Bradford-White 500-1825 User Manual
Internet Version for Reference Only
Installation and Operation Instructions Document 2144
C O R P O R A T I O N
B WRADFORD HITE
®
Installation and Operation
Instructions for
Copper Brute
Volume Water Heaters
Model B4
Sizes 500-1825
These instructions are to be stored in the pocket provided on the heater.
FOR YOUR SAFETY: This product must be installed and serviced by a professional service technician,
qualied in hot water heater installation and maintenance. Improper installation and/or operation could
create carbon monoxide gas in ue gases which could cause serious injury, property damage, or death.
Improper installation and/or operation will void the warranty.
WARNING
If the information in this manual is not followed exactly, a re or explosion may result
causing property damage, personal injury or loss of life.
Do not store or use gasoline or other ammable vapors and liquids in the vicinity of this or
any other appliance.
WHAT TO DO IF YOU SMELL GAS
• Do not try to light any appliance.
• Do not touch any electrical switch; do not use any phone in your building.
• Immediately call your gas supplier from a nearby phone. Follow the gas supplier's
instructions.
• If you cannot reach your gas supplier, call the re department.
Installation and service must be performed by a qualied installer, service agency, or gas
supplier.
H2317100-
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B4 Volume Water Heater
Page 3
BRADFORD WHITE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1.
General Information
1.1 Introduction.................................................... 3
1.2 Heater Identication.......................................3
1.3 Flow Requirements........................................3
1.4 Water Chemistry............................................ 4
SECTION 2.
Installation
2.1 Heater Placement ......................................... 4
2.2 Installation of Indoor Heaters.........................4
2.2.1 Combustion Air Supply ..................................4
2.2.2 Venting........................................................... 6
2.3 Installation of Outdoor Heaters...................... 7
2.4 Gas Supply and Piping..................................7
2.5 Electrical Wiring............................................. 8
2.6 Water Piping of System.................................8
2.7 Water Expansion ........................................... 9
2.8 Pump Performance and Installation ..............9
2.9 Water Pressure............................................10
2.10 Tank Installation........................................... 10
2.11 Two-Temperature System............................ 11
SECTION 3.
Operation
3.1 Controls - General ....................................... 14
3.1.1 Electronic Ignition Control............................14
3.1.2 Operating Control ........................................ 14
3.1.3 High Limit Controls ...................................... 14
3.1.4 Flow Switch .................................................14
3.1.5 Low Water Cut-Off (Optional) ......................14
3.2 Initial Start-Up.............................................. 14
3.3 To Start Up System......................................15
3.3.1 Start Up Heater............................................15
3.3.2 To Set Temperature and High Limit
Control....................................................15
3.4 To Turn Off Heater ....................................... 16
3.5 To Shut Down System ................................. 16
SECTION 4.
Maintenance
.....................................................................16
SECTION 5.
Troubleshooting and Analysis of
Service Problems
.....................................................................17
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B4 Volume Water Heater
Page 3
SECTION 1.
General Information
1.1 Introduction
This manual provides information for the
installation and operation of Bradford White volume
water heaters. It is strongly recommended that all
application and installation procedures be reviewed
completely before proceeding with the installation.
Consult the Bradford White factory, or local factory
representative, with any problems or questions
regarding this equipment. Experience has shown that
most problems are caused by improper installation.
Some accessory items are shipped in separate
packages. Verify receipt of all packages listed on the
package slip. Inspect everything for possible damage
upon delivery, and inform the carrier of any shortages
or impairments. Any such claims should be led with
the carrier. The carrier, not the shipper, is responsible
for shortages and damage to the shipment whether
visible or concealed.
WARNING
All volume water heaters must be installed in
accordance with the procedures outlined in
this manual. The warranty does not apply to
heaters not installed or operated in accordance
with these procedures. Consult local building
and safety codes before proceeding with
work. The installation must conform to the
requirements of the authority having jurisdiction
or, in the absence of such requirements, to
the latest edition of the National Fuel Gas
Code; ANSI Z223.1, National Electrical Code
ANSI/NFPA 70 and/or in Canada CSA B149.1
requirement.
When required by the authority having
jurisdiction, the installation must conform to
the Standard for Controls and Safety Devices
for Automatically Fired Boilers, ANSI/ASME
CSD-1. Any modication to the water heater,
its gas controls, gas orices, wiring or
draft diverter may void the warranty. If eld
conditions require such modications, consult
factory.
1.2 Heater Identication
Consult rating plate on the heater. The following
example simplies the heater identication.
1 2 3 4 5 6
B4 1670 I N 09 C
1. Basic heater model.
2. Input rate X 1000 BTU/hr.
3. Indoor (I) or Outdoor (E) installation.
4. Gas type: Natural (N) or Propane (P).
5. Ignition system: I.I.D. (09) or continuous pilot
(16).
6. Firing rate: On/Off (C), 2-stage (K), 4-stage (L).
Bradford White commercial water heaters are
available in two models: an indoor version and an
outdoor version. Both are available from the factory
(see Figure 1).
1.3 Flow Requirements
For proper operation, all low volume hot water
heaters must have continuous ow through the heat
exchanger when ring. The system pump must be
capable of developing sufcient pressure to overcome
the resistance of the heater plus the entire circulating
system at the designed ow rate.
12
(311)
A
Pump
Front
Gas
Conn.
Top
58
V
(1473)
10
(260)
B
17
(432)
295/
8
(752)
Out In
17
(197)
28
(718)
Side
C
Rear
29
(737)
Pump
30
19
Gas
(483)
Inlet
12
(305)
Figure 1. Heater Conguration.
A
Front
(781)
7
(197)
Out In
41
(1060)
Side
14
(356)
4
(102)
61
(1549)
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B4 Volume Water Heater
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BRADFORD WHITE
1.4 Water Chemistry
Bradford White equipment is designed for use in
a wide variety of water conditions. The water velocity
maintained in the heat exchanger tubes is kept high
enough to prevent scaling from hard water and low
enough to avoid corrosion from soft water. Ninety-ve
percent of the urban areas in the country have water
that is compatible with this equipment, but in some
areas a water supply will contain a large quantity of
scaling chemicals or the water may be extremely soft
and corrosive. In rare situations the water will contain
both scaling chemicals and corrosive chemicals such
as calcium or sodium chloride. These conditions may
be the result of a nearby well or pumping station and
the particular condition may not be characteristic of
the entire city water system.
If an installer observes damage from these
conditions to any water handling equipment in the
area, a factory representative should be contacted
immediately for assistance in minimizing maintenance
costs. If erosion is present, the pump impeller can be
replaced to reduce water velocity. If scaling conditions
are bad, tube cleaning maintenance schedules can be
established to prevent tube burn-out and cracking.
Neglecting the problem could mean serious damage to
the heater and water system.
Scaling can be recognized as a layer deposited
on the inner walls of the tube which reduces the inner
diameter of the tube. Scale can be any color or texture;
smooth or rough, granular or amorphous. Signs of
erosion are generally pitting, cavitation, ridges and
“islands” on the inner walls of the tubes. Since this
condition results from extremely soft water sources,
or as a result of a water softening program, the
internal copper surfaces will be extremely shiny. Other
chemicals, such as chlorine or chlorides in the water,
will cause dark surfaces of erosion.
In areas where the water supply is extremely
corrosive, it is advisable to order the heater with
cupro-nickel tubes in the exchanger.
Damage From Scaling, Corrosion, or Erosion is
Not Covered by the Warranty.
SECTION 2.
Installation
2.1 Heater Placement
The heater must be placed to provide specic
clearances on all sides for maintenance and inspection.
There must also be minimum distances maintained
from combustible surfaces. These clearances also
apply to non-combustible materials because the heater
requires air circulation for proper operation.
Heater should be mounted on a level surface.
An integral combustible ooring base is provided
as standard equipment on outdoor models. Indoor
models can be installed on a combustible oor with
a special base assembly which is available from the
factory, or with a base that complies with local code
requirements. See rating plate for part number of the
base assembly.
Do not install a heater on carpeting.
Under the National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI
Z223.1, it is permissible to place the heater on oors
other than non-combustible when the installation
complies with the American Insurance Code.
Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 show common installation on
combustible ooring.
2.2. Installation of Indoor Heaters
1. Locate the water heater to provide adequate
clearance for inspection and service on all sides
(see Table 1). We recommend minimums of 24"
from front (for proper access to and service of
controls) and 18" at water connection end. For
alcove installation (see Figure 6).
2. Install the heater on a waterproof oor with an
adequate oor drain and a 6" minimum curb on
all four sides to protect the building if heater
repairs are required. The manufacturer will
not be held liable for any water damage in
connection with this heater.
2.2.1 Combustion Air Supply
1. Copper Brute water heaters must have provisions
for combustion and ventilation air in accordance
with section 5.3, Air for Combustion and
Ventilation, of the National Fuel Gas Code,
ANSI Z223.1, or Sections 7.2, 7.3 or 7.4 of
CSA B149.1, Installation Codes, or applicable
provisions of the local building codes.
A Copper Brute heater may receive combustion
air from the space in which it is installed, or
it can be ducted directly to the unit from the
outside. Ventilation air must be provided in either
case.
2. In the United States, the most common
requirements specify that the space shall
communicate with the outdoors in accordance
with method 1 or 2, which follow. Where ducts
are used, they shall be of the same cross-sectional
area as the free area of the openings to which
they connect.
Method 1: Two permanent openings, one
commencing within 12 inches (30 cm) of the top
and one commencing within 12 inches (30 cm)
of the bottom, of the enclosure shall be provided.
The openings shall communicate directly, or by
ducts, with the outdoors or spaces that freely
communicate with the outdoors. When directly
communicating with the outdoors, or when
communicating to the outdoors through vertical
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B4 Volume Water Heater
Concrete Slab Must Extend Out A
Base For Combustible Floors
Concrete Slab - 4
" Minimum
Minimum Of
12" On All Sides
Roof - W
ood & Steel Construction
Unit
(End
View)
Base
Rail
Base For Combustible Floors
Raised Mounting
Platform (W
ood)
Mounting Platform Must Extend Out
A
Minimum Of 12" On All Sides
Unit
(End
View)
Base
Rail
20 GA
Galvanized
Sheet Metal
Cap
Flashing
Roof
Roof
Base Must Extend Out
Min. 12" On All Sides
Of Heater Frame
Met
al Plate 20
Ga. Min.
Under Entire
Heater
Concrete Blocks Or
Tile
Min.
7" High With 3" Min.
Air Openings
Blocks must provide solid base and be
braced so they cannot slip out of place. Air
openings in blocks must be arranged to
provide unobstructed opening through entire
width or length of base.
Unit
(Front
View)
20 GA
Galvanized
Sheet Met
al
Cap
Flashing
Roof
Roofing
4X4
Stringer
Base
Rail
Base
for Combustible Floors
Clearance Indoor Outdoor
From (inches) (inches)
Top 30 Unobstructed
Water Conn. Side 12 24
Opposite Side 6 24
Front Alcove Unobstructed
Rear 8 24
Vent Pipe* 6 —
Hot Water Pipes Per Code Per Code
*1" when using type B Vent (refer to Manufacturer's
Instructions
Table 1. Minimum Heater Clearances
From Combustible Surfaces.
Page 5
Figure 4. Typical Heater Installation with Base for Combustible Floors, Example C.
Figure 2. Typical Heater Installation with Base for Combustible Floors, Example A.
Figure 3. Typical Heater Installation with Base for Combustible Floors, Example B.
Figure 5. Installation on Concrete Blocks or Tile.
Water
Heater
CLOSET INSTALLATION
(UNACCEPTABLE)
A closet is any 4 sided enclosure
which is less than 16* times the total
volume of all the gas red appliances
within the enclosure.
Water
Heater
When the ceiling height exceeds 8 feet, you are only allowed to consider 8
*
feet when calculating the total volume of the enclosure.
ROOM INSTALLATION
(ACCEPTABLE)
A room is any enclosure which is at
least 16* times greater than the total
volume of all the gas red appliances
within the enclosure.
ALCOVE INSTALLATION
(ACCEPTABLE)
An alcove suitable for the installation of a water heater is a restricted
section of a room not separated from
the room by a door or partition and
which meets the minimum clearances
for the specic model water heater
listed below.
Figure 6. Alcove Installation.
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B4 Volume Water Heater
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BRADFORD WHITE
ducts, each opening shall have a minimum free
area of 1 square inch per 4000 Btu/hr (5.5 square
cm/kW) of total input rating of all equipment
in the enclosure. When communicating to the
outdoors through horizontal ducts, each opening
shall have a minimum free area of not less than
1 square inch per 2000 Btu/hr (11 square cm/
kW) of total input rating of all equipment in the
enclosure. Table 2 shows data for this sizing
method, for each Copper Brute model.
Method 2: One permanent opening,
commencing within 12 inches (30 cm) of the
top of the enclosure, shall be permitted. The
opening shall directly communicate with the
outdoors or shall communicate through a vertical
or horizontal duct to the outdoors or spaces that
directly communicate with the outdoors and shall
have a minimum free area of 1 square inch per
3000 Btu/hr (7 square cm/kW) of the total input
rating of all equipment located in the enclosure.
This opening must not be less than the sum of the
areas of all vent connectors in the conned space.
Other methods of introducing combustion
and ventilation air are acceptable, providing they
conform to the requirements in the applicable
codes listed above.
In Canada, consult local building and safety
codes or, in absence of such requirements, follow
CSA B149.1.
Heater Each Opening*
Model (Square Inches)
500 125
600 150
715 179
850 213
1010 253
1200 300
1430 358
1670 418
1825 457
*Net Free Area in Square Inches
Area indicated is for one of two openings; one at
oor level and one at the ceiling, so the total net
free area could be double the gures indicated.
For special conditions refer to the latest edition of
ANSI Z223.1. or CSA B149.1
Consult factory if not communicating directly
through the walls with the outdoors.
Note: Check with louver manufacturers for
net free area of louvers. Correct for screen
resistance to the net free area if a screen is
installed. Check all local codes applicable to
combustion air.
IMPORTANT: In beauty shops, barber shops,
cleaning establishments and self-service laundries with
dry cleaning equipment, it is important that the water
heater be installed in a location where combustion and
ventilation air is received from a source outside the
building. Please refer to the most recent edition of the
National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1, or in Canada,
CSA requirements.
3. (a) In the United States: Exhaust Fans or
Vents: Any equipment which exhausts air from
the heater room can deplete the combustion air
supply or reverse the natural draft action of the
venting system. This could cause ue products
to accumulate in the heater room. Additional air
must be supplied to compensate for such exhaust.
The information in Table 2 is not applicable in
installations where exhaust fans or blowers of
any type are used. Such installations must be
designed by qualied engineers.
(b) In Canada: Follow Canadian standard, CSA
B149.1 or local codes.
4. If a blower or fan is used to supply air to the
heater room, the installer should make sure it
does not create drafts which could cause nuisance
shutdowns of the pilot. If a blower is necessary to
provide adequate combustion air to the heater, a
suitable switch or equivalent must be wired into
the heater control circuit to prevent the heater
from ring unless the blower is operating.
5. The heater must be completely isolated and
protected from any source of corrosive chemical
fumes such as trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene,
chlorine, etc.
2.2.2 Venting
1. Bradford White heaters have built-in draft
diverters for natural draft operation and must not
be connected to any portion of a mechanical draft
system under positive pressure. The ue outlet
must be connected to a clear, unobstructed vent
of adequate capacity ending above the highest
point of the building with an approved vent cap.
The venting system should be installed according
to the latest edition of ANSI Z223.1 and/or, in
Canada, CSA B149.1 requirement and any local
codes having jurisdiction.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Do not use sheet metal
screws at the snap lock joints of Type B gas
vents.
2. Do not weld or fasten the vent pipe to the heater
draft hood. The weight of the stack must not rest
on the heater. The draft hood and heater top must
be easily removable for normal heater service
and inspection.
Table 2. Minimum Recommended
Air Supply to heater.
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