. lock counterclockwise unlocks the telescope enabling it to be freely

rotated by hand about the R.A. axis. Turning the R.A. lock clockwise (to

a firm feel only) tightens the lock and prevents the telescope from being

moved free, but engages the R.A. manual shaft. 34 DEC-manual drive assembly 35 Tripod Leg Adjustment Knobs: Tighten to a firm feel to secure tripod

legs. 36 Variable Height Tripod Legs: Supports the telescope mount. The mount

attaches to the top of the tripod. 37 Accessory tray: Set extra eyepieces and other accessory on this

convenient tray. 38

Tripod Leg Braces: Make the tripod more secure and stable. See Fig. 3.

1&

Important:

Before loosening the DEC lock,

hold the optical tube in place; otherwise it might swing through and cause damage to the mount or even hurt the operator.

2&

Want to learn more about

adjusting the latitude scale? See p. 15, step 6.

DEFINITION:

In this manual, you will find the

terms “right aszension (RA),

Declination (DEC), Elevation

and Azimut”. These terms are

explained on p. 25

2(

Want to learn more about the

polar finder? See p. 30.

telescope features

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

7

Messier Tips

Surf the Web One of the most exciting resources for astronomy is the internet. The internet

is full of websites with new images, discoveries, and the latest astronomical

information.For example, when comet Hale-Bopp made its approach to our

Sun in 1998,astronomers around the world posted new photos daily. You can find websites for almost any topic relating to astronomy on the inter-

net. Try the following key word searches: NASA, Hubble, HST, astronomy,

Messier, satellite, nebula, black hole, variable stars, etc.

Check out Bresser’s website for the latest product and technical information. You’ll find our website at: http://www.bresser.de/

Here are some other sites you might find interesting:

• Sky & Telescope: http://www.Skyand Telescope.com

• Astronomy: http://www.astronomy.com

• The Starfield: http://users.nac.net/gburke/

• Astronomy Picture of the Day: http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.goc/apod

• „Heaven´s Above“ www.heavens-above.com/

www.spacetelescope.org

• European Southern Observatory www.eso.org

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

8

Assembling (Exos1)

Telescope Assembly

As you unpack your telescope, carefully note the following parts. The assembly is shipped in separate boxes.

• Equatorial mount with polar alignment finder

• Heavy duty, adjustable steel tube tripod with leg braces, three tripod leg

lock knobs, and a captive mount locking knob

• Complete optical tube assembly including primary mirror with dust cover and a rack-and-pinion focuser and eyepiece holders for both 1.25“ and 2“

eyepiece holders, tube cradle assembly with two rings and two lock knobs

• Eyepiece

• Counterweight and counterweight shaft. Some models include an

additional counterweight.

• 8 x 50mm or 6 x 30mm viewfinder

How to Assemble Your Telescope

The giftboxes contain the optical tube assembly and the tripod with the equatorial mount. The accessories are located within compartments customcut into the styrofoam block inserts.

instructions on telescope assembly. The packaging contains the main tube and tripod components, the tripod with mounting and accessories.

1. Remove the components from the packaging and familiarise yourself

with them. Please refer to illustrations 1a to 1d for details of telescope assembly. When removing the tripod from its packaging keep it parallel to the floor as the inner legs may otherwise slide out as they are not yet screwed tight.

2. Assembly - tripod: The tripod legs are preassembled and already con-

nected to the tripod head and accessory tray. Remove the tripod from the packaging and place it in front of you, with the tripod legs on the

floor. Grab two legs and pull them apart until fully spread out. The tripod

weight rests only on one leg. Now level the tripod and adjust third leg if necessary. Pull out the bottom part of the leg to the desired length (Fig. 2b) and lock with the locking knob (3 pieces total) to a firm feel. Be careful not to over tighten the screws! These screws lock the inner leg segments to the desired tripod height.

3. Assembly - mounting accessory tray: The accessory tray (Fig.: 2a) Is

placed on the tripod spider with the flat side facing down, then locked in place turning the tray approximately 60° clockwise. The three gudgeons of the tray should be centered on the spider vanes and lock in place.

Fig. 2a: The tripod

Fig. 2b: tripod leg locks

Fig. 2c: Tripod head

Fig. 2d: central mount locking screw

assemblInG exos1

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

9

5. Fastening the counterweight on the counterweight rod: insert the base of the counterweight rod (20, illustration 1d) on the threaded end of the rod and screw it on the counterweight rod (22, illustration 1). Then screw both in the thread on the base of the declination axis and counter screw rod to base. If you look through the large drill hole in the counterweight you will see the bolt blocking the hole. Move the counterweight slightly

to make it disappear in its drill hole and reveal the hole. If it doesn‘t,

carefully loosen the counterweight screw until the bolt moves. Remove

the safety cover (23, illustration 1d) from the rod. Hold the counterweight

firmly whilst moving it to about the middle of the counterweight rod (22, illustration 1d). Tighten the counterweight fastening screw and then replace the safety cover.

NOTE:

If the counterweight ever slips, the safety cap (23, Fig. 1d) prevents the counterweight from sliding entirely off the shaft. Always leave the safety cap in place when the counterweight is on the shaft.

6. Set the latitude. Setting the latitude is easier if it is set before you attach

the optical tube to the assembly. Locate the latitude dial (28, Fig. 1d); note that there is a triangular pointer above the dial located on the mount. The pointer is not fixed; it moves as the mount moves.

Determine the latitude of your observing location. See APPENDIX B: LATITUDE CHART, page 28-29, for a list of latitudes, or check an atlas.

Move the latitude T-handle screws in order to move the mount until the pointer points to your latitude. The two T-handle screws (EXOS 2 only)

work in a „push - pull“ operation—as you tighten one, loosen the other.

When the pointer points at your latitude, tighten both screws until they make contact with the mount. At your observing site, set up the telescope assembly so that this leg

approximately faces North (or South in the Southern Hemisphere).

7. Attach the cradle assembly to the mount

–

Models R and N: Remove the optical tube from the cradle and slide the cradle assembly (11, Fig. 1a) onto the cradle mounting slot. See Fig. 2g. The rounded base of the cradle assembly fits into the rounded portion of the mounting slot. Tighten both the cradle locking knob and the secondary locking knob to a firm feel.

8. Position optical tube –

Models AR and NT:

Unscrew the cradle ring lock knobs (13, Fig. 1a) and open the cradle rings. While firmly holding the optical tube (10, Fig. 1a), position it onto the cradle rings (14, Fig. 1a)

with the mid-point of the optical tube’s length lying roughly in the center

of the cradle ring assembly. Point the tube so that the front end (this end comes shipped with the dust cover (9, Fig. 1a) over it) is oriented as depicted in Fig. 1a. Then close the cradle rings (14, Fig. 1a) over the optical tube. Loosely tighten the cradle ring lock knobs just to hold the

tube securely in place until you balance it. See Balancing the telescope,

page 13.

Fig. 2h: Place the optical tube in rings and loosely tighten the cradle ring lock knobs.

Fig. 2g: Attach cradle to base mounting and tighten locking (EXOS1)

Fig. 2f: Mounting the cradle (dovetail) plate to the mount shaft (EXOS1)

n

assemblInG exos1

Fig. 2e:

installing the mounting on

the Exos1 tripod.

Cradle

mounting

slot

A

B

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

10

9.

Attach viewfinder bracket

(Abb. 9b). Locate the viewfinder bracket screws (15, Fig. 1b and Fig. 9a) and remove the nuts from the screws. Slide the holes in the viewfinder bracket over the viewfinder bracket screws. Replace the nuts and tighten to a firm feel only.

9a. Attach viewfinder tube:. Back off the viewfinder collimation screws (5,

Fig. 1b) and slide the viewfinder tube into the bracket. Orient the viewfinder eyepiece as depicted in Fig. 1b. Tighten the collimation screws to a firm feel. See Aligning the viewfinder, page 14.

10. Insert the eyepiece: NT models (Fig. 10a): Lift to remove the dust cap from the eyepiece holder on the focuser assembly. Set the dust cap aside in a safe place and replace it when you have finished observing

to protect the eyepiece assembly. Back off the eyepiece thumbscrews

(1, Fig. 1a) and insert the supplied 25mm eyepiece (3, Fig. 1a) into the the eyepiece holder. Tighten the holder thumbscrews to a firm feel to secure the eyepiece. AR models (Abb. 10b): Lift to remove the dust cap from the eyepiece holder on the focuser assembly. Set the dust cap aside in a safe place and replace it when you have finished observing

to protect the eyepiece assembly. Back off the eyepiece thumbscrews

(1, Fig. 1b) and slide the diagonal prism into the holder and tighten the thumbscrews to a firm feel only. Insert the supplied 25mm eyepiece (3,

Fig. 1b) into the the diagonal prism. Tighten the prism‘s thumbscrews to

a firm feel to secure the eyepiece.

11. Adjust the height of the tripod: Adjust the height of the tripod by loosening the tripod lock knobs (Fig. 11). Extend the sliding inner section of each tripod leg to the desired length; then tighten each knob. Adjust the tripod to a height that is comfortable for viewing.

13. Remove Plastic from Reticle LED

*: The polar alignment reticle LED

(30, Fig. 1d) contains two watch batteries. The reticle‘s LED is shipped

with a plastic strip between the two batteries to protect battery life. Unthread both the thumbscrew (F) and the threaded lid (E). Remove the plastic strip before using. Refer to the reticle assembly in Fig. 13b and note the orientation of the batteries. Place the batteries (C) into the battery holder (D) before inserting into the reticle container (A).

NOTE:

The 2” focusers of the Messier Series from AR-102 or NT-130 on have a

built in extension tube. Depending on the accessories used, or when using a camera, it might not be possible to reach the focus. Focus travel to the inside might not be sufficient in the standard configuration. To reach focus, unscrew the eyepiece holder, then the following 25mm extension tube. Screw the eyepiece holder back in place.

Fig. 10b: Insert eyepiece into diagonal prism and tighten thumbscrews.

Eyepiece

Holder

Thumbscrews

Diagonal prism

Viewfinder

AR

Fig. 10a: Insert eyepiece intor holder and tighten thumbscrews.

Eyepiece

Holder

Thumbscrew

NT

Viewfinder

Fig. 11: Adjust the tripod height using the leg lock knobs.

Leg lock knob

Fig. 9b: The finder scope assembly has a dovetail bracket, that fits the holder that is mounted on the optical tube.

assemblInG exos1

* Optional accessory for Exos 2

Assembling (Exos2)

Telescope Assembly

As you unpack your telescope, carefully note the following parts. The assembly is shipped in separate boxes.

• Equatorial mount with polar alignment finder

• Heavy duty, adjustable steel tube tripod with leg braces, three tripod leg

lock knobs, and a captive mount locking knob

• Complete optical tube assembly including primary mirror with dust cover and a rack-and-pinion focuser and eyepiece holders for both 1.25“ and 2“

eyepiece holders, tube cradle assembly with two rings and two lock knobs

• Eyepiece

• Counterweight and counterweight shaft. Some models include an additional

counterweight.

• 8 x 50mm or 6 x 30mm viewfinder

How to Assemble Your Telescope

The giftboxes contain the optical tube assembly and the tripod with the equatorial mount. The accessories are located within compartments custom-cut into the styrofoam block inserts.

instructions on telescope assembly. The packaging contains the main tube and tripod components, the tripod with mounting and accessories.

1. Remove the components from the packaging and familiarise yourself

with them. Please refer to illustrations 1a to 1d for details of telescope assembly. When removing the tripod from its packaging keep it parallel to the floor as the inner legs may otherwise slide out as they are not yet screwed tight.

2. Locking the tripod legs. Spread the legs until the spider vanes of the

accessory plate are tautened (illustration. 3).

3. Fastening the spacing plate in place. To fasten the central screw (illustra-

tion 4, A) on the tripod first screw the tensioning screw (illustration 4, B)

on. This can be screwed right down as it serves to clamp the spacing plate against the tripod legs. You can now insert the plate (illustration 4, C) from above on the central screw. Make sure the plate bars (illustra-

tion 4, D) show downwards. Caution. It‘s important the following step is

applied to prevent thread damage. To prevent the threaded rod (illustration 4, E) being screwed into the mount too far use the gapping washer (illustration 4, F) supplied. Insert it from above on the threaded rod so that the wider chamfered side shows downwards. The spacing ring must

be on the threaded rod „step“. Now push the threaded rod from below

through the tripod base and slide the c-clip (illustration 4a, A) on the

recess (illustration 4a, B) in the threaded rod

4b. Fastening the mount on the tripod top. Place the mounting on the tri-

pod top. Make sure the projection on the tripod is between the azimuth adjustment screws (illustration 5). To do so first loosen the azimuth screws sufficiently to allow space for the projection. Place the mounting on the tripod top in such a way that the projecting cylinder on the base fits into the hole in the tripod base centre and fasten it in place using the central screw. Tighten the screw hand tight.

5. Fastening the counterweight on the counterweight rod: insert the base of

the counterweight rod (20, illustration 1d) on the threaded end of the rod and screw it on the counterweight rod (22, illustration 1). Then screw both in the thread on the base of the declination axis and counter screw rod to base. If you look through the large drill hole in the counterweight you will see the bolt blocking the hole. Move the counterweight slightly to make

Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye!

11

assemblInG exos2

Fig. 3: The tripod

Fig. 5: installing the mounting on the tripod.

Fig. 4: Fastening the spacing plate and distance washer in place.

E

F

E

C

B

A

D

Fig. 4a: Threaded rod fastening using the C-clip

A

B

Gudgeon

Azimuth fine adjustment

it disappear in its drill hole and reveal the hole. If it doesn‘t, carefully

loosen the counterweight screw until the bolt moves. Remove the safety

cover (23, illustration 1d) from the rod. Hold the counterweight firmly

whilst moving it to about the middle of the counterweight rod (22, illustration 1d). Tighten the counterweight fastening screw and then replace the safety cover.

NOTE:

If the counterweight ever slips, the safety cap (23, Fig. 1d) prevents the counterweight from sliding entirely off the shaft. Always leave the safety cap in place when the counterweight is on the shaft.

6. Set the latitude. Setting the latitude is easier if it is set before you attach the optical tube to the assembly. Locate the latitude dial (28, Fig. 1d); note that there is a triangular pointer above the dial located on the mount. The pointer is not fixed; it moves as the mount moves.

Determine the latitude of your observing location. See APPENDIX B: LATITUDE CHART, page 28-29, for a list of latitudes, or check an atlas. Move

the latitude T-handle screws in order to move the mount until the pointer points to your latitude. The two T-handle screws (EXOS 2 only) work in a

„push - pull“ operation—as you tighten one, loosen the other. When the point

er points at your latitude, tighten both screws until they make contact with the mount. The EXOS 1 has on screw with similar operation. At your observing site, set up the telescope assembly so that this leg approxi-

mately faces North (or South in the Southern Hemisphere).

7. Attach the cradle assembly to the mount – Models R and N: Remove the opti

cal tube from the cradle and slide the cradle assembly (11, Fig. 1a) onto the cradle mounting slot. See Fig. 7. The rounded base of the cradle assembly fits into the rounded portion of the mounting slot. Tighten both the cradle locking knob and the secondary locking knob to a firm feel.

8. Position optical tube – Models AR and NT: Unscrew the cradle ring lock knobs (13, Fig. 1a) and open the cradle rings. While firmly holding the optical tube (10, Fig. 1a), position it onto the cradle rings (14, Fig. 1a) with the mid-

point of the optical tube’s length lying roughly in the center of the cradle ring

assembly. Point the tube so that the front end (this end comes shipped with the dust cover (9, Fig. 1a) over it) is oriented as depicted in Fig. 1a. Then close the cradle rings (14, Fig. 1a) over the optical tube. Loosely tighten the cradle ring lock knobs just to hold the tube securely in place until you bal

-

ance it. See Balancing the telescope, page 13.