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SUPPORT
INFORMATION
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Mail order: Black Box Corporation, 1000 Park Drive, Lawrence, PA 15055-1018
Web site: www.blackbox.com • E-mail: info@blackbox.com
JANUARY 1996
SP250A
SP251A
Category 5 Primary and Secondary
Surge Protectors
Code: SP251A
S/N:
TM
Code: SP250A
S/N:
TM
NOM STATEMENT
3
NORMAS OFICIALES MEXICANAS (NOM) ELECTRICAL SAFETY STATEMENT
INSTRUCCIONES DE SEGURIDAD
1. Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser leídas
antes de que el aparato eléctrico sea operado.
2. Las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser guardadas
para referencia futura.
3. Todas las advertencias en el aparato eléctrico y en sus instrucciones de
operación deben ser respetadas.
4. Todas las instrucciones de operación y uso deben ser seguidas.
5. El aparato eléctrico no deberá ser usado cerca del agua—por ejemplo,
cerca de la tina de baño, lavabo, sótano mojado o cerca de una alberca,
etc.
6. El aparato eléctrico debe ser usado únicamente con carritos o
pedestales que sean recomendados por el fabricante.
7. El aparato eléctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al techo sólo como
sea recomendado por el fabricante.
8. Servicio—El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al equipo eléctrico
más allá a lo descrito en las instrucciones de operación. Todo otro
servicio deberá ser referido a personal de servicio calificado.
9. El aparato eléctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que su posición no
interfiera su uso. La colocación del aparato eléctrico sobre una cama,
sofá, alfombra o superficie similar puede bloquea la ventilación, no se
debe colocar en libreros o gabinetes que impidan el flujo de aire por los
orificios de ventilación.
10. El equipo eléctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance de fuentes de
calor como radiadores, registros de calor, estufas u otros aparatos
(incluyendo amplificadores) que producen calor.
11. El aparato eléctrico deberá ser connectado a una fuente de poder sólo
del tipo descrito en el instructivo de operación, o como se indique en el
aparato.
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
12. Precaución debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica y la
polarización del equipo no sea eliminada.
13. Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal manera que
no sean pisados ni pellizcados por objetos colocados sobre o contra
ellos, poniendo particular atención a los contactos y receptáculos donde
salen del aparato.
14. El equipo eléctrico debe ser limpiado únicamente de acuerdo a las
recomendaciones del fabricante.
15. En caso de existir, una antena externa deberá ser localizada lejos de las
lineas de energia.
16. El cable de corriente deberá ser desconectado del cuando el equipo no
sea usado por un largo periodo de tiempo.
17. Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos liquidos no sean
derramados sobre la cubierta u orificios de ventilación.
18. Servicio por personal calificado deberá ser provisto cuando:
A: El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido dañado; u
B: Objectos han caído o líquido ha sido derramado dentro del
aparato; o
C: El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia; o
D: El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un cambio en
su desempeño; o
E: El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido dañada.
TRADEMARK USED IN THIS MANUAL
ARCNET is a registered trademark of Datapoint Corporation.
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Chapter Page
1. Specifications ........................................................................................ 6
2. Introduction ......................................................................................... 8
2.1 General Overview .......................................................................... 8
2.2 Important Features ....................................................................... 9
3. Installation .......................................................................................... 10
3.1 Applications ................................................................................. 10
3.2 Installation Procedures ................................................................ 12
Appendix A: IEC Compliance .................................................................. 14
Appendix B: EIA/TIA TSB-40A Compliance .......................................... 15
5
1. Specifications
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
Compliance —
EN50082-1:1992 (including ISO [IEC] 801.2, 801.4,
and 801.5), EIA/TIA TSB-40A
Standards —
Compatible with IEEE 802.3 Ethernet, low-speed
(4-Mbps) IEEE 802.5 Token Ring, and IEEE 802.12
AnyLAN
Interfaces —
Compatible with most interfaces that make use of the
RJ-45 connector and Category 5 cabling, including
EIA/TIA RS-422 and RS-423, 10BASE-T, Type 3
Token Ring, 100BASE-T, 100VG-AnyLAN, and ATM
CAUTION!
Because of clamp-voltage limitations, the Surge
Protectors are not compatible with ARCNET
®
or
Type 1 Token Ring.
Maximum Data
Rate —
100 Mbps
Response Time —
Clamped to 13 volts after 0.1 µs
Characteristic
Impedance —
100 ohms
NEXT Loss —
SP250A: Worst pair better than –43 dB at 100 MHz;
SP251A: Worst pair better than –46 dB at 100 Mhz;
See
Appendix B
Surge Rating —
IEC 801.5 Standard Level
Surge Clamp
Voltage —
SP250A: 15 volts maximum with 2-kV input;
SP251A: 13 volts maximum with 1-kV input
6
7
CHAPTER 1: Specifications
DC Clamp
Voltage —
Common Mode to Ground: Each line 7.5 volts at 50 mA;
Differential Mode: Per pair: 8.1 volts at 50 mA
Grounding —
External ground strap provides separate unit-ground
to chassis-ground contact
Insertion Loss —
Less than 0.4 dB at 100 Mhz (including connector)
Return Loss —
Better than 14 dB
Group Delay —
None (1 MHz to 100 MHz)
Series Resistance —
Less than 400 m
Ω
Connectors —
(2) RJ-45 female
Leads/Signals
Protected —
All
MTBF —
1,595,000 hours in a ground-benign environment
(MIL-HDBK-217E)
Maximum
Altitude —
10,000 ft. (3048 m)
Temperature
Tolerance —
32 to 140˚ F (0 to 60˚ C)
Humidity
Tolerance —
Up to 95% noncondensing
Size —
2.3"H x 1.7"W x 0.8"D (5.7 x 4.3 x 1.9 cm)
Weight —
1 lb. (0.5 kg)
8
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
2.1 General Overview
Devices connected to Category 5 cabling systems are routinely threatened
by unwanted electrical energy from sources such as lightning, AC-power
induction, and ESD. Higher-speed devices—such as those operating at
100 Mbps—are especially vulnerable to the effects of these hazards, which
can include data loss and hardware damage.
Our Category 5 Primary and Secondary Surge Protectors provide
effective surge protection for devices operating in Category 5 cabling
systems. The Secondary Surge Protector is specifically designed for point-
of-use installation; the Primary Surge Protector is designed to be installed at
the building entrance. Both models use a multi-stage Silicon Avalanche
Diode circuit, and will continue functioning while handling surges up to the
IEC 801.5 specification (see the tables in
Appendix B
). Both Surge
Protectors will also protect against surges up to and exceeding 2kV/1kA in
“fail-safe mode”: When hit by strong surges, they will fail, but in doing so
they will short the line to ground so that the surge energy will not reach the
protected equipment. (The Surge Protectors will also “fail-safe” in response
to differences in ground potential—“ground loops”—that are not too
severe.)
The Category 5 Surge Protectors support a wide range of balanced
interfaces from EIA RS-422 to 100BASE-T. Highlights include a low
insertion loss (less than 0.4 dB at 100 MHz) and minimal near-end crosstalk
(“NEXT,” greater than –43 dB at all frequencies up to 100 MHz).
Grounding is accomplished with an external ground strap that provides a
separate unit-ground-to-chassis-ground connection.
CAUTION!
These surge protectors will not provide complete protection should your
equipment or building be subject to a direct lightning hit, nor will they
provide complete protection against severe differences in ground
potential (“severe ground loops”).
2. Introduction
9
CHAPTER 2: Introduction
2.2 Important Features
• Multi-level surge protection
• Operation at data rates up to 100 Mbps
• EIA/TIA TSB-40A Category 5 compliant
• NEXT better than –43 dB at 100 Mhz
• Shunts surges directly to chassis ground or building ground
• Easy to install
10
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
The Category 5 Surge Protectors are easy to install and are designed to be
transparent to your network while they operate. This section describes the
applications for which each model is designed and the procedures that you
will use to install each model.
3.1 Applications
Both Surge Protectors protect all eight pins on the modular RJ-45
Category 5 interface, and they both work in environments with data rates
up to 100 Mbps. However, the two models are designed for somewhat
different applications. The following descriptions will give you a general
guideline for installing the units in your Category 5 environment.
3.1.1 THES
ECONDARYSURGEPROTECTOR
(SP251A)
The Secondary Surge Protector (SSP) is designed to be installed on LAN
equipment in a typical office environment (see Figure 3-1 below). For best
results, you should connect the SSP as close as possible to the
communication port of the device you want to protect (you might want to
use the patch cable included with the SSP). Also, the flat braided grounding
wire on the SSP should be attached to the grounded metal frame of the
device being protected.
Figure 3-1. A typical point-of-use application for the SSP.
3. Installation
Category 5
Secondary
Surge Protectors
11
CHAPTER 3: Installation
3.1.2 THEP
RIMARYSURGEPROTECTOR
(SP250A)
The Primary Surge Protector (PSP) is a more robust protector than the
Secondary Surge Protector, and is designed for use as a barrier protector
on LAN equipment in campus networks. Applications include cable runs
between buildings, cable runs between floors on multi-story structures, and
as a higher-capacity replacement for the SSP.
The PSP is also well suited for use in surge-prone areas, heavy industrial
environments, and installations with heavy machinery in close proximity to
sensitive LAN equipment and cabling. Figure 3-2, below, shows a typical
application for the PSP. For best results, the braided grounding strap on
the PSP should be attached to the grounded metal frame of the device
being protected. When you install the PSP at a barrier such as an external
wall, the braided strap should be connected to the building’s electrical-
safety ground.
Figure 3-2. A typical barrier application for the PSP.
Local Hub
Electrical
Panel
Exterior
Wall
Category 5 Primary or
Secondary Surge
Protectors
Category 5
Primary Surge
Protector
To other
building
or floor
Category 5 Primary or
Secondary Surge
Protectors
12
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
3.2 Installation Procedures
In order to operate as designed, the Surge Protectors must be connected
correctly to your Category 5 network. Please read all the instructions below
and follow them carefully.
3.2.1 C
ONNECTING THE
PSP ORSSP
TO AN
I/O P
ORT
1. Turn off or power down the the device you want to connect the Surge
Protector to. Disconnect the specific twisted-pair line you want to
protect from the device port it is currently attached to.
2. Install the Surge Protector between the incoming twisted-pair line and
the port that the line was connected to (see Figure 3-3 below). You will
have to run a straight-through-pinned Category 5 patch cable with
modular RJ-45 connectors from the Surge Protector to the port; we
suggest that you use the cable supplied with the Surge Protector. It
doesn’t matter which end of the Surge Protector is attached to the
twisted-pair line and which end is attached to the patch cable.
Figure 3-3. Installing a Surge Protector.
3. Locate a metal chassis ground on the device. This is often a hex screw
on a D-shell or AUI connector. Sometimes a metal rear panel is
attached to the rest of the device with screws, one of which can be used
for chassis grounding. If you cannot locate a chassis-ground
connection point on your equipment, contact your supplier’s technical
support to discuss an alternative grounding solution.
Cat. 5 patch cable to protected
equipment
(6 inches [15.2 cm] or less)
Cat. 5 input
from network
Connection to
chassis or
safety ground
13
CHAPTER 3: Installation
4. Attach the Surge Protector’s braided ground strap directly to the
chassis-ground connection point you have located (see Figure 3-3 on
the previous page). The best way to make this connection is to attach
the braided metal strap using a hex nut or screw on your device.
CAUTION!
Surge energy may run both directions on the ground strap. To provide
the best protection, it is essential that the ground strap on the Surge
Protector be connected to the chassis ground of the protected device. Do
not lengthen the Surge Protector’s ground strap or connect it to a ground
other than chassis ground unless instructed to do so by your supplier’s
technical support.
3.2.2 C
ONNECTING THE
PSP
AT ABARRIER(WALL
, B
UILDINGENTRANCE
, ETC.)
1. Disconnect the twisted-pair line you want to protect from the wall jack.
2. Install the Primary Surge Protector between the line and the jack. You
will have to run a straight-through-pinned Category 5 patch cable with
modular RJ-45 connectors from the PSP to the jack; we suggest that
you use the cable supplied with the PSP. It doesn’t matter which end of
the PSP is attached to the twisted-pair line and which end is attached to
the patch cable.
3.
Find a common or on-equipment electrical ground close to the jack. We
recommend that you use one of the building’s electrical-safety grounds,
such as an electrical panel or subpanel, but you can use a device’s chassis
ground
if the chassis ground is connected to the building’s electrical
ground. If there are no grounds connected to the building’s electrical-
safety grounds within nine inches (23 cm) of the jack, contact your
supplier’s technical support to discuss an alternative grounding solution.
4. Connect the braided ground strap directly to the safety ground you
have located. The best way to make this connection is to attach the
braided metal strap to the metal panel using a hex nut or screw.
CAUTION!
Surge energy may run both directions on the ground strap. To provide
the best protection, it is essential that the ground strap on the Surge
Protector be connected to electrical safety ground. Do not lengthen the
Surge Protector’s ground strap or connect it to a ground not tied to safety
ground unless instructed to do so by your supplier’s technical support.
14
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
These Category 5 Surge Protectors meet IEC standards 801.2, 801.4, and
801.5 (CE Mark).
Effective January 1996, the European Union requires
that all electronic devices be tested and comply with all applicable
international standards relating to the product’s type and category of use.
EMC Directive 89/336/EEC specifically addresses communication-line surge
protection devices, since conformity to immunity standard EN50082-1:1992
is now mandatory. The EN50082-1:1992 standard incorporates ISO (IEC)
Publications 801.2 and 801.4, which describe Electrostatic Discharge and
Electrical Fast Transient requirements. ISO (IEC) 801.5 describes Surge
Immunity Requirements (see Table A-1 below) and is expected to be
adopted as a mandatory requirement under EN50082-1 in 1996. Any surge
protector sold into the international community must meet these standards.
These devices have been tested and found to comply with these standards,
as evidenced by their CE marks.
Table A-1. IEC Threat Levels as a Function of Class
Class Symmetrical Lines Coupling Mode
Line = GND, Source Impedance = 42 ohms
1 1.0 kV at 24 A
2 1.0 kV at 24 A
3 2.0 kV at 48 A
4 N/A
5 4.0 kV at 95 A
Surge Waveforms (Voltage and Current): 1.2 x 50 µs
Appendix A: IEC Compliance
15
APPENDIX B: EIA/TIA TSB-40A Compliance
The Category 5 Primary and Secondary Surge Protectors have been designed to conform to
stringent EIA/TIA TSB-40A standards as required for all Category 5 connecting hardware.
These standards specify capacitance and near-end crosstalk (NEXT) limits to help ensure
proper operation of
all
connected equipment. Specific test results are shown in the tables on
the following pages.
Table B-1. Results of TSB-40A Compliance Testing, Part 1:
Typical Near-End Crosstalk Measurements
NEXT Measurements for the Primary Surge Protector (SP250A)
SOURCE/VICTIM PAIRS
Freq. 1-2/3-6 1-2/4-5 1-2/7-8 3-6/4-5 3-6/7-8 4-5/7-8 SPEC
(MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)
1 >80 >80 >80 >80 >80 >80 >65
4 78 71.0 >80 75.0 73.0 77.0 >65
8 75 66.0 >80 70.0 77.0 66.0 62
10 70 63.0 >80 68.0 74.0 69.0 60
16 66 59.3 >80 64.0 80.0 72.0 56
20 65 57.6 >80 62.0 >80 66.0 54
25 64 56.0 >80 60.0 71.0 63.0 52
31.25 62 54.0 >80 58.0 66.0 61.0 50
62.5 54 48.6 80.0 51.0 60.0 58.0 44
100 48 52.0 59.0 45.0 56.0 43.0 40
NEXT Measurements for the Secondary Surge Protector (SP251A)
SOURCE/VICTIM PAIRS
Freq. 1-2/3-6 1-2/4-5 1-2/7-8 3-6/4-5 3-6/7-8 4-5/7-8 SPEC
(MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)
1 >80 >80 >80 >80 >80 >80 >65
4 77 74.0 >80 73.0 >80 74.0 >65
8 73 63.0 >80 68.0 75 69.0 62
10 67 67.3 >80 62.0 68.9 66.0 60
16 65 69.0 >80 58.0 68 62.0 56
20 64 63.0 >80 57.0 72 61.0 54
25 62 61.0 75.0 56.5 64 62.4 52
31.25 59 61.0 77.0 54.0 62 57.0 50
62.5 53 59.3 77.0 49.0 54.7 50.0 44
100 64 52.0 69.0 45.4 51 46.0 40
Appendix B: EIA/TIA TSB-40A
Compliance
16
CATEGORY 5 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SURGE PROTECTORS
Table B-2. Results of TSB-40A Compliance Testing, Part 2:
Typical Attenuation Measurements
Attenuation Measurements for the Primary Surge Protector (SP250A)
Freq. Pins 1-2 Pins 3-6 Pins 4-5 Pins 7-8 SPEC
(MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)
1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
16 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2
20 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2
25 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2
31.25 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2
62.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3
100 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4
Attenuation Measurements for the Secondary Surge Protector (SP251A)
Freq. Pins 1-2 Pins 3-6 Pins 4-5 Pins 7-8 SPEC
(MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)
1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
16 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2
20 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2
25 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2
31.25 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2
62.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3
100 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4
17
APPENDIX B: EIA/TIA TSB-40A Compliance
Table B-3. Results of TSB-40A Compliance Testing, Part 3:
Typical Return-Loss Measurements
Return-Loss Measurements for the Primary Surge Protector (SP250A)
Freq. Pins 1-2 Pins 3-6 Pins 4-5 Pins 7-8 SPEC
(MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)
1 27.4 27.6 28.4 28.0 23
4 37.3 38.0 49.0 42.5 23
8 40.8 42.3 37.8 38.7 23
10 39.6 40.0 35.7 35.4 23
16 37.0 34.0 32.3 33.0 23
20 35.0 30.8 31.0 31.6 23
25 34.5 24.4 29.8 30.4 14
31.25 35.0 23.5 30.0 30.5 14
62.5 24.2 28.7 22.0 22.5 14
100 19.0 27.0 18.3 19.0 14
Return-Loss Measurements for the Secondary Surge Protector (SP251A)
Freq. Pins 1-2 Pins 3-6 Pins 4-5 Pins 7-8 SPEC
(MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)
1 27.3 27.6 28.5 28.0 23
4 38.2 37.2 48.6 42.4 23
8 42.0 40.4 39.4 30.4 23
10 41.4 38.6 36.4 38.6 23
16 38.8 32.7 33.4 35.3 23
20 37.0 28.4 31.8 33.4 23
25 34.9 25.2 30.7 32.2 14
31.25 35.0 22.0 31.4 33.0 14
62.5 27.0 25.3 24.0 25.0 14
100 21.5 25.0 19.8 21.8 14
NOTES
1000 Park Drive • Lawrence, PA 15055-1018 • 724-746-5500 • Fax 724-746-0746
© Copyright 1996. Black Box Corporation. All rights reserved.
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