Black Box MXU9070, MXU9076 User Manual

Jan 97 / Version 1.1

Echo Mux X.21/V.11:
MXU9070

Echo Mux V.35:
MXU9076

Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

TECHNICAL:

SALES:

FAX:

ADDRESS:

WEB:

[phone]
[phone]
[phone]
464 Basingstoke Road, Reading, Berkshire RG2 0QN
www.blackbox.co.uk

How To Contact your Local Black Box

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

ECHO

E1 2 Megabit Multiplexer range

User Manual

WARNING - BEFORE INSTALLATION, PLEASE REFER

TO SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS IN APPENDIX A, AND

EMC INSTRUCTIONS IN APPENDIX C

Certified Compliant in the EC, when fitted in accordance with the installation instructions,
against the followi ng directives/standards :

Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC and amendme nt 93 /68 /EE C)

EN60950 : 1992 ( Safety )

Electromagnetic Compatibility directive (89/336/EEC and subsequent

amendments to date):

EN55022 : 1994 (Emissions)
EN50082-1 : 1992 (Immunity)

Telecommunications Terminal Equipment directive (91/263/EEC and

amendment 93/68/EEC) where indicated in approvals requirements section.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Contents

Introduction..............................................................................................................................................6

Functional overview....................................................................................................................6

Typical Applications....................................................................................................................7

Use and Configuration.............................................................................................................................9

Data Channel Connection........................................................................................................ ...9

Default Channel Setup................................................................................................................ 9

Changing the Configuration........................................................................................................9

Supervisor Terminal requirements..............................................................................................9

Supervisor Terminal Emulations...............................................................................................10

General Set-Up Display Layout.................................................................................................11

General Keyboard Conventions................................................................................................11

Cursor Movement........................................................................................................12

Parameter changing.....................................................................................................12

Accepting all changes and Updating the configuration................................................12

Abandoning Changes..................................................................................................12

Local or Remote Configuration....................................................................................12

Changing the configuration page.................................................................................12

Nx64 channel Configuration......................................................................................................13

Timeslot Assignment.................................................................................................................13

Drop and Insert (D&I) channel operation...................................................................................15

Setting the System's Real-Time Clock......................................................................................16

Viewing the Statistics pages.....................................................................................................16

Viewing the Event Log..............................................................................................................17

Clearing the Event Log.............................................................................................................18

System Alarms & Alarm port.....................................................................................................18

Link Carrier Loss..........................................................................................................19

Timeslot Mismatch.......................................................................................................20

D&I Carrier Loss..........................................................................................................20

D&I Remote Alarm.......................................................................................................20

Nx64 Control Off..........................................................................................................20

Nx64 Clock Fail............................................................................................................ 20

Remote Alarm..............................................................................................................20

Link BER High..............................................................................................................21

Echo Multiplexer Installation..................................................................................................................22

Supply Voltage & Connection...................................................................................................22

Environmental Considerations..................................................................................................22

Mechanical Construction...........................................................................................................22

Composite Interface Selection..................................................................................................23

Composite Network Connection................................................................................................23

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Composite Link Parameters......................................................................................................24

Back to Back demonstration connection...................................................................................25

Internal Clock (other site in loop).................................................................................25

Using an external Clock reference............................................................................................26

External Channel Clock...............................................................................................26

External Reference Clock............................................................................................26

Through Clock (Master from D&I link)..........................................................................27

Troubleshooting.....................................................................................................................................28

Front Panel LEDs......................................................................................................................28

Diagnostics & Loopbacks..........................................................................................................29

Appendix A - Warnings..........................................................................................................................30

Appendix B - Approval...........................................................................................................................33

Appendix C - EMC Requirements..........................................................................................................34

Limitation of Emissions:............................................................................................................34

'D-Type' Connections...................................................................................................34

Mains Connection........................................................................................................35

To Ensure that adequate immunity is achieved:.......................................................................35

Appendix D – Rear Panel Lay Out.........................................................................................................36

Appendix E - Supervisor Port Pinout......................................................................................................37

Appendix F - Composite Interface Pinouts............................................................................................38

Appendix G - RJ45 E1 Crossover Cable................................................................................................40

Appendix H - X.21/V.11 Data Channel Pinout........................................................................................41

Appendix I - X.21/V.11 Network Crossover Cable .................................................................................42

Appendix J - Alarms............................................................................................................ ...................43

Appendix K - Echo Technical Specification............................................................................................44

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Introduction

The Echo is an E1 time division multiplexer, operating at 2.048 Mbps, supporting up to 4
X.21/V.11 data channels, and an additional (optional) E1 drop and insert link.

The unit is easily configured from either end of the link, using a terminal or a PC running a
terminal emulation package.

This user manual covers installation and setup of user options for the multiplexer. A full set
of cable diagrams is available in the appendices.

Functional overview

The ECHO E1 multiplexer is a time division multiplexer operating at 2.048 Mbps, compliant
with both EUROPEAN and UK G.703 standards.

The composite link is interface selectable for either UK (75 Ohms un-balanced) or
EUROPEAN (120 Ohms balanced).

Up to 4 synchronous data ports are supported, operating at data rates of up to 1984Kbps, in
64Kbps steps. The channel data rates are set by time slot allocation (which need not be
contiguous).

A drop and insert (D&I) option card allows an additional E1 link, for connection of a
PABX. Time slots not used by the D&I channel made available for use on any of the data
channels.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Typical Applications

The Echo may be used to provide up to 4 Nx64K X.21/V.11 channel connections (at any
multiple of 64K) between two sites, using a G.703 2 Megabit/Second data link, as shown
below:

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

It is also possible to connect two systems back to back directly in this manner, using an
appropriate cable. This configuration is described on page 25.

Where the Echo is to be used to provide unused PABX (or bridge) bandwidth to Nx64
X.21/V.11 ports, the optional Drop and Insert card is used as follows:

The Echo is set so that the slots used by the PABX are passed through to the main G.703 link
transparently. This is described on page 15. The remaining unused timeslots can now be
assigned as required to the channel ports.

The connection between the D&I port and the PABX will need to be crossed over using the
appropriate cable arrangement (same as the back to back Demo cable) shown on page 25.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Use and Configuration

This section covers connection and set-up of the channel data ports. The composite port is
covered in the installation section of this manual.

Data Channel Connection

Peripherals are connected to the X.21/V.11 15 way 'D'-type connectors configured DCE and
numbered 1 to 4 at the rear of the multiplexer. The pin connections for these data channels
are defined in Appendix H.

Default Channel Setup

When delivered or factory reset, the Echo Time Division Multiplexer is set to operate with all
channels set as follows:

Rate : Off
Mode : NORMAL
TX Clock : INT
RX Clock : INT
Indicate : ON

Changing the Configuration

The Echo may be configured using an asynchronous terminal. A laptop PC running an
asynchronous terminal emulation program such as PCAnywhere, CrossTalk or Windows
Terminal is ideal for the field engineer. The terminal should be connected via its serial port
to the SUPERVISOR port on the rear of the multiplexer.

Supervisor Terminal requirements

The terminal must be configured to:

8 bit character, no parity, one stop bit, speed 9.6Kbps

A suitable cable for connection of the Supervisor port is defined in Appendix E.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Supervisor Terminal Emulations

Several terminal emulations are supported by the Echo. When connection is made between
the terminal or PC and the rear panel port labelled SUPERVISOR, the following screen will
appear:

The terminal type or emulation in use should be selected b y pressing the rel evant number ke y
on the PC or terminal. The monitor will now show the basic configuration screen for the
multiplexer setup. This is formatted as below:

Please select terminal type from the following:

1 = VT52
2 = VT100
3 = ADDSVP
4 = ADM3A
5 = H1500
6 = N8009

7 = TVI920

2 MEGABIT E1 MULTIPLEXER V1.00
=============================== 15:35 16/09/96 ==================================

Main Link (EUR : SYNCHRONISED
Mode : NORMAL * Nx64 Channels : 4
Framing : CRC4 D&I Channels : NOT FITTED
Idle Bandwidth : 1344K System Alarms : None
Clock Reference : INTERNAL Statistics : Error Counts
Configuration : >LOCAL Events : Log

Nx64 Channel : 1 2 3 4
Rate : 384K 256K OFF OFF
Mode : NORMAL NORMAL NORMAL NORMAL
TX Clock : INT EXT INT INT
RX Clock : INT EXT INT INT
Indicate : ON ON ON ON
Control : ON ON ON ON

---------------- -- ---- - TI MES LOT MAP -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- ---- --
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

---------------- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- ----- -- -- -- -- -- -­ R 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ­ Cursor Keys to move, CTRL-U to save, ESC to abandon
=================================================================================
Use <SPACEBAR>/<+>/<-> to select

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

General Set-Up Display Layout

There are three main ar eas on the supervisor set-up screen used to change paramet ers for the
Echo:

Upper left ­System parameters (Mode,
Clock Ref, Carrier, Idle
Bandwidth, and Configure etc.).

Upper right ­Other display pages which may
be selected, (Statistics etc.).

Bottom ­Channel configuration.

The initial display is that for the

Nx64 channels.

General Keyboard Conventions

Only a few keys are required to configure the Echo multiplexer and are summarised as
follows:

→ (Right arrow) Moves the cursor to the next field to the right.
← (Left arrow) Moves the cursor to the next field to the left.
↑ (Up arrow) Moves the cursor to the next field upwards.
↓ (Down arrow) Moves the cursor to the next fie ld downwa r ds.

+ (Plus) or <SPACEBAR> Toggles the parameter value up to the next available setting.

- (Minus) Toggles the parameter value down to the next available setting.
<ENTER> or <RETURN> Accepts the current display page (else same as ↓).

<CTRL> and U Accepts all changes and causes multiplexer re-configuration.

<ESC> Abandons all changes since last <CTRL> and U.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Cursor Movement

The cursor symbol ">" is moved around the screen to the required field using the arrow
keys.

Parameter changing

If it is possible to modify the field over which the cursor is placed, the message "Use
<SPACEBAR>, <+>, <->" is shown at the bottom of the screen. No message will appear if
the field is calculated, un-modifiable or hardware set.

Pressing the Space bar, the "+" key or the "-" key will cycle through the choices available for
a parameter.

Accepting all changes and Updating the configuration

If "Control" and "U" are pressed at the same time after the configuration has been suitably

adjusted, the configuration is updated at the local and remote end as necessary and held in
Non-Volatile Memory (NVRAM.)

Abandoning Changes

Pressing ESC at any point before a configuration is updated will cause the message Abandon
Changes? (y/n) to appear at the bottom of the screen. If n is selected the message will

disappear and editing may continue. If y is pressed, all modifications will be abandoned and
last updated configuration will be re-painted to the screen.

Local or Remote Configuration.

Most settings are independent at each end of the multiplexer link e.g. Clock Reference.

The "Configure" parameter in the upper left of the selected screen shows whether the
LOCAL or REMOTE multiplexer is being configured.

Changing the configuration page

The Conf iguration Page required, e.g. 'Channels', or 'Events' etc., is selected by moving the
cursor to the upper right area and pressing Enter when alongside the required page.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Nx64 channel Configuration

To change the Nx64 channel configuration, select the confi guration screen (shown on page

10) by moving the cursor to the top line on the right hand area of the screen, next to 'Nx64
Channels:' and pressing ENTER or RETURN.

The display shows parameters for up to four data channels CH1 to CH4.

Each data channel has parameters selectable as detailed in the table on the following page.

Timeslot Assignment

Timeslots are assigned by moving the cursor down to the Time slot map section of the Nx64
Channels screen.

Timeslots may be assigned directly by pressing the appropriate key on the Supervisor port
terminal keyboard eg:

Pressing: 1 Assigns the slot to Nx64 Channel 1

2 Assigns the slot to Nx64 Channel 2
3 Assigns the slot to Nx64 Channel 3
4 Assigns the slot to Nx64 Channel 4
D Assigns the slot to the D&I Channel (if fitted)

- Un-assigns the timeslot

Timeslots assigned to each channel will each contribute 64K of bandwidth. The Rate field
for the channel will automatically be updated to show the rate which the channel will be
running.

Note that if the D&I channel is connected to a PABX which is using timeslot 16 for
signalling or CCS signalling, timeslot 16 must be assigned to the D&I channel.

It is of course, very important to plan which timeslots are to be used by the connected PABX
and which are to be used for data channels. This will almost certainly require some setting up
of the PABX as well as the multiplexer.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

PARAMETER CHOICES NOTES

Echo Channel Set-up Options

Rate

Mode

LOOP

TX Clock

EXT

RX Clock

Off, 64K ... 1984K in 64K step s.

NORMAL Normal RUN mode.

INT

INT

Channel data rate (calculated
from time slot al loca t ion s e t by
user).

Set this to enable bi-lateral
channel loopback.

Clock is supplied by MUX to
device connected to channel
using S(A) and S(B) pins for TX
data.

Clock is supplied by devi ce
connected to channel port, using
X(A) and X(B) pins for TX data.
See note below.

Clock is supplied by MUX to
device connected to channel
using S(A) and S(B) pins for RX
data.

EXT

Indicate

OFF

TRANS

CARRIER

ON

Clock is supplied by devi ce
connected to channel port, using
X(A) and X(B) pins for RX
data. See note below.

Indicated pin permanently
asserted.

Indicated pin permanently not
asserted.

Transparent mode.
Indicate pin asserted when
remote Control p in is as serted
(updated at approximately 10
times per second)

Indicate pin asserted whenever
carrier is present.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Note: If an external clock option is selected, unless the external device is
synchronised to the main link clock, clock slips will inevitably occur, leading to data
loss.

Drop and Insert (D&I) channel operation

The optional G.703 Drop and Insert channel allows connection of external G.703 equipment
(eg. PABX) which uses only part of the 2 megabit timeslot map. This is sometimes referred
to as 'Fractional E1'.

The timeslots are assigned as shown above for channels, using 'D' to select the D&I channel.

An additional menu page is available, allowing the Time Slot Map to be edited, whilst
showing the D&I channel settings.

The way in which the D&I channel synchronises as well as mode settings, are also set on this
page. For more details of these link settings see the main link parameter settings section
(page 24).

When the D&I card is fitted, it is also possible to slave the clock reference to the D&I
channel. This is achieved by selecting THROUGH as the Clock Reference as shown above.

2 MEGABIT E1 MULTIPLEXER V1.00
=============================== 15:31 16/09/96 ==================================
Main Link (EUR) : SYNCHRONISED
Mode : NORMAL Nx64 Channels : 4
Framing : CRC4 * D&I Channels : 1
Idle Bandwidth : 320K System Alarms : Minor
Clock Reference : THROUGH Statistics : Error Counts
Configuration : LOCAL Events : Log

D&I Channel (EUR) : NO CARRIER
Drop Bandwidth : 1024K
Mode : NORMAL
Framing : CRC4

---------------- -- ---- - TI MES LOT MAP -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- ---- --
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

---------------- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- ----- -- -- -- -- -- -­ R 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Cursor Keys to move, CTRL-U to save, ESC to abandon
=================================================================================
Use <SPACEBAR>/<+>/<-> to select

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Setting the System's Real-Time Clock

To change the system clock time, position the > cursor at the "Set Clock" field. The message
'Enter time and date (h h-mm-ss dd/mm/yy)' will appear at the bottom of the screen. The
time should be entered following the format shown. Time updates may be entered without a
date, but to change the date, both must be entered.

Viewing the Statistics pages

The Statistics pages give regularly updated information as to the performance of the E1 data
link(s).

It is important to note that there are in fact four statistics pages available for viewing:

m) Local Main Link
n) Local D&I Link (if fitted)
o) Remote Main Link
p) Remote D&I Link (if fitted)

These pages are accessed by moving the cursor to the 'St atist ics :' field, usi ng the spacebar to
select either the main link or the D&I link (if fitted). The local and remote pages are
accessed in the normal manner (using the spacebar on the 'Configuration' field).

2 MEGABIT E1 MULTIPLEXER V1.01
=============================== 09:45 25/11/96 ==================================
Main Link (EUR) : SYNCHRONISED
Mode : NORMAL Nx64 Channels : 4
Framing : CRC4 D&I Channels : NOT FITTED
Idle Bandwidth : 1984K System Alarms : None
Clock Reference : INTERNAL * Statistics : Main Link
Configuration : LOCAL Events : Log

Error Counts: >Period End-----BVC------BER-------CRC------FEBE-------FAS------SYNC
14:33:00 2902 8.9E-06 506 362 94 2
14:48:00 0 <1E-09 0 0 0 0
15:03:00 0 <1E-09 0 0 0 0
15:18:00 0 <1E-09 0 0 0 0
15:33:00 0 <1E-09 0 0 0 0
Current: 15:36:40 0 <1E-09 0 0 0 0

Cursor Keys to move, CTRL-U to save, ESC to abandon
=================================================================================
(S)tart, (E)nd, (^R)eset current, <- / -> = scroll

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Each entry on a page represents a summary of link performance over 15 minutes of operation.
The Current entr y, is updated every 10 seconds with any errors identified in the preceding
10 seconds.

To view additional entries not shown (if any) on the current screen page, move the cursor to
the 'Period end' field, and use the Left and Right arrow keys. This will scroll the statistics
information up or down by one page respectively.

For diagnostics purposes it is possible to Clear the Current line (ie start a fresh line), by
moving the cursor to the 'Period end' field, then typing <CTRL> and R. This is useful if the
operator wishes to check that a condition which may have been causing errors has been
removed.

On the screen display, the following abbreviations are used:

BVC = Bipolar Violation Count e rrors

BER = Approximate Bit Error Rate (based on BVC), which may be used

to trigger an alarm. Note that BER is only calculated when the
unit is in SYNC with the remote uni t.

CRC = Cyclic Redundancy Check errors (in CRC4 mode only, otherwise

shown as '----')

FEBE = Far End Block Errors (in CRC4 mode only otherwise shown as ' --

--')

FAS = Frame Alignment Signal losses

SYNC = Synchronisation losses (reported each ti me sync goes from
'present' to 'lost')

These statistics provide a very useful summary of link performance over the last 24 Hour
period.

Note that, unlike the event log, the statistics are not retained in the event of a power failure.

Viewing the Event Log

An event log is maintained which stores (in non-volatile memory) crucial events, such as
power up, alarms, and configuration change, and carrier loss times.

It is also possible to enable channel related events, (such as loss of ext ernal channel clock) to
be logged. These are enabled on the System Alarms page (see later).

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

The event log is very useful for diagnosing fault co ndit ion s.

2 MEGABIT E1 MULTIPLEXER V1.00
=============================== 15:45 16/09/96 ==================================
Main Link (EUR) : SYNCHRONISED
Mode : NORMAL Nx64 Channels : 4
Framing : CRC4 D&I Channels : NOT FITTED
Idle Bandwidth : 1344K System Alarms : None
Clock Reference : INTERNAL Statistics : Error Counts
Configuration : >LOCAL * Events : Log

Set Time :
Events : EV00001: 13:43 16/09/96 System Reset
EV00002: 13:43 16/09/96 Composite Sync gain
EV00003: 15:20 16/09/96 Composite Sync loss
EV00004: 15:22 16/09/96 Composite Sync gain
EV00005: 15:40 16/09/96 Nx64 Channel 2 clock fail

Cursor Keys to move, CTRL-U to save, ESC to abandon
=================================================================================
Use <SPACEBAR>/<+>/<-> to select

The kind of information which is included in the event log may be chosen by the user, by
selecting the Alarm Actions on the Alarm page, described in the section below.

Clearing the Event Log

The event log can be cleared b y moving the cursor to the position on the screen where the
first event is shown (after 'Events :') and pressing <CTRL> and 'R' together. This will
delete all events from the list, and leave the message 'Event Log Cleared' as the only event.
It may be useful to clear the remote event log at the same time, by accessing the REMOTE
page, and repeating this process.

System Alarms & Alarm port

Two general purpose relay contact pairs are provided for use with the Echo. Separate
changeover contacts are provided, for both MAJOR and Minor Alarms. The contacts may be
connected to external low voltage (SELV) equipment to give an alarm / network management
indication as required. These connections are shown in Appendix J.

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The conditions which cause the alarm to operate may be selected from the System
Alarms menu page (shown below). Each of the possible Alarm conditions may be set to any

of the following actions:

a) NO ACTION The events will not cause the relay contacts to operate, or the

event to be logged.

b) LOG ON LY The events will not cause the relay contacts to operate, but the

event will be logged.

c) MINOR The event will be logged, and will cause the MINOR alarm

LED to illuminate, and the MINOR alarm relay contacts to operate.

d) MAJOR The event will be logged, and will cause the MAJOR alarm

LED to illuminate, and the MAJOR alarm relay contacts to operate.

2 MEGABIT E1 MULTIPLEXER V1.01
=============================== 11:47 06/01/97 ==================================
Main Link (EUR) : SYNCHRONISED
Mode : NORMAL Nx64 Channels : 4
Framing : CRC4 D&I Channels : 1
Idle Bandwidth : 0K * System Alarms : Minor
Clock Reference : INTERNAL Statistics : Main Link
Configuration : >LOCAL Events : Log

Event Action Status
Link Carrier Loss : MAJOR OK
Timeslot Mismatch : MAJOR OK
D&I Carrier Loss : MINOR FAULT
D&I Remote Alarm : MINOR OK
Nx64 Control Off : NO ACTION OK
Nx64 Clock Fail : LOG ONLY OK
Remote Alarm : MAJOR OK
Link BER High : MINOR OK BER Threshold : 1E-8

Cursor Keys to move, CTRL-U to save, ESC to abandon
=================================================================================
Use <SPACEBAR>/<+>/<-> to select

Note that the screen display also indicates the highest active alarm status (None, Minor or
MAJOR), to the right of the 'Alarm' page prompt on the top right of the screen.

The reasons for which an alarm may be reported as 'FAULT' are identified below:

Link Carrier Loss

The local Multiplexer cannot identify a valid synchronisation sequence (FAS, CRC4
etc) from the remote multiplexer.

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Timeslot Mismatch

The configuration in the local unit does not match that in the remote unit. This
would almost certainly lead to data errors on some channels.

D&I Carrier Loss

The Multiplexer cannot identify a valid synchronisation sequence (FAS, CRC4 etc)
from the unit attached to the D&I port.

D&I Remote Alarm

The unit attached to the D&I port is generating an alarm in the framing information,
that is, it is reporting that it has a problem.

Nx64 Control Off

One of the channel ports (which is in use) is not providing the multiplexer with a true
CONTROL signal. This may mean that the signals have not been connected at all.
Note that un-connected CONTROL inputs will produce a random ON or OFF
indication. Control inputs from ports which are not allocated in the timeslot map are
ignored.

Nx64 Clock Fail

One of the data channel cannot synchronise its clock to the global network clock.
This may occur if a channel is set to external clock, and either no clock at all is
connected, or the clock which is connected is the wrong rate.

Remote Alarm

Shows FAULT if a remote Alarm is being received from the remote multiplexer.

Remote alarms are generated by any condition set at the remote site to give a MAJOR
alarm. If you want a particular alarm to be reported through the remote alarm bit, you
must set its Action field to either MAJOR or MINOR.N Any alarm which is set to
MAJOR or MINOR will cause a remote alarm to be sent through the link.

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For example:

If 'D&I Remote alarms' are to be sent as remote alarms through the main

multiplexer link, set:

D&I Remote alarms : MAJOR
at the remote site.

At the local site, setting:
Remote Alarm : MINOR

will result in a MINOR alarm being generated locally when any remote alarm

is active.

In this way, D&I remote alarms may be carried on through the main link, so that
connected peripheral equipment can cause alarms to be carried transparent ly through
the main link.

Link BER High

Shows FAULT if the Bit Error Rate exceeds the threshold set. With an error free link,
this fault will eventually clear when the BER becomes less than the threshold set.

Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Echo Multiplexer Installation

BEFORE INSTALLATION, PLEASE REFER TO THE SAFETY WARNINGS IN
APPENDIX A, APPROVALS REQUIREMENTS IN APPENDIX B, and EMC
REQUIREMENTS IN APPENDIX C

Supply Voltage & Connection

A.C. 100 - 240V a.c. without adjustment.
D.C. 48V d.c. without adjustment. (OPTIONAL TBA)

The Echo may be optionally DC or AC powered. The AC power supply is a switched mode
unit, the optional DC power supply unit being a DC to DC converter. Both allow
considerable input voltage variation.

Environmental Considerations

The Echo Multiplexer must be operated under the following atmospheric conditions:

Temperature: 0 to 40 degrees centigrade.
Humidity: 0% to 90% non-condensing.
Air Pressure: 86 to 106 kPa.

Mechanical Construction

The Echo is housed in a 1.5U tall 19" enclosure. An optional rack mount kit is available on
request. Four LEDs on the front panel indicate the current status of the multiplexer.

The multiplexer MUST b e disconnected f rom the power su pply before open ing the unit
or changing any network connections.

Screws on the left, right and top of the enclosure are removed using a Posidrive screwdriver
to access the interior. This allows installation of option cards.

The rear panel (illustrated on page 36) accommodates the link interface connectors and
supervisor port.

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Composite Interface Selection

The required interface (European 120 Ohms RJ45 or UK 75 Ohms 2 x BNC), must be
selected using the inter nal jumper link as described in the appendices, before connecting

the equipment. The current interface t ype is repo rted on the mai n set-up screen as eit her UK
or EUR as appropriate.

Composite Network Connection

The Echo Time Division Multiplexer supports both UK (75 Ohm) and European Network
Interfaces.

The composite port appears on the back panel as an RJ45 socket (European 120 Ohms) and 2
x BNC connector (UK 75 Ohms), the pin-out for each interface standard being shown in
Appendix F.

For UK connection, screened BNC cables should be used, with the screen connected to
chassis at the TX connector only (LK1 = 1-2, LK2 = 2-3).

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

For EUROPEAN connection, un-screened RJ45 cables are suitable. The screen to chassis
links must be fitte d in the isolated position (LK1 = 1-2, LK2 = 1-2).

The positions of the links LK1, LK2 and the UK/EUR selector are shown (fitted for European
120 Ohms) on the diagram shown above.

Composite Link Parameters

Parameters in the System a rea (upper left) and the choices available by pressing the Space
Bar or + and - keys are:

PARAMETER CHOICES NOTES

Main Link

Mode

LOCAL LOOP

REMOTE LOOP

Framing

NON-CRC4

Clock Reference

Present
CRC4 Hunt
Lost

NORMAL Normal run mode.

CRC4

INTERNAL

Shows whether the link is
successfully connected. No
options selectable.

Composite loopback, causes
MUX to get carrier even
when not connected to link.

Payload loopback, causes
data at E1 port to be echoed
to the network.

16 Frame synchronisation,
using CRC4 pattern. Allows
better link diagnostics.

2 Frame Synchronisation
only.

Clock sourced from Internal
Crystal reference.

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LOOP

THROUGH

CHANNEL 1..4

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Clock sourced from MAIN
E1 RX data.

Clock sourced from D&I E1
RX data (only available if
D&I port fitted.

Clock sourced from data
channel external clock pin.
Must be accurate to 50ppm
or better.

Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

EXTERNAL

Clock sourced from external
clock connector. Must be
accurate to 50ppm or better.
External clock rate must be
set on screen to ma tch the
reference used.

Configuration

LOCAL
REMOTE

"Modified" appears if change
has been made.

Back to Back demonstration connection

For a simple demonstration, or local network use, two Echo Multiplexers may be connected
'back to back', using a cross over cable arrangement, one unit being set to internal clock
reference, the other to loop clock.

For UK interfac es, a pair of 75 Ohm BNC cables should be used, connecting TX on one unit
to RX on the other and visa versa.

For Eu ropean interface s an RJ45 crossover cable should be us ed, as described in Appendix
G, page 40.

The following diagrams show examples of the available clock options:

Internal Clock (other site in loop)

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Using an external Clock reference

A range of external clock reference options are available, and can be seen in the table above.

An external clock BNC connector is available fo r connection of a TTL square wave with a
stability of 50ppm or better. Alternatively, the Echo may be clock slaved to one of the d ata
channels. When this option is selected, the appropriate channel's clocks must, of course, b e
set to EXTernal. As with the other external clock options, it is important that the clock
provided to the channel interface has a stability of 50ppm or better.

External Channel Clock

External Reference Clock

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Through Clock (Master from D&I link)

Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

In this example, the master cl ock is derived from the PABX which is connected to the D&I
channel.

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Troubleshooting

Front Panel LEDs

On the front panel only the CARRIER LED should normally be lit.

When the multiplexer is un-connected or
has lost carrier, the CARRIER LED will
flash slowly. A faster flash shows that
CRC4 sync hunt mode has been entered.

LED LABEL CONDITION NOTES
CARRIER

Slow Flash

No RX Carrier established

Fast Flash

In CRC4 Mode, FAS pr es e nt,
searching for CRC4
synchronisation.

Steady Green

CARRIER Synchronised

MAJOR Alarm

Minor Alarm

Red

Not illuminated
Red

Not illuminated

Red if a MAJOR Alarm condi tio n
has occurred.

No MAJOR alarm condition.
Red if a Minor Alarm condition

has occurred.

No Minor alarm condition.

LOOP

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Not illuminated

Green

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Normal run mode

If any Composite or data channel
looped or in a test mode.

Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Diagnostics & Loopbacks

A number of debug options are available. They are described in the tabl e on page 13. It is
possible to loop back any channel bi-laterally (both lo cally and remotel y), to allow data to be
tested for proper operation.

Care should be taken when using external clocks, to either provide the master clock
reference, or simply clock data.

A useful indication of a clock failure is provided by the message 'CLK??' appearing to the
right of the channel rate, as shown below. This indicates that the required external clock is
either running too slow (or not at all) or too fast for the channel rate selected. If internal
clock is selected, this message should not appear.

2 MEGABIT E1 MULTIPLEXER V1.00
=============================== 15:35 16/09/96 ==================================
Main Link (EUR) : SYNCHRONISED
Mode : NORMAL * Nx64 Channels : 4
Framing : CRC4 D&I Channels : 1
Idle Bandwidth : 320K System Alarms : None
Clock Reference : INTERNAL Statistics : Error Counts
Configuration : >LOCAL Events : Log

Nx64 Channel : 1 2 3 4
Rate : 384K 256K CLK? OFF OFF
Mode : NORMAL NORMAL NORMAL NORMAL
TX Clock : INT EXT INT INT
RX Clock : INT EXT INT INT
Indicate : ON ON ON ON

---------------- -- ---- TI MES L OT MAP --- -- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- ---- -
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

---------------- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- -- -- ----- -- -- -- -- -- -­ R 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Cursor Keys to move, CTRL-U to save, ESC to abandon

=================================================================================
Use <SPACEBAR>/<+>/<-> to select

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Appendix A - Warnings

WARNING: THIS EQUIPMENT MUST BE EARTHED /
GROUNDED

This equipment relies on the EARTH / GROUND connection to
ensure safe operation such that the user and TELECOM Network
are adequately protected . It must not under any circumstances be
operated without an earth connection, which could nullify its
approval for connection to a network.

WARNING:

INSTALLATION OF EQUIPMENT

Installation of this equipment must only be performed by suitably
trained service personnel.

WARNING:

CONNECTION OF OTHER EQUIPMENT

This equipment allows connection only of suitably approved
equipment to its ports, the safety status of which are defined
below.

SELV Ports:

i) Supervisor port
ii) MAIN port
iii) D&I port
iv) CH1 to CH4 (Channel ports)
v) EXT CLOCK
vi) ALARM port

The above named ports are classified as SELV (Safety Extra Low
Voltage) in accordance with in Clause 2.3 of EN60950 (BS7002,
IEC950 as applicable), and must only be connected to equipment
which similarly complies with the SELV safety classification.

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Warnung: Dieses Gerät Muß an einem Anschluß mit Schutzleiter

betrieben werden.

Zum sicheren Betrieb ist der Anschluß des Gerätes an
Spannungsversorgungen mit Schutzleiter notwendig. Nur so kann
ein optimaler Schutz für Bedienpersonal und
Übertragungseinrichtungen gewährleistet werden. Unter keinen
Umständen darf dieses Gerät ohne Schutzleiter betrieben werden,
da ansonsten die Zulassung für den Anschluß an Netzen erlischt.

Warnung: Installation des Gerätes

Die Installation des Gerätes darf nur von entsprechend
ausgebildetem und autorisiertem Personal durchgeführt werden.

Warnung: Anschluß von ander en Ger äten

Angeschlossen werden dürfen nur Systeme mit entsprechenden
zugelassenen und geeigneten Schnittstellen, siehe auch
nachfolgende Tabelle:

SELV Ports

i) Supervisor port
iiii) MAIN port
ivi) D&I port
iv) CH1 to CH4 (Channel ports)
v) EXT CLOCK
vi) ALARM port

Die oben aufgeführten Ports sind klassifi ziert als SELV (Safety Extra
Low Voltage) in Übereinstimmung mit Absatz 2.3 der Verordnung
EN60950 (BS7002, IEC950 soweit anwendbar), und dürfen nur
zusammen mit Geräten verwendet werden, die dieser Bestimmung
entsprechen.

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Mise en garde: Cet équipement d o it être re lié a la terr e

Cet équipement doit posséder une prise de terre de manière à ce
que le réseau télécom et ses utilisateurs soient équitablement
protégés. Tout manquement à cette obligation entraînerait
l'annulation de l'autorisation de connexion a un réseau.

Mise en garde: Installation de l'équipment

L'installation doit être assurée uniquement par des personnels
convenablement formés à ce type de matériel.

Mise en garde: Connexion d'autres équipements

Des équipement complémentaires pourrant être connectés aux
ports de cet équipement à la seule condition que ceux-ci soient
agrées. Les conditions optimales de sécurité pour toute conn exion
sont définies ci-dessous:

Ports SELV.

i) port Supervisor
vi) port MAIN
vii) port D&I
iv) ports pour les canaux CH1 à CH4
v) port EXT CLOCK
vi) port ALARM

Les ports cités ci-dessous sont classés dans la catégorie SELV (Safet y
Extra Low Voltage) conformément à la classe 2.3 de EN60950
(BS7002, IEC950 applicable) et doivent être connectés à des
équipements répondant à la norme de sécurité SELV.

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Appendix B - Approval

Requirements DO NOT change any of the wording in this section unless you are
absolutely certain about wh at you are doing. The entri es and particular for mat are an
approval requirement and any change may invalidate product approval.

The Echo MULTIPLEXER carrying the BABT / CE168 assessment symbols and approval
number, is approved for connection to the networks identified in this Appendix as follows:

G.703

In the UK, to PD7024 (75 Ohm Un-balanced) via 2 x BNC connectors. The internal link
must be set to the UK position, as detailed in the installation instructions.

Throughout Europe (Pan European) to CTR12 based on NET12 via RJ45 Connector (120
Ohms Balanced). The internal link must be set to the EUR position, as detailed in the
installation instructions.

X.21/V11

Throughout Europe (Pan European) to I-CTR2 based on NET2 at rates u p to and including
1984Kbps.

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Appendix C - EMC Requirements

To ensure compliance with the EMC directive, some care must be taken to ensure that the
units are installed properly, using suitable cables and connections. The following must be
observed:

Limitation of Emissions:

'D-Type' Connections

This product relies on the use of screened cables for connection to the 15 way 'D-Type' ports.
The cables must have the foil or braid screen co nnected effectivel y to the metal headsh ell to
ensure continued compliance. The following headshells provide suitable screen connection
and are available from Black Box:

DB15 - FA033

DB25 - FA031

The diagram below illustrates an example of a suitable screen connection. Note how the foil
or braid screen is bent back over the 'C' clip to achieve a pressure contact of the screen
against the shell:

It is important to keep the screen to shell connection as short as possible.

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Mains Connection

The mains connection is internally filtered and requires no special consideration.

To Ensure that adequate immunity is achieved:

It is in the user's interest to ensure continued product immunity against mains born transients,
and static discharge. To achieve this, it is important to ensure that equipment is effectively
earthed.

The mains IEC cable provides some protection, but to achieve optimal immunity, the chassis
EARTH screw connecti on should be connected to a local EARTH busbar or cabinet frame
wherever possible as shown below:

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Echo 2 Mbps Multiplexer

Appendix D – Rear Panel Lay Out

The layout of all ports on the rear panel of the Echo multiplexer is shown in the diagram
below:

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Appendix E - Supervisor Port Pinout

V.24 Supervisor Port Pinout (25 Way D Type Configured DCE)

1 Ground
2 TxD
3 RxD
4 RTS
5 CTS
6 DSR
7 Common
8 DCD

9600bps Operation: The multiplexer requires connections to TxD, RxD and
Common only. The output signals CTS, DSR and DCD are provided for the terminal
if required.

Note: Connector shell and termination must be as specified in EMC section, Appendix
C, on page 34 of this manual.

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Appendix F - Composite Interface Pinouts

Composite Interface Connections (EUROPE)

Using 120 Ohm Balance d RJ45

Name Description

RxA

RxB Input 2
TxA

TxB Output 5

S1 Shield Reference - 3
S2 Shield Reference - 6

Notes: 1 5 way link strap must be fitted in EUR position (LK3) and not in UK position (LK4)

2 LK1 and LK2 must both be fitted in position 1-2 (Isolated).

RX Pair

TX Pair

Type at

Connector

Input 1

Output 4

DTE - RJ45

Female

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Composite Interface Connections (UK)

Using 75 Ohm Un-balanced BNC

Name Description

RxA

Type at

Connector

DTE - BNC

Female

Input Centre RX

RX Pair

RxB

Ground

Outer RX2

Reference

TxA

Output Centre TX

TX Pair

TxB

Ground

Outer TX3

Reference

Notes: 1 5 way link strap must be fitted in UK position (LK4) and not in EUR position (LK3).

2 Fit LK1 position 1-2 to isolate RX ground from chassis. Fit LK1 position 2-3 to connect RX ground

to chassis.

3 Fit LK2 position 1-2 to isolate TX ground from chassis. Fit LK2 position 2-3 to connect TX ground

to chassis.

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Appendix G - RJ45 E1 Crossover Cable.

RJ45 Crossover Cable (EUROPE)

Using 120 Ohm Balance d RJ45

Name Description

TxRxA

DTE2 - RJ45

Male

4 1

DTE1 - RJ45

Male

TXRX Pair
TxRxB 5 2
RxTxA

1 4

RXTX Pair
RxTxB 2 5

S1 Shield Reference 6 3
S2 Shield Reference 3 6

Notes: 1 5 way link strap must be fitted in EUR position (LK3) and not in UK position (LK4)

2 LK1 and LK2 must be fitted in position 1-2 (Isolated).

3 For demonstration purposes, one unit should be set to Internal clock other unit should be set to loop

clock.

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Appendix H - X.21/V.11 Data Channel Pinout

X.21/V.11 Data Channels connectors 1 - 4

(15 Way DB25 Type Configured DCE)

DATA CHANNEL CONNECTIONS:

Name Description

Protective Ground - 1

G Signal Ground - 8
T(A) TxD a Input 2
T(B) TxD b Input 9

R(A) RxD a Output 4

R(B) RxD b Output 11
S(A) Clock a Output 6
S(B) Clock b Output 13

I(A) Indicate a Output 5
I(B) Indicate b Output 12

C(A) Control a Input 3

C(B) Control b Input 10

Type at

Connector

DCE - DB15

Female

X(A) Ext Clock a Input 7
X(B) Ext Clock b Input 14

Note: Connector shell and termination must be as specified in EMC section, Appendix C, on page 34 of this

manual.

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Appendix I - X.21/V.11 Network Crossover Cable

ONWARD LINKING Crossover Cable

15 Way Multiplexer DCE

to DCE or Ne tw or k DCE

MUX 15 Way Male

Connector

UNC 4/40 Screws

1 1 SHIELD ­8 8 G Common Return
4 2 T(A) Generator

11 9 T(B) Generator

2 4 R(A) Load
9 11 R(B) Load
5 3 C(A) Generator

12 10 C(B) Generator

3 5 I(A) Load

10 12 I(B) Load

7 6 S(A) Load

V.11 15 Way Male

Connector

M3 Screws2

Type at Network

Connector

(Normal Use)

14 13 S(B) Load

Notes: 1 V11 Clocks X(A), X(B) from the Nx64 port are generators, and should not be connected.

The channel port should be configured to use external clock for both external transmit and
external receive clocks.

2 V11 Male for connection to NTU must have M3 Screws. Mux end has 4/40 screws unless

National Regulations permit the use of UNC 4/40. Each cable end must be clearly
identifiable.

3 Dashed lines show wires to be twisted pairs.

4 Cable type: Belden 9508, 8 twisted pair overall screen (or equivalent). Maximum length

100 Metres.

5 Connector shell and termination as specified in EMC section, Appendix C, on page 34 of

this manual.

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Appendix J - Alarms

The following pin connections may used when an external alarm indication is required. The
6 way DIN connector provides two sets of relay contacts for externally connected low voltage
(SELV) equipment as follows:

MAJOR/Minor Alarm Port pin connections

6 way Miniature DIN

connector pin

Function

2 MAJOR NO - Closed on AL ARM or power fa il
1 MAJOR Common Contac t
4 MAJOR NC - Closed on OK
3 Minor NO - Closed on AL ARM or power fa il
6 Minor Common Contact
5 Minor NC - Closed on OK

Note that the contacts are not mechanical, and have an internal resistance of around 100

Ohms. This should be considered when making a connection to external equipment.

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Appendix K - Echo Technical Specification

E1 COMPOSITE LINK and DROP & INSERT (D&I) PORTS

Link Ports: Echo Mux: 1 E1 port, Echo T-Mux: 2 E1 por t s

Compliance: G.703, G.704, G.706, I.431, G.823, PD7024, CTR12, EN41003, EN60950,

EN55022, EN50082-1, BABT, CE (EM C, LVD , TT E)

Interface: G.703 75 Ohm un-balanced (UK), 2 x BNC connectors (to PD7024)
or G.703 120 Ohm ba la nc ed ( E ur ope), 8 w ay RJ45 conne c tor ( t o CTR12)

Data Rate: 2.048 Mbit/s +/- 50ppm, Ref: Internal, Loop, External, Channel 1..4

Transmission Modes: AMI/HDB3

Statistics & Alarms: 24 Hour BERT / 15 minute intervals, 2 Major & Minor A larm contac t s.

Nx64K DATA CHANNELS

Interface: X.21/V.11 (DCE)

Capacity: Echo Mux & Echo T-Mux: 2..4 Channels

Data Rates: Off, 64K, 128K, ... 1984K in 64K steps, Internal or External Clocks

Data Format: Synchronous Transparent

Control Signals: Indicate Permanant, Alarm controlled, or Transparent option.

Diagnostics: Bilateral Loopbacks, Underflow & Overflow Alarms

SUPERVISOR PORT

Interface: V.24/V.28 (DCE), 9600bps async, 8 bits, no parity, 1 st op bit

Supported Terminals: VT52, VT100, ADDSVP, ADM3A, H1500, N8009, TVI920

GENERAL

Front Panel Indicators: Carrier, MAJOR Alarm, Minor Alarm, Loop.

Dimensions: 434mm x 290mm x 61mm

Weight: Min 2.4Kg (Access Lanlink) Max 2.6Kg (Access T-Mux)
Environment: Operating 0-40°C, 0- 90% hum idity non- c onde nsing

Power Supply Requirement s: 100 - 240V AC , 50 - 60Hz, 40W (Inter nal sw itche d m ode P SU)

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